Gaskiya mun ba da labarin wannan labarin. Sun yi tunanin cewa wani ya aiko da wariyar farin ciki kafin watan Afrilu wawaye marasa nasara.

Kwanan nan mun gwada masu farauta biyu: shaho da mayuka, saboda ba tare da gogewa ba, bambance su ba mai sauki bane. Amma ya zama dole a rubuta game da bambance-bambance tsakanin falcons da parrots kusa da su, bisa ga tsarin zamani. Kuma da farko za ku duba ba za ku ga bambance-bambance ba. Yanada fuska daya.

Amma neman bayani kan wannan batun, mun gamsu da hakan haka ne! Kuma gano wannan kamance, binciken daukacin DNA na wadannan tsuntsayen ya taimaka. Ga wadanda suke so su tabbatar, ga hanyar haɗi zuwa wannan ɗaba'ar.

Kuma anan shine tsarin ilimin zamani na tsuntsaye yanzu yayi kama da:

Haɗi zuwa cikakken shirin.

Haka kuma, a yanzu, sakamakon wannan bincike mai zurfi, bisa ga dangin danginsa, falcon din yafi kusan kusa da wuce gona da iri sama da na shaho, gaggafa da kwari.

Tabbas, a cikin wannan labarai, ba duk abin da aka tsara daidai. Idan baku shiga cikin dabara ta dabara ba, to ba a cire falmo daga "" tsuntsaye iri-iri "saboda yanzu, a cikin rarrabuwa, babu wannan rukunin: Tsuntsayen da ke cikin rana . Amma yanzu an sami sabon rukunin 'yan wasa shaho-mai siffa , wanda ya haɗu kusan dukkanin sanannun masu farauta (mikiya, muhalli, buzzards, looney, kites, macijin, macijin, da sauransu) da kuma sabon / tsohuwar ƙungiyar Falconiformes wanda a yanzu yake tsare, har ma a cikin unguwar parrots. Amma kiran falcon a "parrot predatory" ba komai bane face tari.

Af, kafin wannan "sabuntawa", duk waɗannan tsuntsayen ganima, da falcon da shaho, tare da sauran sauran tsuntsayen ganima, sun kasance cikin rukuni guda Falconiformes ko Falconiformes. Don haka har yanzu ba a bayyana wanda ya cire wa daga cikin tsuntsayen da ke cin abincin ba).

Kuma mun koya game da shi kwatsam. Sun yi tunanin zai zama abin damuwa cewa kamar wannan, muna rubutawa da magana da yawa game da tsuntsayen ganima, amma ba su san irin wannan gaskiyar ba. Amma yayin da abokanmu 'yan faltoci da wasu masu ƙwararrun masana harkar kimiyya suma suka rasa wannan' haɓakawa '' ta hanyar kayan haraji, balle ma mu ɗan huta kaɗan.

Muna fatan kun gano wannan "sabuntawa" gaba daya. Yanzu ya rage don gano abin da ya fi sauƙi: koya wa falcon yin magana " Gosh yayi kyau "ko kuma je ku samo kwandon kwandon shara tare da alkama.

Fitowar ungulu

Mata sun fi maza girma. Tsawon jikin mai buzzards ya bambanta da santimita 50-58. Girman fuka-fukan ya kai santimita 115-130.

Tsawon reshe shine kusan santimita 40. Wutsiya tana da girman 25-28 santimita. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da nauyin kilogram 450 zuwa 1300.

Launin zube na buzzards ya bambanta. A aikace, ba shi yiwuwa a sadu da wakilan jinsin launuka iri ɗaya. Wasu mutane suna da launin ruwan hoda-launin ruwan kasa, kuma akan wutsiya akwai raunin canji. A cikin wasu mutane, kirji da baya fararen fata ne, sauran sassan jikin kuma launin toka-launin ruwan hoda cikin launi mai duhu. Hakanan ana samun haske mai saukar ungulu mai haske tare da ratsi ko rabewar launin baƙi. Akwai sauran launuka daban daban.

Buzzard tsuntsu ne na ganima.

Kafafuwan buzzards suna launin ja, launin baki ya zama shuɗi a gindi kuma duhu ne a ƙarshen. Cutar idanu tana da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, amma tare da tsufa ya zama launin toka. Yara dabbobin suna da launuka daban-daban fiye da wakilan jinsin, kuma ƙwaƙwalwar su mai launin ruwan kasa mai launi.

Zzabilar Buzzard ta Al'ada da Abinci

Wadannan tsuntsayen za a iya gane su nan da nan idan suna zaune, saboda suna da hali na hali - tsuntsayen sun tsotse kuma sun matse ƙafa ɗaya. Yayin irin wannan hutu, tsuntsu bai gushe yana yin bincike cikin yankin ba kuma zai nemi ganima.

Jirgin yayi jinkirin amma yayi shuru da haske. Wani lokaci buzzards soar na dogon lokaci a cikin iska. Bayan magabatan da ya kama ganima, da sauri ya sauko da sauri, yana matsa fikafikansa a jiki. Buzzard ya shimfida fikafikan sa kusan kusa da kasa, ya yi nesa da wanda aka azabtar ya kama shi da tafin.

Yawancin abincin sun hada da beraye da beraye, ban da waɗannan, waɗannan tsuntsayen da ke cinye abubuwa a kan kwaro, masaka, ƙyauren samari da bera. Buzzards kuma suna cin macizai. Daga cikin fuka-fukan da aka harba daga cikin buzzards akwai pheasants, partridges, blackbirds da larks.

Wani kukan talakawa yayi kama da shaho.

Maharbin yana cin abinci har da ƙananan ƙwayoyi 30 a rana. Kuma a cikin shekara guda buzzards kashe kusan 11,000 rodents. Wato, waɗannan tsuntsayen ganima suna amfanar da wurin ta hanyar lalata dabbobi masu lahani. Tare da adadi da yawa na icea ,an, bazzage ba ya kula da sauran dabbobi da tsuntsayen.

Abinda yake tabbatacce shine cewa 'yan buzz na kashe vipers. Amma waɗannan magabatan ba su da rigakafi daga macijin maciji, saboda haka wani lokacin sukan mutu daga cizo. Gaskiya ne, irin waɗannan lokuta suna da wuya a mafi yawan lokuta, mafi yawan lokuta ɗan iska yakan yi nasara ne a yaƙin.

Wannan maharbin yana da kyakkyawan ji, kamshi da kaifin hangen nesa. Buzzards tsuntsaye ne masu hankali, a cikin zaman fursuna, wakilan wannan nau'in galibi suna nuna saurin warkewa har ma da wayo.

Da gudu, tsuntsu ya nuna girmansa.

Sake buguwa da tsawon rai

Zaman canjin kuɗi a ungulu yana farawa a ƙarshen watan Afrilu. A wannan lokacin, mazan suna faɗa a tsakaninsu don jan hankalin mata. Ma'aurata da aka kirkirar sun gina gida ko kuma tsofaffin tsoffin suna. Buzzards suna gina gida a kan bishiyoyin coniferous ko deciduous kusa da gangar jikin, a tsayin mita 5-15. Mafi sau da yawa, suna gina gida a kan cokali mai yatsa a cikin lokacin farin ciki rassan.

Tsuntsaye suna yin kauri biyu a tsakanin yatsun, kuma rassan suka zama bakin ciki zuwa tsakiyar gida. An tattara zurfin buzzards daga twigs na bakin ciki, ganye da ciyawa. Insuarshen gida yana da isasshen ulu da ulu, gashin fuka-fuka da gansakuka.

Yankin Buzzard gida.

Clutch yawanci yana ƙunshe da ƙwai 3-4. Qwai na 'yan buzzards masu launin shuɗi ne shuɗi launin shuɗi da launin shuɗi. Mace tana tsintsiyar ciki, kuma namiji yana cikin ciyar da rabi na biyu. Matar tana ƙyanƙyashe ƙwai na makonni 5. Kyankyasai na kyankyashe a farkon Yuni. Jikin kajin an rufe shi da duhu mai duhu.

Saurari muryar mai magana

Duk iyayen sun ciyar da kajin har tsawon watanni 1.5. Bayan matasa girma fara tashi, kuma riga a watan Agusta bar iyayenta. A cikin daji, waɗannan tsuntsayen suna rayuwa a matsakaicin shekaru 23-25, matsakaicin suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 30-32.

Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.