Koi irin kifin ko kifin carp wani sabon abu ne wanda aka wakilci dangin kifi. Preari daidai, irin kifin guda ɗaya, ana samun shi ta amfani da tsayayyun zaɓi kawai. Ana la'akari da Koi kawai waɗancan kifayen da suka shude ta hanyar kiwo 6 kuma a cikin bayyanar sun cika dukkan buƙatu da ka'idoji, daga cikinsu ana biyan babban kulawa ga gwargwadon kai da ƙonewa ga jiki, haɗuwa da girman launuka masu launi, lafiyar mutum.
Akwai koi iri 100, amma manyan kungiyoyi 16 ne kawai aka rarrabe su: kohaku, tante, asagi, ogon, becco, utsurimono, koromo, kavarimono, kinginrin, gosiki, hikari-moemono, shusui, doitsu-gori, kumonryu, seva sanseku, taisa sanseku .
Consideredaƙƙarfan kwandon rago suna ɗauka su zama kandami ne maimakon kifin kifin, kamar yadda girman su zai iya kai 90cm. A Japan, koi na gaske ana ɗauka babban kifi ne tare da girman aƙalla 70 cm. Yawan rayuwar koi yana da matukar muhimmanci - a cewar wasu majiyoyin, wadannan kifayen suna da damar rayuwa sama da shekaru 70. Koyaya, yawancin masu binciken ruwa ba sa haɗa mahimmancin abubuwan da ke da mahimmanci don rayuwar jin daɗi na katako, sabili da haka sun yi imani cewa rayuwarsu ta al'ada kusan shekaru 30 ne.
Yanayi
Duk da cewa kifin kifin ba shi da ƙima sosai kuma yana da saurin kamun kifi, wannan ba ya kama da irin wanda ya fara ci gaba da karatun kifin.
Da farko - girman akwatin kifin ko kandami. Volumearamar ƙaramar akwatin kifin don wasu ma'aurata shine 1000 l, domin kandami zurfin ba ƙasa da 1.5 m ba, kuma idan ana tsammanin koi hunturu a cikin tafkin, to yakamata a ƙara zuwa 1.7-2 m.
Da muhimmanci sosai aeration da kuma tace ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye da kuma a kandami. Game da na biyu: a lokacin rani, ya kamata a saukar da masu siyarwa zuwa ƙasa kuma ya kamata a rage girman iska, don lokacin hunturu dole ne a ɗaga su zuwa kusan 80cm kuma ya kamata a rage rafi.
Za'a zaɓi matattara don tsabtatawa mai ƙarfi, na waje, tare da sharadin tsabtace matakai biyu. Ana lissafta girman matatun a cikin tafkunan kamar haka - yankin farfajiyar shine kusan kashi 30% na yankin tafkin. A cikin ƙananan tafkuna, yin tacewa yakamata a sami cikakken sake zagayowar sau 5-6, kuma a cikin manyan tafkuna ɗaya cikakken sake zagayen zai isa. Kada kuyi fatan cewa tafkunan “zai yi haka”, kandami shine rufin rufewa, ba ruwa mai gudana wanda ruwa da sauri ke tsayawa, koi manyan kifi ne da ke haifar da abubuwa da yawa.
Ya kamata ku kula da yawan zafin jiki a hankali. Mafi kyawu - 20-25 ° C, mai haƙuri - 4-30 ° C, amma idan ya tabbata. Duk wani zazzabi mai kaifi yayi mummunan tasiri koi kuma yakan haifar da jinkirin mutuwar dabbobi masu kiba. Idan, saboda kowane dalili, kuna buƙatar canza yawan zafin jiki na ruwa a cikin tanki, ku tuna cewa an ba shi izinin rage shi da sama da 3 ° C kowace rana, kuma ya ƙara ƙaruwa sama da 5 ° C.
Acidity na ruwa ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 7рН, tsaurin ya yi ƙasa - 3-7 ° dH.
Ana yin canje-canje na ruwa a mako-mako, yana maye gurbin 10% na ƙara. Wannan dokar ta shafi wuraren ruwa da tafkunan.
Haske mai tsananin zafi ne ko matsakaici, amma tilas ne ya yadu, ba tare da haskoki kai tsaye ba. A kandami na bazara dole ne a rufe fuska. Kullum bayyanar da hasken rana kai tsaye na iya lalata lafiyar koi kifin.
Soasa don tafkuna da aquariums tare da koi dole ne a zaɓi kyakkyawan zagaye, ba tare da gefuna mai kaifi ba, kamar yadda kifin ke ƙaunarsa kuma yana iya yin rauni.
Tsire-tsire suna buƙatar tsaftace su sosai a ƙasan ko zaɓi jinsin da ke da tushe sosai, in ba haka ba za a tono su ba da izini ba. Ya kamata kada ku mamaye kandami ko tafki tare da kifin kifin tare da tsire-tsire na akwatin kifaye, ana bada shawara don barin ɓangaren ƙasa kyauta.
A cikin yanayin yayin da kake jigilar koi ko motsa su na ɗan lokaci, ana ba da shawarar rufe tankuna da tafkunan tare da murfi da fari, in ba haka ba kifin na iya tsalle.
Ciyar da abinci
Lokacin ciyar da kyu carps, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa abincin ya bambanta da daidaita. Abinci na raye-raye da daskararre (cututtukan jini, huɗun iska, artemia, frog roe) da ciyarwar masana'antu na musamman don kayan karko sun dace kamar abinci. Abincin saman kayan lambu ana maraba da su.
Lura cewa sau da yawa a cikin ciyarwar masana'antu akwai mai haɓaka launi, ana iya ba da irin wannan abincin ga kifi na manya, amma ga ƙananan dabbobi ya fi kyau zaɓi wani abu, tunda masu haɓaka suna cutar da hanta mai rauni kuma suna iya cutar da lafiyar dabbobi.
Yawan abinci a kowace rana ya dogara da yanayi na yanayi (ruwa). Sama sama da zazzabi, da mafi sau da yawa ana buƙatar abinci. Idan zazzabi ya wuce 23 ° C, to ciyarwa ana yin ta sau uku ko sau hudu a cikin rana, 18-23 ° C - sau biyu a rana, 10-18 ° C - sau ɗaya, zai fi kyau da safe. Lokacin da zafin jiki ya sauka ƙasa 8 ° C, zai fi kyau mu guji ciyarwa, tunda abinci a cikin koi bai narke ba.
Kiwo
Halin koi kifin zai yiwu ne kawai lokacin da aka sa a cikin tafkunan, har ma sai kawai bayan halittar yanayin zama dole, kusancinsu ga na halitta. Kawai waɗancan kifayen waɗanda suka kai girman 23 cm ko fiye sun sami damar fantsama. Maza na iya zama masu samarwa daga shekaru 2-3, mata suna balaga jima'i kaɗan - daga shekaru 3-4. Zai yi wuya a rarrabe namiji daga mace koi daga baya, akasarin masu shayarwa sun bambance su ta hanyar dubura.
Incarfafawa zuwa spawn shine raguwar hankali, sannan karuwa a yawan zafin jiki na ruwa. Idan koi hibernated a 10 ° C, to spawning zai fara a 17-18 ° C, idan aka kiyaye shi a cikin ruwa mai zafi, da bi, zazzabi na spawning zai zama mafi girma. Caviar maturation a cikin mace shima ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki - sama da yawan zafin jiki, matashin sauri yana faruwa.
Karkatattun dabbobi suna tsallakewa cikin ruwa mai zurfi, don haka idan a cikin yanayin al'ada suke zama a cikin wani tafki mai zurfi, sannan don kiwo zasu buƙaci tanki mai cike da nisan kusan 80 cm, tare da cakuda mai cike da ruwa mai laushi mai kyau, a baya yana da kyau a rana. Tabbatar an rufe yankin da yake saman daga sama tare da zangon kariya domin kifayen ba zato ba tsammani su tsallake.
Ciyarwa tana faruwa ne tsakanin kwana ɗaya zuwa biyu bayan an ɗora masu kera a cikin ƙasa. Idan tsintsayen ba ta faru ba, kifayen ba su riga sun shirya ba kuma ya kamata a komar da su wuraren da suka saba. Idan spawning ya yi nasara, to maza an koma cikin ruwan da aka gama, amma ya kamata a adana mace daban daban aan kwanaki.
Abubuwan shakatawa na filaye tare da inuwa na caviar, a hankali suna kara haɓakawa. Yin kiyayya yana ɗaukar kwanaki 2. Ana buƙatar ƙarin daysan kwanaki don tsutsa ya juya zuwa soya. Abincin da ke farawa don soya shine “ƙura a raye”, ciliates, rotifers, a cikin matsanancin yanayi, ƙanƙan kwaya mai wuya. Bayan 'yan kwanaki bayan haka, lokacin da yaran suka sami ƙarfi, suka fara bayar da abinci na musamman ga matasa.
Yayin da soya ke girma, sai su fara samar da abubuwan da ake bukata na kiwo, saboda abin da sabbin koi zai bayyana.
Bayanin
Kifin koi na Jafananci manya ne, mutum mai shekaru biyar ya kai 80 cm kuma sama da kilo 15. Ana kimanta Koi bisa ga wasu sigogi na waje. Kifin yana da matuƙar godiya idan yana da sifofi iri-iri da girma na kowane ɓangaren jiki, kuma yana da daidaitaccen tsarin launi.
Launin kifin ya bambanta dangane da matsayinsu. Babban inuwa sune fari, rawaya, shuɗi, cream, ja, baki. Haske mai launi na kifi yana shafar kai tsaye ta hanyar ciyar da kifin kifi, ingancin ruwa da hasken rana. A cikin akwatin kifaye masu fili, koi zai bayyana cikakkiyar launinsu.
Kwakwalwar Koi suna da ƙoshin lafiya, ba su da ma'ana a cikin kulawa, kwantar da hankali da aiki Koi sun iya bambance launuka, ƙanshin da dandano, waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin horo. Zasu iya yin bacci a gefensu kuma suna son abokin tarayya ɗaya. Karkatai suna rayuwa tsawon rai, a cikin akwatin kifaye har zuwa shekaru 30, amma a cikin yanayi na dabi'a matsakaicin shekarun koi ya kai shekaru 50.
Koi kifin suna zama mafi kyau a cikin tafki, ajiye su a gida yana yiwuwa a babban akwatin kifaye na lita 800-1000. Kifayen suna da halin kirki, suna amfani da su ga jama'a, suna ba ku damar ciyar da su da hannuwanku har ma ku taɓa su. Babban mahimmancin yanayin aikin kifin shine tsabtace ruwa, don haka ya kamata a kula da aikin injiniyan hankali da nazarin halittun ruwa.
Sigogi na ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye: zazzabi 15-28 ° С, acidity 7.5, oxygen 4 mg / l, tauri har zuwa 15 °. Ya kamata a zaɓi sautin ƙasa ya bambanta da inuwa na koi, domin jan kayu mai duhu madaidaiciya ya dace, da kuma farar fata don kifayen farin. Ingantaccen amfani da yashi, da waina da tsakuwa. Karkuna suna zama a kasan ruwa.
Ana buƙatar tsire-tsire mai ƙarfi; ana iya dasa shi cikin dazuzzukan daji daban. Wani sedge, arrowhead, da chastochka sun dace sosai. pinnate, Elodea ƙarin hanyoyin nazarin halittar ruwa, kuma ƙarshe abinci koi. Zurfin akwatin kifayen ya dogara da tsarin zazzabi da ke kewaye da yankin, a cikin yanayin dumin yanayi ya isa a zurfin 50-70 cm, kuma yakamata a kifar da kifi a cikin rufaffiyar ɗaki mai rufi ko an shirya tafkin.
Kulawar sanyi
Buka kifin katako a cikin wani mawuyacin yanayi, musamman a cikin kandami, ya kamata a samar da mahimmancin yanayin rayuwarsu na jin daɗi a cikin hunturu. Zazzabi mafi karancin ruwa a lokacin sanyi shine + 4 ° C. Cikakkun kyankyasai ya kamata ya faru a wuri mai kariya daga sanyi ko an rufe shi da tushe na polyethylene. A cikin tafkin, ana yin yankan hunturu a cikin ramin hunturu na zurfin mita 1.5 zurfi, inda ake kashe matatun, kuma an huda ramuka da yawa a kan kankara. Wajibi ne a tsabtace waɗannan ramuka a kai a kai domin ci gaban kankara, samar da wadatar wuta da na'urar dumama domin kar su ɗaure. Hakanan ana amfani da Koi hunturu tare da rage yawan ci, wanda zai farka ne kawai a lokacin bazara. A matsayin abinci, kifi zai yi amfani da algae. Tare da raguwa a cikin zafin jiki, katunan suna shirya don suttura kuma dakatar da tsarin narkewa. A cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye, hunturu na kifin zai zama mafi sauƙi kuma zai buƙaci ƙasa da ƙoƙari daga mai shi.
Yarbuwa
A gefen asalin koi, sauran kifayen ba su da ma'anar fahimta, amma akwai wasu nau'in halittun da suka dace da su kamar maƙwabta. Psaurayen da aka canjawa wuri daga kandami zuwa cikin akwatin kifayen da farko suna nuna kulawa tare da taka tsantsan, ɓoye kuma suna jin tsoro. Matasa suna daidaitawa da sauri da sauri. Ana iya saurin daidaitawa ta hanyar dasa comets ko shubunkins a garesu.
Koi carps suna haɗuwa sosai tare da maƙwabta irin su mustard, plecostomus, trout, catfish, mollies, goldfish, minnows, pecilia, sunfish. Wakilan kananan kifayen kamar zebrafish da gawawwakin gawawwaki a ƙarshe za'a ci su.
Koi kifayen ba kawai adon wani akwatin kifaye bane ko kandami ba, maigidan zai yi zurfin alaƙa da abokai tare da waɗannan dabbobin, waɗanda ke da basira mai ban mamaki da halaye masu ban sha'awa. Tsawon zaman lafiya, saukin kulawa a gida da kuma tsinkayen su zasu baka damar jin dadin koi jama'a na tsawon lokaci.
Kiwo
Cikakken sutturar kifin katako yana yiwuwa ne kawai a cikin tafkunan, inda suke girma da girma. Ya kamata ka san cewa kifayen suna yin kaurin suna wajen caviar da soya, za su iya cinye su.
A cikin yanayi, kifi ya fara sa a lokacin bazara da bazara, tare da kara yawan zafin jiki. A cikin akwatin kifaye, za a iya daidaita yawan zafin jiki a wucin gadi, amma yanayin akwatin kifaye bai dace da cikakken kiwo ba. Matsakaicin zafin jiki don spawning shine digiri 20. Koyaya, spawning a cikin aquariums kusan ba zai yiwu ba, saboda haka suna rayuwa ba tare da wani zuriya ba. Tsawon rayuwar karnuka shekaru 70-100 ne, a bude tafukan sun kai 90 cm.
Kyakya koi yana daya daga cikin kyawawan kifin ornamental a cikin kandami da akwatin kifaye. Mashahuri har wa yau saboda yanayin salama, ƙauna ga masu shi da rashin daidaituwa a cikin abun ciki.
A cikin tafkin wucin gadi
Wurin kandami shine mafi kyawun zaɓi ga waɗannan dabbobin, saboda sun girma zuwa 50-70 cm, kuma mafi kyawun su ma zasu iya kaiwa mita 1. Gabaɗaya, katunan motoci suna buƙatar tabbatar da waɗannan:
Babban girma tanki. Imumarancin girma shine 3 m a tsawon, 2.5 a faɗi kuma 1.5 a tsawo. A matsayinka na tushen, zaka iya ɗaukar duka biyu na kankare da ruwa mai hana ruwa. A bu mai kyau a sanya murfin a cikin wani wuri mai natsuwa, inda haskokin rana ba su faɗi yawa, maƙwabta na kusa, da dai sauransu.
Kayan aiki. Filarfafa ƙarfi yana da mahimmanci, duka injiniyoyi da ƙirar halitta. Yin amfani da farko, za a cire abubuwa masu yawa, datti, kayayyakin sharar kifaye, da sauransu. Na biyu ya zama dole don kula da kwayar halitta. Sarakunan ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani za su lalata ammoniya cikin nitrites wanda aka saki daga abinci, feces da ganye mai narkewa. Sauran yankuna, biyun, suna aiwatar da nitrites zuwa cikin nitrates, wanda ya rigaya yayi matsayin taki don tsirrai masu rai. Balaga ya wajaba kawai idan kandami ya cika cunkoson kuma dabbobin ba su da isasshen iskar oxygen,
Kyakkyawan hunturu. Karkuna a cikin sanyi lokacin sanyi, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba a canja shi zuwa gidan da suke zaune a cikin akwatin kifaye. Wadannan kifaye suna da ƙarfi sosai har ana iya barin su zuwa hunturu a can a cikin tafkunan. Sunyi haƙuri da zazzabi na har zuwa digiri 4. A wannan halin, metabolism dinsu yana tsayawa, sabili da haka ba shi yiwuwa a ciyar da su (!). Mita da rabi zurfin wajibi ne kawai don ruwan da ke cikin tanki bai daskare gabaɗaya. Lantan ruwan kanan yana buƙatar rufe. Wannan zai kare shi daga ruwan sama mai yawan gaske, masu kaddara kuma zasu taimaka ci gaba da yanayin zafi ko kadan.
Shuke-shuke. Nan kusa zaka iya dasa bushesan da suke son danshi. Waɗannan su ne wasu irises, sedge, arrowhead. A cikin kandami kanta, masu nombr na nymphaea daidai (ita ruwan Lily ruwa). Bushesasashe masu yawa za su ba da inuwa kuma su zama mafaka ga dabbobi.
Akwatin kifaye
Yawanci, kifayen kifi ba a cikin irin waɗannan tanki; sun fi son sarari sosai. Bugu da ƙari, suna da irin wannan sifa mai launi wanda ya fi kyau a dube su daga sama, kuma ba daga gefe ba. Idan kuna son wakilan manyan launuka masu launi da launuka masu kyau, muna bada shawara ku sami kifin gwal. Sun girma babba sosai, kuma zasu gamsar da mai shi tsawon shekaru. Bugu da kari, yawancin nau'ikan suna da gajeru jiki, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa waɗannan dabbobin basu dace da dabbobin ba. Abubuwan da kawai aka ware sune comets.
Idan kana son samun kifin, to, mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin ikon ya zama akalla lita 500. Gabaɗaya, dole ne mu ci gaba daga wasu ma'auni. Don 1 santimita na jikin mutum ya zama 5 lita. Wato, kifi rabin-rabi zai ji dadi a lita 250. A cikin "rabin-tan" za'a iya dasa ma'aurata biyu.
Hakanan wajibi ne don siyo mai kyau, saboda waɗannan dabbobin suna ƙirƙirar nauyi mai ƙarfi akan ma'aunin ƙwayoyin halitta. Fiye da wannan, wannan ya zama irin kayan aikin na waje, tare da tarkace da dama da kuma isasshen iko. Da kyau, kuma a ƙari, ya zama dole don aiwatar da canje-canjen ruwa na mako-mako na akalla 30% na jimlar.
Amma ga ma'aunin ruwa, su ne sakandare. Zazzabi na iya zuwa daga digiri 15 zuwa 30, amma yana iya raguwa. Hardness - matsakaici ko ƙarami a cikin kewayon 3-10, acidity - kusan 7 pH.
Don kula da launi mai kyau, ya zama dole a sanya fitila mai haske a kan akwatin kifaye tare da fitila ko fitilun fitila. Hakanan, kayan aiki irin su sterilizer na ultraviolet bazai zama mai girma ba, wanda zai taimaka kare dabbobi daga wasu ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban.
Gida
Zuriyar daji Amur carp, koi carps ko carcade, sun bi tsarin tsarin kiwo da yawa, suka bazu ko'ina cikin duniya. Jirgin farko ya zo Japan tare da baƙi Sinawa a karni na 14.
Da farko, ana sa kifaye a cikin tafkunan wucin gadi don abinci. A cikin aiwatar da maye gurbi ya bayyana mutane tare da launi wanda bai dace da jinsin ba. Irin waɗannan soyayyun an bar su don dalilai na ado.
Ana iya ganin tafukan farfaji da katako mai launi iri-iri a cikin lambuna masu zaman kansu, wuraren shakatawa na jama'a, kusa da haikalin. Lovean Jafanan suna ƙaunar shakatawa da yin zuzzurfan tunani, suna sha'awar kifin.
Nnamata makiyaya sun gabatar da irin wannan ne a bainar jama'a a yayin bikin nunin shekarar 1914, bayan da masoyan kifayen daga wasu kasashe suka nuna sha'awar yanayin kiyaye kifin koi. Amurkawa da Turawa sun zama masu sane da irin wannan nishaɗin bayan 1945, lokacin da Japan ta buɗe ga duniya.
Koi kifin suna da jikin mutum mai tsawon rai da ke da ƙashin kansa, kai. Wasu ƙananan eriyoyi guda biyu suna bayyane sama da lebe na sama. Wutsiya ba ta da aure.
Samfurori tare da fata mai laushi, bayyananne a sarari, haɗe launukan launi, a ko'ina ana rarraba su akan jiki, suna da daraja.
Abubuwan launuka masu launuka na kayan kifin kwalliya sun bambanta da haske daga tafki, abun da ya dace na ruwan da aka yi amfani da shi tare da abincin rukunin. A cikin tafkunan, dabbobin gida suna girma zuwa 40-100 cm, matsakaita nauyi - 5 kg.
A cikin kwalayen koi na Jafananci, ana ganin dabarun hankali. Tattaunawa kullun sun bambanta mai shi da sauran mutane. Ciyar da hannaye, barin kansu bugun jini, ba tare da fuskantar damuwa ba. Suna nuna kwarewa a horo, sun sami damar aiwatar da ƙungiyoyi 20.
Kifi zauna da zurfin 50 cm daga farfajiya, kar a fada a kasa mita daya da rabi. Suna son kwanciyar hankali da abokantaka, ba sa nuna zalunci. Tare da kulawa da ta dace, tabbatarwa yana rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 30 - 50.
A cikin akwatin kifaye, masu girman kifaye sun fi matsakaici - 20-30 cm, kuma an rage shekarun rayuwa zuwa matsakaicin shekaru 30.
A karkashin yanayin halitta, koi irin kifi yana ciyar da kwari, larvae, da tsirrai masu ruwa.
Shin zai yiwu ku ci kifin kifi
Kayan kwalliya na koi nau'ikan irin kifi ne na al'ada, don haka za'a iya haɗa naman su a cikin abincin. Amma don kare lafiyar jinsin, Jafananci ba su manta da ciyar da dabbobinsu cikin shekarun da ke fama da yunwa ba, masu shayarwa sun kula da irin tsabta kuma sun gabatar da sabon nau'in, suna ba da bukatun kansu.
Bai dace ba kuma bai dace a ɗauki koi matsayin kayan abinci ba. Kifaye masu ado ba su da arha. Don wannan farashi, zaku iya siyan dubun dubatan karin carp. Kodayake koi carps kuma suna cinyewa.
Kula da kiyayewa a cikin akwatin kifaye
Koi yana buƙatar kandami na gida tare da ƙarfin akalla lita 500. Abin al'ada ne don ƙididdige yawan adadin ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye bisa la'akari da girman dabbar dabbar. Ka'ida ga kifin shine lita 5 a 1 cm.
Tebur na ruwa sigogi don abun ciki na koi carps:
Sunan mai nuna alama | Daraja |
Juz'i na 1 mutum ɗaya | 150 l |
Zazzabi | 20-25 ° C |
Wuya | 7-7.5 pH |
Ingantawa | 4-10 dGH |
Brocade kifin yana da mahimmanci ga tsarin tacewa, wanda ba a dakatar dashi ba. 2-3 matattara na waje mai ƙarfi tare da ɗimbin yawa na tankuna, ana yin aikin tsabtace ilmin halitta da na inji. Lokacin zabar, kula da abu mai tacewa, idan ya kasance mai kyau-grained da m sosai, na'urar zata iya rufewa da sauri.
Don kiyaye tsarkin ruwa, don hana fashewar kamuwa da cuta, an sanya sterilizer.
Don adana launi na farko na koi, samar da kiftawa tare da matuƙar damar amfani da hasken rana. Idan babu isasshen haske na ɗabi'a, sanya kusa da akwatin kifaye ko gyara fitilun karfe halide kai tsaye a bango. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da fitilu a sautunan sanyi waɗanda ke haifar da bambanci.
Koi carps suna son ruwan sanyisaboda haka babu buƙatar mai hita. A lokaci guda, dabbobin gida suna jin daɗi a lokacin bazara, lokacin da ruwan zafin jiki ya hau zuwa digiri 30.
Asan da ta dace tana da kyau ko yashi matsakaici. Kifi fari tare da launuka masu launin masu launuka masu yawa suna duba mafi kyau akan asalin beige. Don nau'in jan, an zaɓi ƙasa mai duhu.
Lokacin ƙirƙirar akwatin kifaye, ana la'akari da cewa shimfidar wuri, tsire-tsire suna gurɓataccen hanzari, janye hankali daga lura da kyawawan koi. Elementsan ƙananan abubuwa na kayan ado manyan kifaye suna motsawa cikin yanayin rikice-rikice.
Ana maye gurbin ruwa a kowane mako cikin yawan 30%.
Kayan kwalliya na ado ne na omnivores. Don cikakken haɓaka, ana buƙatar furotin da abinci na shuka, waɗanda ake ba da sau 2-3 a rana a cikin ƙananan allurai, ba fiye da 3% ba ta nauyi. Masu ba da motoci kan taimaka taimakawa abinci.
Don kula da halaye na kiwo, ana ba dabbobi abinci da dyes na gargajiya. Tushen abinci mai gina jiki shine bushewar abinci tare da carotenoids. Baya ga shi, menu ya bambanta tare da yankakken 'ya'yan itace, kayan lambu.
Kulawa da kulawa a cikin tafkin
Wurin kandami shine wurin da ya fi dacewa da kifin koi, tunda an samo asali ne daga nau'ikan halittu daban-daban daga sama.
Wasu fa'idodin ajiye dabbobi a cikin tafkin da mutum ya yi:
- al'ada na al'ada, girma zuwa matsakaicin girma,
- da yiwuwar haifuwa,
- kiyaye cikakken canza launi saboda ci gaba da hasken halitta.
Girman kandami ko gidan wanka ya dogara da adadin kifayen, amma an bada shawara a bi ka'idodin masu zuwa, a makarantar carps 8 zuwa 10:
- zurfin - daga 1.5 m,
- girma - daga 8 t.
Don kyakkyawan koi, dacewa ga masu, an zaɓi wurin kula don kusa da gidan, nesa ba da hanyoyi.
Tall bishiyoyi da bushes ba'a shuka su a cikin kusancin kusa da kandami, don kada tsire-tsire su ɓoye farfajiyar ruwan.
Sanye take da wata tafki ta titi wanda aka gina ta amfani da kwanon rufi ko taushi mai tsafta, matattarar mai aiki. Bai kamata a dakatar da shan ruwan halittu da na injiniyanci ba.
Idan yanayin zafi a lokacin rani da ƙarancin kifaye sun fi ƙimar da ake yarda da su, sai a nutsar da magatakarda a cikin tafkin.
A cikin tafkuna masu gudana, ana rarraba masu matattara, amma da alama kifin na tono ƙasa da cin tsire-tsire suna ƙaruwa. A wannan yanayin, gina ƙarin tafki, sadarwa tare da na farko. An rufe shi da pebbles, sedge, arrowheads, an dasa furannin ruwa.
Aeromonos da pseudomonos
Bruises suna haɓaka jikin mutum, ƙyallen ƙwaya, a hankali yana jujjuya su cikin raunuka. Daben ya ki cin abinci, a wasu lokuta mawuyacin hali, ya mutu ba tare da wani tabbataccen dalili ba kafin bayyanar cututtuka. Dalilin ba shi da kariya sosai. Ana ba da ƙwayoyin rigakafi tare da abinci ko an ba da wanka na warkewa. Manyan raunuka suna buƙatar tsaftacewa na musamman a ƙarƙashin maganin sa barci.
Ichthyophthyroidism
Babban alamar cutar ita ce mafi yawa pustules wanda yake kama da Semolina semolina. Koi rubs a ƙasa, yana matse ƙashin jikinsa, ya rasa ci. Idan ba a kula da cutar ba, an cire filayen a cikin kifin, fatar an rufe ta da dabbobin, dabbar ta nutse har ƙasa kuma ta mutu.
Koi farida yana da tasiri musamman a farkon farkon aikin ichthyophthyroidism. Don rabu da cutar, ɗaga zafin jiki na ruwa zuwa 30 ° C da gishiri a cikin nauyin 3 g a lita 1.
Don neman magani, ƙwayar malachite kore (0.09 mg / l), SeraOmnisan, JBL Punktol ULTRA, Magunguna Aquarium bisa ga umarnin ana amfani da su.
Kwakwalwa
Ba a fahimci cutar gaba daya ba. Mai yiwuwa ne ya haifar da tsiro mai tsiro a kan ƙashin kansa da kuma gangar jikin ƙwayar cuta, suna rayuwa a cikin jijiyoyin trigeminal na shekaru, yawancin lokaci suna bayyana a cikin bazara. Tare da ƙara yawan zafin jiki na ruwa, ƙarancin rigakafi yana ƙaruwa, haɓakawa suna ɓata da kansu. Sake dawowa baya faruwa da wuri fiye da shekara guda.
Bayan…
Kifi na kandami na shafawa a cikin ruwa mai amfani da kayan kwalliya, tabar wiwi, da kuma ciliates. Don hana kamuwa da cuta, ana yin keɓewa na mako biyu, an yi amfani da abincin da aka tabbatar. Yana da mahimmanci kada a bada izinin babban koi, ƙarancin zafin jiki. An hana yaduwar kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar kirkirar yanayi masu dacewa don kiyaye ma'aunin ruwa waɗanda ke da alaƙa ga dabbobi.
Tarihin faruwar lamarin
Kimanin shekaru 2500 da suka gabata, an kawo katunan kayayyaki zuwa kasar Sin daga yankuna kusa da Tekun Caspian. Ba a san takamaiman lokacin da kifi ya bayyana a Japan ba; rubutattun bayanan farko sun kasance ne tun ƙarni na 14 - 15th AD. e. An yi imanin cewa baƙi daga China sun kawo kifin carp ɗin Japan. Jafananci sun kira shi "Magoi" - wani irin kifin baƙar fata. Daga baya, magabatan Jafananci suka fara shuka shi a cikin tafkunan wucin gadi don cin abinci. A cikin tsaunukan tsaunukan nesa, katunan abinci galibi sune abincin abinci na furotin, misali, a Yankin Niigata.
Kiwo mai kyau
Wasu lokuta, saboda maye gurbi na halitta, wasu gawa suna nuna karkacewar launi daban-daban. Irin waɗannan kifayen tare da tsari marasa daidaituwa ba su je abinci ba ana kiyaye su saboda dalilai na kayan ado. A hankali, nadin launuka masu launin suka girma cikin sha'awar maɗaukaki. Masu mallakar kifin sun ƙetare kifin su, yayin karɓar sabbin launuka masu launi. Wannan wasan nishaɗin ya zama sananne a tsakanin 'yan kasuwa da manyan mutane kuma sannu a hankali suka bazu ko'ina cikin Japan. Nunin Tokyo Taisho na shekarar 1914 ya fara gabatar da launuka koi ga sauran jama'a. Yanzu a cikin ƙasashe da yawa akwai kulake da ƙungiyoyin masoya koi, ana gudanar da nune-nunen hotuna da nune-nunen.
Koi ingancin kimantawa
1. Tsarin jiki
- gabaɗayan iari na Koi shine nau'in kai, jiki da ƙyallen, gami da kimar danginsu.
Koarfin mace koi mai ƙarfi yana da fa'ida. Maza, a matsayinka na mai doka, asalinsa ba zai iya samun adadin adadin da ya dace wanda ya dace da shiga gasar ba. Girman girmansa da sifar su ya zama daidai yake da jiki. Siffar shugaban kada ta kasance tazara, tsayi ko mai jujjuya hanya daya. Lokacin da kake kallon koi daga bisa, jikin yakamata ya kasance mai daidaituwa a bangarorin biyu, bangare ɗaya bazai cika girma fiye da ɗayan ba.
2. Launi da tsari
- bayyanar da yanayin fatar
Haske na fata da mai zurfi da launuka masu ƙarfi ana ɗaukar farko. Hakanan ana kimanta hadewar launi da kanta. Fatar ya kamata ta haskaka tare da haske.
- ingancin launuka, alamu, gefuna na alamu da daidaita sikelin
Ya kamata a bayyana launuka masu launin. Tsabtataccen shinge, shinge mai gamsarwa an fi son su. Ya kamata a daidaita ma'aunin launi. Ba a yarda da wuraren "mai nauyi" a gaba ba, a tsakiya ko kuma a cikin wutsiyar kifin. Tsarin ya zama yayi daidai da jikin kifin, shine, babban kifi ya kasance yana da babban tsarin.
- bayyanar bukatun takamaiman ga kowane irin nau'in, ko kuma halayen irinsu
- hali, ko yadda koi ke rike kansa cikin ruwa da yadda yake iyo
- Tunanin da kowane koi yake dashi shine halayyar da ke tattare da duka abubuwan kimantawa
Koi rarrabuwa
Akwai nau'in koi sama da 80. Don dacewa, sun kasu kashi 16 na gaba, haɗe ɗaya ko ɗaya halaye na gama gari:
- Kohaku (Jafananci 紅白 Ko: haku)
- Taisho Sansyoku (Jafananci 大 正 三 色) Taisho: sansoku)
- Sansyoku (Japanese 三 三 色) Shou: wa sansoku)
- Utsurimono (Jafananci 写 り 物)
- Becco (Jafananci べ っ っ) Becco:)
- Tantyo (Jafananci 丹 丹) Tantyo:)
- Asagi (浅黄)
- Shusui (Jafananci 秋 翠) Xu: Sui)
- Coromo (Jafananci 衣)
- Kinginrin (Jafananci 金 銀鱗)
- Kavarimono (Jafananci 変 わ り 物)
- Wuta (Jafananci. Game da: gon)
- Hikari-moyomono (Jafananci 光 模樣 者)
- Gosiki (jap. 五色)
- Kumonryu (九 紋 竜) Kumonryu:)
- Doitsu-goyi (Jafananci ド イ ツ 鯉)