Duniyar tsuntsaye tana da bambanci iri-iri, kuma idan tudun wasu basu bambanta da launuka masu haske ba, gashin tsuntsaye na iya shimfidawa lokaci guda tare da dukkan launuka na bakan gizo. Fatar fatar fuka-fukai mafi bambancin launuka fuka-fukai ne, talakawa ne, ya fi girma, tsuntsu mai girman-dango daga dangi-kamar-su. Wannan wakilin rukunin tsuntsun yana da wasu sunaye - vortex, raksha.
Maƙasudin Zagi na Sama, ko Raksha. Yankin Astrakhan, 2017.
Wani ɗan farin balaguro mai gudu ne a cikin jirgin
Juyoloji na zama
Bayan 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, mazaunin blue-edger ya kasance mai faɗi sosai, amma a cikin' yan shekarun nan, saboda lalata da bushewa, kama tsuntsaye don naman su ko gashin furen jikinsu, rage yawan kwari saboda amfani da magungunan kashe ƙwari, yawan su ya ragu sosai.
A halin yanzu, ana iya samun raksha a cikin gandun daji, yankin dajin da kuma matsakaicin yankin Turai, a kudu maso yammacin Asiya da arewa maso yammacin Afirka. Yawancin jama'a suna zaune a Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Estonia, Turkey, ƙasashen Balkan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Spain da Faransa. Bluefins tsuntsaye ne masu ƙaura, da zarar sanyi ya shiga, tsuntsaye sukan tashi zuwa yankin Sahara, kudu maso yammacin Afirka da Cote d'Ivoire.
Tsuntsaye galibi suna zaune a yankuna-da-gandun daji, suna zaɓar bishiyun da aka keɓe, ko a tsoffin gandun daji na itacen oak. Hakanan zaka iya samun ganye a cikin wuraren shakatawa na birni, murabba'ai, tare da gefen tekun.
Bulu-makwancin gwal ya samu beyar.
Bluewararren shuɗi yana shayar da kajin.
Wani fararren shuɗi mai launin shuɗi a cikin jirgin.
Mai Rarraba
Mai Rarraba
Bayyanar
Abu ne mai sauqi ka iya bambanta da talakawa mai launin shuɗi daga wasu tsuntsayen saboda yanayinsa da launi mai kyau. Abubuwan da ke cikin gashin fuka-fukan, kai da kirji suna da kyawawan launuka masu launuka iri-iri, alamun fuka-fukan a bayansu mai launin shuɗi-mai-shuɗi, kuma kuɗaɗen a hankali suna da shuɗi ko shuɗi. Fentin fuka-fukan fuka-fukan an yi zanen su da launi azure, a maƙallan baki.
Bluish mazurari yayi kama da tsari da girma zuwa ga talakawa. Tsawon jikin tsuntsu shine 31 - 35 cm, fuka-fukin zai iya kai 70 cm, yayin da nauyin tsuntsuwar ya kai kimanin gram 200. Daya daga cikin halayen tsuntsayen shine babban kai dangane da girman jikin mutum.
Gashin tsuntsun suna madaidaiciya, dan kadan an matse daga bangarorin a saman ƙugiya, launin ruwan kasa mai duhu cikin launi, a gemu na baki mai tsauri ne mai kama da launin gurnani. Gashin tsuntsayen ba su da tsawo sosai - kimanin 19 cm yana kunshe da fuka-fukai masu haske goma sha biyu, gashin fuka-fukai suna cikin duhu a cikin launi, matuƙar gashin fuka-fukai suna daɗewa fiye da na sauran. Kafafuwan Raksha suna da tsayi, launin ruwan kasa mai haske a launi, yatsa daya a kan paw din ya juya baya, uku kuma suna gaba, kowane yatsun ya kare a cikin kaifi sosai.
Tsuntsayen matasa suna da sauƙin rarrabewa daga manya - kawominsu kamar an rufe su da plaque, tare da lokaci zai ɓace. Dimorphism na jima'i gaba ɗaya ba ya nan.
Mai Rarraba
Mai Rarraba
Mai Rarraba
Reanyen matattarar matasa a kan shinge na katako mai shinge.
Wanda yake birgewa a cikin daji.
Yawan ruwan bluecake a cikin kaka.
Wani ɗan farin balaguro mai gudu ne a cikin jirgin
Menene ganye ke ci
Bluefins ba sa son manyan gandun daji, sabili da haka, yawancin lokaci suna zama a cikin hamada ko yankin rabin hamada.
Ganyayyaki na yau da kullun ba na fata bane don cin abinci, amma ana so har yanzu ga abincin dabbobi - ku ci manyan kwari. Don haka kayan masarufi na musamman gare su sune:
- Birni,
- Lizards
- Frogs
- Centipedes
- Rodananan sanduna
- Malaman zazzau
- Cicadas
- Mantis
- Maƙasai
- Esudan zuma da wasps
- Kwari
- Termites
- Sarukan tururuwa.
![](http://img.thinkfirsttahoe.org/img/imag-2020/3223/sizovoronka-foto-ptitsi-24FBEB.jpg)
![](http://img.thinkfirsttahoe.org/img/imag-2020/3223/sizovoronka-foto-ptitsi-16323.jpg)
![](http://img.thinkfirsttahoe.org/img/imag-2020/3223/sizovoronka-foto-ptitsi-5CE0.jpg)
A cikin kaka, innabi, wasu anda berriesan itace da wasu tsaba suna bayyana a abincin tsuntsaye.
Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da motsin ban mamaki - idan suka ga ganima, nan da nan sai tsuntsu ya tsinka reshen kuma ya kai hari kan ganima da saurin walƙiya. Da zarar tsuntsu ya kama abinsa, nan da nan ya haɗiye shi. Idan linzamin kwamfuta ya zama ganima ta tsuntsu, to, kafin cin abin da magabatan ya yi sau da yawa ya tashe shi zuwa babban tsayi kuma ya sauke shi har sai wanda abin ya shafa ya mutu.
Rayuwa
A waje da lokacin kiwo, Raksha yana jagoranci rayuwar da ba ta dace ba. Mafi yawan lokaci tsuntsun yana yin sama akan bishiya, yana neman ganima. Kwayoyin launin shuɗi ba wuya su kewaya cikin ƙasa ba, saboda yanayin da ke tattare da tsarin ƙafafunsu - sun yi tsayi, suna gangarowa kawai don cin ƙwari, kwaɗi ko jijiyoyi, idan tsuntsu ya ji haɗarin, to sai a fito da wani mummunan sarin ƙamshi daga ciki, wanda ke tsoratar da tsuntsayen da masu tsinkaye.
Tsuntsayen ba su tashi sosai ba, ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba, sannan suna haɓakawa sannan suna sauka ƙasa gabaɗaya, yawanci jirgin sama baya wuce mita 150-180.
A cikin kwanaki masu zafi, tarko mai maƙogwaro yana aiki sosai, yana neman abinci koyaushe, amma idan yanayin ya yi muni, ya zama girgije da sanyi, to tsuntsu yana zaune a wurin lafiya. Bluefins sune tsuntsaye masu zafi sosai, saboda haka suna tashi zuwa Afirka a ƙarshen watan Agusta, kuma suna komawa zuwa wuraren farawar su a farkon Mayu. Idan bazara tayi sanyi da ruwa, to tsuntsayen ba sa kwanansu kwata-kwata.
Ba a rarrabe waɗannan tsuntsayen ta kyawawan abubuwa ba, muryoyinsu suna kama da croaking - "Crack .. Cancer ..", wannan fasalin "waƙoƙi" ne wanda ya baiwa tsuntsu suna na biyu.
Wani shuɗi mai launin shuɗi-fure ya fantsama akan reshen bishiya.
Mai Rarraba
Mai Rarraba
Kiwo
Tsuntsaye suna yin balaga yayin da suke shekara biyu. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da aure, da zarar sun sami mata, za su kasance da aminci ga junan su har mutuwa. A farkon lokacin kiwo, don sha'awar mace, namiji Raksha ya fara yin rawa ta gaske a cikin iska a gabanta, yayin da yake kururuwa sosai.
Entungiyar ba ta canza wurin zama, yana dawowa kowace shekara zuwa wuri guda. Don gida, zai iya amfani da rami wanda mai shingen katako ya jefa, ko kuma abin fashewa a dutsen. Hakanan ga gida na iya zaɓar ƙananan fasa a bangon gidaje. A cikin wuraren da ke da ƙasa mai laushi, tsuntsayen sun tono ramuka da kansu har zuwa 70 cm, a ƙarshen irin wannan rami za a sami ɗakin dakuna, sau da yawa ba tare da wani zuriyar dabbobi ba. A lokuta da dama, Raksha na iya zama tare da kungiyoyin hadin gwiwa - nau'i biyu ko uku suna sanya mazauninsu a cikin rami daya mai kyau.
Tsuntsu ya fara kwanciya qwai a watan Yuni, yawanci fara 4 zuwa 6 fararen kwayoyi suna fitowa a cikin kama kusa da kwalayen shuɗi, kwai ɗaya a kowane awanni 48, wanda macen zata iya sakawa na kimanin kwanaki 18-20. Weightwararren ƙwai yana kusan gram 15, diamita kusan 29 mm. Yawancin lokaci waɗannan kajin suna tsira waɗanda sune farkon waɗanda aka haife su, kuma ƙarami, wanda ba zai iya yin tsayayya da gasar ba, ya mutu saboda yunwa, don haka kajin 2-3 ke tsira.
Yara an haife su gaba ɗaya tsirara kuma makaho, sabili da haka, sabon da mahaifin suka yi ya zama dole su ciyar da ɗiyayensu da zafi na kwanaki 28, mace da namiji sune ke da alhakin ciyar da kajin. Da zaran kajin sun yi mubaya'a, sai suka yi kokarin barin gidan, amma nan da 'yan kwanaki za su koma inda suke, inda iyayen da ke kulawa za su ciyar da su. Har zuwa farkon damina, kajin an zauna da iyayensu, suna koyon samun abinci.
Tsammani na rayuwa na talakawa shine shekaru 9-10.
A m shugaba.
Ban sha'awa
A wasu ƙasashe na Asiya, ana ɗaukar ƙwayar cole 'tsuntsu' mai ƙazanta, saboda haka ana sa ƙaƙƙarfan filayen ta musamman.
Masu tsere suna da matukar amfani ga tsuntsayen gona, suna lalata adadi mai yawa na cutarwa, don haka kwanan nan a wasu ƙasashe an ɗauki matakan don jawo hankalin nau'i-nau'i na Rolls don farawa.
Wani farin-blue roe na yau da kullun yana nufin asalin halittar wannan suna wanda ke wakilta ta hanyar nau'in 8, sunan wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don yin hukunci da manyan sifofin kowane nau'in. Anan ga sauran nau'in 7 na wannan halittar:
- Abisiniyan,
- Bengali
- Bluebelly
- M
- Rockettail,
- Sulaweska,
- Lilac-breasted.
Bayanin da fasali
Maƙasudin Zinare na gama gari tsuntsu na musamman, na gidan Sizovoronkov da rukunin Rakshoobraznyh. Tana da kayan aiki masu kyau tare da ambaliya, kuma cikin sararin sama tana da ban sha'awa sosai. Salon jirgin yana da matukar tsufa da sauri, fuka-fuki suna da fikafikai masu ƙarfi da kaifi.
Shugaban mutum, kirjinsa da fuka-fukansa daga ciki suna da sautin ma'ana mai cike da launi tare da canjin yanayin canza launin kore.
A baya launin ruwan kasa yana da tsatsa, tare da sauyawa mai laushi a farkon wutsiya zuwa shuɗi-baki mai launin shuɗi. Roasting reshe An lulluɓe ta haɗuwa ta abubuwan sama da na inuwa mai duhu, tare da canza launin baƙar fata a tukwici.
Tsuntsu mara kyau a cikin girmansa yayi kama da daw ko magpie. Tana da siffofin masu zuwa:
- tsayi har zuwa 30-35 cm,
- nauyi yana iya zama 240 gr.,
- Tsarin mulki abu ne mai kyau, mai kamantawa,
- yanayin fadada reshen reshen reshen har zuwa 22 cm, fuka-fukan kusan nisan 65 cm,
- elongated sand mai launin launin ruwan hoda,
- a kowane kafa, yatsunsu uku suna fuskantar gaba, da baya guda,
- shugaban manya manya a gajere,
- inuwa mai duhu na baki, mai kauri da ƙarfi, har ma da siffa, a ƙarshen ɓangaren babba a cikin ƙugiya.
Tsuntsu yana da peculiarity - a gindi na baki an sanya shi mai tsaurin launin fata mai kama da abu kamar gilasai (guguwar tabawa). Wannan nau'in yana motsawa tare da saman ƙasa tare da tsalle-tsalle mara wuya, saboda haka ya fi son neman ganima daga rassan bishiyoyi.
Tsuntsu zai tashi a hankali, yana samun tsayi kuma ya sauka a kasa. Jirgin sau da yawa ba ya wuce mita 200-250. Muryar kwanon rowan creaking da tauri, na tuna sauti "kyau". Mace da mace a zahiri ba sa banbanta da juna.
Saurari waƙar mawaƙa
Akwai nau'ikan 8 a cikin iyali na rodents, wanda kawai nau'in jinsin ne kawai ke zaune a cikin Turai da kudancin Rasha.
Kowane ɗayan nau'in yana da halaye na kansa:
1. Lilac Dairy Ya fice a mafi yawan launuka masu launuka. Kodan yana lilac ne da fitilar fitila, kai da bangaren occipital sune kore, idanun kuma sunyi kyau. In ba haka ba, launi ya yi kama da wanda aka saba. Tsuntsayen suna zaune ne a Afirka kawai. Rayuwarta ta daidaita. Yana da biyan kuɗi guda biyu.
2. Abisiniya Blue Roller. Tsarin da ke da wuya, yana zaune a Cibiyar Afirka, yana da launi mai ban sha'awa, abinci - kwari, ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwa.
3. -Wararren ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda-mai ruwan hoda. Ana bambanta mutum da launi na sautin launin kore mai duhu a bayan, cream a kai. Yana zaune a cikin Afirka ta Tsakiya, yana ciyar da kankantar. Mutane daban-daban sun ayyana yanayin ƙasa - kowane ɗan tsuntsaye wanda ya bayyana a mazaunin an kai hari.
4. Bengal roaster yana da launi mai laushi na launin ruwan kasa, ba shuɗi. Tana zaune a cikin filayen da makiyaya na Kudancin Asiya, a gabar Larabawa zuwa China, a Indiya. Ba ya ƙaura, amma a cikin ƙarshen zamani-yana yin jirgin sama a cikin ɗan gajeren nesa. Tsuntsu ya zama sananne ga cututtukan maza a cikin lokacin kiɗa. Ya fi son yin iyo da kama ƙananan kifaye. Tana da rassa uku. Jihohi da dama na Indiya sun zaɓi wannan tsuntsun a matsayin alama.
5. Sulawesian Blue Roller. Wannan nau'in yana da wadatar fata mai launin shuɗi da launin toka a kai da wutsiya. Indonesian rare jinsuna.
6. Rice hatcher mai suna don gajeren hat nasa mai launi ja a saman gashin fuka-fukan. Hakanan kirjin yana da launin launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa. Tsuntsu ya zauna, yana zaune a cikin yankin Afirka kudu da Sahara, yana ciyar da kunama, gizo-gizo da masu baƙar fata.
7. Wanda aka fi sani da Rockettail. Mutumin yana zaune a cikin ƙasashe da yawa a kudu maso gabashin Afirka. An samo sunan ne don dogon gashin fuka-fukan tare da gefan wutsiya. A launi, mai kama da talakawa, amma yana da farin launi a kai.
Iyalin sun rarrabe wani kaso mai zurfi wanda ke rayuwa kawai a Madagascar - earthen rakshah. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da matukar wahala kuma suna ta yawo cikin duniya suna neman abinci a cikin ciyawar. Suna da ƙarfi da kafafu mai tsayi. Sun gina sheƙunansu a cikin ƙasa a cikin mayuka.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Bluefins suna cin abinci galibi, alhali kuwa suna masu iko. Tsuntsayen suna kallon abin da suka fara daga sama, suna zaune a kambi na itace, da ɗakuna, da manyan gidajen wuta, wayoyi na lantarki. Yawancin abincin yakan hada da:
- manyan kwari, a cikin bazara - kwari-kamar, kuma daga tsakiyar lokacin rani - fari,
- Tsirrai, wasps, kwari
- kananan lizards
- m sau da yawa - ƙananan mice da frogs,
- berries, 'ya'yan itatuwa da tsaba - a lokacin zamani.
Ganin abin da ya kama daga sama, kumburin yaduwar shuɗi ya fara sauka lokaci guda kuma ya fatattaka ta da babban riƙonsa. Lokacin da aka kama karamin linzamin kwamfuta, tsuntsu ya tashi sama tare dashi zuwa sama kuma yayi jifa dashi sau da yawa. Kuma kawai sai ya fara ci.
Akwai wani zaɓi da ta yi amfani da shi, tare da ganima, mutum ya hau kan itaciya. Riƙe ganima da kugu ta hanyar wutsiya, sai ya buge ta da ƙarfi tare da kai a wuya mai ƙarfi. Tsuntsu zai yi wannan har sai ya tabbata cewa ganima bata da rai. Bayan wannan ne za a ci ganima.
Tsawon rayuwa
Matasa sun fara neman ma'aurata tun suna shekara biyu. A cewar kididdigar, tsuntsu yana jagorantar cikakken salon rayuwa na shekaru 8-9. Amma akwai sanannun lokuta na rayuwarta har zuwa shekaru 10-12. A tsawon rayuwar rayuwa, tsuntsaye biyu zasu iya girma har kajin 20-22. Idan aka ba damuna da sanyi lokacin bazara a shekara, to shisshigar shudi bazai yiyu ba. Waɗannan tsuntsayen suna ƙaunar yanayi mai tsananin zafi.
Bayanan Gaske
Ganyen shuɗi yana da wasu fasalulluka waɗanda ba su da ban mamaki da ban sha'awa:
- Tsuntsu yana da wasu dukiya: yayin haɗari, mutum yakan rufa asirin daga ciki, da wari mara kyau. Wannan ya tsoratar da wasu masu hasashen. Kuma tsuntsu, ta haka, ya sami tsira da kansa kuma yana kiyaye wurin zama tare da kajin daga hari.
- Tsuntsaye, da zarar sun ƙirƙiri ma'aurata, suna da aminci ga juna har ƙarshen rayuwarsu.
- A cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata, yawan jinsunan sun ragu sosai. A cikin Turai, saboda tsirrai da tsirrai, da kuma a cikin ƙasashen kudanci (Indiya) - dalilin harbi saboda nama mai daɗi. Ana neman tsuntsaye sau da yawa don nishaɗi, dabbobi masu saƙa, don siyarwa.
- Ciyawar guguwar rashin tunani da kuma lokacin bazara da ciyawa na kaka da ke sa ciyawa su nemi wasu wuraren na zama da kuma wuraren hutawa.
- An san gaskiyar yawan rayuwar ma'aurata a cikin babban rami, inda kowane ma'aurata ke da nasa mazauni. A cikin irin wannan “mazaunin gida” tsuntsayen sun kasa yin rikici kuma suka da kajin su.
- Sizovoronka a cikin hoto kuma bidiyon yana ɗaukar hoto tare da kyakkyawar kyakkyawa da alheri - yayi kama da tsuntsu wanda yake tashi daga aljanna.
- Masana kimiyya sun rubuta damar mai siye-da-shuɗi don canja wurin kajin daga wata gida zuwa wata - wannan bashi da matsala kuma yana da haɗari, kuma rashin daidaituwa ga tsuntsu.
- A yankuna na Kudancin kasarmu, akwai lokuta lokacin da tsoffin tsuntsaye suka ƙi ƙwayayensu “sosai”, musamman ma tsoffin mata. A wannan lokacin, a cikin rami, zaka iya kama su ko da hannuwanka.
- Synovolka yana cin abinci mai yawa na waɗannan kwari waɗanda ke cutar da cutar ga tsire-tsire masu girma. A saboda wannan, ya cancanci girmamawa, tun da shi yana kawo fa'idodi mai yawa, adana albarkatu, amfanin gona daga wahalar kwari.
- Abin takaici, tsuntsu yana fuskantar barazanar halaka kuma an jera shi a cikin littafin littafi. Yana da rukunin farko na ƙarancin kuɗi. A Moscow, Lipetsk, Kaluga da Ryazan da sauran yankuna, an dauki nau'in a karkashin kariya. An kiyaye kariya daga mazajen maza da mata.
Blue Roller talakawa wata kyautuka ce ta aljanna ga lamuran arewa daga nesa da kuma zafi Asiya da ƙasashen Afirka. Kayan kanta da kanta tayi maganar. Yayin jirgin, tsuntsaye sukan tashi nesa mai nisa don dawowa, shuka da kuma yi kajin. Aikinmu shine mu adana wannan kusan nau'in halittar, kuma ƙirƙirar dukkanin yanayin da ake buƙata don kwanciyar hankali da ƙaruwa.