Frog lake (lat. Pelophylax ridibundus) nasa ne da dangin Real frogs (Ranidae). Wannan shine ɗayan amphibians mafi yawan jama'a a Eurasia. Yana da sauƙin daidaitawa ga canje-canjen muhalli kuma yana ɗan daidaita da sauri da sabon yanayi.

Dangane da nazarin kwayoyin, kusan shekaru 5,000 da suka gabata, wannan mashahurin dan amurka ya kasance tare da kwaro na kandami (Pelophylax lessonae). Sakamakon wani sabon nau'in halitta ne da ake kira cinikin kwaro mai lalacewa (Pelophylax esculentus). Tafinsa ne da dodannin Faransa suka ci lokacin azumi a farkon tsararraki. Daga baya, abincin da ba a fassara shi ba ya zama karɓaɓɓun duniya kuma ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin mafi girman aikin Faransa

Kowace shekara, Faransawa suna cin tan 4000 ton na ƙafafu rogaya.

Gourmets na Belgium da Amurka suna gaba kaɗan bayansu. Abinci kuma ya shahara a Indonesia, Thailand, China, Vietnam, Luxembourg, Portugal da Spain.

Rarraba

Wurin zama daga Yankin Turai ta Tsakiya zuwa Asiya ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka. Iyakarsa a yamma ta wuce yankuna na gabashin Faransa, kuma a gabas zuwa Kazakhstan, Pakistan da lardunan arewa maso yamma na China. A arewa, ya tashi daga bakin Tekun Baltic har zuwa Udmurtia da Bashkiria a Rasha.

Ana samun jama'ar da ke keɓewa a cikin oases a yammacin Saudi Arabia da kuma Bahrain. Kogin Ingilishi an gabatar dashi da nasara cikin Ingilishi kuma a yankin Iberian Peninsula, an gabatar dasu zuwa Kamchatka, inda suka samo tushe a tafkunan kusa da maɓuɓɓugar zafi.

Wakilan wannan nau'in da yardar rai za su zauna a wurin da ke da tsaunuka a tsaunin sama da 1100 m sama da matakin teku, kuma har zuwa 2500 a yankin Balkans Suna ba da fifiko ga jikin ruwa mai tsafta da ruwan zafin na kimanin 15 ° C, kodayake suna jure yanayin zafi har zuwa 35 ba tare da sakamako ba ga lafiyarsu ° C. A cikin Kudancin Ukraine, ana samun amphibians a cikin tabkuna da tafkuna tare da karuwar taurin zuciya da salinity.

Yawancin kwaroron tabkuna ana yawan ganin su a cikin halittun dabbobi tare da ciyawar tsire-tsire masu ɗorewa waɗanda ke a cikin sarari.

Suna ƙaunar bankunan koguna da tafkuna, waɗanda rana ke haskawa sosai. An guji wuraren shakatawa na amurka Mafi kyawun zurfin a gare su shine kusan 50 cm.

Halayyar

Rog tafkin lake yana aiki da maraice da dare. Da rana, tana ɗaukar maraice na tsawon lokaci tare da jin daɗin fili, kuma a cikin lokacinta na zaman lafiya daga hanyoyin lafiya sai ta ɓoye a ƙarƙashin gandun dazuzzukan tekun, a cikin shinge na itace ko kuma mafaka a ƙasan tafki.

Amphibian yana da yawan nau'in masu mamayewa kuma yana da haɗari ga ci gaba da fadada yankunan da aka mallaka.

Ta rabu da gidajenta kawai a lokacin ruwan sama. Motsa jiki koyaushe yana faruwa a ƙarƙashin murfin dare.

Gswararrun tafkin suna barin wuraren hunturursu gwargwadon yanayin yanayi a watan Maris ko Afrilu. A kudu na kewayon, suna ci gaba da aiki shekara-shekara kuma kar su fada cikin rashin himma. Wintering yana faruwa a cikin yanayin ruwa kuma a yawancin yankuna yana farawa a ƙarshen Oktoba ko farkon Nuwamba, lokacin da ruwan zafin ya sauka zuwa 8 ° -10 ° C.

Abinci mai gina jiki

Tushen abincin da tsofaffi ya ƙunshi kwari da yawa, larvae da arachnids. Suna kama ganima a ƙasa ko kai tsaye daga ruwa, nan da nan sukan kama shi da harshen da ke fitowa. Roashirwa sau da yawa suna cin abinci a kan ƙudaje, da dodo, da ƙudan zuma, da kuma ƙudan zuma da ke tashi saman ruwa. Baya ga su, ƙananan crustaceans da annelids (Annelidae) suna cin abinci sosai.

Zuwa mafi karancin, kifayen kifayen da kuma na wasu yara na dabbobi, tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu shayarwa suna zama ganima. Amintaccen mai yawan cin abinci ba zai bar jin daɗin jin daɗin tadpoles nasa da caviar kifi ba. Ta kan kai hari har abada da shukoki, kajin da kuma macizan da ba su san su ba.

Maƙaddara tana shirye don kai hari ga kowane ɗan halitta da ba shi da ƙanƙan da girma a kanta.

Kwarogin kogi su kansu abinci ne na kifayen tsuntsayen, da kuma tsuntsayen abubuwa masu rarrafe.

Tadpoles suna ciyar da detritus, algae kore, diatoms (Diatomeae) da rotifers (Rotifera). Yayinda suke girma, sukan fara ciyar da sassan jikinsu masu taushi.

Kiwo

Lokacin mating yana gudana daga Mayu zuwa Yuni. Maza sun mamaye ƙananan dabarun gida tare da diamita har zuwa 2 m kuma suna jan hankalin mata tare da ƙara yawan magana. Sauti wadanda suke da alaƙar tunawa da zubar da jini ko dariya, suna yin amfani da resonators na musamman waɗanda ke cikin kusurwa ta baka.

Lokacin da namiji yabi don jawo hankalin abokin tarayya, sai ya yi birgima da sauri ya hau kan ta ta baya ya rufe kafafunsa na gaba a kusa da yatsun hannu. Mace ta daga ƙwai 5 zuwa 15,000, waɗanda namiji ke haɗuwa da shi nan da nan kuma a haɗe zuwa ganyen tsire-tsire masu ɗumbin ruwa suna iyo akan ruwa. Caviar yana ta tururuwa sau da yawa a cikin kananan rabo.

Ya danganta da yanayin muhalli, shiryawa yana kasancewa daga kwanaki 4 zuwa 10.

Tsawon tsararran jikin dabbar da aka zana ya kai 8 mm. Matakan lardin yana makonni 6-12. A ƙarshen metamorphosis, larvae ya girma zuwa 6-9 cm. A wasu daga cikinsu, ci gaban ya haɗu har zuwa shekaru biyu, don haka suka sami damar kaiwa zuwa girman girma har zuwa 18 cm.

A cikin maza, lokacin balaga yana faruwa yayin da yake shekara biyu, kuma a cikin mace yana da shekaru uku.

Bayanin

Tsawon jikin mace kusan mm 100 ne, kuma mace 140 mm. Weight 50-200 g. Lokaci-lokaci, samfurori masu girma suna zuwa. Tare tare da toads na kowa (Bufo bufo) su ne mafi girma amphibians a Turai.

A saman jiki ana fentin cikin koren zaitun ko launin ruwan kasa, sau da yawa ƙasa akwai mutane masu launin shuɗi, koren duhu ko launin ruwan kasa. Siffar halayyar ita ce kasancewar launin toka ko launin toka a baya, gewaye da kwatangwalo.

Abun ciki yayi nauyi kuma an rufe shi da tarkace tare da tsarin marmara. Shugaban yana da ƙarfi, tare da mucks mai ƙarfi. An rufe fata mai laushi da warts. Tsakanin yatsun akwai membranes na ruwa.

Tsammani tsawon lokacin berafin tafkin shine kimanin shekaru 12.

Lake rana

Lake rana - Mafi yawan wakilcin dangin gidan frogs na gaske. Don haduwa da shi, mazauna wasu biranen kawai suna buƙatar barin garin zuwa kowane jikin ruwa. Wannan yar amurka ana iya rarrabe shi ta tsattsauran halayen tare da kai da kashin baya. Frogin lake shine mafi yawan jinsunan kungiyar. Mafi yawan lokuta suna rayuwa ne inda ruwan zafin ya kai aƙalla 15 digiri Celsius. Bari muyi magana game da wannan nau'in rana.

Asalin gani da kwatancin

Hoto: Ruwan Lake

Farkon ambaton dutsen tafkin ya bayyana a shekara ta 1771. Sunan Latin Pelophylax ridibundus a wancan lokacin masanin kimiyyar lissafin ilimin kimiyar ilimin kimiya na Jaman ne Pallas Peter Simon. Wannan mutumin ya gano sabbin nau'ikan nau'ikan dabbobi daban-daban. An ma nada wasu wakilan fauna a bayan sa.

Frogin tafkin shine mafi girma nau'in amphibian a Rasha. Mafi yawancin lokuta ana iya samun su a wuraren jigon asalin asalin rashin lafiyar ɗan adam. A cewar alkaluman hukuma, a kasarmu wannan nau’in kwayayen ya bayyana ne a cikin 1910 kuma aka kuskure shi aka bayyana shi da babbar kwaya - Rana florinskii.

Bayyanar fasali da fasali

Hoto: Ruwan Lake

Lake rana tsarinta yana da kasusuwa mai mutum-maciji, kwanyar kwanciyar hankali da kasala mai nauyi. Bayyanar kwazon tafkin ba ta da banbanci da sauran wakilan wannan dangin. Idan ka duba da kyau, zaka iya ganin cewa ƙananan sashin jiki, masu fentin launin toka ko kuma rawaya kaɗan a launi, shima yana da duhu duhu. A sama, jikin rana yana da launi kama da na ciki. Idanun mutane da yawa don mafi yawan suna da launin zinare.

Daga cikin fasalin wannan nau'in, ana iya ambaton taro mai ban sha'awa a wasu lokuta, wanda wani lokacin yakan kai 700 g. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran kwaroron, wannan lambar tana tabbatar da cewa kwaɗar lake ba ɗaya daga cikin wakilai masu haske a cikin danginta ba.

Ina frog ɗin lake?

Hoto: Ruwan Lake

Farin ruwan tafkin yana yaduwa a sassa daban daban na duniya. A yanzu, ban da Rasha, ana iya samun ta a wasu sassan Turai, Asiya, da kuma a Arewacin Afirka.

Daga cikin mafi yawan cunkoson jama'a a Turai galibi ana rarrabe su:

A cikin Asiya, kwalayen tafkin sun zama ruwan dare kusa da Kamchatka. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa ana samun sauye sauyen tushen ƙasa a sashin ƙasa. Yanayin zafin jiki a cikinsu ya kai kimanin digiri 20 na Celsius, kuma wannan, kamar yadda ka sani, abu ne mai matukar dacewa ga rayuwar wannan nau'in.

A kan iyakar ƙasarmu, ana iya samun tafkin tafki tare da yuwuwar samarwa idan kana zaune a Tomsk ko Novosibirsk. A cikin koguna kamar Tom da Ob, suna ɗaya daga cikin manyan mazaunan.

Me kwaɗon lake yake ci?

Hoto: Ruwan Lake

Abincin wannan nau'in bai bambanta da dangi gaba ɗaya ba. A matsayin abincin su, kwalayen tafkin sun fi son larvae na dodon, kwari, da kuma mollusks. Idan abincin da aka lissafa a sama yana da karancin abinci ko ya ɓace, za su iya cin tadpole daga cikin ire-irensu ko kuma wasu kifin kogin.

A cikin sakin layi na gaba, zamu ambata girman amphibian wanda aka yi la’akari da shi, waɗanda sune ɗayan manyan sifofin bayyanar su daga wasu nau'in dangi. Godiya a gare su, kwaroron tafkin na iya kaiwa hari a wasu lokuta irin wannan dabbobi masu shayarwa kamar filin sauka ko jijiyoyi, kananan tsuntsaye, kajin da kananan macizai.

Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa

Hoto: Ruwan Lake

Lake rana Iyalin frogs na gaskiya shine mafi girma jinsunan amphibian a Eurasia. A yanayi, zaka iya samun mutane waɗanda girman su ya kai tsawon milimita 17. Yana da ban sha'awa mu sani cewa a cikin wannan nau'in, mata galibi sun fi maza yawa.

Kamar kowane kwaro, tafkin, galibi yana zaune ne a bakin gawarwakin ruwa. Sakamakon launinta, yana iya saurin rufe ido cikin kowane yanayi. Tsarin halayensa na baya, wanda shine kullun mai haske mai haske, yana taimakawa masar akan abinda ya shafi tsirrai masu ruwa.

Don rayuwa, kwaroron tafkin sun fi son tafkuna tare da ƙaramin zurfin 20 santimita. Mafi sau da yawa, ana iya samun wannan nau'in a wuraren rami - tafkuna, tafkunan ruwa, rami, da sauransu.

Rogududden lake yana aiki a kewaye da agogo, saboda haka, idan ta lura da haɗarin, nan da nan ta rikice ta ɓoye a cikin ruwa. Yana zaune akan bankunan da rana, kamar yadda yake tsunduma cikin farauta a wannan lokacin. A lokacin hunturu, kwaɗar tafkin na iya ci gaba da aiki idan yanayin ruwan bai canza da yawa ba.

Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa

Hoto: Ruwan Lake

Yana da ban sha'awa mu sani cewa haifuwar tafkin tafkin, sabanin sauran amphibians, ba tare da ƙaura. Da yake suna da zafin rana, maza suna nuna shirinsu na farko don daskarewa idan zafin ruwa ya kama daga +13 zuwa +18 digiri. Ana fara waka, wanda saboda yaduwar kusurwowin bakin ne. Givenarin ƙarin ƙarfafa sauti ana ba su ta hanyar ƙwallan buɗe ido na musamman - resonators, wanda aka saƙa lokacin da croaking.

Frogs suna tarawa cikin rukuni, kuma maza basa da yawan buƙata, saboda haka zasu iya kama mace ɗaya cikin rukuni ko ma sun rikitar da ita da wani abu na rashin damuwa.

Spawning zai faru ne kawai a cikin yanayin mai cikakken aminci da kariya. Rogaya tsintsiya ɗaya na iya sa ƙwai dubu 12. Duk tsawon lokacin kiwo yana tsawan wata daya.

Yawancin tadpoles sun bazu ko'ina cikin tafkunan, suna ciyar da algae kuma suna jiran lokacin balagarsu, wanda ke faruwa shekara guda ko fiye bayan haɗarin su.

Abokan halitta na tafkin lake

Hoto: Ruwan Lake

Duk da cewa kwazon tafkin yana da girma, galibi yakan zama wanda aka azabtar da wasu dabbobi. Daga cikin mafi munin abokan wannan nau'in, al'ada ce a fitar da maciji na yau da kullun, tunda sun girke tushensu.

Rogarfin lake ita ma galibi ganima ce ga tsuntsayen dabbobi masu tsinkaye da sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa. Misali, zai iya zama dawakai, mayuka ko jakoki. Abokan gaba ɗaya masu haɗarin haɗari don kwaɗar tafkin itace ciyawar ko dabbar. Sau da yawa zaka iya ganin hoto yadda suke cinye su da yardar rai, suna kama su daga tafki. Manyan kifayen kuma sukan ci kwaɗi. Wadannan kifayen sun hada da kifin kifi, pike da pike perch.

Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu

Hoto: Ruwan Lake

Roguriyar tafkin tana da yawan jama'a kuma tana zaune a cikin gandun daji, gauraye da dazuzzuka, kwari, hamada da jeji, zaɓin tsayawa ko ruwa mai gudana, koguna, koguna da tabkuna a waɗannan yankuna na dabi'a. Abin takaici, a wasu yankuna wadannan yan amfanoni sun shahara. Barazanar ita ce mutumin da ya kama mutane don yin karatu, gudanar da gwaje-gwaje ko amfani da su a magani.

Tadpoles na tafkin lake suna zama abinci ga yawancin mazaunan tafki. A lokaci guda, mazan da mata manya ke cin kifi, hakan yana shafar ichthyofauna na jikin ruwa. Hakanan, wakilan wannan nau'in sun fi son karama, tsuntsaye, macizai har ma da dabbobi masu shayarwa don abinci. Don haka, kwazon tafkin yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin sarkar abinci.

A ƙarshe, Ina so in faɗi cewa, tafkin tafkin, duk da cewa tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan jinsunan dangi na kwaɗi, amma har yanzu suna buƙatar kariyar. Wannan kawai ya bayyana launinta, wanda sau da yawa yakan zama kyakkyawan tsari ga wannan nau'in. Duk da cewa kwaɗar tafkin nau'in halitta ce gama gari, ana kama ta don amfani da ilimi, magani da kimiyya.

Fasali na salon rayuwa da kuma halin tafkin tafkin

Lakewararrun tafkin na iya zama dare da rana. Mafi yawan lokutan da suke ciyarwa a cikin ruwa, suna iyo sosai kuma suna ruwa.

Yin iyo, kwaɗi na tono abinci, kuma ka tafi bakin teku don farauta. A cikin yin iyo, babban huhun yana wasa da huhun, yana cike da iska, suna ba da damar rana ta yi shuru akan ruwa.

A kan tudu, suna motsawa cikin karfi. Idan akwai haɗari, za su nutse har ƙasa daga tushe, a cikin ciyawar da ke cikin ruwa ko kuma baƙin cikin bankunan da ke ciki.

Me tsintsiyar lake ke ci?

Wadannan kwaɗi suna cin abinci ta hannu, galibi kwari: diflomasiyya, gizo-gizo, gwozayen ƙasa, tururuwa, kumburi, ƙugiya, ciyawa, fara, crick, cicadas, nutcrackers, da sauransu.

Yawancin lokaci suna farautar kwari a cikin ciyawar bakin teku, galibi suna jiran ganima, kuma suna gudu da duk abin da ya wuce su. Sau da yawa ana iya ganin su akan abubuwa masu fita daga ruwa ko kuma wani ɓangaren damɓa na bakin tekun.

Naman kwarogin ruwa na ciyarwa ba wai kawai a cikin hanyoyin ruwa ba, har ma a kan dabbobin ruwa - kifin kifaye, kajin ruwan ruwa, matattara. Ko da alamun hare-haren waɗannan 'yan amphibians a kan rodents da matasa macizai sanannu ne! A lokacin kifar da soyayyen kifi, kwastomomi da yawa ke lalata su, kuma da yawan bayyanar tadpoles har ma da nau'ikan nasu, sai su canza zuwa farautar su. Don haka, wannan amintaccen dan birgewa ne mai karko.

Ba a bayyana kwarewar abinci na frogs na tafkin ba, suna iya wucewa daga abinci zuwa wani. Yanayin abincinsu ya bambanta sosai yayin kakar, duk da haka, babban ɓangaren abincin har yanzu kwari ne.

Tadpoles suna ciyar da algae, kuma kawai a cikin matakan ci gaba na ci gaba kawai suke fara cin abincin dabbobi, kamar rotifers.

Syn. Pelophylax ridibundus

Dukan yankin Belarus

Iyalin Frogs na Gaskiya (Ranidae).

A Belarus, ana rarraba shi ta ko'ina a cikin yankin, kusan sau da yawa ya mamaye wuraren gine-ginen amphibian na yanayin ƙasa.

Ya kasance cikin rukuni na frogs masu launin shuɗi. Mafi girma nau'in halittu tsakanin yan uwanmu. Matsakaicin jikin mutum ya kai kusan cm 10 Tsawon jikin mutum shine 6 cm (5-8 cm), na mace 5.6 cm (3.7-8.5 cm), nauyi har zuwa 200 g. gaba ɗaya m. Baffa ya zagaye. Fata ya yi laushi.Abubuwan da ke da mahimmanci a rarrabe fasali: idan an matse kafafu zuwa kwatangwalo kuma an sanya su cikin ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa a jiki, to, haɗin gwiwar gwiwoyi yana tafiya ɗaya bayan ɗaya, ƙwayar hanji na ciki yana ƙasa, yawanci ya fi sau 2 gajere fiye da yatsa na farko, resonators na maza (kwallaye a sasannin bakin, waxanda suke birgewa) launin toka, wani lokacin kusan baki. A cikin maza, yayin lokacin kiwo, a farkon yatsun kafa na gaba, lokacin farin ciki ya haɓaka - callosus na fata. Mata yawanci sun fi maza yawa.

A saman jiki ana fentin launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi tare da fifikon launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa, kore ko wasu launuka na zaitun. Akwai manyan duhu duhu a bayan, sun sha bamban da adadi, girma da sifa. A kusa da kai da kuma kunya, yawancin mutane (har zuwa 90%) da suke zaune a Belarus suna da fitilar haske daban-daban na bayyanawa (0.3-0.5% na samfuran mutum ɗaya zigzag).

Lowerananan jikin an yi fenti-fari ko kuma launin rawaya kaɗan a launi, a mafi yawan lokuta masu duhu da yawa, wani lokacin baƙar fata. Akwai ratsiyoyi masu ratsa jiki a kafaɗun hancin. Idanu mai haske launin launi na zinariya.

Tsutsa ko tadpole, zaitun mai haske a launi, mai siffa pear. Girman dake tsakanin idanu ya fi sau 2 girma fiye da nisan da ke tsakanin hanci. A lebe na sama na faifan baka na 2-3, a kan ƙananan - 3 layuka na hakora.

Yana jagoranci ingantaccen tsarin rayuwa. Frogin tafkin yana zaune ne a cikin kullun, mai zurfi (sama da 20 cm) tafukan. Yawancin lokuta waɗannan dattawa, tafkuna, tafkuna, rami, amma sau da yawa ana iya samunsa a bankunan manyan koguna. A Belarus, rafin tafkin ba a rarraba shi ba tare da bambanci ba, yawan jama'a ya bambanta daga 1-2 zuwa 300-550 samfurori a cikin 100 m na gabar teku. Babban adadin shine halayyar yankunan kudanci na jamhuriya.

Aiki a kusa da nan kowane lokaci, amma yafi a lokacin rana. Mafi aiki shine lokaci mafi dumin lokaci (daga 12 zuwa awa 17). Mafi yawan farauta akan filaye tare da gabar ruwan ruwa. A cikin ruwa, yawanci yana ɓoyewa daga haɗari, ruwa daga bankunan, kumburi ko daga ganyayyakin tsire-tsire masu ruwa. Yayin ayyukan rana, frogs ɗin suna sake cika danshi a cikin kandami. A dare, a yanayin zafi, ba su cikin haɗarin bushewa, saboda haka za su iya kasancewa a kan ƙasa na dogon lokaci. Matasa, ƙwallafa masu ƙwayau sanannu ne saboda babban aikinsu yayin bazara; mace tana da ɗan aiki kaɗan, maza suna da kusan rabin abin da suke ci kamar na mace.

Kamar kowane kwaro, tafkin yana ciyar da kwari iri iri (68-95% na abincin), wanda kashi 27% na sifofin tashi ne. Yawancin ruwa na ruwa na ruwa (larvae larvae, beetles da larvae, mollusks) suma suna zama abinci ne na yau da kullun. A wasu halaye, idan akwai manyan kifayen da tadpoles a wuraren ajiye ruwa, yawan nau'ikan kifin ya kai kashi 70%; sun sami damar ciyar da kamun kifayen a wuraren da suke maida hankali a wuraren tafkin kifaye. Amma a cikin wuraren ajiyar ruwa na asali, rawar kifi a ciyar da kwalaye na tafkin yayi kadan. Cutar cannibal tana da faɗi sosai, musamman a wurare masu yawan gaske, inda ake cin abinci har zuwa 98% na larvae da tadpoles a duk tsawon lokacin aiki. Sau da yawa, matasa kwaroron kansu da na wasu jinsuna suma suna zama ganima a cikin tafkin lake. Ba kamar sauran 'yan amphibians ba, wannan babban tsutsotsi a wasu lokuta yakan kai hari ga ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa (vole filin, shrus), ƙananan tsuntsaye, kajin, ƙananan macizai (galibi yana birgewa). Koyaya, tsarin abincin ya sha bamban sosai. A wasu wurare, rawar da ake takawa cikin abincin ana yin ta ne ta hanyar ƙwayoyin ƙasa (har zuwa kashi 80-90%).

Yayin farauta, nan da nan rana ta jefa harshen taushi mai nisa zuwa gaba. Ganima yana riƙewa da harshe ana kama shi ta jaws wanda yake da ƙananan hakora.

Rogudun tafkin da kanta azabtar da kifi (pike, zander, perches, burbot), dabbobi masu rarrafe (macizai, macijin). Yawancin lokaci yakan zama ganima ga yawancin nau'ikan tsuntsaye (gulls, terns, grebes, ducks, storks, herons, sha, rodents, ravens, rooks, shrikes, julans da tsuntsaye na ganima). Daga dabbobi masu shayarwa, masu shura, bera, kwari, karnuka, karnuka, karnukan karnuka, weasels, ferrets, minks, martens, badgers, otters da ma kuliyoyin gida suna cin shi.

Wutar kogin lake ana kwatanta shi da tsararren birki ko kuma ihu mai ƙarfi na "warr." Ko "hankaka." Koyaya, a cikin tafkin tafkin, rawar murya na maza na ci gaba bayan lokacin kiwo. A cikin maza, yayin da ake raira waƙa a cikin sasanninta bakin, ana yaɗa kwallayen launin toka - resonators wanda ke taimakawa haɓaka sauti. Abin sha'awa, takamaiman sunan Latin Rana ridibunda a Belarusian yana nufin "ragatuha" ko "dariya" a cikin Rashanci. Maƙudan ruwa a cikin tafkin suna yin gwajin muryarsu ta farko lokacin da ruwan ya kama har zuwa 14-16 ° C yayin rana, yawanci wannan yana faruwa a ƙarshen watan Afrilu. A lokacin kiwo, mawaƙin mawaƙa suna ɗaukar kusan tsawon rana kuma ana katse shi daga ƙarfe 03:00 zuwa 06:00 na safe. (Lokacin sanyi).

A lokacin kiwo, maza suna da waya sosai kuma suna da ƙarfi. Mating da spawning yana farawa a farkon watan Mayu a zazzabi na 15-20 ° C. Ciyarwa yana farawa cikin mafi tsananin zafi kuma ana kiyaye shi daga wuraren iska na jikin ruwa. Ba duk frogs a lokaci guda suna sanya ƙwai ba: lokacin haihuwar su yana da tsawo sosai kuma yana ɗaukar aƙalla kwanaki 30-35 tare da ƙwanƙwasa ƙwalla a cikin Mayu da ƙarshen gurbataccen yanayi a tsakiyar ƙarshen Yuni a lokacin zafin ruwa na akalla 17-18 ° C.

Abubuwan shakatawa a cikin kwafin tafkin na dindindin. Yawancin mutane sun zaɓi wuraren rami mai zurfi don haifuwa, waɗanda suka cika da Elodea, kandami, kibiya da sauran tsirrai. Wani lokacin spawning yakan faru a cikin ƙananan rami, waɗanda ke da dumama kuma suna kusa da waɗanda ke dawwama. Wannan halayyar mutane ne da suka fara kiwo farko.

Takin ƙwayar cuta a cikin wannan nau'in waje ne. Ana sanya Caviar a cikin wani curi a ciki sakamakon gluing na mucous membranes na fuska. Girman dutsen da kwai a cikin tafkin lake shine 1.5-2 mm, kuma na wannan kwai shine 7-8 mm. Rabin rabin kwai ya yi duhu, da ƙaramin fari. Mace ta sanya ƙwai a cikin rabo (150-400 kowannensu) akan tsire-tsire na ruwa, yawanci a zurfin 0.6-1.3 m. Haihuwa itace 1032-6200 ƙwai. Lokacin haɓaka Caviar ya dogara da yanayin dumi da dumama ruwa.

Larvae bayyana a cikin kwanaki 5-9, ci gaba 75-100 kwana. Tadpoles suna da doguwar wutsiya mai tsayi da ke da kyakkyawan karewa. An rarraba abubuwa na waje zuwa jerin lobes. Launin jikin tadpoles mai haske ne rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa. Samu kusan 30 mm a tsawon, tadpoles ya zama kore. Girma zuwa 80-100 mm. Shekarun tsaka-tsalle na girman tafkin tafkin yana daya daga cikin mafi tsawo a cikin tsintsayen marasa zaki. Yana ɗaukar kwanaki 80-90. Amma tadpoles na tafkin tafkin suna girma da sauri fiye da sauran nau'ikan. Mafi kyawun zazzabi ruwa a gare su shine 18-28 ° C. A zafin jiki na 5-6 ° C, haɓakar tadpoles yana tsayawa, kuma a 1-2 ° C sun mutu. Girman lambobin da ke karkashin metamorphosis sun bambanta daga 17-35 mm.

Balagagge a shekara ta 3 na rayuwa.

Kwarowar bakin kogi suna jujjuyawa a ƙasa, yawanci a cikin Wuraren guda ɗaya inda suke zama a cikin lokacin dumi, amma wani lokacin ƙaura zuwa wurare masu zurfi inda akwai maɓallan. Kamar kwaroron ciyawa, suna rayuwa lokacin sanyi a gindin tafkuna, wani lokacin kuma tare hunturu tare, duk da haka, yayin da ake son karin zafi, suna barin hunturu a farkon, a ƙarshen Satumba ko Oktoba, lokacin da ruwan zafin ya sauka zuwa 8-10 ° C. A cikin tafkunan da ba su da daskarewa tare da ruwan dumi (tafkunan-sanyaya na tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Jihar Beloozersk) frogs suna aiki kusan duk hunturu. An sani cewa kwaɗar tafkin tana bayyana bayan hunturu kwanaki 10-30 daga waɗanda suka wuce launin ruwan kasa, amma abubuwan lura da ke kusa da Minsk sun nuna cewa a ƙarshen Maris tana faruwa a ƙarshen ruwan jikinta wanda ya mamaye tare da kwaroron ciyawa.

Cin nasara

Lokacin aikin tafkin yana cike da kwanaki 140 a shekara. Ya danganta da mazaunin maza, wannan nau'in ya shiga cikin ɓarkewa a ƙarshen Satumba - Oktoba, kuma ya farka a cikin Maris-Afrilu. Suna koke-koken juna daban-daban ko a mafi yawan lokuta cikin rukuni, ana binne su a ƙarƙashin tafkuna ko koguna a zurfin da bai wuce mita 0.5 ba.

Frog tare da m ratsi kore - wanene ita?

Idan kuna kamun kifi, to, tabbas, kun kula da ɗumbin tarin kwaɗi a kusa da bakin wata tafki ko kandami. Sau da yawa, a cikin irin waɗannan wuraren akwai ƙwayar rana da ake kira "tafkin". An dauki ta a matsayin mafi girman wakilcin gidan frog a cikin ƙasarmu. Rogan murhun lake tana cikin aji na amarya, tsari - wutsiya.

Abokan gaba

Babban abokan gaba da kwaroron tafki sune herons, ducks din gida kuma da yardar rai zasu ci su, suna kama su daga tafki.

Sauran tsuntsayen za su iya ci kwaɗi da tadpoles - terns, wads, ducks daji. A tsakanin dabbobi masu shayarwa, maharan, tauraro, dawakai, dawakai, da sauransu suke afka musu. Yakamata suji tsoron talakawa da macizai na ruwa. Wasu kifayen, kamar su trout, kuma zasu iya kai wa frogs da tadpoles. Daga cikin abubuwan da ke faruwa, abokan gaban tafkin tafkin su suna iyo kwaro, barkono, larva.

Ta yaya tsintsiyar lake ke nuna hali a cikin yanayin, menene fasali?

Amma game da yanki na zahiri, kusan dukkanin ruwan tsabtace ruwa a kowane yanki (daga hamada zuwa gandun daji na arewacin) sun dace da wannan fatar. A cikin tabkuna, tafkuna da koguna - Frog lake - cikakken mazaunin. Mafi yawan abin yana jan hankali ne ta gaɓoɓin furanni masu kyau, masu cike da wuta, wanda akan sami ciyayi da yawa. Kada ka yi mamakin ganin tarin duka waɗannan halittun a gefen tafki - don kwaroron lake wannan shine abin da ya zama ruwan dare.

Baya ga ratsi mai haske, kwaya kuma tana da ƙananan kalamai masu duhu a cikin jiki

Ya fi son yanayin ruwa mai tsaka-tsaki da yanayi, kodayake akwai lokuta lokacin da waɗannan frogs ɗin suka tsayar da zafin 40 digiri!

Alamar tafkin Lake tana haɓaka ta hanyar aiki: dare da rana. Kamar yawancin danginsu, kwalayen tafkin suna da kwarewa sosai. Wannan karfin yana basu ikon iya boyewa a zahiri a cikin ruwa a yayin hadari.

Me mazaunin tafkin ke ci?

Rogarfin lake yana samun abinci don kansa ko'ina: ruwa da ƙasa. Babban abubuwan da ake amfani da shi na abinci shine tsutsotsi, kwari (kwari, kwari), mollus, ƙananan crustaceans. Amma girman girman rana yana ba shi damar farauta har ma da "danginsa", ƙananan kanana ne. Misali, kwarowar tafkin ba tare da wata ma'ana ba zata iya ɗaukar ɗan itacen tsutsa! Daga cikin abincinsa akwai kuma kananan macizai da beraye, da jarirai, kuma a cikin ruwa wannan maharbin yana iya kama kifi cikin sauƙi. Ta yaya ta yi duk wannan sauƙi? Rogarfin tafkin a sauƙaƙe yana da sauƙin walƙiya, yana godiya a gareshi da harshe mai tsawo wanda tsutsotsi ya sami sauƙi don kansa.

Rogar rana tana cin nasara daidai da ruwa da ƙasa

Abokan gaba na ƙasan tafkin - su wanene?

Wataƙila wannan mazaunin tabkuna da tafkuna ana iya ɗaukar shi sananne ne kamar yadda ake ciyar da wasu dabbobi. Ba ta damu da cin duka biyun na ruwa ba (pikes, perches da sauran kifaye), da kuma mazaunan ƙasar (macizai, macizai, beraye, maɓuɓɓuka, minks, ferrets, weasels, foxes, Wolves, otters), har ma da kifayen tsuntsayen (gulls, ducks, storks, graces, herons, crows da sauransu).