Black caimans su ne zuriya ta ɗaya daga cikin mutanen farko na duniyarmu waɗanda suka yi sarauta shekaru miliyan 150 da suka gabata.
A yau, cikin bashi cayman samar da wani daban jinsin a cikin alligator, wani yanki na karkatar da crocodiles. Itea'idodin wuraren baƙar fata na baƙar fata - tafkunan ruwa da koguna tare da rauni mai ƙarfi, bankunan waɗanda aka cike da su tare da babban itace.
Black cayman (Melanosuchus niger).
Fitowar baƙar fata cayman
Fatar waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe baƙar fata ce, wasu wakilan nau'ikan kusan baƙar fata ne, wanda ke taimaka wa masu farauta a lokacin farauta cikin duhu. Bugu da kari, wannan canza launi na taimakawa wajen shawo kan hasken rana.
A ƙananan muƙamuƙi, baƙi fata suna da ratsi, launin shuɗi a cikin matasa, da launin ruwan kasa a cikin tsofaffin. A gefuna na jikin akwai rawaya mai launin shuɗi ko fari. Thearamin inshorar, da mafi m wadannan ratsi. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, fatar ta zama mafi launi a launi.
Baƙin fata na fata suna da manyan idanu masu launin ruwan kasa. Makarfin ya nuna, kunkuntar fiye da na sauran yan uwa. Wutsiya ba ta da tsawo idan aka kwatanta da sauran mata.
Baƙar fata cayman dabba ce mai launin shuɗi.
Girman maza manya sun kai mita 2.8-4.3, amma wasu wakilan nau'in na iya yin girma zuwa mita 5 ko fiye. Yawan nauyin dabbobi masu rarrafe sun kai kilogram 300.
Manyan maza sun fi kilo 400 nauyi. Daga cikin kafofin daban-daban an san cewa baƙar fata baƙi na iya kaiwa tsawon mita 6 da nauyin kilo 1100. Mace, idan aka kwatanta da maza, suna da mafi girman matsakaitan zamani - tsawon jikinsu yakai mita 2.5-3.35, kuma suna awo daga kilo 120 zuwa 160.
Abinci da kuma halin baƙar fata
Babban sashi na abincin baƙar fata shine baƙar kifi - kifi, katako da piranhas. Matsakaicin girma yana ciyar da kwari da crustaceans. Wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe bawai kawai ruwa ne ke cin abincin ba, abincinsu ya hada da tsuntsaye, kunkuru da dabbobi masu shayarwa.
Tsofaffi suna cin ganyayyaki a kan tapirs, capybaras, manyan otters, barewa da anacondas. Manyan dabbobi, alal misali, dawakai da shanu, suna iya bayyana a bakin maharbin. Hakanan, bakaken fata ba sa raina wakilan kuliyoyi da karnuka.
Masu rarrafe kan farauta, galibi a yamma da dare. Dabarar farauta abu ne mai sauki: caiman ya kama wanda aka kama da haƙoransa tare da jan shi a ƙarƙashin ruwa, a inda ta sha shi.
A baki cayman yana da ƙarfi jaws.
An tsara hakora ne domin masu rarrafe ba zasu iya tauna su ba, an yi niyya ne kawai su fasa gutsuttsuran, don haka baƙin baƙi ya haɗiye ƙananan waɗanda abin ya shafa gaba ɗaya, kuma ya kakkarye manyan kuma ya guda. Idan muka yi magana game da harin baƙar fata a kan mutane, to ba a lura da lamuran makamancin wannan ba.
Kiwon Maciji
Mace fara gina gida a ƙarshen lokacin rani. Ta hau bakin ruwa hade da ganye, rassan da ciyawa. Girman dutsen yana da mita 1.5 kuma tsayinsa ya kai santimita 75.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, kamawar ya ƙunshi ƙwai 30-60. Matan suna binne ƙwai a cikin gida, kuma a can suke kwance har makonni 6, bayan haka jariran suka ƙyanƙyashe. Wannan lokacin yana faruwa ne a farkon lokacin damana, tunda ana buƙatar danshi don cigaban kananan dabbobi.
Jaguar vs. Black Cayman: Wanene zai Yi Nasara a wannan Lokaci?
Duk tsawon lokacin shiryawa, mahaifiyar zata kiyaye masarar, sannan kuma ta taimakawa jariri ya fita daga fata. Sannan mace daya bayan daya tana maida jariran a bakin zuwa tafki mai ruwa. Dayawa daga cikin dillalai suna rayuwa a irin wannan wuraren, wanda iyayensu mata ke kulawa.
Mace ba sa kwan ƙwai kowace shekara, amma sau ɗaya cikin shekaru 2-3. Iyaye mata suna kulawa da brood har tsawon watanni, amma wannan kulawa ba ta da hankali sosai, saboda haka mafi yawan zuriyarsu suna mutu a hakoran masu farauta. Kashi 20% ne kawai daga tsintsiya suka tsira zuwa balaga.
Darajar kamun kifi da kuma tasirin sa ga lambobin caiman
Baƙin fata na fata suna da kyawawan fata baƙar fata, saboda haka waɗannan halittu masu rarrafe koyaushe suna da tamanin kasuwanci. A wannan batun, an harba dabbobi sosai. Wannan ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa a ƙarshen 50s an kusan kawo kusan jama'ar. An samo farin baƙi kawai a cikin mafi yawan wurare na Amazon. Yana da godiya ga wuraren da ba a iya samun damar dazuzzukan da ke tsananin zafi wanda 'yan sa'ilinin basa karewa gaba daya.
Darajar fata fata tana sanya ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta cikin hatsarin haɗari.
Fahimtar wannan lamarin ya zo ne a ƙarshen 70s, lokacin da piranhas ya cika koguna kuma capybaras sun yawaita har suka lalata yawancin ciyayi. Bayan haka ne kawai mutane suka mai da hankali ga gaskiyar cewa baƙar fata na fata shine muhimmin ɓangaren tsarin halittar yanayin lafiyar Amazon.
Dangane da wannan, dokoki sun bayyana haramcin lalata baƙar fata. Zuwa yau, yawan jama'a ya kai kimanin mutane miliyan 1, wanda aka nuna shi da kyau a yanayin halayen Kudancin Amurka. Yanzu bacewar tunanin baƙar fata ko ba'arama ke barazana ba.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.
Habitat da caiman salon rayuwa
Cayman zaune a cikin kananan tabkuna, kogunan koguna, koguna. Kodayake 'yan biranen fata suna da tsinkaye, duk da haka suna tsoron mutane, sun fi jin kunya, kwanciyar hankali da rauni, wanda shine yadda suka bambanta da waɗanda suke na gaske.
Caimans suna ci insectsan kwari, ƙanana lokacin da suka isa girma, suna ciyar da manyan hanyoyin ruwa, dabbobi masu rarrafe da ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa. Wasu nau'ikan cayman zasu sami damar kama harsashi kuma. Caimans ba su da jinkiri, amma suna tafiya sosai cikin ruwa.
A dabi'ance su, 'yan koren Kaya suna da zafin rai, amma galibi ana yin buda su ne a gonaki, kuma a cikin gidajen dabbobi akwai adadi mai yawa, don haka sukan saba wa mutane da sauri kuma suna yin natsuwa, kodayake suna iya cizo.
Ra'ayoyin Cayman
- Maciji ko kallon abin kallo ,
- Kawa ce ,
- Wide Cayman ,
- Paraguayyan Cayman ,
- Black cayman ,
- Dwarf Cayman .
Hakanan ana kiranta ƙarancin maciji. Wannan nau'in yana da bayyanar fasalin kwaya tare da ƙaramin kunkuntar murabus, wanda ake kira gilashin madara saboda haɓakar ƙashi ƙasusuwa a idanun daidai da bayanan gilashin.
A cikin hoton akwai wani farin cayman
Manyan maza suna da mita uku a tsayi. Zai fi dacewa su farauta a cikin lokacin ɓoye, a lokacin fari babu abinci kaɗan, don haka cin naman mutane yana da asali a cikin mutanen Caimans a wannan lokacin. Zasu iya rayuwa har cikin ruwan gishiri. Hakanan, idan yanayin muhalli ya tsananta musamman, shiga cikin maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da ɓoyewa.
Launin fata yana da mallakar mutum kuma yana wasa daga launin ruwan kasa mai haske zuwa ruwan zaitun mai duhu. Akwai ratsi na launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. Suna iya yin sautuna daga rahusa har zuwa sauti mai rarrabewa.
Kamar yawancin caimans suna zaune a cikin fadama da tabkuna, a wurare da ciyayi masu iyo. Tunda waɗannan 'yan biranen jurewa da ruwa mai ƙarfin gaske, wannan ya basu damar sauka akan tsibiran Amurka na kusa. Kawa ce. Wannan nau'in yana da kama sosai da danginsa, wanda ya kai tsayinsa har zuwa mita biyu kuma an jera shi a cikin Littafin Layi.
Cayman. Sunan wannan caiman yayi magana don kansa, wannan caiman yana da irin wannan mummunar rikicewa wanda yafi girma fiye da wasu nau'ikan alligators, sun kai mafi yawan mita biyu. Launin Jiki yafi yawan zaitun, kore tare da duhu duhu.
Wannan caiman galibi yana jagoranci rayuwa a cikin ruwa, kuma ya fi son sabo ruwa, galibinsa mara motsi ne kuma idanu kawai suke gani a saman ruwa. Yana son rayuwar dare kuma yana iya zama kusa da mutane.
Cin abinci iri ɗaya kamar yadda sauran mutanen caim ɗin zasu iya cizo ta hanyar kunkuru na kunkuru saboda haka su ma suna cikin abincinsa. Abinci ana cinye shi gabaɗaya ban da kunkuru. Tun da fatarsa ta dace don sarrafawa, wannan nau'in ya zama abin fara'a ga masu farauta don haka wannan nau'in an yada shi akan gonaki.
Paraguay cayman. Hakanan yana da kama da kama da irin kawa mai kama. Girman na iya kaiwa zuwa mita uku kuma launi iri ɗaya ne kamar na kalan kara, yana bambanta ta cewa ƙananan muƙamuƙin yana haɓaka sama da babba, sannan kuma ta gaban haƙoran haƙora, kuma saboda wannan an kira wannan caiman "piranha caiman". Wannan nau'in caiman din an kuma jera shi a cikin Littafin Ruwa.
Dwarf Cayman. Mafi kankanta nau'ikan ruwan sanyin, mafi girman mutane sun kai tsawon santimita ɗari da hamsin kawai. Sun fi son sabbin jikkunan ruwa da rayuwar rayuwa, suna da wayau, da rana suna zama a cikin kabura kusa da ruwa. Suna cin abinci iri ɗaya da sauran nau'in caiman.
Caiman kiwo da tsawon rai
Mafi yawa lokacin kiwo yana kasancewa a lokacin damina. Matan suna gina mazaunin su kuma suna kwanƙwai, adadinsu ya sha bamban da na jinsin kuma wannan shine matsakaicin ƙwai na 18-50.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa shine a cikin caiman caimans, namiji da mace suna shiga aikin ƙirƙirar wuri don sanya ƙwai. Eggswai suna kwance cikin layuka biyu tare da yanayin zafi daban-daban, saboda a zafin jiki mai zafi yakan sa namiji ya kwana da mace mai sanyi.
Lokacin shiryawa shine matsakaici na kwanaki saba'in. Duk wannan lokacin, mace tana kare makanta, kuma mace na iya haduwa don kare zuriyarsu nan gaba, amma duk da haka, matsakaita, kashi tamanin na masarar an lalata shi da masu saurin zina.
Mace a ƙarshen zamani tana taimaka wa mutanen gargajiyar su tsira, amma, duk da irin taka tsantsan, kaɗan ne ke tsira. Ra'ayoyi sun banbanta da yanayin rayuwa, tunda farko dai sananniya suna kama da tsoffin mutane. Amma an yi imanin cewa a matsakaican caimans suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru talatin.
Cayman kada kuma baƙaƙen tarihi tsoffin dabbobi ne da ke da ƙarfin ƙarfi ta zahiri, suna da matukar mahimmanci ga duniyar tamu, saboda sune madaidaitan wuraren wuraren da suke zaune.
Amma a halin yanzu, masu ba da agaji suna farautar wannan fata, kuma saboda lalata ɗimbin mazaunan waɗannan dabbobin da mutum kansa, yawan waɗannan dabbobin ya ragu sosai, wasu an riga an lissafa su a cikin Littafin Layi. An kirkiro gonaki da yawa inda waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe ke yaduwar da adam.
Sunan Latin - Melanosuchus niger
Sunan Ingilishi - Black caiman
Class - 'Yan halittu masu rarrafe ko masu rarrafe (Reptilia)
Oda - Hayoyin (Hayoyin)
Iyali - Alligators (Alligatoridae)
Rod - Black cayman (Melanosuchus)
Akwai daya kawai jinsin a cikin iyalin baƙar fata na caimans.
A halin yanzu, an bayyana sunan baƙar fata a cikin Jerin Kasuwancin IUCN a matsayin nau'in halittu, kasancewar wanzuwar yanayi ba shi da damuwa a halin yanzu. Amma kwanan nan, komai bai kasance ba kwantar da hankali. A cikin 1940s da 1950s kusan 90% na duka baƙar fata cayman sun lalace. A wancan lokacin, fatar waɗannan caimans suna da daraja sosai, saboda haka an kashe karnuka cikin adadi marasa iyaka. Kawai jama'ar da ke zaune mafi yawan sassan sassan yankin ba su tsira ba. Sauƙaƙe yanayin rayuwar black Caimans ya kasance sauƙaƙe ta hanyar lalacewa a gindin Amazon da magudanar fadama ruwa a wasu sassan yankin.
Raguwar raguwar adadin baƙi fata ya haifar da rikice-rikice a cikin yanayin halittar Amazon da haraji. Rashin ƙaddarar makiyaya ya taimaka wajen ƙaruwa da yawan piranhas da capybaras (sun ci duk ciyawar ciyawa).
A 1990, a Bolivia, an fara aiki kan kiwon baƙar fata 'yan koren fata tare da sakin su ta asali. Nasarar ba su da girma sosai, amma wannan aikin yana ci gaba.
Yanzu bakar fata ta zaune a dukkan bangarorin tarihinta, amma cikin kasashe 4 cikin 7 na yawanta ya ragu sosai.
Adadin yawan adadin bakin fararen fata na zamani, mutane 25,000-50000 ne.
Mutumin yana da laifi game da rage yawan fararen fata - baƙar fata (kamawa da harbi) da kuma kai tsaye (canjin mazaunin) fallasa ya sanya ra'ayi a kan ƙasan rayuwa. Sun kashe baƙar fata na fata saboda fata, wanda, sabanin fata na 'yan sahunan' crocodile ', ana iya sarrafa shi cikin sauƙi. Don haka, salon kayan fata fata (takalma, jakunkuna, belts) sun taka rawar gani sosai a rayuwar baƙar fata 'yan ƙasa (duk da haka, kamar sauran karnukan fata). Gaskiya yanzu, ta hanyar ƙoƙarin masana, ana kan hanya don maido da adadin baƙi fata - kariya a yanayi, kiwo cikin bauta.
A dabi'a, baƙar fata baƙi sukan kai hari ga dabbobin gida (karnuka, aladu, awaki, shanu, dawakai), wani lokacin kuma na iya zama haɗari ga mutane.
Rarraba da wuraren zama
Yankin bakin fata cayman ya mamaye yankuna 7 na Kudancin Amurka (Bolivia, Peru, Brazil, Ekwadoador, Columbia, Guiana Faransa, Guyana). Wannan mai rarrafe yana fifita wurare masu kyau da garkunan dabbobi a gefen Kogin Amazon da wuraren aikinta.
Black Cayman shine mafi girman nau'in dangi na alligator kuma mafi ƙaddara mafi girma daga kwandon Amazon. Tsawon ma'aunin maza yakai kimanin 3.5-4 m, kuma nauyi shine kimanin kilo 200-300. Tun da caimans sun yi girma a duk rayuwarsu, shekarun su na iya wuce mil 4 tare da shekaru.Mutane na bakaken fata 'yan gajeru ne - tsayin su, a matsakaita, ya bambanta daga 1.8 zuwa 2.4 m (kodayake ana samun daidaitattun mutane na 2.5-3.5 m) ), kuma suna nauyin daga kilo 50 zuwa 100.
Baƙin fata na fata suna da fata mai launin fata. Wutsiyoyi masu haske suna fita waje a kan ƙananan muƙamuƙin, kuma ratsin rawaya mai launin shuɗi ko farar fata ana gani a bangarorin jikin mutum, yana ɓacewa tare da shekarun dabbar. A kan kai akwai murƙashin ƙashi, kamar yadda yake a cikin wasu yankuna na Caimans. Idanun suna da girma, launin ruwan kasa tare da ɗalibai na tsaye.
Damuwar waɗannan 'yan dabbobin sun fi tazara, amma kwanyar tana da girma. Hakora sune 72-76, kuma suna wuri don idan idan an cije shi to yayi wani nau'in “almakashi”.
Baƙi 'yan fata baƙi ne mai saurin tayarwa ba, amma, a cewar wasu masana, da wuya su shiga rikici ta ƙasa kai tsaye da juna. Suna jagorantar rayuwa mai kaɗaita, a lokacin fari kawai, sukan taru a wuraren ramuwar da ba ta tsufa ba.
Baƙi fata farauta da daddare, yana taimakon taimakon fata baƙi. Da rana, don kula da zafin jiki (230), crocodiles galibi suna faɗuwa da rana, suna kwance cikin ruwa cikin ruwa mai zurfi ko kuma a bakin gaci. Fatar fata a wannan yanayin tana ba da gudummawa ga samun kyakkyawan amfani da ƙarfin hasken rana.
Young matasa, ƙananan baƙi na baƙi suna da abokan gaba a cikin yanayi: waɗannan sune kifayen da aka yanke, da sauran karnukan daji, da anacondas, da kuma tsuntsayen da ke farauta, da kuma jaguars. Lokacin da caimans suka kai kimanin 1 m a tsayi, kusan ba su da abokan gaba.
Abinci da Cin Abinci
A cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta (musamman katantanwa), ƙananan kifaye da frogs sun mamaye abincin ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Caimans da ke girma zuwa 1 m ganima a kan kifi mafi girma, gami da piranhas, har da ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, irin su agoutis, waɗanda suka zo ramin shara. Kayan dindindin na iya kama dabbobi manya: kifi, macizai, kunkuru, tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu shayarwa. Daga cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa, birai daban-daban, dodo, armadillos, hanci, barewa, masu yin burodi da kuma masarautuka sune galibi waɗanda ke fama da cutar baƙi. Bugu da kari, sauran kananan karafa, anacondas, dabbobin ruwa, manatees na iya zama ganima.
Hakoran baƙar fata 'yan kwalin ƙasa an tsara su ne saboda ba za su iya cin ganima ba, ko dai su haɗiye shi baki ɗaya, ko kuma su tsage manyan abubuwa su haɗiye su.
Baƙi 'yan fata baƙi suna farauta da maraice ko da dare, suna jiran wanda aka azabtar a cikin ruwa. Yayin farauta, sai su kama ganima su jefa shi cikin ruwa, a cikin shi ake harbi wanda aka azabtar. Wani lokacin baƙar fata 'yan kwalliya suma suna farauta a ƙasa, duk da ƙananan gajerunsu da rauni.
Sake haifuwa da halayyar iyaye
Matan cikin farin cayman suna kwan ƙwai sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2-3 a lokacin bushewa (Satumba-Disamba). Sun gina gida tare da nisan 1.5 m kusa da ruwa mai zurfi da binne ƙwai a cikin tsiro. A cikin ɓoye akwai yawanci daga 30 zuwa 65 qwai, masu nauyin kimanin 144 g kowannensu, an rufe shi da harsashi mai yawa. Mace ta kasance kusa da gida a lokacin dukkan lokacin shiryawa, wanda zai iya wucewa daga kwanaki 42 zuwa 90, gwargwadon yanayin zafin jiki. A ƙarshen shiryawa, mace ta tono ƙwai kuma tana taimaka wa ƙyanan ƙyamar su. Yawancin mazaunan fararen fata baƙi suna mutuwa, macizai sun lalace su, masussukan tegu, wasu tsuntsaye.
A farko, karnuka suna zama a cikin ruwa mara nauyi, galibi ana hada dabbobin daji da yawa cikin manya.
Mutuwa tsakanin matasa 'yan sankara tana da yawa kwarai, kadan ne daga dabbobi suka rayu har suka girma (kasa da kashi 20% na qwai da aka aza).
Shekarun baƙar fata na baƙi shine shekaru 40-50, amma, akwai lokuta idan wasu mutane suka rayu zuwa shekaru 80.
A Zoo na Moscow, a wani baje kolin dindindin a babban filin Terrarium (Sabuwar Territory), baƙi koyaushe zasu iya ganin baƙon caiman da baƙi daga Peru suka ba da gudummawa.
Rarraba
Mazaunin yana cikin yankin Amazon. Abin rarrabawa ne sananne a arewacin Kudancin Amurka. Yawancin mutane suna zaune a Brazil da Bolivia. Ba safai ake maganar baƙar fata ba a Venezuela da Paraguay.
Da mai rarrafe zaune a cikin gudãna da m jikin ruwa.
Baya ga koguna, tafkuna da dattawa yayin lokacin ambaliyar daga Mayu zuwa Yuli, ya bayyana a cikin gandun daji da ambaliyar ruwa. A cikin fari, da alligator ya kõma zuwa ga saba Wuraren.
Don wurin zama, yana zaɓar wuraren da ba za a iya shiga ba kuma ya guji bude wuraren da zai iya zama ganima ga mafarauta. Yawancin mazaunan karkara suna farautar sa saboda kyawawan fata da nama da aka cinye azaman abinci. Manyan anda andan maza da mata suna fuskantar azabtarwa bayan sun kwanciya ƙwai.
A shekarun 1990s, masu farautar dabbobi daga kasar Brazil ta Mamiraua Nature Reserve kadai suka isar da ton fiye da ton 100 na naman fata na fata zuwa kasuwa kowace shekara. A halin yanzu ana ƙididdige yawan mutane a cikin dubu 25-50.
Halayyar
A cikin mazauninsu na halitta, wakilan manya na wannan nau'in ba su da abokan gaba. A cikin yankuna da yawa suna cunkoson (Caiman crocodilus), ƙaramin kuma mai cinikin abinci, dan dama kuma mai saurin kiwo.
Matasa masu ba da izini suna ciyar da kwari da katantanwa, kuma yayin da suke haɓaka, sai suka ƙaura zuwa manyan halittu masu rai. Abincinsu yana ƙaruwa da kifi, lizards da waterfowl. Manyan dabbobi masu rarrafe sun bambanta abincinsu na yau da kullun tare da dabbobi masu shayarwa da sauran nau'ikan cayman.
Kamar yawancin karnukan daji, suna aiki da maraice da kuma a cikin dare, kuma a lokacin da rana suke hutawa a mafaka. A lokaci guda, yayin farauta, waɗannan mafarautan sun dogara ga idanuwansu fiye da ji da ƙanshi. Yawancin lokaci sukan jira ganima a wurin rami ko kuma ganima akan iyo a ruwa (Hydrochoerus hydrochaerus).
Baƙin fata na Caimans suna haɗi da ƙananan ganima gabaki ɗaya, kuma daga babban ganima sukan fara ci ɗan ƙaramin yanki. Tsarin jajaye da hakora baya ba su damar tazantar da naman wanda aka kama da laifi.
Melanosuchus niger ya shahara saboda iyawar sa da murya. A na iya rarrabewa kamar ba da tsawa. Kuna iya jin su a nesa mai nisa. Irin waɗannan sautuna suna taimakawa don guje wa haɗari tare da dangi da kuma jawo hankalin abokan tarayya a lokacin lokacin kiwo.
Matsayin jama'a
Baƙin fata cayman sananne ne a cikin Amazon: Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Columbia. Ya fi son a zauna a cikin wuraren rufe koguna. Ana samo shi a cikin savannas da ambaliyar ruwa da kuma a cikin ciyara a lokacin ambaliyar kogin.
A cikin shekarun 1940 - 1950s, kashi 99% na alƙalumman da aka kashe saboda farautar da ba a sarrafawa. Kyakkyawan fata na fata wannan crocodile an girmama shi sosai. A cikin yankuna masu nisa, farauta har zuwa 1970s. Hakanan ya sami rikitarwa ta hanyar rashin ciyayi da gasa tare da sauran nau'ikan, irin su kaikon kawa. Terarfafa ɓarin fata na baƙar fata ya cutar da keɓaɓɓiyar yanayi a yawancin wurare - adadin piranhas da capybaras yana ƙaruwa sosai.
Yanzu, kasashe da yawa suna da shirye-shirye don kare da kuma haifar da nau'in, kuma yawanci yana murmurewa a hankali. Adadin nau'ikan 25,50 dubu mutane ne.
Bayanin
Matsakaicin matsakaita shine 2-4 m. Smallan karamin adadin maza suna girma sama da 5 m kuma suna yin nauyi kimanin kilogram 400. Mace sun fi maza girma kuma suna nauyin kilogiram 60-110.
Scaly fata an mutu kusan baki. Wannan launi mai kyau yana sanya mai rarrafe mara amfani cikin dare kuma yana taimakawa dumama mafi kyau yayin sunbathing. A ƙananan muƙamuƙi, ratsin launin toka mai wucewa, yana samun ɗaɗɗen tagulla a cikin tsoffin mutane.
A tarnaƙi, ana iya ganin raunin haske mai launin rawaya ko baƙi. Su ne musamman m a cikin matasa alligators. A ciki haske ne.
Babban shugaban yana karewa da kashin da aka harba. Sama da manyan idanuwan akwai crest crest. Wutsiya tana da ɗan gajeru dangane da jiki.
Tsawon rayuwar fararen fata baƙi kusan shekaru 40-50. A cikin zaman talala, tare da kyakkyawar kulawa, suna rayuwa shekaru 60-80.
Black cayman (Melanosuchus niger) galibi yana zaune ne a Bolivia, Brazil, lardunan Columbia, Ecuador, a tsakiyar Guiana na Faransa, Guyana, a yammacin Peru da Venezuela.
Ana samun sa a cikin mazauna ruwa iri iri, kamar koguna, tafkuna, savannahs da ambaliyar ruwa.
Black Cayman shine mafi girma nau'in dangi na alligator, zai iya kaiwa zuwa mita 6 a tsayi (kimanin ƙafa 20), wanda ya sa ya zama babban memba na dangin Cayman kuma ɗan ƙaddara mafi girma a cikin kwari na Amazon.
Ra'ayin ya yi kama da na ƙawancen Amurka (Alligator mississippiensis). Kamar yadda sunan su na yau da kullun ya nuna, baƙar fata masu launin fata suna da duhu a launi.
Caimans a kasan muƙamula suna da raunin launin toka (launin ruwan kasa a tsoffin dabbobin), rawaya mai haske ko raɗaɗin fararen tare da jikin duka, dukda cewa sun zama sananne a cikin ƙananan yara. Wannan raunin yana ɓoye a hankali lokacin da dabbar ta fara girma a hankali. Baƙon fata mai launin fata yana da tarkon baƙin ƙarfe sama da idanun ja, kuma yana bambanta ta fata fata. Canza launin fata yana taimakawa abin rufe fuska yayin farauta ta dare, kuma yana taimakawa wajen shan zafi.
Baƙin fata na Caimans suna cin abinci, gami da piranhas, catfish da sauran dabbobi, kamar kunkuru da dabbobin ƙasa daban-daban, kamar su capybaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) da barewa, waɗanda ke zuwa ruwa. Manyan samfuran za su iya ciyar da tapirs da anacondas. Hakoransu an tsara su ne don kama ganima, kuma bayan nutsar, don samun isasshen abinci. Venian kuliyoyi suna cin crustaceans kuma kafin su ci gaba zuwa abincin ƙasa. Mutane masu lafiya suna daga cikin kofofin samar da abinci na masu farauta a mazauninsu. Babban hatsarin a gare su shine mutanen da ke farautar manyan dabbobi masu rarrafe saboda fata da nama.
Blackan matan baƙi mata suna yin sheƙarsu (kusan mita ɗaya da rabi a diamita) a lokacin rani. Zuriyarsu sun kai daga 30 zuwa 65 qwai. Kiyayya da marayu daga qwai yawanci yakan faru ne tsakanin kwanaki 43 zuwa 92 kafin fara damana. Matan Caiman galibi suna da kusanci da juna. Za a iya samar da gidaje duka a ɓoye da wuraren buɗewa. A tsawon lokacin, mace na kokarin yin kusa da mazauninsu.
Bayan qwai ya matso kusa da kyankyaso, yana buɗe gida kuma yana taimakawa kan aiwatar da ƙyallen. Baƙin fata 'yan Sanda ba koyaushe suna cin sanduna.
Estimatedididdigar yawan mutanen da ke cikin daji sun haɗu daga 25,000 zuwa 50,000. Har zuwa yau, yawan bakaken fata na fuskantar barazanar ci gaba da farautarsu ba bisa ƙa'ida ba kuma saboda karuwar gasa tare da babban nau'in macijin maciji.
Speciesarshen jinsunan daga baya sun yi ƙaura zuwa mazauninsu waɗanda a da sauƙin baƙi 'mazaunin maza, babban adadin karnukan dabbobin caiman a cikin waɗannan yankuna ya kasance saboda karuwa da damar haihuwa a cikin yanayi daban-daban. Ana lura da lalacewar mafi girma da mazaunin baƙar fata baƙi a cikin Guiana na Faransa, a sakamakon lalacewar daji, kona fadama, da mafarautan da ke da ikon kawar da duka nau'in halittu.
Dubi abin da "Black Cayman" yake a cikin wasu ƙamus:
- (Guinean.). Harshen kwaro. Dictionaryamus na kalmomin kasashen waje kunshe a cikin harshen Rasha. Chudinov AN, 1910. CAYMAN Guinea. Harshen kwaro. Bayanin kalmomin kasashen waje 25,000 waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin harshen Rashanci, tare da ma'anar asalinsu ... ... Dictionary na kalmomin kasashen waje na harshen Rasha
Black RGB mai launi yana daidaita HEX # 000000 (r, g, b) (0, 0, 0) (c, m, y, k) (0, 0, 0, 100 †) (h, s ... Wikipedia
Dumbc kurciya Dumb crocodile Tsara ilimin kimiya na Masarauta: Dabbobin… Wikipedia
Alligators daga sama karban ya bambanta a cikin wannan na sanya madaidaicin mandibular na huɗu a saman muƙamuƙi ba ƙwararraki ba, amma rami mai zurfi. Aƙalla hakora 17 ana sanya su a kowane gefen muƙamuƙi, amma akan ... Rayuwar dabbobi - ko caiman sunan mutum ɗaya ne, mallaki ne kawai ga Sabuwar Duniya, dangin dabbobi masu rarrafe, waɗanda, tare da gavials da kuruciya da kansu, sune keɓaɓɓun nau'ikan lemurori ko kayan maye (Loricata). Alligators sun bambanta da na gaske ... ... Brockhaus da Encyclopedia Efron
- (Jacare) yana ɗayan ƙananan abubuwa guda uku waɗanda asalin Amurkawa na masu ba da izini ko Caimans (Alligator, Jacare da Caiman) sun kasu kashi-kashi. Ya bambanta da ainihin masu ba da izini ta hanyar wanzuwar mai juzu'i tsakanin idanu, amma ba daga ainihin 'yan ƙasa ba ... F.A. Encyclopedic Dictionary Brockhaus da I.A. Efron
Taken: baki cayman.
Sunan etymology : Magana Melanosuchus yana haifar da "baƙar fata" kuma an samo daga melas (daga kalmar Girkanci "baki") + soukhos (Girkanci "kada", wanda aka juya zuwa Latin irin wannan ), niger - wanda aka fassara daga Latin a matsayin baki (launi), yana nuna launin duhu sosai na wannan nau'in.
Yankin : Black cayman an samo shi ne a arewacin Brazil, Bolivia, Kolombiya, Ekwado, Faransa Guiana, Guyana, Ecuador, a gabashin Peru, a wasu kalmomin: ko'ina cikin Kudancin Amurka na wurare masu zafi gabas da Andes
Bayanin : Mafi girma a cikin masu cin abincin fata a cikin Amazon, wanda aka rufe da fatar fata mai launin fata, yana da manyan idanuna tare da tudun-baki tsakanin su, da kuma kunkuntar makanta. Tsage kimanin 60 cm tsayi, an rufe shi da fatar fata. Manyan jajayen jajayen bakaken fata suna taimaka masa barin manyan dabbobi a bakinsa. Ridudarar dake juzu'I tsakanin black caimans tsakanin idanu sananne ne saboda girmanta, bugu da ƙari, mafi yawancin lokuta tana da kimar triangular a tsakiya.
Fatar ido na da fin-ossified, lebur da na bakin ciki, amma ba wrinkled. Raunin ido, idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan crocodiles, yana kusa da gaban gaba, sama da hakoran tara da na goma. A kan kai akwai wasu ƙananan occipital flaps waɗanda ke haifar da guda huɗu maimakon layi mara daidaici. Kayan kwalliyar kwatankwacin kwanyar yayi kama da baƙar fata na Amurka, kodayake dangane da ilmin halitta, yana da alaƙa da wasu ƙasashe.
Baƙar fata cayman yana da hakora 5 na premaxillary, maxillary - 13-14, mandibular 18-19, jimla - 72-76 hakora.
Launi : Jikin na sama baƙaƙen fata ne, ƙananan yana launin rawaya. Fatar fata ta ba da fata tana taimaka masa wajen kula da zafin jiki, kamar yadda murfin baƙi yakan taimaka wajen samun ƙarin zafi daga hasken rana. Yara dabbobi a kan asalin baƙar fata suna da rawaya, yawancin lokuta masu haske sosai, wani lokacin suna haɗawa cikin ratsi na mahara. Wannan launi mai kyau yana taimaka musu matuka wajen kare kansu daga makiya.
Girma : An lura da daidaikun mutane sama da 6 a tsayi.
Tsawon rayuwa : Shekaru arba'in da arba'in da biyar; wasu lokuta mutane kanada shekaru 80.
Wata murya : Caimans suna daya daga cikin “tsawa” masu rarrafe. Baƙon amintaccen baƙon yana fitowa da sauti kamar sauti na aradu. Muryar wannan caiman tayi daidai da muryar kaho macen kuma ana son ta samar da sadarwa a tsakanin abokan, musamman a lokacin matsewar.
Habitat : Manyan halittun dabbobi: sannu a hankali ke kwarara kogunan ruwa, tafkuna, ciyawa da kuma jikin ruwa na wucin gadi lokacin damina. Kowace shekara a Yuli, lokacin ambaliyar yakan faru a cikin ambaliyar ruwan kogin Amazon kuma a wannan lokacin baƙar fata ta bazu ko'ina a yankin da ruwa ya mamaye yankin. Lokacin rani ya faɗi a kan Satumba - Disamba, lokacin da ruwan kogin ya faɗi, kuma ambaliyar ruwan ta bushe. Sabili da haka, a cikin lokacin rani, yawancin caimans suna da yawa a cikin zurfin biya, inda suke kwance cikin manyan rukuni.
Abokan gaba: Halaye na zahiri na baki caiman (garkuwan bony akan jikin), dogaron kare shi daga sauran dabbobi - abokan gaba. Duk da wannan, baƙar fata mai baƙar fata yana da manyan maƙiyan uku: jaguar, anaconda, da mutum. Jaguars wani lokacin sunyi kuskure da caimans na hutawa don rajistan ayyukan kuma tsalle a kansu. Lokacin da baƙar fata baƙon ya ji abokin gaba akan kansa, sai ya fara motsawa. Sannan jaguar ta manne dankwalinta a ciki kuma yawanci tana kashewa. Wani maƙiyin ɓacin rai shine anaconda, wanda da wuya yake kaiwa samari hari. Lokacin da aka kawo hari, anaconda ya matse jikin caiman har sai ya mutu. Amma babban abokin gaba da bashi cayman shine mutum. Yawancin mafarauta suna kashe su sabili da fata, wanda ya haifar da ra'ayi game da ƙusar hallaka.
Yawancin ƙwai da kwayayen caimans zasu iya kama ta da yawancin tsuntsayen ganima, dabbobi masu shayarwa da dabbobi masu rarrafe.
Abinci: Abincin baƙar fata na caiman ya bambanta da shekaru, girma, mazauni da kuma wadatar ganima. Matasa suna cin galibi
Black cayman (Melanosuchus niger) galibi yana zaune ne a Bolivia, Brazil, lardunan Columbia, Ecuador, a tsakiyar Guiana na Faransa, Guyana, a yammacin Peru da Venezuela.
Ana samo shi a cikin ɗumbin wurare masu ruwa iri iri, kamar koguna, tafkuna, savannahs da ambaliyar ruwa.
Black Cayman shine mafi girma nau'in dangi na alligator, zai iya kaiwa zuwa mita 6 a tsayi (kimanin ƙafa 20), wanda ya sa ya zama babban memba na dangin Cayman kuma ɗan ƙaddara mafi girma a cikin kwari na Amazon.
Ra'ayin ya yi kama da na ƙawancen Amurka (Alligator mississippiensis). Kamar yadda sunan su na yau da kullun ya nuna, baƙar fata masu launin fata suna da duhu a launi.
Caimans a kasan muƙamula suna da raunin launin toka (launin ruwan kasa a tsoffin dabbobin), rawaya mai haske ko raɗaɗin fararen tare da jikin duka, dukda cewa sun zama sananne a cikin ƙananan yara. Wannan raunin yana ɓoye a hankali lokacin da dabbar ta fara girma a hankali. Baƙon fata mai launin fata yana da tarkon baƙin ƙarfe sama da idanun ja, kuma yana bambanta ta fata fata. Canza fata yana taimakawa abin rufe fuska yayin farauta ta dare, kuma yana taimakawa wajen shan zafi.
Baƙin fata na Caimans suna cin abinci, gami da piranhas, catfish da sauran dabbobi, kamar kunkuru da dabbobin ƙasa daban-daban, kamar su capybaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) da barewa, waɗanda suke zuwa ruwa. Manyan samfuran za su iya ciyar da tapirs da anacondas. Hakoransu an tsara su ne don kama ganima, kuma bayan nutsar, don samun isasshen abinci. Venian kuliyoyi suna cin crustaceans kuma kafin su ci gaba zuwa abincin ƙasa. Mutane masu lafiya suna daga cikin kofofin samar da abinci na masu farauta a mazauninsu. Babban hatsarin a gare su shine mutanen da ke farautar manyan dabbobi masu rarrafe saboda fata da nama.
Blackan matan baƙi mata suna yin sheƙarsu (kusan mita ɗaya da rabi a diamita) a lokacin rani. 'Ya'yan sun haɗu daga ƙwai 30 zuwa 65. Kiyayya da marayu daga qwai yawanci yakan faru ne tsakanin kwanaki 43 zuwa 92 kafin fara damana. Matan Caiman galibi suna da kusanci da juna. Za a iya samar da gidaje duka a ɓoye da wuraren buɗewa. A tsawon lokacin, mace na kokarin yin kusa da mazauninsu.
Bayan qwai ya matso kusa da kyankyaso, yana buɗe gida kuma yana taimakawa kan aiwatar da ƙyallen. Baƙin fata 'yan Sanda ba koyaushe suna cin sanduna.
Estimatedididdigar yawan mutanen da ke cikin daji sun haura daga 25,000 zuwa 50,000. A yau, yawan bakaken fata na fuskantar barazanar ci gaba da farautar su kuma saboda karuwar gasa tare da babban nau'in macijin maciji.
Speciesarshen jinsunan daga baya sun yi ƙaura zuwa mazauninsu waɗanda a da sauƙin baƙi 'mazaunin maza, babban adadin karnukan dabbobin caiman a cikin waɗannan yankuna ya kasance saboda karuwa da damar haihuwa a cikin yanayi daban-daban. Ana lura da lalacewar mafi girma da mazaunin baƙar fata baƙi a cikin Guiana na Faransa, a sakamakon lalacewar daji, kona fadama, da mafarautan da ke da ikon kawar da duka nau'in halittu.
Tasirin wasu mafarauta
Dabbobi daban-daban, har ma da kifi, anacondas da sauran 'yan amshi na iya cin abincinsu Amma idan suka girma kuma suka kai kimanin mita ɗaya a tsayi, adadin abokan gaba da suke da su ya ragu sosai. Mummunan ɓarna a wasu lokutan yakan kashe yan ka’aba, kodayake su da kansu sukan zama masu cutar da su. Kuma mafarauta kamar su jaguar na iya zama barazanar da matasa kera. Yawancin lokaci yana jin tsoron manya. Kodayake an rubuta karar guda ɗaya lokacin da wannan dabbar dabbar ta kama babban dabbar a ƙasa. Gabaɗaya, irin waɗannan 'yan amphibians, waɗanda aka ba su girman su da ƙarfinsu, ba su da abokan gaba sai mutane.
Lamba da darajar
Wadannan dabbobi masu banmamaki suna da fata mai kyau, wanda aka yaba sosai saboda ingancinsa da kyawunsa. Saboda wannan, an farauta su sosai, wanda ya haifar da raguwa mai mahimmanci a cikin yawan caiman a ƙarshen 50s. A wannan lokacin, za a iya ganin bayyanar su a wasu wurare a cikin Amazon. Kuma godiya kawai ga gandun-daji, waɗannan karkatattun ba su mutu ba.
Shekaru 20 bayan haka, mutane sun fahimci cewa baƙar fata cayman da kanta tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin yanayin yanayin rayuwa. Lokacin da amphibians suka cika duk wuraren ajiyar ruwa kuma suka fara yawa, sun lalata babban yanki na ciyayi mai cutarwa. Kuma an amintar da shi cikin yanayin kewaye. Saboda haka, an zartar da dokoki don hana lalacewar kada. A halin yanzu, adadin waɗannan mutanen sun kai kusan miliyan ɗaya. Zuwa yau, babu abin da ke barazana ga yawan bakaken fata.
Habitat
Waɗannan mutane suna zaune a wuraren ajiya na kusan duk Kudancin Amurka. Suna zaune a Brazil, Peru, Ekwado, Bolivia, Columbia, Guyana, Guiana. A wata kalma, crocodiles ya bazu ko'ina da mamaye wuraren kula da gandun daji. Yankunan da suka fi so yin sulhu sune tabkuna da kogunan da ba su da ɓoye waɗanda ke cikin ɓoyayyiyar ƙasa Bayan haka, yanayin yanayi a irin waɗannan wurare yana da laima kuma ba zafi sosai, wanda ke amintar da rayuwar jama'a da yadda ake haifan karnuka. Hakanan ana iya ganin fararen baƙi a babban birnin Rasha. Wadannan 'yan amphibians suna cikin kyawawan zoo na Moscow.
Kwaf "Kalmar kamun kifi"
A Kudancin Amurka, kamar yadda kowa ya sani, akwai Ya fi girma a duniya girma. Manyan rijiyoyi sun haɗu da shi: Ukayali da Maranyon. Piranha, kifi mai ban mamaki kuma, ba shakka, karnuka suna zaune a wannan wurin shakatawa. A cikin swamps na Amazon akwai kuma caiman baki. Kifi mai kamun kifi a kansa ya shahara sosai. Tun da wannan dabba tana da ɗanɗuwa da kyan gani, kuma fatarta tana cikin buƙata mai yawa a cikin kasuwanni, mutane suna zuwa wannan tafki kuma suna shirya farauta don 'yan amphibians. Wasu suna kashe su don siyarwa don neman kuɗi. Bayan haka, farashin irin wannan kama yana da girma sosai. Kuma wasu suna ƙoƙarin kama mafarautan, kawai don ɗaukar hotuna tare da ƙyale su su koma cikin kogin. Saboda irin wannan kulawa da mutane suke yi, baƙaran fatarsa ya zama tsoro. "Kifi na Rasha" ya shahara sosai ba wai kawai a yankinmu ba, har ma a Kudancin Amurka. Da yawa daga cikin membobinmu suna zuwa Amazon don farauto karnukan daji da kansu. A gare su kamar babbar wasanni ce ko gasa tsakanin manyan mutane.
Don kama wannan kyakkyawar dabba mai rarrafe, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar ƙammar daga naman dabba, haɗa shi da igiya kuma tsoma shi kadan a cikin tafkin. Cayman zai ji ƙanshi kuma ya yi tafiya zuwa kayan. Zai fi kyau a fara farauta da dare. A wannan lokacin suna aiki sosai kamar yadda zai yiwu kuma har ma suna zuwa bankunan koguna da tafkuna. Hakanan zaka iya kama ƙananan amphibians don kifi ko manyan tsuntsaye.
Hakanan a kusa da tafkunan, akwai wasu gidaje na musamman don masu yawon shakatawa waɗanda suka zo don shakatawa kuma ba kawai kallon namun daji ba, har ma da waɗannan mutane masu ban mamaki. Caiman baƙar fata shine babban ɗan farauta, wanda ke da haɗari ba kawai ga ƙananan dabbobi ba, har ma ga mutane.
Abokan gaba na Black Cayman
Wataƙila maƙiyan maƙiyan manya ne kawai za a iya kiransu babbar iskar. Amintaccen abu ne da ya sani cewa macizai masu mita biyu sama da sau ɗaya sun zama abinci ga macizai masu mita huɗu. Ya kasance hakane zai yiwu, tare da kawunan fiye da mitoci 3, “Sarauniyar Llanos” bata son tuntuɓar. Wataƙila anaconda mai tsawon mita 6 zai yanke shawarar shiga cikin wannan yaƙin. Amma irin waɗannan halayen ba su da yawa. Baƙin fata na fata, bi da bi, ba su rasa damar samun damar kai wa macizai masu juna biyu rai, da jinkirin.
Manyan baƙi na fata suna zama na dogon lokaci ba tare da motsi a cikin wani kandami ba, suna jiran ganima. Fiye da haƙoran hakora 70 suna manne a jikin kowace dabba, suna jingina ga ruwa. Baya ga capybaras, aladu na gida, karnuka, dawakai kuma za su iya zama ganima na maƙiyi. Caimans kuma zasu iya cin kunkuru har ma da cougars.
A ƙarshen lokacin rani, caiman baki mace ta fara gina gida. Sannan ta shimfida daga 30 zuwa 65 qwai. Mace tana ciyar da duk lokacin da zai sanyata kusa da gida. Bayan kwanaki 42-90, kananan crocodiles suna ba da sigina don ƙyanƙyashe, kuma macen ta karya gida.
Babban makiyi ga baƙon fata shine mutumin da yake kashe dabbobi don nama da fata.
Bidiyon cayman bakar fata
Babbar baƙar fata ita ce mafi girma nau'in alligator kuma dabba ta biyu mafi girma a Kudancin Amurka, bayan macijin Orinoc - tsayinsa ya kai 4.7 m (akwai ma rahotannin da ba a tabbatar da su ba na mutane na mita shida). Ya bambanta da sauran yankuna a cikin kyakkyawar fuska da manyan idanu. Blackmanman fata yana yaɗu ko'ina cikin wurare masu zafi na Kudancin Amurka gabashin gabashin Andes, inda sannu a hankali yake zama a cikin kogunan ruwa, tafkuna, ciyawa da tafkuna na wucin gadi lokacin damina. Kowace shekara a cikin Yuli a lokacin fashewar Amazon, baƙar fata ta bazu ko'ina an mamaye yankin da ruwa ya mamaye shi, yayin da a lokacin rani caiman ya fi mayar da hankali a cikin manyan rukuni a cikin ƙananan biya. Caiman baƙar fata yana cin kifi musamman (gami da piranhas) da tsuntsayen ruwa, amma a ƙari, menu nasa shima ya ƙunshi manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa (gami da capybaras da tapirs). Manyan mutane za su iya kai hari kan dabbobi, tare kuma da haifar da hatsari ga mutane. Ya fi son farauta fararen fata baƙi da daddare, wanda haɓakar haɓakar gani da ji suke samu. A cewar shaidun gani da ido, wannan alligator na iya yin saututtukan da zasu yi kama da mayukan tsawa.
Matan Caiman suna gina gida daga tarkace na shuka tare da nisan nisan kusan 1.5 m kusa da ruwa mai zurfi kuma suka sanya ƙwai 30 zuwa 65 a cikin lokacin bazara. Kwanaki 42-90 suna zama kusa da gida kuma suna tsare mason. Daga nan sai suka buɗe gida kuma suna taimaka wa ƙanana su ƙyanƙyashe. Da farko, karnukan kan zauna a cikin ruwa mara karfi a karkashin kariya daga mahaifiyarsu, kuma galibi ana hada dabbobin da yawa cikin babbar kungiyar.