Oda, dangi: cyclic.

M ruwa mai sanyi: 24-27 ° C.

Ph: 7-8.

Rashin adalci: m 70%.

Karfinsu: za'a iya kiyaye shi tare da sauran cichlids, tare da yanayin guda ɗaya.

Lura: bisa hukuma, da tuni nau'in “Cichlazoma” - gabaɗaya, a zahiri, ba ya wanzu. Dukkansu an “firgita” zuwa ga halittu daban-daban =) Misali, tare da cichlazoma mai launin fata-baki - gabaɗaya mai gadi! Yanzu tana Cryptocheros, har ma wani lokacin Archocentrus da Amatitlania. Kuma cichlazoma lu'u-lu'u (tsohon Cichlasoma cyanoguttatum) yanzu kullun yafi Herichthis carpintis. Wani lokaci!

Managuan cichlid babban kifi ne mai ƙarfi da haske. Masu suna bayan mazaunin. Mutane suna kiranta - jaguar (saboda launi). Girman kifin ya kai cm 40 zuwa 40. Managuan cihlazoma za a iya ajiye shi a cikin manya manyan ɗakunan ruwa, yana da girma babba. Kuna buƙatar akwatin kifaye tare da ƙaramin lita 400 (kowace biyu), janar na cikin ruwa na 600-800 lita ko fiye. Maƙwabta na iya zama babban cichlids. Tare da karamin kifi ba za ku iya shuka ba ... tsage zuwa gashin tsuntsaye!

Cichlazoma managuan hoto

Kifayen suna da kwanciyar hankali kuma suna da kwanciyar hankali, amma suna kiyaye yankin su kamar masu aika wuta, sune magabatansu masu aiki waɗanda ke ciyar da ba kawai kan ƙananan kifaye ba, har ma a kan manyan magudanan jini, da saukar ruwan sama, da babban lardin kwari, da busasshen abinci.

Maballin ruwa mai gamsarwa don abun ciki: 24-27 ° C, taurin da ake so 15-25 °, pH 7-8. Buƙatar haɓaka da haɓakar tacewa tare da canjin ruwa na mako-mako zuwa 1/3 na ƙara.

Cichlazoma managuan hoto

Suna kai ga balaga har zuwa shekara. Maza sun fi girma da haske sosai fiye da mace, suna bambanta tsarin tsinkaye da ƙoshin baya.

Ciyar da kifin kifaye ya kamata ya zama daidai: daidaita, bambance bambancen. Wannan ka'ida ta asali ita ce mabuɗin don nasarar cin nasarar kowane kifi, ya kasance ko cukurkuɗe ko sararin samaniya. Mataki na ashirin da "Yaya kuma nawa don ciyar da kifin kifaye" yayi Magana game da wannan dalla-dalla, yana shimfida mahimman ka'idodin tsarin abinci da tsarin ciyar da kifi.

Cichlazoma managuan hoto

A cikin wannan labarin, mun lura da mafi mahimmancin abu - ciyar da kifin bai kamata ya zama ruwan dare ba, duka bushe da abinci mai rai ya kamata a haɗa su cikin abincin. Bugu da kari, yana da buqatar yin la’akari da fifikon gastronomic na wani kifi kuma, ya danganta da wannan, ya qunshi cikin abincinsa ko dai da abun cikin furotin ko kuma akasarin kayan abinci.

Cichlazoma managuan hoto

Ina kifi, ba shakka, bushewar abinci ne. Misali, kowane sa'a kuma ko'ina zaka iya samu akan akwatin akwatin kifayen ciyar da kamfanin Tetra - shugaban kasuwar Rasha, a zahiri batun samar da abincin wannan kamfani abun mamaki ne. Etraarfin “gastronomic arsenal” ya haɗa da ciyarwar mutum don wani nau'in kifin: na kifin gwal, ga cichlids, don loricaria, guppies, labyrinths, ƙanshi, tattauna, da sauransu. Tetra kuma ya haɓaka ciyarwar musamman, alal misali, don haɓaka launi, mai ƙarfi ko don ciyar da soya. Cikakken bayani akan duk abubuwan ciyarwar Tetra, zaku iya samu akan shafin yanar gizon official na kamfanin - nan.

Ya kamata a lura cewa lokacin sayen kowane busasshen abinci, ya kamata ku kula da kwanan watan da aka ƙirƙira shi da rayuwar shiryayye, ƙoƙari kada ku sayi abinci ta hanyar nauyi, kuma ku adana abinci a cikin rufaffiyar jihar - wannan zai taimaka don guje wa ci gaban pathogenic flora a ciki.

Rayuwa cikin yanayi

Managuan cichlazoma an fara bayyana shi a Gunther a cikin 1867. Tana zaune a Tsakiyar Amurka daga Kogin Ulua a Honduras har zuwa Kogin Matina a Costa Rica.

Ba kamar yawancin kifin ruwan kifin ba, yana girma har zuwa ingantaccen girma, kuma kifi ne na kasuwanci a mahaifarsa.

Tana zaune a wuraren ajiyar ruwa iri daban-daban, daga tafkuna tare da ƙasa mai laushi mai yalwar ciyawa tare da ciyayi, zuwa koguna masu sauri da haraji.

Akwai ra'ayoyi ga wurare tare da ruwa mai ɗumi, a cikin abin da ake ɗan sami iskar oxygen a ruwa.

Bayanin

Manichan cichlazoma yana da jiki mai haɓaka, a ƙarshenta kuma jikinshi mai ɗanɗano, wanda nan da nan yakan fitar da magabacin da ya dace da saurin jefawa.

A cikin yanayin, ya kai tsawon tsayi na 60 cm, kuma nauyin kilo kilogiram. Filin kifin ya fi karami, maza kusan 40 cm ne, kuma mace tana da cm 35, amma kuma irin waɗannan masu girma dabam suna sa ya yiwu a kira shi ɗayan manyan cichlids da ke ƙunshe cikin ɗakunan furannin 'yan koyo. Tsammani na rayuwa shine shekaru 15, amma tare da kyakkyawar kulawa zasu iya rayuwa tsawon rai.

Kodayake shekarun kifin ba su shafi kyakkyawa da yawa ba, amma Managuana yana canza launinta daban-daban a rayuwa. Veniauraye, maza da mata, masu launi ne masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu duhu, suna ɗaukar launuka masu duhu daga dama zuwa tsakiyar jiki. Amma, yayin da suke girma, waɗannan manyan raunin baƙin cikin maza a hankali sun juzu cikin aibobi, sannan kuma gaba ɗaya suka shuɗe.

Mata kuwa, na iya samun manyan filaye a tsakiyar jiki, fara kai tsaye a bayan murfin gill.

A cikin kifin da suka manyanta, launi ya zama daidai wanda aka sa wa suna - jaguars. Wannan juyawa ne na baƙar fata da fararen fata, wani lokacin tare da ƙima mai ƙyalli.

Suna da haƙoran haƙora don farauta da ƙoshin haskoki a kan ƙusoshin don karewa daga sauran masu farautar.

Managuan cichlazoma ya ci kansa:

Wuya a cikin abun ciki

Abu ne mai sauki mu kula da Managuana, sai dai hadaddun babban akwatin kifayen da kuma matatun mai ƙarfi sosai. Tabbas, wannan kifin ba don masu farawa bane. Tana da girma sosai, m, ƙaddara.

A cikin yanayin, ya kai 60 cm, kuma yana iya nauyin kilo da yawa. Koyaya, akwatin kifaye yafi ƙanƙanta, kusan 40 cm.

Saboda girmanta da yanayin tashin hankali, ya fi kyau a adana shi daban, a cikin biotope wanda yake kama jikin ruwan Amurka ta Tsakiya, kuma ba shakka, a guji adana shi da ƙaramin kifi mai ƙima.

Ciyar da abinci

Ciyar da ita dabi'a ce ga duk kifayen da aka yanke. A cikin yanayi, yana ciyar da ƙaramin kifi da invertebrates.

A akwatin kifayen suna da nau'ikan abinci iri iri: kifi, crickets, earthworms, tadpoles.

Duk da cewa sun fi son abinci na rayuwa, suna kuma iya cin fillet kifi, shrimp, krill da sauran irin abinci. Ciyarwar yakamata ya zama sau ɗaya a rana, kuna iya yin ranar hutu sau ɗaya a mako.

Lura cewa masana basu bada shawarar bada abinci akai-akai ga dabbobi masu shayarwa ba. Abinci kamar zuciyar naman sa ya ƙunshi kitse mai yawa da furotin, wanda jaguar cichlids ba zai iya narkewa ba.

Kuna iya ƙara irin waɗannan ciyarwa lokaci-lokaci, sau ɗaya a mako, amma koyaushe cikin matsakaici, ba tare da shayarwa ba.

Don waɗannan manyan kifayen, kuna buƙatar babban akwatin kifaye, aƙalla lita 450. Waɗannan kifaye ne masu tayar da hankali, kuma don rage haɓaka, suna buƙatar yankin kansu, wanda sauran kifayen ba za su iyo ba.

Ana buƙatar babban kayan ado - duwatsu, daskararre, da babban tsakuwa kamar ƙasa. Babu bukatar tsirrai; wadannan dodannin suna rusa su cikin sauri da azabtarwa.

A dabi'a, suna rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai laka, maimakon duhu, launi, saboda haka zaka iya ƙara 'yan bushe ganye, kamar itacen oak ko almond, zuwa akwatin kifaye.

Yana da muhimmanci sosai cewa akwatin kifayen yana da tsabtataccen ruwa, tunda yayin abinci da rayuwa, sinadarin Managuan ya bar abubuwa da yawa.

Kuna buƙatar amfani da matattara mai ƙarfi na waje, kuma akai-akai maye gurbin wani ɓangaren ruwan tare da ruwa mai tsafta.

Kodayake za su iya rayuwa a cikin ɗakunan ruwa daban-daban kuma tare da sigogi na ruwa daban, za su kasance da kyau: ph: 7.0-8.7, 10-15 dGH da zazzabi na 24-28 C.

Amateurs lura cewa mafi yawan zafin jiki, da mafi m da Managuans zama. Don haka ya fi kyau a kiyaye a ƙarshen iyaka, a digiri 24 don rage zalunci.

Yarbuwa

Tabbas kifi ba don aquarium na ruwa bane. Wannan kifin kaddara ne, mai ƙasa, mai saurin rikicewa wanda ya zama mafi muni yayin lalata.

An fi dacewa da shi tare da sauran manyan cichlids a Amurka ta Tsakiya, ko tare da babban kifi - red-tailed, pangasius, da clarius. Babban gourami da baƙar fata pacu ma sun dace.

Idan kuna shirin samun soya daga gare su, zai fi kyau kada ku riƙe kifin kifi irin su plecostomus, tunda cikin dare suna cin caviar daga Managuans. Gabaɗaya, lokacin da zasu juya, yana da kyau cewa babu wasu kifaye a cikin akwatin kifaye.

Kuna iya ƙunsar kifi ɗaya ko ma'aurata. Suna da tsaurin ra'ayi ga kifayen halittunsu, sai dai idan sun girma cikin nau'i-nau'i a duk rayuwarsu. Ko da an dasa mace da ba a san ta ba a cikin namiji, zai iya kashe ta da sauri, musamman idan ya fi ta girma.

Kiwo

Managuan cichloma an goge shi a cikin akwatin kifaye shekaru da yawa. Sune sun zama amintacciyar ma'aurata kuma sune babban iyayen ga yayansu. Koyaya, don samar da irin wannan, ya zama dole don haɓaka da yawa tare don su da kansu su zaɓi abokin tarayya.

Haƙiƙa ita ce yunƙurin dasa mace da ta riga ta girma ga namiji yawanci yana ƙare da raunin da ya faru ko ma mutuwar mace. Namiji yana da matukar zafin rai, har ma da mazan da aka riga aka kafa sunfi kyau a ajiye su a cikin wani akwatin kifaye masu yawa, mace ita ce zata nemi mafaka.

Lokacin da lokacin haihuwa ya yi, namiji zai fara kula da mace ya kuma tono ƙasa a bayan babban dutse.

Kamar yadda gida yake shirye, kuma ranar ƙyamar ta kusa kusanto, namiji ya fi ƙarfin maƙwabta, har ma ya kai farmaki hannunka yayin da yake aiki a cikin akwatin kifaye.

Don haɓaka tsalle-tsalle, ma'auratan suna buƙatar ciyar da su sosai kuma sau da yawa ana maye gurbinsu da ruwa sau biyu a mako, kuma yawan zafin jiki zuwa 28 ° C shima yana taimakawa.

A wannan zazzabi, qwai da aka yiwa alama zai kyankyasar bayan sa'o'i 72, a ƙari, wannan zai rage yiwuwar lalacewar ƙwai ta hanyar fungi.

Mace koyaushe tana lura da caviar, tana cire datti da katantanwa. Bayan ƙyanƙyallen yayyafa, yana ciyar da abinda ke cikin jakar gwaiduwa, kuma bayan kwanaki 3-4 ne kawai za'a iya ciyar dashi.

Fara abinci na iya zama abincin fodder na soya, soyawan kwai. Yayin da soya ke girma, suna canzawa zuwa Artemia nauplii.

Bambanci na jaguar cichlid

Wurin haifuwa na garin Managuan cichlazoma shi ne wuraren da ke da banbancin rafi a Amurka ta Tsakiya: koguna tare da igiyoyin ruwa mai sauri da jinkiri, Wuraren ruwa tare da tsauraran ruwa da tabkuna tare da ciyayi mai yawa. Kogin Managua na ɗaya daga cikinsu, kuma sunan tafkin an kafa shi daga sunan kifin. Launi na jaguar yana da fasali na gaba ɗaya. Hoton Managuan cichlazoma yana nuna cewa jikin kifin ya rufe gaba da duhu duhu na wani abu mara iyaka, wanda ke samar da tsarin da ya dace. Kifi biyu da suke da tsari iri ɗaya a zahiri basu wanzu.

Wannan halayyar haɓaka launuka masu launi a lokacin balaga na kifi, wanda ke faruwa yana da kimanin shekara 1. Launin 'yan Managu suna canzawa yayin da suke tsufa.

A cikin hoto na Managuan cichlazoma wanda ke sama, an ga cewa ƙananan yara sun kasance kodatse kuma suna da 'yan maɓallin duhu kaɗan da ke ratsa ta baya. Kuma tsoffiɗaɗɗun mutane a ƙarshen rayuwa suna samun launin rawaya saboda molting.

Sauran fasalulluka na bayyanar jaguar cichlid:

• Tsarin jikin yana kama da ɗan ƙaramin elongated, amma m. Jikin yana da yawa, dan kadan matsa shi gefe. Wannan fom cikakke ne don saurin jefawa yayin farauta.
• Babban falon yana sanye da babbar bakin, lebe suna da kauri.
• Fin din bayan ya fara kai tsaye bayan kai ya daga kai har zuwa wutsiya.
• Kamar yadda yake tare da duk cichlids, ƙarshen murza da ƙashin ƙugu sune hotunan hoton juna.
• Fin caudal ba shi da madaukai-dimbin launuka.

Bidiyo na kusa da cichlazoma na Managuan yana sa a ga dukkan waɗannan alamun.

Masu kula da lafiyar masu ruwa da tsaki sun tabbatar da cewa kiyayewar Managuan cichlazoma abu ne mai sauki kuma har ya zuwa wani saukin. Iyakar yanayin "mai wuya" shine babban girma na akwatin kifaye, wanda ake buƙata don duk manyan cichlids, alal misali, astronotuses. Dalilin haka ne cewa waɗannan cichlids tare da bayyanar da ban mamaki a cikin tasoshin gidaje ba su rayuwa sau da yawa, amma sune "ado" na ofisoshi da wuraren jama'a.

Volumearar akwatin kifaye

Kasancewa babban kifi, ciclazoma na Managuan a cikin akwatin kifaye na iya girma zuwa santimita 35. Suchaya daga cikin waɗannan mutum yana buƙatar ƙara girman lita 60 zuwa 80 (zai fi dacewa ƙari). Kuma don manags biyu na manya, ana ba da shawarar ikon ƙara daga lita 300. Lokacin adana yawan kifaye (ko kuma raba shi da sauran nau'in halittu), zai fi dacewa ka ɗauki ƙara girma - 600 ko ma lita 800. Amma game da tsarin narkar da abinci, an ba da izinin amfani da aquariums na lita 200 na ɗan gajeren lokaci.

Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa doguwar zaman rayuwar ƙananan yara a cikin matattarar ruwa mai kiftawa tabbas zai sa haɓaka su daina. Akwai haɗari wanda daga baya, koda bayan sanya su cikin kwantena masu fadi, ba zasu sami damar girma zuwa girman girman su ba.

Mafi kyawun maƙwabta

Akwai kuma wani “wahala” wajen aikin jaguar - zaɓin maƙwabta. Yarda da Managuan cichlazoma yana da wasu iyaka:

• An kusanci kusanci ga duk ƙananan kifaye da halin mai natsuwa. Irin waɗannan maƙwabta da sauri suna zama abinci don jaguar cichlids. Waɗannan Antsistruses, takuba, ƙanana da sauran ƙananan kifayen.
• Kyakkyawan maƙwabta: babban kifin kifi, irin su kifin kifi, sauran manyan cichlids (astronotuses, citron cichlomas, jan parrots).

Yankin da ya fi dacewa da jaguars shima ya ta'allaka ne a cikin yanayin halin waɗancan kifin wanda zai kasance tare da su a cikin akwatin kifaye guda. Bayan duk wannan, jaguar cichlid shine kifi mai kwantar da hankula kuma na farko ba ya kaiwa hari, amma, yana da m lokacin da yake ƙoƙarin mamaye yankin sa, musamman lokacin kiwo da kuma ɓarna. Saboda haka, kwantar da hankula kuma ba fushin baƙar fata, babban gourami, toho da ƙugiya su ma maƙwabta ne masu kyau ga managas kuma ku ci gaba da kasancewa tare da su. Idan kuna shakku da jituwa na cichlazoma na Managuan tare da kowane irin kifi, kada ku ƙulla kowa da su, saboda jaguars suna da daraja a ciki da kansu ba tare da maƙwabta ba.

Gabatarwa

Managun cichlazoma yana daya daga cikin manyan kifayen da za a iya ajiye su a cikin akwatin kifaye. Zai yi wuya mutum ya hango wannan halitta a cikin akwatin gidan cikin gida, galibi ana iya ganin waɗannan kifaye a cikin manyan ofisoshin wuraren sarari.

A cikin Latin, kifin ana kiran shi Parachromis managuensis (wanda yake a baya Cichlasoma managuense).

A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, rayuwa a cikin jikin ruwa na yankuna na tsakiyar Amurka: Kogin Ulua (a Honduras), Matia (a Costa Rica) da Lake Managua (wanda ke a cikin Nicaragua). Mutane a cikin Panama, El Salvador, Guatemala, Kudancin Meksiko da tsibirin Caribbean suna zaune a cikin kifaye. Ba haka ba da daɗewa, masunta sun ba da cichloma na Managuan zuwa jihar Florida ta Amurka. Tare da wannan juyawa, waɗannan kifayen sun nuna halin mugunta kuma sun ci mazaunan wuraren da ba a sani ba. Ga masu son kamun kifi, cichlazoma managua (kamar yadda ake kira shi tsakanin masu ruwa da ruwa) shi ne babban ganima, kuma masoya na akwatin kifaye suna da sha'awar hakan sau da yawa.

Jikin Managuan cichloma yana da kyau kuma yana da daɗewa da sifa. Girman wannan halitta yana da ban sha'awa da gaske: a cikin daji, managua cichlazomas ya girma zuwa 50 cm a tsayi, tsawon samfuran samfuran akwatin kifin bai wuce 30 ko 40 cm ba. Mafi girman managua cichlazoma da aka kama shine 63 cm tsayi kuma nauyin 1580 gram (asalin).

Launin launi na Managuan cichloma yana canzawa tare da tsufa: jikin kifayen wannan kifi yana daɗaɗɗu tare da ratsin launuka mai duhu wanda ke tashi daga kashin baya zuwa tsakiyar ciki. A tsawon lokaci, ratsi ya juya ya zama digo, wanda ya bambanta a girma da kuma sifar. A cikin maza, aibobi sun ɓace, kuma cikin mace sukan bazu ko'ina a farfajiya, baya ban da ƙyallen. Waɗannan alamomin baƙi ne, launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka mai haske. Managua cichlazoma yana da shugaban girman girma, babban baki da lebe. Iris na wadannan halittu masu karawa ja ne. Hannun ƙusoshin suna sanye da katako mai kaifi waɗanda ke zama makaman kare kai. Rsarshen dorsal ya wuce zuwa wutsiyar wutsiyar sannan ya ƙare a cikin kuɗin fata. Hakanan fin ɗin yana da aibobi da aka shirya.

Managuan cichlazomas suna cikin mutanen da suka daɗe suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 15.

Addinin akwatin kifaye da ƙasa da tsirrai

• Soilasa ta zama babba babba, a wanke ta ba tare da sasanninta mai kaushi ba.
• Dole ne a sami mafaka dabam dabam a kasan don ba da damar kifin ya ɓoye.

Waɗannan sharuɗɗan sun zama ruwan dare ga duk manyan cichlids. Masu ruwa da tsaki a cikin aquarists suna kiran cichlids “lambu wuri mai faɗi” saboda al'aurarsu na jan ganyayen a kullun zuwa ƙasa. Sabili da haka, mataccen tsakuwa, wanda yake da wuya a ja, ana bada shawarar a matsayin mafi kyawun madadin, don haka wannan ma'aunin zai hana canje-canje akai-akai a cikin farfajiyar ƙasa da haɓakar ruwa a sakamakon. A farkon farawa da bidiyon Managuan cichlazoma, zaku iya ganin kimanin girman ƙasa tsakuwa a cikin akwatin kifayenta.

Koyaya, kar ku kwantar da dabbobinku dama na gaba ɗaya don jin daɗin "ayyukan don sauya yanayin shimfidar gidansu" kuma ƙara ƙananan pebbles a ƙasa wanda ruwan jaguars zai iya ja. Mazauna matsakaici tsari ne da aka yi da sagags da manyan duwatsun, waɗanda aka tsara su a cikin hanyar kofofin raye-raye. Duk waɗannan matakan dole ne a gyara su sosai a ƙasan.

Shuke-shuke

Ya kamata a yi zurfin dasa bishiyoyi masu rai a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da Managas. Tabbas, ciki na kowane akwatin kifaye, wanda aka dasa ta da tsire-tsire masu kore, yayi kama da rayayye kuma na halitta. Amma a tsakanin masu binciken ruwa, ra'ayin ya tabbatar da cewa Managuan cichlazomas ba zai iya zama tare da tsire-tsire masu rai ba saboda al'adun tono ƙasa. Sakamakon haka, kowane tsiro ya haƙa. Sabili da haka, mafi kyawun "wuraren sarari" a cikin gidan waɗannan kifayen suna da filastik.

Kuna iya ƙoƙarin yin amfani da tsire-tsire waɗanda ba su da tushe kuma mai saurin girma: Canadian elodea ko cladophore na fili. Hornwort kuma na iya zama tsiro "gwaji" a cikin kwandon shara tare da managas wanda zai yiwa adon ruwan. Sai dai idan dabbobinku har ilayau sun haƙa shi daga ƙasa, kar ku zama masu haushi. An yi muku gargaɗi game da halayensu!

Akwatin kifaye

Fishaya daga cikin kifayen wannan nau'in yakamata ya sami akalla ruwa 60-80 na ruwa. Idan aka ɗauka cewa za a adana kifaye da yawa, to lallai ne ruwan kifaye ɗin ya zama girmansa mai ban sha'awa. Zai fi kyau ya kasance akwati madaidaiciya madaidaiciya. Don daidaita yanayin ruwa tare da oxygen da kuma tsabtace shi a kan kari, mazaunin waɗannan cichlases dole ne a sanye shi da damfara da matattara.

An samar da akwatin kifaye tare da managuan cichlases cike da ruwa mai tsafta tare da taurin matsakaici da tsaka tsaki ko ɗan kwalliyar alkaline. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na kifaye na wannan nau'in ana ɗauka ya zama daga digiri 24 zuwa 28. An lura cewa a cikin ruwa mai dumi (daga digiri 24) cichlomas suna da juyayi kuma suna yin tashin hankali. Tabbatar canza kimanin rabin girman ruwa sau ɗaya a mako. Lokacin da ingancin yanayin ruwa mai ruwa ya lalace, kifayen sun fara rashin lafiya: sun fara damuwa kuma sun canza launin jikinsu.

Kasar

Kamar kowane nau'in cichlids, cinelomas managuan suna son su shiga cikin ƙasa. Ganin wannan yanayin, ana sanya ƙasa mai nauyi ana ɗaukar shi a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da kifaye na wannan nau'in (tsakuwa tare da manyan ƙananan matsakaitan galibi ana amfani da su). A matsayin kayan ado, daskararren itace, shards ko manyan bawo ana sanya su a cikin akwatin kifaye.

Daga algae, ana amfani da tsire-tsire masu tasowa masu sauri waɗanda basa buƙatar kafe. Wasu lokuta ana yin ado da akwatin kifaye tare da tsire-tsire masu filastik mai ɗorewa.

Ba'a ba da shawarar sanya akwatin kifaye a cikin wuri mai haske ba - Managuan cichlazomas sun fi son gilashin wuta. Don tabbatar da irin wannan yanayi, an bar richia ko duckweed a saman ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye.

Yadda ake ciyar da cukuloma na managuan?

A cikin yanayin cichloma, Managuan ƙaddara ce ta al'ada. Girman sa mai ban sha'awa yana ba ku damar kai farmaki ƙananan kifi. A cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye, ana ba su ƙananan kifaye, babban zubar jini, dunƙen ƙasa, shrimps, ƙananan dabbobi masu rarrafe. Ana iya ciyar da su da nama mai ɗanɗano ko bushewa tare da manyan barbashi.

Yaya ake bambance namiji daga mace?

Matasa mutane na Managuan cichlazoma sun girma sosai ba tare da matsala ba don haka yana da wuya a gane namiji da mace tun suna saurayi. Game da halayen jima'i suna magana ne kawai lokacin da kifin ya kai watanni 10 da haihuwa. Da farko dai, an bambanta waɗannan:

• maza na cichlazoma na Managuan, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna da tsarin da suka fi na mace hankali,
• maza kan yi girma da yawa kuma ƙari a bango ya fi faɗi,
• cinyan baya na mutum shi ne silori, yayin da mace ba ta da launi,
• jikin mace yana da alamu na zinare, jikin mace yana da siliki.

Abubuwan ban sha'awa

• Minimumaramar mace na Managuan cichlazoma, an riga an shirya don tsabtace, ta kasance mm 116. Girman ƙaramin yaro a cikin irin wannan ya kasance mm 135 mm.
• Girman wannan nau'in tare da cichlases ya dogara da girman akwatin kifaye. A cikin kananan tankuna, haɓaka haɓakar kananan dabbobin ke raguwa kuma kifayen ba su girma da yawa.
• A soya ƙara girma a cikin peculiar hawan keke. Har zuwa watanni 4 na haihuwa, ƙananan yara sun kai tsayin 15 cm. Kuma kawai bayan shekara ɗaya da rabi, Managuan cichlazomas ya girma zuwa girman babban kifi.

Bayyanar

Cichlids yana girma a cikin yanayi na dabi'a zuwa 60 cm. Tsawon jikin kifin da aka kyan shi a zaman bauta ya fi guntu - wakilan mata sun yi girma zuwa 35 cm, kuma wakilai na maza zuwa 40. Amma har ma da irin wannan girman girma yana haifar da matsaloli a ajiye saboda girman su.

Jikin yana da tsawo kuma yana da kauri sosai a bangarorin. Manyan jikin tapers zuwa yankin kai da wutsiya. Shugaban yana da siffar alwatika tare da mucks ɗin da aka ɗora sama. Jaunƙan tsokoki suna da girma da kumburi sama da na sama. Bakin yana karami, amma saboda manyan lebe da alama ya fi girma. Saboda motsin motsi na jaws, kifi ya iya hadiye manyan abubuwan farauta. A idanu yawanci launin ruwan-kasa ne.

Dowarfin ƙarancin ya fara da girma kadan, amma kuma sannu a hankali ya buɗe ya kuma girma zuwa tsawon. A karshen, cinikin yayi kama da jirgin ruwa. Kwakwalwar kwalliya ta kusan maimaita maimaitawar yanayin. Fin ventral fin karami ne. Farshe ƙarshen suna m, yayin da wasu launuka iri ɗaya ne kamar jiki. Ofarshen ƙusoshin sun yi kaifi, suna kuma da ƙarfi don kariyar kai.

Launi na cichlazoma ya dogara da shekaru:

• A lokacin ƙuruciya, babu sifofi na sihiri a jikin mutum, soyayyen launuka ne masu launi, yawancin lokuta tare da rabewar duhu a kwance.
• Kusan shekarun 'yan watanni, launin ya canza. The hankali ana maye gurbinsa da tabo, adadin wanda kawai ke ƙaruwa tare da shekaru.
• A cikin manya, kwance mai duhu a tsakiyar bangarorin, wanda ya ƙunshi manyan aibobi, galibi ya kasance.

Tsawon rayuwa

Cichlid ne ba kawai ban sha'awa a cikin girman, amma kuma a cikin tsawon rai. A matsakaici, wakilan nau'in suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 15, amma tare da kyakkyawar kulawa da kulawa suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 18.

Matsaloli a cikin kiyaye jaguar suna da alaƙa da girmanta. Yana da wuya a zaɓi madaidaicin akwatin kifaye, musamman a yayin da ake riƙe wakilai da yawa na nau'in.

Wata wahala ta ta'allaka ne ga yanayin tashin hankali da kuma yankinta. Maƙwabta don irin wannan kifin gaba ɗaya ba ya nan ko zaɓaɓɓu sosai. Don adana su a cikin akwatin kifaye, kuna buƙatar yin mafaka mai yawa.

Kifi da sauri ƙazantar da ruwa, don haka ana buƙatar sauya sati 1 na 1/3 na yawan akwatin kifaye.

Tsarin ruwa

Kiwo

Jaguar cichlid ba wuya a yi asali a cikin akwatin kifaye kuma yana ba da zuriya masu yawa. Bugu da kari, su, ba kamar yawancin kifin ba, ba sa cin ƙwai da soya, amma ana ɗaukar su iyaye ne masu kulawa.

Amma matsaloli suna tasowa a cikin ƙirƙirar ma'aurata mai aminci. Don yin wannan, bai isa kawai a sa namiji da mace a cikin akwatin kifaye ɗaya ba. Kifayen da kansu dole ne su zaɓi abokin tarayya waɗanda za su yi kiwo da su shekaru da yawa.

Don yin wannan, girma da yawa soya tare. Kuma lokacin da kifi 2 suka zaɓi juna, fara farawa, to, lokaci ya yi da za a tura su cikin wata ƙasa mai fa'ida. Ana bukatar sarari saboda tsananin tasirinsu, saboda ko da ma'aurata da aka zaba da juna wani lokaci suna iya nuna fushin juna. Don kariya, dasa ciyawar mai yawa a cikin ɓarna, saboda ɗayan abokan haɗin ginin su ɓoye.

Don haɓaka haifuwa, ruwa mai haɓaka ya haura zuwa digiri 28. Ana ciyar da kifi babban rabo na abinci mai gina jiki, kuma ana canza ruwan sau biyu a mako.

Banbancin jinsi

Ciyarwa

Namiji ya gina gida don ƙwai kafin ya bushe. Bayan hadi, mace ta hadiye kwai a cikin gida. Yawansu ya kai dubu uku. Namiji ya zama mai saurin rikicewa, yana tsare gida kuma baya barin kowa ya shiga, mace kuma tana shuka ƙwai kowace rana kuma tana zubar da ƙwai, ta cire datti. Sakamakon yawan zafin jiki, qwai da sauri kyankyasar kwana 4.

Mahalli na dabi'a

A dabi'a, ana iya samun jaguar cichlid a cikin jikin ruwa daban na Amurka ta Tsakiya: yana iya zama kogunan sauri da harajinsu, tafkuna tare da ƙasa mai laushi da ciyayi mai tsami, jikin ruwa tare da kwanciyar hankali ko ma tare da ruwa mai tsaye. An zabi kifin musamman ta Kogin Ulua (Honduras), Matina (Costa Rica), Lake Managua (Nicaragua).

Kari akan haka, akwai wasu tafkuna wadanda managas ke rayuwa da su. Suna cikin Guatemala, Panama, Mexico, El Salvador, Singapore, da dai sauransu A can, ana ɗaukar wannan kifi kasuwanci ne. Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa saboda irin waɗannan ayyukan da yanayin gida ya sha wahala, tunda jaguars ba su yarda da kowane ƙauye ba kuma suna da kwalliya sosai.

Menene cichlid jaguar yayi kama?

Jikin wannan maƙiyin yayi kama da aya, babba ne, mai tsawon salo kuma an matsa shi sosai daga bangarorin. Siffar ta tana da kyau domin jefa sauri yayin farauta. Shugaban yana da girma, kuma bakin ya kasance babba ne tare da leɓun farin ciki da hakoran hancinsu. Ta hanyar duka zuwa gindin wutsiya, shimfiɗa ta ƙarshe, yana ƙare tare da kuɗin alade. A kan ƙusoshin akwai haskoki masu kaifi waɗanda ke kare Managuan cichlazoma daga maƙiya.

Jaguars na akwatin kifaye suna da ƙarancin girma ga takwarorinsu waɗanda ke rayuwa cikin yanayi. Kifin daji zai iya girma har zuwa 60 cm, kuma waɗanda ke zaune a cikin bauta - kawai har zuwa 35-40 cm. Amma har ma da waɗannan masu girma dabam suna da ban sha'awa!

Launi na Parachromis managuensis yana canzawa tsawon rayuwa. Matasa kifaye suna kyan gani tare da rariyoyi masu duhu da yawa da suke bi ta baya. Bayan balaga, kifin ya samo daidai launi wanda aka sanya masa taken jaguars: launin toka, launin ruwan kasa da baki mai launuka daban-daban da girma dabam akan asalin azurfa. Haka kuma, kifi da irin wannan tsarin bai wanzu. Akwai wani canji mai canza shekar da shekaru.

Tare da kulawa da hankali kuma a cikin yanayi mai kyau, waɗannan kifayen sun sami damar rayuwa cikin fursuna na akalla shekaru 15.

Wane ne za a zabi a cikin maƙwabta?

Duk karami, kifayen kifayen masu kwanciyar hankali sune wadatar abincin Managuan cichlazoma. Sabili da haka, dole ne a cire irin wannan yankin nan da nan.

Suna iya samun daidaituwa tare da manyan cichlids na Amurka ta Tsakiya, manyan catfishes, giram gourams, ƙanshi, stingrays da black pacu. Kifi ya zama iri ɗaya a yanayin yanayin rayuwa. Calm, mahimmanci, ba fushin jaguars sune farkon, a matsayin mai mulkin, don kada su kai hari, amma suna kiyaye yankinsu, kuma tare da kowane ƙoƙari don ɗaukar matsayinsu sai su zama masu tayar da hankali. Wannan kayan yana inganta a cikin lokacin hurawa.

Kuna iya ƙunsar ɗaya ko kamar manag. Amma yana da daraja la'akari da cewa a cikin irin nau'in cichlid, jaguar zai iya zama m. Misali, idan aka dasa wata mace wacce ba a santa ba a cikin namiji, to, zai iya kashe ta har ya mutu.

Ta yaya zaka iya samar da akwatin kifaye don managuan cichlazoma?

Kafin ka shirya Paraaguromis managuensis a cikin tafkin gidanka, kana buƙatar shirya shi da kyau. Menene yakamata ayi la'akari dashi?

1. Girma. Kifi yana da girma sosai, saboda haka akwatin kifaye don mutum ɗaya yana buƙatar akalla lita 100. Ga ma'aurata, ana buƙatar ƙarfin lita 300. Kuma idan za a sami fiye da manag biyu ko za su zauna tare da wasu kifaye, to ƙaramin girman shine lita 600.
2. Ruwa. A dabi'a, waɗannan kifayen suna zaune a cikin tafkuna masu duhu na duhu. Don cimma wannan sakamako a cikin akwatin kifaye, zaku iya ƙara ɗan itacen oak bushe ko ganyen almond.

Yadda za a ciyar da jaguar cichlid?

Ana bayar da abinci sau ɗaya a rana. Anyi shawarar yin cirewa rana guda daya a sati.

A cikin abincin waɗannan thesean cichlid ana amfani da su:

1. Abinci mai rai: tadpoles, kifi, crickets, earthworms, manyan zubar jini, da sauransu.
2. Dry feed a cikin nau'i na manyan granules da daskarewa daban-daban.
3. Don canji zaka iya bi da fillet ɗin kifi, shrimp da squid nama. Ba a ba da shawarar dabbobi masu ɗumi-ɗumi, da kayan ciki ba. Suna da matukar wahalar narkewa da wadataccen ruwa daga jaguars.

Zuriya

Managuan cichlazomas sun girma cikin kusan shekara guda. Ko da a lokacin, suna da tsawon jiki na kusan 20 cm, amma har yanzu zasu yi girma (tsarin yana gudana har zuwa shekaru uku). A wannan lokacin, bambance-bambancen jinsi suna bayyana. Maza sun fi girma, masu haske, suna da ƙarin aibobi a bayan akwati da dubura da ƙusoshin ƙashi (akwai cinya a ƙarshen ƙusor).

Jaguars da kansu sun zabi abokin tarayya kuma suna ƙirƙirar ma'aurata na dindindin. Don wannan, dole ne a haɗu da soya tare. Mayar da mata baƙi, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya ƙare a cikin mummunan yanayi a gare ta.

Sake bugun na iya faruwa kusan a kowane lokaci na shekara, amma ganinta yana faruwa a watan Yuni. Kafin ya yi niyyar, namiji ya gina gida, ya haƙa ƙasa don kowane babban dutse ko sagagi, kuma yana kula da mace. Haushinsa ga wasu yana karuwa a wannan lokacin. Gara in bar ma'aurata. Ana iya saurin haɓakawa ta hanyar ɗaga ruwan zafin zuwa digiri 28 da ciyarwa mai yawa.

Matar tana da ikon iyawa zuwa ƙwalla da yawa (1-5) ƙwai. Su masu launin rawaya da m. Mace tana kula da masarar, tana cire datti. Bayan sa'o'i 72, soya ƙyanƙyashe. Za ku iya ciyar da su a rana ta huɗu. Na farko, suna ba da kwai gwaiduwa grated, abinci na musamman don soya, kuma daga baya - artemia nauplii. Dole ne a raba ƙananan yara don manyan waɗanda ba sa cin ɗan uwan ​​su. Bugu da kari, idan ba a dasa shi a cikin tafki zuwa wani kandami mafi fadi ba, ci gaban su na iya tsayawa, kifin ba zai kai girman masarautan su ba.

Abin takaici ne cewa aquariums tare da jaguar cichlids an fi yin ado da ofisoshi da kuma wuraren da za a sami kasuwancinsu fiye da gidan mutum. Idan zaku iya keɓance murabba'in mita a ƙarƙashin irin wannan ruwa mai ruwa, sami man cuku ɗin Managuan. Kula da su ba su da rikitarwa kamar yadda ake tsammani da farko. Amma motsin zuciyar da zai ba wa waɗannan halittu masu ban al'ajabi bayanin ba zai yiwu ba.

Ingancin ruwa da zazzabi

Managuan cichlazoma, kasancewa babban kifi tare da abinci mai kyau, yana da haɓakar haɓaka, wanda shine dalilin tara samfuran sharar gida a cikin ruwa. Sakamakon haka, abun ciki na nitrites da ammonia a cikin ruwa ya zama mafi girma, wanda aka bayyana a fili a cikin launi da halayen kifi:

• Suna da kunya sosai, suna ƙoƙarin ɓoyewa a mafaka.
• M launi motley launi ya ɓace kuma launi na jiki ya sami ko da duhu launi.
• Waɗannan alamu ne masu haɗari. Idan ba ku ɗauki matakan gaggawa ba, za a sami raguwa mai ƙarfi a cikin rigakafin dabbobin ku, kuma a sakamakon haka, za su kamu da rashin lafiya.

Ayyukanku lokacin da alamun da ke sama suka bayyana: maye gurbin ɓangare na uku na ruwa mai kifin tare da sabo (kare kullun).

Matakan rigakafin hana shan ruwa daga kayan sharar kifi su ne:

• Goodirƙirar ruwa mai kyau sosai (ana tace matattarar ƙarfi sosai).
• M high quality-aeration na ruwa.
• Canza ruwan akwatin kifaye kwata ko rabin mako.

Sauran mahimman sigogi na ruwa: An bada shawarar acidity kusa da tsaka tsaki, tsauri shine 10-15-25, kuma zafin jiki yana daga digiri 24 zuwa 28. An ba da shawarar awowin hasken rana kamar sa'o'i 10 zuwa 12. Haske yana da rauni.

1 Yi sharhi a kan labarin Wanne cichlid yayi kama da jaguar?

Barka da rana Managuans sun yawaita a cikin akwatin kifaye. an dasa wasu soya a wani akwatin kifaye, amma sun girma sosai kuma wasu suna mutuwa. Kuma waɗanda suka zauna tare da iyayensu - sau 2 more! Ina ciyar da soya tare da daskararren dabbobin da na daskarewa kuma na yi ƙoƙarin ba da naman jatan lande ... abin da za su yi, abin da za su ciyar, abin da ya sa ba sa girma kuma suka mutu. Taimaka, shawara wani abu, don Allah, Ina matukar son girma daga. Ina jira.