Sunan kimiyya ya fito ne daga kalmomin Girka Chaulios - bude baki da Odus - hakori. Wannan dodo ya sami sanannen sanannen suna don manyan hakora, da kuma jiki mai ƙarfi.
Kifi mara kyau tare da bakinsa buɗe tare da haƙoran hakora sun daɗe yana da suna a duk duniya, duk da gaskiyar cewa girmansa bai wuce 35 cm ba .. Duk wani mai binciken teku, ya nutse sama da mita 500
Da farko za a iya faɗi cewa hakoran kifin maciji sun zama dole don tsoro kawai, domin bakinsa ba zai iya rufewa ba. Koyaya, wannan sam ba gaskiya bane. Hoto dake kan ventral da ƙashin ƙugu sun jawo babban kifi, wanda galibi ya zarce girman kifin masar da kanta. Sakamakon launinta na rashin bayyana, kusan ba za a iya ganinta ba da zurfi. Bayan ganima ta zo kusa da bakin, bakin macijin mai cin amon ya ba da baya, wanda zai baka damar kama ganima sau 3 kauri daga maharbin da kansa. Hakora suna taka rawa babba a cikin farauta, ba a nufin su kashe ganima ba, amma suna aiki ne kawai don ci gaba da ƙaddara akan jikin wanda aka azabtar, tun da ƙarshen ƙarshen yana da ƙarfi fiye da mai farauta. Bayan wanda aka yi wa rauni ya gaji, kifin da ya fara ci ya fara cire jaws, kuma hakora sun shiga ciki tuni, suna ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban ganima a cikin esophagus.
Duk da yawan jama'a, an san kadan game da wadannan kananan dodanni, saboda zurfin mazauninsu. Suna rayuwa shekaru 15-30, don sadarwa tare da dangi da kuma abin da suka yi amfani da su, kamar zurfafan teku mai zurfi, hotunan hoto da ke kan fitsarin ventral da ƙoshin ƙashi, suna ciyar da ƙananan crustaceans, squids, shrimps sau ɗaya kowace makonni 2-3, farauta cikin zurfi a lokacin kusan 2000 m, da dare suna tashi kusa da farfajiya har zuwa 500 m, irin keɓaɓɓe na shekara-shekara, a zurfin kusan 1000 mita, tare da qwai suna iyo cikin yardar kaina a wannan zurfin, babban abokin gaba shine dodo - macijin kifi
Don bayar da gudummawa
Wowhead abokin ciniki - Wannan ƙaramin shiri ne wanda muke adana bayanai har zuwa yau. Masu amfani da Abokin ciniki na Wowhead suna samun damar yin amfani da ƙarin kayan aikin a shafin.
Abokin Wowhead yayi abubuwa biyu:
Hakanan zaka iya amfani da Abokin Wowhead don duba girke-girke da aka koya, kammala ayyukan, tattara matakan da sahabbai, da karɓar taken!
25. Ciwon Mara na Mantis
Wannan babban, dattaku, ornate crustacean yana da mafi rikitattun idanu a duniya. Idan mutum zai iya bambance launuka 3 na farko, to cutar kansa ta mantis ita ce 12. Hakanan, waɗannan dabbobin suna tsinkaye hasken fitila da haske iri daban-daban na haske. A yayin harin, cutar mantis mai yin addu'o'i tana yin saurin yin hanzari da kafafunta, tare da haifar da mummunan lahani ga wanda aka azabtar ko ya kashe ta. Mai ikon buge shi da ƙarfi tare da harsasai mai ƙarfi na ma'aunin 22, wasu manyan manyan mastis shrimps suna iya fasa gilashin tare da ɗayan ko hits a kai.
23. Girma Isopod
Manyan isopods na iya kaiwa kimanin cm cm 76 kuma tsayinsa ya kai kilogram 1.7. Suna da tsauraran rikice-rikice, da suka kunshi juzu'ai, kuma ana iya jera su cikin "ball" don kariya daga maharan. Yawancin lokaci safarar abinci shine abinci, zasu iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 5 ba tare da abinci ba.
22. Sharki mai kaifin baki
Halittar mai haɗari, asali daga Maɗaukaki. Wannan kifin shark yana farauta kamar maciji, yana jingina jikinsa da yin tsalle tsinkaye. Dogaye masu tsayi da yawa kuma suna ba ku damar hadiye babban ganima gaba ɗaya, yayin da layuka da yawa na ƙananan hakora da hakoran doki suna hana shi tserewa.
21. Gullan baki
Wannan kifin na iya hadiye ganima 10 sau mafi nauyi kuma sau biyu idan dai kanta. Wani lokaci waɗannan kifayen suna haɗi da ganima, waɗanda ba za su iya narkewa ba. Karewar abin da aka haɗiye shi ya fara, kuma gas ɗin da aka tara ya haifar da mutuwar maƙiyin kuma ya ɗaga ta saman ruwa
20. Jin zurfin malalar teku
Wannan kifin mai zurfi na teku yana amfani da hoto mai haske sosai a ƙarshen hanyoyin akan kai, mai kama da sanda mai kamun kifi, azaman ganima. Jikinsu na daɗaɗewa yana ba su damar hadiye abin da ya wuce girman su. Wasu iyalai na masu sihiri suna da alaƙa ta banbanci tsakanin maza, ana bayyana su da cewa maza dwarf maza suna rayuwa da fasalin jikin mace. Namiji yana a haɗe da gefen mace tare da haƙoransa masu kaifi. Nan da nan ya girma tare da lebe na mata da harshe, sannan kuma ya rage cinyoyinsa, hakora, idanunsa da hanjinsa wanda a ƙarshe ya zama mai sauƙin abu wanda yake haifar da maniyyi. Ana ciyar da namiji ne wajen zubar da jinin mace, kamar yadda tasoshin jininsu suma suke girma tare.
19. Holothuria
Waɗannan baƙin tekun baƙon abu ba ne a cikin abin da ba su taɓa taɓawa cikin tekun ba, amma suna narkewa cikin ruwa. Suna ciyar da holothuria tare da ragowar plankton da filayen kwayoyin. Bakin holothuria yana zagaye da bakin kogon daki 10-30, wanda ke kokarin kama abinci, sannan ya shiga cikin hanji mai jujjuyawa.
18. Shell
Siffar karkashin ruwa ta jirgin saman Venus. A cikin jira, kayan aikinsu na daidaita ne, amma idan ƙaramin dabba yayi iyo, to “leɓunansu” suna matsewa kamar tarko, suna tura abin da ke cikin ciki. Don jawo hankalin wanda aka cutar, suna amfani da bioluminescence a matsayin koto.
17. Dutsen teku
Wannan kifin tare da babban bakin da aka dasa tare da haƙoran haƙoran haƙora, ta amfani da bioluminescence, suna lalata ganima. Bayan kama ganima, launi na dragon dragon yayi duhu don sake kamanta kansa daga wasu a matsayin maƙiyi da more rayuwa ganima.
16. Kifayen kwartayen Pacific
Bakin yana dauke da manyan hakora wadanda ke fitowa daga bakin. Abubuwan da ke kwantar da hankali (hotophores) suma sun watsu akan kai da jiki, wanda ke taimaka musu farauta da bambanta danginsu. Tare da taimakon hakora, wanda aka azabtar yana riƙe da tabbaci a bakin kuma, lokacin da aka rufe jaws, sai a tura su cikin esophagus, a gaban wanda akwai kashin baya masu yawa. Dogon, jaka mai siffar jakar waɗannan kifayen za su iya sauƙaƙe har ma da manyan ganima, wanda zai basu damar jiran farauta mai zuwa. Abincin jiki yakan ci kusan sau ɗaya a kowane kwanaki 12.
15. Svima
Mafi kyawun wakilai masu ban mamaki na tsutsotsi masu yawa. Tsutsotsi ana bambanta su da gaban ƙananan sifofi masu launin tare da hasken kore mai launin kore, yana tunawa da siffar ɗigon. Wadannan kananan boma-bomai za a iya jefa su, suna jan hankalin abokan gaba idan suka sami hatsari na dakikoki daban-daban, wanda hakan ya ba tsutsotsi damar tserewa.
14. A vampire na jarirai
Karamin ruwan teku mai zurfi Tsawon vampire na mahaifa yawanci yakai cm 15 tsawonsa. Manya suna da ƙeƙasun ƙusoshin ƙyalli masu haɓaka daga sassan sassan cikin katako, waɗanda sune manyan hanyoyin sufuri. Kusan dukkan jikin jikin mollusk an rufe shi da gabobin lumines - photophores. Babbar mahaifa tana sarrafa wadannan gabobin sosai kuma yana da ikon samar da fitilun walƙiya na haske wanda ya ƙare daga ƙarni na biyu zuwa mintuna da yawa. Bugu da kari, zai iya sarrafa haske da girman tabo launuka.
13. Stargazer
Sun sami suna saboda idanunsu na sama. Onlyarshe kawai, a cikin abin da aka san ikon bayarwa mai ƙarfi (har zuwa 50 V) fitarwa na lantarki. Yawancin lokaci suna kwance a ƙasa, binne kusan gaba ɗaya a cikin ƙasa kuma suna jira ganima. Wasu suna ɗaukar ta ta da appendix na musamman a ƙasan bakin ciki
11. Jafar gizo-gizo na Jafananci
Ofayan babbar wakilai na arthropods: manyan mutane sun kai 45 cm na jirgin ruwa da kuma 3 m a cikin ƙafafun farko. Yana ciyarwa a kan mollusks da ragowar dabbar, ana tsammanin yana rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 100.
10. Monkfish
Namiji na mace da na mace ya bambanta da girma sau dubu. Matar na yawanci rayuwarta a yankin gabar teku kuma zai iya yin girma har zuwa mita biyu a tsayi. Bakin yana da girma sosai, tare da karkatar da tsotsar yatsa da kuma daskararren babba, mai dauke da hakora mai kaifi.
6. Bolsherot ko kifi na pelikan
Wannan kifin yana da jiki mai tsayi da fadi. A waje, yana kama da kwasfa, don abin da ya karɓi wani suna - kwando kwando. Bakinsa yana da rawar jiki mai cike da farin kama da jakar wani baki daga ƙwallan fata. Kamar yawancin mazaunan teku masu zurfi, bolsherotes suna da sassan jiki tare da hoto - tare da fin rsarfe da kuma wutsiya. Saboda girman bakinsa, wannan kifi yana iya hadiye abin da ya wuce girman sa.
4. Cetaceans, dogon hanci, da ailedofofin wutsiya
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ana kiran gungun masu hangen nesa da ke cikin teku "cetaceans". Mata ne kawai suka san su kuma an rarrabe su da Cetomimidae. Kusan lokaci guda, wani rukuni na kifi ana kiransa Megalomycteridae ko "dogon-nosed"; maza ne kaɗai aka samu cikin wannan rukunin kifin. A wata hanya mai banƙyama, su, da alama, basu da cikakkiyar narkewa, wanda hakan ke haifar da ɗan gajeren rayuwar rayuwa, wanda suke buƙatar samun ma'aurata. A karshe, nau'in kifi na uku na teku mai zurfi, wanda aka fi sani da "tef-tailed", da alama sun ƙunshi mutane ne kawai waɗanda ba su kai ga balaga ba, waɗanda haɓaka masu tsayi, wutsiyoyi na bakin ciki. Yawancin lokaci suna zaune kusa da saman teku. Sai ya juya ga cewa waɗannan halittu guda uku cikakke daban-daban har yanzu sun kasance iri ɗaya ne. Yayinda kashin tef ɗin suka girma kuma suka gangara zuwa zurfin, suna haɓaka ko dai a cikin “ƙwan kifayen”, wanda suke cin naman wasu kifaye tare da ƙashin dutsensu, ko kuma a cikin “nosed”, waɗanda ke cin abinci kaɗan kuma kawai idan dai suna bukatar ma'aurata.
2. Octopus mai launin Zinare
Duk da girman girman su, suna da saurin fushi a yanayi kuma an karbe su a matsayin daya daga cikin dabbobi masu guba a duniya. Ofarfin gubarsa ya isa ya kashe mutum. A halin yanzu, rigakafin guba na dorinar octopus mai launin shuɗi. Guba na wannan dorinar ruwa yana da sakamako na jijiya. Ana katange tashoshin sodium, suna haifar da injin sassan sassan jikin jijiya, kamawar numfashi kuma, a sakamakon haka, kamewar zuciya saboda rashin isashshen oxygen.
1. Giant squid (architeutis)
Ba da daɗewa ba mutane suka gani, girman squid ya cika da almara na ƙarni. Tana zaune a cikin ruwa mai zurfi, kawai babban abokin hamayyarta shine ruwan maniyyi. A zahiri, waɗannan sanannun mutanen biyu an san su da zurfin yaƙinsu na teku, kuma ana samun gawawwakinsu da alamu na mummunan yakin. Tsawon wannan katuwar squid ya kai mita 18, wanda yayi daidai da ginin mai hawa shida
Halin Habitat
Kamar yadda muka fada a baya, wannan kifi ne mai zurfin teku. Matsakaicin al'adarsa kusan mita 2000 ne ko fiye. A cikin dare, don neman ganima, wannan maharbin yakan hau zuwa layuka kusa da ruwa. Amma har yanzu sama da mita 500 ba ya iyo. Wannan halin yana faruwa ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin babban layuka akwai abinci mai yawa kuma kifin maciji ya fi sauƙi don samun abinci.
Kafe abincinsa, macijin ya fashe a cikin shi tare da haƙoran kaifin-kalamun firam, kuma ganima baya samun damar tserewa. Bayan kifin ya kama wanda aka azabtar, ya hadiye shi gaba ɗaya. An daidaita aikinta na kayan abinci saboda wannan: ciki yana da girma.
Menene "macijin" da ke ƙarƙashin ruwa yake ci yana farauta?
Babban abinci da abinci da aka fi so shine hauliode ana ɗaukar shi azaman macizan dragon. Amma idan ba za ku iya kama abincin da kuka fi so ba, to kifin zai iya “ci” crustaceans, shrimp da squid.
Bincike ya nuna cewa kifayen maciji sukan ci sau ɗaya kowace rana 12! Ina mamakin abin da ke sa ta zauna a kan irin wannan "abincin"?
Kifin mashin yana daya daga cikin wakilai shida na aikin.
Me masana kimiyya suka sani game da tsarin haifuwar wannan dabba mai banƙyama?
Abin baƙin ciki, har yanzu ba shi yiwuwa a bincika yadda waɗannan kifayen suke haihuwa. Abin sani kawai cewa sanƙara tana kwance ƙwai a zurfin mita 1000 daga saman ruwa.
Tsammani rayuwa a cikin muhalli daga shekaru 30 zuwa 40 kenan. Abin da ba za a iya fada ba game da rayuwa a cikin bauta. Unsuoƙarin kama wannan kifin da sanya shi a cikin akwatin kifaye bai yi nasara ba - ya rayu a cikin tafkin wucin gadi na 'yan sa'o'i kawai!