Kharacins galibi ana kiransu kifi na Kharakasov, kodayake wannan ba gaskiya bane, tunda Kharazinki ɓangare ne na wannan babban rukuni na mazaunan ruwa.

Harazinobraznye sun hada da adadi mai yawa na wakilan kifin ruwa mai tsafta daga ƙarami (kusan 2 cm) zuwa babba, ya kai tsawon mil 1 a tsayi.

Duk da cewa wasu daga cikin mazaunan ruwa a cikin ruwa birrai ne, mafi yawan kifayen garken kwanciyar hankali ne. Dangane da ilimin ilimin halittar rayuwarsu da ilimin halittu masu inganci, sun fi kusa da nau'ikan kifin.

Theasar haihuwar Kharakasovs ita ce Kudancin da Tsakiyar Amurka, amma wasu nau'in kuma suna zaune a Arewacin Amurka da Afirka.

Wannan shine ɗayan tsohuwar kifi a duniyarmu, nau'in burbushinsu mallakar zamanin Jurassic ne.

Dukkanin Harakasovs suna da jiki wanda yake zagaye, wanda ya kawatu daga bangarorin, karamin kai, da kuma girman matsakaici. Launin kifin, dangane da nau'in halittu, na iya bambanta ƙwarai. A cikin akwatin kifaye, mafi yawan launuka da bayyananniyar launuka sun zama ruwan dare.

Hoto na kifi Characin:

Duk kifin umarnin Kharatsiniformes an san shi ta kasancewar ƙarin fin fin, wanda ake kira mai. Yawancin lokaci yana da siffar zagaye da ƙananan girma, kodayake a cikin wasu kifayen babba ne.

Ba a gyara ba kuma a asalinsa ƙaddarar fata ce ta fata wacce take bayan fin ƙarshen ɗaga. Ya ƙunshi kawai adipose nama, ba shi da haskoki.

Masana kimiyya basu zo ga yarjejeniya kan dalilin adipose fin ba. A cewar wasu ra'ayoyin, yana zama ƙarin samar da abinci mai gina jiki; ga waɗansu, an yi niyya ne don jawo hankalin mutane mata da maza a lokacin mazan.

Nazarin kwanan nan daga masanan kimiyyar dabbobi daga Kanada sun tabbatar da cewa adon fin ɗin yana da haɓaka haɓakar ƙarfin kifi. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar yanayin gurɓatar ruwa a bayan famin yana raguwa.

Bugu da kari, akan Wen akwai ciki, ke shiga ta hanyar jijiyoyi da tasoshin, mahaɗa. Sun ba da damar mazaunin ruwa a cikin ruwa su ji motsin rafin kuma nan da nan su zaɓi hanya madaidaiciya da hanyar motsi.

Haɗakawa a cikin yawancin Characiniformes yana da alaƙa da lokacin damina. Aquariums na zamani suna da hanyoyin kwaikwayon wannan lokacin sabili da haka waɗannan kifayen suna iya sa asali cikin bauta.

Mista Tail ya ba da shawarar: nau'ikan nau'ikan iri

Masu binciken ilimin kimiyyar Rasha sun bambanta ƙananan manufofin 12 a cikin gidan Kharatsin, a cikinsu akwai nau'ikan kifi 165 da nau'ikan kifin 962-1231, kamar Agoniatinae, Aphyocharacinae, Bryconinae, Characinae, Cheirodontinae, Clupeacharacinae, Glandulocaudinae, Iguanodectieinae Amma an kayyade cewa wannan rarrabuwa ba a kebance shi sosai ba, akwai wasu hanyoyin zabi na daban.

Daga matsayin masana kimiyyar kasashen waje, dangin Kharatsin a yau sun aiwatar da dimbin canje-canje na tsarin. Wani bita daga baya ya koma yawancin tsoffin mambobin sa zuwa nasu dangin amma daban dangi, alal misali, kifin alkalami na halittun Nannostomus, wanda yanzu ya koma Lebiasinidae, da kuma wasu nau'ikan halittu na Hoplias da Hoplerythrinus, yanzu aka tura su Erythrinidae, saber-toothed kifi na Hydrolycus aka canja shi zuwa Cynodontidae. Tsohon haɓakar ɗan ƙasa na Alestiinae an haɓaka shi zuwa matakin iyali (Alestiidae), kuma an canza ƙananan ƙananan crenuchinae da Characidiinae zuwa Crenuchidae.

Sauran kifin dangin Characin, waɗanda a baya aka sanya su a matsayin membobin Characidae, an motsa su don raba iyalai a lokacin sake duba haraji na ƙarshe (bayan 1994), ciki har da Acestrorhynchidae, Anostomidae, Chilodontidae, Citharinidae, Ctenoluciidae, Curimatidaidae, Distichodontidaee, Hasteropeida, Hasperopeida, Hasperopeida, Hasperopeida, Hasperopeida, Hasperopeida, Hasperopeida, Hasperopeida, Hasperopeida, Hasperopeida, Canperopeida, Canteropeida; Parodontidae, Serrasalmidae da Triporthidae.

Babban piranhas kuma yanzu ba ya cikin Kharatsinov, amma na dangi Serrasalmidae. Kodayake har yanzu ba a san waɗannan canje-canjen ba a duk faɗin duniya kuma har yanzu ba a yanke shawara ba ko a rarrabe kifaye tare da kayan Weber a matsayin kifin Kharatsin, wataƙila, har ma da babbar damuwa suna jiran harajin wannan iyali.

Don haka, zuwa yanzu tare da yiwuwar mafi girma a cikin Kharatsinovs akwai ƙananan ƙananan yankuna uku kawai:

• Spintherobolus clade ya haɗa da janareto biyu - Amazonspinther da Spintherobolus.
• Stevardiinae - 6 na samar, ciki har da Rhoadsiin, Stygichthyini, Hemigrammus da sauransu.
• Stevardiinae - 11 na haɓaka, ciki har da Tetragonopterus, Acanthocharax da sauransu.

Wannan labarin ya tattauna ne kawai daga cikin mafi bayyanannun wakilai na dangin Harakasov waɗanda ba su da tabbas a cikin aikin gona na akwatin kifaye.

Iyalin Kharkasov, musamman, sun haɗa da waɗannan nau'ikan.

Tape Astanaks

Wannan shine babban tsabtar ruwa mai laushi na launi na azurfa mai hankali. Maza sun fi girma daga mace kuma sun kai 17 cm tsayi. Suna zaune a cikin manyan garken dabbobi (kusan mutum 50) a Kudancin, Tsakiyar da Arewacin Amurka, suna mamaye kogunan ruwa da ke gudana tare da rauni mai halin yanzu daga Mexico zuwa Argentina.

Suna ciyar da karamin kifi da ragowar dabbobi masu shayarwa. A garken na iya ba da ƙimar da ta dace ga maharbi mafi girma. Suna da haƙoran maxilin haƙoran haƙora, tare da taimakon abin da suke samun damar tsinkewa daga jikin wanda aka azabtar da su.

Doarfin ƙwanƙolin ya ƙunshi haskoki mai laushi da kashin baya, akwai dunƙun laima kuma a kan tsinkaye, wutsiya tana da faffen biyu. Fin kitse mai yawanci ja ne.

Duk da launi maras kyau da aka samo a cikin jerin ruwayoyin mai son, kamar yadda lura da halayen mutane a cikin fakitin yana da ban sha'awa sosai.

Kifin ya sami sunansa ne daga gwarzon tarihin tarihin Girkawa mara tsoro.

Oligoarkus

Hakanan mai ƙaddarar umarnin Characinoids ne, yana haɓaka sama da 30 cm kuma yawan koguna, koguna da lagoons na yankunan rairayin bakin teku da filayen cikin gari na Rio Grande De Sul (Brazil), Uruguay da Argentina. Hakanan ana dafa shi a cikin tafkunan kamar kifi don kamun kifi na kasuwanci.

Launi na kifin ba mai haske bane, azurfa, fin fin yayi kyau sosai, translucent.

Makaho tetra

Stygichthys typhlops ko makafin kifi na Brazil wata halitta ce mai cike da yanayi da ke rayuwa a cikin kogon karkashin kasa na jihar Minas Gerais (Brazil).

An haife kifi tare da idanu, amma tare da haɓakar mutum ana jawo su ta fim, tun daulolin suna rayuwa cikin duhu cike.

Ya girma zuwa 4-5 cm, fata da sikeli ba su da launi.

Duk da kodadden kifayen waɗannan kifayen, ana sanya su a cikin akwatunan ruwa sau da yawa saboda ƙarancin hali da halayyar sabon abu, kodayake an san jinsin a matsayin haɗari saboda bushewar maɓuɓɓugar ruwa.

Cyanogaster noctivaga

Wani sabon salo mai ban mamaki da nau'ikan kifayen daga Rio Negro, kwari na Amazon (Ostariophysi, Characidae).

An gano shi ta hanyar binciken kimiyya na Jami'ar Brazil a São Paulo a 2011, wani bangare kuma ya bayyana a 2013.

Sunan nau'in yana fassara shi da "shugabban dare mai yaduwa mai shuɗi."

Matsakaicin girman babban datti yana da kafa 17,4 mm.

Kifin yana haifar da rayuwar da ba ta dace ba kuma yana da matukar wahala a lura da shi. An samo shi a karo na farko a cikin gada na acidic mai kama da mazaunin ƙaramin kifi a duniya, Paedocypris progenetica (Indonesiya tana da ƙarfi, tsawon 7-10 mm), wanda ke zaune a cikin ɗigon peat da kogunan ruwa baƙar fata. Cyanogaster noctivaga

Smallaramar kifi yana da raƙuka takwas a cikin cincin, bayan hakora huɗu na ciki.

Abinda ke faruwa daga sabon mai zama a cikin ruwa shine cewa haskoki guda biyar kacal ke cikin cinikin ciki kuma yana da hakori na waje guda ɗaya, babu maxillary.

Kari akan haka, madaidaicin sutturar kusurwa ya tsage, jiki ya kusan haske, kuma ramin ciki yana da haske, murfin farin ciki yana da ja.

A cikin maza manya, haskoki na ventral da ƙashin hauka na da ƙugiya.

Kifi yana da ban sha'awa sosai ta fuskar yanayin ruwa, ana iya samun cikakken bayanin shi da saƙo game da yiwuwar kiwo na kasuwanci.

Sauran nau'in

Wannan subfamily ya hada da sarauta, sarki, bakan gizo, rubba, mai dauke da wuta, mai haske, zinare, jan-tail, rawaya, lu'u-lu'u, black-neon, fatalwa, tutar, karya, x-ray (translucent) tatuttukan croaking sau da yawa wanda aka bayyana a cikin rubuce-rubuce na musamman da labaran labarai. , Costello tetra, Jinin zuciya, Twordman tetra (dodon kifi), Kopella Arnolda (tsalle-tsalle tsalle), har da shuɗi da sauran neons.

Kayan yau da kullun na akwatin kifaye

Kusan duk kifin Characin da ake amfani dashi a cikin tashoshin ruwa na zamani suna zaune ne cikin kwanciyar hankali tare da misalai irin na yanayin ruwa na ruwa.

A cikin rijistar gida na wucin gadi yana da kyau a cika gungun mutane akalla 8-10. Amma jinsuna daban suna yin halaye daban-daban - wasu garken kullun suna iyo tare, wasu suna haɗuwa cikin rukuni kawai yayin yanayi mai damuwa.

A ƙarƙashin yanayi mara kyau, Characin ya zama ba shi da ma'ana, ya sami launin shuɗi mara nauyi. Amma cikin ta'aziyya kuma tare da cikakken ciyarwa, launin waɗannan kifayen sun zama masu haske da nuna ƙarfi.

Wadannan mazaunan cikin ruwa basa buƙatar haske mai haske, tunda a yanayin yanayi suna rayuwa cikin haske. Haske mai haske mai haske yana makantar da Kharatsinok kuma yana tsokani tsalle-tsalle daga tanki. Saboda haka, murfin kan akwatin kifin ya kamata a buƙaci.

Don sake tsara asalin halittar asalin halittar ruwa na Kudancin Amurka na mazaunan ruwa a cikin tafkin wucin gadi, yakamata a samar da duniyoyin da ke tattare da tsire-tsire masu zurfi a bango da jiragen sama na tsakiya, ya kamata a bar gaban tank din don motsawa garken. A kasan sa duhu ƙasa, itacen oak, Birch, almond bushe ganye, ash itace. Zasu ba da ruwa mai taushi da launi mai duhu, waɗannan matakan, ƙari, za su taimaka wajen karfafa garkuwar kifi.

Kharatsinovy ​​kamar tsabtataccen ruwa mai gudana tare da rauni mai halin yanzu, don haka ya zama dole don samar da aeration da tacewa. Sau ɗaya a mako ya kamata a musanya shi har zuwa sulusin ruwan.

Tsarin zafin jiki, dangane da nau'in Kharatsinok, an zaɓi cikin + 23 ... + 30 ° С.

Yarbuwa

Ba wuya a zabi makwabta don irin nau'in kifin na Kharacin ba. Suna dacewa da nau'ikan mazaunan cikin ruwa:

• zebrafish
• katako, sira
• mollies
• maƙiyin
• guppies
• Pecilia
• masu ban tsoro
• apistogram
• katantanwa
• jatan lande.

Tare da taka tsantsan, yana da daraja kishi ga nau'in kifin Harakasov tare da kifayen fuloge, waɗannan dabbobin za su iya matse shi sosai.

Bai kamata ku haɗa Kharatsinok tare da masu tayar da hankali ba - cichlids, piranhas, cari Koi.

Ciyar da abinci

Kusan dukkan kifayen Harakas suna da yawa; a wuraren ajiyar ruwa, abincinsu shine algae, detritus, ƙananan invertebrates, kwari da larvae.

A cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye, waɗannan dabbobin za su yi farin cikin cin kowane abinci - rayuwa, daskararre, bushe, kayan lambu.

Kifi wanda launinsa ke mamaye launin ja, tabbatar ya haɗa da ruwan jini, tubuloids, artemia nauplia, carotenoids a cikin abincin. Sannan launinsu a koyaushe zai zama mai haske.

Rearancin nau'in nau'in Characin dabbobi na ciyar da soya kawai.

Kiwo

A karkashin yanayin zama na yanayi, farawa yana farawa a cikin kifin Characin a cikin lokutan huɗun ruwa; don cin nasara cikin kiwo a cikin yaduwar, ana yin koyi da su ta sauye-sauyen ruwa ta hanyar amfani da ruwa mai narkewa (wannan yana ƙara laushi cikin mahalli).

Bottomasan tanki keɓewa tana da layi tare da tsire-tsire tare da ƙananan ganye kuma an rufe shi da grid na daban. A wannan yanayin, iyaye ba za su iya cin ƙwai waɗanda suka faɗi a kan mai ba.

Da zaran an soya yin iyo, ana ba su abincin farko, ta amfani da ciliates da aka fi nomawa.

Mafi yawan lokuta, kiwo da kifin Characin bashi da wahala.

Banda wataƙila Neons. Don nasara cikin nasara, ya zama dole don ƙirƙirar yanayi na musamman. Ya kamata a maye gurbin ruwa ba kawai tare da distilled ba, yana da kyau a yi amfani da peat tare da babban acidity. Bugu da kari, ya zama dole a kara yawan iskar oxygen. Yanayin zafin jiki na matsakaici ya ƙaru zuwa + 30 ... + 31 ° C.

Bayan kifin ya ƙare, an cire iyayen daga filayen, tukunyar ta yi duhu sosai. Yana da kyau a ma rufe shi da mayafi mai duhu, barin barin aeration.

Bayan kwanaki 1-2, farawar larvae zai fara. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, soya ya kamata ya iyo, yadudduka daga spawning za a iya cirewa, amma wutar har yanzu ya kamata ta zama mara nauyi, mai ma'ana.

Ruwan musamman na ciliates an zuba shi a cikin akwatin kifaye a matsayin ciyarwa ta farko, wanda za'a tara daidai daidai lokacin da hasken yake. Wannan zai zama yankin ciyar da ƙananan yara.

Wannan yana ba ku damar lura da tsarin ciyarwa da sarrafa wadataccen abinci. Da zaran girgijen tafarkin ya ƙare, yakamata a sabunta shi. Ya kamata a ciyar da Malek Neon koyaushe, wannan kawai zai taimaka masa ya girma.

Tare da kulawa da ta dace, tuni a ranar 4-5 na farkon ciyarwa, yaran sun girma sosai kuma sun sami damar shayar da manyan abinci - ana iya basu brrim shrimp, bayan kwanaki 10 ana iya basu cyclops kuma sun saba da abincin flake da ƙaramin ƙanana.

Cutar da Rigakafin

Tushen kyakkyawan lafiyar Kharatsinok - tsananin kulawa da yanayin tsarewar da kiyaye ingantattun sigogin yanayin yanayin ruwa. Mafi sau da yawa, waɗannan dabbobin da ke cikin thermophilic suna faɗuwa da rashin lafiya tare da raguwa mai yawa a cikin zafin jiki a cikin tanki. A wannan yanayin, cututtukan masu zuwa na iya haɓaka:

• Fin gama. Ya bayyana a cikin girgije daga cikin aikin daskarewa da kuma bayyanar burbushi tare da gefuna. Wani lokacin kuma cutar ta shafi jijiya. Gidan wanka na salted na likita, gurɓataccen ƙasa da kayan aiki, ƙari na Bicillin-5 da kuma daidaita yanayin ƙa'idodin muhalli na iya taimakawa.
• Ichthyosporidiosis. Na farko alamun alamun wata cuta da ke haifar da cututtukan fungal cuta ce ta rikice-rikice na motsa dabba, to, akwai asarar ci, zubar idanu, disheveled Sikeli, bayyanar ulcers da necrosis a jiki. Wannan ilimin hawan jini yana haɓaka sannu a hankali, amma koyaushe yana kaiwa ga mutuwar dabbobi daga gajiya da ƙonewar gabobin, sabili da haka, ceton akwatin kifaye shine kawai don kawar da cutar da cikakkiyar ƙwayar cuta.
• Trichodinosis. Wannan cuta ta lalacewa ta hanyar infusoria mai zagaye-ciliary wanda ke shafar jikin dabbobi. Sikeli an rufe shi da wani abin farin ciki mai kyau, kifin da yake jikinsa a kasa, yayi kokarin samun karfin ruwa. Don magani, ana amfani da mai keɓe masu keɓaɓɓu, wanda aka haɗa methylene blue.

Shahararrun wakilan akwatin kifaye

Wakilan kowane nau'in halitta (Alestes, Mikralest, Bricinus, Phenacogrammus, Arnoldichtis, Ladigesia da Lepidarchus) suna kama da juna a cikin bukatun guda ɗaya don yanayin yanayin tsare. Mafi yawan nau'in akwatin kifaye na irin wannan kifaye:

• Nahiyar Afirka,
• Dwarf haracin da Adonis haracin,
• Mai rikicewa
• Ta Kudu Amurka,
• Nanomakasaru,
• Tushewar tetras
• Belly-kararrawa
• Maƙarƙancin baƙin ciki
• Piranhas.

Lura da dwarf characins.

Characin shine kifin akwatin kifaye na ƙanana da matsakaitan matsakaici, a kan matsakaici, ya kai tsawon jiki na 10-15 cm, kuma wannan yana cikin bauta. Dukkanin jinsunan ana iya sa su a gida, cikin sauri ake fara su. Yanayin akwatin kifayen yakamata ya kasance kusa da na halitta, saboda haka tankuna masu dacewa inda akwai ciyayi mai yawa da sarari kyauta don motsi. Tunda a cikin daji suna zaune a cikin ruwa mai tsabta tare da tsaftataccen ruwa, suna kula da gurbacewar ruwa da sinadarai.

Ana bada shawarar ruwa mai taushi ko matsakaici; a cikin irin wannan kifin za su kasance cikin shiri don haihuwa. Sau ɗaya a kowane mako 1-2, 20-30% na ruwa ya kamata a sabunta shi da tsabta. Fresh ruwa kada bambanta a cikin sigogi daga akwatin kifaye.

Haske mafi kyawun laushi da yaduwa, a cikin gandun daji yana da kyau a ƙirƙiri yanki tare da inuwa inda hasken rana ba zai shiga ba. A wurin, kifi ya dawo ya huta. Don ganin cikakken launi na launinsu, ana bada shawara a sa ƙasa mai duhu a ƙasan akwati. Yana da mahimmanci a rufe akwatin kifaye don kada dabbobin su yi tsalle.

Suna cin abinci mai sanyi, bushe da abinci mai rai. Ma'aikatan dabbobi suna buƙatar cin abincin kifi kawai. Wasu kifayen za su iya fasa ƙyallen.

Dubi wakilan dangin haracin a cikin kamfani tare da cichlids dwarf

Kiwo

A yanayi, farawa a lokaci daya tare da damana. Sauyawa sau da yawa tare da ruwa mai taushi yana ƙarfafa kifi don haihuwa. Ana samun wannan ta amfani da ruwa mai narkewa. Wasu nau'in na iya tsallake kai tsaye a cikin babban akwatin kifaye, amma a wannan yanayin zuriya za su yi ƙanana.

Don haɓaka damar rayuwa don soya, yi amfani da wani akwatin kifin dabam - spawning. Yaron da ke ƙasa yana yin layi a ƙasa - ƙananan tsire-tsire masu tsalle-tsalle, kuma an sanya madaidaiciyar giciye a saman su, wanda ke hana iyaye daga cin caviar. Ruwa mai tsalle ya kamata ya zama mai taushi sosai - har zuwa 3 ° dH.

Hatching soya fara ciyar da zaran sun fara iyo a kusa da akwatin kifaye, kuma horar da ciliates ana amfani dashi azaman farawa.

Neons

Neon ba wai kawai shine mafi shahararrun jinsin tsakanin characins ba, har ma yana daya daga cikin shahararrun kifin kifayen. Wakilan nau'in halittu masu araha ne kuma mai saurin kiwo, don haka farashin waɗannan ƙananan kifayen ke ƙasa.

Wannan halitta mai haske ta fi dacewa tana ma'amala da dangi. A cikin manyan ruwayen ruwa, neons suna kiyaye garken kyawawa, kuma raƙuman fitila a jikinsu suna jan hankalin mutane. Wadannan kifayen sun sami madaidaicin suna godiya ga alamomin tunawa da ranar da ake ƙona wutar.

Abin takaici, hikimar hikimar karamin kifayen sun bar abin da ake so. Neons mafi yawan lokuta ana rufe su a wurare daban-daban, alal misali, ga bayanan gizo ko don kaya. Ba za su iya fita daga tarkon kansu ba kuma galibi su mutu ba a sani ba.

A cikin duka, akwai nau'ikan Neon 4 - shuɗi, ja, kore da baki. A waje, suna da kama, amma a zahiri, a cikinsu akwai bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci, har zuwa yiwuwar zuwa cututtukan daban-daban.

Neon Turanci (Latin Paracheirodon innesi, Turanci Neon Tetra)

An buɗe a 1936. Da zarar a cikin aquariums, yi fantsama. Don neman garken kifaye masu launin shuɗi, masu aikin ruwa a shirye suna ba da kuɗi mai yawa. Irin wannan babban farashin ya kasance saboda darajar kifin - an yi imani da cewa a cikin bauta, neon ba ya asali, kuma an cire duk mutane daga cikin yanayinsu. A kan lokaci, ya juya cewa koda kifi na iya rayuwa cikin ruwa mai wuya, don kiwo yana buƙatar mai taushi - har zuwa 3 ° dH. Da zaran an fasa tsarin kiwo, farashin ya fadi sosai, yanzu an dauki bulu neon ɗayan kifi mafi arha.

Neon blue yayi kama da wannan:

• Girman kifin yana da ƙananan - har zuwa 3 cm.
• An goge bangon shuɗi mai launin shuɗi a cikin launi mai zaitun mai haske.
• Kyakkyawan shuɗi mai launin shuɗi yana gudana tare da jikin duka, yana farawa daga gaban ido kuma yana ƙare da ƙoshin mai.
• Wutsiya daga gefen gaban murfin fin har zuwa tushe tana da launi ja.

Red neon (lat.Paracheirodon axelrodi, Turanci Cardinal Tetra)

An ɗan buɗe ɗan lokaci kaɗan, a 1956. Da zarar a kasuwa, bai sanya wata alama ba fiye da ɗan'uwansa mai shuɗi. Koyaya, yana da bambanci da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi a cikin mafi tsananin launi mai launin ja, wanda yake farawa daga ƙarshen gaban ido yana gudana gaba ɗaya jikin. Hakanan, jan sabulu ya zama mafi laushi daga bangarorin, kuma jikinta yana da fadi. A cikin kiwo, yana da ɗan rikitarwa fiye da sauran ƙananan dabbobin.

Black Neon (Latin Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi, Turanci Black Neon Tetra)

Kyakkyawan kyan gani, masu ban mamaki, kifi mara misaltawa, musamman tare da kulawa da haske yadda ya kamata.

Kamar dai sauran neons, madaidaicin tsinkayen mara nauyi yakan wuce jikin mutum, amma a cikin tsakiyar ne yake azurfa. Karkashinsa daga gefen bayan ido akwai launin ruwan hoda mai kyau.

Erythrosonus (Latin Hemigrammus erythrosonus, Turanci Glowlight Tetra)

Hakanan shahara, tetra mai tasiri na ƙananan masu girma - har zuwa 4 cm.

Koma bayan erythrosonus yana da launi da zane a cikin launi mai rawaya mai haske, kuma daga gaban ido zuwa tushe na caudal kara akwai wani abu mai kyawu mai haske na ruwan zaki, kamar dai yana haske daga ciki. Raarshen fari na ƙushin fari yana da ja.

Ternia (lat.Gymnocorymbus ternetzi, Turanci. Black bazawara Tetra)

Babban kifin, kifi mai son zaman lafiya, wanda ke da matsakaicin girman da ya kai 6 cm ga characins Jikin sa dogo ne, ya kawatu daga bangarorin, kuma godiya ga farar fulawar sa kamar yayi zagaye. Sikeli na azurfa yana ƙyalli a cikin haske, yana ba wannan kifin kyautar-kamar kamannin. Mafi kyawun ɓangaren ƙaya shine farar fata ta baki mai kama da siket. Canjin asalin kifi shine launin toka mai haske. A gaban jiki akwai wata madaidaitan madauri madaidaiciya.

Kifi mai sauƙin siyarwa an daɗe da fifita daga masu shayarwa, kuma ƙaya tana da bambancin launi iri: baki, zinariya da albino. Mutane daya-daya da dogon mayafi tafin hannun suma an shayar dasu. Wannan kifin yakan zama wanda aka azabtar da launi na wucin gadi a launuka masu haske. Irin waɗannan mutane ya kamata a kula dasu da hankali - a tsawon lokaci, ana wanke zanen, rigakafi yana rauni kuma an rage rayuwa.

Wani al'amari mabanbanta shine gyara kwayoyin halittar GloFish. Wadannan kifayen an alakanta su ta amfani da injin ƙirar, kuma ana gādo launi daga tsara zuwa tsara. Bugu da kari, suna haskakawa a cikin hasken UV da fitilu masu fitilu masu launin shuɗi.

Akwai wadatattun ƙaya na GloFish a cikin launuka masu zuwa:

Kayan asalinsu kifayen suna cikin su kamar ƙayayuwa na ƙaya.

Ornatus

M, Hardy da kuma sanannun kifin kifin kifaye. Yana da siffar jikin mutum na yau da kullun don characins.

A cikin duka, an san nau'ikan jinsuna da yawa: ornatus na kowa, fatalwa baƙar fata, fatalwar ja, ja-ja da ornatus, ko rubostigma.

A cikin abun ciki, kiwo da yanayin, sun yi kama.

1. Ornatus vulgaris (Latin Hyphessobrycon bentosi, Turanci Ornate Tetra). Launi na halitta na wannan tetra ne launin ruwan kasa-birki tare da fararen dabbobin. Godiya ga zaɓi, an samo nau'ikan daban-daban - fari-fin, ruwan hoda da mayafin kayan ado. A cikin abubuwan sun kasance iri ɗaya ne, tunda sun kasance iri ɗaya ne.
2. Black Phantom (Lafazin Latin Hyphessobrycon megalopterus, Turanci Black Phantom Tetra). Bayyana kifi na launin toka da ƙarancin duhu.
3. Furewar Tsara (Latin: Megalamphodus sweglesi, Turanci; Red Phantom Tetra). Daga cikin ornatuses, ana ɗaukarsa mafi kamfani kuma ya fi son zama a cikin ruwa mai sanyi. Kamar yadda sunan yake nunawa, inuwa mai launin ja tana mamaye launinta. Jiki ya zama juzu'ai, kuma ƙashin kansa yana da wadataccen launi jan yaƙutu.
4. Red ornatus, ko rubostigma (lat.Hyphessobrycon erythrostigma, eng.Bleeding Zuciyar Tetra). Wani lokacin ana kiranta tetra tare da zubar jini. Tabbas, wannan kifin yana da kyan gani - jikinsa launin toka ne da inuwa mai haske, ƙarancin ƙwaya da na kare tare da alamun farin, kuma a tsakiyar jikin akwai alamar ja mai kama da rauni. Tare da dutsen yana da tsinke neon ruby.

Tetra von rio (lat.Hyphessobrycon ƙamus, Turanci harshen wuta Tetra)

Ofaya daga cikin haske characins, da daɗewa sanannen mashahuri ne. A gaban jiki shine zaitun ko launin toka mai launin shuɗi tare da alamomin baƙi na tsaye, suna juyawa cikin ruwan sanyi a wutsiya.

Ta hanyar zaɓi, an samo iri ba tare da furanni baƙar fata ba. A wannan yanayin, gaban jikin yana da rawaya mai haske, yana juyawa zuwa orange.

Serpas (Hyphessobrycon latin daidaita, Serpae Tetra)

Kyakkyawan Hardy tetra na launin tubalin haske. Tsakanin wasu nau'ikan characins, ana nuna shi ta hanyar zalunci kuma yana haifar da haɗari ga kifi tare da ƙusoshin mayafin. Koyaya, ga sauran tetras da mazaunan salula masu zaman lafiya ba haɗari ba. Wani fasalin sikelin maɓallin shine cikakkiyar wutsiyar wutsiya na zagaye.

Godiya ga aikin haɓaka mai haɓaka, haɓaka launi na fatalwa, tare da launin ja mai tsananin gaske, ya inganta. A cikin akwatin kifayen, an san shi da "ƙarami".

Lemon Tetra (Latin Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis, Turanci Lemon Tetra)

Abinda yafi kayatarwa shine wannan kyakkyawa mai rawaya cikin manyan garkuna. A cikin launi, launuka masu lemo sun mamaye, ƙarfinta wanda ya dogara da muhalli da ƙarfin keɓewa. Abubuwan da ke haske a cikin ruwan lemon tsami sune ƙarancin bakinsa mai launin shuɗi-fitsari da ƙyallen fitsari, da kuma farin idanu.

A yanayi, a lokutan haɗari, tetras an tumɓuke cikin babban garken, ta amfani da brightan iska mai haske don rikitar da mai yiwuwar maharbi.

Tetra amanda (lat.Hyphessobrycon amandae, Eng. Tashar Tetra)

Wannan karamin kifin a cikin girman jiki, girmansa da halayyar sa kamar na neon. Tinyan jikinta ba ta wuce girman 2 cm ba kuma tana da launin ja mai kyau.

A cikin akwatin kifayen kwanan nan ya bayyana kuma ya sami babbar sanannun tsakanin masoya masu maganin herbal da Nano-aquariums. Taken yaƙin da aka yi da ɗamara zai zama da daɗi game da bangon ɗanyen kore.

Gilashin tetra (lat.Prionobrama filigera, Turanci Gilashin jini Gilashin Tetra)

Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan da ba a saba gani da kyau tetras. Jikinta ya zama jujjuyawar, kuma ta hanyar shi ne kashin kifin a bayyane yake bayyane. Karatun caudal, yana farawa daga tushe, yana da launin ja mai launin jini.

Tetra Congo (lat.Phenacogrammus interruptus, Turanci Kongo Tetra)

Wannan kyakkyawan kifayen masu launin bakan gizo suna cike da martaba ga Kogin Kongo. Yayi girma sosai (cm 6), kuma ana iya bayyana girman jima'i a ciki fiye da takwarorinsu na Kudancin Amurka. Maza sun yi haske kuma sun fi mace kyau, suna da dogon ƙawancen rufi. Kifi da kansa yana da kyau: launin launinta yana lulluɓe daga turquoise akan ciki zuwa rawaya a bayan baya. Haɗakarwa da kyau sun dogara da yanayin da ya dace.

Royal Tetra ko Tetra Palmyri (lat.Nematobrycon palmeri, Eng. Sarkin Tetra)

Kifi na gani mai ban mamaki tare da nuna bambancin jima'i. Girmanta ƙananan ƙananan - 4 cm a cikin maza kuma 3.5 cm a cikin mata. Launi da siffar jiki suna da kyan gani - yankun baya na maza suna zaitun tare da shimfidar lilac shimmer. Daga cikin karaya zuwa wutsiya akwai fren baki, mai banbanci babba da ƙaramin rimi a sama. Insaƙƙarfan yatsun launuka ne da launin shuɗi, amma wutsiya a cikin maza yana da alama yana da madafan ikon zama na uku.

Mace sun kasance karami, suna kama da kadan kuma basa da wutsiya irin wannan na maza.

Ka'aba Tetra (Latin Moenkhausia pittieri, Turanci Ingilishi Tetra)

Kifi mai ban sha'awa wanda sunansa ya bayyana cikakkiyar bayyanarsa. Jikin tallin lu'u-lu'u shine silvery, tare da sikeli mai haske. Wasu sikari da aka warwatsa ana jefa su cikin shuɗi, rawaya da kore, suna sa kifin yayi kama da dutsen lu'ulu'u mai fa'ida.