Mulkin: | Eumetazoi |
Infraclass: | Kifi mai ƙwanƙwasa |
Subfamily: | Scombrinae |
Jinsi: | Mackerel |
Mackerel (lat. Scomber) - asalin halittar kifin dangin mackerel na tsarin mackerel. Waɗannan kifayen ƙwaƙwalwa ne waɗanda yanayin rayuwarsu ba ta da alaƙa da tushe. Matsakaicin tsayin jiki shine cm 64, matsakaita shine cm 30. Jikin yana da sifa-sifa, an rufe shi da ƙananan sikelin cycloid. Maƙallin iyo na iya zama ko a wurin. Kodayake akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan jinsin da suka mamaye, akwai yawancin jinsuna daya a kowane yanki na yanki.
Ilimin halitta
Wadannan kifin suna hade makarantu da Trachurus symmetricus da sardines na Peruvian. Mackerels suna tace plankton, suna tace ɓarna a cikin ruwa. Har ila yau, manya suna kama kan ƙananan kifi da squid. A larvae, kafin su fara haɗuwa a makarantu, cin naman mutane ya zama ruwan dare. Manyan tuna, marlin, kifayen, dabbar dolphins, zakuna teku da kwalliya suna ganima a mackerels.
Bayanin
Mackerel yana da alaƙa da sifa mai fasali mai zurfi, mai bakin ciki da gefen matsatsin caudal peduncle tare da kayan gada biyu; ƙaramin matsakaiciyar matsakaiciya a tsakani ba ya nan. Akwai ƙarin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙyafa biyar a bayan ƙashin ƙarancin baya da ƙashin bayan cinya. Waɗannan masu iyo ne masu sauri, suna dacewa sosai don rayuwa mai aiki a cikin ruwa mai ruwa. Kamar sauran yan uwa, akwai wani zobe na kashi a idanu. Hannun yatsun guda biyu sun rabu biyu ta hanyar tsinkayen tsinkaye. Fin fin fin fin din yayi low kuma baya yin jifa. Bayan ƙashin bayan ƙwanƙolin na biyu da na ƙashin bayan fitsari yana ɗaukar ƙaramin ƙyallen ƙwaya, yana taimakawa wajen gujewa samuwar juji yayin babban motsi. Karatun caudal ya tabbata kuma an bazu sosai. Dukkanin jikin an rufe shi da kananan sikeli. Pacewallon jirgin a gaban gaba, wanda aka kafa ta manyan sikeli, ba shi da haɓaka ko ba ya nan. Layin gefe ya kusan madaidaiciya, tare da ƙaramin lanƙwasa lanƙwasa. Hakora ƙanana ne, conical. Akwai palatine da bude hakora. Thin gill stamens of matsakaici tsawon, yawansu a kan ƙananan rabin farkon gill baka bai wuce talatin da biyar. Akwai guda talatin zuwa talatin vertebrae.
Haske mai sanyi. Gabannin gaban da na baya na idanu an rufe su da fatar ido mai kauri. Gill stamens bayyane ta hanyar bude baki. A cikin fin din farko, azumin takwas zuwa goma sha uku, a cikin ƙwanƙolin na biyu da na dubura mai ɗaci raunin layya goma sha biyu, lafiyan ya yi tsauri. Insashin ɗumammu na gajere yayi gajeru, kafa goma sha takwas zuwa ashirin da ɗaya. A baya launin shuɗi-ƙarfe ne mai launi, an rufe shi da layin duhu mai duhu. Sides da ciki na launin shuɗi, ba tare da alamomi ba.
Darajar tattalin arziki
Mackerel kifi ne na kasuwanci mai mahimmanci. Namancinta yana da kitse (har zuwa 16.5% mai), mai arziki a cikin bitamin B12, ba tare da ƙananan ƙasusuwa ba, mai taushi da daɗi. Mackerel mafi yawanci ana farauta shi da seines na jaka, ko kuma tare da taimakon gwanaye, ƙugiya, manyan kanti, trawls da net net ɗin ajali. Naman ya shiga kasuwa cikin sabo, mai daskararre, kyafaffen, salted da gwangwani. Babban kitse na mackerel yana ba ku damar dafa shi ta yin burodi ba tare da ƙara mai ba.
Wanene ya fi sauri fiye da mackerel ko motar tsere?
Mackerel (lat. Scomber) - kifayen daskararre daga dutsen mackerel.
Wannan shi ne ɗayan mashahuran kifayen tare da ƙoshin mai daɗi. Yayi tartsatsi ko'ina: ana samunsa a cikin dukkan tekuna, ban da Arctic, yana iyo a cikin nahiyoyin duniya: Baƙi, Marmara da Baltic.
Mackerel yana zaune a cikin zazzabi na 8-20 ° C, wanda shine dalilin da yasa aka tilasta shi yin ƙaura na lokaci tare da iyakar Amurka da Turai, har ila yau tsakanin Marmara da Black Teas.
Girman mackerel ƙanƙane ne, amma ba a ce ƙananan ƙananan kifi bane. Tsawon jikin mutum na iya kaiwa santimita 67, amma galibi ana samun sa cikin matsakaici 30-40 santimita. Matsakaicin nauyin 300-400 grams. Amma wani lokacin kifi har zuwa kilogiram 2 ya zo wucewa, amma wannan banbanci ne ga doka.
C pe pe the the thec
Atlantic Mackerel (lat.Scomber scombrus)
Ofaya daga cikin jinsunan da aka fi amfani dasu a cikin ruwa na Arewacin Atlantika.
Matsakaicin jikin mutum shine 60 cm, ana zane a cikin shuɗaye masu launin shuɗi-kore, a bango akwai banbancin raɗaɗi da dige. Mafitsin iyo ba ya nan.
Ana samun kifi a kan iyakar Iceland da Canary Islands, a Arewacin Carolina, da kuma cikin ruwan Tekun Arewa.
A yayin tsere, mackerel yana yin saurin gudu har zuwa kilomita 77 / h, yana haifar da hayaniyar halayyar sama da saman ruwa, wanda ke jan hankalin masunta da maharban ruwa. Ciyarwa tana faruwa a lokacin bazara. Haihuwa kusan rabin miliyan ƙwai. Kifin ya fara ƙaura tare da rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa digiri 10, yana neman ruwan dumi daga Tekun Marmara. Tsayawa a cikin hunturu, mackerel ya shiga zurfin 200 m kuma yana haifar da rayuwa mai tsaka-tsaki tare da abinci mara kyau. Balaga yana faruwa ne a shekaru 3, yana da imani cewa mackerel ya rayu har zuwa shekaru 18.
Jafananci Jafananci (lat.Scomber japonicus)
Kuma ana kiranta Far Eastern, irin wannan kifin ya zama ruwan dare a cikin ruwa kusa da tsibirin Kuril. Tana fifita yawan zafin jiki zuwa digiri 27, a lokacin bazara lokacin bazara tana fadada mazauninta, tana kama ruwan zafi.
Jikin yana da elongated, mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, yana da tsari mai raɗaɗi na duhu wanda aka samo a bangarorin da kuma bayan kifin. Halin bijirewa yana bayyana a farkon shekarar rayuwa lokacin da aka kai tsayin 3 cm .. Mackerel da ke cikin teku a Japan ya fara daga farkon bazara zuwa Yuli. Matan sun yi kwanciya sama da dubu 60. Tsarin ci gaban lardin zuwa babban mutum shine watanni shida.
African Mackerel (lat.Scomber colias)
Zuwa yau, wannan nau'in ya sami matsayi mai zaman kansa, an yi imani da shi cewa mackerel na Afirka wata ƙasa ce ta Jafananci. Tana zaune a tekun Atlantika, cikin ruwan Azores, Canary Islands, Rum da kuma Tekun Bahar Rum. Ana samun tumakin pelagic a cikin sassan yankin bakin teku a zurfin bai wuce mita 300 ba. Zasu iya samar da tsintsaye tare da wasu nau'ikan mackerel. Suna ciyar da zooplankton, sprats, anchovies, da sauran invertebrates.
Balaga yana fada a cikin shekaru 2 na rayuwa; kifi yana tashi a farkon lokacin bazara da daddare, yana lalata daruruwan dubban ƙwai. Ana ba da mackerel na Afirka kai tsaye zuwa kasuwa a cikin matattara ko kuma gwangwani. An narkar da naman, gishiri a sauran sauran zafin.
Mackerel Ostiraliya (australasicus na Australiya)
An samo ta a tekun Pacific, iyakar iyakokin China da Tsibirin Japan zuwa Australia da New Zealand. Tsayin jikin mutum kusan 50 cm. An fentin gawa a cikin tabarau masu launin shuɗi-kore, akwai ratsiyoyi masu ganuwa a kan shuɗi mai launin shudi-kore. Balagagge yakan faru ne tun yana ɗan shekara 2 a cikin ruwa kusa da Australia.
Matsakaicin shekarun rayuwa shine kimanin shekaru 8, duk da haka, wasu mutane, a cewar masana kimiyya, na iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 24. A cikin Jirgin ruwan sanyi na Japan, balaga yakan faru shekara guda kafin, ana rage sake zagayowar rayuwar zuwa shekaru 6.
An haxa shi da zurfin trawls da seines. Abin lura ne cewa naman mackerel na Ostiraliya a cikin Japan bai zama sananne ba fiye da nau'in jinsunan Japan.
Rayuwa & Habitat
Mackerel ya zauna a cikin ruwan Amurka, Yammacin Turai, Tekun Baƙi da Bahar Rum. Kifi yana da ƙaunar zafi, zazzabi mai gamsarwa ga shi shine 8-20 digiri, a lokacin sanyaya, mutane da yawa sukan taru a cikin garken don yin ƙaura zuwa wurare tare da ruwa mai zafi.
Abin lura ne cewa a lokacin motsi, ɗaliban makarantun mackerel ba su yarda da wasu nau'in kifaye ba kuma suna kare makarantar su daga waje. Gasar mazaunin mackerel ya kasu zuwa wurare daban daban, inda ɗayan kifin ya zama mafi rinjaye.
Don haka, yawancin nau'in Ostiraliya ana samun su a tekun Pacific, kusa da China da tsibiran Japan, kuma ta wuce zuwa gabar tekun Australiya da New Zealand. Maskerel na Afirka ya sauka a Tekun Atlantika kuma ya gwammace ya zauna kusa da Canary da Azores, inda zurfin ruwan teku ba ya sauka a ƙarƙashin mita 300.
Jafananci, kamar yadda yake mafi zafi, yana zaune a cikin Tekun Japan tare da tsibirin Kuril, zazzabi ruwa a can na iya kaiwa digiri 27, saboda haka kifin yana faɗaɗa iyakokin mazauninsa kuma a lokacin kewayawa yana tafiya gaba daga tekun.
Mashin na Atlantika suna zaune a cikin ruwan Iceland da tsibirin Canary, kuma ana samunta a cikin Tekun Arewa. A yayin yin yaduwa, tana iya matsar da kayan kwalliya a cikin Tekun Marmara, babban abin magana shi ne cewa zurfin ya yi kadan - kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, wannan nau'in kifin ba shi da hujin iyo.
Kawai a cikin lokacin hunturu, mackerel ya nutse mita 200 a cikin rukunin ruwa kuma ya zama kusan mutuwa ba zai yiwu ba, kuma abincin da ake samu a wannan lokacin ya ragu, saboda haka kifayen da ake kamawa da kaka suna da wadatar mai da yawa.
A gefen tekun Amurka da kuma a gabar Tekun Meksiko, an fasa manyan mackerel a cikin garken kuma sun zama nau'in abin da ake kira masarauta, shine mafi sauki a kama, saboda kifin ba ya faɗo ƙasa da mita 100 kuma a sauƙaƙe ya shiga cikin raga.
Mackerel kifi ne mai ƙaura, yana zaɓi wurin zama don ruwa yana da zazzabi mai nutsuwa, saboda haka zaku iya haɗuwa da makarantu daban-daban a cikin duk teku ban da Arctic. A lokacin dumama, ruwan teku ma ya dace da rayuwar kifaye, don haka ana kama su ko'ina: daga tekun Burtaniya har zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya.
Ruwa kusa da nahiyoyi suna da haɗari ga mackerel ta wurin abokan gaba na halitta: zakuna na teku, ƙwallan faranti da manyan kifayen da ke cin abincin mackerel kuma suna da ikon rusa rabin garken don farauta.
Menene bambanci tsakanin mackerel "arewa" da "kudu":
Mackerel na arewa: ya fi mackerel na kudu ƙarfi. Ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin tsaunukan Arewacin Atlanta. Akwai bambancin yanayi na mai mai: mafi yawan mai (27%) yana faruwa a watan Agusta-Disamba. Babban abinci shine ƙananan kifi da plankton. Naman naman "arewacin" mackerel mai taushi ne, mai daɗi. Boiled da soyayyen nama yana da bushe texture. Abu ne ingantaccen ɗan albarkatun ƙasa don samar da kayan adanawa, samfuran sanyi wanda aka sha da balyks, kifayen bazara, da kayan gwangwani.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Kasancewa yana da mahimmanci hanyar haɗi a cikin sarkar abinci, mackerel ya kasance abinci ga dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma nau'in kifi mafi girma, duk da haka, ita kanta maƙiyinta ce. A cikin abincin abinci na mackerel, zooplankton, ƙananan kifi da ƙananan katako, caviar da larvae na mazaunan ruwa.
Abinda yake da ban sha'awa shine yadda maskinl yake farauta: yana tattarawa a cikin ƙananan makarantu kuma yana tura makarantun ƙananan kifi (sprats, hamsa, gerbils) zuwa saman ruwa, inda yake samar da nau'in masara. Sauran masu farauta, har ma gulls da pelicans, waɗanda ba su damu da cin abincin da aka tono ba, galibi suna shiga tsakani a tsarin farauta maskerel.
Manyan tsokar mackerel ganima a kan squids da crabs, kai hare hare a tsaga na biyu kuma karya ganima da kaifi hakora. Gabaɗaya, kifi yana da matukar ƙazanta kuma masanin masanin kifin zai iya kama shi har ma ba tare da amfani da koto ba: yana ɗaukar ƙugiya a matsayin abincin da zai ci gaba.
Tsarin abinci mackerel a cikin hotowanda 'yan koyo ke yi yana da ban sha'awa: makarantar kifaye masu kyau tare da wasu masu farauta, gami da dabbobin ruwa. Kari akan wannan, suna matsawa kusa da ruwa, garken mackerel sun kirkiro wani mutum wanda za'a iya jin shi tsakanin radius na kilomita da dama.
Sake buguwa da tsawon rai
Balagagge na kifi yana faruwa a shekaru 2 na rayuwa, daga wannan lokacin mackerel ke kiwo a shekara ba tare da wani tsangwama ba har mutuwa. Mackerel spawningrayuwa a cikin fakitoci yana faruwa a matakai da yawa: a ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon Mayu, manya manya sun yi yawa, sannan matasa da yawa, daga ƙarshe, a ƙarshen watan Yuni, matsayin ɗan fari ya zo.
Don jefa caviar, mackerel ya fi son bangarorin bakin teku. Kifin kifi yana gangaro zuwa zurfin mita 200, inda a wurare da dama yakan mamaye wurare. Gaba ɗaya, dattijo na iya ɗanɗana kimanin ƙwai dubu 500 don ɓarna, kowannensu yana da girman da bai wuce 1 mm ba kuma ya ƙunshi kitse na musamman, wanda ke ciyar da zuriya marasa kariya.
Abin ci gaba mai daɗi na ƙwai yana faruwa a zafin jiki na ruwa wanda ba ya ƙasa da digiri 13, mafi girma shi ne, mafi sauri larvae ya bayyana, waɗanda suke kawai mm mm 2-3 a cikin girman. Yawanci, lokacin daga farautar 'ya'yan shine kwanaki 16 zuwa 21.
Yawan girma na soya yana ba su damar isa ga girman 3-6 cm a ƙarshen lokacin bazara, a watan Oktoba tsayinsu ya riga ya kai 18 cm. Yawan haɓakar mackerel ya dogara da shekarunsa: ƙaramin mutum, da sauri yana girma. Wannan na faruwa har tsawon tsayin jikin mutum ya kusanci 30 cm, bayan haka girmancin yayi jinkiri sosai, amma baya tsayawa gaba daya.
Mackerel ya ɓata cikin rayuwa, tsawon lokacin wanda yawanci shekarun 18-20 ne, amma a cikin yanayi mai kyau da kuma rashin barazanar daga wasu mahara, wasu mutane suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 30.
Bayanan Ban sha'awa
Abubuwan da aka haɓaka na mackerel sun ba da damar samun saurin sauri: a lokacin jefawa, bayan kamar 2 kawai, kifin yana motsa ƙasa zuwa ƙwanƙwasa zuwa 80 km / h, a kan - zuwa 50 km / h. A lokaci guda, motar tsere ta zamani tana hanzarta zuwa 100 km / h, tana kashe 4-5 seconds.
Wannan shine kawai fifiko don ƙaura, mackerel ya fi son yin cikin kwanciyar hankali cikin sauri zuwa 30 km / h, wannan yana ba ku damar motsa nesa mai nisa da tallafawa aikin haɗin gwiwa. Mackerel yana daya daga cikin inhabitantsan tsirarun mazaunan ruwa waɗanda ke ba da izinin sauran kifaye a cikin makarantun ta, galibi herring ko sardines suna shiga makarantun ƙaura.
Maskerel kamun kifi
Mafi nau'in mackerel da aka fi sani shine Jafananci, a shekara har zuwa tan 65 na kifaye ana kamawa, yayin da yawanta koyaushe yana kasancewa a matakin al'ada saboda fecundity. Yanayin rayuwar mackerel mai daskarewa ya sami damar kamun kifi 2-3 na ruwa a cikin ruwa guda ɗaya, wanda yasa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun nau'in kasuwanci.
Bayan kamun kifi, ana girbi mackerel ta hanyoyi da yawa: suna daskararre, ɗanɗana ko gishiri. Mackerel nama dandano daban-daban mai laushi kuma yana da wadataccen zaɓi na abubuwan gina jiki.
Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a lokuta daban-daban na shekara, abubuwan mai a cikin kifi sun bambanta: a lokacin rani ne daidaitaccen gram 18-20, a cikin hunturu mai nuna alama yana ƙaruwa zuwa gram 30, wanda ke ba mu damar la'akari da wannan nau'in a matsayin mai. A lokaci guda, adadin kuzari na mackerel shine 200 kcal, kuma an narke shi sau 2 fiye da naman sa, ba ƙasa da na ƙarshen abun cikin furotin.
Sun koyi yadda za su iya samar da nau'ikan kifaye masu kyau a yanayin wucin gadi: An kirkiro masana'antu a Japan don yin girma da girbi mackerel. Koyaya, mackerel da aka girma a zaman talala yawanci bashi da nauyi fiye da gram 250-300, wanda hakan ke cutar da amfanin kasuwancin masu kasuwancin.
Kama mackerel ba yawan wahala bane: kawai yana da mahimmanci a zabi kayanka don kowane mazauninsu, galibi suna amfani da nau'ikan yanar gizo. Bugu da kari, kwararrun masuntan kifayen kuma suna yin zurfin zurfafa inda mackerel ke rayuwa, wannan ya wajaba don kyakkyawar kamawa, saboda mackerel, ya danganta da yanayin ruwan, da nisan tekun, da kusanci ga sauran rayuwar ruwa, na iya zuwa zurfin 200 m.
Masu sha'awar kamun kifi sun yaba da mackerel saboda yuwuwar lokacin wasan caca - duk da yawan shaye-shaye da kuma sauƙin bayyanar kamun kifi, kifin ya haɓaka da sauri a cikin ruwa kuma ya sami damar katse ƙyallen a cikin secondsan seconds.
A lokaci guda, ba zai yuwu a zauna a bakin gaci - mackerel ba ya zuwa kusa da tudu, don haka jirgin ruwa da amfani don kama shi. Kifi kamun kifi daga jirgin ruwa ya zama abin nishaɗi na musamman - nisan daga bakin teku, mafi yawan kifayen.
Fiswararrun masunta sun gwammace su kama mackerel tare da toshe - wannan sunan don na'urar da ta ƙunshi layin dogon kamun kifi tare da ƙugiya da yawa waɗanda ba sa buƙatar saƙar. Suna jan hankalin mackerel tare da abubuwa masu haske masu yawa - yana iya zama mai ƙyalli ko kifin filastik na musamman, wanda zaku iya siyar a wurin kamun kamun kifi.
Damuwa mackerel caviar, sannan zaku iya haduwa da shi a cikin daskararren kifin mai daskararru ko kuma ba'a sha shi ba, wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa ba a yin kifi a wuraren shakatawa, a matsayin mai mulkin. Wannan yana ba ku damar adana yawan kifayen, saboda yana sarrafa sa ƙwai kafin ya shiga cikin raga.
Koyaya, mackerel caviar abu ne mai daɗi ga mazaunan gabashin Asiya waɗanda suka fi son yin taliya daga ita. A kasuwar Rasha za ku iya samun caviar mackerel salted, a cikin kwalba, ya dace da abinci, amma yana da daidaito ruwa da ɗanɗano mai ɗaci.
Ana sayar da Mackerel akan farashi mai dacewa idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan kifayen. Lokacin da farashin yin la'akari da irin nau'in da aka kawo kifin (mai sanyi, gishiri, kyafaffen ko kuma a cikin abincin abincin gwangwani), girmansa da ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki - mafi girma da haɓakar kifin, mafi tsada farashin kilogram na ɗanɗano.
Matsakaicin matsakaita dillalan mackerel a Rasha shine:
- daskararre - 90-150 r / kg,
- kyafaffen - 260 - 300 r / kg,
- abincin gwangwani - 80-120 r / kamfani na ƙasa.
Kifi da aka kama a wajen kasarmu ya fi tsada nesa da gida: alal misali, ana iya siyan masarautar Chile mackerel akan farashin 200 r / kg, Jafananci - daga 180, Sinanci, saboda girmanta, yana da mafi ƙanƙanci a farashin nau'ikan da aka shigo da su - daga 150 r / kg
Babban darajar abinci mai gina jiki da abun ciki na bitamin da ma'adanai, musamman omega-3 mai cike da mayukan kitse, ya sanya mackerel daya daga cikin manyan kifin kasuwanci. Gidajen sa da yawan sahun kwangila yana ba da damar samar da mackerel a kusan kowace ruwa, da ruwa da kuma teku.
An shirya naman mai taushi ta hanyoyi daban-daban, amma ana ɗaukar kifin da aka dafa shine mai daɗin ci, wanda, tare da babban kitse, yana da ƙarancin kalori kuma baya cutar da adadi.
Mutane daban-daban suna dafa jita-jita na masara daga mackerel, don haka mazauna gabashin Gabas sun fi son stroganin daga mackerel, kuma a cikin ƙasashen Asiya suna ƙirƙirar pastas da pastes daga gare ta, waɗanda ake ganin suna da dadi.
Bayyanar
Mackerel halin jikin mutum ne mai santsi, na bakin ciki da na gefen matsakalar caudal peduncle tare da biyu daga mikakkun carinae. Matsakaicin keel mai tsayi ba ya cikin wakilan halittar. Kifin yana da layi guda wanda ya samar da ƙari guda biyar da ke a bayan murfin laushi da fin fin. Tare da sauran membobin dangi, mackerel yana da zobe na kashi wanda yake kewaye da idanun.
An raba kashi biyu da ƙusoshin ƙashi sau ɗaya tak da keɓaɓɓiyar ma'anar. Tsarin ciki a tsakanin ƙeƙasassun ya yi ƙasa ba ƙaramburi ba. Bayan ƙashin bayan ƙwanƙolin na biyu da ƙashin bayansa akwai ƙarancin ƙusoshin ƙwallon ƙafa, waɗanda ke guje wa samuwar iska yayin saurin kamun kifi a cikin ruwa. Karatun fin dusar ana saninsa da taurin kai da saurin tsafta.
Duk jikin mackerel an rufe shi da ƙananan sikeli. Pacewallon ƙafa a gaban da aka kafa shi ta manyan sikeli, amma ba shi da haɓaka ko rashinsa gaba ɗaya. Kusan layin gefen madaidaiciya yana da karami da wavy lanƙwasa. Hakoran kifin suna ƙanana, mai kamanni. Palatine da hakora na budewa halaye ne. Gill na bakin ciki masu matsakaici ne tsawon, kuma matsakaicin adadin su akan ƙananan sashin farko na gill bai wuce guda talatin da biyar ba. Wakilan halittar suna da vertebrae 30-32.
Abin ban sha'awa ne! Mafi girman wakilcin kwayoyin halittar shine mackerel na Afirka, wanda tsawonsa yakai 60-63 cm tare da nauyin kilo biyu, kuma ƙananan kifin shine Jafananci ko shuɗi mackerel (42-44 cm da 300-350 g).
An nuna ƙwanƙolin mackerel, tare da gefen gwiwa da na bayan fage na idanu wanda aka rufe da kyakkyawan fatar ido. Dukkanin tambarin dabbobi na bayyane a bayyane ta hanyar bude bakin. Farancin da ke jikinsa yayi gajarta, wanda aka kafa ta 18-21. An bambanta ƙarshen kifin ta hanyar canza launin ƙarfe-baƙin ƙarfe, an rufe shi da layi mai nauyi na launi mai duhu. Abubuwan da ke cikin gefan ciki da ciki na halittar suna dauke da launi mai launin shuɗi, ba tare da wata alama ba.
Halin hali da salon rayuwa
Wakilan halittar Mackerel masu iyo ne masu sauri, sun dace sosai don motsi mai aiki a cikin ruwa. Mackerel yana nufin kifayen da basu iya ciyar da mafi yawan rayuwar su kusa da tushe ba, saboda haka galibinsu suna iyo ne a cikin yankin pelagic na ruwa. Sakamakon yalwar ƙashin kai, wakilai na babban kifi Ray-finned kifi da kuma umarnin Mackerel a sauƙaƙe gujewa bugun iska ko da a cikin yanayin motsi mai sauri.
Mackerel ya fi dacewa ya zauna cikin shoals, kuma sau da yawa yana haɗuwa cikin rukuni tare da sardines na Peruvian. Wakilan dangin mackerel suna jin daɗin kwanciyar hankali ne kawai a cikin kewayon zazzabi na 8-20 ° C, saboda haka, ana nuna su ta ƙaura yanayi na shekara-shekara. Duk shekara, za a iya samun mackerel a cikin Tekun Indiya, inda zafin ruwan ya kasance mai daɗi kamar yadda zai yiwu.
Abin ban sha'awa ne! Sakamakon rashin mafitsara a iyo, jikin mai fasali da kuma tsokoki masu haɓaka, mackerel na Atlantika yana motsawa cikin yadudduka ruwa da sauri, cikin sauƙin kai zuwa kilomita 30 a sa'a guda.
Da farko lokacin sanyi na sananne, mackerel da ke zaune a cikin tekun Bahar Maliya yana yin ƙaura na lokaci zuwa arewacin Turai, inda akwai igiyoyin ruwa masu kyau waɗanda ke ba da damar kifaye su rayu cikin kwanciyar hankali. A lokacin ƙaura, kifayen da ba su da ƙarfi ba su da ƙarfi kuma ba sa amfani da kuzarinsu a abinci.
Habitat, mazauni
Wakilan nau'in mackerel na Australiya sune mazauna gaɓar teku a gabar yammacin yammacin Pacific, daga yankin Japan da China zuwa New Zealand da Ostiraliya. A gabashin yankin, kewayon rarraba wannan nau'in ya wuce zuwa yankin tsibirin Hawaiian. Hakanan, ana samun daidaikun mutane cikin ruwa na Jar Teku. A cikin ruwa mai ruwa, mackerel na Australiya ɗan adam ne mai wuya. Ana samun Meso- da epipelagic kifi a cikin ruwan teku, ba zurfin zurfin mita 250-300.
Maskerel na Afirka na zaune a bakin Tekun Atlantika, wanda ya haɗa da Tekun Baƙi da Bahar Rum. An rarraba wakilan wannan nau'in a kudu na Bahar Rum. Kasancewar alkalumma sun bayyana ne daga gabashin Tekun Atlantika da Bay na Biscay har zuwa Azores. Matasa mutane galibi ana samunsu a cikin masifar teku, kuma mafi yawan mackerels suna yaduwa a cikin ruwa mai zurfi.
An rarraba wakilan nau'ikan jinsunan mackerel na gabas a cikin yanayi mai zafi, wurare masu zafi da ruwa mai rarrafe. A kan iyakar ƙasar Rasha, ana samun yawan wannan nau'in a kusa da tsibirin Kuril. A lokacin rani, ƙaura ta yanayi ta yanayi zuwa ruwa tana faruwa, waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin ɗumiar yanayi, waɗanda za su iya faɗaɗa yanki mai rarraba yanayi.
Atlantic mackerel wani yanki ne da ke cike da arewa maso gabashin Tekun Atlantika, wanda ya hada da gabashin tekun daga tsibirin Canary zuwa Iceland, kuma ana samun shi a yankin Baltic, Rum, Arewa, Black da Marmara Teas. A gefen gabar yamma, ana samun masarar ta Atlantic daga Cape North Carolina zuwa Labrador. Manyan mutane sukan shiga yayin lokacin ƙaura zuwa lokacin bazara zuwa cikin Tekun Fasha. An sami mafi yawan mutanen mackerel na Atlantika a kudu maso yammacin gabar ruwa na Ireland.
Abincin Mackerel
Mackerels ƙwararrun dabbobin ruwa ne. Matasa kifi suna ciyar da abinci akan ruwa mai tace ruwa, da ƙananan crustaceans. Manya sun fi son squid da ƙananan kifi a matsayin ganima. Wakilan kwayoyin halittar suna ciyar da rana ne ko a almuru.
Dalilin abincin abincin wakilan nau'in nau'in mackerel na Jafananci ana wakilta mafi yawan lokuta ta manyan gungu na ƙananan dabbobi da ke zaune a wuraren ciyarwa:
- euphausiids
- mai hanawa
- kabarin
- karafarini
- salma
- polychaete
- dunƙule
- karamin kifi
- caviar da larvae kifi.
Akwai canjin yanayi a abinci. Daga cikin wadansu abubuwa, manyan maskerel suna ciyar da kifi musamman. Daga cikin manyan mutane cannibalism ne sau da yawa ana lura.
Abin ban sha'awa ne! Predan ƙaramin jirgin ruwa mai iya magana mara nauyi ne, amma wakilan nau'in mackerel na Australiya suna da mafi kyawun ci, wanda, a cikin yanayin yunwar, suna iya yin gudu ba tare da tunani ba ko da kan ƙugiyar kifi ba tare da ƙugiya ba.
A lokacin da ka kaiwa hari ganima, mackerel ya jefa. Misali, mackerel na Atlantika a cikin 'yan dakikoki biyu yana da ikon haɓaka saurin motsi na nisan mil 70-80 / h. Maharbar ruwa ta farauta, tana cikin ɓarna. Wani abu don farauta don garken tumaki shine galibi hamsa da sandstones, da sprats. Hadin gwiwar manya da wakilan kwayar halittar halittar yara ke haifar da ganima har ya kai ga ruwa. Sau da yawa wasu mazan ruwa masu girma ruwa-ruwa, da kuma ciyayin teku, suna haɗuwa da abincin.
Kiwo da zuriya
Gwagwarmayar makarantar ta keɓaɓɓiyar yanayin zafi yana fara zuwa cikin shekara ta biyu na rayuwa. Haka kuma, mutane da suka manyanta suna iya haihuwar zuriya duk shekara har sai sun kai shekara goma sha takwas zuwa ashirin. Mafi yawan mackerel da suka manyanta sun fara zubo a tsakiyar lokacin bazara. Individuals matasa matasa suna yin zalunci ga haifuwa ne kawai a ƙarshen watan Yuni. Balagagge mackerels rarrabu caviar. Ana aiwatar da tsarin kiwo a cikin ruwan dumi na gabar teku lokacin lokacin bazara-bazara.
Mackerels na dukkan nau'ikan jinsin suna da ƙarfi. Dukkan wakilai na kifi Bacilli na kifi, dangin mackerel, da tsarin mackerel ana nuna su ta hanyar yawan haihuwa, saboda haka, manyan mutane suna barin kusan rabin miliyan ƙwai waɗanda aka shimfiɗa a zurfin kusan mil 200. Matsakaicin kwai yakai milimita. Kowane kwai ya ƙunshi digo na mai, wanda ke zama abinci a karo na farko don haɓaka da haɓaka cikin sauri.
Abin ban sha'awa ne! Tsawon lokacin da aka kirkiro na larkin mackerel ya dogara kai tsaye ne a cikin kwanciyar hankali, amma akasari yakan bambanta tsakanin ranakun 10-21.
Tsutsa mackerel yana da matukar tayar da hankali da cin nama, saboda haka ya zama mai yiwuwa ga cin naman mutane. Soyayen da suka zo daga ƙwai zuwa cikin duniya ƙanana ne ƙanƙanta, kuma matsakaicinsu, a matsayin mai mulkin, baya wuce doesan santimita. Mackerel soya girma da sauri da kuma sosai rayayye, don haka a farkon kaka da girma da girma dabam na iya ƙara sau uku ko ma fiye da haka. Bayan haka, girman girma na mackerel na jinkiri sosai.
Abokan halitta
Abokan dukkanin wakilan gidan mackerel a cikin yanayin yanayin ruwa suna da yawa, amma zakuna na teku da kwalliya, manyan tuna da kifayen suna haifar da haɗari na musamman ga karamin dansandan. Fishaddamar da kifin pelagic, mafi yawanci ana kiyaye shi a cikin ruwan teku, muhimmiyar haɗi ce a cikin sarkar trophic. Mackerel, ba tare da la'akari da shekaru ba, yana zama ganima mai yawa ba kawai don kifin da ake dasu ba, har ma ga wasu dabbobi masu shayarwa.
Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu
Musamman na yau da kullun wakilai ne na jinsunan mackerel na Jafananci, waɗanda kewayensu ke zaune a tekun dukkan tekuna. Mafi yawan jama'ar mackerel sun fi yawa ne a cikin ruwan Tekun Arewa.
Sakamakon girman ƙwayar haihuwa, yawan jama'arta yana tsayawa a tsayayyen matakin, duk da mahimmancin kamun kifin na shekara-shekara.
Hakanan zai kasance mai ban sha'awa:
Har zuwa yau, yawan duk membobin gidan mackerel da asalin asalin mackerel suna haifar da ƙarancin damuwa. Duk da cewa dukkan nau'ikan nau'ikan jinsin sun mamaye su, amma a halin yanzu akwai fifikon jinsin daya jinsin daya a yankin kasa.
Kifi na kamun kifi
Mackerel kifi ne na kasuwanci mai mahimmanci.. An bambanta wakilan kowane nau'ikan ta wajen mai yawan nama mai ƙiba, mai wadataccen abinci na bitamin “B12”, ba tare da ƙananan duwatsu ba, mai taushi da daɗi. Boiled da soyayyen naman mackerel nama sami ɗan kadan daidaito. An kama wakilan nau'in mackerel na Jafananci a cikin ruwan Tekun Pasifik. Japan da Rasha suna ganima akan mackerel na Jafananci galibi a cikin hunturu wuraren gungu.
Ana lura da mafi kyawun kama daga Satumba zuwa Nuwamba. Ana aiwatar da aikin kamun kifin ta hanyar zurfin zurfafa daban-daban, kuma ana aiwatar dasu tare da taimakon jaka da gamsashan raga, gill da raga, ingantattun kayan uede. Kifayen da ke cikin teku sun shiga kasuwar duniya a cikin kyafaffen ice cream, a cikin salted da gwangwani. A halin yanzu Mackerel shine asalin kiwo na kasuwanci a Japan.
Girman girman mackerel
An wakilci Mackerel a kasuwar Rasha a cikin nau'in N / R da B / G
na N / A: 200/400, 300/500, 400/600, 500+, 600+
don b / g: 200+, 250+, 275+, 280+, 300+, 350+
FAT: matsakaicin mai mai shine 27%, a matsakaici, yawan kitsen mai daga 15-18%.
YAWAN CIKIN KYAUTA: galibi daskarewa na bakin teku
Ana gudanar da kamun kifi na Mackerel ta trawls da seines mai zurfi.
Mackerel
Mackerel ya haɗu da halaye waɗanda suke da amfani ga mutum: yana da daɗi, rayuwa cike take da haɓaka sosai. Wannan yana ba ku damar kama shi da adadi mai yawa a shekara, kuma a lokaci guda kada ku haifar da lalacewar alumma: sabanin sauran nau'in kifayen da ke fama da kamun kifi na matsakaici, mackerel har ma yana da matukar ƙarfi ko kaɗan.
Siffofi da mazaunin mackerel
Kifin Mackerel, yana cikin tsarin mackerel-like mackerel family. Matsakaicin tsayin jikin wannan halittar na dabba mai ruwa ya kai 30 cm, amma a yanayi, ana samun yawancin mutane fiye da sau biyu, sun kai zuwa kilogiram 2.
Koyaya, ƙananan samfurori na iya yin awo 300 kawai. Shugaban kifin yana da siffar mazugi, siffar jikin yana kama da ƙwanƙwasa, an rufe shi da ƙananan sikeli, a ɓangaren wutsiya an gyara shi kuma an matsa shi daga bangarorin. Launin jikin mutum azurfa ne, mai alamar duhu mai raɗaɗi, rawaya yana da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi.
Baya ga abin da ya saba: dorsal da pectoral, mackerel yana da layuka biyar na ƙarin ƙashin ƙyallen fata, wanda wutsiya ke yadu sosai. Kamar yawancin 'yan uwa na mackerel, a cikin irin wannan kifin yana yiwuwa a bambanta zoben kashi a idanu. An nuna hancin waɗannan dabbobin ruwa, hakora suna da kyau kuma ƙanƙane kaɗan.
Mackerels sun kasu gida hudu. Daga cikin nau'in mackerel Afirka ta isa mafi girma masu girma dabam. Tsawon irin waɗannan mutane zai iya zama daidai da cm 63, yayin da nauyin zai iya wuce kilo biyu.
Mafi karami (44 cm da 350 g) shudi ne ko mackerel na Jafananci. Bugu da kari, daga nau'in nau'ikan kifin nan an san su: talakawa Atlantika da Ostiraliya. Mackerels ya mamaye yankin teku wanda ya bazu zuwa duk sassan duniya ban da Tekun Arctic. Siffar irin wannan kifayen suna iyo a cikin tekuna daban-daban, alal misali, ƙaura zuwa ruwan White, kazalika mackerel zaune a cikin zurfin ciki na Baltic, Marmara, Black da sauran tekuna.
Asalin gani da kwatancin
Kakannin kifaye sun bayyana lokaci mai tsawo - shekaru miliyan 500 da suka gabata. Abu na farko da ya kasance ingantacce shine pikaya, wata halitta santimita santimita 2-3 a ciki, tana kama da tsutsa fiye da kifi. Pikaya ba shi da ƙege, sai ta yi rawar jiki, tana jingina jikin.Kuma bayan dogon zamani ne halittun farko masu kama da na zamani suka bayyana.
Wannan ya faru a farkon lokacin Triassic, a lokaci guda wani nau'in haske-finned, wanda mackerel nasa ne. Kodayake mafi tsufa daga cikin hasken-haske sosai kuma sun sha bamban da na zamani, abubuwan da ake amfani da su na ilimin halitta ya kasance iri ɗaya ne. Kuma duk da haka, kifayen-rayutan zamanin Mesozoic kusan dukkansu sun lalace, kuma halittun da suke zaune a duniyar yanzu sun riga sun wanzu a zamanin Paleogene.
Ina mackerel yake zaune?
Hoto: Kifi Mackerel
Kowane jinsi na wannan kifin yana da nasa kewayon, kodayake a bangare sun mamaye.:
- Ana samun mackerel ta Atlantika a Arewacin Atlantika, kuma ana samun ta a Tekun Bahar Rum. A cikin lokutan dumi zai iya isa Tekun Bahar Maliya, kuma mafi yawan a Arewa,
- Har ila yau, mackerel na Afirka yana zaune a cikin Atlantika, amma zuwa kudu, adadinsu yana tsaka-tsaki, ya fara daga Bayyar Biscay. Hakanan ana iya samunsa a tsibirin Canary da kuma rabin kudanci na Tekun Bahar. Mafi yawanci a Tekun Bahar Rum, musamman a yankin kudu. Ana samun ƙananan kifi har zuwa Kongo, amma manya suna iyo zuwa arewa,
- Mackerel Jafananci suna zaune a gabashin gabar gabashin Asiya da kewayen Japan, tsibirin Indonesia, a gabashin ana iya samun har zuwa Hawaii,
- Ana samun mackerel ta Australiya a bakin tekun Australia, haka kuma New Guinea, Philippines, Hainan da Taiwan, Japan, sun bazu zuwa arewa har zuwa tsibirin Kuril. Hakanan za'a iya samun nesa daga babban kewayawa: a cikin Bahar Maliya, Gulf of Aden da kuma Tekun Bahar Rum. Kodayake ana aiwatar da kamun kifi na wannan nau'in, ana kimanta shi a ƙasa Jafananci.
Kamar yadda kake gani, mackerel yana zaune ne a cikin ruwa mai tsaka mai zafi: yayi ƙanana da yayi nisa zuwa arewa, a tekun Tekun Arctic, kuma a cikin tsaunin zafi mai tsananin zafi. A lokaci guda, duk da haka, dumamar ruwan waɗancan tekuna da suke rayuwa a ciki ya sha bamban. Wannan ya faru ne saboda ƙaura lokacin yanayi: yana motsawa zuwa wuraren da ruwa yake a yanayin zafi sosai (10-18 ° C).
Kusan kawai kifin da ke zaune a tekun Indiya ba su yi ƙaura ba: a can yanayin ruwan yake canza kadan a cikin shekara, saboda haka babu buƙatar ƙaura. Wasu alƙaluma suna yin ƙaura zuwa nesa mai nisa, misali, Mackerel Black Sea na yin iyo a cikin arewacin tekun Atlantika a cikin hunturu - godiya ga raƙuman ruwan zafi, ruwan da yake akwai ya ragu sosai. Lokacin bazara ta zo, tana yin tafiya mai kyau.
Yanzu kun san inda aka samo mackerel. Bari mu ga abin da wannan kifin ya ci.
Me mackerel yake ci?
Hoto: Mackerel a cikin ruwa
Tushen wannan kifin ya hada:
Duk da yake mackerel karami ne, yawanci yakan cinye plankton: yana tace ruwa kuma yana cin kananan crinkacewan da suke ciki. Hakanan yana ciyarwa akan ƙananan dunƙule, larvae, kwari da makamantan ƙananan dabbobi, ba tare da yin babban bambanci tsakanin su ba.
Amma kuma ana iya tsunduma cikin tsinkaye: farautar nau'ikan ƙananan kifaye. Mafi sau da yawa, yana ciyar da ƙirar matasa ko yayyafa daga kifi. Irin wannan menu shine mafi halayyar tsohuwar kifi mai tsufa, kuma tare da shoals zai iya kai hari har ma da manyan ganima.
Hakanan babbar makarantar mackerel zata iya ganima a makarantun sauran kifayen da suke ƙoƙarin tserewa ta ƙaura zuwa saman ruwa. Sannan rikice-rikice yakan fara ne: mackerel da kansu ke farauta ga ƙananan kifaye, tsuntsaye sun nutse a kansu, dabbobin ruwa da sauran manyan masu farauta suna iyo da hayaniyar.
Mackerel soya sau da yawa suna cin dangin kansu. Kodayake cin naman mutane ne na kowa a cikin manya: mafi girma kifi sau da yawa suna cin abinci na yara. Duk mackerels suna da abinci mai kyau, amma ya fi na Ostiraliya, an san wannan kifin don wani lokacin jefa kansa ko da ƙugiya, don haka ya cika duk abin da bai dace ba.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Mackerel za a iya yin soyayyar shi, amma ba mai sauki ba saboda iyawar sa da ƙarfi. Tana iya tashi daga ƙugiya, ya cancanci ɗan gatan - saboda masu sha'awar wasan kamun kifi suna son ta. Amma ba za ku iya tarar da shi daga bakin teku ba, kuna buƙatar yin haka daga jirgin ruwan, kuma ya fi dacewa ku sauka daga kan tekun da kyau.
Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa
Hoto: Tekun Mackerel
Aiki da rana da yamma, ku huta da dare. Lokacin farauta don wasu kifayen, sukan yi jifa da kwatsam, mafi yawan lokuta daga bakin ruwa. A yayin irin wannan takaice, suna da damar cimma ruwa sosai, don haka yana da matukar wahala a rabu da su.
Kifi na pelagic, wato, galibi yana rayuwa ne a wani zurfin ruwa. Yana zaune a cikin kayan farashi, kuma wani lokacin gauraye: ban da mackerel kansu, yana iya haɗa da sardines da wasu kifayen. Sun yi farauta biyu a fakitoci kuma daban-daban. Lokacin farauta tare, makarantun ƙananan kifi sau da yawa suna tashi zuwa ƙasa, inda mackerels ke ci gaba da bin su.
Sakamakon haka, wasu mafarautan ruwa na ruwa, masu sha'awar abin da ke faruwa, kuma tsuntsayen, da farko jigilar tsuntsaye, suna zuwa wasa - saboda haka wasu kifayen daga mafarauta sun zama ganima, saboda sun rasa fa'ida yayin da suke ƙoƙarin kama wasu kifin.
Amma duk wannan ya shafi lokacin dumi. Don watanni da yawa na hunturu, mackerel ya canza salon rayuwarsa kuma ya faɗi cikin wani irin rashin fata. Kodayake wannan ba za a iya kira cikakken rashin isasshe ba, kifayen sun taru a manyan kungiyoyi a cikin rami na hunturu, kuma na dogon lokaci ya kasance ba tare da motsi ba - wanda ke nufin basa cin komai.
Mackerel yana zaune tsawon lokaci - 15-18 shekaru, wani lokacin shekaru 22-23. Yana girma da sannu a hankali tare da shekaru, mafi kyawun shekaru don kamun kifi shine shekaru 10-12 - a wannan lokacin ya kai girman girma, naman kuma ya zama mai daɗi.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Mackerels suna zaune a makarantu, duka daga kifi iri ɗaya ne, kuma gauraya, mafi yawan lokuta tare da herring, saboda yawanci ana haɗasu tare. Kifi iri ɗaya ya ƙaru a cikin makarantu, galibi kifayen da shekarunsu ke da shekaru 10-15, ƙananan kuwa suna fitowa a cikinsu. Spawns daga shekara ta biyu, bayan wannan yana yin shi a shekara. Mafi yawan mackerels da suka kai shekaru 10-15 sune farkon waɗanda suka tsallake, a cikin yawan mutanen Atlantika hakan yana faruwa a watan Afrilu. Sa'an nan a hankali ƙarami mutane je zuwa spawning, da sauransu har zuwa makonni na ƙarshe na Yuni, lokacin da kifi shekara 1-2 shekaru spawn.
Sakamakon haifuwa ta shekara da yawan ƙwai da ake wanka a lokaci guda (kusan 500,000 ƙwai kowace ɗaya), mackerel ana buge da sauri, kuma duk da yawan barazanar da kama masana'antu, akwai da yawa daga cikinsu. Don tsallakewa, kifin ya shiga cikin ruwa mai sanyi daga bakin teku, amma a lokaci guda yana zaɓar wuri mai zurfi kuma yana sanya ƙwai a zurfin na 150-200 m. Wannan yana ba da kariya ga yawancin masu cin abincin caviar, gami da wasu kifayen waɗanda ba sa iyo sosai.
Qwai ƙananan, kusan milimita a diamita, amma ban da tayi, kowane ɗayan ma yana da ɗigon kitse, wanda zai iya ci da farko. Bayan mackerel ya tsallake, sai ya tafi, amma qwai na bukatar kwanuka 10-20 na kwanaki domin tsutsa ta samu. Ainihin lokacin ya dogara da sigogin ruwan, da farko zazzabirsa, saboda mackerel ɗin yana ƙoƙarin zaɓar wani wuri mai zafi don tsananin sanyi.
Kadai tare da tsutsa da aka haife shi lokaci guda basu da kariya ga masu hasashen, kuma suna matukar tayar da hankali. Tana kaiwa duk wani abu da karami da alama yana da rauni, kuma yakan cinye ganima idan har ta sami nasarar shawo kanta - to abincinta yana da ban mamaki. Ciki har da ci irin nasu. Lokacin da tsutsa ya bayyana kawai mm 3 mm, amma, cin abinci sosai, ya fara girma da sauri. Tunda babu wadataccen abinci ga kowa, yawancinsu suna mutuwa a wannan lokacin, amma ragowar sun girma zuwa 4-5 cm ta faɗuwar - duk da haka, har yanzu suna kanana ƙanana da marasa ƙarfi.
Bayan wannan, lokacin mafi girman haɓakar aiki ya wuce, kifayen sun zama marasa jini, kuma yadda suke nuna halayensu kuma suna fara kama da manya. Amma ko da mackerels sun fara yin jima'i, girman su har yanzu ƙarami ne, kuma suna ci gaba da haɓaka.
Yadda za a dafa mackerel
Mackerel kifi ne wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a masana'antar abinci. Kuma an ba ta wuri na musamman a dafa abinci, tunda mackerel – kifin lafiya. Yawan kitse na nama na waɗannan dabbobin ruwa mai saurin gaske yayi yawa har ya kai 16.5%, sabili da haka irin waɗannan kifayen kifi, saboda kasancewar kitse, suna da wadatar abinci sosai. Bugu da kari, naman mackerel mai daɗi ne, mai taushi, baya da ƙananan ƙasusuwa, saboda haka ana iya rarrabewa da shi cikin sauƙi, mai wadataccen furotin mai narkewa da bitamin B12.
Nama Mackerel nama iri ne mai daraja. Akwai wadataccen abinci masu ban mamaki waɗanda za a iya yin daga wannan kifin. Sabili da haka da amfani a rayuwar yau da kullun da kuma don tebur na idi girke-girken mackerel, kuma an ƙirƙira babban adadin.
Irin wannan nama ana gasa a cikin tanda tare da kayan lambu, pickled, sanya a cikin batter, shayar da fadi da yawa a biredi, cushe da bakin-watering toppings, soyayyen cutlets da dafa nama. Koyaya, irin wannan samfurin yana da wasu fasali. Gaskiyar ita ce, ƙanshin ko da mackerel sabo ne ainihin takamaiman.
Abin da ya sa matan aure masu fasaha, don ƙirƙirar jita-jita masu daɗi daga mackerel, dole ne su koma ga wasu dabaru. Kafin dafa abinci, naman wannan kifin galibi ana marin shi cikin busasshen farin giya, vinegar, lemun tsami ko lemun tsami don yanke ƙyamar warin da ba'a so. Saboda dalilai iri ɗaya, yana yiwuwa a yayyafa naman kifi tare da ganye mai ƙanshi.
Filin Mackerel cikin sauƙi an rarraba shi zuwa bangarorin semicircular. Irin wannan naman ya kamata a gasa shi ta hanyar rufe shi cikin tsare. Soyayyen mackerel da aka soya da ƙamshi yana da hasara cewa tana jujjuya littlean kadan, saboda tana sauƙaƙe kitse da ke ciki. Kuma wannan wani dalili ne na marin naman ta kafin dafa abinci.
Samfurin da aka ambata an fi amfani dashi sabo. Kuma ba a ke so a yi amfani da mackerel daskararre a karo na biyu. A cikin akwati na karshen, kitsen da ke cikin naman na iya gudu daga rancid. Kuma alamar cewa hakan ta riga ta faru sune rawaya da ke bayyana akan gawa.