Kyakkyawan mai sheki da sirara mai cike da nutsuwa suna zaune lafiya tare da wani mutum, kodayake yawancinmu muna gani a cikin wannan kyakkyawar dabba kawai bera na itace tare da wutsiyar furry.
Ba zai yiwu ba cewa a Biritaniya akwai wani mazaunin birni ko ƙauyen da ba zai ga kumburi aƙalla sau ɗaya a rayuwarsa ba. Gaskiyar cewa launin kuzari, maimakon ɗamarar ɗan adam na gida yakan fi gaban idanuwan mutane, tabbatacce yana nuna wadatar baƙo na ƙasan waje.
Hadin dangi
Squirrel launin toka a cikin bishiyoyi shine ɗayan halittu sama da 260 waɗanda suke haɗar da abubuwa kamar marmots, karnuka makiyaya, ƙyallen fulawa da squirrels mai tashi. Da farko, an samo shi ne kawai a gabashin Arewacin Amurka daga gabar Manyan Laifuka zuwa Florida, amma daga baya aka kawo shi ga jihohin yammacin Amurka, Ireland, Burtaniya da ta Kudu. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ta kasance tana rayuwa da ci gaba a koina, kuma a Biritaniya ma har ta kai ga dan uwanta mai launin jan-kunne.
Turanci sunan squirrel ("squirrel") ya fito ne daga kalmomin Girka guda biyu: skia - "wutsiya" da oura - "inuwa". A zahiri, yana da wuya a fito da suna mafi kyau ga dabba mai narkewa, kasancewar ana iya ganin sa sau da yawa kawai ta inuwar wutsiya mai girma.
Itace rayuwa
Grey, talakawa da dawakai squirrels suna kashe kusan rayukansu a cikin bishiyoyi, a hankali suna tsalle daga reshe zuwa reshe kuma suna gudana tare da tsintsaye a tsaye. Kafafun gaba suna ƙanana, amma kafafun kafaɗun dogaye ne kuma tsokoki. Dauke da makamai masu kaifi, dogayen yatsun hannu koyaushe zasu sami abin da zasu jingina ko da akan kwalliyar smoothest.
Dogo mai ɗaukar hoto yana aiki a matsayin mai daidaita ma'aunin squirrel da wani irin salo yayin tsalle, hangen nesa mai ƙarfi yana baka damar tantance nesa. Tsalle sama da mita shida don squirrel shine abu mafi yawanci, kodayake tsawon dabbar da kanta bata wuce 20-30 cm (ƙari da wutsiya iri ɗaya).
Jajayen gashi mai kauri mai launin shuɗi tare da alamu mai launin ruwan hoda ko launin ja da farin ciki yana taimakawa squirrel ya ɓatar da kanta daga masu hasara, duk da haka, dabbar tana da ƙarancin abokan gaba, tunda babu kusan dabbobi masu yawa a cikin kewarta cewa, haka ma, bazai taɓa haɗarin neman haske kamar ganima a kan bakin ciki ba twigs.
Gida da kewaye
Babban filayen yanayin kwari shine yankuna masu rarrafe da yanke hukunci a cikin yankuna masu tsafta, da kuma katako mai kwari, wuraren shakatawa da lambuna. Dabbobin da suka fi jaruntaka suna rayuwa a cikin manyan biranen - har ma kan tituna da murabba'ai kamar su London da New York, sau da yawa mutum na iya ganin squirrels da sauri suna zubewa tare da rassan bishiyoyi.
Jagoranci irin rayuwar da ba ta dace ba, squirrels ba tsoro ya gangara zuwa kasa don sassauya. Dukkanin ranar suna aiki don neman abinci (da farko ƙwayaye da ƙwayaye), suna ɗaukar kwari da larvae daga fashe da haushi ta hanyar katsewa, kuma, in ya cancanta, za su iya cin tsuntsaye da kajin ba tare da lamiri ba. Mazaunan wuraren shakatawa na birni ba su da cin abinci tare da gurasar burodi da kuma sandwiches na rabin-waɗanda aka ci.
My gida shi ne mahara
Bayan ya kwashe tsawon yini yana cikin aiki da damuwar, squirrel yayi bacci a mazaunin da aka shirya akan itace. A na yanki mai siffar zobe daga rassan tare da gefen ƙofar (gayno) na furotin galibi ana sanya shi cikin cokali mai yatsa a cikin rassan, har ma mafi kyau - a cikin m, musamman a lokacin kiwo. 'Yan uwantaka ba su killace shafukan yanar gizon su daga bakin baƙi, amma ba sa ƙaunar maƙwabta na kusa. Dukda cewa maza da mata suna rayuwa cikin kawaici, kuma namiji yana iya miji tare da wasu abokan a yayin kakar, wasu lokuta ma'aurata sukan ciyar da juna su kuma yi barci a gida guda.
Lokacin damuna don yanayin launin toka yana faruwa sau biyu a shekara - a cikin bazara da kaka. A wannan lokacin, maza suna yin doguwar tafiya don neman budurwa, amma sun dawo bayan balaga. A lokacin sati shida na ciki, mace zata sanya sheqar mazajensu da ciyawa masu laushi, ciyawa, da gansaksai.
Sakamakon gajeren lokacin haila, squirrels (yawanci 3-4) ana haihuwa da karfi sosai kuma sun dogara ga mahaifiyarsu har tsawon makonni 6. Har zuwa watanni biyu, uwa tana ciyar da su da madara, kuma a wannan lokacin ne suka fara ganin girma da rigunan fur. A makonni bakwai na haihuwa, 'Ya'yan sun bar maza su fara daga gida kuma zasu fara kwarewar samun abinci.
Asirin nasara
A cikin hanyar rayuwa da al'adun aure, abubuwa da yawa suna da alaƙa da talakawa tare da ɗan uwanta mai launin toka, amma kusancin mutum babban nauyi ne ga tsohon. A halin yanzu, masassarar launin toka ta dace da rayuwar birni a cikin Tsibirin Biritaniya kuma, tare da kusan babu abokan gaba, sun dade fiye da adadin kayansu na jan. Amma game da yankin Eurasiyya daga Scandinavia zuwa China kanta, kujerun talakawa sun kasance sarauniya na yawancin gandun daji, inda har yanzu squirrels bai isa ba.
Squaramin talakawa ɗan ƙaramin ɗan uwan sa ne, wanda yake sanye da doguwar jan gashi kuma yana da tassels a kunnuwansa.
Alamomin waje na squirrel Carolina launin toka
Squirrel launin toka mai launin toka yana da girman jiki daga 38 zuwa 52.5 cm. Wutsiya tana da tsawon 15 zuwa 25. Theuricles daga 2.5 zuwa 3.3 Launi na Jawo mai launin toka mai duhu tare da tabarau ja ko launin ruwan kasa, wani lokacin farin datti.
Carolina launin fata squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis).
Squirrel launin toka ya fi girma kamar squirrel na talakawa, yawanci kimanin inci 10 ne kuma yana da babban wutsiya mai faɗi 8 inci.
A lokacin hunturu, huhun Caroline squirrels ya zama yayi kauri, kuma Jawo ya fi tsayi.
Gashin gashi a ƙarshen ya zama launin ruwan kasa, tan, har ma da orange.
Rarraba squirrel launin toka mai launin toka.
Caroline launin toka squirrel an rarraba shi a gabashin Arewacin Amurka. An samo shi a yammacin Kogin Mississippi. Mazauna arewacin Kanada. A hankali ku lura da Ireland, Scotland, Ingila, Italiya, cunkoson talakawa.
Caroline Grey squirrel Habitats
Caroline launin toka yana samuwa a cikin gaɓattaccen watsa shirye-shirye - gandun daji masu ban sha'awa, inda bishiyoyin bishiyoyi da bishiyun bishiyoyi ke girma tare da itacen oak da bee. Ya fi son wuraren dazuzzuka tare da yankin aƙalla kadada 40.
A cikin fall bayyana a filayen dake kusa da gandun daji a cikin gidajen Aljannar.
Sake bugun caroline launin toka mai kauri
Squirrels na Grey Carolina suna haifar da watan Disamba - Fabrairu, a arewacin adadin kadan daga baya - a watan Mayu zuwa Yuni. Karo na biyu na iya bayyana a watan Yuli. Kafin yin balaga, mazan suna bin mace na tsawon kwana biyar, suna rufe da nisan mil 500. A rodent shirya gida - Guyo a cikin nau'i na kwallon kafa da twigs da twigs interspersed tare da ganye. Rufin ya ƙunshi fluff, moss da ciyawa mai bushe.
A lokacin rani, a gida yana is on reshe, kuma a cikin hunturu squirrels ɓoye a cikin hollows.
Matar na ɗaukar saurayi kwanaki 44. Belchata sun bayyana tsirara, suna lura da vibrissae kawai. Nauyin nauyin jarirai shine gram 13-18. Ciyar da madara na tsawon makonni 7-10. Sannan farkon molt yana faruwa a cikin squirrels, kuma Jawo ya sami launi na dabba na dabba. A kasa da shekara guda da haihuwa, sun yi awo kamar girma squirrels. A cikin brood, yawanci yayyi 2-4, da wuya 8.
Caroline squirrel yana zaune a gabashin Arewacin Amurka.
Belchata barin gida yana da shekaru 3. Yaran mata sun sami damar ba da zuriya yayin da suke da watanni 5.5, amma kuma mafi yawan lokuta, sama da shekara daya. Maza sun balaga ta hanyar jima'i, suna kai watanni 11, amma idan squirrels suka ciyar tare da mazan saurayi, balaga tazo daga baya - a shekaru 2.
06.12.2019
Sinadarin launin toka, ko furotin na Caroline (lat. Sciurus carolinensis) nasa ne ga iyalin squirrel (Sciuridae). Daga zamanin da, 'yan asalin Arewacin Amurkawa ne ke cin namansa. Daga baya, mafarautan da ke fuskantar fuskoki sun ƙaunace shi. A cikin Ingila, wasu lokuta ana siyar da shi a cikin manyan kantuna kuma ana amfani dashi azaman mai daɗi a cikin gidajen abinci na gida.
A waje da Foggy Albion, Caroline squirrel nama ba ya shahara sosai tsakanin gourmets na Turai. Likitoci sun bada shawarar guji dandana kwakwalwar sa saboda hadarin kamuwa da cutar ta Creutzfeldt-Jakob, wacce akafi sani da cutar saniya.
A cikin Amurka, wannan sandar ya zama sananne yayin Yaƙin Duniya na biyu. Wani namiji mai suna Tommy Tucker a cikin tufafin mata ya zagaya kasar kuma ya nuna dabaru daban-daban. Ya shiga cikin ayyukan ba da sadaka kuma yayi kamfe don ba Amurkawa don siyan rancen kuɗi na yaƙi. Kungiyar Tommy Tucker, wacce ta ba da sanarwar girmamawa ga dabbobi, yawansu mambobi 30,000.
An haifi jarumi na furry a cikin 1942 a kusa da Washington, inda ya fadi ba da gangan ba a gida. Ma'aurata na Bullis sun ɗauke shi, ya fita kuma ya girma cikin ingantattun al'adun gargajiya. Ya mutu sakamakon bugun zuciya a lokacin yana da shekara bakwai, yana tafiya a cikin tirela tare da masters nasa a kudu maso yamma na kasar.
An fara bayyana jinsunan a cikin 1788 ta masanin dabi'ar halitta dan kasar waje Johann Friedrich Gmelin.
Siffofin halayen Caroline launin toka
Krolinskaya squirrel launin toka ne mai aiki mai ƙarfi wanda yake ciyar da kullun. Don rayuwa 5-7 mutane suna buƙatar kimanin hectare 1 na gandun daji.
A shekarun da suka lalace, dabbobi suna yin manyan garken da ke yin tafiya mai nisa kuma suna hana ruwa gudu.
Ba zai yiwu a ce akwai wani dalili da zai dakatar da wannan babban koma-baya ba don neman wuraren zama mai wadatar abinci.
Caroline launin toka squirrels sun sami damar ketare koguna. A wannan yanayin, sun ɗaga maɗaukakkun wutsiyarsu don kada rigar, kuma saita jirgin ruwa. Rationsaukar dabbobi masu yawa suna faruwa ne yayin da ake fama da karancin abinci, a lokacin gobarar daji, kamar kuma lokacin fashewar ƙwayoyin dabbobi. Yawancin lokaci ana tsare wannan halayen lokacin hunturu.
A cikin shekarun girma na wannan nau'in ko kuma cikin shekara mai durƙushewa, waɗannan sunadarai sun taru a cikin babban "garken" kuma suna ƙaura don neman wurare masu dacewa.
Sunadarai na Grey Carolina sun dace da kamara. Akwai fasalin halaye guda ɗaya waɗanda ƙaunatattun dabbobi ke bukatar sani: dabbobi kan ciji sau da yawa. Ba'a ba da shawarar kiyaye irin wannan dabarar ba inda akwai tsofaffi da yara. Zai fi kyau a zabi matasa squirrel. A wannan zamani, dabbobi sun saba da saurin-sauri kuma suna da sauƙin sauƙin yanayin da sauƙi.
Domin furotin din ya iya amfani da kai cikin sauri, kana buƙatar ciyar da squirrel, bautar abinci a hannunka.
Tabbatar a yi wasa da kuma nishaɗin dabbar, kafa rassa bushe, shimfiɗa cones na bishiyoyin coniferous. Yakamata dakin ya kwashe dukkan abubuwanda ke kawo barazana ga squirrel. Amincewa da cat ko kare ya kamata a jinkirtawa zuwa lokacin da muƙamin ya saba da samun kwanciyar hankali a cikin sabon yanayi.
Lokacin sakin squirrel don tafiya daga cikin keji, cire duk abubuwa masu mahimmanci daga filin kallon dabba, in ba haka ba zaka same su sun lalace.
Motocin da ke cikin bauta suna riƙe hankalinsu da kiyaye su sosai. Dabbobi ba koyaushe suna maraba da bayyanar baƙi a cikin gida. A wannan lokacin, sunadarin ya fi kyau komawa ga keji. Grey Carolina squirrels a cikin bauta rayuwa ta kusan shekaru 15.
Hakoran squirrel makami ne mai matukar mahimmanci don kariya da hakar abinci.
Motsi suna da matukar son gaske, galibi suna hawa cikin tarko kuma suna bincika abubuwan da ke ciki.
Squirrels na launin toka sukan shirya wasanni akai-akai, ciji yatsunsu da kunnansu wani lokacin, amma ana yin waɗannan ayyukan a hankali.
Maganin furotin mai karfi sosai zai iya cizo idan ya tsoratar ko ya ji haushi. Sau ɗaya a mako, kuna buƙatar datsa maƙallan, saboda a cikin yanayi akwai narkewar halitta ta maƙulli yayin motsawa cikin bishiyoyi. A cikin bauta, an sanya keken katako a cikin keji don dabbar ta gudu, saboda haka an goge kofan.
Yaɗa
Mazaunin yana cikin jihohin gabashin da tsakiyar Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Kanada. An gabatar da cairline squirrels zuwa Ingila, Ireland, Italiya da Afirka ta Kudu, inda suka samu nasarar kammala karatun. Sun fara kawar da murabba'i na gama gari (Sciurus vulgaris) da kuma littattafan kida masu yawa, suna dagula daidaiton yanayin muhalli.
A shekara ta 2016, Hukumar Tarayyar Turai a hukumance ta amince da bakin-hauren a matsayin jinsin yan mamaya. Yanzu an hana kiwo mara izini na squirrels launin fata da ire-irensu a kan Unionasashen Turai.
A shekara ta 1889, an fitar da baƙin ƙarfe 350 daga Amurka a cikin yankin Bedfordshire na Gabashin Anglia. Yanzu ana ƙididdige yawan jama'arsu da mutane miliyan da yawa. Duk kokarin da aka yi na iyakance ci gabanta ya zuwa yanzu ya kare cikin rashin nasara.
Dabbobi suna zaune a cikin dazuzzukan da ke daɗaɗɗu Ba su da tsoro su zauna a cikin lambuna da wuraren shakatawa na kusa da gidajen mutane, amma suna guje wa sarari. Mafi sau da yawa, ana samun furotin na Caroline a cikin ƙananan ƙasashe. A cikin tsaunuka, ana lura da su a tsawan sama da ya kai 900 m sama da matakin teku.
Akwai ƙananan biyan kuɗi 5. Tallafin talakawa ya zama ruwan dare a jihohin Arewa da South Carolina.
Ativeimar mummunan sashin furotin na Carolina launin toka a cikin tsaran yanayi
Squirrels na Grey Carolina suna lalata bishiyoyi. Entsayoyin abinci suna haushi a kan kututture kuma suna sha ruwan zaki daga itace. A sakamakon haka, irin wannan amfani yana haifar da dakatarwar ci gaban da mutuwar itaciyar. Musamman mawuyacin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwayoyin cuta ne maple da beech.
An harbe squirrels na Grey Carolina, an kori mazaunan su, an kama tarkuna. Amma sun fara haihuwa da sauri kuma sun daidaita don zama a cikin kowane yanki tare da nau'in bishiyoyi masu ɗumi da tsayi. Amma a lokaci guda, sunadarai, adana kwayoyi da tsaba don lokacin hunturu, suna ba da gudummawa ga yaduwar tsirrai a cikin yanayin ƙasa. Ana buƙatar sarrafa furotin don kula da daidaituwa tsakanin yawan ƙwayoyin dabbobi da tsirrai.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.
Halayyar
Sinadarin launin toka yana aiki yayin awoyi rana. Da tsakar rana, sai ta huta, ta ɓoye wa zafin rana tsaka a inda take ɓuya. Yankin makircin gida na balagagge shine 5-30 ha.
Dabba yawanci tana zaɓar wuraren dazuzzuka tare da ƙaƙƙarfan lamuran wurin ta, inda zata fi sauƙi a ɓoyewa daga mafarautan da ke bin ta. Ya gina gida a kan cokali mai rassa ko a cikin ramin itatuwa. Kamar yadda ake amfani da kayan gini, twigs, ciyawa, ganye da gashin fuka-fuki.
Gida yana da sifa mai siffar zobe da nisan mitar cm 30-60. Maza da mata na iya kasancewa tare a cikin lokacin kiwo ko cikin tsananin sanyi don ci gaba da ɗumi.
Wani lokacin dabbobi suna kan gidaje na gidaje ko a karkashin wata alfarwa a bangon waje. Suna son tauna wayoyin lantarki, wanda yawanci yakan haifar da gajerun da'irori da kuma gobara.
Carolina kurege na iya hawa kan layi na wani gefe. Ta gangara zuwa kasa, ta juye kafafuwanta domin yatsun kafafun ta suna nuna koma baya kuma suna iya kama kwarin bishiyar.
A koda yaushe sandal yakan adana abinci, wanda aka adana shi a wurare da yawa na ɓoye a sashin gidansa. Yawancinsu na ɗan lokaci ne kuma an yi su kusa da abincin da aka samo. Bayan 'yan sa'o'i ko kwanaki, squirrel zai ɓoye su a wani wuri mafi aminci. Tana iya komawa wuraren ɓoye na dindindin ko da bayan watanni 2-3.
A kowace kakar, kurege ɗaya mai launin toka yana haifar da wuraren ɓoyewa da dama, tare da tuna wuraren da suke cikin alamun ƙasa. Warin, idan an gano shi, yana taka rawa a sakandare, musamman idan kasar gona tayi bushe sosai ko an rufe shi da karen dusar ƙanƙara.
Caroline squirrels ba sa hibernate, don haka rayuwarsu a cikin hunturu ta shafi gaba ɗaya da adadin hannun jari da aka yi.
Babban abokan halitta sune foxes (Vulpes vulpes), ja lynxes (Lynx lynx), Wolves (Canis lupus) da manyan owls. Dabbobin suna gargadin juna da kusancin su da tsawa mai ban tsoro. Ganin mai cin amanar, nan da nan suka ɓoye a cikin mafaka. A kan bishiyoyi, saboda motsin haɓakar su, murabba'i mai launin toka yana jin daɗin tsaro.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Carolina squirrel ne mafi yawanci neman abinci a saman bishiyoyi. Tana da iko sosai kuma tana cin duk abin da take samu. Baya ga kwayoyi, ciyawa, tsaba, buds da kuma harbe matasa, dabbar tana cin duri irin na bolaji, gwoza da kuma lardin su. Hakanan menu ya hada da kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, kwaro, qwai tsuntsu da kyankyasai.
Entaƙƙarfan ƙaunar yana da matukar kyau game da berries na hawthorn (Crataegus) da 'ya'yan itãcen ƙyallen farin doki (Aesculus).
A cikin bazara, yakan bincika namomin kaza a saman ƙasa, wasunsu suna bushe don hunturu. Ya danganta da shekaru da jinsi, yana buƙatar abinci daga 50 zuwa 70 g na abinci kowace rana.
Ciyarwa yakan faru a safiya da yamma.Don sake cika wadatar jikin ma'adinan, dabbar tana taushi kullun a kan kasusuwa, maɓuɓɓugar barewar ko toshewa.
Kiwo
Balaga ta faru ne a lokacin da ya kai watanni 8-12. Maza sun fara haihuwar ne a ƙarshen shekara ta biyu na rayuwa, bayan sun sami 'yancin ci gaba da al'adar danyen a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe na gargajiya tare da gasa.
Lokacin mating yana farawa a cikin watan Janairu, kuma a cikin kudu na kewayon a watan Disamba. Saboda tsayi da hunturu mai sanyi, farkonsa na iya kasancewa a watan Fabrairu.
Dabbobi suna jagorancin rayuwar mata da yawa tare da mata tare da abokan tarayya da yawa. Bayan ma'aurata, mazan sun yi tarayya da mace kuma suna nuna ban sha'awa ga ƙaddarar zuriyarsu.
Cutar ciki tana daga ranakun 42 zuwa 45. Matar ta haifi toan 3-7 a cikin sheƙarta. An haife su tsirara, kurame da makafi. Jariri jarirai masu nauyi 8-12 g. An rufe su da ulu mai laushi a ƙarshen sati na biyu, kuma a kusan wata ɗaya da haihuwa ke buɗe idanunsu.
A cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, har zuwa kashi 60% na dabbobin da ke zama dabbobin da ke fama da su.
Bayanin
Tsawon Jiki 23-30 cm, da wutsiya 18-25 cm .. Weight 400-700 g.
Jawo maraice mai laushi lokacin launuka a launuka daban-daban na launin toka ko launin toka-mai-haske. Launin ruwan kasa yana mamaye yankin kai. A makogwaro da ciki ne launin toka mai haske ko fari.
A kudu maso gabashin Kanada, ana samun dabbobi da kusan launin launi.
Tsawon kunnuwan ya kai mm 30. Suna da nau'i mai zagaye. Akwai hakora 22 a cikin rami na baka. Masu yanka suna girma koyaushe.
Shekarun Karorin furotin a cikin daji shine shekaru 10-12.
Siffofin Abinci mai Lafiya
Squirrels sune masussuka daban-daban, kuma suna ciyar da abinci iri-iri, mafi yawa daga cikinsu sune zuriya na conifers (spruce, Pine, itacen al'ul na Siberian, fir, larch). A kudu na kewayon, a cikin itacen oak mai zurfi na ƙasan hazel, suna ciyar da itacen oak da zelan itace. Squirrels kuma suna cin namomin kaza a hankali (misali, deer truffle), buds da ƙananan rassan bishiyoyi, berries, tubers da rhizomes, lichens, ganye. Tare da gazawar babban abincin, kashi na ƙarshe a cikin abincin yana ƙaruwa. A lokacin lokacin kiwo, murabba'ai sau da yawa sukan canza zuwa abincin dabbobi, ku ci kwari da ƙwari, ƙwai, kajin, ƙananan rago. Bayan hunturu, squirrels zamewa a kan ƙasusuwan dabbobi da suka mutu.
Don lokacin hunturu, an adana squirrels a cikin acorns, kwayoyi, cones, waɗanda aka ajiye su a cikin rami ko aka binne su a cikin tushen, an rataye su a kan rassan da namomin kaza bushe. Yawancin lokaci ana mantuwa da keklesiya game da irin wannan ajiyar, kuma a cikin hunturu ana samun su kwatsam, maimakon masu su, tsuntsayen, beraye, da bears mai launin ruwan kasa sun sake dawowa kansu. A lokaci guda, squirrels kansu suna cinye hannun jari da aka yi chipmunks, Pine kwayoyi da mice.
Adadin abinci na yau da kullun ya bambanta lokaci-lokaci: a cikin bazara, furotin yakan ci har zuwa 80 g kowace rana, a cikin hunturu kimanin 35 g.
Guiana ko squirrel na Brazil (Sciurus aestuans)
Tsawon Jiki ya kai 20 cm, wutsiya kimanin cm 18. Weight shine 180 g .. Launi launin duhu ne.
Asalin yana da matukar ban sha'awa ga Kudancin Amurka (Argentina, Brazil, Guyana, Guiana Faransa, Suriname da Venezuela). Yana zaune a cikin gandun daji da kuma wuraren shakatawa na birni.
Allen squirrel (Sciurus alleni)
Tsawon jikin mace yana da kusan 25 cm, wutsiya ya kai 20 cm, nauyin ya kai 500 g. Maza suna da tsawon jiki na 27 cm, wutsiya tana da nauyin 17 cm, nauyin ya kai 450 g. Saman kai yayi duhu. Kwayoyin na gani suna launin toka mai zaki. Kunnuwa suna da launin toka-mai-baki. Etafafun kafaffiyar launin fata suna da launin toka ko launin toka. Itace fari. Manya da manya sun rabu ta hanyar kunkuntar laushi mai duhu. Wutsiyar baƙar fata ce a saman tare da launin toka. Da ke ƙasa, mai launin shuɗi-mai haske ko launin toka-mai-toɗi. A lokacin rani, sinadarin yayi duhu sosai. Jawo a baya yana da taushi da kauri, wutsiya tayi laushi.
Kabilar tana da kyau a Arewacin Meksiko, inda take zama a cikin itacen oak da itacen oak-pine.
Farisa ko Caucasian squirrel (Sciurus anomalus)
Tsawon jiki shine 20-25.5 cm, wutsiya shine 13-17 cm, taro yana cikin kewayon 332-432 g. Kunnuwa suna gajeru, babu goge-goge. Mayafin yana da haske, launin toka-mai launin toka a saman, launin ruwan goge-goge a gefuna. Matsakaici da nono ko tsatsa mai tsayi ko haske. Wutsiyar ƙyallen itace launin fata-mai launin shuɗi ko launin ruwan kasa mai haske.
Kamannin ya zama ruwan dare a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Asiaan Asiya da Minan Asiya, a cikin Iran, a tsibiran Lesbos da Gokchead a Tekun Aegean.
Ganyen kara zinare (Sciurus aureogaster)
Tsawon jikin mace shine 26 cm, tsawon wutsiya shine kimanin 25 cm, nauyi 500 g .. Tsawon jikin namiji shine 27 cm, tsinkayen tsayi 25 cm, nauyi zuwa 500 g.
Mazaunin Guatemala da Meksiko, inda yake zaune a wurare masu tsayi na kimanin 3800 m, a cikin gandun daji, har ma a cikin birane.
Harin Kawa (Sciurus colliaei)
A baya launin rawaya ne mai launin toka-toka, bangarorin sun zage damtse, ciki akwai haske. Wutsiyar baƙar fata ce da fari a saman, launin toka-toka ko launin rawaya mai launin fari da fari a ƙasa.
Tsarin na da matukar illa ga Meziko, inda yake zama a cikin dazuzzukan da ke da ruwa da kuma kwari a bakin Tekun Pacific.
Darin tsakar gida (Sciurus deppei)
Jiki na sama yana da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da launin toka zuwa tan ko launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi. Aljihu suna launin toka. Wutsiya baƙar fata ce da fari a ƙasa, mai laushi a ƙasa. Tumbi daga fari ko launin shuɗi zuwa ja mara nauyi.
Tana zaune a cikin Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico da Nicaragua, cikin gandun daji mai cike da daɗewa mai santsi da gandun daji mai yawa.
Rawaya mai launin shuɗi (Sciurus gilvigularis)
Tsayin Jikinsa har zuwa cm 17, tsawon wutsiya 17-18 cm. A launi, nau'in ya yi kama da '' Guiana squirrel ', amma ya fi sauki. A baya ne launin ruwan kasa-m, tummy ne m-orange. An zare wutsiya.
Kirkin yana da matukar karimci ga Kudancin Amurka, wanda aka samo a Brazil, Guyana, Venezuela.
Ganyen Tabarau mai ja (Sciurus granatensis)
Tsawon jiki 33-52 cm, tsawon wutsiya 14-28 cm. Nauyi 230-520 g. Baya yana da ja ja, amma ana samun daidaikun mutane masu launin toka, mai rawaya mai haske ko launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. Abun ciki da nono fari farare ne mai haske. Wutsiya tana da ja ja tare da baki.
Dabbobin suna zaune a Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, a cikin gandun daji na lokacin zafi da na yanayi a tsawan sama da 3000 m sama da matakin teku.
Yankin Yammacin Grey (Sciurus griseus)
Babban kallo. Tsawon jiki 50-60 cm, tsayin wutsiya 24-30 cm, nauyi yana cikin kewayon 520-942 g.Da baya yana da launin shuɗi-fari, tummy fari ne. Kunnuwa suna da girma, ba tare da goge ba. Wutsiya tana da tsawo. Zobe na fari fari. Idon rawaya.
Yana zaune a Meksiko da Amurka, a cikin itacen oak-coniferous da cakuda.
Nayarit Tsarin (Sciurus nayaritensis)
Tsawon jikin mace yana da kusan 28 cm, wutsiya 27 cm, Maza sun kai cm 30 a tsayi, wutsiya mai tsawon cm 28. Girmansa ya kai 750 g. Mayafin yayi laushi, baya yana da launin shuɗi. Wutsiya tana da faɗi, mai tsawo.
Yana zaune a kudu maso gabashin Arizona da kuma a Mexico.
Fox ko squirrel squirrel (Sciurus niger)
Tsawon Jiki 45-70 cm, tsawon wutsiya 20-33 cm Mass yana cikin kewayon 500-1000 g. Jawo daga haske mai launin shuɗi zuwa launin ruwan hoda mai duhu. Itace mai haske. Akwai farin kaya a kan wutsiya da fuska.
Tsarin jinsin ya zama ruwan dare a Arewacin Amurka.
Irwararren ƙwaƙwalwa na Gama (Sciurus vulgaris) ko Gaba ɗaya
Tsawon jiki shine 20-28 cm, tsawon wutsiya 13-19 cm, nauyi 250-340 g. Shugaban yana zagaye, idanu suna baƙi, babba. Kunnuwa suna da tsawo, suna da tassels. Gashinan ya lalace. Jawo hunturu yana da taushi da laushi, gawurtaccen lokacin rani, mai gauraya, gajere. Launi yana da matukar canji, an bayyana fiye da membobi 40. A lokacin rani tare da ja, launin ruwan kasa ko sautunan launin ruwan kasa, a cikin hunturu tare da launin toka da baki. Cutar tummy fari ko haske.
Tsarin ya yadu a cikin Eurasia daga Atlanta zuwa Kamchatka, Sakhalin da Japan.
Yucatan squirrel (Sciurus yucatanensis)
Tsawon jiki 20-33 cm, tsawon wutsiya 17-19 cm. Jawo a bayansa yayi launin toka tare da baki da fari. Harshen tummy mai yashi ko launin toka, wani lokacin zuwa launin toka-baki ko baki. A paws suna da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, wani lokacin baƙar fata. Wutsiyar baƙar fata ce tare da fararen fari.
An samo shi ne a gabar Yucatan, har ma da Mexico, Guatemala da Belize, cikin gandun daji masu ƙyalli da wurare masu zafi.
Abokan halitta
Maƙiyan halitta na squirrels sune owls, goshawks, Martens, sables. A ƙasa, dawakai da kuliyoyi suna farautar su.
Amma karancin abinci da cuta yana shafar girman adadin mutane masu ƙarfi fiye da masu hasara. Sunadarai suna mutuwa sau da yawa daga coccidiosis, tularemia, septicemia, tsutsotsi, ticks da fleas suna kama su.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da sandent:
- Don hunturu, squirrels suna adana kwayoyi, binne su a cikin ƙasa ko ɓoyewa a cikin ɓarnatar itatuwa. Irin wannan “dabi’ar” dabbobi tana taimakawa wajen kiyaye gandun daji, tunda a mafi yawancin lokuta squirrels sukan manta da ajiyar su, kuma sabbin bishiyoyi sun tsiro daga tsiron da aka shuka.
- A cikin ƙauyuka, murabba'ai suna ciyar da masu kiwo, suna tono tsire-tsire da aka shuka, har ma su zauna a cikin kayan gona. A cikin birane, squirrels galibi ana horarwa don ciyar da hannu. Lokacin da mutum ya ciyar da wata kurege, sai ta koma wurinsa don samun sabon rabo washegari. A lokaci guda, dabbar tana ɗaukar duk abincin da ta ba shi, kuma a hankali tana ɓoye ragowar da ba ta ci.
- A wasu lokuta ana daukar protein a matsayin kwari, saboda suna iya lalata komai. Don haka, sun zama sanadin lalacewar wutar lantarki, yayin da suke hakoran hakora akan rassan bishiyoyi, amma baza su iya bambance su da wayoyi ba.
- Squirrel wata dabba ce mai amfani da dusar kanwa, abu ne na cinikin fur. Ana haɓaka shi cikin yanki taiga na Turai, Urals da Siberiya.
Rarraba
Sciurus carolinensis asalinsu ne ga gabas da tsakiyar Amurka, da kuma sassan kudancin lardunan gabashin Kanada. Theasar asalin yanki na kayan kariya na launin toka ta mamaye su da squirrels fox ( Sciurus Nijar ), wanda wani lokacin yakan rikita shi, kodayake asalin nau'in dawakai ya fi girma zuwa yamma. Ana samo squirrel na gabas mai launin fata daga New Brunswick a Manitoba, kudu, a gabashin Texas da Florida. Ana samun zuriya na gabas ta squirrels a Nova Scotia, amma ko an gabatar da wannan ɗumbin yawa ko ya fito daga faɗaɗa yanayin ƙasa. Hakanan an gabatar da shi a cikin Ireland, UK, Italiya, Afirka ta Kudu, da Ostiraliya (inda aka lalata shi a 1973). Grairrels na gabas a Turai matsala ce saboda sun ƙaura wasu daga cikin yankuna squirrels zuwa can. A shekarar 1966, an kuma gabatar da wannan dabarar zuwa tsibirin Vancouver da ke Yammacin Kanada a yankin Metchosin kuma suka yadu daga can. An dauke su da matukar tayar da hankali da barazanar da keɓaɓɓun yanayin gida da na 'yan asalin ja.
Wani nau'in halitta mai mahimmanci da mai adaidaita, Eastern Grey Squirrel shima an gabatar dashi, kuma yana da kyau a yankuna da dama na yammacin Amurka. Grey squirrel shine nau'in N. wanda ke mamaye duniya a Burtaniya, ya bazu ko'ina cikin kasar kuma an maye gurbinsa da insan asalin ja masu kariya, S. mara hankali . A cikin Ireland, an raba murabus a cikin yankuna da dama na gabashin, kodayake har yanzu ya zama ruwan dare a kudanci da yammacin ƙasar. Kasancewar irin wannan canjin na iya faruwa a Italiya lamari ne da ya dame mu, kamar yadda farar fata zai iya yadu zuwa sauran sassan Turai.
Ilimin Zamani
Sunaye Sciurus zo daga kalmomin Girka biyu, Skia ma'ana inuwa da Ora ma'ana wutsiya. Wannan sunan yana nufin squirrel zaune a cikin inuwar wutsiyarsa. Nau'in nau'in halitta carolinensis , tana nufin Carolina, inda aka fara lura da ire-iren halittar kuma inda dabbar har yanzu ta zama ruwan dare. A Ingila da Kanada, ana kiranta “squirrel squirrel” ne. A Amurka, ana amfani da “gabas” don bambance nau'ikan halittar furotin na yamma ( Sciurus psea ).
Haifuwa
Dabbobi masu launin toka na gabas na iya haifuwa sau biyu a shekara, amma tsofaffi da ƙananan ƙwararrun iyaye mata galibi suna da litter ɗaya a shekara a bazara. Ya danganta da kasancewar ciyarwar, tsoffin mata da ƙwararrun mata na iya sake haifarwa a lokacin bazara. A cikin shekarar cin abinci mai yawa, kashi 36% na mata suna ɗauke da litar mai biyu, amma ba wanda zai yi wannan a cikin shekarar rashin abinci mai kyau. Lokacinsu na kabila su ne Disamba zuwa Fabrairu da Mayu-Yuni, kodayake wannan yana ci gaba kaɗan a cikin mafi yawan latitude na arewacin. An haife zuriyar dabbobi ta farko a watan Fabrairu ko Maris, na biyu ne a watan Yuni ko Yuli, kodayake, kuma, ana iya inganta tasirin ko jinkiri na tsawon makonni dangane da yanayin yanayin zafi, yawan zafin jiki da wadatar abinci. A duk lokacin kiwo, kimanin kashi 61 - 66% na mata matasa ne. Idan mace ba za ta iya yin juna biyu ko rasa saurayinta ba na lokacin sanyi ko kuma tsinkaya, to tana sake shiga cikin estrus kuma tana da zuriyar wani lokaci. Kwanaki biyar kafin mace ta shiga estrus, tana iya jan hankalin maza har 34 daga maza zuwa mita 500. Shuwagabannin launin toka na gabashin duniya suna da nau'ikan al'adar auren mata fiye da daya, wanda maza ke gasa sun samar da madaidaicin iko, haka kuma mata tare da maza da yawa, ya danganta da tsarin da aka kafa.
Yawanci, ana haihuwar matasa ɗaya zuwa huɗu a cikin kowane zuriyar dabbobi, amma mafi girman adadin zuriyar dabbobi shine takwas. Zamanin lokacin haihuwa shine kimanin kwanaki 44. Kawo kaji da aka kwashe kusan makwanni 10, kodayake wasu kanyi wean har sati shida daga baya a cikin daji. Sun fara barin gida bayan makonni 12; a kaka, a mafi yawan lokuta ana haihuwar yara hunturu tare da mahaifiyarsu. Guda ɗaya ne daga cikin huhun huɗa ke tsira zuwa shekara guda, tare da yawan mace-mace game da 55% na shekara mai zuwa. Yawan mace-macen zai ragu zuwa kusan kashi 30% a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, har sai sun ƙaru sosai da shekaru takwas.
Da wuya, mata masu launin toka na iya gabatar da estrus tun farkon watanni biyar da rabi, kuma mace yawanci ba sa haihuwa aƙalla shekara guda. Matsakaicin shekarun su na farko shine shekara 1.25. Kasancewar namiji mai yawan haila zai haifar da ovulation a cikin macen da ke wucewa cikin estrus. Gabas masu launin toka suna da balagar jima'i daga shekara ɗaya zuwa biyu. Tsawon lokacin haihuwa ga mata ya kasance tsawon shekaru 8, shekaru 12.5 aka yiwa rijista a North Carolina. Wadannan dabbobin za su iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 20 a fursuna, amma a cikin daji suna rayuwa mafi karancin rayuwa saboda tsinkaya da matsalar mazauninsu. Lokacin haihuwa, tsammanin rayuwarsu shine 1-2 shekaru, dattijo, a matsayin mai mulkin, zai iya rayuwa ya zama shida, tare da wasu mutane na musamman, wanda ya sa ya shekara 12.
Girma da Ontogenesis
Jariri masu launin shuɗi (squirrels) masu nauyin giram 13-18 kuma ba su da cikakke kuma mai ruwan hoda, dukda cewa ana iya kasancewa vibrissae lokacin haihuwa. Kwanaki 7-10 bayan haihuwa, fatar ta fara duhu, jim kaɗan kafin fata ta yi girma. A cikin kananan allurai a ciki kwanaki 19-21 bayan haihuwa, yayin da manyan abubuwan fashewa sun fashe bayan makonni 4. Cheeks na hakora a cikin mako 6. Idanunmu a bude bayan kwana 21-42, kunnuwa kuma suna budewa makonni 3-4 bayan haihuwa. Yarinyar farawa ne kimanin makonni 7 bayan haihuwa, kuma yawanci yakan ƙare ne a mako na 10, sannan asarar asarar gashi. Cikakken nauyin jikin mutum ya kai watanni 8 - 9 bayan haihuwa.
Haɗin yanar gizo
Kamar yadda sauran yawancin dabbobi masu shayarwa suke, alakar dake tsakanin fuskokin gabas mai cike da yadudduka ta hada da murdawa da kuma sanya kaya. Ra'ayin yana da ma'anar rarrabuwar kawuna daban-daban, ciki har da murda, makarfi mai kama da juna, amo maras nauyi, mai yin hira, da kuma farin cikin Mehr Mehr Mehr. Sauran hanyoyin sadarwa sun hada da dannawa da waka, da sauran fuskoki, gami da fuskokin fuskokinsu. Ana amfani da wutsiyoyi da kiran "kuki" ko "quaa" don hanawa da faɗakar da wasu dabbobin game da masu farautar, da kuma sanarda lokacin da maƙiyin ya bar yankin. Hakanan Chipmunks suna yin sautin COO-purr mai laushi, waɗanda masana ilimin halitta suna kiran sautin “MUK-MUK”. Ana amfani da wannan azaman sautin lamba tsakanin mahaifiya da tsarinta kuma yayin samartaka, namiji, lokacinda ya KUDE MATA a lokacin matsuhancin.
An nuna amfanin amfani da sauti da na sadarwa na gani ya bambanta ta wuri, gwargwadon abubuwa kamar gurɓataccen amo da kuma yawan sararin samaniya. Don haka, alal misali, mutanen da ke zaune a manyan biranen, a matsayin mai mulkin, sun fi dogaro kan siginar gani, saboda mahalli mai girman magana da yawancin yankuna ba tare da iyakancewar gani ba. Koyaya, a cikin yanki mai katako, ana amfani da siginar murya sau da yawa sabili da ƙarancin matakan amo da karairayi mai yawa wanda ke iyakance kewarta.
Abincin
Dabbobi masu launin toshiyar gabas suna cin abinci iri-iri, kamar haushi, bishiyar itace, berries, ire-ire iri da tsirrai, tsirrai da sauran ƙwayaye kamar hazelnuts (duba hoto) da wasu nau'ikan namomin kaza da aka samo a cikin gandun daji, gami da agaric bazara namomin kaza ( Wuya agaric )Suna iya lalata bishiyoyi ta hanyar share haushi da cin naman cambial mai laushi a ƙasa. A cikin Turai, sycamore ( farin Maple L.) da beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) wahala mafi lalacewa. 'Ya'yan itaciya kuma suna yin dirar tumatir na tumatir, masara, ciyawar daji da sauran kayan amfanin gona. Wani lokaci sukan ci tsaba tumatir kuma suna zubar da komai. A wasu halayen, squirrels na gabashin launin toka ma suna farautar kwari, kwaro, ƙananan ƙwayoyi, gami da wasu squirrels da ƙananan tsuntsaye, ƙwayayensu da yara. Har ila yau, suna ɓoye ƙasusuwa, ƙaho, da kunkuru, - mai yiwuwa azaman tushen ma'adinan ƙasa ne a cikin abincinsu na yau da kullun.
Shuwagabannin launin toka na gabas suna da cikakken haƙuri ga mutane su zauna a wuraren zama da kuma hari na mai ciyar da gero, masara da tsaba. Wadansu mutanen da ke ciyar da tsuntsayen nishadi kuma da gangan suke ciyar da iri da kwayoyi don sunadarai saboda wannan dalilai. Koyaya, a Burtaniya, dabbobin launin toka na gabashin zasu iya ɗaukar babban yanki na ƙarin abincin daga masu ciyarwa, hana hana shiga da rage amfani da tsuntsayen daji. Jawo hankalin ƙarin masu ciyarwa na iya ƙara ƙwaryar tsuntsayen mazaunan gida, kamar yadda ƙwaryar launin toshiya ta gabas za ta fi ciyarwa kusa da mai ciyarwa, wanda hakan ke ƙara yiwuwar farauta, ƙwai, da kuma ƙananan hanyoyin wucewa.
Habitat
A cikin daji, ana iya samun kyawawan tsiran gabas da ke zaune a manyan wuraren da ke da girma, yanayin halittun daji mai yawa, galibi yana rufe kadada 100 (40 ha) na ƙasa. Wadannan gandun daji, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna da dumbin yawa na ciyayi, wanda ke samar musu isasshen hanyoyin samar da abinci da kuma matsuguni masu kyau. Hickory itacen oak deciduous gandun daji an fi son zuwa coniferous gandun daji.
Shuwagabannin launin toka na gabas yawanci sunfi so su gina burrowsrsu a kan manyan rassan bishiyoyi kuma a cikin rassan itacen mara zurfi. Bugu da kari, an san su da neman mafaka a cikin ciyawar tsuntsayen da aka watsar. Kwayoyin yawanci suna tare da tsire-tsire na gansakuka, ƙwanƙwasa, ciyawa bushewa da gashinsa. Hakanan zasu iya ba da taimako a cikin warewar moat ɗin da ake amfani da shi don rage asarar zafi. Murfin murfin ko yaushe ana gina ta daga baya.
A kusa da ƙauyuka, ana samun shuɗar launin toka ta gabas a cikin wuraren shakatawa da kuma bayan gidajen gidaje a cikin birane da kuma a ƙasar karkara.
Gabatarwa
Eastern Grey Squirrel shine N. an gabatar dashi a wurare daban-daban a yammacin North America: a yammacin Kanada, a kudu maso yamma na British Columbia kuma a cikin Calgary, Alberta, a Amurka, a cikin Washington da Oregon, da kuma a California, a cikin biranen San Francisco da yankin San Francisco Peninsula a San Mateo da Santa Clara, kudu da birnin. Ya zama mafi yawan furotin a cikin yawancin birane da kuma kewayen birni a yammacin Arewacin Amurka, arewacin California ta tsakiya zuwa kudu maso yammacin Burtaniya Columbia. A farkon karni na 20, an gabatar da fararen hular gabas a cikin Afirka ta Kudu, Ireland, Hawaii, Bermuda, Islands Islands, Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Italiya da Ingila.
A Afirka ta Kudu, kodayake baƙon abu ba ne, ba a ɗauke shi da ɓacin rai saboda ƙarancinsa (ana iya samunsa ne kawai a yankin kudu maso yamma na yammacin Cape, yana zuwa arewa zuwa ƙaramin garin Franschhoek) inda yake zama A cikin birane da wurare suna dogara sosai ga mutane kamar filayen noma da kuma kayan shuka iri. A nan, galibi yana cin 'ya'yan itacen ɓaure da' ya'yan itacen cinya, ko da yake zai ɗauki ɗan ƙwaya da 'yan kasuwa ma. Koyaya, bazai iya amfani da ciyawar halitta ba (Fynbos) da aka samo a yankin, abun da ya taimaka iyakance yaduwar shi. Bai yi ma'amala da dillalan furotin ba saboda keɓancewar ƙasa (furotin ɗan itace, Paraxerus cepapi ana samun su ne kawai a yankuna savannah a arewacin-gabashin kasar) da kuma wuraren zama daban-daban.
Grey squirrels ne aka fara gabatar da shi zuwa Burtaniya a cikin 1870s, kamar yadda kuma aka sanya kayan karawa akan haraji. Nan da nan suka yada cikin Ingila, sannan suka kafa kansu a duka Wales da wasu sassan kudancin Scotland. A babban tsibirin Biritaniya, kusan suna son nuna wariyar launin fata ta hanyar mazhaba. Fiye da sunadarai masu ja da ikon adana har sau huɗu masu kitse, sunadarai masu launin toka sun fi iya tsayayya da yanayin hunturu. Suna haifar da samari kuma suna iya rayuwa a mafi girma. Har ila yau, sunadarai masu launin toka suna ɗaukar ƙwayar squirrelpox, wanda basu da kariyar ja. Lokacin da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta shigar da squirrelpox zuwa cikin ja squirrel, raguwarsa sau 17-25 zai fi girma ta hanyar gasa kawai.
A cikin Ireland, yanayin motsi bai yi saurin sauka ba saboda gabatarwa guda daya kawai suka faru a cikin Longford County. An bullo da dabarun don sarrafa yawan kuzarin squirrel a Ireland don ƙarfafa nativean asalin fari. Har ila yau, an gabatar da nau'in kujerun launin toka a Italiya, kuma Europeanungiyar Tarayyar Turai ta nuna damuwa cewa za su kuma ɓoye kuɗin squirrel daga sassan na Turai.
Kashewa ja squirrels
A Burtaniya da Ireland, makwabta na gabas ba su tsara shi ta hanyar tonon silili, sai dai ga jannda janda, wanda yawanci ba ya cikin Ingila da Wales. Wannan ya ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar ɗan adam mai sauri kuma ya haifar da jinsin da aka rarrabe su kamar kwari. Matakan da ake haɓaka don rage adadin, gami da shirin guda ɗaya don shahararrun masu watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin don inganta ra'ayin cin furotin. A wuraren da yawan 'yan ciranin jajayen ke ci gaba da rayuwa, kamar tsibiran Anglesey da Brownsey, shirye-shirye sun kasance don kauda squirrels a yunƙurin ba da damar ƙwararrakin jajayen ja don su murmure.
Kodayake hadadden rikice-rikice da rikice-rikice, babban abin da zai sa a canza yanayin yankin launin toka zuwa ja, ya yi imanin cewa shi ne mafi dacewa, saboda haka, fa'idodin gasa a kan kuɗin ja ta dukkan matakan. Squirrel na gabas launin toka, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya fi girma da ƙarfi fiye da ja squirrel kuma an nuna cewa yana da iko mafi girma don tara mai a lokacin hunturu. Cire squirrel zai iya yin gasa sosai don yawan wadataccen abincin da ake samu, wanda ke haifar da raguwar rayuwa da ƙimar haihuwa a tsakanin kuɗin ja. Parapoxvirus kuma na iya zama abu mai karfi, sunadaran ja sunada dadewa wannan cuta, yayin da kariyar sunadarai ta gabas ba ta canzawa ba, amma ana jin cewa masu dako ne - kodayake har yanzu ana ƙaddara yadda ake yada kwayar cutar ba. Koyaya, lokuta da yawa na masu kuzari na roba sun ba da labari yayin da suke haɓaka rigakafi - kodayake har yanzu ana cutar da yawan jama'arsu. Red squirrel shima ba ya jure da lalacewar mazauninsu da rarrabuwar kawuna, wanda ya haifar da koma baya ga yawan jama'a, yayin da mafi daidaitaccen yanayin launin toka ya sami fa'ida kuma yana haɓaka.
Wataƙila waɗannan lamura suna iya kasancewa a cikin yankin Yankin Pacific na Arewacin Amurka, inda sunadaran baƙi na Amurika suka mamaye yawancin wuraren shakatawa a wuraren shakatawa da gandun daji a duk faɗin yankin.
Abin takaici ne, "tsoro" don makomar mashigar gabashin birni ta tashi ne a shekara ta 2008, yayin da ma'anar wannan nau'in (baƙar fata) ta fara yaduwa a kudanci na yawan Burtaniya. A Burtaniya, idan aka sami kama da “launin toka tokali” (mai launin toka / gabas) a karkashin Dokar Kare da Tsarin daji na 1981, ba bisa doka ba ne a 'yantar da shi ko kuma barin shi ya shiga daji, a maimakon haka, dole ne a lalata dan adam.
Burbushin rikodin burki na gabas
Samfurori 20 na Pleistocene fauna sun ƙunshi S. carolinensis , wanda aka samo a Florida kuma an sanya shi kwanan wata a ƙarshen lokacin Irvingtonian. Girman jikin kamar yana ƙaruwa tun daga farkon har zuwa tsakiyar Holocene, sannan ya ragu zuwa girman da ake gani yau.
Americansan asalin Amurkawa sun taɓa cin 'yan dabino masu launin shuɗi kuma naman su har yanzu ya shahara daga mafarauta a yawancin fannoni a Arewacin Amurka. A yau, har yanzu yana kasancewa don amfani da ɗan adam kuma wasu lokuta ana sayar da shi a Burtaniya. Koyaya, likitoci a Amurka sunyi kashedin cewa bai kamata a ci furotin na kwakwalwa ba, saboda haɗarin da ke iya ɗaukar cutar ta Creutzfeldt-Jakob.
