Wildebeest (sosai sau da yawa madallace, lat. Connochaetes) asalin halitta ce mai yawan dabbobi da ke zaune a Afirka. Wildebeest yana cikin zuriyar dangi. Halin halittar wildebeest ya ƙunshi nau'i biyu - baƙar fata da shuɗi wildebeest.

Wildebeest ya kai girman 1.15-1.4 m a cikin kafadu da nauyin jiki daga 150 zuwa 250 kg. Suna zaune a cikin savannah na Afirka, musamman ma Serengeti. Wildebeest na iya samun tsawon rayuwa sama da shekaru 20.

Yankin ƙaura na shekara shekara na wildebeest an san shi sosai, lokacin da dabbobin ƙauyuka ke motsawa zuwa sabon wuraren kiwo, inda bayan lokacin damina babban abincinsu ya bayyana - ƙarancin ciyawa. Yanayin mafi yawan ƙaura shine Mayu da Nuwamba, a cikin Mayu dabbobi miliyan 1.5 suna ƙaura daga filayen zuwa gandun daji, kuma a watan Nuwamba, bayan lokacin damina, sai su dawo.

Lokacin dabbar ta saba zama sati uku. Ba wai kawai a keɓance haifuwa ta wani takamaiman lokacin shekara ba. Ciki yakan kai kimanin watanni 8.5, magaryar ruwa ɗaya, da wuya biyu. A lokacin da mako daya, 'Ya'yan su fara ciyar da ciyawa, lokacin lactation shine watanni 7-8.

Wildebeest yanki ne mai mahimmanci a cikin filayen kiwo a filayen, saboda isowar su takin kasar gona. Wildebeest shima mahimmancin abinci ne. Koyaya, sun shahara da lalacewar da suka aikata yayin jirgin. Yawancin lokaci wildebeest yakan gudu a cikin garken dabbobi 500 a saurin kilo 55 / h na kimanin rabin sa'a.

Bayyanar

Fitowar wadannan dabbobi baƙon abu bane; ba dalili bane yasa aka ware su zuwa wani yanki na musamman na dabbobi masu kiwo. A farkon kallo a wildebeest yana ba da ra'ayi na sa: babban girma (tsayi a ƙusoshin zai iya kaiwa 140 cm, kuma nauyi a kan matsakaicin kilogiram 200-250), babban kai mai ɗaukar nauyi mai nauyi da gajeru, ƙaho mai tsayi mai tsayi yana ba da shawarar cewa muna da babban shanu. Amma bakin ciki, kafafu manya da kanana mai sauri suna nuna cewa muna fuskantar tururuwa.

Akwai wasu rashin halaye da yawa a cikin bayyanar wildebeest: a kan bangon ƙima da wuya yana da matsanancin dakatarwar gashi kamar awaki dutsen, a kan ƙwanƙolin wuya akwai mara wuya kamar doki, wutsiya mai bakin ciki tare da dogon gashi a ƙarshen kamar jaki, da murya kama da mai ban tsoro da hanci na saniya. Da alama an tattara wannan turbar ne daga bayanan dabbobi daban-daban. Launi na shuddebeest mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai duhu tare da rashi mara kyau mai ganuwa a jiki. Wannan nau'in yana da respeple na wildebeest fari-gashi wanda gashin kan wuyansa yake fari. Wildebeest mai launin fari-fari kusan baki ne da farin wutsiya mai kamshi; daga waje, wannan jinsin yana kama da doki mai ban tsoro.

Tsarin dabbobi

Rashin rarrabewar gado ba tabbatacce ba kuma a halin yanzu ya ƙunshi manyan ƙananan yankuna 7, waɗanda suka haɗa nau'ikan da yawa masu ban sha'awa:

• Wildebeest ko madarajancin (lat.Connochaetes)- tururuwa na Afirka, asalin halittar dabbobi ne na artiodactyl na halittar Bubal, wanda ya hada da nau'ikan 2: baƙar fata da shuɗi wildebeest.

• Black wildebeestshi fararen fata-wildebeest ko saniyar ware (lat.Connochaetes gnou)- ofaya daga cikin ƙananan jinsunan kwari na Afirka. Antelope yana zaune a Afirka ta Kudu. Haɓakar maza kusan 111-121 cm, kuma tsayin jikin mutum ya kai mita 2 tare da nauyin jikinsa ya kai kilogiram 160 zuwa 270, kuma mace tayi ƙanƙanta a cikin girman maza. Tearna na biyun maza masu launin duhu ne ko baƙi, mace tana da sauƙi fiye da maza, kuma sautunan dabbobi a koyaushe fararen fata ne.

• Amar Azul (Laurinn taurinus)kadan ya fi girma fiye da baki. Matsakaicin girman tururuwa shine 115-145 cm tare da nauyin 168 zuwa 274 kg. Wildebeests masu launin shuɗi suna da sunan saboda launi mai launin shuɗi-launin toka, kuma ratsin madaidaiciya mai duhu, kamar zebra, suna kan bangarorin dabbobi. Wutsiya da baka na antelopes baƙaƙen fata ne, ƙaho mai irin saniya, launin toka mai duhu ko baƙi. An bambanta launin ruwan wildebeest ta hanyar abinci mai zaɓi: tururuwa suna cin ganyayyaki na wasu nau'in, sabili da haka ana tilastawa yin ƙaura zuwa wuraren da ake ruwa sama sosai kuma abincin da ake buƙata ya girma.

• Nyala ko a fili nyala (lat.Tragelaphus angasii) –African ƙaho ƙaho daga kwari subfamily da antelope gandun halittar. Haɓakar dabbobi kusan 110 cm ne, kuma tsawon jikin mutum ya kai 140 cm, Nyala maza sun fi maza yawa. Abu ne mai sauqi don rarrabe maza daga mata: maza masu launin launin toka suna sanya kaho mai kauri tare da farin haske 60 zuwa 83 cm tsayi, suna da rawar wuya da ke gudana tare da bayan baya, da kuma gashin kai mai ratayewa daga gaban wuya zuwa makwancin gwaiwa. Matan Nyala suna da kaho kuma suna rarrabe su da launi mai ruwan hoda-brown. A cikin mutane biyun, har zuwa 18 madaidaicin madaidaicin launuka masu launin fari suna bayyane a bayyane.

• Ra'ayi mai dangantaka - dutsen nyala (lat.tragelaphus buxtoni), wanda aka bambanta shi ta hanyar mafi girman jikin mutum idan aka kwatanta shi da na nyala. Tsawon jikin dutsen yana da 150-180 cm, tsayinsa a ƙ atƙasassun ya kusan mita 1, ƙahon maza ya kai mita 1 a tsayi. Yawan nauyin antelope ya bambanta tsakanin kilogiram 150 zuwa 300. Jinsi na rayuwa ne gaba daya a tsaunukan tsaunukan Habasha da Habasha da ke gabashin Afirka.

• Dawakin Dawakiita roan doki antelo (lat.Hippotragus equinus)- tearfin sabar-ƙaho na Afirka, ɗaya daga cikin wakilai mafi girma na dangi wanda ke da tsayi a kusan ƙyallen mil 1.6 da nauyin jikinsa ya kai kilogiram 300. Tsawon jikin mutum shine cm 227-288. Ta hanyar bayyanarsa, dabbar tayi kama da doki. Babban farin mayafin dawakin dawakai yana da launi mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da launin ja, kuma maya mai launin fari da fari tana “fenti” a fuska. An kawata kawunan mutanen biyu da kunnuwa masu kauri tare da tassels a tukwici da ƙaho mai kyau sosai.

• Bongo (lat.Tragelaphus eurycerus)- Wani nau'in halittar yara masu rauni na Afirka da aka jera a cikin International Red Book. Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna cikin siran subfamily da asalin halittar gandun daji. Bongos manyan dabbobi ne: tsayinsa a ƙasan mazan da suka manyanta sun kai 1-1.3, kuma nauyin ya kai kilogiram 200. An bambanta wakilan jinsin ta hanyar mai launi mai laushi, mai launin fari-mai launin fari tare da farin ratsi a gefansu, tsibiran fararen ulu a ƙafafunsu da kuma farin farin wata a kirji.

• Tsohuwar tukunyar-guda huɗu (lat.Tetracerus quadricornis)- ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan Asiya ne kuma kawai wakilin bovids, wanda ba a yiwa kansa ado da 2, amma yana da ƙaho 4. Haɓaka daga waɗannan tururuwa kusan 55-54 cm tare da nauyin jikin mutum bai wuce kilo 22 ba. An rufe jikin dabbobi da gashin launin ruwan kasa, wanda ya bambanta da farin ciki. Maza ne kawai ke da zankaje: pairahohin gaba guda biyu kawai ya kai 4 cm, kuma galibi yawanci basa ganuwa, ƙahonin na baya suna girma zuwa 10 cm a tsayi. Tsuntsaye masu ban tsoro guda huɗu suna ciyar da ciyawa kuma suna zaune a cikin kurmi na Indiya da Nepal.

• Cow tururuwaita Congongi, kumburin kumburi ko kumburin gama-gari (lat.Alcelaphus buselaphus)- Wannan tururuwar Afirka ce daga yankin ƙasashen waje na Bubal. Congonis manyan dabbobi ne masu girmansa kimanin 1.3 m da tsawon jikin mutum ya kai mita 2. Canjin saniya yana da kusan kilogram 200. Dangane da tallafin, launi na ulu na Congoni ya bambanta daga launin toka mai haske zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, ƙirar halayen baƙar fata tana tsaye a kan ƙyalli, alamun alamu na baki suna kan kafafu. Akwai ƙaho mai tsayi har zuwa 70 cm tsayi daga maza da mata duka, siffofinsu wata ne na wata, mai jujjuya gefan da ke sama.

• Bakararre baƙi (lat.Hippotragus niger) - tearfin Afirka, wanda yake na asalin tarkon ƙaƙƙarfan gado ne, dangin magabatan sabreen. Haɓakar ɓarke ​​na baƙin ciki kusan 130 cm ne tare da nauyin jikin mutum ya kai kilo 230. An bambanta maza da yawa ta launi mai launin shuɗi-baki, wanda ya bambanta da kyau tare da farin ciki. Matasa maza da mata suna da bulo ko launin shuɗi mai duhu. Kakaki, mai jujjuyawa baya a zahirin girgizar ƙasa kuma ya ƙunshi yawan adadin zobba, suna da daidaikun maza da mata.

• Kanna ita ce canna gama gari (lat. Taurotragus oryx)- mafi tsufa a duniya. A waje, canna yayi kama da saniya, kawai mafi siriri, kuma girman dabbar yana da ban sha'awa: tsayin tsinkaye a cikin tsofaffin manya shine mita 1.5, tsayin jikin mutum ya kai mita 2-3, kuma nauyin jikin zai iya zama daga 500 zuwa 1000 kg. Canna na yau da kullun yana da suturar launin shuɗi, wanda ya zama launin toka-shuɗi a wuya da kafadu tare da shekaru. An bambanta maza ta hanyar fayilolin fata na fata a wuyan sa da kuma manyan gashi a goshi. Abubuwa masu rarrabewa na antelope sun kasance ne daga raƙuman haske masu haske 2 zuwa 15 a gaban akwati, manyan kafadu da ƙaho mai tsayi wanda yake ƙawata mata da maza.

• Dwarf tururuwaita dwarf tururuwa (lat Neotragus pygmaeus) - mafi kankanta na antelopes, nasa ne ga subfamily na antelopes na ainihi. Haɓaka dabba ta dabba da ƙarancinsa ya kai 20-23 cm (da wuya 30 cm) tare da nauyin jiki na 1.5 zuwa 3.6 kg. Jariri mai wucin gadi mai haihuwa yakai kimanin 300 g kuma yana iya dacewa da tafin hannun mutum. Hannun kafaɗɗun ragowa sun fi ta gaba yawa, don haka idan ana damuwa dabbobi za su iya tsalle sama da tsayin 2 m. Teararrawar dwarf tana ciyar da ganyayyaki da 'ya'yan itatuwa.

• Gazelle ta kowa (lat.Gazella gazella)- dabba daga subfamily na antelopes na gaske. Tsawon jikin gazelle ya bambanta daga 98-115 cm, nauyi - daga kilogiram 16 zuwa 29.5. Mace sun fi maza yawa kuma sun kai kusan cm 10 a jikinsu Jikin wata gazelle talakawa ya yi kauri, wuyansa da kafafu suna da tsawo, makwancin dabbobi masu shayarwa wutsiya mai tsawon 8-13 cm. Kakakin maza sun kai cm 22 zuwa tsayi, a cikin mata kaho sun gaza - 6 kawai -12 cm. Banbancin nau'ikan jinsin sune launuka na fararen fata akan fuska wanda yafito daga tsaye daga cikin kaho ta idanu har zuwa hanci na dabba.

• Impala ko baƙin-baki mai fuska (lat.Aepyceros melampus). Tsawon jikin wakilai na wannan nau'in ya bambanta daga 120-160 cm tare da tsayi a ƙasan 75-95 cm da nauyin 40 zuwa 80 kg. Maza suna sanye da ƙaho mai kama da launi, tsawon sa wanda yawancinsu ya zarce 90 cm The launi na gashi yana launin ruwan kasa, kuma bangarorin sun fi haske. Ciki, yankin kirji, haka nan kuma wuyan wuyansa da fari suna da fari. A kan kafafun hancin biyu na ɓangaren biyu akwai ratsin launin fari mai haske, kuma sama da kofuna ɗaya akwai gashin baki. Yankunan impalas sun ƙunshi Kenya, Uganda, har zuwa savannah na Afirka ta kudu da yankin Botswana.

• Saiga ko saiga (lat.Saiga tatarica) - dabba daga subfamily na antelopes na gaske. Tsawon jikin saiga ya kasance daga 110 zuwa 146 cm, nauyi yana daga kilo 23 zuwa 40, tsayinsa a zaitun ya kai cm 60-80. Jikin yana da sifar da yake da elongated, gabobinsa suna da bakin ciki kuma gajere. Masu ɗaukar kaho masu kauri kamar launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi, maza ne kawai. Siffar halayyar bayyanar saigas ita ce hanci: tana kama da akwati mai laushi ta hannu tare da hancinsa kusa da hancin dabba kuma yana bai wa dabbar dabbar iska.

• Zebra Duker (lat.Cephalophus zebra)- dabbobi masu shayarwa daga masu hakar gandun daji. Tsawon jikin dabbar shine 70-90 cm mai nauyin kilo 9 zuwa 20 kuma tsayi a ƙarancin 40-5 cm Jikin dabbar yana squat, yana da haɓaka tsokoki da ƙirar halayyar baya. Kafafu suna gajeru tare da shimfide sama da fadi. Dukkan maza da mata suna da gajere. An bambanta ulu daga zebra ta launin launi irin sautin orange, tsarin "zebra" na ratsin launin fata ya fito fili a jiki - adadinsu ya bambanta daga 12 zuwa 15.

• Jeyran (lat.Gazella subgutturosa)- Dabbar dabba daga tsatsar gwaiwa, dangin bovids. Tsawon jikin gazelle ya kasance daga 93 zuwa 116 cm tare da nauyin 18 zuwa 33 kg kuma tsayi a cikin ƙishirwa daga 60 zuwa 75 cm. Goma da gefuna na gwal suna fenti a cikin yashi, ciki, wuya da ƙafarku suna fari a ciki. Ganin wutsiya koyaushe baki ne. A cikin kananan dabbobi, a bayyane yanayin da ke fuska: ana wakilta shi da wani launin ruwan kasa a hanci da wasu raunin duhu da suke buɗewa daga idanun zuwa kusurwar bakin.

Habitat da salon rayuwa

Wildebeests suna zaune cikin fakitoci a cikin Afirka. Sun zabi wurin da ciyawa mafi kyau. Idan garke guda ya mallaki wani yanki na yankin, to ɗayan bai yi kwatankwacin hakan ba. Zai yi wuya a iya tunanin irin abincin da babu ci ba tare da nau'ikan ganye ba. Yanayin Afirka yana da kyau sosai, kuma yanayin anan yana canzawa. Domin kada yunwar ta mutu, an tilastawa tururuwa canji wurin zama sau da yawa a shekara. Antelopes ba sa zama cikin manyan fakitoci, ana iya rarrabu cikin bangarori da yawa. Wildebeest yayi shiru a cikin karamin kamfanin. Mutane biyu ko uku zasu isa sosai.

A kallon farko, tururuwa suna da dabbobi marasa kyau, amma a lokaci guda basa ɗaukar hatsari ga sauran dabbobi. Akasin haka, su kansu suna da abokan gaba da yawa. Akwai magabatan mutane da yawa da suke farin cikin son su ci abincinsu. Can gabadaya basu da iko a gaban zakuna da karnuka. Irin waɗannan dabbobi suna buƙatar nama da yawa don su rayu. Lionayan ɗaya zaki yana da wahalar neman farautar sauran dabbobin da ke da ƙima iri ɗaya, don haka sai su fara neman kwari. Kamar yadda aka ambata, suna zaune ne a cikin ƙananan garke, saboda haka babu wanda zai kare su.

A yau babu raguwa da yawa da yawa. Kasancewar su sune babban abincin wasu dabbobi a yankunansu nesa ba dalili. Shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, farautar wildebeest ya shahara sosai. A wannan lokacin ne kusan suka mutu daga hannun mutane.

Halin

Yanayin wildebeests ne mai rikitarwa. Ainihin, suna kama da shanu na zaman lafiya, amma wani lokacin ana kaiwa su hari ta hanyar da ba za a iya fahimtar su ba, yayin da dabbobi kwatsam, suka yi tsalle, a wani wuri, ko kuma suna iya firgita a cikin sakan na biyu sun tashi daga wurin a cikin ɓarna tare da dukan garken. Kuma duk wannan yana faruwa ba tare da dalilai na fili ba. Wildebeests masu saurin-fushi ne kuma galibi suna kai hari ga kananan ciyayi na kusa.

Abinci mai gina jiki

Wildebeest ya ci ganyayyaki na wasu nau'in. Saboda haka, a mafi yawan wuraren garken, wildebeests suna jagorancin rayuwar rayuwa ta nomadic, suna ƙaura sau biyu a shekara zuwa inda ruwan sama yake kuma akwai tsire-tsire masu dacewa. Wildebeest mai ƙaura, wanda aka shimfiɗa ta hanyar sarƙoƙi mara iyaka na yau da kullun daga sararin sama zuwa sararin samaniya ko kuma ɗimbin talakawa da suka watse ko'ina cikin mataki, kyakkyawar gani ce ta musamman. A wuraren da aka zazzage dabi'un, kamar a cikin ɓarnar Ngorongoro, wildebeest baya ƙaura, amma kawai yana motsa kullun a cikin rana daga gangara zuwa ƙananan wurare inda wuraren shayarwa ke kwance. A ruwa, dabbobi suna hutawa na dogon lokaci, suna birgima a bayansu, kamar dawakai, suna wasa.

Hijira

Wildebeest wata halitta ce mai hutawa sosai. Amma ba wannan ingancin bane yasa suyi ƙaura, amma saukar ruwan sama ne wanda dabbobi ke motsawa. Antelopes suna da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kuma ba sa iya rayuwa a wuraren da babu ruwan sama, a inda akwai karancin abinci, don haka a koyaushe suna motsawa zuwa sabon wuraren kiwo. A watan Yuli, sun tashi daga reshen Serengeti zuwa wasu wurare, kuma bayan ɗan lokaci - da baya.

A hanya, an kawar da dabbobi masu rauni da marasa lafiya, waɗanda ko dai suka faɗi a bayan garken ko kuma suka faɗi cikin mawuyacin halin farauta. Hijira na Wildebeest yana faruwa ne da farko daga kudu zuwa arewa, sannan kuma akasin haka. Kololuwanta ya wuce Kogin Mara. Haka kuma, dabbobi koda yaushe ana jigilar su a wuri guda. Yawancin yawon bude ido suna zuwa don lura da ƙaurawar ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaura (kuma wurin yana da girma da ban sha'awa) kowace shekara. Ana iya lura da motsin dabbobi daga bisa (daga balloons) ko daga motocin da aka shirya musamman don irin wannan balaguron balaguro.

Kiwo da zuriya

Harshen wildebeest yana farawa a watan Afrilu kuma yana ɗaukar watanni 3, har zuwa ƙarshen watan Yuni. Wannan shine lokacin da maza ke shirya wasannin mating da kuma fadace-fadace don mallakar mallakar ƙarancin maza. Kafin kisan kai da zubar da jini, bai isa ba. Maza Wildebeest maza sun kame kansu ga butting, suna durkusawa juna. Wanda ya yi nasara ya sami cikakkiyar ikon sa mata 10-15. Wadanda suka rasa ana tilasta su iyakancewa da daya ko biyu.

Abin ban sha'awa ne! Abubuwan ban sha'awa na ƙaura daga ƙauyukan ƙaura da ba na ƙaura na wildebeests. A cikin kungiyoyin masu ƙaura akwai mutane daban-daban na mata da maza daban daban.Kuma a cikin wadancan garken da ke haifar da yanayin rayuwa, mace mai 'ya'ya mata suna kuzari dabam har zuwa shekara guda. Kuma maza suna kafa rukunin digiri na biyu, suna barin su zuwa balaga kuma suna ƙoƙarin samun yankin nasu.

Yawan ciki na Gnu bai wuce watanni 8 ba, sabili da haka ana haihuwar zuriya kawai a cikin hunturu - a cikin Janairu ko Fabrairu, daidai lokacin da damina ta fara, kuma babu ƙarancin abinci.

Bishiyar ciyawa ba ta yin girma ta tsalle-tsalle da haddi, kamar 'yan maruƙa. 'Yan mintuna 20-30 bayan haihuwa,' Ya'yan wildebeest na tsaye a kafafunsu, kuma bayan sa'a guda suna gudana cikin farin ciki.

A matsayinka na mai mulki, tururuwa ɗaya tana haihuwar maraƙi ɗaya, ƙasa da sau biyu - biyu. Yana ciyar da madara har zuwa watanni 8, kodayake jarirai sun fara yankan ciyawa da wuri kuma. Jaririn yana karkashin kulawar mahaifiya tsawon wata 9 bayan da ya daina yin nono, daga nan ne kawai zai fara rayuwa da kansa. Ya fara yin jima'i da shekara 4.

Abin ban sha'awa ne! Daga cikin 'yan maruƙa guda 3 na Wildebeest, mutum 1 ke rayuwa har zuwa shekara guda. Sauran sun zama wadanda ke fama da cutar.

Maƙiyin magabaci

Babban abokan gaban ango sune dawakai, zakuna, crocodiles, muhalli, damisa da damisa. Yawancin dabbobi suna mutuwa yayin ƙaura. Zabi na zahiri yana faruwa. Weaker da marasa lafiya marasa galihu a bayan garke kuma suna zama masu sauƙin ganima ga masu farauta. Idan kuma aka tsallaka koguna, kada karnuka sukanyi kai tsaye, sai dai a jira har garken sun ƙetare wancan bangaren. Daga nan sai su kai hari ga laggards daga mafi rinjaye. Yawancin tururuwa, waɗanda suke a sahun gaba, kawai brothersan uwan ​​da suke turawa daga baya suna tattake su. Kuma gawawwakin dabbobi da yawa har yanzu suna kan tudu. Ragowar abinci ne da tsuntsayen da ciyawa. Amma duk iri ɗaya ne, ba za a iya kiran rigakafin marasa kariya. Garkunan da ke garkuwa da tumaki suna iya maimaita harin da zakuna. Karshen su ma suna kokarin kai hari ne kawai dabbobi masu rauni. Wasu lokuta magabatan suna ƙoƙari su kori ƙuruciya daga garken.

Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu

A cikin karni na 19, Wildebeest yana da matukar himma ta hanyar yawan jama'ar gari da masu mulkin mallaka, waɗanda ke ciyar da dabbobinsu da nama don waɗannan ma'aikatan. Rushewar jama'a ta wuce shekaru sama da ɗari. Sun dawo da hankalinsu ne kawai a cikin 1870, lokacin da babu mafi yawan 600 na Wildebeest da suke raye a ko'ina cikin Afirka.

Ciyar da jinsunan dabbobi masu hadarin dake cikin hadari sun sami halarta ta biyu ta masu mulkin mallaka na Boer. Sun kirkiro yankuna amintattu don ragowar ragowar garken daji. A hankali, an sake dawo da adadin tururuwa masu shuɗi, amma ana iya samo nau'in fararen fari a yau kawai a cikin rami.

Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da tururuwa

• Featureaya daga cikin fasalin mai ban sha'awa na wildebeest har yanzu asiri ne ga masana kimiyya. Ofungiyar wasu dabbobin kiwo cikin nutsuwa kwatsam, ba tare da wani dalili ba, suka hau rawa mai ban haushi, suna yin manyan tsalle-tsalle da huhun fata daga tabo, har da bugun ƙafa. Bayan minti daya, “sausaye” shima kwatsam ya kare, dabbobin suna ci gaba da yankan ciyawa cikin lumana, kamar dai babu abin da ya faru.
• Baya ga babban mayafi, daskararren bazara mai tsalle (Latin Oreotragus oreotragus) suna da gashi mai laushi wanda ke da alaƙa da fatar, wanda yake kawai ga wannan nau'in antelope da farin barewa.
• A cikin wasu nau'o'in antelopes, dogo mai tsawo da kuma tsari mai ratsa jiki wanda yake ba da dama ga dabbobi su tsaya a kafafunsu kuma, jingina da gaban su a kan gungumen itace, har ya zuwa ga rassan bishiya, kamar raƙumin daji.
• Wildebeests dabbobi ne marasa hutawa. Lura da cewa suna da yankin gaba daya na alfarmarsu, suna ƙaura daga wuri zuwa wuri duk shekara: a cikin Mayu suna yawo daga filayen zuwa gandun daji, kuma a watan Nuwamba da baya.
• Suna sha da yawa kuma suna son shakatawa ta gefen ruwa. Idan babu masu farauta da ke kusa da rami na ruwa, Wildebeest zai yi farin ciki yawo cikin laka kuma ya yi wasa, yana jin daɗin sanyin sanyi.
• Wildebeests suna da abokan gaba da yawa: zakuna da karnuka-kamar karnuka na iya kama dabba dabba, yayin da damisa da tsuntsayen da ke kama da kananun. Suna yin wannan da daddare, lokacin da tururuwa tayi saurin tsoro, kamar a lokacin rana uwa ba zata yiwa danta laifi ba.
• Gasar yana farawa a watan Afrilu kuma zai ci gaba har zuwa tsakiyar lokacin bazara. A wannan lokacin, mazan suna yin yaƙi don mallakar ƙimar haihuwar. Musamman waɗanda suka yi nasara za su iya cin nasara ga mata na 10-12, yayin da abokan hamayyarsu suka gamsu da biyu ko uku.
• A watan Fabrairu-Maris, 'yan maruƙa sun bayyana, an rufe su da ko da Jawo furke. Duk garke yana cikin sauri don gaishe da sabon memba na dangi kuma dole ne uwa ta tsai da kashe dangi mai kauna, in ba haka ba zasu bibiya jariri.

Saurari muryar wildebeest

Duk da ingantaccen girman wildebeest ba shi da wahala sosai. Rationaurawar dabbobi tana faruwa koyaushe a cikin shekara. A watan Mayu, sun bar gandun daji a kan kwari, kuma a cikin kaka, wani wuri a watan Nuwamba, sai su koma daji. Koda a cikin rana, tururuwa suna motsawa daga wuraren kiwo waɗanda suke kan gangara daga tsaunuka zuwa rami na ruwa a ƙafa. Ana lura da irin wannan halayen dabbobi a cikin Ngorongoro Crater, inda akwai shinge na halitta da yawa kuma an kewaye yankin kamar dai daga kowane bangare.

Wildebeest da giwa.

Amma zalunci Gnu an bayyana shi a sauƙaƙe. A cikin abinci, suna da yawan gaske kuma suna cin abinci irin wannan ciyawa. Wannan yana sa suyi yawo na kwanaki na ƙarshe don neman abinci mai daɗi da ƙauna. Kari akan haka, tururuwa manyan mahaurai ne kuma suna son shakatawa kusa da rami na ruwa. Wildebeests tare da nishaɗi suna kwance a cikin laka kuma suna gudana cikin ruwa, suna jin daɗin sanyin sanyi da danshi mai ba da rai. Amma a lokaci guda ku lura sosai da bayyanar magabtansu.

Yakin wildebeests.

Dayawa daga cikin magabatan sun farauto wildebeests. Waɗannan su ne zaki, damisa da karnuka shayi. Dukansu suna son cin abinci a kan nama mai taushi da mai daɗi na manyan dabbobi. Saboda haka, yawanci suna kai hari da rana. Amma dai ጅቦች da damisa ba su damu da cin cuban sanduna ba, kuma koyaushe suna farauta da dare. A dare, da Wildebeest ya zama marasa tsaro kuma ya faɗi cikin tsoro na daji. Da rana, masu kaddara ba sa haɗari da kai hari, mace za ta bayar da ƙimar da ta dace kuma ta kare ɗanta.

Wildebeests shine abincin da akafi so don damisa, zakuna da tsuntsaye.

A cikin bazara, wildebeest yana farawa. Daga watan Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar lokacin bazara, kowane namiji yana ƙoƙarin lashe mata da yawa kamar yadda zai yiwu. Strongarna mafi ƙarfi da nasara sun sami mace 10 - 15, irin ƙaramin harem. Da kyau, masu asara suna wadatar da mace na 1-3.

Unguwar da take bin salo na wildebeests.

Calan maruƙa suna bayyana a watan Fabrairu - Maris. An haife su a cikin rigar Jawo mai taushi, kyakkyawar launi mai launin ruwan kasa. Wildebeest suna da dabi'a na murna da gaishe ga sabon ɗan maraƙin, wanda zai haifar da gaskiyar cewa ƙaunataccen dangi sun murƙushe ɗan maraƙin. Saboda haka, mahaifiyar tana kishin jariri sosai dangi daga dangi.

Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.