Sannun ku! Mene ne mafi yawan kifayen kifi na akwatin kifaye mai tare da lita 20 ko 50 na ruwa? Yanzu muna ba da shawara. Kyakkyawan akwatin kifaye tare da kifaye masu launuka kayan marhabin da kayan ado ne na gida. Baya ga manufar kyakkyawa, akwatin kifayen yana gabatar da ƙarin ta'aziyya a cikin yanayin kuma yana baka damar shakatawa daidai.

Amma duk abin da yana da bangarorin biyu na tsabar kudin da akwatin kifaye ba togiya. Yawancin lokaci kusurwa ta zama na gida, musamman na akwatin kifaye, shine rashi iyaye don dagewa game da buƙatun 'ya'yansu. Don wani lokaci, yaro ya kasance cikakke ga mazaunan ruwa na ruwa, amma a ƙarshe, mafi yawan lokuta, kula da su yana kan kafada na manya.

Kuma a cikin manya, musamman iyaye, galibi ana shirya lokaci ne a cikin mintuna.

Mafi kifin kifi na akwatin kifaye

Hanya mafi kyau duka ita ce kifayen marasa misalai don akwatin kifaye, da ke buƙatar kulawa mai ƙarancin kulawa kuma a lokaci guda faranta wa ido ba ƙasa da takwarorinsu na "kayan kwalliya". Don masu farawa aquarists, nau'ikan kifaye da yawa sun dace, ba a barin ruwa, sarari, abinci da maƙwabta.

Kowa ya san launin launi guppies lemu mai zaki maƙiyin frisky zebrafish da bambanta barbuna (kusan nau'ikan 200!) - wannan shine mafi ƙarancin gidan dabbobi da zasu faranta muku rai yau da kullun tare da kyawun su ba tare da farashin takamaiman lokaci na kulawa da su ba.

Danio ya yi nasara a cikin akwatin kifaye

Sako mister_xxi »Mar 01, 2012 11:16 PM

Ga wasu wakilan duniyar akwatin kifayen da nake so sosai.

Masarauta: Dabbobi
Nau'i: Chordates
Class: Kifi mai ƙashi
Umarni: Katanga
Iyali: Katanga
Rod: Danio
Duba: Danio Rerio
Sunan Latin
Danio tawaye
(Hamilton, 1822)

Danio rerio na cikin tsiran kifayen, suna da iri iri. Kifayen suna da kwanciyar hankali, makaranta, wayoyin hannu, tsalle, kamar haske da haske, ruwa mai wadatar oxygen, sun fi zama a cikin ruwa. Danio rerio yawanci yana rayuwa daga shekaru 2.5 zuwa 5. Kasancewa cikin ci gaba da motsi, sai suka kirkiro wancan yanayin na musamman wanda ke ba da damar shimfidar wuri mai ruwa. Ana iya adanar shi a cikin babban akwatin kifaye, rufe a sama, wanda, tare da tsire-tsire, yakamata isasshen sarari kyauta don iyo. Danio rerio na mace mai sauƙin bambancewa ne daga namiji kawai yayin balaga - mace tana da madaidaicin ciki, namiji ya fi ƙyalƙyali, siriri. Akwai nau'i biyu na antennae. Gudanar da daidaituwa a cikin kowane kamfani na kifi, Danio rerio ya rayu tsawon lokaci kuma da wuya yayi rashin lafiya. Danio rerio soothe m kifi. Sun fi son m da sannu a hankali gudãna ruwa.

Habitat - kifi na saman yadudduka na gabar bakin teku na tsaye da kuma gudana a cikin tafki na Kudu maso gabas Asia, yawanci iyo a tsakanin tsakanin mai tushe na ruwa na ruwa da ciyawa ciyayin bakin teku rataye a cikin ruwa. Anan tana neman abincinta - ƙananan ɓarna. A nan, kifin mai kifi, yana watsar da ƙwai a cikin ciyawar da ke tsibiran rairayin bakin teku. Danio shine ɗayan kifin ruwan kifin. Kifi suna da amfani sosai kuma ba a fassara su. Suna zaune koda a cikin ƙananan rafukan ruwa. Danio rerio ya kasance yafi a tsakiya da ruwa na ruwa. Game da firgita, suna iya tsalle daga cikin ruwa, don haka dole ne a rufe akwatin kifayen tare da murfin murfi. An fi dacewa Danio a cikin rukuni na kifaye na 8-10.

Bayyananniya: maza suna wasa koyaushe kuma suna bin juna. Kallon sauri da kuma kyakkyawan zebrafish ƙungiyoyi ne mai dadi ga masu son aquarium. Danio rerio suna da rayayyun launuka canza launi. Kunkuntar jikin kifin ya kai tsawon 5 cm a cikin sasanninta bakin wasu 'yan ƙananan eriyoyi ne da aka yiwa ƙuƙwalwa zuwa ƙasa. Dogon layi biyu mai daidaitaccen launuka biyu - bambaro rawaya ko rawaya-kore da baki-shuɗi, madadin, sun ratsa duk jikin kifin, suna farawa da murfin murfin, suna wucewa zuwa ƙashin ƙyallen ɗanɗano da ƙashin kai. Wadannan raunin suna da fadi a tsakiyar ɓangaren jiki (musamman ma na mace) kuma da ɗan taper zuwa kai da wutsiya. Raguna ƙyallen sun yi launin shuɗi-biyu, tare da ƙarshen ƙarshen dorsal ƙugu da shuɗi mai duhu. Mace ta bambanta da namiji a cikin cikakkiyar ciki.

Tsarin Kiwo

tare da veins ƙyallen,

Sake bugun: Balaga yana faruwa ne a watanni 3-6. Samun tsallake daga zebrafish abu ne mai sauqi. Don yin wannan, a kowane lokaci na shekara, ya zama dole, da farko, don dasa maza da mata na kwanaki da yawa, sanya su a cikin aquariums (zai fi dacewa sarari - daga lita 10) tare da zazzabi sama da 20 ° C, yalwar ciyarwa tare da magudanar jini ko rayuwa daphnias ja. Shiryewar mace don takaita sha'awa shine siffar ciki. A cikin mata tare da caviar mai dahuwa, ana iya yin kauri sosai ba kawai a cikin gwiwar ba, har ma a cikin ɓangarorin na gaba kusa da fin fin. Kamar yadda filayen shakatawa, ana bada shawara don amfani da ƙananan kwantena tare da ƙananan gilashin m (aquariums of 3-12 lita ko gilashin gilashi). Yawancin masoya basa saka yashi a kasan, tunda yana wahalar dasu wajen tsayar da hakora. A cikin tasoshin tare da ƙasa mai lebur, duk abin da ya kamata a rufe shi da toplnik ko fontinalis wanda aka wanke sosai, wanda dole ne a shafa shi da pebble a hankali. A cikin kwalba tare da kwanon kwandon, an sanya mosa a cikin zobe tare da gefen ƙarshen ƙasan kuma an kuma matse shi da pebbles. Theasar mai cike take da ruwa cike da ruwa daga akwatin kifin mai tsabta, ta ratsa wani siphon kuma ta wadatar da iskar oxygen ko ruwa mai tsafta. Matsayin ruwa a cikin farfajiyar yakamata ya kasance tsakanin 5-8 cm, don haka akwai sarari kyauta na 3-4 cm sama da ƙwanƙarar moss .. "Shuka" na masu samarwa (maza biyu ko uku da mace ɗaya) ana shuka, mafi kyau da yamma, a cikin ƙasa mai shinge dake kusa da windows ko a kansa. Zazzabi ruwan bashi da mahimmanci sosai, zebrafish ya tsallake duka a 17 kuma a 25 ° C. A dare, kifayen sun saba da sabon ɗakin, washegari kuma da zaran an gama buɗe filayen daga iskar kuma tsire-tsire suka fara samar da iskar oxygen, farawa yake. Ba zai yiwu a taɓa samun saurin motsi a cikin akwatin kifaye fiye da motsin baƙin zebrafish ba. Yana kunna walƙiya cikin sauri, kifayen suna ta zagaye da akwatin kifaye, maza kuma suna bin macen suna ƙoƙarin buge ta a ciki. Ba da daɗewa ba, ɗayan mata suka same shi, wanda, tare da bugawa mai ƙarfi a cikin ciki, yana ƙwanƙwasa ƙwai daga ciki, yana sakin madara. Alamu suna bi ɗaya bayan ɗaya tare da katsewa fiye da minti biyar. Gaba daya aikin yakan zama bai wuce awa daya ba. Adadin ƙwai masu ƙwai sun dogara da girman da darajar shiri na mace (ƙwai 50-400). Ba za a iya samun haɗi ba kawai daga gida, har ma daga zebrafish, duk da haka, a wannan yanayin, hadi da ke haɗuwa ba ƙasa da yawa. A cikin jirgi mai fili, ana iya dasa shurai da yawa zuwa spawn. Bayan ƙarshen lakabin, yakamata a cire masu samarwa ta hanyar rabuwa da maza daga matan. Yakamata a maimaita alamar bayan sati daya da rabi, in ba haka ba ƙwai za su shayar, toyawar ba za ta yi aiki ba, kuma a wasu yanayi mace za ta ƙi jefa komai. Femaleaya mace za ta iya ba da litar 5 zuwa 6 a jere. Sau da yawa, bayan saukowa don farawa, mace ta lullube cikin tsire-tsire kuma ba ta amsa ladabi ga maza. Wannan yana nuna cewa kayan kayan jima ɗinta basuda cikakke ko overripe. A cikin halayen guda biyu, yakamata a bar masu kera su a cikin filaye na kwana biyu, a ciyar a rana ta biyu tare da zubar jini. Idan rashin sa'a ta biyo baya, kuma mahaifar mahaifar ba ta girma sosai, ya kamata a dasa ta kuma ciyar da ita tsawon kwanaki. Cikakkiyar mace wacce ta ki jefawa ya kamata ta kama ta ta hanyar daga ƙasa mai sanyin jiki kuma a nannade ta a cikin rigar auduga tsakanin yatsa da lanƙwasa ɗan yatsan hannun hagu da kuma matsi caviar daga gare ta tare da tsantsan latsa maɓallin hannun dama. Idan an gudanar da aikin a hankali, mace da sauri ta tattara ƙwai, kuma bayan kwanaki 4-5 za a iya dasa shukar. Yana faruwa cewa bayan saukowa don tsallakewa, mace tayi iyo a hankali a cikin jirgin ruwa, kuma maza ba su fara tserewa ba. Bayan ajiye irin wannan gida a cikin wuraren shakatawa na tsawon kwanaki 2, yakamata masu samarwa su zauna kuma, bayan sun ɗan zazzage maza sosai, a ciyar dasu sosai har sai sun fara bin juna da ƙarfi. Amateurs sau da yawa sun koka cewa zebrafish baya birgewa ko mummunar caviar. Wadannan kasawa galibi ana yin bayani ne ta hanyar abubuwan da suka gabata na kifi wanda bai dace ba. Kafin tsallakewa, ana sa masu kera su cikin yanayin zafin da yawan abinci, qwai matan sun cika yawa, kuma sun “tsufa”, sun ƙi jefa. Don guje wa wannan, muna ba da shawarar cewa zebrafish da aka yi niyya don adana tag a cikin hunturu a zazzabi na 17-19 ° C, yana ba da abinci kaɗan. Yawan ci gaban qwai ya dogara da zazzabi. A cikin 26-28 ° C, yin kwanya a hankali bayan sa'o'i 30-36; a 16 ° C, haɓakawa ya wuce sama da mako guda. Soyayyen da ya fashe daga qwai ya rataye na kwanaki da yawa, a haɗe zuwa tsire ko gilashi, sannan sai a fara iyo. A farkon zamanin ana ciyar da su da ciliates ko "ƙura", to, yayin da suke girma, suna canzawa zuwa mafi girman abinci, kuma an tura ɗakin litter ɗin gaba ɗaya zuwa ɗakin da ya fi girma. A zazzabi na 26 - 27 ° C, busawa da ciyarwa mai yawa, ƙananan yara sun zama balaga cikin jima'i a cikin watanni 2.5 - 3. A ƙananan yanayin zafi, haɓaka haɓakawa yana raguwa.

An dauke shi azaman tsinke-tsararrakin guda ɗaya na tsararren Danio na rioan mulkin mallaka. Kifi na irin kifin iyali. Leopard Danio rerio yana daya daga cikin kifin mafi sauki don adana kifayen ruwa. Jiki mai tsawo har zuwa 5cm tsayi. Akwai nau'i biyu na antennae. Tana zaune a jikin ruwan Indiya. Akwai Danio rerio iri-iri tare da ƙarancin fuloginsu. A baya shine koren duhu (launi na zaitun), gefunan ciki da ƙyalli na ciki mai launin zinare. Black maki a ko'ina cikin jiki. Har ila yau maki yana kan fitsarin dan da ke na Danio. Abincin yana raye kuma ya bushe. Kafin sauka don farawa, maza da mata na Leopard Danio rerio ana kiyaye su daban-daban na tsawon kwanaki 7-10 kuma suna da wadatar abinci. Ma'aurata za a iya yin lalata, amma maza biyu da mace 1 ko kuma gungun kifaye tare da galibin maza sun fi kyau. Alama na shiri na namiji don kiwo: cin amana, fada tsakanin junansu, chaji. A cikin mace, mace-ta-zauna cikin farin ciki yayi nauyi a wannan lokacin. Kifayen kifayen daga lita 10 a kowace kifaye tare da grid mai raba tsirrai da tsirrai masu tsalle-tsalle. Ruwa sabo ne, tare da sigogi iri ɗaya kamar yadda yake tare da abun ciki, matakin shine 8-10 cm.

Extremearancin rashin cancantar danios rerio bai tsere wa kallon masana ilimin halitta ba. An fara amfani da kifin azaman "zomaye na gwaji" kuma an bred da yawa don dalilan kimiyya. A halin yanzu, yana da wuya a ambaci kowane yanki na ilimin halitta a cikin inda kifin zebrafish ko kifin zebra (kamar yadda ake kiran su a cikin slang a cikin da'irorin kimiyya, Zebrafish, ko Zebra danio - sunan da aka fi sani da zebrafish Rerio kuma a cikin littattafan Turanci na akwatin kifaye).

A halin yanzu, adadin labaran kimiyya masu alaƙa ta hanya guda ko wata ga binciken da aka gudanar akan zebrafish ya ninka sama da dubu goma! An yi amfani da Zebrafish sosai a cikin binciken da aka yi kan tayi. Tare da haɓaka aikin injiniyan kwayoyin, waɗannan karatun sun haɓaka musamman kuma, mutum yana iya faɗi, kyakkyawa. Da farko, halittar dake lullube launin kore da ja mai kyalli sun kasance nesa da jellyfish da anemones, sannan kuma masana kimiyya suka koyi hade wadannan kwayoyin halittar a jikin halittar kifin ta hanyar da sunadaran sunadaran mai kyalli ya fara daidai lokacin da wasu suka fara samar da ci gaban mutum na abubuwan zubewar zebrafish kungiyoyin tsoka. Samuwar ƙwayar tsoka ya zama mai yiwuwa ana iya gani a cikin zanen ƙasa a ƙarƙashin hasken microscope mai kyalli. Ikon kare sunadarai yayi haske a karkashin hasken ultraviolet mai taushi ya sanya ya yiwu a gano su, kuma, a saboda haka, tsokar jikin da aka hada su, a farkon farkon haɓaka.

Ya juya cewa a cikin tsokoki na kifi, waɗannan sunadaran mai kyalli ana haɗuwa dasu tsawon rayuwa. Suna tarawa gwargwadon yawan abin da ya zama yana gani ga tsirara ido. An fentin kifin a cikin launi na furotin mai kyalli, wanda yake haɗu kuma a sakamakon, yayin da ya girma, yana zama mai haske da haske! Girma, kayan da aka gyara na zebrafish ya zama ja mai launin ja ko kore. Wadannan kwayar halittar zebrafish ta asali sun sami damar yada kwayar halitta wanda ke haifar da karuwar sunadarai masu launin ja da kore. Waɗannan “kifin transgenic” sun bambanta da na zebrafish kawai a launi. A cikin dukkan sauran fannoni, sun kasance iri ɗaya mai farin ciki da mara ma'ana danyushki.

Kuma a sa'an nan dillalan kifin kifayen sun nuna sha'awar su. Bayan sun yarda da masana kimiyya waɗanda suka kirkiro kifin transgenic, sun sami ƙarancin ikon kasuwanci don cinikin zebrafish kuma sun fara gabatar da su a cikin kasuwannin zoo na Amurka (kamfanin Yorktown Technologies LP) da kamfanin Asiya (kamfanin Taiwan Taikong na Taiwan). Koyaya, nan da nan, kuma ya kasance a cikin 2003, sha'awar daji ta fara tafasa a kusa da waɗannan kifin. Kungiyoyin muhalli na jama'a sun gani a cikin su wata babbar barazana ce ga ma'aunin nazarin halittu a duniya gaba daya da takamaiman kwayoyin halittu. Abin da ba a ba da kyautar ba don talakawa kifi a cikin 'yan jaridu. "Fasaha ta hanyar fasaha ta Frankenstein" - har yanzu wannan bashi da matsala a gare su. Masu rajin kare muhalli sun tambaya: "Kuna tunanin tunanin abin da zai faru idan wasu masu ruwa-da-ruwa masu ruwa da tsaki suka sake fitowar kifin zebra a cikin tafki na dabi'a!?

Da farko, duk waɗannan sun yi sauti mai gamsarwa kuma tsanantawa ta faɗo game da raye-rayen da aka yi. Kasashen kungiyar tattalin arzikin Turai gaba daya sun hana shigo da wadannan kifayen da kansu, kuma an haramta shi har zuwa yau. Don haka ana hana masu ruwa da tsalle na Yammacin Turai izuwa damar yin sha'awar kifayen ja da kore. Kodayake a Turai yanayin bai dace da zebrafish ba a cikin yanayi kuma Turawa ba shakka suna tsoron komai. Yawancin jihohin Amurka ma ba su ba da izinin asali tare da sayar da kifin ruwan kifaye a kan iyakar su ba, duk da gaskiyar cewa a cikin jihohin kudanci yanayin yawan ƙwayoyin zebrafish sun daɗe suna rayuwa.

Masu samar da zebrafish na transgenic, don tabbatar da jama'a, sun yi alƙawarin sayar da kifin mai ƙarancin gaske. Ya kamata a sani cewa su kansu suna da sha'awar cika wannan alƙawarin, saboda abu ne mai sauƙi kamar yin danios rerio, da kuma masu son jan kafa, idan suna da irin wannan dama, da tabbas sun gane hakan, sannan mutum ba zai iya dogara da fifikon ɗan mulkin mallaka ba. Abin ban sha'awa, Rasha ta zama ta nisanta daga duk waɗannan rigingimu da tattaunawa. An kawo wutan zebrafish ba tare da wata matsala ba kuma yanzu ana iya siye su cikin shagunan dabbobi a cikin ƙasar nan. Daga ina suka fito idan duk kifayen da masu shigo da kaya ke kawowa dole su zama ba su da yawa kuma adadin su yana da iyaka?

Gaskiyar ita ce cewa duk da cewa kamfanonin da ke rarraba kayan zebra na transgenic zebra suna ƙoƙari da yawa don bakatad da kifi, amma, yawanci yakan faru lokacin aiki tare da abubuwan ƙirar halitta, ba zai sami sakamakon sakamako ɗari ba. Kifi 99% bakararre ne, wanda ke nufin cewa ɗayan kifi 100 na riƙe da ikon bada zuriya, kuma masu binciken kifayen har yanzu suna da ƙarancin damar haifar da waɗannan kifin. Kuma haka ya faru. An gano kwayar halittar zebrafish da aka canza fasalin kwayar halitta. Da kyau, karuwar adadin kifin transgenic bai gabatar da wata matsala ba.

Canjin kifin da zai iya samar da furotin mai kyalli a cikin tsokoki na zahiri zai iya bambanta da gaske.Wannan ya dogara ne da launi da fata, wanda wani sashi na garkuwa da hasken haskoki wanda kwakwalwar kifaye take canzawa ko kuma ya fitar dashi yayin fitowar haske yayin haske da shuhuda da haskoki. A halin yanzu, akwai nau'ikan launi da yawa na zebrafish marasa daidaituwa, abubuwan da ake kira layin bango (layin baya). An yi amfani da waɗannan layin don samar da warin zebra na transgenic zebrafish na launuka daban-daban. A wannan yanayin, anyi amfani da hanyoyin aikin kiwo na gargajiya, kuma ba aikin injiniyan kwayoyi ba (asalin halittar da ke da alaƙa da keɓaɓɓun sunadaran da ke bayyana kansu azaman rinjaye kuma gādonsu yana faruwa ne bisa ka'idodin gargajiya na Mendel). Misali, akwai kifin albino, wanda gaba daya bashi da ikon iya hadawa da adon baki - melanin - a jikinsu. Fatar su tana da haske kuma take bayyana, don haka, idan kwayar halitta mai daukar nauyin kwayar halitta mai haske take a jikin kwayoyin halittar su, to launin ruwan hoda da tsokoki zai kasance a bayyane gare su. Kuma waɗannan kifayen suna kama da haske sosai. Amma kifayen, wanda launin fatar jikinsa yake gab da nau'in daji, ana ganinsa duhu sosai, tunda gwanayen melanin suna gwada launi da tsokoki.

Halin da aka sauya danyushki ya zauna kamar yadda yake magabatansu. A fili suke jan hankali zuwa saman ruwa, inda suka gwammace tsayawa cikin rafi daga famfon. Kifi ya kiyaye zaman lafiyar magabatansu, wanda hakan ya ba su damar sa su kasance tare da kifin ƙaramin ɗan ƙaramin kifaye da kuma nimble. A cikin akwatin kifayen na, an daidaita zebrafish tare da kyawawan ƙananan iris popondettas (Pseudomugil furcatus), kuma tare da wani zebrafish - kifin zebrafish (Danio choprae). Tare, sun haɗu da wani kamfani mai ban sha'awa da keɓaɓɓiyar launuka, suna farfado da saman da ruwa na ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye. Sukan sauka da wuya, a zahiri sun fi son su ci abinci daga saman ruwan.

Abu ne mai sauki ka lura cewa launi irin na kifin ya dogara da yadda haske yake sauka a kansu. Wadannan kifayen suna kama da mai haske ne kawai idan an kunna gaban su kuma muna ganinsu cikin hasken da aka haskaka. A cikin hasken da aka watsa, suna zama cikakke, kuma idan haske ya same su daga kusurwoyi mabambanta, to kifayen suna ba da haske mai haske. Bugu da kari, launi na halitta, kamar yadda yake, ya raba jikin kifin, ya faskara shi gutsuttsuran rabe, wanda yayi kama da abubuwan muhalli da kyandir. An kirkiro irin wannan launi yayin juyin juya halin musanya: yana yin aikin rufe kifaye daga mafarauta.
Transgenic kifi koyaushe ya kasance mai haske. Ana iya ganin su sarai tun daga tushe a tsakanin sararin samaniya da shuɗi. Wato, yawancin magabatan ruwa na ruwa suna kai hari game da abin da suke nema daga ƙasa. Amma a bayyane suke a bayyane daga sama kuma zasu zama mai sauƙin ganima ga tsuntsaye masu farauta. Tare da raguwa a matakin haske, kifin launi na jujjuyawar launin toshiya ya zama kusan gani a ido, kuma kwalliyar launinsu mai launi tana fitar da kifin transgenic tare da kawunansu. Haka kuma, launin ruwan hoda mai haske mai haske-orange yakan haifar da hari har ma da wanda ya isa ya ci abinci kuma yana jin haushi sosai, amma babban kifi ne. A wata kalma, zebrafish transgenic ba shi da damar rayuwa a cikin yanayin - ba kwa buƙatar damuwa game da wannan. Ya kamata a lura cewa bayan cin kifin transgenic, maharbin zai sauƙaƙa shi, kamar kowane ganima. Kwayoyin sunadarai masu guba basu da guba kuma suna narkewa gaba daya ta hanyar enzymes na narkewa. Don haka, daga tsarin halittar kifin halittar kayyakin mashin a cikin tafki na halitta ba da daɗewa ba za a gano wata alama.

Ko da a cikin akwatin kifaye, dole ne a zaɓi kamfanin don ƙirƙirar dunƙule mai zurfi. Suna iya saurin rikitarwa tare da kifin labyrinth kamar su maza da laliuse, tare da kifaye masu ɗauke da rai, amma cichlids, har ma da ƙananan, zasu iya ƙoƙarin kama su. Kuma, hakika, an daidaita zebrafish zai iya rayuwa tare da sauran zebrafish da kifaye masu dangantaka. Musamman idan kun dasa kifi na yara tare. A halin yanzu, yanayin zebrafish yana dawowa da sauri. A takaice dai an sami nasarar wannan ta hanyar bayyanar kifayen mai haske mai haske, kazalika da iyakancewar haɓakar kamfanonin kamfanoni masu shigo da kayayyaki masu yawa. Idan a baya a cikin jerin ruwayoyinmu ana iya samun nau'ikan zebrafish uku kawai: zebrafish (iri da "damisa", da aka sani da "Brachydanio frankei"), zebrafish (Devario aequipinnatus), lu'u-lu'u zebrafish (Danio albolineatus), yanzu wannan tarin yana da sauki ana iya ƙaruwa sau da yawa. A lokaci guda, duk sabon nau'in kifin zebra suna kasancewa kamar ba'a watsi da yanayin rayuwa a cikin akwatin kifaye ba. A zahiri, kusan duk abin da ya dace da zebrafish zai dace da su. Sai dai idan akwatin kifaye don jinsin da ya fi girma kada ta kasance ƙanana (nau'in mallakar halittar Devario yana buƙatar aƙalla lita 50 na ruwa), kuma dole ne a kula da yawan zafin jiki na ruwa a matakin da ba ya ƙasa da 20 ° С.

Kuma a cikin ƙarshen labarin game da zebrafish, bari mu sake komawa zuwa ga gyaran kifi na asali. Amintattun launuka masu haske da suke yaduwa a jikinsu ana kiransu mai kyalli saboda sun fara haske lokacin da suke dauke da hasken shudi da hasken ultraviolet, amma su kansu ba za suyi haske cikin duhu ba.

A halin yanzu, hasken wuta na musamman sun bayyana a kan siyarwa, wanda, ƙirƙirar tasirin hasken walƙiya, yana haifar da kyawun haske na kifin transgenic da kayan adon abubuwa da yawa waɗanda suma suke haskakawa cikin yanayin da ya dace. A Taiwan, Sin, da kudu maso gabashin Asiya, ƙirƙirar tasirin ruwa waɗanda ke daɗaɗuwa cikin sanyin yamma ya zama na zamani. Daɗaɗawa, zaku iya samun irin wannan ƙirar tafkunan gida tare da mu. Ra'ayoyin game da kyawawan ƙimar irin waɗannan kifayen suna da bambanci sosai: daga sha'awa zuwa kammala ƙin yarda. Aquariums na Yaren mutanen Holland ko "na halitta", waɗanda aka tsara a cikin hanyar Takashi Amano, suna haifar da ƙarancin ra'ayi. Koyaya, ra'ayoyin game da kifin transgenic kansu suma basu da tushe. Kuma, duk da haka, sun kara fadada ra'ayinmu game da yadda za'a kirkiri akwatin kifin. Amma don alkali mai kyau ko mara kyau don kanku.

Danio Malabar, Danio Devario

Danio devario kifi ne mai ƙwazo. A koyaushe suna cikin motsawa. Hakanan suna cikin kwanciyar hankali da kuma kifin kifin kifayen makarantu waɗanda suka fi son yin iyo ko'ina, wato, a cikin ƙananan, tsakiya da babba na ruwa.

A matsayin makwabta, ya fi musu kyau su zaɓi aiki guda ɗaya, yayin da kifin da ba na ƙyamar kishi ba. Kuna buƙatar adana kifin zebra a cikin akwatin rufeffen kifin, tsawonsa shine 80 cm, tsayinsa shine 40-50 cm.

Ya kamata a sanya ƙasa mai duhu a ƙasan akwatin kifaye, kuma a sa daskararren itace da tsire-tsire mai ruwa tare da ƙananan ganye a ciki, kuma za a dasa su tare da gefen gefen da bangon baya. Ya kamata a kunna akwatin kifaye mai haske sosai, yayin da hasken ya kamata a watsa. Hakanan wajibi ne don samar da tacewa, aeration da canjin ruwa zuwa kashi 20% na girma sau daya a mako.

Habitat

Mafi yawan kifayen kifi suna zaune a cikin tafkuna masu ɗanɗano da gishiri a gabar gabashin Yammacin Indiya da Pakistan. Da yawa daga cikinsu sun daɗe suna zaune a cikin tafkunan Bhutan, Bangladesh da Nepal. Dangane da yanayin kariya ta launi “hosiery” ba wuya a iya tunanin cewa a dabi'a suna rayuwa ne a gabar gabar teku a hankali kogunan ruwa suna tsaye.

Danio damisa

M cikin yanayi da kuma damisa kifin zebrafish suna taruwa a garken, kamar ruwa mai tsabta da haske, galibi suna zama kusa da ruwa, amma suna rayuwa a dukkan ruwa. Gwargwadon kifin (akalla mutane 6) yana jin daɗi a cikin akwatin kifayen gama gari, tsawonsa ya wuce 60 cm wanda kuma dole ne a rufe shi daga sama.

A cikin akwatin kifaye, akwai maɓuɓɓuka na tsire-tsire na akwatin kifaye (dasa a cikin ƙasa da iyo iyo), daskararren itace, duwatsu, amma ya zama dole a kasance akwai 'yancin yin iyo, wuraren da ke da kyau. Wajibi ne don canza ɗaya daga cikin biyar na ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye sau ɗaya a mako, tacewa yana da kyawawa. Abinci: rayuwa a hade tare da kayan maye gurbin kayan lambu.

Iri zebrafish

A farkon karni na 19, masaniyar kimiya ta kasa da kasa Francis Hamilton ya yi bayanin wannan kifin. Duk nau'ikan zebrafish suna da kamannin jikin mutum, amma sun bambanta da girma, launi da sifa (taguwar da damisa). Sakamakon zaɓin, farin zebrafish ya bayyana. Dogon finik da wutsiya mai ban mamaki suna rarrabe su da mayafin rerios.

Danio Blue, Danio Kerra

Danio blue wani kifi ne mai son zaman lafiya, mai aiki da makarantar da ke haɗuwa da sauran nau'ikan kifin kifayen da suka fi son walƙiya mai haske. Yana da kyawawa don adana su a cikin fakitin wanda ya ƙunshi mutane 6-10. Danio Kerra ya fi son zama a tsakiya da ruwa na sama. A cikin abun ciki, waɗannan kifin akwatin kifaye ba su da ma'anar fahimta.

A sarari dasa cikin akwatin kifaye tare da tsire-tsire tare da ƙananan ganye, ba tare da shinge daban-daban da aka yi da duwatsu da snags, yi amfani da tsakuwa ko ƙananan pebbles kamar ƙasa. Kar ka manta barin yanki kyauta wanda kifayen za su iya iyo ba tare da wata matsala ba, suna haskaka shi da kyau. Rufe akwatin kifaye tare da murfi daga sama, kamar yadda kifin zebra ya kasance kifi mai tsalle sosai.

Shagunan dabbobi a yanzu suna sayar da nau'ikan kifin kifaye masu yawa. Mafi yawansu suna ba da shagunan kan layi, koda tare da jigilar kaya kyauta. Activean wasan zebrafish da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta suna cikin buƙatu a tsakanin masu binciken ruwa. Ba su da ma'ana kuma suna tare da wasu kifayen guda ɗaya. Farashin ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan kifi Whale ya bambanta da girman, launi da ƙira akan jiki. Misali, ruwan hoda mai tsattsauran rawaya yana da nauyin 65 rubles., Leopard - 81 rubles., GloFish orange - 190 rubles.

Ganowa ga yanayin tsare shine babban amfanin ƙananan rerios. Suna jin daɗin rayuwa a cikin ɗakunan ruwa waɗanda ba su da tsarin dumama ruwa, saboda suna da damar rayuwa a zazzabi da ke faɗuwa zuwa digiri 17. Amma kada ku riƙe su cikin matsanancin yanayi, saboda zasu iya mutuwa.

Karfin akwatin kifaye

Saboda haka mazaunan gidan tafki ba sa jin ƙunci da rashin jin daɗi, akwatin kifaye ya zama mai sarari. Encedwararrun masaniyar ruwa masu ruwa da tsaki suna jayayya cewa dole ne a fitar da zebrafish ɗaya aƙalla 4-5 na yawan adadin tanki. Don haka, mafi ƙarancin damar ajiyar gidan don kasafta don kiyaye makarantar zebrafish na mutane na matsakaici 5 ya kamata lita 25-30.

Babban kifin zebra a cikin akwatin kifaye zai zama mafi ban mamaki, kasan da aka rufe ƙasa mai duhu. Zai iya zama ƙananan kogi ko duwatsun teku na da'irar da aka kewaye da shi, yashi baƙar fata mai baƙi. Kafin cika tanki, irin nau'in ƙasar da ya zaɓa ya kamata a lalata - ƙwayar cutar a kan wuta ko tafasa.

Haske

Experiwararrun masaniyar cikin ruwa masu bada shawara sun bada shawara cewa lokacin shirya kifin ruwa don zebrafish, damu da hasken da ya dace na tanki. Yakamata hasken rana na waɗannan kifin ya zama aƙalla awanni 12. Kuna iya magance matsalar tare da kunna akwatin kifaye ta hanyar sanya fitila ko saka fitila a cikin murfin tanki.

Tsarin ruwa

Mafi yawan zafin jiki ruwa na waɗannan kifi ana ɗaukar su a cikin kewayon 18-23 °. Sarrafa zafin jiki na ruwa ta amfani da ma'aunin ma'aunin sankarar aquarium. A acidity na ruwa ya kamata bambanta tsakanin 6-8 PH, taurin - 5-18 °. Ya kamata a tuna cewa ruwa mai wuya da ruwa tare da ɗimbin yawa na rashin ruwa daga waje ba su dace da waɗannan kifayen ba. Sau ɗaya a kowace fewan kwanaki wajibi ne don aiwatar da sabunta ruwa a cikin tanki.

Mafi fifiko ga waɗannan kifayen abinci ne. Ba kamar catfishes da suka fi son cin abinci daga ƙasa ba, tsoran zebrafish suna cin abinci a saman ruwa. A saboda wannan dalili, yana da daraja a zaɓi nau'ikan abinci iri don iyo. Jikin jini, daphnia, cyclops - sabo da mai sanyi, cikakke ne ga waɗannan kifayen. Lokacin sayen waɗannan nau'ikan abinci, ya kamata ka kula da ingancin samfurin.

Suna son cin waɗannan kifayen da abinci mai bushe. A cikin nau'ikan shagunan zamani zaka iya samun nau'ikan busassun abincin da aka wadata da furotin, bitamin, carotenoids. Shahararrun samfuran sune Tetra da JBL. Ana ba da shawarar ciyar da waɗannan kyawawan halittu sau biyu ko sau uku a rana a cikin iyakantaccen rabo. Ya kamata a cire tarkace abinci mara abinci daga akwatin kifaye - don haka ruwan zai kasance cikin tsafta.

Duk da cewa zebrafish na cikin kifin kifin mara misalwa wanda zai iya rayuwa cikin yanayin karancin iskar oxygen a cikin dan lokaci, har yanzu suna buƙatar iska. Zuwa mafi girma, tana buƙatar kifin da ke ƙunshe cikin garken cikin karamin akwatin kifaye. Don haka dabbobi ba sa fama da rashin isashshen sunadarin oxygen, lokacin shigar da akwatin kifaye, zai zama tilas a sanya kayan aeration.

Ingantaccen ruwa yana da mahimmanci lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ya kusan iyakar iyaka. Tare da ƙara yawan zafin jiki, adadin oxygen wanda aka narkar da shi a cikin ruwa yana raguwa sosai, wanda hakan ke cutar da jin daɗin rayuwar mazaunan akwatin kifaye. Shigarwa da tacewar zai bada damar tsaftace tsabtace da kuma tsabtace ruwa. Wannan zai taimaka wajen rage yawan girbi, wanda yakan haifar da damuwa da rashin jin daɗi a cikin kifi.

Shuke-shuke da kayan ado

Yi kyawawan akwatin kifayen tare da kifin zebrafish mai haske har ma da ban mamaki za su ba da damar kyawawan wurare da tsirrai. A matsayin kayan adon kayan ado, zaku iya amfani da daskararren itace, kayan kwalliya da kogon dutse, rassan bishiyoyi, harsasai da murjani, kayayyakin yumbu da kayayyakin gilashi. Wadannan abubuwan ba wai kawai suna ba wa gidan girki cikakken kallo ba, har ma suna samar da mafaka ga kifin.

An lura cewa zebrafish, ta firgita wani abu (mutane, sauti mai girma, filasha na haske), suna ɓoyewa a cikin tsari ko a tsakanin tsirrai. Idan babu ɗayan ɗayan ko ɗayan a cikin akwatin kifaye, wannan zai kara tsananta damuwa ga duk mazaunan ɗakin gidan. Kusan dukkanin nau'ikan tsire-tsire da aka sani za'a iya dasa su a cikin tankin zebrafish.

Mutane nawa ne suke rayuwa kuma menene ya dogara dashi?

Rayuwar Danio ta dogara da jinsin, amma a matsakaici suna rayuwa kimanin shekaru 3-4. Don haɓaka rayuwar kifaye, ana bada shawara don kiyaye sharuɗɗan masu zuwa:

• samar da abinci na yau da kullun, iri-iri,
• Kula da tsabta da kuma kayan ruwa, sanya shi tare da oxygen,
• kula da kyakkyawan haske da tsari na akwatin kifaye,
• kamar yadda makwabta zabi kawai lumana rabo jinsin.

Gaba ɗaya, Danio ba za a iya kiyaye shi tare da jinsin tsinkaye ba, ko tare da kwanciyar hankali, amma manyan kifayen da zasu iya hadiye ƙananan maƙwabta. Bugu da kari, yana da kyau a lura daban da nau'ikan masu zuwa:

1. Macropod. Yana kishin yankin da himma, ya kori ƙananan mutane kuma yana iya kashe kifaye, yana tilasta shi bugawa da sauri a kan ganuwar akwatin kifaye.
2. Cichlids. Wannan nau'in yana ganin ƙananan kifi, ciki har da Danio, a matsayin abinci, don haka riƙe su gaba ɗaya ba a yarda da su ba.
3. Kifin zinari. M amma sahihan ra'ayi wanda zai iya kwantar da hankali ɗan ɗan Danios. Ko da a cikin babban akwatin kifaye masu yawa, kusancin kifin gwal zai zama mara hadari. Bugu da kari, kifayen mai gudana mai rauni na iya cutar da makwabta na nishaɗi, don haka ba a bada shawarar wannan zaɓin don rabawa a ɓangarorin biyu.
4. Kifi mai ruwa mai sanyi. Yana da ma'ana cewa suna da buƙatu daban-daban na ruwan zafin jiki, don haka ba shi yiwuwa a kiyaye su a cikin akwatin kifaye ɗaya.
5. Teteradon. An bambanta ta da yanayin tsinkayen aiki: yana kai hari ga garken Danios da ke motsawa koyaushe, yana kashe wani ɓangaren kifin kuma yana cin su.
6. Cichlids da Tattaunawa.Suna da girman girma, halin 'yan tawaye da muradin tsira daga dukkan maƙwabta daga yankinsu. Musamman wanda ba a ke so shi ne kusancin jinsin annabta, alal misali, Astronotus.

A ƙarshe, ya cancanci a ambaci kifin katako (kamar Antsistrusy ko Tarakatum). Masu ruwa da tsaki aquarists suna ƙaunar su don unpretentiousness, kamar yadda kuma don ikon tsaftace ƙasa da mafaka daga sharar gidaje daban-daban, amma ba za a iya sanya su a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da Danio ba.

Gaskiyar ita ce kifayen kifi suna da yawa girma, don haka ƙananan kifayen abincinda zasu yi kama da abinci mai rai.

Kiwo da kiwo

A cikin kiwo zebrafish kifi yawanci ba ya tashi matsaloli. Yawancin lokaci, waɗannan halittu masu ban sha'awa suna ba da zuriyarsu ba tare da wani motsawa daga waje ba. Koyaya, a wasu halayen, yana yiwuwa don ƙirƙirar yanayi a cikin su don haihuwar. Ya kamata a fayyace cewa zebrafish ba kifayen da suke da rai, kuma zuriyarsu ke tasowa daga caviar.

Domin samun zuriya daga kifin zebrafish, kuna buƙatar sauke wasu ma'aurata da maza a cikin ƙasa (kuna iya sauke mace 1 da maza 2). Don rarrabe tsakanin samari - yara maza daga kifi - 'yan mata suna ba da damar girman su da kyawun launi. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, mace koyaushe tana da girma fiye da maza, kuma launinta na zama paler.

Kafin spawning, wani akwatin kifaye ya kamata a shirya. Don haka, a ƙasa na tanki, wanda ke aiwatar da aikin filaye, ya wajaba don shimfida wani yanki na ƙasa ko sanya grid tare da ƙananan ƙwayoyin. Plantsarancin tsire-tsire masu ruwa tare da mai yawa, kyawawan launuka masu laushi kuma suna dacewa. Tsarin kasa a wannan yanayin ya zama dole don rufe qwai, wanda manya za su iya ci bayan yaye.

Tank ɗin ya cika zuwa tsakiya da ruwa, an haɗa mai gyara tare da shi kuma zazzabi ruwan ya tashi zuwa 24 °. Bayan wannan, sannu a hankali ana saukar da zafin jiki, yana ƙara sanyi, ruwa ya zauna a cikin tanki. Yana da Dole a rage zafin jiki zuwa 20-21 °. Irin waɗannan yanayi suna ba da gudummawa ga tashin hankali, wanda yawanci yakan faru ne a cikin kwanaki 1-3.

Kusan kwanaki 2-3, kananan kankanen larvae zasu fito daga qwai. Ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa sun girma da sauri kuma sun juya zuwa soya, sannan kuma zuwa ga mutane cikakkun abubuwa. Yayin aiwatar da canji na larvae a cikin soya (kuma daga baya, kamar yadda suke soya da kansu ke ci gaba), sakamakon zuriya zebrafish suna ciyar da kwai gwaiduwa, ciliates, da artemia. Da zaran soya sun girmi kadan kuma suka fi karfi, ana iya canza su zuwa wannan abincin da manya ke ci.

Ko da sabon shiga na iya shayar da Danio a gida. Da farko dai, ya zama dole domin koyon bambance mata daga maza. Idan ka lura da kananan jikin kifin, zaka iya ganin cewa maza sun fi kankanta girman jiki, yayin da kwayar mace tayi girma sosai kuma ana ganinta, musamman idan aka cika su da caviar.

Don sanin ko matan Danio suna shirye don tsinke, kuna buƙatar duba ciki na mata, wanda ya kamata yayi daidai da fadi a cikin bayan da gaban jiki.

Mace da maza masu rerio

Don filaye masu tsalle-tsalle, ana bada shawara don amfani da akwatin kifaye tare da ƙarar har zuwa lita 10, wanda aka sanya a cikin wurin da aka kunna. Ya kamata a yi ƙasa da tsire-tsire, a latsa su da pebbles. Bayan haka, ruwan da aka adana don kwana biyu ana zuba shi a cikin tanki, wanda ya kamata ya rufe ganye da kimanin cm 6. A maraice, an ƙaddamar da kifi a cikin akwatin kifin, wanda ya dace da sabbin yanayi cikin dare kuma yana fara jujjuyawar da safe.

Danio caviar an hadu dashi da madara ta namiji, lokacin barin jikin mace. Aya mace zata iya share ƙwai 450. A ripening tsari yana kai kwanaki 2-5, dangane da yanayin halitta. Qwai da ke rataye a ƙarƙashin ruwa tsawon kwanaki na iya zama abinci ga iyayensu, sabili da haka, bayan ɓarna da maza da mata, ya zama dole shuka su. Fry Danio Rerio a cikin mako guda don yin iyo ruwa mai zaman kanta.

Abin da za a ciyar kuma ta yaya?

Danio kifi ne mai omnivo da yawa wanda yake begen ci a rayuwa, bushe da abinci mai sanyi. Abu mafi mahimmanci shine tabbatar da cewa abincin ya bambanta, tunda tsawaita shan bushewar abinci yana haifar da ci gaba da cututtuka daban-daban.

A matsayinka na tushen, ana bada shawara don amfani da flakes don kifin na wurare masu zafi. Daphnia, ƙaramin jini, gwari da kuma ƙwayoyin shuka an ƙara dasu. Na 1 kashi na abinci mai kyau ya zama 5 sassan busassun kayan bushewa.

Kuna buƙatar ciyar da Danio sau 2 a rana: safe da maraice, kuma ya kamata a shirya ciyar da yamma kamar awanni biyu kafin a kashe fitilun. Yankin ya zama irin wannan cewa kifin zai iya ci shi nan da nan.

Wasu nau'in sun fi so su ɗauki abincin da ke iyo a ruwa, wasu kuma suna kama ta a cikin ruwan ruwa, amma babu Danio da zai ci daga gindin. Haka kuma, ba shi yiwuwa a hana isar da abinci, kamar yadda a nan gaba zai jujjuya, kuma wannan ya cutar da yanayin ruwa da kifi.

An yi imanin cewa Danio na iya yin kwana 3 zuwa 7 ba tare da abinci ba kafin matsalar lafiya ta fara.

Suna da haɗari ga yawan yin kiba da kiba, don haka sau ɗaya a wata suna buƙatar shirya ranar azumi (kar a ba abinci). Koyaya, a cikin yanayin rashin rashi, ya fi kyau kada a ɗauki kasada, amma a nemo hanyoyin ciyar da kifin (alal misali, yin amfani da mai ciyarwa ta atomatik).

Dace da sauran sauran akwatin kifaye mazaunan

Halin zaman lafiya da abokantaka na zebrafish yana ba su damar samun saukin rayuwa a cikin tafkin gida tare da wakilai da dama na gidan abincin kifaye. Su maƙwabta ne masu ban sha'awa ga kowane kifi mai matsakaici da marasa kifi. Don haka, kifaye masu zuwa za su zama maƙwabta masu kyau don zebrafish:

• guppies
• molliesia
• ƙaya
• karamin kifin kifi
• neons
• Pecilia
• gurus
• bakan gizo kifi.

Zebrafish tare da sikeli, wanda zasu iya rayuwa cikin kwanciyar hankali a rayuwa baki daya. Iyakar abin da ya jawo shi ne cewa masu ruwa da tsaki a ruwa sun yarda cewa yayin balaguron yanayi da kuma tsammanin zuriya, angelfish na iya nuna halayya zuwa ga zebrafish. Wannan halin yana faruwa ne saboda sha'awar dabarun masu zato don kare zuriyarsu nan gaba.

Arfafawar katako da ke rikice-rikice waɗanda ke haifar da kifin ƙauna ta zaman lafiya a duk faɗin akwatin kifaye, ciji da lalata ƙushinsu ba su dace ba kamar maƙwabta zebrafish. Abu ne wanda ba a ke so a kiyaye zebrafish tare da shrimps, matashin ɗan wane ne na waɗannan kifayen masu daɗin ci ne. Bugu da kari, gogaggun masaniyar ruwa masu ruwa da tsani suna jayayya cewa kasancewar karnukan zebrafish a cikin wannan tankin shrimp yana haifar da matsananciyar damuwa a karshen.

Kifin zinari, wanda ya fi gaban kifin zebra, kuma yana buƙatar yanayi daban daban na tsarewa, bai dace da maƙwabta ba. Idan ana rikici, kifin gwal na iya cutar da zebrafish har ma ya kashe shi. Bugu da kari, kifin zinar yana jin dadi sosai a cikin ruwan sanyi, yayin da zebrafish sun fi son ruwan dumi.

An hana shi sosai don ƙunsar zebrafish tare da manyan da / ko wakilan wakilai na gidan kifin na gidan kifaye. Don haka, matsakaitan girma da manyan nau'ikan kifin kifaye na ruwa, astronotuses, cichlids, da tattaunawa suna nuni da hadarin mutum ga wadannan halittu masu son zaman lafiya. Sau ɗaya a cikin tukunya guda tare da waɗannan nau'in kifaye, zebrafish ba zai samu damar rayuwa ba.

Don ƙarin bayani game da kulawa da tsaftar zebrafish, duba bidiyon da ke ƙasa.

Bukatun akwatin kifaye

Danios ya bambanta da sauran kifayen a cikin halayensu na aiki da wataƙila don hana motsi, don haka zagaye ko akwati mai dacewa ba ta dace da su ba. An bada shawara don amfani da akwatin kifaye wanda ke da tsawon elongated (siffar rectangular). Kifi yana son tsalle daga cikin ruwa, saboda haka dole ne a rufe akwatin kifin tare da gilashin murfin ko murfi.

Ruwa shine watakila babban abin da ke cikin akwatin kifayen, wanda ke shafar halaye da lafiyar kifayen kai tsaye. A cikin yanayi, Danios suna zama a cikin koguna na wurare masu zafi, amma basa buƙatar dumama ko ruwa na musamman. An bada shawara cewa ka sanya da kuma kula da waɗannan sigogi masu zuwa:

• zazzabi - daga 18 ° C zuwa 24 ° C (ga wasu nau'in, alal misali, Glofish, ana buƙatar ruwa mai ɗumi),
• acidity - a cikin kewayon 7-8 pH,
• tsaurin - daga 10 zuwa 15 ° dH.

Ana buƙatar canza ruwa lokaci-lokaci: kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na jimlar yawan ƙarfin ana shafawa duk mako. Sau ɗaya a wata, babban tsabtatawa na akwatin kifaye ya kamata a da za'ayi.

Fishaya daga cikin kifi yana buƙatar kimanin lita 3-4 na ruwa. Danio wani nau'i ne mai tsalle-tsalle wanda zai iya zama koyaushe idan mutane akalla 5-6 suna cikin garke ɗaya. Sabili da haka, yawan shawarar da aka bayar na akwatin kifaye a kowace garken ya zama lita 20-30.

A aikace, ƙwararren masanyan ruwa masu amfani da ruwa suna amfani da akwatin ruwa tare da ƙima na kimanin lita 50 ko fiye. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa wasu nau'in Danio suna da girman jiki (har zuwa 10 cm), wanda ke nufin cewa suna buƙatar ƙarin sararin samaniya. Sauran nau'in don rayuwa ta yau da kullun suna buƙatar samar da garken mutum 8 - 8.

Daban-daban na Danio suna buƙatar yanayi daban-daban a cikin akwatin kifaye. Koyaya, ga wasu shawarwari gaba ɗaya:

• kasan kasan akwatin kifaye dole ne a rufe shi da ƙasa mai duhu ɗaya (ƙananan pebbles, kwakwalwan tsakuwa), zai ƙarfafa launi mai haske na kifin,
• kar a sanya manyan duwatsu, manyan abubuwa masu kaifi a doron kasa, amma an ba da shawarar barin wasu nau'ikan snags ko mafaka,
• kusa da ganuwar akwatin kifaye, myriophyllum, kabomba da sauran tsire-tsire masu tsayi da ƙananan ganyayyaki ana shuka su.

A lokacin da ake yalwar akwatin kifaye, ya kamata ka kula da zaɓin wasu nau'in.

Don haka, wani yana son yin iyo a cikin ruwa, wani, akasin haka, yana jin daɗi tsakanin tsirrai tare da ganyayyaki masu yawa.

Zai yi wuya a ba da takamaiman shawarwari a wannan yanayin. Lokacin yin ado da akwatin kifaye tare da kasar gona da tsire-tsire, yana da mahimmanci don ci gaba daga ka'idar “ma'anar gwal" kuma ƙara abubuwan da suke ciki a cikin adadin da ya dace da ido, saboda babu mai yawa kuma babu mai yawa.

Ciyar da abinci

Rerio ya fi ƙaunar hadiye abinci daga saman ruwan. Amma, idan murfin sun fara narkewa, za su yi farin ciki da yawa a ƙasan akwatin kifaye. Mutane da yawa sun gwammace suyi amfani da busasshen abinci, amma muna bada shawara sosai akan dillancin kifin tare da abinci mai rai:

• karamin jini,
• Artemia
• ice cream bututun mai.

Yakamata a goge dry daphnia da yatsunsu, saboda wacce aka kirkiro ƙananan gutsuttsura, wanda Rerio zai iya haɗiye ba tare da wata matsala ba.

Dace da sauran kifayen

Saboda yanayin ƙaunar zaman lafiya, yana yiwuwa a ɗauke da Danio Rerio tare da nau'ikan kifin kifayen dabbobi marasa saurin rikici:

Bai kamata a zauna dasu tare da Barbus Denison da makamantansu ba (astronotuses, Koi carps, fishfish, tattauna, cichlids), tunda wannan maƙiyin zai cutar da ƙashin da ƙyallen. An ba da shawarar kiyaye Rerio a cikin garken, daga guda 10 zuwa 15 (aƙalla mutane 5). A wannan yanayin, za a lura da matsayi tsakanin kifin, kuma gaba daya dan gidan zai sami damar jure yanayin damuwa.

Shin zan zabi kifaye na farko don akwatin kifayena?

Danio ɗaya daga cikin kifin ne mai ƙaunar zaman lafiya, saboda haka kuna buƙatar zaɓar maƙwabta waɗanda suka dace saboda su. Babban kifin zaman lafiya da nau'ikan zuriya sun zalunci ƙaramin garken Danios, ko kuma ɗaukarsu azaman abinci.

Ana samun daidaituwa sosai idan mai ruwa da tsaki ya zaɓi nau'in halittu, irin su neons, guppies, da sauransu. Yana da mahimmanci cewa wasu nau'in Danio da kansu suna aiki azzalumi ko babban kifi mai adalci, saboda haka, kafin a daidaita maƙwabta, kuna buƙatar yin nazarin siffofin kowane nau'in jituwa na Danio.

Danio zai zama zaɓin da ya dace don mai fara binciken ruwa, saboda yanayin kulawarsu yana da sauƙi. 3 manyan dalilan da yasa Danio zai zama kyakkyawan zabi don akwatin kifayen:

1. Abin da mai shi ke bukata kawai shi ne zai kula da ciyarwar da ta dace da kuma kiyaye wasu sigogin ruwan.
2. Daga cikin abubuwan, Danio da wuya ya kamu da rashin lafiya, ya kasance yana haifar da sauƙi kuma yana da yanayin kwanciyar hankali, wanda ke kawar da yiwuwar matsaloli da yawa. Wasu nau'in, duk da haka, suna gabatar da buƙatun kansu, duk da haka, don cika su shima ba mai wahala bane.
3. Ba shi da tsada, koda kuwa wani abu ya kasa kuma kifayen sun mutu saboda wasu dalilai da ba a san su ba, wanda ba sabon abu bane ga masu fara binciken ruwa, zaku iya siye kuma ku sake gwadawa.

Godiya ga waɗannan fa'idodin, amsar a bayyane - yana da daraja, kifin zai zama kyakkyawan zaɓi don akwatin kifaye, musamman kamar yadda dabbobin gida na farko.

Yaduwa a gida

Danios yayi saurin sauƙi kuma da yardar rai. Ciyarwa mai yawa tare da abinci na rayuwa yana zama alamar ƙirar halitta don fara haifuwa. A wasu halayen, masu binciken aquarist din ba ma lura cewa kifaye suna shirye don tsabtace su. Haka kuma, ana iya kula dashi, tunda wannan tsari yakan faru da sassafe, kuma manya da yawa sukan ci ƙwai.

Don haka, idan kuna shirin ɗaukar Danio, to, "iyayen" suna buƙatar da za a ɗaure shi a cikin akwatin katange daban.

Ya kamata a rufe ƙarshen ƙasa mai shinge tare da keɓaɓɓiyar net, wanda zai kare ƙwai daga manya, saboda haka ba za su ci shi ba.

A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, larvae ƙyanƙyashe daga qwai kwanaki da yawa bayan spawning. Na farko, ba su da motsi a farfajiya inda caviar ta buge.

A matsayinka na mai mulki, tsari na musamman da aka shirya don soya ya zama abinci. Sun ƙunshi plankton, ƙananan crustaceans da ciliates daban-daban. Bayan soya girma zuwa 15 mm, ya kamata a hankali su saba da abinci na yau da kullun.

Cututtuka

Mafi yawan cututtukan Danio Rerio sune:

1. Cutar tarin fuka. An gabatar da kamuwa da cuta tare da ƙasa, tsirrai da kifi mara lafiya. Kula da rashin lafiya ta hanyar alamu: halin ƙi, rashin ci, asarar sikeli. Ana iya maganin ta tare da Kanimycin kawai a farkon matakin farko.
2. Alkalosis. Cutar na faruwa yayin adana kifi a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da ma'aunin ruwan-acid marar daidaitawa. Rerio ya fara nuna hali cikin nutsuwa, yana tsalle daga ruwan. A launi na iya Fade, kifi fara rub da bango ko pebbles.
3. Lumshe ido. Dalilin shine ingancin ruwa mai gamsarwa.
4. Kiba. Wannan matsalar tana faruwa ne saboda yawan shan ruwa.
5. Girma a jiki. Ya kamata a watsa kifin mara lafiya zuwa cikin wani akwatin kifaye daban, inda aka kula da yawan zafin jiki na ruwa a digiri 28. Don cire haɓakar haɓaka, ana bada shawarar yin wanka.
6. Trichondiosis Yana tsokani haɓakar cutar sankara mai ciliates-trichodine. Kifin ya fara rub da bangon akwatin akwatin, datti mai rufi ya bayyana akan jikin, launin ya canza, ya zama paler.

Yaya ta banbanta da sauran kiwo?

Danio ya kafa kansa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin kifin da ke da kwanciyar hankali, amma masu mallakar galibi suna haɗuwa da akasin haka: ɗaiɗaikun sukan bi juna ko zaluntar juna.

Wannan halayen na iya zama na al'ada, saboda Danio yana da fa'ida da aiki a yanayi. Kifayen suna bin juna ba tare da wata fitina ba - wannan shine yadda rayuwar su tayi, dukda cewa ga alama ga masu mallakar da yawa basu san cewa rikici yana faruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye ba.

Rikice-rikice na iya faruwa a zahiri, tunda Danio yana buƙatar kiyaye shi cikin garken, girman girmansa akalla mutum 5 ne. Wasu maza a cikin irin waɗannan yanayin har yanzu suna jin ƙarfin zuciya kuma sun fara kai hari ga wasu kifayen.

Hakanan ana iya haifar da halayyar maza yayin haihuwar Danio, kamar a wannan lokacin suna bin maza, don haka kuna buƙatar yin hankali da kula da “matsayin” mace a cikin akwatin kifaye.

Idan akwai mummunan halin da ya taso daga takamaiman mutane, to girman garken yana buƙatar ƙara girma. An mai da hankalin mai zalunci akan duk kifin, kuma a ƙarshe ya daina zalunci.

A baya ance Glofish wani gyaran halittar Danio Rerio ne. Masana kimiyya sunyi ƙoƙarin canza fata kawai, amma gabatarwar kwayar halittar mai kyalli a cikin wani yanayi ya shafi duk tsarin kifin.

Baya ga haske mai ban mamaki, wannan nau'in yana da fasalin halaye da yawa:

• launuka iri-iri na fata,
• azurfa ratsi (a cikin wasu Danios, a matsayin mai mulkin, shuɗi ko ratsi na zinariya),
• jikin elongated (har zuwa 5 cm, a cikin wasu nau'in - har zuwa 3 cm),
• buƙatar ruwan dumi (kamar 27-29 ° C).

Sauran Glofish iri ɗaya ne kifi na makarantar kamar yadda sauran nau'in Danio, wanda ba shi da ma'ana ga yanayin tsarewa.

Kammalawa

Danio ƙananan makarantu ne na garken dabbobi waɗanda ke bambanta su da yanayin kwanciyar hankali da aiki mai girma. A matsayin makwabta, nau'in da ke da halaye iri ɗaya, alal misali, Guppies ko Neons, sun fi dacewa da su. Babban kifin zaman lafiya yana iya ɗaukar Danio a matsayin abinci, kuma masu yawan dabbobi zasu fara farauta, saboda irin wannan nau'in bai dace da zama tare ba.

Babban fa'idar Rerio shine ikonsa na rayuwa a cikin kowane yanayi. Suna jin daɗin girma a cikin hanyoyin ruwa wanda ba a shigar da tsarin dumama ruwa ba, saboda suna iya rayuwa a yanayin zafi wanda ya sauka zuwa digiri 18. Amma, duk da rashin fassara, mutane kada su sa Danio Rerio cikin matsanancin yanayi, kamar yadda kifayen za su iya yin rashin lafiya kuma su mutu.

Girgiza kai

Danio Glofish - abincin dabbobi na farko da aka inganta shi, tushen shi shine nau'in Danio Rerio. Masana kimiyya sunyi ƙoƙarin cimma fatar fata, wanda har zuwa wani ɗan lokaci sun yi nasara. Baya ga wannan sabon abu mai kyau, mai walƙiya mai haske, Glofish ya mallaki waɗannan halaye na musamman:

• kara girman jiki (ya kai 5 cm, a cikin mafi yawan Danios - har zuwa 3-4),
• hali don ƙarin ruwa mai ɗumi (kimanin 27-29 ° С).

Ta wata hanyar, Glofish kamar ba a tsara shi ba don kulawa da irin nau'in Danio na yau da kullun.

Maballin Gilashin Multicolored

Haske

Wannan nau'in galibi yana rikicewa tare da Glofish, amma "haske" saboda launin fata na fata ne. Dole ne maigidan da ke son samun wannan kifin ya kula da abubuwan da ke gaba:

• ɗayan ƙananan kifi (ya kai kawai 2-2.5 cm),
• yana buƙatar tsabtace ruwa mai tsabta (kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na buƙatar a canza shi a kowane kwanaki 10-12),
• ƙarancin garken tumaki - mutum 10,
• ku ci kowane irin abinci, amma ya kamata ya zama ƙarami (busasshen abincin yana buƙatar zama ƙasa kaɗan, mai sanyi - don ɓarna, da rayuwa - don yanke).

Bugu da kari, Gobarar ba ta da takamaiman fifiko da bukatun. Ana iya samun sauƙin kiyayewa koda ta novice.

Khopra

Rerio

Takaitaccen Rerio ɗayan shahararrun nau'in halitta ne, shi ne ainihin abin da suke yawanci sauƙin magana lokacin da suke magana game da Danio. Zuwa na sama, ya cancanci ƙara kawai cewa tsawon cikin akwatin kifaye don Rerio yakamata ya wuce tsayinsa, tunda waɗannan kifayen suna shirya gungume kwance a bayan juna.

Thearar tanki don garken kifi na 10-20 ya kamata ya zama daga lita 30 zuwa 70. Yana da mahimmanci cewa tsire-tsire masu iyo iyo tsire-tsire suna cikin ciki, tunda Rerio wani lokacin suna buƙatar hutawa daga danginsu masu aiki.