Girman taksi ya bambanta da nau'ikan jinsin. Mafi yawan lokuta, matsakaicin tsarar matsafan matattarar mutum basu wuce mil biyu ba, kuma tsawon wutsiya shine kimanin 7-13 cm .. Tsawon dabbar a wurin mayun yana kusan mita, kuma yana nauyin kilogram 110-300. Gashin gwiwar tapir yan yatsu hudu ne, yatsunsu uku kuma suna nan kan kafafun kafa na dabbobi masu shayarwa.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Lebe na sama na hanci da kuma hancinsa mai tsawo ya zama ƙaramin ɗauri mai tsayi amma mai wuce gona da iri, wanda ya ƙare da yanayin halayyar, wanda ke kewaye da gajeren gashin gashi wanda ake kira vibrissa.
Godiya ga ƙananan hooves, dabbar tana iya motsawa sosai kan ƙasa mai taushi da taushi. Idanun suna ƙanƙanana, a kan gefunan kai.
Bayyanar
Wakilai na kowane nau'in mallakar dangin tapirov da genus tapira suna da halayyar bayanan mutum na waje:
- Karatun Plain suna da nauyi a cikin kilogiram na 150-270, tare da tsawon jikinsa har zuwa 210-220 cm da gajeriyar wutsiya. Tsawon manya a ƙusoshin sa shine ya kai 77-108 cm.Taɓan filayen suna da ƙaramin girki a bayan kai, gashin baki-mai launin shuɗi a bango, da ciki mai ciki, kirji da kafafu. Ana rarrabe kunnuwa ta fata da iyaka. Jiki na dabba cikakke ne kuma yana da cikakke sosai, yana da kafafu masu ƙarfi,
- Mountain tapirs da nauyi a cikin kilogiram na 130-180, tare da tsawon jikinsa ya kai 180 cm da tsawo a kafadu tsakanin 75-80 santimita. Launin rigar tana yawanci daga duhu zuwa duhu, amma akwai lebe masu launuka masu haske da kuma kunnuwa. Jiki yana da girma, yatsun kafaffun siriri da karamin wutsiya, gajeru wutsiya,
- Tapir na Amurka ta Tsakiya, ko tapir byrd yana da tsayi a ƙoshirwa har zuwa 120 cm, tare da tsawon jikin 200 cm da nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 300. Wannan ita ce mafi girma da dabbobin daji a cikin tsaunukan Amurka. Ana nuna nau'in kasancewar kasancewar ɗan gajeren occipital mane da ulu, ana fentin cikin sautunan launin ruwan duhu. A wuya da kuma cheeks ja-launin toka,
- Black tapir yana da nauyin jiki a cikin nauyin kilogram 250-320, tare da tsawon tsayin jiki na 1.8-2.4 m kuma tsayi a cikin ƙishirwa ba fiye da mita ba. Ana iya rarrabe mashin launin fata ta gaban babban tabarau mai launin fari (shabraka) a baya da kuma bangarorin. Sauran rigar suna baƙi ne ko launin ruwan kasa, ban da farin iyaka a ƙarshen kunnuwa. Gashin gashi na black tapir mai karancin gashi ne kuma gajarta, kuma hankalinta ba ya nan. Fata a yankin kai da scruff na wuya yana da kauri na 20-25 mm, wanda ke kare lafiyar wuyan dabbobi daga hakoran masu farauta iri daban-daban.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! A cikin wakilan jinsunan jinsin-Bakeren goge na goge baya sau da yawa akwai wadanda ake kira-da-melanists, wanda ya bambanta gaba ɗaya cikin launin launi baƙar fata.
Groupungiyar masana kimiyyar Brazil ne suka gano wannan kwayar halittar dabba mai ban sha'awa ta Tapirus kabomani a ƙarshen 2013. Ofaya daga cikin jinsunan dabbobi biyar masu rai, ƙananan ne. Matsakaicin matsakaicin tsayi na tsoho bai wuce 130 cm ba, tare da nauyin 110 kg. Dabbobin suna da launin toka mai duhu ko launin shuɗi mai duhu. Jinsunan suna zaune a ƙasar Colombia da Brazil.
Halin hali da salon rayuwa
Plain tapir yana jagorantar rayuwa mai kaɗaici, kuma mutane biyu sun sadu da mafi yawan lokuta suna da halin tashin hankali ga juna. Dabbobi masu shayarwa suna nuna mazauninsu tare da fitsari, kuma ana aiwatar da sadarwa tare da dangi ta hanyar sokin sauti, kamar kuwwa. Jagoran masu ruwa da tsaki a cikin dare suna yin awoyi na rana a cikin ɓoye mai duhu, kuma da farawar dare ne kawai don neman abinci.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Wasu nau'ikan tapirs ba wai kawai manyan masu iyo ba ne, amma masu hawan sama ne, har ma da matuƙar nishaɗi da amaɗo cikin laka.
Duk da girman da girman sa, tapi ba zai iya yin iyo sosai ba, har ma sun nutse sosai. Gabaɗaya, waɗannan wakilan abubuwan da ba a sani ba na asalin dabbobi, na mallakar tsarin Equidae da na dabbobi masu shayarwa, masu kunya ne da kulawa. A farkon alamar barazanar, masu tapi sun nemi mafaka ko kuma su hanzarta tserewa, amma idan ya cancanta suna da ikon kare kansu da taimakon kwari.
Nau'in Tapirs
Daman wanzu:
- Plain tapir (Tapirus terrestris), gami da tallafin T. t. enigmaticus, T. t. colombianus, T. t. spegazzinii da T. t. terrestris
- Mountain Tapir (Matsalar cutar cutar ebola),,
- Amurka ta Tsakiya (Tapirus bairdii),
- Black tapir (Alamar cutar kashe jini),
- Tapirus kabomani.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Masana ilimin kimiyya suna ba da shawarar cewa tapi na daji da ke zaune a Asiya da Amerika dangi ne na nesa da dawakai, kuma, wataƙila, suna kama da dawakan zamanin da.
Tsarin tsirrai na tapir: Tapir johnsoni, miafopotamicus, Burtaniya, Matsalar Tafiya, Matsalar Tafiya, Matsalar cutar, Matsalar cutar, Matsalar cututtukan dabbobi, Tauraruwa, Shafin yanar gizo, Matsalar cutar dabbobi, Matsalar cutar Furowa, Matsalar Tafiya, Matsalar Tsutsawa da Tafiya.
Habitat, mazauni
A yau ana samun lafuzzan turanci a wurare da yawa na Kudancin Amurka, har ma da gabashin Andes. Babban wakilcin wakilan wannan nau'in a halin yanzu ya tashi daga yankin Venezuela da Columbia zuwa kudancin Brazil, arewacin Argentina da Paraguay. Gasar wurin rayuwa ta lafazi galibi sune yankuna na wurare masu zafi tare da jikkunan ruwa kusa.
Wakilan nau'in jinsunan Mountain tapirs suna da yanki mafi ƙarancin rarraba da mazauni a tsakanin duk dangi. Irin waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa an samo su a cikin Andes na Columbia, arewacin Peru da Ekwado. Dabba ya fi son gandun daji da plateaus har zuwa kan iyakokin dusar ƙanƙara, saboda haka yana da matukar ƙarancin gaske kuma yana da sha'awar sauka zuwa nisan da ƙasa da 2000 m sama da matakin teku.
Yankin nau'in tapir na tsakiyar Amurka shine yankin da ya fara daga kudancin Mexico ta hanyar yankin Amurka ta Tsakiya, har zuwa sassan yankin bakin teku a yankuna yamma na Ecuador da Columbia. Gidajen al'ada na Central American tapir sune yankunan daji na galibi nau'in wurare masu zafi. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, irin wannan dabbobi masu shayarwa sun fi son wuraren da ke kusa da manyan jikkunan ruwa.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Mutanen Asiya sun kira tapir “mai cin mafarkai” kuma har yanzu suna da imani cewa wannan adon dabbar da aka sassaka daga itace ko dutse yana taimakawa mutum kawar da mafarki mai ban tsoro ko rashin bacci.
Ana samun tapirs masu launin baƙi a sassan kudu da tsakiyar tsibirin Sumatra, a wasu yankuna na Malesiya, Myanmar da Thailand, har zuwa Tsarin Malacca. Masana kimiyya sun yarda cewa wakilan wannan nau'in za su iya kasancewa su fi zauna a sassan Kambodiya, wasu sassan Vietnam da Laos, amma ba a samun tabbataccen bayani game da wannan. Gabaɗaya, har ila yau ana samun taksirorin musamman a cikin iyakokin zamanin da daɗewa, na tarihi, wanda a cikin shekarun da suka gabata ya zama mai rarrabawa.
Abincin Tapir
Wakilan kowane nau'in taksi suna cin abinci na musamman. Haka kuma, irin dabbobi masu shayarwa suna fi son sassan sassan sassaƙawan ciyayi ko ciyawa.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Abincin dabbobi masu shayarwa masu shayarwa yana da wadataccen halaye da bambanci, kuma a cikin yanayin lura akwai yuwuwar tabbatar da cewa sama da nau'in nau'ikan tsire-tsire iri ne na zama abincin tapirs.
Baya ga ganye, irin waɗannan dabbobi suna da himma sosai kuma suna da yawa suna cin algae da ƙanana mafi ƙarami, kowane nau'in mosses, rassan bishiyoyi ko tsintsiya, da furanni da fruitsya fruitsyan itãcen marmari. Don samun isasshen abinci ga kansu, masu taksi sau da yawa suna bin hanyoyin duka.
Kiwo da zuriya
Wanda yake kirkirar danganta dangi tsakanin tapi shine mace mai yawan jima'i. Tsarin mating na iya faruwa a cikin shekara. Sau da yawa irin waɗannan dabbobi suna lalata kai tsaye cikin ruwa.
Ana rarrabe Tapirs ta hanyar wasannin mating mai ban sha'awa, wanda a ciki namiji yakanyi ta raɗawa ga mace kuma yana gudana tsawon lokaci bayan ta, kuma nan da nan kafin tsarin haɗin gwiwar, ma'auratan suna yin halayya ta musamman kuma sautin sauti, mai zurfi sosai game da gurnani, cizo ko kuma wani abu kamar yi fito. Kowace shekara, masu yin tapi suna canza masu yin jima'i, don haka ba za a iya rarrabe waɗannan dabbobin a matsayin zaɓaɓɓu ko aminci ga abokin aure ba.
'Ya'yan suna ƙyamar su fiye da shekara guda. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, bayan watanni goma sha huɗu na ciki, yara daya ne kawai aka haife su. Wasu lokuta sukan haifar da wasu 'yan mata biyu, amma irin wannan yanayin ba kasafai ake samun sawu ba a yanayi da kuma lokacin da ake rike da shi a cikin bauta. Matsakaicin nauyin kowane ɗan da ke ciki shine kilogiram 5-9 ne kawai (dabam dabam dabam gwargwadon sifofin jinsunan dabba). Dukkanin area arean suna kama da juna a launi, sun ƙunshi aibobi da ratsi. Matar tana ciyar da 'ya'yanta a cikin maƙaryaciya tare da madara ko'ina cikin shekara.
Nan da nan bayan haihuwa, mace da jariri sun gwammace su nemi mafaka a cikin ciyawar daji mai yawa, amma yayin da zuriya suka girma, dabbar zata fara fita daga mazauni a hankali. A wannan lokacin, mace a hankali tana karɓar ɗancirinta don cin abinci na shuka. Kimanin shekaru shida da haihuwa, 'ya'yan tapirs sun fara samun launi na mutum don nau'ikan su. Dabba ya cika cikakkiyar balaga, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana da shekara daya da rabi zuwa shekaru hudu.
Abokan halitta
Abokan gaba da abokan gaba na tapirs a cikin yanayin halitta sune cougars, damisa, jaguars, bears, anacondas da crocodiles, amma babban abokin gabarsu har yau shine mutum. Misali, an tabbatar dashi a kimiyance cewa babban dalilin raguwar adadin tapirs na Amurka ta Tsakiya shine lalacewa da yawa na gandun daji na Amurka a yankin tsakiyar Amurka, yankin da yakai karni dayan da suka gabata ya rage kusan kashi 70%.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Haƙiƙa mai ban sha'awa ita ce doguwar ƙyallen da bututun numfashi suna ba da damar tapir ya kasance ƙarƙashin ruwa na mintina da yawa, don haka ya ɓoye wa masu binsa.
Sakamakon yawan lalacewar mazauninsu na yan tapi, jinsunan kwari masu kwari suna mamaye filayen noma, inda dabbobi ke lalata masu koko ko shuka. Masu irin wannan tsiron galibi sukan harbi dabbobi suna mamaye kayansu. Har ila yau, barazanar da ake yiwa yawancin tapirs din low ma shine neman nama da fata mai mahimmanci.
Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu
An haramta farauta Tapir, saboda karamin adadin irin wannan dabba. Misali, yanzu IUCN yana tantance Mountain Tapir a matsayin jinsin barazana, kuma an kiyasta jimlar yawan wadannan dabbobi ga mutane 2,500 ne kacal. Hakanan an bayyana matsayin matsayin Amurka ta Tsakiya a matsayin "mai yin haɗari". Yawan irin waɗannan tapirs ɗin basu wuce dabbobi 5000 ba.
Habitat
Tapir wani asali ne na manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa wanda ya kasance akan tsarin halittar dan adam, wanda aka kasaftawa ga dangin tapir. A cikin yaren wani yanki na Brazil, sunan waɗannan dabbobin yana nufin "mai", wanda ke nufin fatar jikinsu kai tsaye.
Tapir wata dabba ce da ke rayuwa a kudu maso gabashin Asiya da Latin Amurka. A wurin, dabbobi suna zaune a cikin bishiyoyi da kuma fadama kurmi a gabar koguna. Nau'in zamani sune ragowar babban rukuni ɗaya wanda adadinsu ya kasance gaba ɗaya. A cikin Amurka, waɗannan wakilan daji na artiodactyls sune kaɗai.
Bayyanar
A cikin shekaru miliyan 30 da suka gabata, bayyanar tapir bai canza ba. A yau, bayyananniyar tapir tana da matukar kama da tsohuwar magabatanta. Wani abu kamar doki, wani abu kamar rhino. A tapir a kan rago (yatsa uku) da gaban (yatsu huɗu), kafafu kusan daidai suke (sun yi kama da bayanan microscopic). A ƙafafu akwai filaye waɗanda ke ƙasa da gwiwar gwiwar hannu, waɗanda suke daidai da ƙyallan doki. Jirgin Amurka yana da karamin goge a wuyansa. Lebe na sama, wanda ya fi wayar doki yawa, an shimfida shi cikin proboscis. Dabbobin an haife su ne a cikin kayan ciki wanda a bayyane, magabatan dabbobi daban-daban suke yawo: madaidaiciyar ratsi madaidaici mai shimfiɗa daga wutsiya zuwa kai zuwa ƙarshen bangon fatansu. Haka kuma, "fentin" da kafafu.
Tapirs dabbobi ne da yawa aka kera su da kawunansu, wanda aka lulluɓe da kauri, gajeru, galibi baƙi ko gashi mai launin ruwan kasa. Tsawon namiji a cikin mayikan yana kan matsakaicin 1.2 m, tsawonsa shine 1.8 m, kuma jimlar nauyin ya kai kilogiram 275. Makarfin, gami da hancin tapir da lebe na sama, an shimfida shi a cikin karamin proboscis mai motsi, wanda ake amfani da shi don sare furanni ko ganye. Idanun suna karami, kunnuwa masu zagaye suna manne da bangarorin. hind - yatsa uku, gaba - yatsa hudu, yayin da madaidaicin reshe a dukkan bangarorin ya ratsa yatsa na uku, wanda yake kan babban nauyin. Kowane yatsan ya ƙare tare da ƙara kofato. Wutsiya takaice, kamar an yanke ta.
Wannan dabba ce mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi, a cikin girmamawa ga wanda aka sanya sunan sabon ZIL Tapir. Af, motar ta karɓi fuska mai tsayi wacce ta yi kama da ta dabbobi.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Tapir dabba ce wacce ke cin ganyayyaki na tsirrai na daji da tsirrai masu ruwa. Tapirs sun nutse, suna iyo, na iya zama a ruwa a cikin wani dogon lokaci, kuma idan akwai haɗari koyaushe suna neman ceto a ciki.
Black tapir wata dabba ce mai rufin asiri wacce ta fi son ɓoyewa a cikin gandun daji mai yawa. Akwai ƙaura na yanayi - a lokacin rani, suna faruwa a cikin ƙananan kwari, yayin da a lokacin damina - kuma a cikin tsaunukan tuddai. Misali, a cikin Sumatra, an lura da dabbobi a tsawan tsawan zuwa tsawan 1,500 a tsaunuka. Hakanan ana iya danganta hijira daga yanayin abinci da ke ci gaba da lalacewa da kuma gobarar daji; tapi a cikin Thailand lokacin bazara yana motsawa daga dazuzzukan daji zuwa dazuzzukan daji. Daɗaɗawa, an fara samo su a ƙarshen, wuraren share abubuwa da tsire-tsire.
Plain tapir
Kyakkyawan fata ne mai launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi tare da farin shimfidu wanda ke zaune akan kirji, wuya da makogwaro. Wannan nau'in yana zaune daga gandun daji na Kudancin Amurka. Tapirs ɗin Plain ba mafi yawan sa'a ba ne. Da rana yakan yi ritaya, amma da dare sukan fita neman abinci. Wadannan dabbobin zasu iya nutsewa da iyo sosai. Gabaɗaya, suna da kulawa sosai kuma suna jin tsoro, idan akwai ƙananan barazanar, sun gudu ko ƙoƙarin ɓoye a cikin ruwa.
Tapirs na fili, idan ya cancanta, kare kansu da taimakon hakora, ciji dan karar. Idan mutane biyu suka hadu, to halayensu suna danganta da juna, a matsayinka na mai mulki, abin tashin hankali ne. Suna yin kaura a cikin yankunansu, kuma don sadarwa tare da dangi, ana amfani da sautuka daban-daban masu kama da kuwuru. Suna ciyar da tsire-tsire ne kawai, suna fifita sashi mafi laushi. Baya ga ganye, suna cinye buds, algae, 'ya'yan itatuwa da rassa. Abokan tapirs sune karnuka, jaguars da cougars.
Mountain tapir
Wannan shine mafi karancin wakilcin halittar. Mountain tapir dabba ce da aka samo a cikin dazuzzukan na Colombia da Ecuador. Ya bambanta da wanda yake a fili tare da suturar farin ciki mai kauri da rashin saƙa. Wannan nau'in a cikin shekarun 1824-1827. yayin nazarin Andes na Colombian, masanan kimiyyar Faransa Jean Baptiste Bussingo da Desiree Roulin sun bayyana. Sun lura cewa wannan rigar tana da tsawo, kamar beyar.
Tapirs na tsaunuka suna da daddarewa, suna aiki da daddare, ana cire su da rana a cikin gandun daji. Masu hawan dutse ne masu ban mamaki waɗanda kuma zasu iya nutsewa da iyo, kuma ban da wannan, sun haƙa cikin laka da farin ciki mai yawa. Amma ya kamata a lura da cewa waɗannan dabbobi masu tsananin tsoro, idan akwai barazanar da suke ɓoye galibi a ƙarƙashin ruwa. Wadannan tapirs suma herbivores ne. Suna ciyar da rassa, ganye, da sauran tsirrai.
Black tapir
Za a iya ganin black tapir a cikin kudu maso gabashin Asiya, mafi daidai, a cikin Thailand, a kudu maso gabashin yankin Burma, ƙari, a kan tsibiran makwabta. Bangaren gabanta, da kuma kafafunsa na baya masu launin shuɗi-baki a launi, sannan na tsakiya (daga kafaɗa zuwa gindin wutsiya) farin ciki mai launin fata, kamar an rufe shi da shabraki (bargo). Wannan misali ne tabbatacce game da abin da ake kira launin fata "rarrabuwa", wanda yake rufe dabba daddare a cikin dare a cikin jeji, lokacin da duk duniya shuka yake fari da fari.
Tapir na Amurka ta Tsakiya
Wannan babban dabbar ne mai launin fari mai launin shuɗi. Yana faruwa a cikin yankin daga Mexico zuwa Panama. Ya yi kama sosai da halayen danginsa daga Kudancin Amurka, duk da cewa ya banbanta da su ta hanyar tsarin.
A Tsakiyar Amurka ta Tsakiya, tsayin daka a ƙusoshi ya kai 120 cm, kuma nauyi - kilogiram 300, tsayin jiki - cm 200. Tare da irin waɗannan alamu, ana ɗaukarsa ba wai shine mafi girma na Sabuwar Duniya ba, har ila yau shine shine mafi girman dabba a cikin duniyar Amurka. A waje, ya yi kama da matattarar jirgin, amma, ban da girma masu girma, yana da guntun wando a bayan kai.
Tapirs (Tapirus) - dabbobi masu shayarwa suna zaune a bakin bankunan jikin ruwa da kuma tsakanin tsintsiya madaidaiciya a yankuna masu fadama. Da zarar ana iya samo waɗannan dabbobin a ko'ina cikin duniya, yanzu akwai 'yan kaɗan da suka rage kuma suna rayuwa ne kawai a nahiyoyi biyu - a kudu maso gabas Asia da Arewacin Amurka.
Tapir a sarari (Tauraruwar cutar ebola ).
A waje, tapirs suna kama da cakuda ciyawar daji da tsohuwar dabba. Jiki mai nauyi tare da gajeru amma mai ƙarfi kafafu, ɓarnaƙi mai elongated tare da akwati mai laushi mai motsi wanda suke samun abinci, ƙananan idanu da kunnuwa masu zagaye, gajeriyar wutsiya da ƙananan ƙyallen akan yatsunsu - duk wannan yana sa dabbobi masu ban sha'awa da dabbobi masu ban sha'awa.
Tapir Amurka ta Tsakiya (Tapir bairdii ).
Tumbin motsi ba abu bane mai ban sha'awa kawai game da bayyanar tapi, babbar maɓalli ce ta samun abinci, wacce ke zuwa cikin dazuzzuka. Tare da shi, famfon ya kai ganyen bishiyoyi, yana ɗaukar thea fruitsan fruitsanyun da suka faɗo daga ƙasa, yana jawo abin da ya dace a lokacin kamannu. Gangar jikin itace maɓarnata mai ƙwaƙwalwa wanda ƙwarewa yana karanta alamun haɗari da kuma yiwuwar matsi.
Tapir na Amurka ta Tsakiya (Tapir bairdii ).
Tapir yana yiwuwa a kowane lokaci na shekara. Cutar ciki ta kai tsawan kwanaki 400, kuma kwata-kwata baya zama kamar dabbobi. An haife su da launin launi, wanda ya ɓace bayan watanni shida. A jimillace, tapir baya rayuwa sama da shekara 30, kuma mace tana haihuwar mafi yawan lokuta ga ɗa guda ɗaya. Wannan yana bayanin saurin ɓarnatar daɗaɗɗɗa daga fuskar ƙasa.
Black tapir (Alamar cutar ebola ).
Yawan wakilan waɗannan dabbobin da ba a sani ba sun ragu saboda ci gaba da farautarsu da kuma share gandun daji. Babban barazanar dasu shine mutum. Duk da haramcin farauta, masu fashin baki kan kashe masu tafodi kuma sukan sayar da kitsenen mai da fata mai ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin ɓarke, a kan farashi mai ƙima.
A yau a duniya akwai nau'ikan taksi huɗu kawai - uku daga cikinsu suna zaune a Amurka da ɗayan Asiya. Dukansu suna sanannu da manyan masu girma dabam: tsayi a cikin mayuniya ya kai mita, tsawon jikin mutum yana da mita biyu, kuma suna yin nauyi daga kilogram 150 zuwa 300.
Babban turanci na Amurka (Tapirus bairdii) babban dabbar da ke da gajeren launin toka-mai-launin fari. Mazauninta shine yankin gaba ɗaya daga Meksiko zuwa Panama.
Tapir Amurka ta Tsakiya (Tapir bairdii ).
Plain tapir (Tapirus terrestris) yana zaune a arewacin Kudancin Amurka. An lullube jikinsa da launin ruwan kasa-baƙi, alamun haske ana gani a wurare. A wuyansa akwai maƙarƙashiya mai kauri. Wannan dabba ana farauta, saboda yan gari suna son naman sa. A mafi yawancin lokuta, farauta yana ƙare da nasara, tunda tapir ɗin ba ya gudana da kyau, kuma ba koyaushe ba zai yiwu a nemi mafaka a cikin ruwa.
Tapir a sarari (Tauraruwar cutar ebola ).
Plain tapir (Tauraruwar cutar ebola ).
Ana samun tsaunin Mountain tapir (Tapirus pinchaque) a cikin dazuzzukan daji na Kolombiya da Ekwado. Wannan shi ne mafi ƙarancin wakilcin halittar tapirov. Daga nau'in halittun biyu da suka gabata, ya banbanta cikin tsananin kauri gashi kuma rashin mane.
Mountain tapir (Tsinkayar cutar ebolera ).
Ana samun Tapir (Alamar Tapirus) a kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Musamman yawancin su a Thailand, Burma da Malay Peninsula. Mayafinsa yana da sauti biyu - tsakiyar jiki yayi haske, kamar an rufe shi da “shabra”, kafafu na gaba da wutsiya mai launin duhu. Godiya ga wannan launi, ana iya rufe mashin a cikin gandun daji a tsakanin ciyayi. Black tapir ne kyakkyawan mai iyo. Yawancin mutane ma sun yi aure cikin ruwa.
Black tapir (Alamar cutar ebola ).
Tapir na Amurka ta Tsakiya (Tapir bairdii ).
Tapirs suna son gishiri kuma suna shirye don zuwa kowane nesa don neman kyawawan abubuwa. Hanyoyin da tapirs suka bi suna kama da hanyar ƙasa. Wasu lokuta injiniyoyi suna amfani da su yayin tsara sabbin hanyoyi.
Black tapir (Alamar cutar ebola ).
Sinawa da Jafananci sun fassara sunan wannan dabba a matsayin "masu cin mafarki." Tapirs sune dabbobi masu karancin binciken duk dabbobi. Babu wanda ya san daidai yadda suke kulla dangantaka a cikin ƙungiyoyin su kuma me yasa suke yin sautin mara daɗi wanda yake kama da saƙo.
Tapir a sarari (Tauraruwar cutar ebola ).
Dukkan sauran nau'in tapirs guda hudu da aka lissafa an rubuta su a cikin Babban littafin kuma suna ƙarƙashin kariyar Asusun Kula da Namun daji.
Tapir Amurka ta Tsakiya (Tapir bairdii ).
Tapirs (Tapirus) - herbivores mai tarin yawa tare da jikokin tsokoki da gajerun tsokoki. A yau akwai nau'ikan taksi huɗu. Uku daga cikinsu suna zaune ne a Kudancin Amurka, kuma nau'in na huɗu suna zaune Burma da Thailand. Dabbobin Tapi suna da kunya, dabbobi marasa iyaka na wurare masu zafi waɗanda ke rayuwa a kusan kowane yanki mai dazuzzuka ko ciyawa tare da samun ruwa mai tsafta.
Girman duk tapirs a matsakaici ya zama m 1.8-2.5, kuma nauyin shine 150-300 kg. Jikinsu yana da sihiri na conical: an zagaye shi a bango da tapers a gaban, wanda ya dace sosai don motsi mai sauri ta hanyar zurfin ruwa. Bugu da kari, tapirs suna da wutsiya mai gajarta.
Tapirs sune kawai keɓantattun ganyayyaki. Suna cin ganye, ganye, harbe da 'ya'yan itatuwa da yawa. Waɗannan dabbobi ne kawai, ban da mace da zuriyarsu. Cutar ciki tana kusan watanni 13-14. Yara na tapirs an kaurace musu bayan watanni 10-12, kuma lokacin balaga na faruwa ne kimanin shekaru 2-4. Tapirs suna rayuwa na kusan shekaru 30. Yanzu duk nau'ikan tapirs guda hudu suna gab da hallakarwa, kuma adadin jama'arsu yana ci gaba da raguwa da sauri.
Blackd-eyed ko Malayan tapir (Alamar Tapirus) ita ce mafi girma a cikin halittar. Yankunan su yana da iyaka a kudancin Vietnam, kudu da Kambodiya da Myanmar (Burma), Yanayin Malay da kuma tsibirin Sumatra. Babban nauyin wannan tapir yana daga kilogiram 250 zuwa 540, tare da tsawon 1.8 zuwa 2.5 m da tsawo daga 0.9 zuwa 1.1 m. Babban fasalin wannan nau'in shine babban tabo a bayan launin toka mai haske.
Kodayake, a matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana daukar tapi a matsayin kaɗaici, dabbobi marasa tsinkaye, tef ɗin da aka goge sun fi haƙuri da dangi kuma suna nuna faɗuwar rana, maimakon rayuwa gabaɗaya. Zasu iya kafa kungiyoyin wucin gadi a lokacin da ake fama da karancin abinci. Suna ciyar da nau'ikan tsire-tsire sama da 122; 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna ɗaukar babban ɓangare na abincin wannan nau'in. Wani tsoho yana cin 4-5% na nauyinsa a rana.
Bayanin da fasalin bayyanar
Tapir wakili ne na rukunin artiodactyl. Fassara daga yaren kabilun Kudancin Amurka na nufin “mai”, an yi masa lakabi da lokacin farin ciki. Jiki mai ƙarfi, na roba a cikin mutum mai kafafu mai ƙarfi da gajerun wutsiya. A kan goshin hannu, yatsu 4, akan kafafun kafa 3. Fatar an rufe shi da gajeren gajeren gashi mai launuka daban-daban, ya danganta da nau'in.
A kan kai, lebe na sama tare da hanci yana ƙaruwa, yana ƙare tare da diddige tare da hairs mai hankali. A lokaci guda, ƙaramin proboscis, wanda ke taimakawa tare da cin abinci da bincika yankin da ke kewaye.
Wanne yana da matukar mahimmanci ga hangen nesa mara kyau na dabba. Matsakaicin tsayin jikin mutum mai tsayi 2 mita, tare da tsayi a witirin a cikin mita. Tsawon wutsiya shine 7-13 cm .. nauyin ya kai kilogiram 300, yayin da mace koyaushe tana da girma fiye da maza.
Dabbobin Tapir , wanda ke da fasali na lumana, yana da kyau ga mutane, don haka yana da sauƙi a shawo shi. Dabbobi masu shayarwa dabbobi suna dan iska da wuri, amma a lokuta masu haɗari suna gudu da sauri. Versaukan waɗanda za su yi wasa da kuma iyo a cikin tafkin.
An yi nazari akan nau'ikan hudu. Daga cikinsu, mutum ɗaya kaɗai ke zaune a tsaunuka. Gane na biyar an gano shi kwanan nan.
1. Tapir na Amurka ta Tsakiya
Tsawon Jikin: 176-215 cm.
Tsare a ƙuna (tsayi): 77-110cm.
Habitat: Daga arewacin Mexico zuwa Ekwado da Columbia.
Siffofi: ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan da ba a taɓa yin nazarin ba. Yana zaune a cikin wurare masu zafi. Yana ajiye kusa da ruwa, kyakkyawan iyo da ruwa.
Bayyananniya: Manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa na gandun daji na Amurka. Yana da ƙaramin wasan kwaikwayo da wando na shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Yankin cheeks da wuya shine launin toka.
Tsayin jiki: 180 cm.
Habitat: Kolumbia, Ekwado, Peru, Venezuela.
Fasali: Mafi qarancin wakilin tapirs. Yana zaune a yankuna masu tuddai, wanda ya kai tsayin mita 4000, zuwa ƙarshen kan dusar ƙanƙara. Rarewarin da ba a taɓa yin nazarin halitta ba
Bayyanar jiki: Jiki na roba ya ƙare da gajeriyar wutsiya. Wata gabar jiki tayi sanyin gwiwa da tsoka, saboda tsaunin dutse ya shawo kan matsalolin dutse. Launin rigar ya bambanta daga launin ruwan kasa mai duhu zuwa baki. Thearshen lebe da kunnuwa masu launin ne masu launin.
3. Plain tapir
Tsawon Jikin: 198-202 cm.
Habitat: Kudancin Amurka, daga Columbia da Venezuela zuwa Bolivia da Paraguay.
Fasali: Mafi shahararrun nau'in halitta. Plain tapir yana jagorantar rayuwa mai kaɗaici, yana zaune gandun daji na wurare masu zafi. Matan sun kawo cuba onea guda, mai launin ruwan hoda mai shuɗi tare da aibi da madaidaiciya.
Bayyananniya: Karamin aiki, dabbar dabba mai karfi da iyaka. Karamin madaidaiciya, m. Launin mara waya a bayan baya shine launin ruwan kasa-baki da launin ruwan kasa akan kafafu, akan sassan ciki da kirji na jiki. Akwai iyakar haske akan kunnuwa.
4. Black tapir
Tsawon Jikin: 185-240 cm.
Habitat: Kudu maso gabashin Asiya (Thailand, kudu maso gabashin Burma, Mallaka Peninsula da tsibiran makwabta).
Bayyanarwar: Black tapir janyo hankalin tare da sabon abu canza launi. A cikin ɓangaren baya, an ƙirƙiri wani wuri mai launin toka-shuɗi (cheprak), mai kama da bargo. Sauran suttura suna da duhu, kusan baki ne. Kunnuwa kuma tare da farin kan iyaka. Mayafin yayi ƙanana, babu kwari a bayan kai. Fata mai laushi a kai, har zuwa 20-25 mm kuma kyakkyawan kariya ne game da cizon kwari.
5. Blackan karamin baki tapir
Tsawon Tsarin Jiki: 130 cm.
Habitat: yana zaune a yankuna na Amazonia (Brazil, Kolumbia)
Fasali: Kwanannan aka gano ta amfani da tarkunan kyamara. Mace ta fi namiji girma. Smallestaramin da mafi karancin karatu.
Bayyananniya: Mutane dayawa da suka mallaki duhu ko launin toka mai duhu. Matan suna da tabo mai haske a kan ƙananan ƙwanƙwasa da wuyansa.
Blackan karamin baki tapir
Habitat da salon rayuwa
Daya daga cikin tsoffin dabbobi masu shayarwa. Yanzu dai mutane 5 ne kawai aka kiyaye. Abokan dabbobi a kan ƙasa sune jaguars, damisa, dabbobin ruwa, bears, a cikin ruwa - crocodiles. Amma babban barazanar ya fito daga mutum. Farauta yana rage dabbobi, kuma lalata ciyawa yana rage wurin zama.
Yin nazarin batun menene nahiyar ke rayuwa a ciki Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa mazauna wuraren sun ragu sosai. Babban nau'ikan 4 na zaune ne a Amurka ta tsakiya da kuma wurare masu dumama. Kuma ɗayan - a kan ƙasashen Kudu maso gabas Asiya.
Waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa masu ƙaunar ciyayi ne, mai laushi mai yawa, inda akwai ciyayi mai yawa. Kuma tabbatar da samun kandami ko kogi kusa, saboda suna cikin ruwa na dogon lokaci, suna iyo da nutsuwa da nishaɗi.
An kunna dabbobi a maraice da maraice, saboda haka nemo tapir da rana yana da wuya. Dabbobin tsaunin suna bacci da rana. Idan akwai haɗari, za su iya canzawa zuwa salon rayuwar dare. A cikin lokacin bushewa ko tare da mummunan tasirin ɗan adam akan mahallin, dabbobi suna ƙaura.
Tapirs suna gudu da sauri, suna iya tsalle, ja jiki, saboda dole su motsa cikin gandun daji wanda ba zai iya yiwuwa ba tare da bishiyoyin da suka faɗi ko kan tsaunin tuddai. Abin da ya fi so a lokacin shaƙatawa shine yin iyo a tafkunan ruwa. Kuma wasu mutane na iya cin algae ƙarƙashin ruwa.
Tapirs a cikin kwari suna zaune shi kaɗai kuma sau da yawa suna haɗuwa da zafin rai idan sun hadu. Dabbobin suna alamar ƙasa, saboda haka abokan gaba ne ga baƙi. Yi magana a tsakaninsu da sauti mai amo kamar soso. Tare da tsoro, sun gudu, da wuya su ciji.
Sake buguwa da tsawon rai
Balaga na jima'i na mutane yana faruwa a shekaru 3-4. Mace kusan kusan kilo 100 ne fiye da namiji, kuma a zahiri ba su bambanta da launi. Atinganyen tapirs yana gudana a duk shekara kuma wanda ya fara wannan dangantakar shine mace. Tsarin kamfani yana faruwa ba kawai akan ƙasa ba, har ma a ruwa.
A lokacin wasannin mating, namiji yakan kwashe tsawon lokaci bayan mace kuma yana kara sauti, mai kama da saqo ko sauturu. Masu yin jima'i marasa aminci ba sa bambanta, kowace shekara mace tana canza namiji. Tapir ciki yana ɗan lokaci sama da shekara guda, kusan watanni 14.
Mountain Tapir Cub
A sakamakon haka, ana haihuwar jariri, sau da yawa ɗaya. Matsakaicin nauyin jariri shine 4-8 kg (ya bambanta, ya danganta da bambancin jinsunan dabbobi). Smallarami tapir a cikin hoto launi ya bambanta da uwa. Ulu yana da aibobi da rabe-rabensu. Wannan ra'ayi yana taimakawa don ɓoyewa a cikin wani kurmi mai yawa. A tsawon lokaci, bayan watanni shida, irin wannan canza launin ya wuce.
Mako na farko da jariri da mahaifiyarsu ke ɓoye a ƙarƙashin tsari na gandun daji. Uwa tana ciyar da madara kwance a ƙasa. Kuma tuni daga sati na gaba, dan saniya yana bin ta don neman abinci. A hankali, mace ta saba wa jaririn don shuka abinci.
Ciyar da madara ta ƙare cikin shekara guda. Shekaru 1.5, thean sandansu ya kai girman manya, kuma lokacin balaga yana faruwa ne da shekaru 3-4. A matsakaici, a ƙarƙashin kyawawan yanayi, tapi sun rayu kusan shekaru 30. Ko da cikin zaman talala, za su iya kaiwa ga wannan zamanin.
Kashewa don kare nama, fata mai laushi da ƙonewar daji a cikin mazaunun tana shafar yawancin jama'a. Cutar da mutane ba a sarrafa tapi ba tare da an rage yawan dabbobi ba kuma yana haifar da lalata nau'ikan dabbobi.
Duba kuma mutum
An bayyana raunin waɗannan dabbobin ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa ana farautar mutanen tapirs don nama da fata. Bugu da kari, saboda lalataccen daji, an lalata asalin wuraren da suke tapi. Sakamakon haka, mutanen tef, a cikin neman abinci, na iya zuwa wurin rake ko kuma tsire-tsire a koko kusa da gandun daji. Irin wannan ziyarar yakan kawo karshen kisan.
A koda yaushe ana ajiye filayen filayen a cikin wuraren zoos. Suna da sauƙi tamed.
Rayuwa da Halayyar Al'umma
Tapirs dabbobi ne masu dattaku da kulawa, masu aiki a cikin duhu. Da rana suna ɓoye a cikin ɓarnar fararen itace, fita don ciyar da dare. Wadannan dabbobin suna iyo da kyau, suna nutse, saboda haka sun fi son zama kusa da tafkunan inda aka sami hatsari. Bayan yayi bacci, tapir zai iya kasancewa a karkashin ruwa na wani lokaci. Tapirs dabbobi ne masu kaɗaici, kuma idan sun haɗu da dangi, suna aikata halayya ta mutuntaka sosai da juna, kowa yana ƙoƙarin tsoratar da abokin gaba. Maƙiyi na halitta sun haɗa da cougars, jaguars da kuruciya.
Vocalization
Sadarwa tare da dangi, tapirs emit sokin, sautu-kamar sauti.
Kiwo da girma zuriya
Tapirs sun kai ga balaga har da shekara 3-4. Propagate duk shekara zagaye, ba bi zuwa wani lokaci. Cutar ciki tana wuce kwanaki 412 (sama da shekara guda!), Bayan wannan ne haihuwar cuba onean guda. Da wuya, tagwaye sun bayyana a haske. Jariri ya rufe kansa da duhu, fararen fata. Abubuwan fatarsa sun katse, masu gushewa. Jariri jariri mai nauyin kilogram 4-7. A kwanakin farko na rayuwa, jariri ya zauna a boye, amma bayan mako guda kawai ya fara rakiyar mahaifiyar lokacin da za ta ciyar. Watanni shida bayan haka, mace ta daina ciyar da jariri da madara, kuma abin sha ya sha zuwa abincin da aka shuka.Ta wannan alamar, sake kamannin zane mai launi ya bace. Girman girma na matashin tapir ya kai shekara daya da rabi. Shiga cikin haihuwa na iya zama shekaru 3-4.
Dabbobin a gidan zu
Tapir dinmu mata ne, an haife shi a 1986, kuma a 2005 ya zo mana daga Zirin na Berlin. Tapirs dabbobi ne na dabbobi, don haka a gidan zu ciyarwa, tana samun dankali da karas, leas, fruitsa fruitsan itaciya, ganyayyaki na herculean tare da Peas, wanda ke ƙara bitamin da abinci mai ma'adinai, har da abinci na musamman.
Tun da mace ta riga ta kasance ƙarami, ita ce, kamar yadda suke faɗa, hali ne. Kovsyakuyu sabon taron ko canji a cikin tsarin rayuwar yau da kullun suna da shakku. Misali, isowar masu kulle-kullen ko masu wutan lantarki na iya buga shi da rana, kuma bukatar turawa zuwa ga makwabta na makwabta, wanda galibi ya kunshi raƙumi, ya zama babbar matsala. Tabbas, lokacin aiki tare da gilashin gilashi, ana buƙatar fasahohi na musamman waɗanda a gefe ɗaya sauƙaƙe aikin ɗaukar hotuna, yayin da ɗayan yana taimakawa dabbar don jimre da abubuwan da ba makawa kuma koyaushe masu ban sha'awa. Don yin wannan, ana gabatar da darussan motsa jiki na yau da kullun ta hanyar stapir, ƙofar wanda dabbar ta "sami" ukiper dainty, yana da sauƙi, ya zama dole don ayyukan kulawa. Misali, an koyar da dabba cewa domin samun innabi, tana buƙatar taɓo hanci daga maƙasudin wuta. Burin shine fil fil. Godiya ga irin wannan horon, mai tsaron gidan na iya cike dabbar da firam ta rabin-buɗe, fara wani keji kusa da ita har ma da canja wurin bazara da hunturu a gefen hanya daga aviary hunturu. A baya, wannan hanyar tana biyan kowa da yawa da ƙarfi, jijiyoyi da lokaci.
Har ila yau tsufa yana buƙatar kulawa mai mahimmanci ga lafiyar dabba: jarrabawar dabbobi, saka idanu akan nauyi, saka idanu na hooves kuma, idan ya cancanta, magani. Domin tapir ya ba da damar duk waɗannan manipulation ɗin da za a aiwatar tare da ku, kuma mafi mahimmanci, cewa ba su haifar da damuwa ba, ana kuma yin horo na musamman.
Sakamakon horarwa, mashin din ya sami nutsuwa da wadannan hanyoyin, kuma rayuwarsa ta sami kwazo da nutsuwa.
Rayuwa da abinci mai gina jiki na dabba mai suna tapir
Wayayyun tapir ba su da haɓaka sosai, amma wannan kyakkyawan fasalin ƙanshi ne. Aiki a tsakanin tapirs yana faruwa a yamma da dare.
Gabaɗaya, tapirs ta dabi'a sune dabbobi masu sirri da tsoro, duk da girman su. Tapirs sun gamsu da yin iyo sosai, suna son ruwa sosai kuma suna farin cikin basu lokaci.
Abincin baƙar fata na tapirs ya ƙunshi ƙananan yara na ganye da kuma harbe daban-daban. Bugu da kari, tapirs suna iya cin gansakuka da ciyawa da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Sake bugun baki tapir da kuma rayuwarsu
Wanda ya fara kirkirar wata mace a cikin tapirs ba namiji bane, amma mace ce. Wani baƙon abu, ko ba haka ba? Bayan samuwar “dangi” da kuma dabbar ta hanyar mace-macen, mace ta tsinke ‘ya’yan na kimanin watanni 13-14! Haka ne, matsalar ta tapir tana da yawa!
Jaririn Tapir - ya bambanta da launi daban-daban daga iyayensa.
Bayan haka, cuba cuba ɗaya ne kawai aka haifa. Lokacin haihuwa, ana yiwa jariri fenti mai launi iri-iri, wanda ke canzawa gabaɗaya yana da shekaru huɗu.
Niramin - Maris 13th, 2016
Tapirs (lat. Tapirus), dabbobin da keyi kama da alade a farjinsu. Wannan shi ne guda ɗaya na artiodactyls. Babban fasalin rarrabewa na tapir ana iya kiran shi ɗan ƙaramin akwati, wanda dabbobi ke kwace abinci. Suna zaune a Kudancin da Tsakiyar Amurka da kudu maso gabashin Asiya.
Tapir babban dabba ne babba. Mutane manya sun kai tsawon mita 2, nauyi - har zuwa kilogiram 300. A cikin daji, suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 30. Suna zaune inda akwai ruwa kusa. Koguna, tafkuna da tafki na wucin gadi sun dace. Ruwa ba wai kawai yana ba da tapir damar cin tsire-tsire na ruwa ba, amintaccen tsari ne daga maƙiyan halitta waɗanda suke mafarkin cin alade tare da gangar jikin, amma kuma wani nau'in salon shakatawa. Kifi a cikin tafkunan sami damar tsaftace fata na tapir.
Baya ga abin da ke tsiro a cikin tafkunan, tapirs kuma suna ciyar da kayayyakin gandun daji. Ganyayyaki, ganyayyaki da sauran ciyayi na daji sun dace da dabba akan tebur.
Asalin dabbobi yana daɗaɗɗe, amma, rashin alheri, ɓace. Dalilin shi ne mutum. Dukansu nama da fata na tapir ana godiya. Bugu da kari, sakamakon daukar ciki, wanda yakai kimanin kwanaki 400, galibi ana haihuwar koda guda daya. Tapirs kawai bazai iya ci gaba da yunwar ɗan adam ba.
Yaron yana da launi mai kyau na ban sha'awa. Yana taimaka masa ya haɗu da shimfidar wuri mai kewaye, amma nan da kimanin watanni shida dabbar ta sami launi mai launi.
A zamaninmu, akwai nau'ikan tefukai 5 kawai da suka rage: Amurkawa huɗu (Plain tapir, Mountain tapir, tapir na Amurka ta tsakiya, Cabiri tapir) da Asiya guda ɗaya (Black tapir).
Karatun Plain ba su da yawa a cikin dare. Dutsen su, musamman - dangin Andean - rana.
Duba kyawawan hotuna na nau'ikan tapirs daban-daban:
Hoto: Tapirs tare da cub.
Hoto: Tapir na Amurka ta Tsakiya
Hoto: Black tapir.
Hoto: Mountain Tapir
Hoto: Plain Tapir
Hoto: Tapir cabomani.
Bidiyo: Tapir - mafi dabbobin da suka rayu a zamanin Ice Ice.
Bidiyo: Gaskiya Game da Tapir
Bidiyo: Wannan shi ne abin da Tapir yake ji ... ..
Bidiyo: Tapir yana son a bugi jini. Dabbobin dabbobi masu ban dariya a cikin zoo
Tapirs manyan herbivores ne waɗanda suke waje suna kama da aladuran Guinea. Suna da sauƙin ganewa ta hanyar ƙananan proboscis nasu na sassauƙan ƙarshen ƙarshen ƙwaƙwalwa ko launi mai haske na ɗumbinsu.
A halin yanzu, an rarrabe nau'ikan 4 a cikin iyalin tapir, mafi girma daga cikinsu shine fatar ido (Malay). An kuma san shi da launin fatarsa mai launin fari da fari.
Wurin haifuwar fararen baƙi ne kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Ana samun su a Thailand, a cikin yankunanta na tsakiya da kuma Kudancin, game da. Sumatra, a cikin Myanmar da ma Malaysiya.
Abubuwan duhu masu duhu - mazauninsu na zamani na blacksmith tapir
A waje, yan tapi da gaske kadan ne game da aladu, amma babu laifi za'a gaya masu :). Suna girma zuwa mita 2-2.4 a tsayi kuma mita 1 a tsayi. Amma ba koyaushe manyan mutane ke zama maza ba. Mafi yawan lokuta, tapi, akasin haka, mace sun fi maza girma. Yawan jikinsu yana nisan kilogram 250-320.
Tsarin launi na Malayan tapir baya haskakawa tare da haske da launuka iri-iri. Abu ne mai sauki a rarrabe shi a baki da fari ko baki da launin toka. Dabbobin da kanta an sanya fenti baki ɗaya kuma kawai a baya da kuma bangarorin akwai katon haske mai launin fari da launin shuɗi mai haske - shabrack (saboda haka sunan jinsin wannan dabbar yana tafiya). Da kyau, a tukin kunnuwa kuma zaka iya lura da iyakar haske.
Idan kayi tunani game da shi, to wannan dabba zata kasance da hannu don samun launi mai duhu ko'ina cikin jiki, harma yana da wahala a gane cikin duhu. Amma babban farin tabo ba'a ba don ado ba kwata-kwata. Godiya gareshi, yana da wahala ma masu farautar dare su gano ganima ta hanyar gini.
A matsayin wata na'ura don kariya daga masu farautar, dabi'a ta baiwa mutane fatawoyi da fata mai kauri (har zuwa santimita 2.5) a kai da kewaye.
Tapirs sun shahara sosai saboda ƙarfin ƙarfin wari da kyakkyawan ji, amma tare da gani suna da rashin galibi. Da fari dai, suna da ƙananan idanu, na biyu kuma, wannan nau'in tapir ya fi wanda wasu ke da lahani na girgije ko lahani. Me yasa yake da wuya a faɗi tabbas.
Wadannan dabbobin sun fi son jagorancin rayuwa ta sirri, don haka babban aikin ana nuna shi sau da yawa a maraice da dare. Suna son ɓoyewa a cikin zurfin zurfafa kuma sun gwammace su zauna kusa da tafkuna da rafuffuka. Da kyau, suna son ruwa, menene abin ban mamaki anan? A cikin yanayi mai zafi suna yin iyo ko da daɗi.
Waɗannan dabbobi masu saurin rikicewa, amma, duk da yanayin su mai wahala, sun fi so su zauna cikin nau'i-nau'i. Ba a yiwa mutanen farko farmaki ba, kawai a cikin batun kare kai. Tattaunawa da juna na faruwa ne ta hanyar kuwwa da harbi da ihu.
Yawancin abincin baƙar fata na matasa tapir yara ne na fure da harbe. 'Ya'yan itace, ciyawa da mosses suna biye dasu. Ba su da wuraren kiwo na dindindin, saboda haka dabbobi suna ciyar da wurin da suke a yanzu.
A cikin lokacin matsewar, har ila yau suna yin hali kadan "ba tare da izini ba." Wannan rashin daidaituwa shi ne cewa neman ma'aurata ya fara ne da mace, ba namiji ba. Daga nan sai a sami wani masani, tare da raɗaɗa sautuka, yi wa juna gulma tare da cizo a gefe da kunnuwa.
Cutar ciki tana ɗaukar dogon lokaci - shekara guda da watanni 1-2, bayan haka macen ta haihu tana da guda 1 kawai. Abu ne mai sauki ka gane kananan yara '' tapir '' ta kananan launuka masu haske, wanda ya bace cikin watanni 4-7, ya canza zuwa launi mai duhu tare da cheprak.
Blackfin Tapir Cub
Suna haɓaka cikin sauri kuma a cikin watanni 6-8 sun riga sun sami 'yanci, amma sun isa lokacin balaga kawai ta shekaru 2.8-3.5. Dukda cewa wannan ba wannan bane tsawon lokaci, idan dai shekarunsu na rayuwa kusan shekaru 30 ne.
Dangane da matsayin su na yawan jama'a, a nan ne masu fatan alheri suke. Kowace shekara adadin waɗannan dabbobi yana raguwa kaɗan. Dalilin ba sabon bane - ƙaƙƙarfan daji - mazauninsu na asali. Wani dalili shine kama kasuwancin da ba bisa doka ba ga waɗannan dabbobi.
Yanzu an lasafta wani matattarar bakaken fata a cikin Littafin Tarihi na Duniya Red International a ƙarƙashin matsayin “jinsunan masu rauni”.
Tapirs suna zaune ne a Tsakiyar Amurka, Kudancin Amurka da Asia ta kudu maso gabas. Equan madaidaiciya na cikin tsari.
Akwai nau'ikan 4 da suka rage a cikinsu: Mountain tapir, Plain tapir, Tapir na Amurka ta tsakiya - dukkan su suna zaune a Amurka, da Black-head tapir, wanda ke zaune a Asiya.
Launi daga launin ruwan kasa mai duhu zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai duhu har ma da baki yana da asali a cikin jinsin Amurka. An fi yin caji mai launi, a baya da gefuna da ciki na dabbar akwai babban farin tabo guda ɗaya.
Hannun kunnuwa ana zanen su tare da farin fari. Fata yana da kauri, mai karfi tare da gajerun gashi. Kowane mutum yana da jiki mai nauyi tare da gajeren santsi mai santsi, kai mai elongated da wutsiya mai gajarta. A kan fuska akwai ƙananan idanu waɗanda suke da wuyar gani.
Kunnuwa suna zagaye da gajeru, duk suna jinsu da kyau. Guguwar tana ƙare da ƙaramar proboscis mai motsi, a ƙarshen wacce akwai faci. A kusa da shi akwai wasu ƙwayoyi masu saƙo masu hankali (vibrissa). Halin dabba na ƙanshi yana da kyau kwarai.
Tsawon jikin mutum ya kasance daga mita 1.7 zuwa 2.3, tsayinsa a kan mayukan ya kasance daga 1.8 zuwa 2.2 m, kuma nauyin yana daga kilogiram na 150 zuwa 320. Yatsun kafa uku a kan kafafu biyu, huxu a goshin hannu, karamin yatsun kafa a kan dukkan yatsun kafa.
Suna ciyar da abincin tsire-tsire - ganye, ganye, 'ya'yan itatuwa da berries. Kasancewa a cikin ruwa, suna ciyar da jikinsu da algae. Sun san yadda za a iyo, nutsewa, gudu da sauri da tsalle tsalle.
Fi son dare ko mara wa lokacin aiki. A sauƙaƙe tsayawa a kan kafafunsu na baya don samun ɗanyen ganye daga bishiyoyi, ta amfani da saɓin su na bestial, shawo kan shinge daga bishiyoyin da suka faɗi. Ko dai ya yi rarrafe a ƙarƙashin akwati, ko ya yi birgima da shi.
Yana da abokan gaba da yawa - wannan, kuma. Jin damuwa, famfon ɗin ya gudu, ko ɓoye a cikin ruwa. Idan babu wata hanya, to ya kare kansa ta amfani da hakora. Mutumin kuma ya ba da gudummawa, yana farautarsa saboda nama mai daɗi.
A lokacin kiwo, maza suna neman mace, suna kiransu da kaifi mai kaifi ko tari. Amma mata masu launin fata, ba kamar na Amurkawa ba, a daidai lokacin da kansu kansu suke neman abokin tarayya.
Bayan gajeriyar tafiya ta ma'auratan, daukar ciki ya gudana, wanda zai kai kimanin watanni 13. Strongaya daga cikin jariri mai ƙarfi an haife shi, yana awo daga 5 zuwa 10 kg (ya dogara da nau'in dabba).
Tapir baki (Lat. Tapirus indicus) wani ɗan dabba ne mai daidaitacce daga dangin Tapiridae (Tapiridae). Yana zaune a Sumatra, har ma a Thailand, Vietnam, Burma da Malaysia. Mafi yawancin lokuta ana kiranta Indiya ko Malayan tapir.
Turawan Turai sun gano wannan nau'in a cikin 1819 kuma sun sami sunansa saboda farin wuri a bayan jikin, wanda ake kira cheprak. Iyalin tapir an wakilce su da nau'ikan 4, wanda 3 jinsuna (tsauni, a fili da Amurka ta Tsakiya) suna zaune a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi na Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka.
Waɗannan dabbobin ban mamaki ana ɗaukarsu dangi ne na rhinos da dawakai.
An kira su relics mai rai, suna rayuwa a duniyarmu sama da shekaru miliyan 35, kuma a wannan lokacin ba a canza su ba. Burbushin halittun waɗannan dabbobi da aka samo a cikin Babban Birni sun kasance har zuwa shekaru kusan dubu 100. A wancan zamani, har yanzu sun bazu ko'ina cikin duniya.
A cikin Asiya, ana amfani da ƙwallon kafa ba ƙwararraki ba kawai don mai daɗi, irin naman alade ba, har ma ana ɗaukar mai kula da ta'aziyyar gida da kuma mai siyar da sihiri.
Halayyar
Wannan nau'in yana rayuwa na musamman a yankuna da ke cike da dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi. A nan ya sami mafaka mai aminci da yalwar abinci. Filin shimfidar ƙasa yana yawanci a kusa da tushen tsarkakakken ruwa - marmaro, koguna ko tafkuna.
Tapirs kuma zasu iya zazzagewa a cikin wurare masu narkewa, yin sanyi da wanka na laka. Domin kada ya sami nutsuwa a cikin fadama, sun yada yawansu. Dabbobin suna iyo da kyau kuma sun san yadda ake yin ruwa. Musamman abin burgewa shine ikon su na tafiya karkashin ruwa tare da kasan tafki kamar hippos. Don numfasawa iska, kawai suna buƙatar fallasa ƙarshen hancinsu mai dogon hanci.
Idan akwai haɗari, tapir tapir ya ɓoye a cikin jirgin, da ikon hawa kan tsaunin tsaunin. Ya kasance cikin ganyayyaki marasa kwari, ciyar da akasari akan ganyayyaki matasa na bishiyoyi da tsirrai, galibi suna cin 'ya'yan itace da ciyayi.
Yayin aiwatar da neman abinci, tapi sun ci gaba da taɓa ƙasa tare da ɗan ƙaramin akwati mai mahimmanci, gano daidai ƙanshin danginsu da masu farautarsu.
Sun gamsu da daidaikun mutane, sun jagoranci rayuwar dare kawai, kuma gungun dangi sune kawai mahaifiya da 'ya'yanta masu ban dariya. A cikin gandun daji, an lura da hanyoyi masu kyau, wadanda ke haifar da rami mai yawa. Sun yi masu lakabi da ƙarfi, suna watsa fitsari ko'ina. Sadu da dangi, sun dauki wata barazanar ra'ayi, suyi zagi da cizon hakora.
Hankalin tapir bai da kyau, amma jin sa da kamshin sa yana da ban al'ajabi ne. Siffar-siffar jikin mutum na bashi damar motsawa cikin sauri tsakanin dunƙulewar ƙuraje masu yawa, saboda ya ɗan ji ƙaramin kara.