Babbar sharks Tana zaune a tekun Pacific da Indiya, amma a cikin ruwan Atlanta ba haka ba. Yana faruwa ne musamman kusa da murjani murjani, a cikin lagoons, cikin ruwan yashi mara zurfi kusa da ruwa mai zurfi. Ya fi son tsaftataccen ruwa kuma da ƙarancin motsawa daga bakin tekun. Zurfin mazaunin al'ada yana daga mita 6 zuwa 40. A wasu halaye, yakan tashi sama kuma yana iya neman ganima a cikin ruwan teku mai zurfin ƙasa da mita 1. Matsakaicin zurfin ruwa shine mita 330.
Bayanin
Tsawon da aka saba da shi na wannan kifin yana da mita 1.6. Matsakaicin da aka yi rikodin shi ne mita 2.1. Matsakaicin nauyi shine kilogram 18.3, amma bisa ga wasu kafofin ya yi daidai da kilogiram 27. Jiki yayi kamar na bakin ciki ne, kai babba ne kuma gajere. Gano yana zagaye, lebur. Idanun suna kanana, m, akwai fatar ido na uku. Ana lura da fatar jiki a sasanninta na bakin. Hakora suna da kaifi tare da gefuna mai laushi.
Akwai ƙarancin kashi biyu. Na farkonsu an canza su da wutsiya. Fin na biyu yana da ɗan ƙarami fiye da na farko. Faƙƙarfan ƙa'idodi suna da fadi da fa'ida a siffar. Kashi na sama na fin caudal fin sau 2 yafi girma da ƙananan. Canza launi daga sama launin toka ne mai duhu ko launin ruwan kasa. A fili yake bakin ciki ya fi na baya baya. Spotsananan duhu duhu suna warwatse a baya. Ga kowane nau'in kifin shark, haduwar su ta musamman ce. Thearshen farin dorsal da babba caudal fin suna da farin haske.
Sake buguwa da tsawon rai
Wannan nau'in mallakar viviparous. Cutar ciki tana ɗaukar kusan shekara guda, a cikin zurfin dabbobi akwai kifayen sharks 2-3. Matsakaicin adadinsu ba ya haɗu 6. Mace suna haihuwar sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 2, kuma a cikin duka suna haifar da matsakaitan sharks 12 a rayuwarsu. Haihuwar haihuwa tayi cikin motsi. Mace tana lanƙwasawa da kuma fitar da kifin sharki a cikin mahaifarta. Girman jarirai sun bambanta daga 50 zuwa 60 cm.
A cikin shekara guda, kifayen kifayen suna girma ta hanyar cm 16. Manya suna haɓaka cm 2-3 a shekara. Wannan yayi daidai da shekaru 8-9 na rayuwa. A cikin daji, dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar ta rayu har zuwa shekaru 25. Amma mafi yawan waɗannan kifaye suna rayuwa na shekaru 14-19. Rayuwar rayuwa a zaman talala kuma gaba ɗaya ɗaya ce.
Halayya da Abinci
Wakilan nau'ikan sun fi aiki da daddare kuma da tsananin ƙarfi. Idan ba su yi farauta ba, sai su huta a cikin kogo ko kuma a cikin ƙaramin rukuni. Wani lokacin suna kwance dama akan yashi ba tare da wani tsari ba. Kullum suna zaune a wuri guda kuma da wuya suna motsawa fiye da kilomita 3 zuwa gefe. Yankunan farautar kifayen kifayen fata ba sa wuce murabba'in 1. km A lokaci guda, waɗannan kifayen masu cin gashin kansu ba yanki bane.
Jikin waɗannan kifayen na bakin ciki ne, saboda haka suna neman ganima a cikin kunkuntar murmu da ramuka na raƙuman ruwa. A cikin ruwan bude, da wuya ake samun abinci kuma ana yin shi da kyau. Farauta dare yana ba da gudummawa ga gaskiyar cewa yawancin kifayen suna barci kuma suna da sauƙin ganima. Abincin ya ƙunshi kifin abincin reef, eray mai bakin ciki, triggerfish, ja mullet. Octopuse, spiny lobsters, da crabs kuma ana cin su. Ana farauta farauta daban daban. Idan ba tare da abinci ba, waɗannan kifayen da suke cin abincin suna iya rayuwa har zuwa watanni daya da rabi.
Matsayin Kariya
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kifin kifayen ya sami kusanci ga matsayin mai muni saboda ci gaban kamun kifi wanda ba shi da tsari. Wannan nau'in yana da karancin mazaunin rayuwa, kuma haihuwa tayi saurin. Saboda haka, a wasu wuraren adadin waɗannan maɓuɓɓugar ruwa sun ragu da kashi 80%. Idan baku dauki matakan adana nau'in ba, to adadin nata zai ragu da kashi 7-8% a shekara. Ga mutane, waɗannan kifayen ba masu haɗari ba.
Alamar waje ta kifayen kifayen Caribbean
Kifin kifin Kifarin Caribbean na da dunkule mai fasali. A kashin yana da fadi kuma zagaye. Juya buɗe a cikin hanyar babban baka tare da hakora mai siffa uku tare da serrations a gefuna. Idanun suna da girma da kuma zagaye. Doarshen dorsal na farko yana da girma, mai siffa-sikila, mai sheki tare da gefe na gaba. Fin na biyu akan bayan gida yayi karami. Fwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa suna kan kirji Caudal fin asymmetrical.
Reef Caribbean Shark (Carcharhinus perezii)
Jikin na sama yana launin toka ko taupe. Ciki fari. Fin fin ɗin da ke ƙasa kuma duk fins ɗin an haɗa su a cikin launi mai duhu. Kifin kifayen Caribbean na da tsawon 152-168 cm, yana girma zuwa matsakaicin santimita 295.
Caribbean Reef Shark Shark yada
Kifin ruwan teku na Caribbean ya shimfiɗa a cikin ɗaukacin shinge na Belize, ciki har da cikin rabin Rabin Ki da Blue Hole da Glovers Atoll marine reserve. Ana samun sabbin dabbobi, sababbi da ƙarami da girma a wurare da yawa cikin rierasarin Barikin Reef.
A Cuba, Kifayen bakin teku na Caribbean an yi rikodin kusa da tsibirin Jardines de la Reina da kuma wurin ajiyar ruwa, inda kifayen karnuka ke rayuwa. An haramta kamun kifi gaba daya a wannan yankin.
Caribbean Reef Shark Shark yada
A Venezuela, Kifin dutsen Caribbean shine ɗayan nau'ikan da aka fi samunsu tare da tsibiran teku kamar Los Roques. Hakanan yana daya daga cikin mafi girman sharks a kusa da Bahamas da Antilles.
A Kolombiya, ana samun babban kifayen Caribbean a kusa da tsibirin Rosario, a cikin Tayrona, Guajira National Natural Park da San Andres Archipelago.
A Brazil, yankin ruwan Caribbean da ke shimfidawa a cikin jihohin Amapa, Maranhão, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Bahia, Espiritu Santo, Parana da Santa Catarina, da tsibirin Atoll das Rocas, Fernando de Noronha da kuma a Trinidad . Ana kiyaye wannan nau'in kifayen cikin azuzuwa ta halittar Atoll das Rocas, a Fernando di Noronha da Abrolios - wuraren shakatawa na teku da kuma Manuel Luis - filin shakatawa na ruwa.
Caribbean Reef Shark Habitats
Kifayen kifayen Caribbean shine mafi yawancin nau'in kifayen shark kusa da rafin roba a cikin Caribbean, galibi ana samunsa kusa da kololuwa a gefunan reefs. Wannan nau'in ƙasa mai rairayin bakin teku ce da ke zaune a wuraren da ba a ƙetare. Tana manne da zurfin aƙalla aƙalla mita 30 kusa da tsibirin San Andres, a cikin ruwan Kolombiya an lura da ita zurfin 45 zuwa 225 m.
Refa kifin shark
Kifin teku mai kifayen Caribbean mafi fifikon wuraren lagoon ba da wuya ya bayyana a lagoons mara zurfi ba. Akwai bambanci a cikin mazaunan ƙananan yanyan sharks, maza da mata, dukda cewa hanyoyin tafiye-tafiyensu galibi sukan mamaye. Dukda cewa ba kasafai ake samun manya a cikin hanyoyin rashin ruwa ba, ana samun yawancin matasa ne a lagoons.
Caribbean Reef Shark Yanayin Halin
Kifayen kifayen Caribbean suna tafiya a cikin ruwa, duka a kwance da a tsaye. Suna amfani da tsoffin kayan kwalliya don daidaituwa. An tabbatar da kasancewar wadannan kifayen a zurfin mita 400, sun rufe nesa a cikin kilomita 30 - 50. A dare, suna iyo kamar kilomita 3.3.
Caribbean Reef Shark Yanayin Halin
Ofimar ƙasashen larabawa mai daraja ta Caribbean
Kifayen kifayen Caribbean da ke fuskantar kamun kifi. An cinye naman su, kuma hanta mai arzikin man kifi da fata mai ƙarfi ana kimanta su. A cikin yankin San Andres da ke tsibirin San Andres, ana aiwatar da kamun kifin zurfin kifaye don ƙashi, jaws (don dalilai na ado) da hanta, yayin da ba a taɓa amfani da nama don abinci ba.
Hankali na siyarwa akan $ 40-50, fam na ƙarancin kuɗi ya kai $ 45-55.
A cikin Belize, ana sayar da busassun ƙusoshin ga masu siyar Asiya na dala 37.50. Ana cinikin naman shark da ƙyallen a Belize, Mexico, Guatemala da Honduras.
Caribbean Reef Shark Barazana barazana
Kifayen kifayen Caribbean shine babban nau'in da ke fama da matsalar kamun kifayen kifayen teku a cikin Caribbean, gami da Belize, Bahamas da Cuba. Ainihin, ana kama kifaye kamar yadda ake kamun kifayen a cikin layi mai zurfi da kuma rashin fitowar kifayen. A wasu yankuna (a sassan Brazil da Caribbean), kamun kifi yana da tasiri a cikin raguwar kifayen kifayen Caribbean.
Caribbean Reef Shark Barazana barazana
A cikin Belize, an kama kifayen kifayen a ƙugiya kuma a cikin raga, galibi kifi ne ake kamawa yayin kama bututun teku. Insarancin da akan bushe (37.5 a laban) da naman da ake siyarwa a Amurka ana darajarsu. A farkon shekarun 1990, an sami raguwar kamun kifayen iri daban daban, gami da kifayen kifayen, wanda hakan ya sanya masunta da yawa barin wannan kamun kifi.
Duk da raguwar kamun kifayen, kifayen kifayen ya dauki kashi 82% na dukkanin kifayen da aka kama (a cikin shekarun 1994-2003).
A Kolombiya, tare da ƙananan ƙananan kamun kifi a cikin yankin San Andres tarin tsibiri, kifayen kifayen sune mafi yawan nau'in kifin shark kuma suna da nauyin 39% na kamawa, tare da mutane 90-180 cm tsayi.
Hakanan ana fuskantar barazanar yankin shark na yankin Caribbean ta hanyar lalacewar muhalli mai lalacewa a cikin Caribbean. Corals ana lalata su ta hanyar gurɓataccen ruwan teku, cututtuka da damuwa na injin. Rashin lalacewa na Habitat yana shafar lambobin kifayen Caribbean.
Bayyanar
Shark tare da ƙaƙƙarfan fusus ɗin jiki da sutturar sikelin da keɓaɓɓen siffar. Largeauki manyan baki tare da haƙoran haƙoran triangular. A hakora - leji, kunkuntar akan ƙananan muƙamuƙi. Babban zagaye idanu. Doarshen dorsal na farko yana da sikila kamar kaɗan, babba, tare da gefen gado. Finfin dorsal na biyu karami ne. Reswanƙwasa ƙwallon ƙafa na sresral suna da kyau. Karatun caudal yana asymmetrical. A baya launin toka ne ko taupe. Ciki fari. Partashin ɓangaren fin fin da duk haɗaɗɗun ƙusoshin ana fenti su da launi mai duhu. Matsakaicin matsakaicin girma shine 152-168 santimita, tare da matsakaicin girman rikodin santimita 295.
Halaye da dabi'a
Ana samun wannan nau'in sharks a cikin ruwa mai tsananin zafi na Arewacin, Tsakiyar da Kudancin Amurka, suna da mafi girman rarraba a cikin ruwan Caribbean. Kifin ruwan teku na Caribbean shine mazaunin ruwa na wurare irin su Florida, Bermuda, Yucatan, Cuba, Jamaica, Bahamas, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Columbia, Venezuela da Brazil.
Kifin rek na teku na Caribbean na zaune a zurfin aƙalla aƙalla mita 40 sama da yashi ko raƙuman ruwa, kazalika a cikin wuraren da ke cike da laka a cikin kogunan kogin na Brazil. Yawancin sharks na wannan nau'in suna zaune a cikin gungun samfurori masu yawa dozin da ke haɗe zuwa ƙasa.
Yawancin nau'in kifayen kifayen ana tilasta musu motsawa, saboda ruwan, wucewa ta cikin gill slits, yana wadatar da jikin oxygen. A lokaci guda, Kifen ruwan teku na Caribbean shine nau'in halitta wanda ake iya yin ikon yin kwanciyar hankali a ƙasan, wanda baya halayyar Karharinaiformes, yana tsabtace ruwa ta hanyar gill slill. An lura da wannan sabon abu a cikin ruwayen Cuba, da kuma a cikin kogon Mexico da kuma tarin tsibirin Brazil Fernando de Noronha.
Yayin farauta, takaddara tsakanin kifayen mallaka don mallakar ganima suna yawaita, sakamakon abin da ƙyamar ke haifar akan jikin.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Yana ciyarwa akan nau'ikan kifayen ƙasusuwa kuma, wataƙila, manyan hanyoyin tafi-da-gidanka.
Kifin teku mai kifayen Caribbean ta kama ganima tare da haƙoran haƙora tare da motsin shugaban gefen hancin. Bayan nasarar cin nasara a kan aiwatar da farauta, rikici tsakanin mutane don mallakar abinci sau da yawa yakan faru (mai ɗaukar hoto ya gwada ƙoƙarin zaɓar abin da aka kama)
Don bincika ganima, Caribbean reshe shark, kamar sauran wakilan mai magana da yawun kifayen kifayen teku, suna amfani da manyan arsenal na gabbai. Wuri, ji, kamshi, abin ban sha'awa da damuwa, kuma, sama da duka, na'urori masu auna sigina na gefe suna aiki don ganowa kuma, babu ƙarancin mahimmanci, don rarrabe ganima. Matsayin Lorencini ampoules, waɗanda ke da masaniyar electroreceptors, a cikin farautar wannan nau'in kifayen kifayen ba su da mahimmanci kamar, alal misali, a cikin sharks dutsen sharks, kuma ƙasa da karatu.
An yi imani cewa wannan nau'in kifayen kifayen sun fi son kifi mara lafiya da rauni. Halin hali na wannan nau'in ganima yana da alaƙa da kasancewar tashin hankali, rikice-rikice marasa iyaka (suna faɗi cewa kifayen '' faɗa ''). Tare da taimakon katangar, kifin ya gano sautin sauti mara sauti, yana nuna wanda aka azabtar yana kusa.
Shark ruwa da tsalle
Kifayen kifayen Caribbean masu ban sha'awa suna da ban dariya. Dangane da daskarar da ruwa a cikin mazauninsu, wani ɓangare na garken dole zai tashi zuwa fannoni a farfajiya ko kuma zurfin zurfi kuma zai raka su yayin nutsewa, yana bayanin da'irorin da ke kusa da su.
A kasan, garken yawanci suna nuna halin da ake tsammani: sharks suna shirye su tuntuɓi, suna nuna son sani, wani lokacin suna tsokani, amma ba komai. Daga cikin masu sha'awar ruwa, ana ganin cewa yin ruwa tare da wakilan wannan nau'in sha'awa ce mai kayatarwa da ban sha'awa.
Wasu lokuta, a matsayin ƙarin nishaɗi, ana gayyatar yawon bude ido don ciyar da kifayen kifayen, ruwa a ciki da kuma a farfajiya. Masu gabatar da kara da kuma masu adawa da irin wannan nuna sun nuna rashin jituwa kan ko kyamar da ake samu a sharrin kusa da wuraren da mutane suke da yawa da kuma irin wannan kasuwancin yana shafar kididdigar harin kifayen mutane.
Kamar yadda yake tare da sauran nau'in halittu, an yi imanin cewa wannan kifin yana haifar da babban haɗari ga mutumin da ke kusanci da saman ruwa ko kuma zurfin zurfin, saboda haka lokacin da zazzagewa cikin mazaunan Kifayen teku na reef Shark, ana amfani da dabarar haɓaka cikin sauri - ƙungiyar ba ta taruwa a saman gaban farkon nutsewar ruwa, kuma da farko ya gangara zuwa zurfin lafiya.
Take | Wuri | Nau'in ruwa | Kulob ko gidan yanar gizon wuri |
---|---|---|---|
Jardines de la reina | Kimanin mil 50 kudu da Kuba | Tumbin sharks na zurfin zurfin har zuwa mita 45. Sharks suna da girma, har zuwa mita 2.5 ko ƙari kaɗan. Halin tashiwa. Suna da yardar juna da iri-iri. | Avalon |
Hadari ga mutane
Wadannan sharks, ko da yake kunshe cikin jerin masu haɗari ga mutane, ba su haifar da wata babbar barazana ba, face a cikin yanayi inda kuna da rauni ko kuma kuna kamfani.
Ko ta yaya, irin wannan majigi mai karfi kamar Global Shark Attack File ya kawo wasu lokuta da shark din teku na Caribbean ya kai hari ga mutum. Ga wasu daga cikinsu:
- 1968, Bahamas. Shekara 17 Roy Pinder kai hari ta hanyar hatsin teku da ke kusa da Caribbean yayin farautar kifaye tare da hargo. Cije baki a kai, cinya gwiwar hannu
- 1988, Bahamas. Wasu Doug Perrin (shekaru ba a kayyade shi ba) ruwa mai ruwa a cikin ruwa, da kuma mita miliya ɗaya da rabin Caribbean ta dutsen ruwa ya lalata yatsansa na hannun dama
- A wannan shekarar, wani Latsa Latry, farautar kifi tare da hargo da scuba, an cije shi a kunci
- 1993, shekara 51 William Kone cije ni a cikin kafa, farauta kifi tare da harpoon
- 1997, 1998 - mutane da yawa aka kai hari yayin da suke farautar kifi tare da hargo
- Shekarar 1999 Kevin King a cikin Bahamas ya ciji matattara mai 2.1 mita (!) Caribbean reef shark
- 2002, shekara 41 Michelle Glen mummunan cizon shark dinta mai zurfin mil biyu na Caribbean, yayin da take tsinke a cikin maciji ("snorkeling")
- 2004, 2005 - da dama, gami da tsokani, abubuwan da suka faru, galibi suna da alaƙa da farautar kifaye
- 2005, Grand Cayman (Tsibirin Cayman). Lee Ann Hagis mai shekaru 57 da kifin sharba ya same shi ba tare da wani sharri ba (tana ruwa)
A takaice dai, bisa ga kididdigar, wadannan masu sha'awar ma'amala da masu fada da juna suna haifar da hadari da farko ga mafarautan ruwa a karkashin ruwa. Wataƙila, suna jawo hankalin ƙanshin jinin kifi wanda aka yanka.
Kasada da takaici, kage ko kawai mai zafin rai, Kifin kifayen Caribbean na nuna wani irin hali:
- ctoasassu biyu na haɓaka
- Shark ya fara motsawa kwatsam, tare da hanzari
- saurin yana ƙaruwa sau da yawa
- kifin shark yana farawa da gangan, wani lokacin a kusurwoyi masu kaifi, don canza shugabanci
Mai shayarwa zai iya sanin canje-canjen halayen kifaye da amsa musu yadda yakamata, sune:
- a natse
- yi tsegumi har zuwa kogon ko ƙasan ko amfani da mafaka na halitta
- idan ba shi yiwuwa a ɓoye ko daskarewa - motsa a hankali da sannu a hankali
- a kowane hali hanzarta, kada ku nuna damuwa kuma kada kuyi karkatarwa
- kar a yarda ciji
- Idan kuwa cizo ya faru, fita cikin ruwa da wuri-wuri, yin sakaci, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, wajibai na yanke ma'amala
Bayanai daga kafofin hukuma ba su ba da rahoton kai munanan hare-hare a yankin Rebian Shark Caribbean ba.
Reef Mazaunan
Mafi kusantar saduwa da sharks a cikin tekuna mai ɗumi - suna da arziƙi a rayuwa fiye da sanyi har ma da latitude na tsakiyar teku. Amma ba a rarraba rayuwa cikin ruwan sanyi ba - akwai wuraren da yanayi ya fi dacewa da ci gaban fayafa da fure.
Wadannan wurare na tekuna da tekuna sun haɗa da gine-ginen reef. Rayuwa a cikinsu tana tafasa a zahiri tare da kowane nau'i.
Tabbas, irin wannan "oases na abinci" bai fita ba tare da kulawa da yankan sharba.
Tsakanin rerals murjani, akwai nau'ikan kifayen kifaye iri-iri tun daga tushe da rashin aiki, zuwa saurin walƙiya da daskarewa.
Amsar “reef” ta hade kanta da wani rukuni na yanko daban-daban saboda yawan wadatar wadatar wadannan selakhi akan da kuma kusa da ginin ginan. Yawancin nau'in kifayen kifayen ana kiransu reef wadanda - alal misali, Reef Caribbean, farin-feather, black-feather, da sauran su .. Ma'anar ita ce "reef", kamar yadda kuka fahimta, domin a wadannan wuraren zaku iya haduwa da kowane tsinkaya, daga babban farin kifin shark, zuwa babban mala'ika na teku ko dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar teku , kuma za'a iya samun yanyan siliki mai zurfi a nesa daga gine-ginen murjani.
Ga bayanin sharks, a cikin jigon magana na Rasha wanda akwai ma'anar "reef". Af, daya daga cikin wakilan dangin Kunih - reef Kunya shark an kuma sanya reef "rajista". Kuma daidai-da - waɗannan maɓuɓɓugar sun mamaye muryoyin murjani sosai a ko'ina. Amma a nan muna magana ne game da wakilan dangin launin toka, "sun yi rijista" a kan hanyoyin.
Babban nau'in kifayen kifayen gidan dangin Selahii sun hada da Caribbean Reef, reef reef, white-goyon reef and black-featyed dabbar sharks.
Kifin kifayen Carbian (Carcharhinus perezii), ko kuma wani lokacin launin ruwan launin toka mai launin toka-toka, ya kai santimita 295 a tsayi kuma yana zaune a Yammacin Atlantika da Caribbean daga Arewacin Carolina (Amurka) zuwa Brazil.
Kabilar Caribbean mafi girma ta yankin (Caribbean), da kuma mallakar shahararrun kifayen kifayen, galibi mallakar, gwargwadon al'adun suna.
Shark tare da ƙaƙƙarfan fusus ɗin jiki da sutturar sikelin da keɓaɓɓen siffar. Sanya manyan baki tare da triangular serrated hakora. A hakora - leji, kunkuntar akan ƙananan muƙamuƙi. Manyan idanu masu sanye da silima mai ƙyalli.
Farkon dorsal din sikelin ne, mai girma ne, yana da kewayon murfin katako mai ɗaukar hoto. Finfin dorsal na biyu karami ne. Reswanƙwasa ƙwallon ƙafa na sresral suna da kyau. Karatun caudal yana asymmetrical.
A baya launin toka ne ko taupe. Ciki fari. Partashin ɓangare na fin fin da dukkan ƙasusuwa biyu suna da duhu fiye da asalin asalin.
Matsakaicin matsakaicin girma shine 150-170 cm, matsakaicin da aka yi rikodin shine 295 cm.
Ana samun wannan nau'in sharks a cikin ruwa mai tsananin zafi na Arewacin, Tsakiyar da Kudancin Amurka, suna da mafi girman rarraba a cikin ruwan Caribbean.
Kifin ruwan teku na Caribbean shine mazaunin ruwa na wurare irin su Florida, Bermuda, Yucatan, Cuba, Jamaica, Bahamas, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Columbia, Venezuela da Brazil.
Maharbin yana zaune a zurfin har zuwa mita 40 sama da tsafin yashi ko rafi, da kuma wuraren da ke cike da laka, misali, a cikin kogunan kogin Brazil. Sau da yawa, sharks na wannan nau'in suna rayuwa a cikin kananan rukunin samfuran dozin da yawa, suna zaune wani yanki na teku.
Yawancin nau'in kifayen kifayen ana tilasta musu motsawa, saboda ruwan, wucewa ta cikin gill slits, yana wadatar da jikin oxygen. A lokaci guda, Kifen ruwan teku na Caribbean shine nau'in halitta wanda ake iya yin ikon yin kwanciyar hankali a ƙasan, wanda baya halayyar Karharinaiformes, yana tsabtace ruwa ta hanyar gill slill.
Yana ciyarwa akan nau'ikan kifayen ƙasusuwa kuma, wataƙila, manyan hanyoyin tafi-da-gidanka.
Kifin teku mai kifayen Caribbean ta kama ganima tare da haƙoran haƙora tare da motsin shugaban gefen hancin. Bayan nasarar cin nasara a kan aiwatar da farauta, rikici tsakanin kowane ɗayan mutane yakan faru ne saboda mallakar abinci, sakamakon hakan shine ƙyamar sau da yawa akan jikin. Sau da yawa a cikin garken, “annobar” yakan barke cikin sanannen rashin jin kunya ko zazzabi.
Don bincika ganima, Caribbean reshe shark, kamar sauran wakilan mai magana da yawun kifayen kifayen teku, suna amfani da manyan arsenal na gabbai. Wuri, ji, kamshi, abin ban sha'awa da damuwa, kuma, sama da duka, na'urori masu auna sigina na gefe suna aiki don ganowa kuma, babu ƙarancin mahimmanci, don rarrabe ganima. Aikin Lorencini ampoules, waxanda sune bakin gabobin wutan lantarki, a cikin farautar wannan nau'in kifayen kifayen ba su da mahimmanci kamar, alal misali, a cikin sharks dutsen sharks, kuma karancin karatu.
Kifin teku mai kifayen Caribbean shine nau'in da yake da mahimmanci. Lokacin haihuwa, kifin sharks yana da tsawon cm 70. Daga 3 zuwa 6 aana a cikin zuriyar dabbobi. Cutar ciki tayi kimanin watanni 11-12.
Mace sun tsufa da nisan mil 2, maza yayin da suka kai girman mil 1.5. Matan sun sami damar haihuwa kowace shekara 2. A yayin aiwatar da daidaito, maza sukan ciji mace, suna barin yawaitar bayyane bayyane a jikinsu.
Yawancin lokaci matasa ko marasa lafiya na kifayen teku na Caribbean suna zama waɗanda ke da ƙarfi da manyan karnuka, musamman bovine da tiger shark.
Abin ban sha'awa shine cewa, kifayen Caribbean da ke da rauni ya fi saurin kamuwa da sauran nau'in halittu. Ban da haka kuma wasu nau'ikan leeches ne, wadanda zasu iya haɗe jikin su ko ƙyamar mafarautan da kuma sanya su a jikin su.
Kifayen kifayen Caribbean masu ban sha'awa suna da ban dariya. Lokacin yin ruwa a cikin mazauninsu, wani ɓangare na ɗayan fakitin zai tashi zuwa yawancin abubuwa akan farfajiya ko zurfin zurfi kuma zai raka su tare da aiwatar da ruwa, tare da bayyana abubuwan da ke kewaye da su.
A ƙasa, garken yawanci yana nuna halayensu da tsinkaye: sharks suna shirye su tuntuɓi, suna nuna son sani, wani lokacin ma suna ƙoƙarin ciji baƙon, amma ba komai. Daga cikin masu sha'awar ruwa, ana ganin cewa yin ruwa tare da wakilan wannan nau'in sha'awa ce mai kayatarwa da ban sha'awa.
Koyaya, waɗannan sharuddan suna cikin jerin waɗanda ke da haɗarin haɗari ga mutane .. statisticsididdigar da aka tattara ta Tsarin Attackariyar Shark Attack ta Duniya ta ƙunshi lambobi da yawa na halayyar ɗumbin dabi'un Caribbean a game da masu iyo da kuma nau'ikan ruwa.
Ga misalai masu rai:
- 1968, Bahamas. Roy Pinder, mai shekaru 17, ya afka cikin wani kifayen teku mai kifayen Caribbean yayin da suke neman kifin tare da hargo. Cije shi a kai, ya goge gwiwar,
- 1988, Bahamas. Wani Doug Perrin (shekarun da ba a ƙayyade ba) ya kasance ruwa mai ruwa a cikin ruwa, kuma bututun ruwa na Masifa na 1 da rabi na Caribbean ya tsinke hannun damansa,
- A wannan shekarar, wani dan Jaridu mai suna “Larry Press,” wanda yake farautar kifayen hargo da kayan kamshin ruwa, an cije shi a kunci,
- 1993, William Burns, dan shekaru 51, ya ciji a cikin kafa, yana farautar kifin tare da hargo,
- 1997, 1998 - mutane da yawa aka kai hari yayin da suke farautar kifi tare da hargo,
- 1999, Kevin King a cikin Bahamas ya ciji matattara mai mita 2.7 (!) Caribbean reef shark,
- 2002, Misali Michelle Glen, 'yar shekara 41, ta ci mutuncin matattara ta biyu a yayin da take aiki a sassarfa, yayin da ta tsinci kanta a cikin maciji ("snorkeling"),
- 2004, 2005 - Abubuwa da yawa, wadanda suka hada da tsokanar, galibi suna da alaƙa da farautar kifaye,
- 2005, Grand Cayman (Tsibirin Cayman). Lee Ann Hagis mai shekaru 57 da kifin baki ya afka mata ba tare da wani sakamako ba (ta tsunduma cikin ruwa).
Idan kayi ƙoƙarin zana ƙarshe daga ƙididdigar da ke sama, zaku iya lura cewa waɗannan masu sha'awar ma'amala da masu tuntuɓar suna da haɗari, musamman ga mafarautan ruwa a cikin ruwa. A bayyane yake, suna jan hankalin ƙanshi na jinin kifi wanda aka yanka.
Bayanai daga kafofin hukuma ba su ba da rahoton kai munanan hare-hare a yankin Rebian Shark Caribbean ba. Hakoran waɗannan magabatan ba su da girma da za su iya mu'amala da mutum.
Kifin shakatawa na launin toka (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos) ya fi son zama a cikin kusancin ruwan teku, ƙasa mai dutse da kankara, amma kuma ana samun shi a wuraren yashi na bakin ruwa.
Tana nuna alamar sha’awa ga mutum kuma yawanci tana neman samun kusa da iyo. Hakoran waɗannan manyan masu farauta sune daɗaɗɗun, kusurwoyi uku, lanƙwasa baya tare da gefuna kamar-geran gewaye, wanda ke ƙaruwa da ƙarfi kuma yana hana ganima su zamewa. Hakoran ƙananan muƙamuƙin kunkuntar, mai siffa ne. A kan kunnuwa masu ci da rai kuwa hanci ne yake da tsinkewar ƙwallayen ƙwanƙwasa ƙwalla wanda yake fitowa zuwa kusurwar bakin. Idanun suna zagaye, matsakaici a girma, tare da tanƙwasa mai walƙiya.
Yaro na wannan dangi yawanci yana da tsawon mita 1.5-2.0. Jikin launin toka mai launin toka mai kama da kama yana kama da torpedo, wanda ya ba shi damar zama cikin sauri da kuma yin saurin hanzari. Sama mai launin toka ko tagulla-launin toka, yana jujjuya jujjuyawar bangarorin cikin farin ciki. Dandalin ƙwalƙwalwa tana fitowa daga baki, caudal tare da iyakokin bayyane bayyane. Finfin dorsal yawanci haske ne. Girman girma da aka rubuta: tsawon - 255 cm, nauyi - 33.7 kg. Rayuwar rayuwa kusan shekaru 25 kenan.
Ana iya samun wannan nau'in kifayen nan kusa kusa da gabar da nahiyoyi, da sauransu a ƙananan tsibirai. Yawancin lokaci suna zaune kusa da murjani murjani. Suna da yawa sosai a cikin Jar Teku, a yankuna masu dumbin yawa na tekun Pacific da Indiya. Yana faruwa ne a kan shinge na tsibiri da tsibiri, cikin ruwa mara zurfi da kuma ruwa mai kusa-kusa, haka kuma a cikin tekun budewa a zurfin daga farfajiya har zuwa 1000 m (yawanci ba zurfin zurfin 300 m).
Wannan kifin shark yana daya daga cikin abubuwanda aka saba, yawanci sukan lura dashi, amma basa barin sa kusa dashi, ruwa yayi yayin kokarin tuntuɓa. Wani mai farautaccen aiki, yana farauta da rana, amma babban aikin shine da daddare.
Abinda aka fi cinyewa game da wannan danyan shine shine kifayen kifaye, da bakin ruwa - squids, cuttlefish, da octopuses. Kawar da abincin tare da katako, lobsters, kifin matattarar kifi.
Knownarfin wannan sharkin ya samo ganima ko da daga abubuwan da ke cikin dutse da murjani an sani.
Zai iya zama m lokacin da masu bi da masu burgewa suka bi shi. Kamar sauran kifayen kifayen, kifayen bakin teku masu tsoran mutum suna tsoron mutum, suna ƙoƙarin nisanta shi, amma suna iya cizo yayin ƙoƙarin toshe wani koma baya ko halayyar tsokanar su.
Har ila yau, an lura da lamuran munanan hare-haren da ba a bayyana ba akan iri daban-daban. Ya shiga cikin wani yanayi na rabies yayin cinye ganyayyaki kuma a wannan lokacin na iya zama haɗari sosai ga mutane. Wannan kifin ya zama mai tsananin fushi daga karamin digo na jini a cikin ruwa ko rawar jiki, ya fara kokarin tsananta kokarin cizon wanda aka cutar, ko da ba kusa.
Kamar sauran nau'ikan kifayen kifayen, ana ɗaukar halayen "haɗari" idan har tana son tilasta baƙon da ba a san shi ba ya bar ta ita kaɗai ko kuma barin yankin da maƙiyin ya mamaye ta. Ta kama kafafunta, ta saukar da karshin murji da ƙyallen ƙwanƙwasawa tana girgiza su. A lokaci guda, yakan dauke hancinsa, yana fallasa hakora kuma ya sanya jiki da motsa kai daga gefe zuwa gefe. Idan a lokaci guda ta iyo a sarari a kwance a kusa da mai yin iyo, to ya kamata a sa ran a kai hari. Zai fi kyau kada a lalata kifayen ku bar yankin matsalar.
Daga cikin magabatan fatar teku, launin toka da Caribbean ana ganin sune masu haɗari ga mutane.
Kamar sauran manyan yankoka masu launin toka, masu kifayen kifayen suna da fa'ida. Mace masu balaga suna shigo da zuriyar dabbobi zurfin tsirrai na 4-6 waɗanda suka fi girma rabin mita.
Black-reef shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus).
Wannan nau'in ya zama ruwan dare a yankin na wurare masu zafi na tekun Indiya da Pasifik: daga Jar Teku da gabashin gabashin Afirka har zuwa tsibirin Hawaii, da tsibirin Layin, da tsibirin Tuamotu da kuma tsibirin Easter.
Wannan shi ne ɗayan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'in kibiya da ke zaune a wurare daban-daban. Suna zaune a zurfin zurfin ciki - ba fiye da aan dubun mita ba. Domin neman abinci, galibi suna zuwa wurin shakatawa ne, inda ruwa kawai yake rufe jikin ɗan maƙarƙashiya.
Wadannan sharks ba su cikin manyan wakilai na dangin siliki mai launin toka, kamar, misali, damisa, dogon karewa ko kuma sharrin Galapagos. Manyan mutane na farar fata masu launin fata ba su wuce 180 cm ba tsawon.
Halin launin jikinsa game da launin toka-sharks shine gefen da yake fitowa daga launin toka-toka zuwa launin toka-launin toka, ɓangaren ciki shine haske zuwa fari. Kashi na farko na fin dorsal na farko da na kasan lomar na caudal fin suna da shawarwari masu baƙar fata.
Mai aiki, mai saurin iyo. Abincin ya dogara ne da kifin ruwan reef, duka na ciki da na ruwa na kyauta, ciyawa, ƙwarya-ƙwarya, ƙwarya-ƙwarya, ƙananan lobsters, ƙwallon ƙafa. Sau da yawa suna samar da garken, amma kuma akwai masu fa'ida.
Black-Reef shark viviparous, yana haihuwar sharks biyu ko hudu, 33-52 cm a girma.
Maza sun isa ga balaga tare da tsawon faɗin 91-100 cm, mace tare da tsawon kilo mita 96-112.
Bayan isa ga balaga, yawan girma na sharks ya rage saurin raguwa, saboda haka yawancin mazan mazan basa wuce 120-140 cm tsayi, mace tayi dan girma.
Akwai sanannun lokuta na kai hare-hare kan masu iyo ruwa ta sharrin dabbar ruwa mai dusar fata. A duk lamuran da aka lura, ƙifin sharrin ya haifar da ƙanshin jini wanda yake gudana cikin ruwa daga kifin da mutane suka lalata.
Kasancewa da barkewar cutar mahaukaci, yayin da halayensu suka zama gaba daya ba a iya tsinkayarsu.
Belopera reef shark (Triaenodon obesus) - tartsatsi a cikin tekun Pacific, wanda aka samo daga bakin tekun Afirka ta Kudu, wanda aka samo a Tekun Red, a cikin ruwa na Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Burma, Indonesia, Vietnam da Taiwan. Yana zaune a Philippines, kusa da Australia da New Zealand. Na kowa a cikin Polynesia, Melanesia, da Micronesia.
A gabashin gabashin tekun Pacific ana samunsa kusa da tsibirin Cocos da Galapagos, a arewa - kusa da Panama da Costa Rica.
Tare tare da fatar dabbar gashin tsuntsu dabbar dabbar gashin tsuntsaye (Carcharhinus melanopterus) da kuma launin toka mai launin toka (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos) sune mafi yawan wuraren shakatawa na ruwa na ruwa.
Yawancin lokaci, farin kifin da ya dawo da ruwa yana kiyaye tsaftataccen ruwa kusa da koguna. Koyaya, taro tare da wannan shark an yi rikodin shi a zurfin har zuwa 330 m.
Da rana, Shark suna cikin ɓoye cikin ɓoye, suna buɗe 'yan kwanto. Ana rarrabe babban kifin bayan rake a cikin ikon kasancewa ba mai daɗewa ba na dogon lokaci. Babban aiki na wannan nau'in kifayen kifayen da daddare.
Abokan cin abincin belopera suna ciyar da mazaunan ƙasa, mazaunan ruwayen ruwa: octopuse, lobsters, crabs, kifi mai matsakaici, cephalopods, har da tsaran dabbobi har ma da kifin kifi. Yana da kusanci da wuraren farautarsa, yana dawowa gare su koyaushe bayan wasu rashi. Waɗannan rukunin yanar gizo, waɗanda aka zaɓa ta hanyar sharks don rayuwa, yawanci ƙanana ne.
Belopera reef shark wani karamin kifi ne mai tsinkaye tare da jiki mai falala da fadi da yawa, kai kadan mai laushi.
Mafi dadewa shine 2.13 m, amma samfurori mafi girma fiye da 1.6 m ba su da wuya.
Maza sun zama masu yin jima'i tare da tsawonta fiye da mita, matsakaicin girman su shine kimanin santimita 170. Mata sunfi girma fiye da maza. Matsakaicin rayuwar wadannan magabatan kusan kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na ƙarni.
Siffar kifin farin gashinsa mai zagaye take, idanu suna zagaye, kamar yadda dukkanin lambobin kifayen fata, akwai mafifin kariya - "fatar ido na uku".
Maƙaddara ta karɓi suna da Belopera saboda fararen fata a saman ƙusoshin ƙurar ƙasa.
Launin Jiki yana launin toka duhu ko launin ruwan kasa, wani lokacin baya baya duhu. Cikakken ciki ya fi sauki da baya - ash ko fari.
Babu wani lamari da ya faru game da fararen dabbobin da aka gano a jikin dan adam da aka rubuta, amma yakamata a yi taka tsantsan yayin tuntuɓar - mafi girman jikin mutum da hakora na mai ƙaddara wanda zai iya barin tunanin da ba za'a iya mantawa dashi game da haɗuwa dashi a teku.
A ƙarshe, ya kamata a sani cewa yawan sharanyan kifayen masarauta sun ragu sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Kifi mai kamun kifi, musamman ga ƙonewa, ƙarancin haifuwa da lalacewar muhalli a cikin mahalli suna shafar ikon jinsin mutane su kiyaye yalwarsu.
Naman wadannan kifayen kifayen, da sauran wakilan dangin mai launin toka, yana da amfani kuma yana da daɗi. A cikin Asiya, kasashen Afirka, da kuma a tsibiran Malaysia da Oceania, ana amfani da kifin shark. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Turai da Amurka sun shiga cikin irin wannan idin sosai.
Kuma idan ba ku dauki matakan gaggawa ba don kiyaye jinsi, wasun su da sannu za su bace daga fauna na duniyar.
Farauta da hali
Da farkon duhu, kifayen kifayen jeji suna farauta. Abincin ya ƙunshi sauran kifayen, har da octopuse da crabs. Saboda karancin girmanta, kifin yakamata ya shiga cikin kunkuntar tonon sililinda yad'auke dabbobin da sauran kifayen ba zasu iya samu ba (alal misali, morar malalata). Ko da wanda aka kashe ya fada cikin raunin da ke cike da kunkuntar, kifin dabbar dabbar ta iya lalata murhun murjani domin cin abincinsa.
Kifin shark na cikin teku yana da mummunan rauni na hanyoyin gano yiwuwar cin naman dabbobi. Suna kama na'urar wutar lantarki, alamun wutar lantarki da zazzabin da mai cutar ya shafa. Koda a cikin cikakken duhu yana da wuya a ɓoye daga maharbin. Sharks suna da matukar mahimmanci ga sautunan-ƙananan sautai waɗanda aka ji rauni a cikin su. Dayawa daga cikin magabatan sun yi karo da su lokaci guda, suna fadawa abin da ake kira "hauka abinci." Wannan halayyar halayyar mafiya yawan sharks ne, kuma reefs ba banda bane. Fiye da farauta a ƙarƙashin ɓoyewar dare, kifayen kifayen dabbobi na iya farautar kowane lokaci na rana idan suka “fahimci” wanda aka raunata a kusa da nan. Akwai shaidun da ke nuna cewa kifayen kifayen 'suna' sace 'kamun zakoki na teku, wanda yawanci kifin da kamshin kifin ke shafansu.
Reef Shark Reef Shark Hotuna da Bidiyo
Koyaya, wannan dabba ba za a kira ta da "maƙarƙashiya ba". Shark na iya tafiya ba tare da abinci ba har tsawon makonni 6.
Gabaɗaya, kifayen kifayen ba sa farauta, amma suna iya tarawa a cikin ƙaramin garke, suna mamaye yanki guda a kan kogin.
Rayuwa da sauran fasaloli
Babbar kifayen kifayen ba sa son yin iyo a kusa da tushe, sun fi son tsaftataccen ruwa. Akwai wasu lokuta da za'a iya samo su a cikin ƙananan wurare, inda zurfin ya kai kimanin mita ɗaya. Amma an fi son wannan nau'in zurfin ne daga mita takwas zuwa arba'in.
Anan akwai wasu fasalulluka na rayuwa game da sake fasalin sharks:
- A ranar da suke hutawa a ƙarƙashin tsaoka na dutse ko kuma a cikin wasu kogo, wani lokacin ma sukan tara da adadi mai yawa,
- sun kasance suna amfani da wannan tsari tsawon shekaru,
- ana nuna aiki cikin dare ko yayin raunin rauni (inda ake lura da abubuwa masu ƙarfi),
- farauta da dare,
A mafi ban mamaki fasalin farin-reef shark: godiya ga ƙaƙƙarfan motsi na jiki, yana da damar yin kwance kusan marasa ƙarfi a ƙasan. A lokaci guda, kwatankwacin na goge ruwa, wanda ke ba su damar numfashi.
Dangantakar mutane
Kifin kifin sanannen ya kasance na kifayen da suke neman abinci, yawanci yakan kusanci mutane kuma ya zama yana da kusanci. An yi imani cewa wannan nau'in ba shi da wata lahani kuma da wuya ya nuna taurin kai. Yawancin shahararrun wuraren da suka faru lokacin da suka kai hari mutane suna tsokanar mutane da kansu. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da waɗannan sharks azaman abubuwan kallo a cikin ruwa don yawon bude ido, har ma suna ƙoƙarin ciyar da hannu. An lura da yanayi yayin da suke cizo iri-iri.
A yammacin tekun Indiya, an kama kifayen teku a cikin Tekun Arabiya a kan iyakar Indiya da Pakistan, kazalika kusa da tsibirin Madagascar. An shirya abinci daga nama da hanta, amma akwai bayanai cewa yana yiwuwa guba a wasu yankuna.
A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, yawan ƙwayoyin Triaenodon mai lalacewa yana ci gaba da raguwa saboda karuwar abubuwan samarwa da ba a tsara su ba. Sabili da haka, ra'ayi yana da matsayin "Kusa da wuri mai rauni." Saurin haifuwa baya bada izinin wannan nau'in kifayen kifayen su iya yin matsin lamba daga kamun kifi. Masana sun yi imanin cewa wajibi ne a dauki matakai na musamman don kiyaye wannan nau'in.
Habitat
Kifin bakin teku na Caribbean mai yalwace ya yadu a cikin yankin zafi na yamma a tekun Atlantika, daga North Carolina a arewa da kuma Brazil a kudu.
Ana samunsa a yankin Gulf na Mexico da Caribbean, a tsibiran da ke kusa da tsibiri. Wannan shi ne ɗayan nau'in kifayen fata a cikin lardin Bahamas da Antilles.
Ya fi son m ruwa kusa da coasts, reefs da nahiyar gangara. Mafi yawancin lokuta ana iya samun shi a cikin zurfin 30 m, amma kuma yana iya nutsewa da yawa mita ɗari.
Bayyanar
Jiki mai santsi a hankali tare da matsattsun matsakaitan gajeran tsinkaye da fadi, idanu suna da girma sosai, sanye take da farar wuta. Akwai kananan tsagaggun hanci kusa da hanci. Hakoran hakora na sama sune triangular a cikin siffar, tare da fadi da fadi da ƙananan serlogies a gefuna na gewaye. Teethashin hakora tare da biri mai kama da biri. A ƙananan ƙananan hakora, hakora suna cikin layuka 11-13.
Hannun kafafun kafa da na kango suna da sifa kamar na sikila. Karatun caudal shine heterocercal tare da ƙaramin farji a gefen babban lobe.
A baya tsakanin ƙashin ƙyallen akwai ƙaramin haɓakar kashin baya.
Launi daga launin toka mai duhu zuwa launin toka-launin ruwan hoda a launi akan ɓangaren dorsal, kuma daga fari zuwa haske zuwa rawaya akan ciki. A gefuna akwai wani lokaci ɗan ƙaramin tsiri tsinkaye.
Tukwici na pectoral, pelvic, anal fin da caudal ventral lobe suna da launi mai duhu.
Abincin
Kifayen kifayen Caribbean suna ciyar da kamun kifi a cikin ruwa ruwa da dabbobin ƙasa. Suna cin abincin tunawa, mackerel, herring, flounder, stingrays har ma da ƙananan kifayen kifayen. Ganima mai ban sha'awa - dorinar ruwa, squid. Ba za a iya sarrafa abinci da ƙananan crustaceans.
Kamar sauran nau'ikan selachi, sun sami damar juyar da ciki don share abincin da ba zai iya cutarwa ba (jujjuyawar ciki).
Fasali masu fasali da kaddarorin jikin mutum masu ban sha'awa
Babu bambance-bambance na musamman na yau da kullun daga wasu nau'in manyan kifayen kifayen teku. Differencean bambance bambanci yana wurin wurin ƙashinsa a jiki, ƙirar su, lambarsu da siffar hakora.
Ma'aikatan kifayen kifayen Caribbean suna tare da rikice-rikice tare da rikice-rikicen kifayen fata da wasu sauran kifayen sharks.