Waɗannan katuwar squirrels suna ƙaunar zama a cikin dazuzzukan bushe da ciyayi mai daɗi.

Ratufa tailed (lat. Ratufa macroura) yana zaune a Sri Lanka da Kudancin India, ana iya samun ratufa mai sau biyu a cikin gandun daji na Burma, Nepal, Gabashin Indiya da Indochina, Malay ratufa ta yaɗu a Indonesia da kuma Tsibirin Malaysia, ratufa Indiya kusan ta mamaye yankin Hindustan zuwa arewa zuwa Orissa da Surat.

Ratufs suna da kusan 50 cm tsayi kuma suna nauyi har zuwa 3 kilogiram. Saƙar irin waɗannan squirrels sau da yawa daidai yake da tsawon jiki. Mafi qarancin nau'ikan wadannan squirrels sun sha bamban da girman su da takwarorinsu - a tsayinsu irin wadannan sunadaran sun kai kusan 25-30 cm, amma, dole ne a ce irin waɗannan sigogi suna da mafi girman sunadarai na yau da kullun.

Ratufs na iya samun launuka iri-iri - daga haɗuwa mai kyau ta launin baki mai laushi tare da ruwan lemo ko ƙyallen ciki zuwa ƙarancin inuwar launin toka da launin ruwan kasa.

Kunnuwan ratuffin suna gajere kuma suna da sifa mai zagaye; babban raunin da aka yiwa raƙumi yana da kyawawan abubuwa a kunnuwa. A gaban kafafun waɗannan guraben, zaku iya ganin yatsu masu tsayi da ƙwallon ƙafa da kyau.

Ratufs, duk da girman su, suna cin abinci iri ɗaya kamar na squirrels - suna son cin abinci a kan kwayoyi, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, tsirran bishiyoyi, namomin kaza da lichens. Ba sa raina kananan tsiran bishiyoyi da itacen fure, suna iya kamawa suka ci manyan kwari, wani lokacin kuma sukan kai hari kanun tsuntsayen don neman ƙwai da kajin.

Suna son su zauna shi kaɗai, da wuya a wuri guda za'a iya samun su fiye da biyu. Yanar Gizon da wannan ko waccan kurar ta zabi wa kanta na iya bambanta a bangarori daban-daban dangane da lokacin shekara da wadatar abinci.

Ratufs suna zaune a rawanin bishiyoyi masu tsayi. Wadannan squirrels suna motsawa a cikin tsalle-tsalle, duk da haka, idan aka kwatanta da tsalle-tsalle na kujerun talakawa, tsalle-tsalle ɗin su na iya kaiwa har zuwa 6 m a tsayi. Ratufs na iya tsalle-tsalle 5-10 zuwa ƙasa, sauka a lokaci guda akan manyan faffadu na ƙafafunsu.

Shekarun lokacin haihuwa na babban-wutsiya ratufa kwanaki 28 ne, bayan haka wannan gina jiki ya samar da guda biyu ko biyu. Belchata ratufas, kamar squirrels talakawa, an haife su tsirara kuma makafi, haɓaka su yana faruwa a hankali.

Inna na squirrel tana ciyar da cuban ta da madara tsawon shekara ɗaya da rabi. Bayan sun kai watanni shida, sunadaran matasa suka balaga. Yawancin lokaci akwai broods guda uku a cikin shekara guda, a cikin mafi yankuna m yankuna ya rage zuwa biyu.

Shekarun rayuwar 'ya'yan itacen farawa a cikin daji kusan shekara 5-6 ne. A cikin bauta, irin waɗannan sunadarai galibi suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 15.

Ratufa tana da nau'ikan hudu:

• Ana samun Babban Tatu Ratufa (Ratufa macroura) a Kudancin India da Ceylon.
• Rtufa biyu-sautin (R. bicolor) suna zaune ne a Burma, Nepal, Indochina, da Gabashin Indiya.
• Dandalin garin Malay (R. affinis) ya zama ruwan dare a Indonesia da kuma a gabar ruwan Malacca.
• Ratufa ta Indiya (R. indica) tana zaune kusan dukkan Penyancin Indiya zuwa Surat da Orissa.
  

Siffofin halayyar ratuf

Ratufs lamunin ƙasa ne, ba kasafai ake samunsu a wuri guda ba fiye da mutane biyu. Sunadarai suna sarrafa tasirin abinci na mutum. Iyakokinsa na iya bambanta a yankuna daban-daban dangane da adadin abinci da lokacinsa.

A ratufas a rawanin bishiyoyi masu tsayi suna motsawa a cikin tsalle. Koyaya, idan aka kwatanta da tsalle-tsalle talakawa, ana iya kiran motsi nasu ainihin jirgin sama mai tsayi zuwa mita 6.

Babbar squirrels kuma za ta iya tsallake zuwa ƙasa 5-10 mita ƙasa, saukowa a lokaci guda a kan ci gaban m paw makullin.

Abinci mai gina jiki

Ratufs suna samun abincinsu akan bishiyoyi. Squirrels suna ciyar da tsaba, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari,' ya'yan itace, ƙwaya, namomin kaza da lichens Ana cin ciyawar bishiyar bishiya da fure, an sami manyan kwari, an kori ciyawar tsuntsaye don neman ƙwai da kajin.

Manyan abincin furotin sun hada da kayan shuka, manyan kwari, qwai da kajin.

Habitat, mazauni

Yankunan rarraba babban tabkin Indian ba ta iyakance ga yankin ruwan Indiya ba, amma yana shimfida sosai. Wannan reshen itacen wakilci ya yi nasara kan tsaunukan Sri Lanka, dazuzzukan kurmi na Kudancin India da kuma tsibiran Indonesia, har ma da wasu yankuna na Nepal, Burma, China, Vietnam da Thailand.

Gaskiya ne, kewayon babban giirin Indiya yana raguwa saboda karuwar bishiyoyi da aka sare: dabbobin da suka fi so su zauna a cikin gandun daji mai danshi ana tilasta su neman sababbin wuraren zama.

A hanyar, rarraba Ratufa nuni zuwa ƙananan hukumomi yana da alaƙa daidai da hanyar raba kewayon. Masana ilimin halitta sun gano cewa kowa ba wai kawai ya mamaye wani yanki ne na yanki ba, amma kuma ya banbanta da irin nasu launi. Gaskiya ne, masana kimiyya ba su yarda da adadin adadin kuɗin zamani na manya manyan dabbobin India ba.

Abin ban sha'awa ne! Hujjojin bangarorin da ke yaƙin sun samo asali ne sakamakon sakamakon binciken biyu da aka yi ... ƙarni uku da suka gabata. Sannan an gano cewa Ratufa indica ta hada 4 (a cewar wasu kafofin 5) rakodin dake da alaƙa da juna.

A cewar wasu rahotannin, ba a samun tallafin Ratufa indica dealbata a lardin Gujarat ba, wanda ke nufin cewa kawai muna buƙatar magana game da ƙananan hukumomi 4, watakila ma uku. Masana ilmin halitta ba su yarda da su ba, suna bambanta nau'ikan zamani takwas na babban kure a Indiya, gwargwadon takamaiman launi da kuma wurin zamansa.

Guda shida daga cikin mambobi takwas an bayyana su kamar haka:

• Ratufa indica dealbata - wani duhu mai launin rawaya / rawaya mai launin shuɗi wanda ke zaune a cikin dazuzzukan daji masu danshi mai sanyi kusa da Dang,
• Ratufa indica centralis - wani itace mai santsi / duhu mai duhu wanda ke zama a cikin dazuzzukan daji na bushe-bushe na Tsakiyar Indiya ta Tsakiya, kusa da Khoshangabad,
• Ratufa indica maxima - mai karfi mai launin shuɗi-baki / duhu mai ruwan-sanyi, gemu ko gashi mai duhu, da ke zaune a cikin tsaunukan da ke daɗaɗɗen bakin tekun Malabar,
• Ratufa indica bengalensis - wata dabbar da ke zaune a gabar dazuzzukan daji na tsaunukan Brahmagiri zuwa gabar Tekun Bengal,
• Ratufa indica superans - kurege da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, launin fata ko launin ruwan kasa-mai launin shuɗi,
• Ratufa tacika mata.

Wasu masu binciken sun hakikance cewa yakamata a rarrabe kowane ɗaya daga cikin babbar gilashin Indiya a matsayin jinsin. Tattaunawar kimiyya game da nau'ikan Ratufa indica na ta gudana sama da ƙarni, kuma ba a san ainihin lokacin da za su ƙare ba.

Yaduwa da ratufa

Ratufa tana tsara matsuguni a cikin manyan wuraren rami da ke tsakiyar ko babba na kambin itacen.

Yana da kwanaki 28 na gestation. Yana bayar da guda ɗaya ko biyu. An haife su tsirara da makafi, gaba ɗaya marasa taimako, cigaban su yana da ɗan jinkiri. Mace tana ciyar da squirrels da madara tsawon wata daya da rabi. Yawanci, a cikin shekara guda, ratufa yana da broods uku, a cikin mafi ƙarancin mazauninsu adadinsu yana raguwa zuwa biyu. Watanni shida bayan haka, sunadaran matasa sun sami damar ninkawa. Shekarun ratufa a cikin yanayi shine shekaru 5-6. A cikin zaman talala, manya-manyan dabbobin za su iya rayuwa tsawon - har zuwa shekaru 15.

Motsin kurege ana samun su ta hanyar ingantattun hafsoshi da kannunsu a goshinsu, wanda ke bawa dabbobi damar matse idan suna tsalle.

Bala'in abincin Indian

Wadannan sandunan katako basu da takamaiman abubuwan buƙata na ciki - suna cinye kusan duk abin da zasu iya kaiwa. Tsarin menu na manya manya na India ya hada da:

• 'ya'yan itacen marmari masu yawa,
• haushi da furanni
• kwayoyi
• kwari
• qwai.

Lokacin cin abinci, sinadarin yana tsaye a kan kafafunsa biyu kuma zai sha gaban kafafunsa na gaba, yana lalata da 'yayan itacen. . Ana amfani da dogayen wutsiya a matsayin mara nauyi - yana taimaka wa masu cin abincin abinci su sami daidaito.

Matsayin muhalli na zauren gari

An jera Ratufa a cikin jerin IUCN a matsayin jinsin da lambobin su ke cikin haɗari. An jera nau'ikan rattool a cikin Littafin Layi na Duniya. Sake ajiyewar, a cikin abin da ake samun kariya ta manya manyan kwari, ana yin su a Srivilliputtur da Tamil Nadu a Indiya.

Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.

Kiwo da zuriya

Har yanzu ba'a karanci halayen haifuwa na Ratufa ba. Sanannen abu ne, misali, cewa kafin a fara manyan ayyukan manyan 'yan Indian dabarun bahaushe sai su daidaita daya bayan daya, amma, samar da ma'aurata, sun kasance da aminci ga rabinsu na tsawon lokaci.

Abin ban sha'awa ne! A cikin lokacin mating, maza suka sauka daga itaciya, suka fara bin abokin tarayya, suna yin gasa da juna sosai. Kowane sanda ya kera gidaje da dama a wani ƙaramin tsari: a cikin wasu shingayen suna barci, a cikin wasu kuma sun yi aure.

A cikin gina gidaje, dabbobi suna amfani da rassa da ganyayyaki, suna ba da fasalin fasalin sifa da kuma karfafa su akan rassan bakin ciki domin magabatan ba su isa wurinsu ba. Nests bayyana kansu kawai a lokacin lokaci fari, a lokacin da itatuwa suna balding.

Manyan 'yan India mata masu ma'abuta girma sau daya a shekara. Cutar ciki tana ɗaukar kwanaki 28 zuwa 35, kuma yaran sa suna da yuyuwar haihuwar cikin watan Disamba, Maris / Afrilu da Satumba. A cikin zuriyar dabbobi guda ɗaya (matsakaita) ana haife ƙananan squirrels 1-2, ba su da yawa - fiye da uku. Majallar garin tana da ilhami na mahaifiyarta wacce ba ta barin ta bama yaranta har sai sun fara ciyar da kansu kuma sun bar nasu gida.

Da wuya mutum ya taɓa ganin squirrel. Wannan karamar dabba mai launin ja mai jan gashi tare da dogayen kunnuwa da babban wutsiya mai sanyin hankali sanannu ne ga mutane da yawa, aƙalla bisa ga labarin Pushkin na Tsar Saltan: "kurege suna rera waƙoƙi kuma suna ɓoye komai." Paoƙonsa yana da ƙarfi tare da babban dogayen falle, godiya gareshi ya hau kan bishiyoyi da kyau, hakora masu kaifi suna saurin danna hazelnuts.

Tun zamanin d, a, alamomi daban-daban da imani suna da alaƙa da squirrel. Daga cikin Jafananci, ana ɗauka alama alama ce ta haihuwa, kuma a mafi yawancin ƙasashen Turai alama ce mara tausayi, runduna mai lalacewa, a fili saboda jan gashi da azama, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da yanayin rashin wuta.

Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi yawan rodents a duniya. Wataƙila kuma saboda ya sami saukin hulɗa da mutane. A cikin wuraren shakatawa na birni, masu ba da fatawa marasa lafiya ba sa tsoron sauka daga bishiya kuma suna kula da kansu kai tsaye daga hannayensu. Wannan irin dabba ce mai saukin kai, mai salama.

Sunadaran sunadarai 48 suke dashi, basu da kasa da nau'ikan 280. Irin wannan babban nau'in squirrel yana zaune a duk nahiyoyi in banda Australiya kuma, a zahiri, Antarctica, basa cikin Madagascar, ba za'a iya ganin ko'ina a Afirka da Kudancin Amurka ba, amma yalwatacce a Turai.

A wannan masarautar ja, karamar dabba karami yakai 7.5 cm, tsawanmu da muka saba da shi ya kai 30 cm, amma ya zama cewa akwai wakilai manya-manya na duniyar squirrel. Shi ke nan game da su kuma tattaunawarmu za ta tafi.

Ratuf squirrel dabbobi ne mai ƙanshi mai ƙanshi wanda yake da girman gaske, yana zaune a cikin dazuzzukan daji masu ɗorewa na Kudancin Asiya. Mafi girma shine “miƙa” zuwa rabin mitoci, kuma tare da wutsiya wanda ba ƙasa da jiki ba, za a sami tsawon mita.

Irin wannan kuzarin ya kai kilogiram 3, wanda shine dalilin da yasa aka kira shi giant. Wadannan wakilai masu tsayi sosai na masarautar squirrel ba kamar su kananan pranks muke, wanda basuda nauyi sau 10.

Launin su bai saba da shi ba, yana haɗuwa da launuka da yawa, alal misali, baƙar fata a bango tare da ruwan lemo, rawaya ko ruwan kasa mai duhu akan ciki.

Har ila yau ana rarrabe kunnuwa ta hanyar tsarin su: sune irin waɗannan ƙananan kewaya, suna ƙare tare da buroshi kawai a babban Ratufa mai ɗaukar hankali, wanda ke ba shi nesa da murabba'in mu masu kyau.

A goshin, dogon yatsun da aka saƙa tare da madaidaiciya madaidaiciya waɗanda ke matattararsu lokacin tsalle, kuma suna ma giant, suna iya kaiwa tsawon mita 6.

Iri-iri iri iri na squatrels

A cikin halittar furotin Ratuf, akwai nau'ikan 4:

• Ratufa macroura . An rarraba shi a tsaunukan Sri Lanka (Sanskrit yana nufin "ƙasar albarka"), ana samunsa a Indiya a kudancin jihar Tamil Nadu da kuma bankunan katako na Kogin Kaveri. Tsawon jiki tare da kai shine 25-45 cm, tare da wutsiya ya bambanta tsakanin 50-90 cm Ana ɗauka mafi ƙanƙan girman kursiyin, ya kasu kashi uku: Ratufa m. macroura, Ratufa m. Dandolena, Ratufa m. Melanochra.
• Ratufa indica . Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, tana zaune a Indiya, a cikin wuraren dazuzzukan kurmi na kudu, amma kuna iya ganin ta a tsakiyar ƙasar a cikin jihar Madhya Pradesh. Irin waɗannan sunadarai tare da wutsiya sun kai tsawon 1 m, masu nauyi zuwa 2 kilogiram. Suna ciyarwa, a matsayin mai mulkin, a lokacin rana, suna zaune a cikin ware daga kananan iyalai, kowannensu yana da nasa sifofin launi. A cewar su, sun tantance daga wace ƙungiyar ɗaya ko wata ƙimmar yanayi ta asali. A cikin masana ilimin halittu, babu wani ra’ayi game da adadin yawan rukunin Ratufa na Indiya da ke wanzu, wasu sun ce kusan 5, wasu sun ce akwai 4 daga cikinsu, bisa dalilan cewa a arewa maso yammacin Indiya (jihar Gujarat) ɗayan da ake zargin ya ɓace. Akwai hukuncin da yawansu yakai 8 daga cikinsu gwargwadon nau'in launuka a wani yanki. Akwai muhawara a tsakanin masana kimiyya cewa wasu ragin yakamata a yi la’akari da su nau’i ne.
• Ratufa bicolor . An rarraba shi sosai a cikin tsaunukan daji masu zurfi da kuma wurare masu zafi na kudu maso gabashin Asiya (arewa maso gabashin Indiya, Nepal, Burma, China, Vietnam, Thailand, tsibirin Indonesia). A cikin tsayi zai iya zama mai mahimmanci fiye da mita (118 cm).
• Ruwan Ratufa affinis . Tana zaune a cikin dazuzzukan tuddai kusa da kujerun launi biyu, da kuma tsibirin Borneo (Kalimantan) a cikin tarin tsibirin Malay. Kasa da mita tsawon, nauyi zuwa 1.5 kilogiram. Akwai furododin da yawa na sunadarai masu ɗimbin yawa; wannan shine Ratufa a. Bancana, Ratufa a. Baramensis, Ratufa a. Bunguranensis, Ratufa a. Cothurnata, Ratufa. a. Ephippium, Ratufa a. Hypoleucos, Ratufa a. Insignis, Ratufa a. Polia

Ratuf Giant squirrel Rayuwa

Duk nau'in tsiro na zaune a cikin wuraren dazuzzukan ruwa na wurare masu zafi, galibi a cikin tsaunukan nesa. Yanke shawara a cikin bishiyoyi, bar su kawai idan akwai gaggawa. Yi tsalle daga reshe zuwa reshe tsawon nesa, don jin barazanar, ba su gudu, amma daskarewa, kamar matsewa a cikin akwati.

A karkashin yanayi na dabi'un halitta, manyan tsuntsayen masu farauta da damuna masu haɗari ne a gare su. Mafi yawan aiki a cikin bincikensu na safe da yamma, da tsakar rana, suna da “siesta”, suna zaune cikin jin daɗi a cikin matsuguninsu, hutu zai huta.

Dabba za a iya kiranta da bakin ciki, saboda tana kaunar kadaici, mutane da yawa suna tare. A matsayinka na mai mulki, maza da mata suna samun juna ne kawai a lokacin kiwo.

Wani lokaci ana zaɓin babban falo a wasu lokutan a matsayin wurin zama, galibi ana gina su ne a kambi na bishiyoyi don kada masu farautar, manyan-ƙanana-ƙanana, ba su isa ba. Akwai da yawa, ɗayan an tsara don barci, ɗayan an tsara shi don zuriya.

Dabbobi suna ciyar da kyaututtukan daji iri-iri: kwayoyi, shuka iri, ganye, namomin kaza da lasis, kada ku raina kwari, qwai tsuntsayen har ma da kajin, na iya cin takwarorinsu. Don haka suna da sha'awar mafarauta.

Lokacin damuna a cikin squirrels yakan faru sau da yawa a shekara. Lura da launin Ratufa mai launi biyu a cikin gandun daji ya nuna cewa ana haihuwar yara ne a cikin bazara da kaka, har zuwa ƙauyuka uku a cikin shekarar da ta dace, kuma biyu kawai ke cikin bushewar shekara.

Mace tana ɗaukar jarirai kwanaki 28-35, ɗaya ne ko biyu tsirara kuma makaho masu haife, mahaifiyar tana ciyar dasu da madara tsawon watanni 2. Bayan wata shida, bayan sun sami ƙarfi, sun sami 'yanci kuma sun iya haihuwa.

Barazana ga rayuwa da kare Ratufa

A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, manyan gilasai suna rayuwa sama da shekaru 6, a cikin aviaries, inda ba kwa buƙatar kashe kuzari kan neman abinci, 20 na iya rayuwa.

Dan Adam barazana ne ga wanzuwar Ratuf a dabi'a, saboda yana farautarsu saboda kyawawan fur da nama, yana sare gandun daji a mazauninsu. Don haka, adadin Ratuf bicolor saboda ayyukan ɗan adam ya ragu da 30%.

Kuma a lokaci guda, a matakin jihohi, mutum ya kula da adana yawan jama'a wanda a cewar Unionungiyar Internationalasa ta Duniya na Kula da Yanayi (IUCN), ke fuskantar barazanar ƙarewa.Don tseratar da Ratuf babban wutsiya daga ɓacewar ƙarshe, an sanya ta cikin Littattafai ta Duniya.

Don kiyaye wannan nau'in a cikin Srivilliputtura na Indiya, an kirkiro ajiyar kaya, wani yanki mafi yawan kiyaye garkuwar murabba'i yana cikin jihar Maharashtra. A cikin Turai, ana iya ganin ratuf a cikin wuraren kiwon dabbobi, alal misali, a cikin biranen Czech na Brno, Ostrava ko Leipzig (Jamus).

Kalli bidiyo game da Babban Tail Ratuf:

Babbar squirrel dabba ce mai son zaman lafiya da yarda da dabbar, mai cutar da mutane gaba daya. Sakamakon furcinsa da nama, har da halin rayuwa na tabarbarewa, yana cikin haɗarin haɗari. Don hana faruwar hakan, a Indiya da wasu ƙasashe inda suke zaune, ana ɗaukar ingantattun matakai don kare shi. Idan mutane ba su kiyaye wannan daskararren girgizar kasa ba, yanayin zai rasa sauran launuka masu haske. A cikin bambancin duk rayuwa a duniyarmu yana da kyawun rayuwa!

Ratufa dangin squirrel ne, masu iya bakin kokarin su. Ana kuma kiran wakilan wannan sifofin halittar.

Tsawon jikin ratufa kusan 50 cm ne, kuma nauyin ya kai kilo 3. Tailaƙƙarfan babban wutsiyar yana daidai da tsawon jiki.

Launi yana da bambanci sosai kuma yana da bambanci daga launin ruwan lemo zuwa ƙarancin launin toka da launin ruwan kasa. A kan wannan tushen, baƙar fata mai haske da laushi mai haske. Raan ratufa suna da kunnuwa masu zagaye da aka yi wa ado da tassels.

Paayoyin hannu na gaba tare da yatsunsu masu dogon hannu da manyan kannun dabarun yadudduka suna riƙe da fararen fata Mafi ƙarancin nau'ikan waɗannan sunadarai sun bambanta a girman su daga nau'ikan da ke da alaƙa: a cikin tsayi irin waɗannan sunadaran sun kai kusan 25-30 cm, duk da haka, waɗannan nau'ikan girman jiki suna kama da girman sunadarai na yau da kullun.

26.04.2018

Da ganin wannan dabbar mai ban mamaki da gashi mai launi iri-iri da kuma wutsiya mai tsayi, da kyar zaki iya gane shi a squirrel, lemur ko primate of wani irin.

Ga dabba mai ban sha'awa - Gian ƙwararren dutsen squirrel ko ratufa (Ratufa indica). A Indiya, ana kiran wannan babban sandar malabar.

Wadannan herbivores suna zaune a cikin gandun daji masu cike da yadodi, mai cike da bushewa da daskararre. Yankunan rarraba babban tabkin Indian ba ta iyakance ga yankin ruwan Indiya ba, amma yana shimfida sosai. Hakanan ana samun wannan babban sandar katako ba wai kawai a tsaunukan Sri Lanka ba, dazuzzukan daji na Kudancin India da tsibirin Indonesia, har ma a wasu sassan Nepal, Burma, China, Vietnam da Thailand. Koyaya, saboda lalacewar aiki, mazaunin manyan murabba'i yana raguwa da sauri.

Centuriesarnuka uku da suka gabata, masana ilimin dabbobi sun yanke shawarar cewa Ratufa indica ta haɗo 4 (a cewar wasu mahimmin bayanai 5) waɗanda ke da alaƙa da juna, waɗanda suka banbanta da launi da yanki na zama

Wasu masu binciken na zamani sun yarda cewa akwai aƙalla 8 na ratuf kuma ana iya rarrabe kowane ɗaya daga cikin manya manyan kuɗin Indiya a matsayin jinsin. Tattaunawar kimiyya akan nau'ikan nau'ikan Ratufa tana ci gaba sama da ƙarni.

Babbar squirrels suna jagorantar rayuwar yau da kullun. Dabbobin sun fi yin aiki da safe da maraice. Da rana tsaka tsakar dare suna hutawa.

Wadannan sunadarai masu kamanninsu da girman zuwa cat - tsawon jikin dabba mai girma ya kai 40-50 cm, yayin da wutsiyar wutsiya tana da tsawon kusan 60 cm (sunada kusan sau 2 girma da squirrel ja). Wani katon kurege mai nauyi ya kai kimanin kilogiram 2-3.

Jawo launuka masu launuka iri-iri na waɗannan zoben suna da ban sha'awa sosai - a baya na ratufa an rufe shi da lokacin farin ciki na cream-beige, duhu mai ruwan hoda ko launin ruwan kasa. Cutar ciki da goshinta koyaushe ce mai launin fata, shugaban na iya zama launin ruwan kasa ko launin fata, duk da haka, duk squirrels na wannan nau'in suna da farin tabo tsakanin kunnuwa. Mace sun bambanta da maza da yawa ba su da yawa kamar su a gaban glandar dabbobi masu shayarwa. Sautin kibiya mai ɗauka biyu ya wuce tsawon jiki a cikin maƙaƙa kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a matsayin mai daidaitawa.

Kunnuwa manya-manyan squirrels masu gajeru ne kuma suna fuskantar su zuwa bangarorin. Yankunan da suke da fadi da kuma hadaddun kawaye suna dauke da makamai masu ƙarfi waɗanda suke taimaka wa dabbar ta manne da haushi da rassan itace.

Ratufs suna zaune a saman dajin kuma da wuya su bar rawanin bishiyoyi. Babbar squirrels tsalle daidai daga itace zuwa itace, cin nasara nesa da fiye 6 m a tsalle.

Dabbobin daji na Indiya suna da matukar kulawa da dabbobi waɗanda, idan akwai haɗari, kada ku gudu, amma daskarewa, suna manne da gangar jikin itace.

Lura da katuwar squirrels a cikin m kambi na itatuwa da wuya. Amma koda akan bishiyoyi masu tsayi, squirrels ba zai iya guje wa haduwa da abokan gaba da yawa ba: damisa da sauran manyan kuliyoyi, dabbobi da tsuntsayen dabbobi masu farauta, har ma macizai na bishiyoyi.

Babbar squirrels ababen girma ne; suna ciyar da 'ya'yan itatuwa da furanni, kwayoyi da haushi itace, ƙwai tsuntsu da kwari. Tuan itacen ratufas suna cin abinci sosai - suna tsaye a kan kafafunsu na baya, ta yin amfani da kafafunsu na gaba don sarrafa abinci, kuma suna amfani da babban wutsiyarsu don ƙima, don daidaitawa.

Manyan dabbobin suna da zama bibiyu, kasancewa da aminci ga abokin aikinsu na dogon lokaci, ko kuma zauna cikin kananan kungiyoyi.

Maza yayin lokatanta na dabbar tayi aiki na gama gari ga mace da shirya mummunar gwagwarmaya tare da gasa, suna bin su har ma da qasa.

Ba a fahimci yanayin halayyar manya manyan sunadaran.

Gina shimfiɗaɗɗun fure na ratufs an gina su ne daga ganyayyaki da sarƙaƙƙen ƙarfi da ƙarfafa su a kan rassan na bakin ciki don waɗanda karnukan ba su isa zuwa kwari ba.

An san cewa manyan giwa 'yan India suna yin aure sau da yawa a shekara. Cutar da mace tayi daga kwanaki 28 zuwa 35. A cikin zuriyar dabbobi, a matsayin mai mulkin, akwai saya ko biyu, amma wani lokacin akan haife fiye da uku.

Ratufa mace mace ce mai kulawa da tausasawa, tana kula da jariranta har sai sun bar gidan kuma sun fara cin abinci da kansu.

Ba'a san takamaiman adadin ratuff ɗin da suke rayuwa a cikin yanayin ba. A cikin zaman talala, ƙwararrun dabbobin suna iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 20.

Tare da karuwa a cikin gandun daji a wannan yankin, kewayon wannan kyakkyawan dabba yana ci gaba da raguwa.

Dangane da Unionungiyoyin forasa da forasa ta Duniya, speciesungiyoyin ofan adam na manya manyan kurege yana kusan zuwa cikin wahala.

A cikin 1984, wani babban reshen Bhimashnakar ya bayyana a kan iyakar jihar Maharashtra ta yammacin Indiya, ya bazu zuwa yanki na 130 km². Lokacin da aka ƙirƙira shi, hukumomin Indiya sun sa babban maƙasudi - don adana ɗakunan mazaunan manyan ƙasashe na Indian.

Lura Wannan labarin yana amfani da hotuna daga wuraren buɗewa a cikin Intanet, duk haƙƙoƙi na mawallafinsu ne, idan kun yi imani cewa wallafa kowane hoto ya keta haƙƙinku, don Allah a tuntuɓe ni ta amfani da fam ɗin a ɓangaren lambobin sadarwa, za a share hoton nan da nan.