Tsuntsu ya fi karami kadan girma - kimanin 13 - 14 cm a girma da kimanin nauyi a cikin 15-20 a saman sashin jikin mutum yana da launin ruwan kasa mai haske. Ciki da kirji suna ja. Daga baki ta hanyar ido sai wani bakin duhu mai duhu. Wani farin gira ya wuce ido. Mace tana da launin launi fiye da namiji.

Ana samun kuzarin a kusan kowane wuri a cikin sarari, amma ya kai mafi girma a cikin ciyayin makiyaya. Mafi yawan lokuta ana iya ganin sa zaune a kan labulen ciyawa kuma yana sa sautikan "duba, duba, duba ...". Gida yana zaune a ƙasa, yawanci a gindin daji na zobo, wata babbar shuka. Gida shine kofi mara ruwa, an juya shi daga bushe mai tushe da ganyayyaki na tsire-tsire. An yi raga da babban furen hatsi, lokaci-lokaci gashi da ulu. Masonry ya ƙunshi 5-7 na haske mai launin shuɗi mai haske-shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, wani lokacin ana iya samun saɓon launuka masu haske a ƙarshen ƙarshen ƙarshe. Tsuntsayen matasa suna barin mazaunin su a watan Yuni da Yuli. A watan Agusta - farkon Satumba, tashin masu hakar gwal ne.

Yana ciyarwa musamman akan kwari, tsutsotsi, katantanwa, gizo-gizo da berries.

Macaw aku

Bayanin Bird

Chasers sune asalin halittun tsuntsaye na dangin gogaggen. A cikin girman, waɗannan tsuntsayen sun fi girma gida biyu, tare da ɗan gajeren wutsiya, kuma suna da wayoyi. Tsawon jikinsu yana da kusan 15 cm, saurin ya kai g 20. Yawancin halayen tsabar tsabar dabi'a al'ada ce ta karkatar da wutsiyarsa kuma kamar, yana “durƙusa”.

Abubuwan da aka saba dasu cikin abubuwanda suka mamaye nau'ikan maza nau'ikan kunar bakin wake sune nono-ja, farin gira da kuma wani farin “abin rufe fuska” a gaban idanun. Mata suna da wuta, ba a bayyana gashinsu kodayaushe. Matashi mai launin shuɗewa yana kama da mace, a cikin kananan tsuntsayen an yi ado da baya da mottles mai haske, ciki kuwa duhu ne.

Siffofin Abinci

Nau'in nau'in sikilat din na tsuntsaye ne. Tushen abincin shine kwari da yawa, tsutsotsi, gizo-gizo, katantanwa. Bugu da kari, tsuntsu na iya ciyar da berries da tsaba. Tsabar kudi suna tattara ganima a cikin ciyawa a ƙasa. Na farko, a hankali suna neman kwari daga "maharan" da ke sama. Lokaci-lokaci suna iya kama kwari a cikin iska kamar masu tashi-ruwa.

Rarraba daidaituwa a yanayi

Ana samun nau'ikan nau'ikan cuwa-cuwa a duk yankin na Eurasian. Akwai shimfiɗa a cikin ciyawar makiyaya daga kogin Pechora da Arkhangelsk zuwa Caucasus da Kazakhstan, har ma zuwa Siberiya. Babbar tsuntsayen a kan Afirka.

Mintuna suna ƙaunar gida a cikin gumi da wuraren budewa - fadama, makiyaya, ciyayi.

Shin tsuntsu ne mai ƙauna?

Migratory jinsin dogara da takamaiman mazaunin jama'a. Kasancewar mazaunan yankin Turai mai tsauri - embossers na baki - suna ƙaura don hunturu zuwa kudu, kusa da Rum ko arewacin Afirka. Mazaunan ƙasashen Asiya masu ɗumi - babban adadin kuɗi - ba sa buƙatar jirgin zuwa hunturu.

Babban tsabar kudi

Dabbobin sun zama ruwan dare a Asiya (Bhutan, China, India, Kazakhstan, Nepal, Mongolia). Tsuntsu zaune a cikin tsaunuka, suna zaɓar alkama da ciyawa suals. Babban tsabar kudin mafi yawa ana zauna, ba sau da yawa tsuntsu mai nomad. A bayyanar yayi kama da ma'adanan ciyawa.

An rarrabe jinsunan a matsayin masu rauni, galibi saboda asarar makiyaya waɗanda suka zama dole ga tsuntsu ya rayu. A yau, yawan manyan mint lambobi 2500 - 10 000 mutane.

Mint mai kankara

Tsarin ya kai cm 12 a tsayi, nauyin jikinsa 10 - 13 g. Gumbe mai launin baki-da-kai a kai da kuma farin tsini a wuya sune alamun maza. Plarfafa a kirjinsa ja-orange, mai haske. Launi na mata shine paler.

Minan mint mai baƙar fata ya fi son zama a cikin sarari tare da wurare masu rarrabewa, alal misali, ciyawa da fadama. Ana samun tsuntsu a tsakiyar da kuma gabashin Turai, a cikin hunturu yakan tashi kudu da yamma daga wuraren haihuwarsa.

Namiji da mace sun kore: babban bambance-bambance

Ma'aikata suna da siffofin jima'i. Maza, a matsayinka na mai mulki, sun fi girma kuma firamansu suna da haske fiye da na mace. Don haka, suna da kyakkyawan sananne da kuma nuna babbar nono-ja, yayin da a cikin mata ya fi haske, launin shuɗi. Bugu da kari, kayan adon kamar farin ratsi a kai ko wuya suna nan a zubewar maza. Kuma mace ba ta da su. Matasa suna kama da mata.

Don kiyaye tsabar kudin zaka buƙaci babban karami tare da ƙaramin girman 60 cm by 30 cm by cm 90. Sage dole ne ya kasance dogayen katako ko kuma rassan.

Da farko, tsuntsu zai iya zama mai ban tsoro da jin kunya, amma da sauri yakan zama mai sabawa mutumin, kuma ya kusan zama mai amfani. Ana iya fitar da tsabar kuɗi a cikin keji cikin keji kuma a ba shi izinin tashi a kusa da gidan - tsuntsu zai zauna kusa da mutumin.

Yaya za a ciyar da tsabar kudin a gida?

Tsabar kudi kwalliya ce a cikin abinci mai gina jiki, kuma da yardar rai ku ci cakudadden al'ada ga tsuntsayen kwari. Cakuda Nightingale tare da ƙari da yanka na 'ya'yan itace da berries cikakke ne don ma'adinai. Ainihin abincin da zaku iya yiwa tsuntsun shine maganin tsutsotsi.

Neman waƙa

A cikin kararrawa da babbar murya na Mint, sautin "thuja-tui-check-check", "hee-hee-check-check", "yyu-yu-chik-chik" a bayyane suke. Wannan turawar tana jan hankalin mata da kuma taimakawa tsuntsun ta yiwa yankin ta. Maza suna raira waƙa cikin tsayiren bushes da ciyayi.

Babban karin waƙar tsuntsayen ya ƙunshi saurin rarrafe da abubuwa, wanda a ciki ake jin shaƙewa, cizon tsutsa da kuwacewa. Minin na iya hadawa da kwafa muryoyin wasu nau'in tsuntsaye.

Maza suna rairawa da ƙwazo sosai a lokacin matsu.

Yawan hali, rarrabawa

Shin akwai tsuntsuyen da suke binsu ko'ina? Mint galibi an zaunar dashi a cikin ciyayi tare da ciyayi masu tsayi ko ciyayi mai tsayi tare da mai kauri waɗanda tsuntsaye suke amfani dashi azaman ƙari.

A kudanci Kudancin Turai sun zabi farin cikin farin ciki, tsaunin tsaunuka, gefunan manyan dutsen da ke da tsaunuka a tsawan mita 700-2200. tekuna.

Wuraren rarrabawa ya dogara da nau'in tsuntsu. Misali, karamin mint (wanda ya fi kowa) ana samunsa galibi a cikin Eurasia. Kuma a cikin Turai, rarraba su ba ya wuce kudu zuwa digiri 43-digiri na latitude arewa.

Gidajen tsuntsaye na Mint a Rasha sune yankuna daga Arewacin Caucasus zuwa Arkhangelsk, iyakarsu ta isa Kazakhstan (ɓangaren yamma), kuma a Yammacin Siberiya zuwa saman Yenisei. Ya fi son wannan nau'in ya zauna a cikin ciyayin makiyayan. Hakanan ana samun shi a gefuna, sharewa, makiyaya, makiyaya, kuri'a wanda ba kowa, sharewa.

Siffofin Muryar

Waƙar tsabar tsabar kuɗi tana nika niƙa, waƙa da waƙa, waƙa tare da ɗan hutu daban-daban a cikin tazara, wani lokacin kuma da wasu sautuna da jumla. Waƙoƙi na makiyaya da shugabannin baƙi sun yi daidai da juna.

Yawancin lokaci mawaƙi yakan zauna a kan babban sanannen reshe na daji ko itace, a kan shinge, a kan mafi tsayi ciyawa. Za a iya rera waka cikin jirgin sama mai girma da ba sosai. Yakan yi waka da yawa a lokacin tallatawar, da kowane lokaci na rana, har ma da dare. A lokacin farauta, irin wannan aikin yana raguwa sosai.

Alamar faɗakarwa da kiran da aka saba yi daga neman ba sa babbar murya “rajistan-duba”, “duba”, “hi-check-check”, “yu-chik-chik”, da sauransu.

Nesting

Ana bin mazaunin tsuntsu koyaushe akan ƙasa, cikin kyakkyawan hutu, tsakanin ciyawa, bushes, humps. Gida an gina shi da gansakuka, ciyawa mai kyau, kuma an shimfiɗa tire tare da ruwan tabarau na bakin ciki ko babban ulu.

Yawancin lokaci a cikin kama akwai ƙwai 5-6, waɗanda a cikin ciyawar ma'adanan suna da launi mai kyau fiye da na masu baƙar fata. An zane su da launin shuɗi, shuɗi, launuka masu launin shuɗi, tare da launin shuɗi ko launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka. Za'a iya samun tabarma a ƙarshen ƙarshen. Qwai ne kawai ya rage kwanciya ta hanyar mace har tsawon kwanaki 13. Zai iya zama broods biyu a cikin bazara.

Abinci mai gina jiki

A abinci, waɗannan tsuntsayen basu da ma'ana. Tsuntsun Mint mafi yawanci yana ciyar da kwari, wanda yake tarawa a cikin ciyawa. Ganima galibi ana neman daga wasu ƙarami. Kuma a cikin iska, tsabar kudi na iya kama kwari.

Daga tsakiyar lokacin rani suna yawo tare da broods, a cikin maraice ko a cikin ƙananan rukuni. Suna fara tashi don hunturu daga ƙarshen Agusta zuwa Satumba.

A gida, za'a iya ciyar dasu da gaurayawar al'ada na tsuntsayen kwari. Nightingale abinci tare da admixtures na guda na berries da 'ya'yan itatuwa cikakke ne a gare su. Abubuwan nishaɗi don ma'adinai shine tsutsotsi na gari.

A ƙarshe

Igrationaura daga tsabar kudi ta dogara da mazaunin alumma. Misali, mazaunan dindindin a Yankin Turai mai zafin fata (shuwagabannin baƙi) suna ƙaura kusa da yankunan Bahar Rum ko kuma sassan arewacin Afirka don hunturu. Mazaunan ƙasashen Asiya (babban adadin kuɗi) - ba su da irin wannan buƙatu - sun ci gaba da zama a cikin ƙasarsu ta rana.

Kayan mazaunan Habitat

Ana samun ma'adanan ciyada a duk wuraren da ake buɗa fili, amma ya fi dacewa a zauna a cikin ciyayi na ciyayi daban-daban, inda ya kai mafi girma. Ana samun tsuntsu a gefuna da share-fage, makiyaya da wuraren kiwo, share-share da wuraren lamuran.

Mint ɗin yana zaune a cikin ciyayi tare da ciyayi masu tsayi ko ciyayi mai tsayi tare da m mai tushe, wanda yake amfani dashi azaman ƙari. A kudu na Turai ya zabi ciyayi mai laushi, ciyayi mai tsayi, gefukan gandun daji mai ban sha'awa wanda ke nisan mil 700 zuwa 2200 sama da matakin teku. A kan lokaci yakan tsaya don ciyarwa a gona.

Waka makiyaya ke bi a kan tsayi bushes da mai tushe.

Hijira na Mint tsabar kudi

Tsuntsu mai hijira. Don hunturu kwari zuwa kasashen Equatorial Afirka. Ya tashi zuwa wuraren farauta a ƙarshen bazara, lokacin da makiyaya ke rufe ciyawa. Farkon lokacin kaka yana farawa a watan Agusta.

Abun da ake tsammani na ɗan masara shine shekaru 6-8.