Barawo Orizias (lat.Oryzias woworae) ko kifin shinkafa ƙarami ne, mai haske kuma mara ma'ana wanda ke zaune a tsibirin Sulawesi kuma yana da matuƙar wahala. Duk da gaskiyar cewa an samo shi a yanayi a wuri guda kawai, kayan adon ɓarayi sun dace da yanayi daban-daban a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Rayuwa cikin yanayi
A halin yanzu, ɗabi'a guda kawai na oryzias na ɓarawo a cikin yanayi ake sani. Wannan shi ne Mata iska Fotuno creek a cikin yankin na Paris, Muna Island, lardin Sulawesi na kudu maso gabas.
Wataƙila kewayon yana da fadi, saboda ba a bincika wasu wuraren har yanzu. Sulawesi mazauni ne na nau'ikan 17 kyawawan dabi'u.
Neon oryzias suna zaune a cikin koguna na ruwa, kashi 80% wanda yake gudana ƙarƙashin ƙashin bishiya mai kauri, kuma an rufe ƙasa da ƙamus, yashi da ganyayyaki da suka faɗi.
O. woworae an kuma kama cikin tafkunan, zurfin mita 3-4, inda suke zaune tare da Nomorhamphus. Ruwa a cikin ruwayen halitta yana da acidity na tsari na pH 6.0 - 7.0.
Bayanin
Tsawon jikin mutum shine 25-30 mm, wanda ke sanya kifin shinkafa ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan wakilai na oryzias, duk da haka, akwai ƙananan nau'in halittu da aka samo a Sulawesi.
Jikin kifin yana da launin shuɗi-shudi, ƙyallen fata yana da ja, wutsiya ya aminta.
Finfin dorsal yayi ƙanƙanta kuma yana kusa da caudal.
Tunda kifin shinkafa sun yaɗu ko'ina cikin duniya, suna rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai ƙwanƙwasa da ruwa, suna da daidaitawa ta zamani.
Misali, medaka ko kifin shinkafa na Jafananci, suna zaune a Japan, Korea, China, da Javanese a duk tsibirin Java, har zuwa Thailand.
Amma me game da barawo, saboda yana da kyau, kuma yana zaune ne kawai a tsibirin Sulawesi? Yana da bambanci sosai wanda yakan daidaita da kyau a cikin ruwa na gida, ya isa kawai don kare shi da cire chlorine da sauran ƙazanta.
Sun fi dauke shi a cikin kananan aquariums, Nano-aquariums, tare da tsire-tsire, alal misali, herbalists tare da mosses. Sau da yawa a cikin irin waɗannan kifayen ruwa babu ma tacewa ta ciki. Kuma wannan ba matsala bane, ya isa don maye gurbin wani ɓangaren ruwa a kai a kai a cikin akwatin kifaye kuma cire nitrates da ammoniya.
Hakanan basa raguwa zuwa zazzabi ruwa, 23 - 27 ° C maimakon kewayon. Abubuwan da suka dace don kiyaye kifin shinkafa sune: pH: 6.0 - 7.5, taurin 90 - 268 ppm.
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna abu ɗaya, ɓarayi na barawo tsalle da ƙarfi! A akwatin kifaye dole ne a rufe, in ba haka ba su mutu.
Wannan kifin da alama an haife shi ne don ƙananan ƙananan ruwa; Barin sarari kyauta a tsakiya kuma dasa gefuna tare da tsire-tsire. Yawancin lokaci suna zama a wuraren da kwararar take ƙanƙanta ko ba ta nan, don haka ya fi kyau mu guji ƙazantar ƙazanta a cikin akwatin kifaye, ko rarraba shi a ko'ina, ta hanyar sarewa.
A cikin irin wannan akwatin kifaye, garken yana ciyar da mafi yawan rana a cikin tsaka-tsakin tsakiya, kusa da gilashin gaban, yana jiran abinci na gaba.
Yarbuwa
Babu shakka cutarwa, manufa don janar na cikin ruwa da ƙananan aquariums. Maza na iya shirya faɗa saboda mace, amma suna wucewa ba tare da raunin rauni ba.
Yana da kyau a ajiye a cikin fakiti, daga kifaye 8, tare da sauran nau'in salama, alal misali, tare da kyanwa, ƙwallan ƙwal, ƙanana da ƙananan tetra.
A bu mai kyau kada a hada tare da sauran nau'ikan kifin shinkafa, tunda zazzagewa zai yiwu.
Kiwo
Kawai ana bred ko da a cikin ruwa na gama gari, mace tana sanya ƙwai 10-20 na kwanaki da yawa, wani lokacin kullun.
Ciyarwa yakan fara safiya tun da sassafe, namiji yana da launi mai haske kuma yana fara kare karamin yanki daga wasu maza, yayin gayyatar mace a wurin.
Tashin hankali na iya wuce watanni da yawa, tare da katsewar wasu ranaku.
Caviar ya kasance mai ɗorewa, kuma yawanci yana kama da dunƙule wanda ya makale wa matar sai ta yi iyo da shi awanni da yawa.
Bayan namiji ya hadar da shi, mace tayi iyo a cikin akwatin ruwa tare da qwai har qwai ya tsaya ga tsirrai ko wasu abubuwa a cikin akwatin kifin.
Shuke-shuke tare da ƙananan ganye, kamar Javanese moss ko kabomba spawning daga ɓarawo, zasuyi kyau, amma zaren roba shima yana da kyau.
Lokacin shiryawa ya dogara da zafin jiki na ruwa kuma zai iya wuce makonni 1-3.
Kodayake iyaye sun ƙi kulawa da caviar, zasu iya cin soyarsu, kuma idan hakan ta faru a cikin ruwan tekun gama gari, ana buƙatar yawancin tsire-tsire masu tsalle-tsalle don samar da mafaka. Hakanan zaka iya juyawa soya a cikin wani akwati daban ta cika da ruwa daga ruwa a wurin.
Abincin da aka fara don soya shine ƙwayar cuta da kwai gwaiduwa, kuma suna iya cin abinci na Artemia nauplii kimanin mako guda bayan haihuwa, kamar yadda suke girma da sauri.
Don guje wa cin naman mutane, soya masu girma dabam suna da kyau.
Bishiyar kamun kifi
Orizias Vovara karamin kifi ne wanda masu ruwa da tsaki a ruwa kawai suka koya game da 2010. An gano shi a Indonesia kuma masanin ilimin halitta Daisy Vovor ya fara bayyana shi, don girmama shi kifi ya sami takamaiman sunan shi. 'Oryzias' yana fassara a matsayin shinkafa - wasu membobin halittar suna zaune a filayen shinkafa. An bayyana Neon oryzia kuma sananne ne kawai a cikin gari guda, rafi ne da ake kira 'Mata air Fotuno' a tsibirin Muna, kudu maso gabashin Sulawesi (lardin Tengara). Koyaya, yana yiwuwa cewa gani yana da kewayon mafi fadi. Abin sha'awa, Sulawesi wata cibiyar ce ta bambancin al'adun Orizia - kusan nau'ikan nau'ikan 20 suna rayuwa a can. A halin yanzu, ɗabi'a guda kawai na oryzias na ɓarawo a cikin yanayi ake sani. Wannan shi ne Mata iska Fotuno creek a cikin yankin na Paris, Muna Island, lardin Sulawesi na kudu maso gabas. Wataƙila kewayon yana da fadi, saboda ba a bincika wasu wuraren har yanzu. Ruwan kogunan ruwa na gudana a cikin wani daji mai tsananin zafi, kasan su ya rufe da yashi, yashi da ganyayyaki da suka fadi.
Jikin kifin shinkafa yana da tsawo kuma yana jujjuya shi zuwa gefe, gaba da baya da kuma kai kuma suma sun bushe. Offarancin ƙaramin dorsal yana gudana a baya, kuma fin ɗin yana da girma. Oryzias jiki yana translucent da tabarau na launin toka-shuɗi. Domin samun karfin haske yayin da ake haskakawa daga hasken rana, kifin ana kiransa da isnadin oryzias. 'Yan ƙasa da ke ƙasa kuma fenti na ciki ana zanen su a cikin launin shuɗi. A kan caudal fin akwai jan edging. Maza manya sun fi haske kuma suna da launi, suna da tsawon fins tare da haskoki kuma suna da kamannin jikin mutum fiye da mace. Insan ragowar maza na taɓar da gajeren bututu - gonopodia, alhali kuwa a cikin mace suna da hawa biyu. Maza sun fi ƙanƙanta ƙasa, mafi siriri, suna da launi mai haske, ban da wannan, sun nuna ƙarshen ƙusoshin. A cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye, girman kifin ya kai: maza - 3 cm, mace 3.5 cm.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa an samo nau'in halitta a cikin yanayi a wuri guda, kayan ado na barawo sun dace da yanayi daban-daban a cikin akwatin kifaye. Gaskiya ne, launinta yana faduwa cikin ruwa mai wahala. Kifayen Rice suna cin artemia kuma suna yanke tubule, bloodworms, microbeads. Orizias suna da kwanciyar hankali, ban da haka, suna da ƙarami kaɗan, za su zama cikakkiyar cikakkiyar dacewa ga yawancin halittu. Da tabbaci, tsoro na ɓarayi - amma suna yin aiki mafi kyau cikin rukuni na 8 ko fiye da mutane.
Wadannan kifayen suna da ban sha'awa a cikin ilimin halittarsu. Suna girma cikin watanni 4-6. Don kiwo yawanci ana amfani da aquariums na lita 12-15 tare da tsire-tsire masu iyo a ƙasa. Ruwa ya zama mai laushi, zai fi dacewa peaty. Ciyarda kai yakan faru ne bayan tsananin ladabi na miji ga mace. Namiji yana hadi da ƙwayaye lokacin ɗaukar ciki, lokacin da namiji yakan rufe jikin mace da fin fin fin.
Daga 12 zuwa 35 ƙwai, waɗanda aka haɗa ta hanyar filoli na bakin ciki, an dakatar dasu a cikin nau'i na bunch of inabi a buɗe jikin mace. Bayan sun bar jikin mace, qwai sun rataye a karkashin mahaifanta akan gajerun bakin bakin, wanda, a lokacin hailar cikin kwai, mai yiwuwa ya taka rawar igiyar cibiyar. Matar ta yi iyo tare da caviar na wani lokaci, har sai nauyin ya ɓace, yana kama wani abu. Matar tana ɗaukar ƙwai zuwa tsire-tsire, inda suke rataye tsawon kwanaki 3-10, kuma wani lokacin makonni biyu, sannan sai a soya ƙyallen daga gare su, wanda nan da nan zai iya ciyar da ciliates. Ana ɗaukar Artemia don kwanaki 4-5. Girma na soya ne spasmodic, sannan suka girma, sannan suka daina girma.
Habitat
Thoris Orisias suna zaune a Indonesiya, a cikin tsibirin kata na Mata Air Fotuno, wanda ke gudana a yankin kudu maso gabashin lardin Sulawesi na kudu maso gabas, a tsibirin Muna. Kimanin nau'ikan kifin shinkafa 20 suna zaune a nan. Ruwan sama yana ɗaukar ruwansa ta hanyar dajin. Ofasan rafin ya ƙunshi yashi, laka, tushen itace, ganyayyaki da ya fadi da kuma snags.
Masana kimiyya sun ba da shawarar cewa barawo oryzias na zaune a wasu wuraren ajiyar ruwa na Indonesia. Ba zai yiwu a tabbatar ko musanta hakan ba, tunda akwai yankuna da ba a yi karatu da yawa ba a cikin tarin tsibirin na Malay.
Shirye-shiryen akwatin kifaye
Don kifin shinkafa, akwatin kifaye tare da ƙaramin lita 35 ko fiye ya dace. Ya kamata a rufe akwatin kifaye tare da murfi, kamar yadda oryzias sau da yawa tsalle daga ruwa.
Idan kana son tarkace dabbobin ka - kirkira yanayi a garesu wadanda suke da kusancin halitta. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da ƙasa mai yashi, duwatsu masu rufe kankara da daskararre. Tsire-tsire suna kewayen kewaye da tafki kuma a farfajiya.
KYAUTA: ofasan Mata Air Fotuno, wacce kifin shinkafa ke zaune, an rufe ta da ganyayyaki da suka faɗi. Idan kana son ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau don dabbobin gidanka, ka jefa ofan ganye kaɗan na busassun ganye a cikin ruwa.
Oryzias woworae yana jin daɗin kwanciyar hankali a cikin rukuni na mutane 6 na nau'ikansa. Lokacin da aka tsare shi shi kadai, kifin ya zama mai nutsuwa kuma yana jin kunya, rayuwarsa tana raguwa.
Tsarin ruwa
Don oryzias, sigogin ruwa mai zuwa sun fi dacewa:
- zazzabi 23-27 ° C,
- acidity na raka'a 5-7.5,
- taurin 5-15 raka'a,
- na yau da kullun da sarrafawa,
- sauyin mako zuwa 25% na ruwa.
Idan sigogin ruwa ya dace da ƙananan dabbobi, to, launin ruwan su zai yi haske da cika. Idan jikin kifin shinkafa ya lalace, to jaririn yana jin da daɗi.
MUHIMMI: Idan oryzias mai gurɓataccen abu, ƙara ruwa ko ruwan gishiri a cikin akwatin kifaye a farashin 1 gram a kowace lita na ruwa. Wannan zai taimaka kifin ya dawo da sauri kuma ya magance damuwa.
Ciyar da abinci
Oryazias na kifi na Rice suna ba da kowane nau'in abinci a cikin ƙananan ƙananan. Ana ba da rigakafin jini da tubules tare da taka tsantsan, tunda kifayen ba su narke waɗannan abinci da kyau ba. Wasu lokuta dabbobi sukan yi kama da gurnetin daga bushe, kayan lambu da abinci mai rai. An zaɓi fifiko don ciyarwa, wanda ya haɗa da kayan wuta.
MUHIMMI: Idan kuna ciyar da barawo da oryzias kawai tare da bushe abinci, to launin su zai bushe akan lokaci. Komawa ga tsoffin dabbobin gidanka na kyakkyawa suna buƙatar ƙara abinci mai gina jiki a cikin abincinsu.
Maƙwabta akwatin kifayen
Barawo na Orizias yana da halayen ƙauna na zaman lafiya kuma yana da kyau tare da wakilan sauran nau'ikan da ke da bambanci iri ɗaya.
Manyan maƙwabta na kamun shinkafa sune:
- parsing
- microassays,
- gilashin gilashi guda takwas,
- kananan nau'ikan ruwan sama,
- dwarf
- sarkar kifi
- karamin loricaria,
- shrimp caridine da neocaridine.
ATTENTION: Aurizias suna yin yawancin lokacinsu a cikin ruwa na sama. Saboda haka, sun dace da Antsistruses, corridors, loricaria da sauran ƙananan kifin.
Kiwo
Orisias na barawo a sauƙaƙe zuriyarsa. Kifi tsinke da kuma sa qwai da safe. Launin maza ya yi duhu, yana ƙoƙarin lalata da mace da korar wasu maza daga gare ta.
Kowace rana, mace tana hadiye ƙwai 10-20, wanda take sa na ɗan wani lokaci a ƙarƙashin ƙasan ciki. Bayan ɗan lokaci, sai ta girgiza ƙwayayen da ke haɗuwa a ganyen tsire-tsire.
Idan spawning faruwa a cikin wani akwatin kifaye daban, to, masu kera ya kamata a transeded a cikin babban akwatin kifaye nan da nan bayan sun dage farawa qwai.
Ya kamata a watsa shi da aka soya sosai a cikin wani akwatin kifaye daban, in ba haka ba za su zama abincin iyayensu. Ya kamata a ciyar da jarirai tare da infusoria, kuma daga mako guda - tare da nauplii da artemia.
Ta haka ne, kayan adon ɓarawo zasu faranta maigidan su da halin nutsuwa da halin rashin ma'ana. Kifi da sauri ya saba da sabon yanayi kuma yana iya haifuwa cikin sauki a kamo shi. A cikin kyakkyawan yanayi, wannan jaririn zai zauna a cikin akwatin kifaye har zuwa shekaru 4.
Dokokin Abun ciki
Barayi na Orizias sun dace da ruwan mai kyau, ko ruwa mai ruwa. Ana ajiye su a cikin ruwaye na ƙasashe daban-daban, inda yanayi zai iya zama na wurare masu zafi ko yanayin ƙasa. Za a iya samun kifin shinkafa na Japan a cikin ruwayoyin a cikin Korea, Japan, da China. Oryzias woworae Javanese ana sayar da shi ne a Thailand.
Barawo na Orizias, wanda ya fito daga tsibirin Sulawesi, godiya ga kwatankwacin tabbatarwa da kulawa, zai iya rayuwa har cikin yanayin namu (yanayin yanki mai tsauri). Yana da mahimmanci a kula da yawan zafin jiki mafi kyau da tsabtaccen ruwa. Za a iya sanya kifin Rice a cikin Nano-akwatin kifaye, karamin tanki mai tsire-tsire, mosses, kayan ado da mafaka. Tsarin ƙasa ba na zaɓi bane amma kyawawa don kula da tsabta. A kai a kai suna maye gurbin 20% na ruwa tare da sabo, kula da matakan ammoniya da nitrates a cikin tafkin.
Abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar don kiyayewa a cikin akwatin kifaye: zazzabi ruwa 23-27 о С, tauri - 4-18 dH, acidity - 6.0-7.5 pH. Rufe tanki domin kada kifayen da suke a ƙasa. Bar tsakiyar akwatin kifayen kyauta don iyo, kuma dasa bangon gefen tare da bushes na tsire-tsire na cikin ruwa. Kuna iya zaɓar mosses (Javanese, Thai), tsirrai masu iyo, tsire-tsire mafi girma. Ba sa cutar da kore - ba su ja ko tsage shi daga ƙasa.
Filter a cikin akwatin kifaye kada ya kasance mai ƙarfi - oryzias baya son saurin gudana. A garken kifi suna iyo a matsakaicin matakin ruwa, kuma a gilashin gaba, suna jiran ciyarwa ta gaba. A cikin mazaunin daji, kifin shinkafa ya fi son kama kwari, ku ci fim ɗin halittu daga saman ruwa, ku nemi ƙwai sauran kifayen. Samfuran kifayen dabbobi ba za su yi watsi da raye-raye, kayan gargajiya da na daskarewa ba Abincin yakamata ya zama karami, saboda bakin barawo yana da karamin bakin.
Kifin Rice yana da yanayin kwanciyar hankali da kwanciyar hankali, saboda haka za'a iya zaunar dashi a cikin ruwan tebur na kowa tare da ƙananan nau'in kifaye. Tsakanin kansu, maza Oryzias woworae na iya yin gwagwarmaya don hankalin mata, amma raunin da ya samu bai samu ba. Zai fi kyau a kula da garken kifaye 8, a cikin kaɗaici, kifin zai zama mai nutsuwa kuma mai jin kunya, wanda zai gajarta rayuwarsa. An bada shawara don shirya tare da Neon, parsing, ƙananan tetra. Idan kun daidaita tare da wasu nau'in kifin shinkafa, yana yiwuwa a sami zuriya mai yawa, wanda ba a so.
Dubi akwatin kifayen tare da ɓarayi da kyankyasai shumar shuɗi.
Yadda za a yi kiwo a cikin akwatin kifaye na kowa?
Orisiases na iya zama cikin ragunan gama gari, idan ba maƙil a wurin. Koyaya, suna iya yin asali tsawon watanni, don haka yakamata a kirkiro yanayin rayuwa mafi kyau ga zuriyar kifaye. An ba da shawarar a ƙara yawan zafin jiki zuwa 26-27 ° C. Aan makonni kaɗan kafin farashi, masu buƙatar suna buƙatar ciyar da abinci na yau da kullun.
Sake bugun yana faruwa da safe, lokacin da namiji ya zama mai haske da launi, kuma yana kiyaye yankinsa daga faɗar wasu maza. Zai kira mace, wanda bayan ya ɓata zai kwanta ƙwai 10-20. A cikin 'yan kwanaki, za ta sake yin masonon. Spawning na iya wuce tsawon, watanni 2-3, a gajerun tazara.
Qwai ya fito mai laushi, karami, a cikin irin curin da yake jikin jikin mace. Bayan hadi, ƙwai za su faɗi ƙasa, su manne da kayan adon ko tsire-tsire. Zaren siliki don daskararre, ƙanshin wuta, da kabomb na iya zama maɓallin canji don daskarewa.
Shiryawa yana da yawa makonni. Namiji da mace ba sa taɓa qwai, ko da yake, suna iya cin soya. Don mafaka na jarirai a cikin tanki ya kamata ya kasance akwai tsire-tsire da yawa tare da ƙananan ganye.Hakanan, za a iya sanya soya a cikin tanki, inda ya fi kyau zuba ruwa daga tanki gama gari. Abincin farko don soya oryzias shine kwai gwaiduwa (yankakken), microworm, brine shrimp. A tsawon lokaci, zai fi kyau a raba ɗan ɓoye don ƙananan ƙananan kifayen ba za su ci juna ba.
