Yankin Yankakken Hakori - Pike Sanin kowa da kowa tun yana ƙuruciya, kawai kuna buƙatar tuna da labarin Emelya. Dayawa zasu so su kama irin wannan sihirin wanda ya cika buri. A cikin ƙasarmu, wannan kifin ba sabon abu bane, yana ƙaunar jikkunan ruwa masu tsafta. Amma ban da na kowa Pike, akwai wasu iri. Mun koya duk game da wannan kifin na karnuka dalla-dalla, tare da bincika halayensa, yanayin rayuwa da sauran mahimman kayan aikin.
Asalin gani da kwatancin
Pike kifi ne mai tsinkaye na dangin Pike, ajin kifaye masu launin rayukan ruwa da kuma tsari irin na pike. Don ci gaba zuwa bayanin wannan kifin, kuna buƙatar rarrabe nau'ikansa, saboda sun banbanta da juna ba kawai a wuraren rarraba ba, har ma a fasali na waje. Halin halittar Pike yana da nau'ikan kifaye bakwai. A kan iyakar ƙasarmu akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan pike guda biyu - gama gari da Amur, sauran raguna biyar suna masu rijista akan yankin Arewacin Amurka.
Pike na kowa shine mafi yawa, yana zaune a Arewacin Amurka da Eurasia. Zamuyi cikakken bayani game da wannan nau'in a gaba; akan misalinsa zamuyi la'akari da yanayin sifofin kifi.
Firayim mai launin ja (ɗan Amurka) yana da mazaunin dindindin a gabashin yankin na Arewacin Amurika kuma an kasafta shi zuwa ƙasashe biyu: tsohuwar jaja maraƙin ja da ciyawa (ɗan kudu). Tsawon waɗannan ƙananan tallafin zai iya kaiwa zuwa 45 cm, kuma taro yana kusan kilogram. Wani fasali mai kyau na waɗannan pikes shine mafi gajarta kai. Pike na fure basu da launin ruwan lemo akan ƙusoshin.
Bidiyo: Pike
Maskinong pike ragin ne. Ita ce mafi girma a danginta. Sunan ta a cikin harshen Indiyawan yana nufin "mummunar pike." Hakanan ana kiranta giant, saboda samfuran balagaggu na iya wuce mita ɗaya da rabi, kuma suna da nauyin kilogram 32. Launi na iya zama azur, launin kore, launin ruwan kasa, kuma a ɓangarorin kifaye ana tagar ko an ɗora su.
Pike (baƙar fata) mai kama yana da kama da kamanni ga Pike na gama gari, tsawon jikinsa na iya kaiwa zuwa 60 cm, kuma adadin sa na iya kusan kilo 2, duk da cewa akwai samfurori masu nauyin kilogram huɗu. A gefen wannan boka akwai wani tsari da yayi kama da na Musa, kuma kusan bakin tebirin ya wuce gaban kifin.
Amur pike ba shi da ƙima ga girman Pike na yau da kullun, samfuran mafi girma na iya isa fiye da nisan mita ɗaya, kuma nauyinsu ya kai kilo 20. Siffar kifayen tana da ƙarami kuma tana da launi mai launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, launin shuɗi yana ko'ina cikin jikin pike, wanda ke sa launinta ya yi kama da na planten.
Akwai hybrids na pike, bred da mutum yayi. Irin waɗannan mutane ba su dace da yaduwa a cikin daji ba, saboda haka, ba su da yawan jama'a masu zaman kansu.
Bayyanar fasali da fasali
An bayyana bayyanar pike da dukkan sifofinsa ta misalin wani talakawa, wanda adadinsa ya bambanta daga kilogiram 25 zuwa 35, tsayin jikinsa ya kai mita daya da rabi. Siffar Pike tana da kamannin wuta, shugaban kifin mai girma, yana da tsawo sosai, saboda yana da jaws. Ja ta sama tayi birgima zuwa qasan, kuma wannan, a biyun, ya haɗu gaba. Wannan alama ce ta maƙiyi. A ƙananan muƙamuƙi, hakora suna da ma'auni daban-daban, wanda ke sauƙaƙe kama wanda aka azabtar.
Daga sama, hakora sun fi ƙanƙanta kuma suna duba tare da aya kai tsaye zuwa cikin makogwaron kifi. Saboda wannan fasalin, wanda aka kama yana saurin hadiye shi, amma kusan ba shi yiwuwa ya kuɓuta. Canjin hakora halayyar pikes ne, amma hakora baya canzawa lokaci guda, wannan tsari yana faruwa a matakai. Idanun maharbi sunfi girma kuma sunada kyau sosai, wannan na taimaka mata ta hango wani babban yanki ba tare da juyawa ba.
Idan muka yi magana game da launi na pike, to, yana faruwa daban. Ya dogara da tafki inda kifin ya zauna, akan ciyawar da ta mamaye can da kuma lokacin da ƙaddara ce kanta.
Babban sautin kifin na iya zama:
- launin kore mai launin shuɗi
- launin shuɗi
- launin toka-tokare
- azurfa (wanda aka samo a cikin kifin lake).
A baya, Pike koyaushe yana da launi mai duhu, kuma a ɓangarorin kifayen akwai launin fari ko launin shuɗi ko launin rawaya ko gefuna a ƙetaren. Insarancin piafa na pike hade da launuka masu ruwan shuɗi, da ƙusoshin da ba a daure su na iya zama ruwan hoda ko launin toka da yellowness. Duk ƙefa suna da nau'i mai zagaye wanda aka haɗa, ciki har da wutsiya.
An lura cewa daidaikun mata masu girman jiki sun fi girman maza, yanayinsu ba ya daɗewa kuma burin rayuwarsu ya daɗe.
Budewar maza a cikin maza da mata sun sha bamban. A cikin maza akwai kunkuntar, mai tsine-kamar, yana da launi na ciki, kuma a cikin mace yana kama da fasalin tsalle-tsalle, wanda a bayyane mai ruwan hoda mai haske.
Wani saɓanin sabon abu game da girmansa a tsakanin masunta.
- ciyawa, wacce ke rayuwa a cikin kananan koguna da tabkuna, tsayin dakarta a lokuta da dama ba sa wuce rabin m, kuma adadin bai wuce kilo biyu ba,
- An samo zurfin pike a cikin koguna mai zurfi da manyan tafkuna, inda zurfin zai iya zama sama da mita biyar. Irin waɗannan mutane suna girma zuwa mita ɗaya da rabi a tsayi kuma suna da nauyin 35, amma ana samun su sau da yawa akan kilo biyu zuwa biyar.
Irin wannan nau'in kifi yana da sharadin kuma a kimiyance bashi da goyan bayan kowace hanya. Wataƙila, matasa suna rayuwa cikin ruwa mai zurfi don kar su zama abincin manyan 'yan uwansu abincin dare, kuma akwai wadatar abinci a bakin. Pikes na manya suna son zurfafawa, suna sha'awar hadarurrukan iska da ramuka na cikin ruwa.
Ina pike yake zaune?
Hoto: Dabbobin Pike
Pike asalinsa mazaunin gaɓoɓin ruwa mai laushi wanda ke cikin Eurasia da Arewacin Amurka. Zai iya zama da ƙaunar bangarorin bakin teku biyu waɗanda ke cike da ciyawa, ciyayi, da raƙuman ruwa da ramuka waɗanda ke zurfafan zurfafan ruwa.
Grassy (ɗan kudu) pike suna zaune a Kogin Mississippi da sauran kogunan da ke gudu zuwa Tekun Atlantika. Pike (maraɗi) pike ya fi son ya zauna a cikin manyan layuka da koguna masu yawa daga kudancin Kanada zuwa jihar Florida ta Amurka; mazauninsa ya kai Manyan Tabkuna da Kogin Mississippi. Amur pike suna zaune a cikin tafkuna na Tsibirin Sakhalin, har ma a cikin Kogin Amur. Jirgin ruwan Italiya ya zaɓi ruwan arewacin da tsakiyar Italiya.
Hakanan Pike yana jin daɗi a cikin ruwan tekunan da aka yanke tsammani. Misali, a cikin ruwan finiyanci na Finnish, da na Curonian, da na Riga na Tekun Baltic, a cikin Taganrog na Tekun Azov.
A kan iyakar kasarmu, talakawa na zaune a kusan dukkan ruwa na biyu. Tana zaune a cikin manyan koguna da koguna, tafkuna, tafkuna. Wannan maƙiyin ɓarna ba shi da ma'anar zabar wurin zamansa na dindindin, anan ana iya kwatanta shi da irin kifin da ba na al'ada ba.
A cikin lagos, matasa kean wasan pike na zaune a gefen tekun a cikin ciyawa a ƙarƙashin ciyawa, kwale-kwalen nutsar da ruwa ya nutsar. Suna girma zuwa kilo uku - hudu, suna motsawa zurfi cikin tafkunan, suna samun mafakarsu a cikin ramuka da kuma raƙuman ruwa. A cikin koguna, manya da manya manya ke zaune a bakin tekun.
Yawancin mutane sunyi kuskure cewa pike na iya rayuwa tsawon ƙarni da yawa, wannan ba haka bane. Yawanci, pikes suna rayuwa daga shekaru 18 zuwa 20, akwai samfurori na mutum guda ɗaya waɗanda suka rayu zuwa 30, amma wannan yana da matuƙar wuya. Sau da yawa idan akwai karancin iskar oxygen a cikin ruwa, kisa yana faruwa, yawanci wannan yakan faru ne a cikin hunturu a cikin wasu ƙananan ruwa na rufe.
Me pike ke ci?
Hoto: Pike a cikin ruwa
A lokutan da aka saba ciyar da fashin jirgi suna sanyin safiya da maraice, a yayin da ranar da maharmar take yin narkewa, tana hutawa a wani wurin da ba kowa. Zhor a cikin Pike yana faruwa sau uku a shekara, sannan ta ci abinci a kusa da agogo. Zhor ta farko tana faruwa ne gabanin ɓarkewa (galibi a watan Maris-Afrilu), na biyu ya zo ne bayan spawning (a cikin Mayu-Yuni), na uku kuma yakan faru ne a watan Agusta-Satumba, wani lokacin kuma a watan Oktoba.
A cikin menu na mai tsananin kaifi-kafada mai tsini, babban adadin kifaye daban-daban, Pike ya ci:
Kada kayi mamaki cewa wannan kifin na cin abincin yana cin dangin sa da walwala. Cannibalism yana bunƙasa a cikin yanayin pike, kamar yadda kowa ya ci ɗan ƙaramin faranta rai da jin daɗi, saboda haka waɗannan kifayen suna zama shi kaɗai suna rayuwa dabam da juna. A lokacin bazara ne ko kuma a farkon lokacin bazara, kifin ƙwarya da kyankyasar kifi waɗanda ke kan hanya suna yin motsi.
Akwai lokuta lokacin da wani jirgi ya kama kuma ya ja a ƙarƙashin ruwa ƙananan ducklings, bera, squirrels, mice, waders, iyo iyo kogin.
Manyan mutane da yawa na Pike na iya kai hari a kan ducks, wannan yafi faruwa lokacin da tsuntsaye suke molt kuma basa iya zurfin iska. Hakanan, manyan masu farautar sun sami nasarar kamun kifi, wanda girmansa shine rabin mafarauci ko ma ƙari kaɗan. Masana kimiyya da ke nazarin abincin Pike sun gano cewa matsakaiciyar matsakaiciyar menu ta ƙunshi kifayen, wanda ba shi da mahimmanci kuma yana da yawa, don haka Pike yana da matukar muhimmanci ga gonakin kifaye da yawa, saboda yana hana haɓatar tafkunan.
Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa
Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, pikes sun fi son zama shi kaɗai, wanda ba abin mamaki bane, saboda koyaushe suna haɗarin zama waɗanda ke fama da danginsu mafi girma. Lokaci ne kawai wasu ƙananan ƙananan squint zasu iya farauta, suna kafa ƙaramin garke. A kowane jikin ruwa, pike yana neman daskararru na ruwa, inda yake daskarewa, yana jiran wanda aka azabtar. Ganin abun ciye-ciye nasa, Pike yayi wani sauri mai sauri tare da kara amo daya.
Kifin matsakaitan matsakaici ya mallaki yankin nasu, wanda ya kama girmansa daga murabba'in mita 20 zuwa 30, kuma manyan mutane na da dabarun da suka kai muraba'in mita 70. Dayawa daga cikin magabatan da yawa na rayuwa akan lokaci daya. Sukan farauta, yayin da mai satar ya shiga cikin narkewa, ɗayan kuma yana jiran ganima. Rikicin nasara da pikes ana taimaka masa ba kawai ta hangen nesa ba, har ma ta hanyar layi wanda ke inganta daidaituwa a sararin samaniya (hankulan gabbai).
Pike koyaushe yana haɗiye ganima, yana farawa daga kai, koda kuwa an kama shi a ƙasan jikin.
Lokacin da yanayin ya yi sanyi da rana, har ma manyan pikes sun bayyana a cikin ruwa mara nauyi don ɗaukar wanka na rana, saboda haka wani lokacin zaku iya lura da babban gungu na irin wannan kifin mai ɗumi. Isar da iskar shakar oxygen game da pike yana da matukar mahimmanci, saboda kifin yana da matukar mahimmanci ga wannan mai nuna alama kuma yana iya mutuwa idan ya rasa, kamar yadda yake faruwa sau da yawa a cikin manyan tafki a cikin lokutan hunturu.
Gabaɗaya, pike ƙaunar sanyi ne. An tabbatar da cewa kifin da ke zaune a yankuna na arewacin ya girma tsawon lokaci kuma ya fi tsawon shekaru fiye da na Pike da ke zaune a cikin ruwan kudu, don haka yanayi ya tsara.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Pan matan da ke yin jima'i na jima'i suna zama kusan shekaru huɗu na rayuwa, kuma maza zuwa biyar. Matsakaicin zafin jiki don farkon farawar ya kasance daga digiri 3 zuwa 6 tare da alamar alama. Ciyarwa tana faruwa nan da nan bayan dusar kankara ta narke, ba ta da nisa da tekun, inda zurfin ruwan bai wuce mita ɗaya ba. A wannan lokacin, ana iya ganin Pike a cikin ruwa mara zurfi, inda ake jin fashewar tashin hankali. Yawancin lokaci, ƙananan samfurori suna fara farawa da farko, sannan kifi mai nauyi ya haɗa su.
Duk da cewa pike ta kasance loner ta yanayi, a lokacin lokacin kiwo, waɗannan kifayen sun zama ƙananan garken da suka ƙunshi maza da yawa (daga guda 3 zuwa 5) da mace ɗaya. Mace, a matsayinta na jagora, yin iyo a gaban, kuma maza suna bin ta, suna manne wa gefenta ko kuma suna saman bayanta. Wnwararrun pikes na iya shafawa a kan busasshen itace, Tushen, ciyayi da sandunan cattail, don haka suka yi tsalle. Lokacin da ƙarewa ya ƙare, fashewar abubuwa masu ƙarfi ba sabon abu bane, kuma wasu pikes suna yin tsalle mai tsayi.
Abincin soya ya haɓaka daga ɗayan zuwa makonni biyu, kuma menu na maraƙin ya haɗa da ƙananan ɓawon burodi, kuma kaɗan bayan haka, soya na wani kifi.
Piaya daga cikin Pike na iya sa daga 17 zuwa 215,000 m ƙwai tare da diamita of about 3 mm. Yawan su kai tsaye ya dogara da girman mace. Da farko sun manne da tsire-tsire na ruwa. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, qwai ya daina zama mai danshi kuma ya nutse har zuwa kasan, yana cire haɗin daga tsire-tsire, inda suke ci gaba da haɓaka. Idan, bayan tsabtacewa, ruwa ya fara raguwa cikin hanzari, to ƙwai yawancinsu suna mutuwa.
Yana faruwa cewa qwai sun tsaya ga dabbobin tsuntsayen da ke cinye su, saboda haka ana tura su zuwa wasu jikin ruwa, inda a baya ba a lura da kwalekwalen ba.
Yana da mahimmanci a cikin cewa a cikin wuraren rijistar inda halin da ake ciki yana da wahala tare da abinci, pike soya, wanda ya kai rabin santimita a cikin girman kawai, fara cin abincin juna a irin wannan shekarun matasa.
Gaskiya abokan gaban Pike
Hoto: Dabbobin Pike
Duk da cewa pike da kanta mai yawan ci, mai saurin rikicewa kuma yana da jini, yana da makiya waɗanda ba sa ƙin cin abincin. Otters da mikiya, waɗanda suke son cin kowane irin kifi, ciki har da matattara mai ƙarancin ƙarfi, ana iya rarrabe su azaman masu ɗaukar kaya. A cikin koguna na Siberiya, Pike ya yi gasa tare da planten, wanda yake yin tarayya da mai ƙaddara iri ɗaya da kyakkyawa;
Pike da ke zaune a cikin ruwan kudancin yana tsammanin wani maras kyau-babban kifi. Idan babban kifi ya riga ya sami makiya, to, soya da haɓaka matasa sun fi wahalar rayuwa, galibi suna zama ganima da jijiyar wuya, manyan dabbobi. Kar ku manta cewa pike da kanta yake cin takwarorinta, ba da kulawa sosai game da dangi.
A cikin wasu layukan arewacin, Pike cannibalism yana bunƙasa; a can, pikes suna ciyar da irin nasu kawai. Sarkar abinci a waɗancan wuraren yana kama da wannan: soya ci kananan crustaceans, soya ne ke cin abincin dangi na matsakaici, kuma na ƙarshen ya zama mai son karin dangi mai nauyi.
Hakanan ana iya danganta shi ga maƙiyan wannan maharbin, saboda gata ce mai daraja ga yawancin masunta da ke farauta. A wasu yankuna, ba a sarrafa kifin Pike ta kowace hanya kuma yawanci suna da yawa. Bugu da kari, kifaye da yawa suna mutuwa dangane da kashe-kashen hunturu, yawanci suna faruwa ne a cikin kananan tafkuna.
Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu
Hoto: Pike karkashin ruwa
A yanzu, pike, a matsayin jinsin kifayen, baya haifar da wata damuwa game da yawan yalwar sa. Matsakaicin rarrabuwar wannan maharbin yana da faɗi, a kusan kowace jikin ruwa maƙasudin kamun kifi ne. A Rasha, ana rarraba pike kusan ko'ina. A cikin Urals, shine mafi yawan wakilai na fauna na cikin ruwa.
Masana ilimin kimiyya sun lura cewa yanzu babban pike yana ƙara ƙanƙanta. Wannan na iya zama saboda gaskiyar cewa a tsakiyar ƙarni na ƙarshe akwai kama kifaye masu ƙyalli masu yawa, wanda ya haifar da canje-canje a cikin tsarin yawan Pike. Pian ƙananan pike suna ƙoƙari su fantsama da ƙuruciya, saboda haka adadin kifin mai matsakaici yana ƙaruwa cikin sauri, kuma babba ya zama mai ƙarancin ƙarfi.
Pike yana da mahimmancin kasuwanci; an buge shi da yawa a cikin tafkuna masu yawa, inda yake jin kwanciyar hankali. Nama wannan kifin ana ɗaukar shi mai cin abinci ne da amfani sosai. Duk wasanni da kamun kifi ba za su iya tunanin rayuwarsu ba tare da jirgi mai kyau, wanda shine babban kifi ga kowane masunta. Yana da kyau wannan kifin ya bazu kuma yalwar sa na wannan lokacin ba ya gabatar da wata damuwa. Babban abu shine a ci gaba da wannan hanyar gaba.
A ƙarshe, ya fi kyau a ƙara cewa Pike Ba shi da amfani ga mutumin da ya yi amfani da shi kawai a cikin yanayin kifayen kuma a matsayin abu na kamun kifi, amma kuma ga tafki inda wannan maharbin yake zaune, ba shi da wata fa'ida ta cin ƙananan kifaye masu yawa, ta yadda zai hana sararin ruwa ruwa wurin adanawa.
Nau'in Pike
Iyalin Shchukov suna da manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan pike 7.Bari mu zauna akan kowane ɗayansu:
- Talakawa - dangi da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari, mafi yawancin ramuka na Arewacin Amurka da Turai. Mutane daban-daban na matsakaici, har zuwa mita 1.5 da nauyinsa ya kai kilo 7-8. Zaku iya haɗuwa da irin wannan kifin a jikin m ruwa, buhu da kuma gaɓar tekun.
- Ba’amurke - yana zaune shi kaɗai a gabashin Arewacin Amurka. Pretty kananan mutane, to 80 cm a tsawon kuma nauyi zuwa 1 kg. Distinwararren fasalin shine ɗan gajeren hancinsa da kuma tsammanin rayuwar tazara - shekaru 8-9 kawai.
- Black (taguwa) wani wakili ne na halittar da ke rayuwa a cikin ruwan Arewacin Amurka. A waje suna kama da wani tsohuwar jirgin sama, amma, a tsawon sa basu kai fiye da 60 cm tare da matsakaicin nauyin kilogram 4 ba. Tsarin halayyar mosaic a garesu da yanki mai duhu sama da idanun mutane alama ce ta jinsin halittar. Gida mai jin daɗi - sassan jikin ruwa tare da ciyayi. Abincin baƙar fata na pikes galibi yana wakiltar dabbobin da ba su da ma'ana, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da kwanciyar hankali.
- Amurskaya mazaunin ruwan ruwa ne na tsibirin Sakhalin da Kogin Amur, wanda ya kai nisan kilogram 115, kuma nauyinsa ya kai kilo 20. Don wannan nau'in Pike, launi na azurfa na sikeli shine halayyar, ƙasa da kullun zinariya-kore. Yawancin duhu duhu akan ciki da kuma bayan baya sun sa wannan nau'in yayi kama da planten.
- Kudancin (Italiyanci) - daga sunan ya bayyana sarai cewa wannan nau'in yana zaune a cikin ɗakunan ajiya na tsakiya da arewacin Italiya. Shekaru da yawa ana amfani da su a matsayin mafi yawan nau'in Pike na gama gari; an ware ta a matsayin wani jinsin daban a shekarar 2011 kawai.
- Aquitaine ɗan ƙaramin sanannu ne kuma ɗan ƙaramin nau'in pike, wanda aka bita a cikin 2014 kawai. Wakilai suna zaune a cikin jikunan ruwa na Faransa.
- Maskinong da gaskiya shine mafi girman nau'in nau'in Pike da ke zaune a cikin ruwan Amurka. Samfuran ɗaiɗaikun sun kai mita 1.8 a tsayi kuma suna da kimanin kilo 40, waɗanda ke da ban sha'awa da gaske. A waje, mascinong yana da kama da na yau da kullun da na Amurka, amma abubuwan motsa rai akan ƙananan muƙamai shine bambancin asali. Giant ɗin yana da azaman gargajiya, galibi mara nauyi mai launin kore, gefuna suna ado da manyan ramuka masu kama da launuka.
Girman Pike
Akwai almara na ainihi game da ƙyalli na pike a cikin kwararrun littattafai. Mene ne matakalar jirgi na Boris Godunov wanda ke nauyin kilogram 130 da tsayin 6 mita. Ku yi imani da shi ko a'a, wannan magana ce ta kowa da kowa. Za mu mayar da hankali ga sanannun sanannun kimiyya da abin dogara.
An kama mafi girman jirgi a duniya a tsakiyar 30s na ƙarni na ƙarshe akan yankin USSR, a cikin tafkin Ilmen, ya kai tsawon mita 2 kuma nauyinsa ya kai kilo 35.
Zuwa yau, masana kimiyya sun gano cewa mafi girman girman pikes suna zaune a cikin layukan arewacin Rasha. Koguna ne, ba koguna, kamar yadda mutane da yawa suka yi imani. Haka kuma, nesa da kudu, da wuya hakan zai iya kama babbar ganima.
Janar bayani
Pike kifi ne mai ruwa mai ruwa, sanannen mai farauta ne, wanda ke da wakilcin mashahuri biyu masu wakilci. Na farko shi ne na kowa jirgi wanda ke zaune a cikin koguna da wuraren da ba a barin su a cikin tekun Turai da Asiya.
Nau'i na biyu shine Pike na Amurka, wanda aka samo a cikin daji kawai a cikin koguna na Arewacin Amurka kuma ya bambanta da launi na ƙyallen - suna da ja, a Eurasia ana iya gani a hoto kawai. An ba da cikakken bayanin nau'ikan jinsin a cikin tebur.
Barga, ba hadari
Girma (matsakaici)
15-16 kg, cm 70-80 (dattijo)
Nawa ne matsakaita a rayuwa
Kifi, kwari, ruwa mai rarrafe
Maraice, dare, sanyin safiya
Spinners, masu zanen iska, abubuwan silicone
Habitat
Pike yana zaune a cikin ruwa mai tsarkakakken ruwa, amma duk da wannan ana ɗaukar cewa nau'in Hardy mai adalci ne. Ana iya samun wannan maɓallin ko da a cikin jikin ruwa tare da yanayin acidic, inda Ph ke ƙasa da 4.75. Amma duk da wannan, da wuya a sami Pike a cikin Wuraren da ke daskarewa gabaɗaya a cikin hunturu. Sakamakon karancin iskar oxygen, kifin ya mutu.
Gasar wurin rayuwar Pike ita ce koguna da sabbin wurare na tekuna. Kuna iya saduwa da kifi a cikin dukkanin kogunan ruwa na kasashen Eurasian da kuma a wani yanki na Arewacin Amurka. Yawancin lokaci, ana samun Pike a cikin kewayen teku da kuma hanyoyin ruwan teku.
Maharbar ruwa mai son ruwa ya fi son koguna tare da ɗimbin ƙasa da ciyayi mai ɗumbin yawa, wanda ke ba shi damar daidaita kansa yadda ya dace, wanda ya wajaba don farauta da tsira ga nau'in.
Mafi sau da yawa, pike yana ɓoye cikin ruwa mara zurfi, cikin ciyayi mai ruwa, ko da yake yana zurfi a lokacin zafi. A wannan lokacin, ayyukan kifi yana raguwa. Girman girma da nauyin kifin, rarar haɓaka da yalwata ya dogara da yanayin rayuwa.
Menene pike yayi kama?
Jikin mai farautar yana da sikari mai siffar siffar kibiya. Launi na sikeli ya dogara da mazauni. Zai iya zama fari-fari, launin toka-brown, zinare. Ana lura da duhu duhu ko'ina cikin jiki - wannan launi mai ɗaukar hoto ne na pike, godiya gareshi wanda yake kulawa da ɓoye tsakanin ciyayi mai ruwa kuma ya kasance wanda ba a iya ganin shi lokacin rafara.
Muck na kifi yana da fadi, mai tsawo. Bakin pike yana da fadi, tare da karkatar da ƙananan muƙamuƙin, wanda ke bayar da amintaccen kamannin ganima. Don hana wanda aka cutar ya tsere, hakora masu girma dabam suna nan a bakin matukin, yana jujjuya makogwaro.
Suna dogaro da abin da aka kama kuma ba sa barin shi ya tsere. Matsakaicin tsayin jikin mutum na shekara daya da rabi shine kusan 50 cm, amma manya, mutane da suka manyanta zasu iya kaiwa mita 1.5 da matsakaicin nauyin da ya kai kilo 6-7.
Matsakaicin nauyin maharbin ya kai kilogiram 30-35, amma irin waɗannan manyan mutane suna da wuya sosai. A matsayinka na mai mulki, masunta suna samun pikes waɗanda nauyinsu ya kasance daga 2 kilogiram kuma ba fiye da kilogram 8-10 ba.
Rayuwa
Akasin yawancin imanin da aka samu cewa pike ɗan farashi ne, wannan kifin yana haifar da yanayin kwanciyar hankali, da wuya ya canza mazauninsa na dindindin. Lokaci na ci gaba a cikin abubuwan pikes mutum ne daban-daban, ya danganta da mazauninsu, haka kuma akan irin abincin da kifin yake da shi.
A tafkunan inda Pike bashi da abinci, za a iya lura da jinkiri a girma da ci gaban kifaye. A cikin irin wannan ramuka, mafi girma jirgi zai iya kaiwa sama da 70 cm, kuma nauyinsa ya kai kilo 3, amma wannan ba iyaka ga wakilan wannan nau'in ba.
Don mafi yawan lokaci, pike yana ɗaukar halayen jira, da ɓatar da kansu ko tafiya a hankali a cikin ruwa, da fatan haɗuwa da ganima. A lokacin zafi, pike shi ne mafi ƙarancin aiki, yana ɓoye cikin zurfin.
A damina da damina, maharbin ya ƙaura zuwa cikin ruwa mara zurfi, inda yake birge irin kayan kifin, goby, perch, gudgeon, larvae crustacean da sauran dabbobi. Sau da yawa, saboda rashin abinci, wakilan nau'in suna cinye juna. A cikin hasken rana, kifi ba su da aiki.
Kiwo
Budurwa ta mace ta kai ga balaga tun shekara ta uku ta rayuwa, yayin da maza suke shirye su fara kiwo ba su wuce shekaru 4-5 ba. Mutane daya-daya wadanda suka kai ga balaga sun yi tsallake a cikin watan Maris, amma duk sun dogara da yanayin yanayin yankin da kifin ke zaune.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, tsalle-tsalle yakan faru ne a farkon mako na ɗumamar bazara, lokacin da kankara ta fara narkewa a cikin ruwan ruwa. Domin pike ya tsallake, zazzabi ruwa ya zama aƙalla digiri 3-5.
Tsarin shakatawa na kanta shine wani lamari mai ban mamaki wanda yake da ban sha'awa don kallo daga gefe. Da farko dai, thearamin yayan ya tafi spain. Mace sun wuce da farko, cikin ruwa mara nauyi, cikin ciyayi.
Kowace mace tana biye da maza 4-6. Manyan mata na iya zuwa sawu tare da yara maza na shida. A cikin lokacin hurawa, kifin yana da kusanci zuwa ga gaci, yayyafawa da kuma nuna halayyarsa sosai, amma a lokaci guda yana da yawan ci.
Pike kamun kifi
Don jin daɗin ɓarke da aka kama, kuna buƙatar sanin hanyoyin kamun kifi a lokuta daban-daban na shekara. Da farko, yana da kyau yanke shawara kan zaɓin sandar kamun kifi.
Ya danganta da yanayin da nau'in kamun kifi.
- Rodwan sandan da aka zana shine zaɓi na duniya wanda ya dace da duk yanayi banda hunturu.
- Don kamun kifin hunturu, an zaɓi sanda na musamman.
- Don kamun kifin hunturu, maɗaura ma sun dace.
- A cikin watannin masu ɗorewa, kamun kifi ma zai yiwu a kan kullun mashin kan ruwa na yau da kullun.
Nau'in da aka fi sani shine sanda mai leda. Amma kuna buƙatar zaɓar yana la'akari da ƙimar koto, nesa da jefa, kula da tsaurara. Bayan zaɓar sandar kamun kifi, yana da daraja fara zaɓin kayan ɓoye.
Ga abin da pike pecks:
- cokali,
- masu sifofi iri iri,
- silicone lures,
- kifi mai rai (kifin koto).
Yana da mahimmanci a zaɓi ƙungiyar da take daidai, wannan haƙiƙa fasaha ce da masunta ke koya shekaru. A cikin kaka, yana da kyau a yi amfani da tafukan launi biyu ko mai haske, silicones na acidic don kamun kifi. Don kamun kifin hunturu, ya fi dacewa a yi amfani da ma'aunin launin rawaya, launin ruwan orange.
Pike yana cizo sosai a ƙarƙashin kankara akan launin ja da fari. A lokacin rani, zaku iya zabar azurfa da bayels na zinari, masu jan launuka na dabi'a, alakar holographic.
Nemi wani jirgi a tsakanin maɓuɓɓugan, ƙarƙashin ruwa, cikin ruwa mara zurfi. A lokacin zafi, zafin bututu na nau'ikan SP sun dace, waɗanda ke da ikon tayar da magabataccen aiki daga ƙasa. Babban abu shine kammala fasahar wayoyi, haɓaka haɓakawa da gwaji tare da baits.
Yawancin lokuta mafi dacewa don kamun kifi sune bazara da kaka. Mafi yawan cizo ana lura da su a cikin watan Afrilu-Mayu kuma daga Agusta zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba.
Amfanin da abinci mai gina jiki na samfurin
Pike yana da amfani azaman tushen tushen furotin da abubuwan abubuwan ganowa. Duk da cewa yana dauke da kusan kitse, yana da matukar amfani ga tsarin garkuwar jiki da tsarin juyayi.
Kalori abun ciki da darajar abinci mai gina jiki na 100 g:
- kalori abun ciki - 80 kcal,
- sunadarai - 19 grams,
- mai - 1 gram,
- carbohydrates - 0.9 grams.
Filin Pike fillet yana da wadataccen abinci a cikin retinol - wani sinadarin da ke shiga cikin ayyukan sake haihuwa, yana da alhakin lafiyar fata, gashi, gidajen abinci da jijiyoyin jini. Hakanan a cikin Pike akwai bitamin B, rutin, bitamin D. Bugu da kari, kifin yana da wadatar abubuwa da abubuwan macce.
Kifi ya ƙunshi potassium da sodium, aidin, selenium, magnesium da phosphorus. Duk waɗannan abubuwan haɗin suna da tasirin gaske akan lafiyar tsarin endocrine, daidaita ayyukan aikin zuciya.
Aikace-aikacen dafa abinci
Za a iya shirya Pike ta hanyoyi daban-daban, gwargwadon abubuwan dandano na mutum. Consideredarfin pike ana ɗaukar shi azaman abincin gargajiya a cikin ƙasashe Slavic da yawa. Hakanan, kifi yana soyayyen, stewed a cikin tumatir miya, ana amfani dashi don shirye-shiryen wuraren wasan nama da ƙamshin nama.
Kyau da gishirin gishiri ana ɗauka abincin ci ne. Koyaya, likitoci ba da shawarar cin kifi. Wanda ba a bi da zafin magani ba, kamar yadda ana iya kamuwa da shi daga larvae mai narkewa, wanda ke da cutarwa.
Pike wakili ne mai ban mamaki na wakilan kogin duniya. Ga masunta wacce ta san halayen ɗabi'unta, nau'ikan tafarkin da hanyoyin kamun kifin, ba abu mai wahala ba ce idan ta kama mashin dinta.
Tun yaushe kuke da ainihin LARGE CATCH?
Yaushe ne lokacin da kuka taɓa samun mutane da yawa na KYAU pikes / carps / fata?
Koyaushe muna son samun sakamakon daga kamun kifi - don kamawa ba sau uku ba, amma dozin kilogram na kilo - wannan shine kama! Kowannenmu yayi mafarkin wannan, amma ba kowa bane yasan yadda.
Ana iya samun kyakkyawan kama (kuma mun san wannan) godiya ga ƙararrawa mai kyau.
Ana iya shirya shi a gida, zaka iya siyarwa a shagunan kamun kifi. Amma a cikin kantuna yana da tsada, kuma don dafa abinci a gida, kuna buƙatar ciyar da lokaci mai yawa, kuma, daidai yadda ya kamata, nesa da kullun gida yana aiki sosai.
Shin kun san rashin jin daɗin lokacin da kuka sayi koto ko dafa shi a gida kuma kun sami ɓarna uku ko huɗu?
Don haka watakila lokaci ya yi da za a yi amfani da samfurin aiki na gaske, wanda ya tabbatar da ingancin kimiyya da aikace-aikace akan koguna da tafkunan Rasha?
Tabbas, ya fi kyau a gwada sau ɗaya fiye da jin sau dubu. Musamman yanzu - kakar kanta! Rage 50% lokacin odar shine babban kyauta!
Pike: bayanin
Pikes suna jin daɗi a cikin jikin ruwa tare da acidity na tsari na pH-4.75. Lokacin da raguwar matakin oxygen a cikin tafki ya fara, mai farashi ya fara samun matsalolin numfashi. Sabili da haka, pikes suna mutuwa sau da yawa a cikin hunturu a cikin ruwa na ruwa, inda matakin oxygen ya sauka zuwa mummunan matakin. Dangane da wannan, zamu iya amince cewa pike yana jin daɗi a cikin yanayin tsaftataccen ruwan da aka wadatar da iskar oxygen.
Fitowar Pike
Pike yana da ikon yin girma har zuwa mita ɗaya da rabi a tsayi kuma yana nauyin kilo 30, ko ma fiye da haka. An bambanta kifin ta hanyar kamannin sa, kamar babba da baki. Launi na mai ƙaddara ya dogara da yanayin rayuwa, ko kuma gaban kasancewar tsire-tsire masu ruwa. Sabili da haka, launinta na iya bambanta daga launin toka-launin toka zuwa launin toka-launin toka ko launin toka-mai-launin toka, wanda shine maslaha ga inuwa daga ɓangaren juye. A ɓangarorin, za'a iya samun raunin juji, har da manyan launin ruwan kasa ko na zaitun, na inuwa mai duhu. An haɗa hancin kuma suna da halayyar orange. Sau da yawa, a wasu tabkuna akwai pikes na azurfa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Kuna iya bambanta mace daga namiji ta amfani da siffar buɗewar urogenital: a cikin maza, buɗewar tayi kamar maɗaukakiyar hanyar oblong, kuma a cikin mata wannan buɗewa yana farawa da kyakkyawar siffa m inuwa ta iyakar ruwan hoda.
Za a iya bambance Pike da nau'ikan kifaye masu yawa ta hanyar daɗaɗɗen kai da ƙetaren ƙananan bera. Yankunan haɓaka daban-daban suna kan ƙananan ƙananan muƙamula, godiya ga wanda Pike ya sarrafa don kamawa da riƙe abin da ke aminta da shi amintacce. Sauran hakora suna karami, kaiffunsa masu kaifi wadanda ke bi da su cikin hanjin su kuma su nisa zuwa cikin mucous membranes.
Irin wannan tsari na bakin yana ba samarwa damar wucewa ta cikin baka ba tare da matsaloli ba, kuma yayin kokarin fita, hakora suna riƙe shi da ƙarfi. Siffofin halayyar Pike sune maye gurbin kullun hakora waɗanda ke akan ƙananan muƙamuƙi. A matsayinka na mulkin, ana shirya hakora masu maye gurbin a cikin layuka tare da farfajiyar ciki. Wadannan layuka na hakora suna kusa da hakora masu gudana, wanda ya haifar da samuwar abin da ake kira "iyalan hakori."
Idan haƙoran hakora suna lalacewa, to ayyukansu zasu koma ga haƙoran haƙoran da ke akwai a cikin iyali guda. Da farko, waɗannan hakora basu da ƙarfi tukuna, amma bayan ɗan lokaci sun ƙara ƙarfi kuma har abada suna girma zuwa ƙananan muƙamuƙin.
Za a iya maye gurbin hakora a lokuta daban-daban, ba tare da la'akari da cewa pike mallakar dangi ɗaya ne ba. Anan abubuwa da yawa sun dogara da yanayin zama a cikin wani tafki mai musamman. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, wannan tsari yana faruwa tare da zuwan wani lokaci, lokacin da jirgi ya fara farauta da ƙanana kaɗan.
Yanayin rayuwar rayuwar maharbi
Ko da kuwa tafki, Pike yana jan hankalin ciyayi mai ɗumbin tsire-tsire masu ruwa. A cikin irin wadannan wuraren na ruwa, maharbin na iya zama babu motsi na dogon lokaci, yana jiran yiwuwar farauta. Lokacin da kayan abinci masu dacewa suka bayyana a fagen gani, pike yayi sauri da kaifi. Duk yadda Pike ya kama abincinsa, sai ya haɗiye shi, yana farawa daga kai.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ƙwararrun playersan wasan da ke da kyan gani sun san inda Pike zai iya zama. Sabili da haka, suna jefa ƙullin kusa da ciyawar ciyawar ciyawar kuma suna ciyarwa a kan iyakar tsabta na ruwa.
Mai ban sha'awa don sani! Pike, kamar sauran kifayen, yana ƙaunar cin abinci a cikin rana, saboda haka zaka iya lura da yawan tara babban Pike kusa da tekun.
Pike, har ma babba, sau da yawa yakan ziyarci ƙananan sassan rafin. Saboda haka, galibi ana iya kama manyan pikes a cikin kusancin kusa da bakin tekun. Maharmar yana jin daɗin yanayi yayin da isasshen oxygen yake. Yawancin lokaci ba sa rayuwa yayin da iskar oxygen ta sauka zuwa matakin 3.0 mg / lita. Yanayi mai kama da haka hali ne na hunturu, lokacin da ruwan yake rufe kankara da oxygen baya shiga cikin ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, algae ya fara jujjuyawa a cikin sashin ruwa da ƙasa, wanda ke rage matakan oxygen sosai.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, pike koyaushe yana cikin mafaka inda yake tsammanin ganima. Mazauna gidaje na iya zama duka na halitta kuma da dabara na mutum, don haka ana iya samun mafi yawan lokuta kusa da gadoji ko dam. Rarraba bishiyoyi da suka faɗi da snags a cikin wani kandami wuri ne ingantacce ga maƙiyin. Idan karamin pike ya ci galibi cikin ruwa mara zurfi, to za a iya samun babban Pike a zurfin, amma a kowane hali, pike zai nemi mafificin tsari don kansa a cikin ɓarna. Pike ya yanke hukunci kuma ya sami wanda aka azabtar da kansa saboda kasancewar kyakkyawan hangen nesa, da kuma saurin motsi waɗanda layinta ya zazzage.
Red-pike ko Ba'amurke Pike
Mazaunin ta shine yankuna na gabashin Arewacin Amurka. A iri wakilcin wakilcin biyu subspepes: arewacin rudd Pike da kuma kudu (ciyawa) pike. Wakilan waɗannan ƙananan wakilai ba su da tsayi fiye da rabin mita kuma basu da nauyi fiye da 1 kg. An bambanta waɗannan hanyoyin ta hanyar ɗan taƙaitaccen bakin. A lokaci guda, ƙusoshin basu da launin ruwan lemo, kamar yadda halayyar ɗan jirgi keɓaɓɓu.
Pike Maskinong
Wannan shi ne mafi girma, yayin da rarest wakilin wannan iyali. Indiyawan suna daukar wannan maharbin "mummunar jirgi." Wannan maƙiyin yana da suna na biyu - “giant pike”, wanda ke da alaƙa da girmanta. Mutane manya sun kai tsawon mita 2, yayin da suke samun nauyi har zuwa kilogiram 35. Ya danganta da mazauninsu, mai farautar na iya samun silvery, launin ruwan kasa-brown ko launin kore. A gefen farfajiyar na guguwa ana iya samun aibobi ko a tsaye.
Pike taguwar ko baƙi
Zai iya girma zuwa tsawon mita 0.6 kuma yayi nauyi kusan kilo 2, kodayake akwai shaidar cewa an kama wani boka na wannan nau'in yana yin nauyin 4. A cikin bayyanar, taguwar ta yi kama da wani jirgin sama na arewacin. A lokaci guda, ana kwaikwayon ta da wani ƙirar a cikin hanyar mosaic wanda ke gefen bangarorin maharbi. Bugu da kari, tana da duhu, tsinkayen sihiri a saman idanunta.
Amur Pike
An bambanta wannan nau'in kaddara ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa tana da ɗan ƙarami idan aka kwatanta da pike na yau da kullun. Mutane daban-daban na iya girma cikin tsayi kadan fiye da mita 1, tare da nauyin da bai wuce 20 kg ba. Carfin sa yana da ƙananan sikeli, waɗanda suke da launuka masu launin shuɗi ko zinariya. Amur pike ya fi zama abin tunawa da launi na planten ta launi na sikeli, tunda yana da launuka masu launin baƙi da yawa waɗanda ke warwatse ko'ina cikin jiki, fara daga kai kuma suna ƙare tare da wutsiya.
Bayan 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, wani nau'in ya ware - matukin jirgin ruwan Italiya, wanda a da can aka ɗauke shi wani tsohuwar Pike.
A cikin ƙasar Faransa, kawai shekaru 4 da suka gabata, an bayyana nau'in nau'in Pike a matsayin Pike na Aquitaine. Ra'ayin bai shahara sosai, kamar yadda aka bayyana shi kwanan nan.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Samfuran samfuran cakulan ba zasu iya haifuwa a vivo; saboda haka, yawan jama'a masu zaman kansu na waɗannan mutanen ba su wanzu.
Habitat, mazauni
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, nau'in jinsin da aka fi sani - pike na kowa ya zama ruwan dare a yawancin sassan ruwa a Arewacin Amurka da Eurasia. Ana samun pike na Kudancin ko ciyawa a cikin jikkunan ruwa a cikin Kogin Mississippi, kazalika a cikin Yankin Tekun Atlantika.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Hakanan ana iya samun Pike a cikin matattun ruwan da ke cikin yankin Gulf na Finland, Riga da Kuril Bay, mallakar Tekun Baltic, da kuma cikin Taganrog Bay na Tekun Azov.
Black Pike shine mafarautan Arewacin Amurka wanda aka samo a cikin koguna da tabkuna tare da ciyayi mai yawan ruwa, daga gabar Kanada kuma ya ƙare tare da yankin jihar Florida, har ma da Manyan Tabkuna da Kogin Kogin Mississippi.
Amur pike ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a ɗakunan ajiya na tsibirin Sakhalin da Kogin Amur.
Pike Italiyanci ya fi son zama a cikin ruwan arewacin da Italiya ta Tsakiya.
Abincin Pike
Tun da pike kifi ne mai tsinkaye, abincinsa ya haɗa da kifaye iri iri, irin su roach, perch, ruff, scavenger, bra bream, da sauransu. A wannan yanayin, sau da yawa a cikin ciki na pike ba manyan wakilai da dangin pike ba. Daga bazara zuwa kaka, musamman manyan samfurori suna ci da kwaɗi da motsin crayfish.
Akwai lokuta lokacin da wannan maharbin ya tsotse ruwa ƙarƙashin ruwa ba manyan tsuntsaye, beraye da beraye, kurege da manyan bindigogi ba, waɗanda saboda dalilai daban-daban sun ƙare cikin ruwa. Idan muka yi la’akari da cewa kwale-kwalen na iya kai girman da ya fi mita guda, to akwai yuwuwar cewa wannan maharmar tana iya ganima a kan tsofaffin dabbobi, musamman a lokutan da tsuntsu yayi tsalle kuma ba zai iya tashi sama ba a cikin lokaci. Bugu da kari, Pike mai dauke da ruwa ya sami damar kai hari ga kifi, wanda a cikin girmansa ya wuce 50% na girman maharbin.
A cewar masana, ƙarancin daraja, da kuma nau'in kifayen da yawa sun fi yawa a cikin abincin abincin Pike. Dangane da wannan, Pike baya iya haifar da babbar illa ga kamun kifi. Idan wani jirgi, kamar maharbi, ya ɓace daga tafki, to wannan da farko yana nuna cewa karuwar da ba a sarrafa shi ba ta yawan nau'in kifayen da suka kama, kamar fulawa da ruff. Wadannan magabatan, ba babba ba ne idan aka kwatanta da pike, suna iya cinye kwayayen sauran nau'ikan kifayen, wanda ke haifar da babbar illa ga yawan nau'in kifayen, gami da pike.
Tsarin kiwo
A cikin yanayin halitta, mace suna shirye don sa ƙwai a cikin shekara ta huɗu na rayuwa, kuma maza suna shirye don hadi cikin shekara ta biyar ta rayuwa. Lokacin da zafin jiki na ruwa ya tashi zuwa +5 digiri, wannan alama ce cewa pike ya kamata ya tafi spain. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, wannan yana faruwa lokacin da kankara ta narke. A takaice dai, Pike ya fado ne a farkon nau'in kifi. Lokacin da aka haifi wani nau'in kifin, “tantunan” sun riga sun girma har zuwa lokacin da za su iya ciyar da su. Saboda wannan fasalin, ba a taɓa samun matsala da abinci don ƙaramin pike ba.
Maharbi ya tsallaka zuwa gabar teku a zurfin mita 0.5 zuwa 1. A cikin lokacin ɓarnar, Pike ya bar cikin ruwa mara nauyi kuma yana sanya ƙwai a hankali. Da farko dai, ƙananan mutane sun ƙare, kuma a ƙarshe, samfurori masu ƙamus. Lokacin tsallakewa ya faɗi a lokacin da kogunan ruwa suka bar bankunan su. A lokaci guda, ana zubar da makiyaya, kuma ruwan da ke cikin waɗannan wurare yana daɗaɗa sauri. M, da pike da aika zuwa irin wadannan yankunan, da sanin cewa a nan qwai qwarai sosai sauri.
Mace tafi spain kewaye da maza 3 ko 5, wadanda suka bi ta, amma a lokaci guda su ne rabin jikin a bayan mace. Lokacin motsawa, ana matsa wa maza zuwa ga mace, duka daga bangarorin da kuma daga baya, don haka a wannan lokacin zaka iya ganin yadda saman jikin kifin yake fita daga cikin ruwa, tare da ƙashin.
Lokacin da mace ta yi tsami, sai ta rubs a kan tushen, bushes da mai tushe na ciyayin ciyayi, da sauran abubuwa. A ƙarshen lokacin tsallakewar mace, mace na iya tsalle daga saman ruwa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Ya danganta da yanayin yanayi, soya daga caviar yana bayyana bayan 1 ko 2 makonni. Da farko, Pike soya abinci a kan kananan crustaceans; bayan wani lokaci, “masu siyar” suna fara ciyar da soyayyen sauran kifayen.
Ya danganta da girman maharbin, macen zata iya kwanciya daga qwai kimanin dubu 17 zuwa dubu 200, kimanin mm 3 a girman. Qwai suna da rauni sosai kuma bayan wasu 'yan kwanaki ba za a iya riƙe su akan abubuwa ba. Saboda wannan, ƙarin haɓakar su yana faruwa a ƙasan tafki. Idan matakin ruwa ya sauka da sauri, to wannan yana haifar da mutuwar taro ƙwai. Gaskiya ne a cikin rijiyoyin, wanda sashin ruwa mai tsayayye, wanda aka tsara ta hanyar wucin gadi.
Gaskiya abokan gaban Pike
Ganin cewa wannan mafarauci na iya girma zuwa girman ban sha'awa, yana da wuya a iya tunanin cewa pike yana da abokan gaba. Otters da mikiya sau da yawa farauta pike. A Siberiya, manyan mutane ma suna da ɗanɗuwa, tun da tsire-tsire masu sauƙi na iya jimre wa kowane irin girman su.
A cikin yankuna na kudanci, pike yana fama da irin wannan maharmar kamar kifin kifi. Idan pike har yanzu ƙarami ne, to, perch da rattan, da kuma manyan pike, suna farauta. Baya ga makiya na zahiri, pike suna da abokan gaba masu girman gaske - wannan wani mutum ne a cikin yaudarar masanin masunci. Kama babban jirgin ruwa mai tsalle-tsalle shine babban mafarki na kowane dan wasa mai zana. Muna iya aminta da cewa farautar Pike, musamman a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ya zama tartsatsi, wanda zai iya yin tasiri sosai ga yawan wannan magabacin.
Kifi na kamun kifi
Pike yana haɓaka cikin yanayin wucin gadi, saboda ana ɗaukarsa shine mafi amfanin abincin abinci. Abincin Pike yana ƙunshe da adadin furotin da kawai kashi 1-3 na kitsen, baya kirga sauran abubuwan haɗin da jikin mutum ke ɗauka. Wannan dabi'a ce ga kowane abincin abincin teku, don haka kifi ya kamata ya kasance cikin abincin ɗan adam. Godiya ga kifi, mutum yana kulawa don kula da matakin abinci mai gina jiki wanda ke shafar lafiyar ɗan adam kai tsaye. Saboda haka, Pike sanannen kifi ne mai kamun kifi. Kari akan haka, maharmar tayi girma a cikin tafkunan nurseries kuma shine asalin duka mai son da kuma kamun kifi.
Pike yana da ƙarfi sosai a yau ta masunta masunta, ta amfani da kayan kifin zamani na wannan. Wannan ya yiwu ta hanyar godiya ga nasarorin masana'antu na zamani, wanda ke samar da keɓaɓɓun kayan aikin kera, harma da amintattun sandunan kamun kifi, gami da wasu abubuwan kayan aiki. Kwace yana da matukar ƙarfi wanda ya yuwu cewa halin Pike a nan gaba na iya canzawa zuwa “Abubuwanda zasu iya shuɗewa”, aƙalla don wasu yankuna. Pike zai iya kasancewa na musamman a wuraren da ba a iya zuwa inda mutum ba tare da jigilar musamman ba zai iya samu.
Kwanan nan, yawan masu fasa kwarin kamun kifi don kamun kifi sun yi girma kuma, abin mamaki shine, kowa yana da niyyar kama Pike. Kuma wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa adadin mutanen da ke da motocin sirri sun ƙaru. Wani lokaci ya fi tsada tsiya da kamun kifi fiye da siyar da kifi a wani shago, amma hakan ba ya dakatar da mutane, saboda kamun kifi wani abin birgewa ne mai ban sha'awa. Kowane mutum yana so ya ciyar da karshen mako tare da fa'idodi wa kansu, an sake fansa da su da makamashi. Wannan kwatankwacin zamaninmu ne, saboda yawanci a yau da kullun yakan daɗaɗa dakaru masu yawa, na zahiri da na tunani.
Wasu masoya kamun kifi sun gwammace wuraren ajiya, kamar yadda aka tabbatar tabbas kamun yana nan. Wannan alama ce mai kyau, saboda a cikin irin waɗannan wuraren yin rijiyar kifi ana yin sa, kuma ana sarrafa kifayen.
Hayakin jirgi
Pike spawning, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana faruwa nan da nan bayan narkewar kankara ta rufe wuraren hutawa a cikin hunturu, wanda a lokacin ruwa zafin jiki ya kai digiri 3-6 na Celsius, kuma yanayin ya zama mafi dacewa ga tsabtacewa. Pike - kifin da ya ƙare fiye da wasu. Abin lura ne cewa don cikakken ci gaban pike caviar fi son babban yanayin - ruwan sanyi, mai cike da iskar oxygen. Da zaran zazzabi mai nutsuwa ya zo, matukin ya fara neman wuri don shakatawa - yawancin lokuta waɗannan wuraren yankuna ne na ruwa kuma yana kwarara zuwa zurfin mita ɗaya.
Mace suna shirye don tsunduma game da shekaru na 4 na rayuwa, maza sun yi balaguro a shekara guda, ko ma biyu daga baya. A wannan karon, sun riga sun kai 30 cm tsayi kuma sunyi nauyi kadan fiye da 400 g - su ne suka bude lokacin tsinke, kadan daga baya aka hade su da matsakaici da manyan pikes, wadanda sune mafiya yawan gaske. Bayan makonni da yawa, larvae ƙyanƙyashe daga qwai.
Mutane kalilan ne suka san cewa haramcin kamun kifi a lokacin tsallakewa, an haramta lokacin haramta ruwan kowane yanki da kowa.
Pike Habitats
Pike shine mafi yawan farauta idan akazo ga mazaunan kandami. Akwai isasshen sarari a cikin kogin don cikakken aikinsa. Koryazhniki, bushes na bakin teku da bishiyoyi, ramuka na yashi da gadoji sune wurare tare da kyakkyawan ingantaccen kayan abinci na pikes, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga bincikensu na dogon lokaci.
Bari mu zauna a wuraren da aka fi yin kamun kamun kifi:
- Koryazhniki - wannan mahallin yana wakiltar bishiyoyin ambaliyar ruwa, rassan da suka fadi, rakodin da ke rage jinkirin ruwa da haifar da saukad da na halitta a cikin zurfi. Ragowar itace da tarkace ba kawai shine tushen abinci ba, har ma da kyakkyawan tsari wanda ya ba da izinin mai farauta.
- M ruwa tare da dunƙule - da zaran kankara ta fita daga tafki kuma ruwa ya yi ɗumi har zuwa lokacin zafin jiki, kifi zai fara barin raminnsa na hunturu. Don haka yana cikin jagorar ruwa mai zurfi, inda ruwa ke sama da sauri, kuma an tura wakilan farko. Kifi ji mai girma a cikin m thickets na ciyawa.
- Sand braids - maharbi yana biye da braids galibi da safe da maraice, wanda dole ne a la'akari lokacin da ake kamun kifi. Kuma akwai ingantacciyar hujja game da wannan - a wannan lokacin akwai tarin ƙananan kifaye, wanda ya zama mai farauta ga mai farautar.
- Iska wani waje ne mai matukar kyau. Duk nau'ikan canals na wucin gadi da na baya da ke kawo cikas ga ruwa na al'ada koyaushe sun jawo hankalin masu farauta. An cika ƙaunar ramuka a wuraren da a halin yanzu yake.
- Yankin gada - a gadar gadar, hutu na yanzu, ƙirƙirar wasu ƙa'idodi. Irin waɗannan wurare suna da kyau don kifin ƙauna ta zaman lafiya - abincin pike. Maƙaddara ta ɓoye daidai cikin inuwar gada, wanda ke ba da harin kai tsaye kuma mai tasiri.
Pike Life Cycle
Akwai tatsuniyoyi wadanda pike ke rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 300 kuma yana iya isa mita 6 a tsawon wannan lokacin, amma masanan binciken dabbobi sun dade da tabbatar da cewa shekarun kifin a mafi yawan lokuta bai wuce shekaru 35 ba, kuma tsawonsa yakai mita 2. Tuni a cikin shekarar farko, tunda tafkin yana da wadatar abinci, kwikwiyo sun sami damar girma zuwa 30 cm kuma su sami nauyi a cikin gram 400-500.
Abinci na Pike
Pike ɗan farauta ne, mai cin nama ne na musamman. Da ƙyar yake iya zama ƙwayaye daga ƙwai, yakan ci gaba da zama a cikin wurin kamar sati biyu har sai kuli-kuli baki daya ya shuɗe. Jin yunwar, ta fara motsawa ta cikin tafki, tana zabar wuraren mara ruwa da kuma cin abinci, kamar kwari da tsutsotsi. Tuni a cikin Yuni, pike-eels fara farawa don soya na wasu kifayen, mafi yawan lokuta perch da crucian, a lokacin kaka abincin abincin yana wakilta shi kaɗai ta hanyar kifi. Pikeflies suna girma da haɓaka cikin sauri, a cikin shekara guda jikinsu ya kai 15 cm a tsayi, sun sami girma zuwa 200 g, a cikin fewan shekaru 42-45 cm da 700 g.
Kifi ya fi rinjaye a cikin abincin Pike, amma don son mafi kyau, ba shi da ƙin cin ƙananan tsuntsayen kogi, kwaroron, har ma da beraye.
Mafi yawan lokuta, ana cin abinci da safe da maraice, yayin da rana ta keɓe don hutawa da abinci mai narkewa. A lokacin zhor, mutane suna ciyar da kusan a kusa da agogo, farauta tare da taimakon hangen nesa da kuma wata ƙanshin kamshi.
Zhor na farko yana da alaƙa da lokacin pre-spawning, galibi yakan faɗi a ƙarshen Fabrairu ko farkon Maris. Amma na biyun - tare da lokacin jinkiri bayan ya faɗi a cikin Mayu-farkon Yuni. Kuma a ƙarshe, lokaci na uku na zhora, wanda ya fadi a cikin fall.
Hanyoyi don kama pike
Malaman zamani suna wadatarwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban na ɗaukar Pike, amma zamu mayar da hankali ga mafi inganci:
- Inwafawa - don ɗaukar pike a kan shimfidawa mafi yawan lokutan nasara shine farkon kaka - zhor mai aiki. Loparallen dutse, raƙuman ruwa, wuraren dunƙule na algae - mafi kyawun wurin kamun kifi a wannan yanayin. Roididdigar zamani da madaidaiciya iri-iri, waɗanda aka gabatar a cikin shaguna na musamman, suna ba ku damar cimma sakamako mai ban mamaki.
- Jig ɗin feshin - Kwanan nan, matatar kamun kifi a kan bututun jig ya zama sananne. Kuma duk saboda yana ba ku damar rufe jikin ruwa tare da bambance-bambance masu zurfi. Ppedaƙƙarfan igiyar waya yana ba ka damar bincika kowane mitir na yankin tafki.Af, a lokacin kamun kifi, tabbatar da ƙara matakan faɗuwar koto, tunda pike ya fi jan hankali ga ganima.
- Masu ɓoye na bututun ƙarfe don yin dako - wataƙila mafi kyawun tafarkin kwanakin nan sune wobblers, masu dacewa don tafkunan tare da ƙananan lebur. A wannan yanayin, yakamata a yi shi da guntun motsi tare da yin layin lokaci na layin kamun kifi. Kawai sai a jira ku ciji.
- A kan raye-raye - har yanzu wasu masu fasa kwalliyar sun fi son hanyar kamun kifi, wato, ɗakin kai tsaye. Mamu da wuyan wuyan wulakanci sune mafi kyawun mataimaka a wannan yanayin. An saita da'irori daga jirgin ruwan, kuma an kafa shinge a kan shingen bushes, ba a cika samun bishiyoyi ba. An sake layin kamun kifi a daidai lokacin da kwalelen ta kama bututun mai rai. Alamar musamman ga masunta shine juya da'irar. Zherlitsy, ya yi akasin haka, dole ne a duba lokaci-lokaci, wanda ba shi da cikakken dacewa.
- Rollingaukar Tsira - a biɗar babban ganima a cikin wani kandami mai zurfi, zai fi kyau amfani da jirgin ruwan. Ungiyoyi da yawa na zubin sau ɗaya ana jefa su cikin ruwa, wanda ke ba da izinin cim ma mafi girman kama. Baya ga sandunan kamun kifi da kuma magancewa, kar a manta siye sautin amsa kuwwa wanda ke jagorantar jirgin ruwan a wani wuri mai cike da tarihi.
Pike Bait
Pike kamun kifi wani lamari ne mai ban sha'awa da ban mamaki. Amma a fannoni da yawa sakamakon kamun kifi ya dogara da yadda kuka yi hankali da kusancin zaɓin ƙimar jirgin. Fishingwafin kamun kifi yana da tushe tun farkon ƙarni na ƙarshe, a lokacin da ya sami damar gudanar da canje-canje da yawa, ya sami damar inganta.
Daga bait akan kasuwa, idanuna suna gudana a zahiri:
- Cokali-bait ne sanannun ire-iren halayen gaske waɗanda ke da inganci da araha, amma ba abu mai sauƙi ba ne ka zaɓi mafi kyawun zaɓi, musamman ga mai farawa. A saboda wannan ne mafi kyawu a sayi dunkulen masu zubi, domin ta hanyar matakan tantance masu nasara. Babban sharuɗan zaɓi shine yanayin yanayi da kuma matakin haske: a cikin tsaftataccen yanayi ana bada shawarar yin amfani da farin yanayin rashin damuwa, a cikin girgijewar yanayi baits na inuwa mai cikakken haske, yafi kyau, a yanayi tare da murfin girgije mai canzawa yana da kyau a haɗar da zaɓuɓɓuka biyu.
- Wobblers - wani zaɓi na zamani ga masu siyan leda, wanda ya zama sananne cikin fewan shekarun da suka gabata. Wannan babban nasarar an tabbatar dashi ta hanyar babban keɓaɓɓen tsari da samfuran iri daban-daban a kasuwa. Zaɓin mafi kyawun zaɓi, ya kamata ku fara daga abincin da kuka saba da kifi.
- Baits na Jig - a mafi yawan lokuta sun dace da nau'ikan nau'ikan tarko, wanda masunta da yawa suka kamu da ƙauna. Amma lokacin zabar koto don kama pike, ya kamata ka ba da fifiko ga zaɓuɓɓuka waɗanda a hankali suke gangara ƙasa. Kari akan haka, jig din yakamata ya zama babba kuma mai haske ga maharbin don ya mai da hankalin sa akan sa.
Pike yi jita-jita
Pike shine maharbi, wanda ke bawa naman sa ɗanɗano. Babban adadin giluten yana ba da Pike jita-jita wani ƙyalli na lokacin farin ciki. Amma akwai rashi guda ɗaya - takamaiman ɗanɗano, wanda ba kowa bane zai samu. Dandano, ta hanyar, galibi ya dogara da mazaunin mutum da abincinsa. Koyaya, zaku iya kawar dashi, mallak wasu asirin dafa abinci.
A cikin abincin gargajiya, Pike yana da matsayi na musamman, tun da yake sana'a ce ta gama gari da yawa. Ana amfani da pike don shirya miya kifi, asfic, cushe tare da namomin kaza, soyayyen da gasa, kuma Pike yana da kyawawan kayan yanka da zrazy. Pike yana da matukar kyau da kayan ƙanshi da kayan yaji, yana tafiya da kyau tare da Basil, tafarnuwa, Rosemary da mustard, zuma, ganyen ganye har ma da albasarta kore. Yanayin da aka gama dafaffen abinci zai dogara ne akan kayan ƙanshi da a wane adadin za'a ƙara. Zai fi kyau amfani da man zaitun don dafa abinci, a cikin matsanancin yanayi, cream.
Calorie pike
Pike dai-dai ake kira Sarauniyar tafkuna da koguna, ana amfani dashi sosai wajen dafa abinci kuma yana da wadatar bitamin. Amma akwai wani amfani da babu makawa - low kalori abun ciki. Ya yi godiya a gare shi cewa Pike ya yaɗu sosai a cikin shirye-shiryen abinci da magani. Akwai kawai 84 kcal a kowace 100 na nama na pike.