R otan (Perccottus glenii) yana nufin masu tsinkayen tsabtataccen ruwan ruwa na cikin tsinkaye na ciki (Perciformes), a cikinsa ne ya samar da tsararrun nau'ikan halittar “firebrand” (Perccottus). Asalin garin tarihi na taxon shine Gabas mai nisa. Wannan yanayin yanki da waje yana kama da wakilan dangin goby (Gobiidae) sun haifar da kuskuren sunan - Amur goby. Hakanan, a rayuwar yau da kullun, kullun ana kiran kifi ciyawa, Zelenchak, gorlach, gulp, gingerbread rotan ko kawai alamar wuta.
Mene ne rotan: kwatanci da yanki
Saboda yawan cizon sauro, da ɗanɗano mai kyau da kuma mai cike da ƙiba, wannan nau'in kifin da aka yankewa ya zama sanannen kayan wasanni da kamun kifi. Rashin tsayayya da canje-canje kwatsam a cikin zafin jiki, rashin isashshen oxygen, gurbata da ruwa mai tsafta ya sanya wutar wuta zama mazaunin yawancin tafkuna, koguna, tafkuna da wuraren ajiya a yawancin sassan Rasha. Rotan na zaune ne a cikin tafkin Baikal, Volga, Ural, Don, Irtysh, kwandunan Kama, Wuraren yankunan Moscow da Leningrad.
Yanzu rukunin rotan cikin gida tare da wasu yankuna da ba a ke zaune ba sun fito daga kan iyakar Rasha-China (Ussuri, Urgun, Amur) zuwa yankin Kaliningrad, Neman, Narva da Lake Peipsi.
Alamar wasan wuta tana da sauki sosai ta bambanta da sauran wakilan ichthyofauna ta yanayin halinta:
- babban kai (1/3 na tsawon jikin),
- doarshen na biyu ya fi na farkon girma,
- wani zagaye akwati da karar wutsiya mai kyau,
- lokacin farin ciki, sikelin-sized mai sikelin
- babban bakin tare da muƙamula mai zurfi mai zurfi da layuka da dama na ƙananan hakora waɗanda ake sabuntawa lokaci-lokaci,
- karancin ido
- ciki
- launi na yau da kullun a ash kore da sautunan launin ruwan kasa,
- hasken wuta da aibobi da aka bazu ba tare da bata lokaci ba.
Sakamakon kamannin waje, yana da muhimmanci a san bambanci tsakanin rotan da sa. Wajibi ne a kula da ƙashin ƙyallen kai - a saman kai akwai guda biyu, sun yi ƙanana kuma suna da siffar zagaye. A cikin wakilan gobies, wannan sashin haɗin mahaɗin an haɗu tare kuma yana kama da babban kofin tsotsa.
Siffofin hali da abinci mai gina jiki
An nuna Rotan ta ƙananan girman kuma yana jagorantar rayuwar yau da kullun mai tsalle-tsalle, tana manne zuwa ƙasa da mafaka ta halitta (duwatsu, ciyayi, snag). Yawancin kifayen, kifi mai nauyin 200-300 g yawanci ana kama shi.Mutattun rikodin ƙididdigar 400-500 g 5-6 ne ba sa iya cizo. A lokaci guda, matsakaicin adadin rotan ya kai 750-800 g tare da tsawon jikin mutum na 25 cm cm kaɗai ne waɗanda suka yi rayuwarsu gaba ɗaya (shekaru 7-8) cikin yanayin kwanciyar hankali da wadataccen ciyarwa zasu iya fahariya irin waɗannan girma.
Rotan mai aiki ne, mai zafin rai kuma mai fama da yunwa a koda yaushe wanda zai iya rage yawan gaske, wani lokacin kuma ya lalace gabaɗaya, yawan mutanen wasu kifayen da 'yan kifayen, misali, kwaro da sababbi.
Mafi kyawun wurin zama na rotan shine ƙananan tafkuna tare da yanayin tsaye ko sannu a hankali yana gudana da yalwar ciyayi na ruwa. Godiya ga kayan aikin musamman na kwayar halitta da mucous membrane na jiki, kifin ya sami bushewa mai mahimmanci har ma da cikakken daskarewa na kandami, rafi, tasho, tafki.
Tushen abincin abincin da ake ƙone wuta ya haɗa da leeches, tsutsotsi, larvae, ƙananan invertebrates, tadpoles, caviar da ƙananan yara na kifin (bream, kifin, kifin teku, gudgeon, irin kifi na kowa, roach, loach). Bugu da kari, shi mai faɗakarwa ne kuma mai sanannen abu. Latterarshen ingancin na ƙarshe ana ambatonsa a cikin ƙananan tafkuna tare da adadi mai yawa na rotan. Bi da bi, mafi girma abincin kifi a kan ciyawa. Ya danganta da girman da halaye na tafki, zai iya zama perch, pikeperch, pike, burbot ko catfish.
Rotan ya kasance mai aiki kuma yana da matukar amfani a duk shekara, wanda ke ba da damar kama shi a cikin ruwa mai buɗewa da kan kankara. Kifi bai hana cin abinci ba ko da ruwan sama, yanayin iska, matsanancin zafi da sanyi. Abincin da ba zai yuwu ba shine ya ɓace a lokacin tsabtace lokaci.
Godiya ga babbar bakinta da bakin makogwaronta, maharmar tana iya sannu a hankali kuma ta aminta da hadadden kalar diamita daya da jikinta. A wannan yanayin, ciki yana girma sosai a cikin girman, kuma ciki ya fara yin rauni. Sannan kifin da ke da ƙoshin abinci ya nutse har ƙasa, ya sami ingantaccen tsari kuma ya digo abinci na tsawon kwanaki, ya rage kusan babu motsi.
Kiwo
Balagagge na rotan yana faruwa a cikin shekaru 2-3. Ciyarwa tana faruwa a watan Afrilu-Mayu a zazzabi na ruwa na + 15-18 ° C. Chosenarancin ruwa mai tsire-tsire mai ɗimbin yawa ko daskararren yadudduka an zaɓa azaman filaye ne, wanda akan sa mata rotan mata da dama har da layuka masu tsawo da m ƙwaya tare da diamita na 1.3-1.5 mm. Dakyarwa tsakanin clutches shine makonni 2-3. A cikin lokaci ɗaya, kowace mace tana iya ba da rayuwa don 800-1000 soya.
A lokacin kiwo, maza sun sami launi baki wanda ya dace, wanda ya sa nau'in ya karɓi suna "firebrand". Nan da nan bayan sun yanke hukunci, suna kulawa da zuriyar da zasu zo nan gaba, suna kiyaye masarar da ke kewaye da agogo kuma suna jingina shi da ƙwanƙwasa don haɓakar oxygen. Lardin Rotan ya kasance lafiyayyen baki daya, wanda ke kyankyasai daga qwai bayan kwanaki 4-5 kuma nan da nan ya canza zuwa ciyarwa akan zooplankton. A lokaci guda, dafaffen fyaɗe ya riga ya zama abincin abincin mahaifansa, saboda haka yana ɓoye amintacce a cikin ciyayi mai yawa daga dangi da sauran kifayen.
Kamawa akeyi
Theabilar ciyawa sun fi son yanki mai rairayin bakin teku tare da babban adadin toya, ƙananan crustaceans, amphibians, da ƙananan larvae, waɗanda ke zama tushen tushen wadatar abinci. A irin wannan yanayin, kamun kifi a kan wani tsauni mai tsayi donki ba makawa bane saboda yawan maimaitawa. A cikin ruwa mara buɗe, dumi, mafi kyawun maganin rotan zai zama sanda mai kamun kifi.
A cikin bazara, kaka da ranakun rani mai cike da ruwa, walƙiya mai walƙiya, alal misali microjig, yana nuna kansa sosai. Hakanan, don kamawa mai natsuwa da daidaitaccen babban rattan, zergel ko donka daga kwalban ya dace. A lokacin sanyi, ana kama kifi daga ƙarƙashin kankara ta hanyar ƙarar ruwa ko sanda mai kamun kifi.
Zabin zabi
Gluttony da omnivorous jinsunan yanke shawara mai yawa zaɓi na nozzles na dabba dabba. Rotan kifayen rogers yana da kyau a kan:
- yawo, ƙasa da tsutsa,
- magudanan jini, maggots, kwari kudanda,
- naman katantanwa, mollusks, amphibians,
- karamin gidan abinci,
- wucin gadi
Sau da yawa ana kama ɗan kama nama don nama da naman kaza, yanka da naman sa da man alade, yanki na sabon kifi. Irin wannan nau'in koto yana ba ku damar mai da hankali kan kama ɗan maƙarƙashiya kuma a zahiri yana lalata yiwuwar cizon nau'in ƙwayoyin kifaye: irin kifin carc, roach, rudd, da sauransu. A cikin wuraren da ake jujjuyawar abinci, rotan na iya sanya peck a wasu tukwici na shuka (gyada, gurasa, masara, kullu).
Asalin gani da kwatancin
Da farko, kifayen rattan sun rayu a Kogin Amur, kuma daga baya sun bayyana a cikin tafkuna na ruwa tare da ruwa mai tsafta. Ba a san ainihin asalin asalin ba, akwai jita-jita game da rarraba maharbin. Da farko, shi kifin kifin ruwa ne da aka kawo daga Indiya. Tana da kyau sosai kuma baza a iya fassara ta ba, an sake buga ta sosai a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da ƙarancin rigging. Sun kira ta da bijimin Amur.
Masu binciken lafiyar dabbobi sun yanke shawarar gudanar da wani gwaji don tantance matsayin ciyar da jinsin, sai suka saki wani bangare na murhu a cikin tafkin na Moscow. Mutanen sun yi kyau sosai kuma sun mamaye tafkin. Daga baya kuma suka fara fadada fannonin su, suna zabar ciyawa tare da ruwa mai tsafta.
Rarraba a cikin yankunan Moscow da Leningrad. A hankali, kifin rattan ya mamaye kogunan ƙasashen Turai, sabbin jikin ruwan Russia. An yaɗu sosai a Gabas ta Tsakiya.
Sun kira wutar wuta saboda abubuwan fasalin. Kashi na uku na jiki yana dauke da kai. Bakin yana da girma tare da haƙoran haƙora da ake sabunta su lokaci-lokaci. Eyesanan idanu sun zuba ido. Gangan Sharp yana ba ku damar amsa sauri don ganima. A waje ya yi kama da maraƙi, amma ya kasance na dangin gobara ne. Masunta a cikin da ba su san abin da ratan yayi kama da shi ba sa ne.
Bayyanar fasali da fasali
Jiki yayi yawa da gajarta. Sikeli ba su haske. Abubuwan launi suna bambanta. Launi ya dogara da haske da launi na ƙasan tafkin da suke zaune. Grey-kore da inuwa mai launin shuɗi sun fi yawa. Tsari a cikin nau'i na ratsi da aibobi na siffofi daban-daban. Baƙuwar launin toka ne. A lokacin yin tsami, jikin mazan yayi baƙi, don haka waɗanda basu san abin da ratan yayi kama da shi suna ɗaukar wani nau'in kifi bane.
A kan murfin gill akwai laushi mai laushi, an juya baya. Fayoyin an nuna su da launi na jiki, aman. Gabanta ya fi gaban girma. Udashin Caudal da pectoral suna da nau'i mai zagaye. Abdominal small, hade, wanda ke gefen kai.
Matsakaicin girman mutum shine 14-25 cm, amma wannan shugaban da wuya ya kai wannan tsawon. Matsakaicin lokacin rayuwa shine shekaru 4-5, amma a cikin kyakkyawan yanayi yana rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 7. Weight 350-400 g Kifi yana da matukar wuya. Suna tsayayya da daskarewa da kandami zuwa gindin, bushewar su, rashin isashshen sunadarin oxygen, turba da gurbata ruwa.
Ina Rotan yake zaune?
Ba shi da ma'anar rayuwa da abinci mai gina jiki, amma ya fi son ambaliyar koguna tare da ciyayi, tsoffin mata, tafkuna tare da ruwa mai tsafta. Ya mai da hankali game da kwararar, yana ƙoƙarin kada ya iyo kusa da inda yake.
Da farko, ana yin rikodin nau'in a cikin Tsarin Gabas na Federationungiyar Rasha, arewa maso gabashin China, yankin Amur, da arewacin Koriya ta Arewa. Daga baya suka zaunar da Baikal da wuraren ajiya na St. Petersburg, inda aka sake shi da gangan.
Yanzu ana lura da wasan wuta a Arewacin Eurasia, rafin kogin Danube, Dnieper, Volga, Don, Dniester, a cikin mafi yawan wuraren ajiya na Rasha. Waterfowl yana ba da gudummawa ga faɗaɗa yawan jama'a. Suna ɗaukar qwai sunkai ga pawsansu tsawon nesa.
Menene ratan ke ci?
Tadpoles suna cin zooplankton. Yaran da suka manyanta suna cinye benthos da invertebrates. Mutane manya sun ci soya, tadpoles na amphibians, larvae kwari, sababbi da ƙananan kifi. Suna da ikon cin ban ƙaramin fentin wuta kuma soyayensu, cin naman mutane yaɗu. A cikin kananan tafkunan, kifayen rattan su ke haifar da kyau kuma sun lalata sauran nau'in kifayen.
Masana kimiyya suna kiran rotan a kwaro, saboda yana dacewa da kyau sosai a cikin kowane tafasasshen ruwa. Yana da sauri yana hallaka yawancin sauran nau'in kifaye a yankin idan babu manyan karnukan makiyaya.
Tana cike da shaye-shaye. Kada ku manta da leeches, earthworms, caviar da kwari. Ba za a iya ci minced nama, haɗiye haɗiye na koto. A wani lokaci, yana cin abinci mai yawa, don haka hanjin sa yana ƙaruwa sau 3. Zai iya cin ƙananan kifin 2-3 har zuwa tsawon cm 4 a kowace rana. Abu ne mai sauƙi idan za a kama ratan tare da sandan kamun kifi, ɗaɗɗaya na man alade ko ɗanɗano nama a ƙugiya.
Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa
Rotan baya nema akan zafin jiki. Yana jin girma cikin ruwa a zazzabi na + 3⁰ - + 40⁰. An ba da izinin ajiyewa a cikin akwatin kifaye. Don cikakken haɓaka yana buƙatar lita 10 na ruwa kowane mutum. A cikin yanayin mutum, kifi yana da launi mai haske saboda kyawun haske. An bada shawara don ba da mafaka da ciyayi da yawa.
Yayin farauta, sai yayi shuru cikin ruwa, yana matsowa wanda abin ya shafa. Lokacin da kusan 10 cm ya kasance har zuwa maƙasudin, maharbin ya yi baƙar magana kuma ya haɗiye ganima ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba. Wanda aka cutar ba shi da lokacin da zai nisanta da shi, saboda bai lura da yanayin da ya dace ba. Ciyawar ciyawa ta fi son wadataccen ciyayi, wanda ke haifar da wahalar kamun kifi. Abubuwan da aka sauƙaƙe za a iya ɗaure su cikin laka da snags.
Kuna iya kamawa a kan kamun kifi da zubewa a kowane zurfi, gami da cikin ruwa mara zurfi, inda tushe a bayyane yake bayyane. Mai farautar yana da wahala a iya tabo shi. Kuna iya ƙayyade kasancewarsa ta hanyar jefa inuwa zuwa ƙasan.
Idan ba a samar da koto na yau da kullun ba, za a yi amfani da macizai masu kama da tsutsotsi kuma su soya. An bada shawara don zaɓar ɗiya daga roba mai cin abinci, kamar yadda kifi a lokacin farauta ya mayar da hankali ga ɗanɗanar abin farauta.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Individualsan shekaru biyu suna shirye don kiwo. Iyaye mata masu iya yin huɗa dabaru suna da ikon kaiwa tsawon 7 cm. Shugaban ya tsinke a watan Mayu-Yuni, inda ake zaɓar wuraren da ke da ciyayi mai tsayi. A cikin maza, sashen na kai yana jujjuya jiki, jikin ya yi fari. Largeaya daga cikin manyan mata ta haɗiye ƙwai 100 zuwa dubu 1.
An haɗa masonry akan abubuwa daban-daban da tsire-tsire daban daban. Qwai suna daure, da kafaffun kafaffun, na iya tsayawa zuwa kasan, suna jingina da datti na gida wanda ya zaunar a ƙasa.
Namiji yakan kula da ƙwai har zuwa lokacin da tadpoles ɗin ke haɓaka. Sannan ya canza ra'ayinsa game da zuriya, ya zama abun farauta. Don tsira, tadpoles an tilasta shi don ɓoye a cikin algae da tsakanin abubuwa daban-daban a ƙasa. Mai soya yana cin abinci abincin asalin dabbobi kawai, yayin da mutum yayi girma, girman kayan ganima yana ƙaruwa.
Abokan halitta na Rotans
Kifi na da iko akan komai, saboda haka ana iya saurin kamuwa da cututtukan fata. Duk nau'in helminths suna zaune a cikin jiki, suna rage tsammanin rayuwa. Babban haɗarin yana wakiltar manyan masu farauta, girman da ke ba da izinin farauta don rotan da rage lambarta. Babban abokan gaba sune perch, catfish da pike.
Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu
An yi la'akari da kifin Rotan mai ban dariya ne saboda yana ƙaruwa sosai da sauri kuma yana ɗora sauran kifayen, gami da nau'ikan kima. A wasu wuraren ajiyar ruwa, ana sanya matsayin "Tsarin Halittar ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar rotan". An yanke shawarar rage yawan jama'arta ta hanyar kama kifin manya a wuraren da aka wuce gona da iri don baiwa kwastomomi mahimmanci su dawo.
Shin kifi ne mai tsinkayewa
Kifin Rotan ba ya kai hari ga manyan samfurori, saboda haka yana da wuya a kira shi daɗaɗɗen magabci wanda ke lalata komai a jere. Yawan adadin kifin carp, carp da sauran kifayen an rage saboda cin caviar da soya.
Ciyawar tana da amfani da cutarwa a lokaci guda. Ita ɗan farauta ne mai aiki dangane da ƙananan kifaye, na iya halakar da duk nau'in halittu. Yawan mutane a cikin tafki yana raguwa, kifi mai tsira yana samun abinci mai gina jiki, ya girma.
Ku ɗanɗani kaddarorin rotan, yana yiwuwa a ci
Dayawa suna mamakin yadda ciyawar ke kasancewa mai yalwa ce ko a'a. Kwararrun masana abinci na jin dadi saboda shi. Ana stewed, a soyayye, a dafa shi a bushe. Kusan babu ƙasusuwa a jikin gawa, ana samun sauƙin tsabtace ta daga sikeli. An cire Offal ta hanyar yin duri a ciki tare da kai. Gaske nama yana da dadi.
Ana cire kasusuwa yawanci yayin cin abinci. Ba shi da amfani a share karamin gawa daga kasusuwa.
An dafa nama yana da farin launi mai haske-ruwan hoda da ɗanɗano mai laushi. Akwai ƙananan kasusuwa kaɗan, don haka kifin cikakke ne don garken nama da abincin gwangwani. Abincin mai kyau yana narkewa sosai. 100 g ya ƙunshi adadin kuzari 88. Kifi yana da furotin mai yawa, bitamin A, E da D, haka kuma bromine, baƙin ƙarfe, jan ƙarfe, manganese, potassium da magnesium.
Abincin abinci na Rotan
Ruwan wuta na wuta An zaɓi manyan samfurori. Za a iya yanka gawawwakin a yanki, amma zai fi kyau a soya gabbai. Juya kifi da kyau a cikin gari kuma toya a garesu har sai launin ruwan kasa. Yi amfani da kayan lambu ko man shanu. Don yin kintsattse, mintuna 5 kafin ƙarshen dafa abinci, an rufe kwanon rufi tare da murfi.
Omelet daga murhun wuta. An yanke gawawwakin gawawwakin gunduwa-gunduwa, a saka a cikin kwanon rufi. Beat qwai da madara. Sakamakon cakuda da aka zubar an sanya shi a cikin kwanon rufi. Zaku iya daɗaɗa albasarta yankakken kore da sauran ganye a cikin ƙawarku. An shirya su a cikin hanyar kamar omelet na al'ada tare da murfin rufe.
Kifi a karkashin marinade. An dafa gawawwakin a cikin ruwan gishiri har sai daɗaɗa.Rarrabe kasusuwa ta ninka nama a cikin kwano mai zurfi. Shirya marinade. Finely sara da albasa, 2 karas rub a kan grater. Ana canza kayan lambu zuwa kwanon soya da sautéed, manna tumatir, kimanin 3-4 tablespoons, da 1 tablespoon na vinegar, an ƙara kayan yaji a gare su. Fillet an zuba tare da marinade, bar shi daga tsawon sa'o'i. Ya dace kamar abincin ciwan sanyi.
Salatin kifi tare da kwai da kokwamba. Carcasses ana dafa shi ko stewed har sai an dafa shi. An yanke shi cikin gunduwa-gunduwa, raba kasusuwa, an murƙushe shi da cokali mai yatsa. Add yan yankakken kwai yankakken yankakken kokwamba a cikin naman minced. Sanye da mayonnaise ko miya ta musamman. Don miya shan mustard, man kayan lambu, gishiri kadan, saka barkono a nufin.
Miyan miya. A cikin kwanon rufi tare da ruwan sanyi, sara da dankali da karas cikin cubes. A cikin ruwan da aka tafasa, zai fi kyau ƙara ƙara dill da faski maimakon sabo ganye. Damu bay, barkono baki da lemu. An shirya kayan kifayen da aka shirya wa kwanson miya da dafa abinci na mintina 20. A cikin kwanar da aka gama, zaka iya ƙara man shanu da kirim mai tsami.
Kunnen. Gawar gawawwakin, turnips, karas, faski da tushen seleri, albasa matsakaici, ganyen bay, barkono baƙar fata ana saka su cikin tukunyar sanyi tare da ruwan sanyi. Bayan tafasa ƙara dankali, a yanka a cikin cubes. Cook kusan minti 60. A gama tasa aka yayyafa tare da yankakken faski da Dill.
Kunnuwa na kifi. Belarusian dumplings ana kiransu kunnuwa. Yi minced kifi daga pre-Boiled kifi. Soya albasa. Add 1 kofin Boiled namomin kaza, albasa zuwa minced nama. Safar hannu, kara gishiri da kuma cakuda. Sakamakon cikawa ana amfani dashi don cika abubuwan murƙushewa.
Roasting a cikin tanda. Gawarwakin da aka shirya ba tare da an shafa masa kai ba da ɗan gishiri kaɗan. Bari su dage kan sallar. Wanke daga gishiri da kuma tsoma a cikin tawul takarda. Preheat tanda zuwa 200⁰. An zuba man kayan lambu a cikin kwanon gilashin giya, ya shimfiɗa wani bakin ciki a ƙasa. Sun sanya kifin, sun rufe shi da mai kayan lambu a saman, don kifin bai bushe ba kuma bai ƙone ba. Tare da rufewa da gasa na minti 30-40. Sannan a cire tsare kuma a gasa har sai launin zinare na kimanin minti 10.
Ana ɗaukar alamar gobara a matsayin kifi na duniya. Daga gare ta zaku iya dafa kusan kowane tasa: meatballs, casseroles, kifin gwangwani da kayan alade. Akwai girke-girke da yawa don ƙwararrun chefs da waɗanda ba su san yadda ake dafa rattan ba. An haɗo kifin tare da tasa gefen, ana iya amfani dashi azaman dafaffen hutu mai zaman kanta.
Shin kuna da ainihin CATCH CARCH?
Yaushe ne lokacin da kuka taɓa samun mutane da yawa na KYAU pikes / carps / fata?
Koyaushe muna son samun sakamakon daga kamun kifi - don kamawa ba sau uku ba, amma dozin kilogram na kilo - wannan shine kama! Kowannenmu yayi mafarkin wannan, amma ba kowa bane yasan yadda.
Ana iya samun kyakkyawan kama (kuma mun san wannan) godiya ga ƙararrawa mai kyau.
Ana iya shirya shi a gida, zaka iya siyarwa a shagunan kamun kifi. Amma a cikin kantuna yana da tsada, kuma don dafa koto a gida, kuna buƙatar ciyar da lokaci mai yawa, kuma, daidai ne, nesa da kullun gida yana aiki sosai.
Shin kun san rashin jin daɗin lokacin da kuka sayi koto ko dafa shi a gida kuma kun sami ɓarna uku ko huɗu?
Don haka watakila lokaci ya yi da za a yi amfani da samfurin aiki na gaske, wanda ya tabbatar da ingancin kimiyya da aikace-aikace akan koguna da tafkunan Rasha?
Tabbas, ya fi kyau a gwada sau ɗaya fiye da jin sau dubu. Musamman yanzu - kakar kanta! Rage 50% lokacin odar shine babban kyauta!
Mene ne rotan yayi kama kuma a ina aka samo shi?
Rotan shine ɗayan nau'ikan kifaye masu fila-ray a cikin sararin samaniya Eurasi. Na gidan Goloveshkov ne, saboda haka ɗayan sunayen sune wutar. A cikin daji, akwai nau'ikan rotan guda uku, amma a cikin ɗakunan ajiya na Rasha da ƙasashen CIS akwai ɗan ciyawa guda ɗaya, wanda galibi ana kiran sa bijimin Amur ga wasu kamanceceniya da bayyanar.
Yanayin tsinkaye
Duk da girmanta, rotan dattijo ne mai aiki, wanda yake iya kawar da dukkan abubuwa masu rai da suke zuwa. Saboda haka, ga masu shayarwa da yawa, ya zama matsala ta gaske. Tabbas, a cikin jerin abubuwan zaɓi na gastronomic don rotan, caviar da soya suna cikin farkon. Gaskiya ne, don irin wannan babban kifi kamar pike da perch, ƙyamar wuta ta zama ganima, wacce masunta ke amfani da ita lokacin da suka kama babban kifin na ƙarancin giyar.
Alamun waje
Bayyanar ƙyamar wuta ba ta da daɗi, amma zaku iya gane kifin nan da nan ta fasalin halaye masu zuwa:
- Girma. Ciyawar ciyawa ba babba: tsawon mutanen da suke da abinci mai kyau ya kai 15-25 cm, kuma nauyin manyan mutane baya wuce 0.5 kilogiram.
- Abun da ake tsammani na rayuwa shima ya dogara ne akan yanayin rayuwa. A mafi yawancin lokuta, kifin yana rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 4-5, amma akwai masu dadewa waɗanda shekarunsu shekaru 7 ne.
- Shugaban shine mafi yawan sassan jikin mutum. Ya kasance babba ne dangane da jiki; bakin rotan yayi kama da bakin maharbin, wanda ya lullube da layuka da dama amma hakora masu kaifi.
- Jiki yana da kauri da gajeru, an lullube shi da sikeli mara nauyi Shugaban yana canza launi dangane da yanayin muhalli. Amma har yanzu rinjaye launin ruwan kasa, kore da launin toka saututtuka da ƙananan aibobi da ratsi.
Habitat
Rotan tana jure yanayin matsanancin rayuwa. Shi wani nau'in Harry Houdini ne na masarautar karkashin ruwa. A wuraren da sauran mutanen da suke shan ruwa ba su mutu cikin fakitoci ba, rotan yana jin daɗi. Misali, yana dacewa da yanayin rashin ruwa mai dauke da iskar oxygen, yana jin dadi sosai a cikin ramuka da fadama, kuma yana sanya kwanciyar hankali a gida ko da najasa ne. Haka kuma, wannan kifin an kamu da shi musamman ga ruwa mai lalatar ruwa.
A cikin tsananin sanyi, rotan ba ya mutu, koda kuwa yana daskarewa zuwa saman murfin kankara wanda ke rufe koguna a cikin hunturu. Firebrand yana ƙaunar tafkuna a inda babu masu fafatawa. A irin wa annan wurare, kifayen na da cikakken tsaro. Sabili da haka, a cikin ƙananan kwantena na ruwa tare da ruwa mai tsafta, rotan yana haɓaka sosai da sauri. Yankin ruwan ruwa mai ɗan gishiri da bushewar koguna ba su lalata rayuwarsa. Iyakar abin da ke kawo cikas ga zaman lafiyar wannan wutar ita ce makiya da yawa, wanda shi da kansa ganima mai dadi ne.
Yankunan rarraba
Rotan - ɗan asalin kogin Amur, daga nan ya zo ɗaya daga cikin sunayensa - Amur goby. Daga yankin da ke gabas, kifi ya fara yaduwa zuwa sauran sassan duniya. Yaduwar wannan mazaunin ruwa mai zurfi shine yunƙurin sakin wannan kifin a cikin tashoshin jiragen ruwa na St. Petersburg a cikin 1916. A yau, yawan rotan shine mafi girma. Wannan nau'in kifaye mai haske suna zama a cikin kwarin kusan dukkan kogunan Turai; ana samunsa a cikin kogunan Ob, Irtysh, da Ural. Wuraren ajiya na China da Koriya kuma ana cikin jerin manyan wuraren da wannan mazaunin kogin ya kasance.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Kamar yadda aka fada a baya, rotan bai san ma'aunin abinci ba. Abincinsa koyaushe yana matakin babban mataki, saboda haka lokuta na cin naman mutane sukan zama a cikin sahun sauran 'yan uwanmu kabilu. Tabbas, irin wannan yankin yakan zama mummunan ga sauran ƙananan mazaunan koguna da tafkuna. Hakanan, an sanya leeches, caviar na wasu kifi, da tadpoles a cikin abincin ciyawa.
Menene banbanci tsakanin rotan da sa?
- Mahalli shine babban bambanci tsakanin rotan da sa. Tako, mazaunin ruwa ne na ruwa, a wasu lokuta kifi ne kawai yake iya fita daga koguna zuwa cikin ruwa. Gobies, akasin haka, koyaushe suna rayuwa cikin ruwan gishiri ko kuma ruwan gishiri kaɗan, kodayake suna iya sauƙin yanayin wurin ruwa.
- Fitowar waɗannan kifayen biyu ma sun sha bamban sosai: rotan yana da babban kai da bakin. A cikin sa, waɗannan sassan jikin suna da matsakaicin girma, sabili da haka kada suyi kama da tsoratarwa.
- Jikin jikin bijimin yana da zagaye, jikin ya lalace a gaban wutsiya. Jikin rotan ya birge ta a gefenta.
- Kamannin waɗannan mazaunan biyun iri ɗaya ne - suna cikin ɓangaren rukuni na kifayen da ke cike da kima, saboda haka wakilan biyu suna da ƙyallen ƙone biyu. Amma a cikin ciyawa, kusan iri ɗaya ne, kuma a cikin goby, fin fin ya fi gaban girma.
- Fashin ƙoshin ciki na gobies sun haɗu tare kuma suna kama da kofin tsotsa. Wutar da tayi akan ciki ana hade su da ƙima.
Abun ciki da adadin kuzari
Naman rotan yana da dusar ƙanƙara fari, tare da dandano mai ɗanɗano, ɗanɗano kaɗan. Wannan samfurin abinci yana biyan duk bukatun ingancin. Amma abun da ke ciki na samfurin kifin ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman. A cikin rabo daga kifi, nicotinic acid (bitamin PP) yana ƙunshe da yawa. Bayan wannan bangaren mai aiki, samfurin kuma ya qunshi:
- Bitamin A da D
- sauƙaƙe digiri masu narkewa
- omega acid
- duk hadaddun aminoxylot,
- tocopherol ko bitamin E
Kuma abubuwan ma'adinai: molybdenum, zinc, sulfur, nickel, chromium da kuma duk wani gungun ma'adanai da jikin dan adam ke bukata.
Na dabam, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa abun da ke cikin naman rotan shine madaidaicin daidaitaccen tsari mai ma'ana waɗanda a cikin hadaddun tsarin suna da tasirin gaske akan hanya kusan dukkanin hanyoyin ƙirar sunadarai.
Amma babban darajar samfurin kifin shine ƙarancin adadin kuzari. Darajar abinci mai nauyin gram 100 na naman da aka dafa ne kawai 88 kcal. Tabbas, wannan mai nuna alama zai zama mafi girma ga kifi mai soyayyen, amma ba sosai ba don ƙin daɗin daɗin abinci ko da asarar nauyi. Gaskiyar ita ce naman naman da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin abinci yana narkewa da sauri ta tsarin narkewa, saboda haka jiki ba shi da lokaci don ajiye ƙyallen a nan gaba.
Babban fa'ida
Masana ilimin abinci suna ba da shawarar naman wannan ƙaramar maƙarƙashiya a cikin lokacin dawo da su bayan an gudanar da aiki, sunadarai da cututtuka na dogon lokaci. Irin wannan abincin mai kifi yana taimakawa tare da yanayin masu zuwa:
- jiki
- karancin bitamin
- narkewar cuta
- ya raunana rigakafi
- cutarwa ta thyroid,
- rikicewar hormonal
- anemia
- rage gani da cutar ido,
- matsaloli potency a cikin maza
- ciki da damuwa cuta,
- ciwon zuciya
- tabarbarewar zuciya.
Haɓaka kayan dafa abinci na ratan a cikin abincin zai taimaka wajen ƙarfafa lafiyar manya da ma yara ƙanana. Abubuwan cin abinci mai sauƙin dafa abinci masu sauƙi da kayan ciye-ciye masu sauƙi zasu zama kyawawan abubuwa, kuma mafi mahimmanci, ƙari mai rahusa ga tsarin iyali. Yi la'akari da fa'idar hada wannan kifin na kogin a cikin gungun mutane daban-daban.
Ga mata
Tabbas, ga mafi yawan wakilan rabin adalci, babban aikin shine don adana ire-iren siffofin. Idan rotan ya sami wuri mai dacewa a cikin abincin mace na kowane zamani, zaku iya kula da lafiyar jiki mafi kyau duka shekaru. Bugu da kari, samfurin kifi ya ƙunshi amino acid da yawa waɗanda ke tsara hanyoyin aiwatar da aiki da ƙwayoyin cuta. A lokacin haila, wannan kayan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga mata. Omega acid da abubuwan ma'adinai zasu inganta yanayin fata da gashi, tare da ƙarfafa kusoshi. A wata kalma, ciyawa itace samfuri mai amfani sosai ba kawai ga lafiyar mata ba, har ma don kyakkyawan bayyanar.
A lokacin daukar ciki
Yayin gestation, mata dole ne su haɗa kifi a cikin abincin. Daidaitaccen ma'aunin naman ɗan naman ya dace da ciyar da iyayen mata masu fata idan kun dafa a cikin tanda da steamed. Za a iya cinye kifin mai bushewa lokaci-lokaci idan babu edema. Rotan zai samar da jikin mahaifiyar da tayin da ke tare da duk wasu abubuwan da ake bukata. Musamman abubuwa masu mahimmanci ga lafiyar ɗan da ba a haifa ba sune hadaddun bitamin da ma'adinai waɗanda ke tattare da samuwar kasusuwa, hakora, da kwakwalwa. Masana kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa matan da ke cin kifi a kai a kai yayin da suke da ƙarancin haihuwa ba su da yara masu ƙarancin ci gaba.
Lokacin shayarwa
Duk wani kifi yana da amfani ga lactate mata, tunda abun da ke tattare da irin waɗannan samfuran yana ƙara lactation. Naman ratan mai rahusa zai iya zama tushen abinci mai gina jiki ga uwaye yayin tsawan lokacin shayarwa. Yaron, tare da madara mai nono, zai karɓi duk abubuwan da suke buƙata don cikakkiyar haɓaka ta jiki da ta kwakwalwa. Amma mafi mahimmancin amfani da samfuran kifi shine cewa sun ƙunshi bitamin D, rashi wanda ke haifar da kwayar cuta a yara. Ba sai an fada ba cewa ya kamata mata masu shayarwa su zabi hanyar tururi na shirya abincin kifi ko gasa nama a cikin tanda. Zai fi kyau ka rabu da amfani da busasshen kifi da salted na ɗan lokaci.
Ga yara
Kifi yana da muhimmiyar rawa a cikin abincin yara ƙanana.
- Yin amfani da jita-jita na yau da kullun ta hanyar hanya mai laushi zai zama ingantaccen rigakafin rickets.
- Irin wannan abincin yana taimakawa ƙarfafa hakora da ƙashi, yana kunna kwakwalwa a cikin yaro, wanda hakan zai iya tasiri tasirin iliminsa a gaba.
- Dole ne mu manta cewa abubuwan da ke cikin kifin ƙoshin kifaye suna daidaita ƙwayar thyroid, daidaita tsarin jini da bayar da gudummawa ga samar da haɓakar hormone.
Sabili da haka, idan jaririn ba shi da rashin lafiyar kayan samfuran kifi, rotan ya dace da abinci mai gina jiki a farkon shekarun rayuwa. Amma kan aiwatar da shirya abinci ga yaro, dole ne mutum ya manta cewa mazaunan ruwa a cikin ruwa sune manyan masu ɗaukar ruwa. Saboda haka, kifin dole ne a sarrafa shi sosai kuma a bi shi da magani mai zafi.
Lura: Haramun ne a baiwa yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 5 da haihuwa, tunda kifi mai gishiri yana ba da ƙarin nauyi a kodan.
Lokacin rasa nauyi
Mutanen da suke da kiba sosai ba lallai ne su canza daga kayayyakin masu kalori zuwa kifi ba. Rotan ya dace don rawar abinci na asali. Bayan haka, nauyin 100 na gram na kayan ƙoshin kifi yana ba da jin daɗin jin dadi, kuma ƙimar abinci na irin wannan tasa ba ta wuce raka'a 100. Abubuwan da ke cikin kalori a cikin miya mai ɗan ciyawa har ma da ƙananan. Ganin yadda aka daidaita daidaituwar samfurin kifin, yayin aiwatar da nauyi, jiki bazai sha wahala daga rashin abinci mai gina jiki.
Cmta da contraindications
Babu cikakkiyar contraindications ga yin amfani da rotan. Likitoci da masana harkar abinci gaba ɗaya sun amince da fa'idodin wannan ƙananan kifin. Sabili da haka, idan babu haƙuri ga kayan kifi, zaku iya dafa kowane jita daga wannan mazaunin ruwa.
Gaskiya ne, akwai wani tsari wanda bai kamata a yi sakaci ba: rotan ba ya nema kan tsarkin ruwa, sabili da haka masunta suna kama shi a cikin magudanar ruwa da tafkunan shara. Sabili da haka, kafin siyan kifi, yana da kyau a ƙayyade wurin da aka kama shi.
Yadda zaka zabi kuma adanawa
Rotan ba nau'in kasuwanci ne na kifi ba, saboda haka ba shi yiwuwa a siya shi a cikin shago na yau da kullun. Irin waɗannan samfuran yakamata a saya daga abokan da suke son kamun kifi. Kuma mafi kyawun abin dogaro shine a sami mai kamun kifi a cikin da'irar ciki. Amma ko da tare da abokai na kirki, kuna buƙatar siyan irin wannan samfurin bayan kimanta sigogi da yawa:
- Kifi dole ne sabo. Ba shi da wuya a tantance ta idanu: kada su yi girgije, da sikelin sabo kifayen suna da mm.
- Ellanshi. Kifi mai ruwan sanyi, koda da sabo ne, na iya jin warin kamar laka. Amma yawanci wannan ƙanshin ba shi da ƙarfi, kuma bayan sarrafa shi ya ɓace. Idan ƙanshi na ƙasan waje yana cikin wari, zai fi kyau kada kuyi amfani da irin wannan kifi don dafa abinci.
- Gawar rotan ta kasance ba tare da alamun lalacewa ba; ya kamata a sami gamsai a kansa.
Dokokin ajiya
Duk wani kifin ruwan wanka dole ne a yanke shi nan da nan, watau, a wanke, an cire ƙasusuwa, a dafa don ajiya. Tabbas, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da irin wannan samfurin lalacewa a duka don dafa abinci. Amma tare da babban kama, zaka iya ajiye takamaiman adadin samfuran kifaye:
- Haɓaka ƙananan samfurori ta hanyar abincin nama, kuma aika minced naman a cikin injin daskarewa don ajiya. Tare da wannan hanyar ajiya, samfurin ba zai lalata ba har sai watanni 2.
- Manyan mutane dole ne a kasu kashi biyu da gishiri kaɗan. A lokacin da chilled, kifin ba zai deteriorate na kwanaki 2.
- Hakanan zaka iya yankan kifi ko saka a cikin marinade. Amma rayuwar shiryayye na irin waɗannan samfuran an kuma iyakance zuwa makonni 2.
- Kifi mai bushe zai daɗe mafi tsawo.
Batu mai mahimmanci! Rotan kifi ne mai matukar da hankali. Idan bayan kama shi ya zama ba a ɗaure shi ba aƙalla ,an awanni, wannan yana barazanar asarar ɗanɗano. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a dafa abincin wuta nan da nan bayan kamun kifi.
Yadda za a tsaftace kuma a yanka rotan
Kamewa bai bambanta da sarrafa sauran kogi ko kifin lake ba. Amma la'akari da rayuwar kifin, dole ne a wanke gawa a ƙarƙashin ruwa, sannan a tsoma shi cikin ruwan sanyi na awanni da yawa. Wannan hanya mai sauƙi tana hana warin mara dadi da laka. Amma kafin hakan, ya kamata ka yi wadannan:
- Cire Sikeli tare da wuka mai kaifi.
- A hankali a yanka ciki don cire insides. Idan kana son cire kasusuwa, to wannan ma yana buƙatar yin shi a matakin farko na shirye-shiryen.
- Cire kai da ƙusoshin.
- Manyan samfurori sun gutsuttsure.
- Kurkura kuma bushe.
Additionarin bayani mai mahimmanci: Lokacin da ake cikin zafin rana, ƙasusuwan rotan sun zama masu taushi har kwanon kifi ya zama mai lafiya ko da abincin jariri.
Yadda ake dafa rotan mai daɗi: girke-girke
A cikin maganganun na dafuwa, ana daukar ciyawa a matsayin samfurin kifi na duniya, wanda shine dalilin da yasa darajar wannan kifin ta ninka har sau 2. Daga wannan ƙananan ƙananan kifi za ku iya dafa:
- salati mai haske
- miyan abinci da sauran karatuttukan farko,
- abincin gwangwani na gida
- qwai
- casserole
- cutlets
- toppings don abin pies,
- stewed da soyayyen jita-jita.
Farare tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda, naman wuta yana da tsari mai laushi; manyan ƙasusuwa basa nan a ciki. Koyaya, cire su baya haifar da matsaloli. Kwancen kwandon dafaffen kifi suna da tabbacin cewa soyayyen rotan ya fi dacewa da ɗanɗano har ma da irin kifin teku, wanda ake ɗauka a matsayin "madaidaici" na ɗanɗanar kifin. Munyi bayanin wasu daga cikin manyan hanyoyin dafa wannan kifin.
A cikin tanda
Dafa abinci kifi a cikin tanda ba ya ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa. Bugu da kari, wannan hanyar dafa abinci ta musamman tana biyan duk bukatun bukatun abinci. Saboda haka, ga abincin mutane da ke fama da cututtuka na tsarin narkewa, irin waɗannan kayan kifin suna da kyau. An rage matakan shirya zuwa yankewar yadda al'amuran kifayen kifi suka saba. Karin cigaba ya kunshi wadannan matakai:
- Bayan cire kai da viscera na rotan, kurkura sannan a shafa da gishiri.
- Don mintina na 15-20, barin kifi domin gishiri ya shiga cikin naman.
- Bayan haka, a wanke sauran gishirin, sannan a zana gawa da adiko na goge baki.
- Preheat tanda zuwa 200 ° C. Zuba karamin adadin man kayan lambu a cikin kwanon yin burodi.
- Sanya hannun kifin, zuba mai a kai. Anyi wannan ne domin kifin bai bushe ba kuma bai ƙone ba.
- Kunsa fom a saman tare da tsare, sannan aika zuwa tanda.
- Bayan rabin awa, cire foil, sannan kuma gasa tasa don wani minti 10 har sai an dafa.
- Lokacin da kifin ya rufe launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan wuta, kashe tanda.
Za a iya yin amfani da kifin mai dafaffiyar abinci tare da dankalin da aka dafa ko dafaffen kayan lambu.
Abun cin abincin Yarima
Wannan wani irin abinci ne mai daɗi wanda za'a iya dafa shi a cikin tanda da sauri.
- Kuna buƙatar ɗaukar ɗan minar nama daga rotan da kullu wanda ba shi da yisti wanda ba za a iya siye shi ba, a kowane kantin.
- Fitar da kullu.
- Sanya yanki na farin burodin soyayyen madara a cikin madara, sai a yanka albasa, gishiri da barkono.
- Yanke kullu cikin murabba'ai, kuma a tsakiyar kowane wuri cokali na kayan zaki na cika. A gefuna da murabba'ai shimfiɗa kaɗan zuwa ga bangarorin.
- Yanzu saƙa cuku a kan m grater kuma yayyafa crumbs a kan dafuwa na dafuwa.
- Gasa cuku da mu'ujiza kifi na minti 20-25 a zazzabi na 200 ° C.
Abincin yana da matukar daɗi kuma nan take ya ɓace daga farantin.
A cikin kwanon rufi
Wannan ita ce hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi sauri don dafa abinci. Gaskiya ne, soyayyen kayan wuta, kodayake yana da dandano mai ban mamaki, ya dace don cin abinci kawai mutane masu lafiya. Fishara ƙananan kifi za a iya soyayyen baki ɗaya, kuma dole ne a yanke manyan samfurori cikin guda. Zaka iya soya akan kowane mai kayan lambu a garesu har sai kwanon ruɓa mai haske mai haske ya bayyana. Don yin wannan ɓawon burodi, 5 mintuna kafin ƙarshen dafa abinci, rufe kwanon kifi tare da murfi.
A cikin mai dafaffen jinkiri
Yin amfani da wannan kayan aikin gida, yana da sauƙi don dafa kayan yaji daga ƙananan rattans. Irin wannan abincin mai ban sha'awa zai baƙi baƙi da jin daɗin gidan, saboda ba ƙasa ba ne da ɗanɗano ga sanannen kifin gwangwani na samarwa na Baltic. Yin amfani da mai dafaffen mai sauƙin kai, tsarin dafa abinci zai ɗauki fiye da awa ɗaya.
Kayan saida kayan abinci na gida:
- karamin kifi - 1 kg:
- albasa - 2 shugabannin,
- vinegar - 2 tablespoons,
- man kayan lambu - kofuna waɗanda 1.5,
- bay bay - 4,
- gishirin ba su da yawa
- barkono - 4-6 inji.,
- shayi shayi - 1 tsp
- Kifi mai tsabta, cire shugabannin, goge.
- Kurkura sosai a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai gudu, gishiri.
- Bar mintina 15 don mafi kyawun salting.
- A wannan lokacin, bawo albasarta kuma a yanka a cikin zobba.
- A kasan kwano ya sa albashin albashin ya fara da fari, da kifi a saman sa. Fuska na gaba shine zoben albasa, kayan yaji.
- Na gaba, sanya shayi a cikin kofin. Yayin da shayi yake yin giya, zuba mai da vinegar akan kifin.
- Bayan haka kuma a sake kwance da albasarta, sai kuma kifi na gaba da kayan yaji. A cikin wannan jerin kayan, cika akwati gabaɗaya, barin ɗan sarari kyauta.
- Lokacin da dukkanin kayan abinci daga jerin kayan abinci suka kama matsayinsu, sai a ɗiba shayi mai dahuwa a kwano, wanda tare da albas ɗin abincin zai ba kifin halayyar "sprat".
- Bayan shayi, zuba sauran man a saman Layer. Yana da kyawawa cewa man gaba ɗaya ya rufe saman kayan aikin.
- Yanzu rufe murfin multicooker kuma kunna shirin "Sharewa". A lokaci guda akan mai ƙidayar lokaci yana nuna lokaci 1 hour 20 minti.
- Yayinda kifin ya gaji a cikin naúrar, saita tebur.
Rotan sprats na gida suna da dadi kuma mai laushi. Ana iya ba da irin wannan tasa ga yara kuma ku ci daga mata masu juna biyu.
Abin da za a iya shirya daga rotan: girke-girke
An gabatar da wasu hanyoyin dafa abinci don ƙone wuta. Amma wannan shine dan karamin bangare na kwarin gwiwar da ake samu daga karamin kifin da ba a rubuce ba. Tare da amfani mai amfani da wannan samfurin mai mahimmanci, zaku iya dafa jita-jita mai gogewa wanda zai iya tsayayya da gasa tare da kifin salmon da abinci mai ban sha'awa. Don tabbatar da wannan, ya isa a shirya salatin mai haske daga wannan ƙaramin kifin.
Salatin
Soyayyen kifi mai soyayyen kai tsaye tare da sikelin mai a cikin kwanon rufi. Sannan a raba naman, a hada da cokali mai yatsa, ƙara albasa da peas. Ka sanya farantin tare da mayonnaise kuma zaka iya more dandano ainihin abincin kifi.
Abincin girke-girke na salatin mai zuwa shine ɗan rikitarwa, zai buƙaci:
- Boiled qwai - 2 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- kokwamba da kokwamba - 1 pc.,
- albasa - 1 pc.,
- sabo ne na rotan - kilogiram 0,5.
- Tare da murhun wuta, yi daidai kamar yadda a cikin girke-girke na baya, wato, dafa na mintina 15 a cikin kwanon rufi.
- Sa'an nan kuma raba naman, yanke shi a kananan guda.
- Sara sauran sinadaran ma.
- Sannan a hada dukkan abubuwan hadawa, hadawa, kakar tare da miya. Don shirya miya, ɗauki man kayan lambu (3 tablespoons), mustard (1 tablespoon), tsunkule na gishiri, vinegar da barkono.
Zai fi kyau a dafa romaniyan miya a cikin tukunya. Sanya kifin a farkon dafa abinci kai tsaye a cikin ruwan sanyi. Ba a buƙatar yanka gawa. Tare tare da kifi, nan da nan aika kayan lambu: turnips, tushen faski, seleri, karas, albasa gaba ɗaya, laurel da barkono baƙi. Lokacin da ruwa ya tafasa, ƙara dankali mai ɗaci. Dafa kunne tsawon awa daya. Kafin yin hidima, zaku iya yin ado da farantar abincin farko da sababbin ganye.
Kifi miya
An shirya shi a hanya mai kama, amma tare da bambanci cewa kifi yana buƙatar aika da ruwan zãfi tare da kawunansu, amma ba tare da kwaya ba. Sanya dankali da karas a cikin ruwan sanyi. Dafa miyan na mintina 20. Farantin zai zama mai daɗi idan kun ƙara cokali biyu na kirim mai tsami da ganye.
Cutlets
Cutan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa sun shahara sosai a dafa abinci na gida. Tabbas, ana buƙatar isasshen kifin don biyan bukatun abinci na iyali. Na laban rotan, kana buƙatar ƙari ɗauka:
- albasa mai matsakaici - 2 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- dankali - 2 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- albarkatun kasa - 2 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- gari ko burodin burodi - kamar yadda ake buƙata,
- man shanu - 2 tbsp.,
- man alade - 100 g
- barkono, gishiri, tafarnuwa da wasu kayan ƙanshi waɗanda suka dace da kayan kifi.
Lokacin da kayan girke-girke duka suke kan tebur, kuna buƙatar yin waɗannan:
- Tsallake kifi ta hanyar nama grinder.
- Sanya naman alade, man shanu, dankali da albasarta a cikin naman da aka dafa.
- Sannan a doke qwai, a cakuda taro tare da gari ko garin burodi, sai a tura wa naman da aka yanka.
- Matsa babban taro har sai ya zama mai yawa.
- Kirkiro cutlets din kuma ki soya su a cikin kwanon rufi.
Duk wani gefen abinci ya dace da rotan kifi patties.
Na biyu zaɓi don dafa cutlets
Wannan girke-girke yana da sauƙi kaɗan fiye da na baya.
- Zaɓi ƙananan kifin don naman da aka dafa. Kurkura shi da kyau, cire wutsiyoyi da kawuna.
- Haɗe ta da nama mai ba da nama sau biyu tare da karas da albasarta.
- Sanya 100g yanki na Burodi, kwai da man shanu kadan mai taushi ga kifin da aka dafa.
- Dama taro, form cutlets.
- Kafin a soya, mirgine kowane cutlet a cikin garin gurasar.
Abincin gwangwani
Akwai girke-girke da yawa don yin ciyawa na gwangwani na gida. Amma, ba da haɗarin guba ta irin waɗannan samfuran, a nan ne zaɓin mafi aminci. A tsari, wannan shine ɗayan bambance-bambancen dake cikin shirya sprats. Amma idan kuna bin tsarin matakan da ke ƙasa, kuna samun abin ɗorawa tare da ɗanɗano mai laushi, wanda ya dace sosai da liyafa.
Jerin manyan kayan abinci a 1 kilogiram na rotan:
- ruwan tumatir - 1-1.5 l,
- gishiri dandana
- laurel - fewan ganye,
- man kayan lambu - 0.3 l,
- kayan yaji na kifi.
- Aauki tukunya mai babban girma, kuma zai fi dacewa a sami wuta. Zuba mai a cikin kwano.
- Sanya kifin da aka yanka a cikin kauri a cikin akwati domin 4-5 cm sarari har yanzu ya rage zuwa saman.
- Sanya kifin tare da kayan ƙanshi da gishiri.
- Lokacin da aka kammala wannan matakin, gabaɗa cika kifin tare da ruwan tumatir. A sakamakon haka, ya kamata a rage sarari kyauta daga saman gefen jita-jita zuwa 2.5 cm.
- Idan babu isasshen ruwan tumatir, zaku iya ninka adadin ruwa da ruwa.
- Bayan waɗannan ayyukan, an rufe caudron ɗin tare da murfi kuma a sa murhun.
- A wannan lokacin, kunna tanda zuwa yanayin matsakaici.
- Lokacin da abin da ke cikin caudron ya tafasa, bar shi a kan murhun don wani mintina 8, sannan canja wurin zuwa murhun.
- A cikin tanda, ka murƙushe kifin a ƙalla 5-6 hours, sannan kuma a sake wasu awoyi 2 don isa tare da kashe wutar.
- Tunda irin wannan tsari mai zafi na zafi zai haifar da daskarar da ruwa, lokaci-lokaci buƙatar ƙara ruwa.
- Canja wurin sprats da aka yi da tumatir a cikin ganga mai bakararre da firiji. Yana da kyau a sayar da abun ciye-ciyen a cikin kwanaki 7-10.
Rana-bushe da rana
Sai dai itace mai dadi sosai rotan stewed a kirim mai tsami. Omelet tare da kifi yana da matukar farin jini. Amma litattafan kayan tarihin sune, gishiri, busasshen kifi.
- Kafin aika kifin don bushe, marinate shi. Don yin wannan, ajiye gawawwakin kifin a cikin kwano mai zurfi.
- Yayyafa kowane yanki na rotan a saman tare da gishiri mai yawa.
- Sanya zalunci a saman kifin gishiri. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, samfurin kifin da aka bushe zai kasance a shirye.
Idan ka bushe irin wannan kifi a rana, zaka sami kyakkyawan gishiri sosai.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa
- Rotan yana da ban sha'awa ba kawai a matsayin na musamman wakilin ichthyofauna ba. Da yawa sabon abu cikin halaye da dabi'unsa. Misali, bayan yaci abinci, kifin ya huta a kasan saboda abincin yana narkewa cikin nutsuwa. Wannan tsari na iya wuce tsawon kwanaki 2-3.
- Kamar maharbi na gaskiya, alamar wutar tana farauta, tana jiran abin da ya suturta. Lokacin da abun samarwa yana gaban, roban sa nan take ya hau kan sa. Yayin da maganar ke gudana, sakamakon abin mamaki shine ya haifar da cikakkiyar nasara.
- An dauki Rotan a matsayin wata halitta mai ban dariya, mai hadarin gaske ga sauran mazaunan tafki. Akwai hujja cewa ana haɓaka kayan aiki na musamman don kawar da wannan mai ƙaddarar. Amma kamar yadda al'adar ta nuna, bayan bacewar rotan gaba daya, tafkunan sun mamaye kuma daga karshe suka juye zuwa fadama.
- Lokacin da namiji ya kiyaye zuriyarsa ta gaba, zai doke baƙi da baƙon kansa.
- Rotan yana da tsari na musamman na ido, godiya wanda ke da fa'ida da lura da ganima daga nesa.
- Duk da karancin girman jikin sa, na'urar kashe gobara tana kamawa wanda aka azabtar da shi, wanda kuma ya sake tabbatar da yanayin yanayin kifin.
Ta tattarawa, zamu iya ƙara da cewa a cikin yanayi an zaɓi komai cikin daidaituwa cewa duniya ta san jan mai tsabta na ruwa mai tsabta a cikin filin na dafuwa. Wannan kifin ne mai arha, amma mai daɗi sosai wanda zai iya kawo bayanin kula mai kyau ga abincinku na yau da kullun. Amma babban fa'idar ƙaramin kifi shine cewa yana da amfani ga lafiyar ɗan adam. Duk wata uwargida, tana ɗaukar recipesan girke-girke, koyaushe koyaya dafa abinci mai abinci.
«Muhimmi: Duk bayanan da ke shafin an bada su ne saboda dalilai na bayanai kawai. Kafin amfani da duk wani shawarwari, nemi shawara tare da gwani. Babu masu gyara ko marubutan ba su da alhakin duk wata illa da kayan suka haifar. ”