A karo na farko, an sanya kyamarori akan Franz Joseph Land don saka idanu akan abubuwan hawa na Red Book. * Flora

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ARKHANGELSK, Satumba 8. / Corr. TASS Irina Skalina. Masana ilimin kimiyya sun fara sanya kyamarori don saka idanu akan abubuwan hawa na Red Book a Gunter Bay a tsibirin Northbrook na tsibirin Franz Josef Land, Maria Gavrilo, mataimakiyar darektan bincike a Filin shakatawa na Arctic ta Rasha, ta fada wa TASS ranar juma'a.

"Mun sanya kyamarori biyu masu tsauri don harbi na tsaka-tsaki, zai dauki hotuna a cikin awanni biyu. Wannan zai sanya ya yiwu a kimanta adadi sosai.

A cikin Gunther Bay, walruses suna haifar da rookery wanda dabbobi 500 zuwa 1000 zasu iya kasancewa a lokaci guda. A karkashin yanayin yanayi mai kyau, masana kimiyya na iya ziyartarta sau daya ko sau daya a kakar, amma, a cewar Gavrilo, wadannan abubuwan da aka keɓance ne da ba su nuna hoton gaskiya ba - ba za a iya kama dabbobi a cikin rookery ba. "Muna bukatar gano lokacin barin rookery a cikin bazara. Ba za mu taba samun kanmu ba, kuma idan kwatsam kyamarar ta tsira, za mu bi sahun lokacin da suka isa shekara mai zuwa," in ji Gavrilo.

A cewarta, lokacin da kankara ke tsiro, walruses sun wuce daga roketies a doron kasa zuwa kankara kankara, inda suke jin kwanciyar hankali. Daga hotunan zai iya yiwuwa a tantance wanene ya yi nasara a cikin rookery - maza ko mata tare da sa .an. An shirya tattara fim ɗin a cikin filin 2018.

An jera jerin sunayen walrus na Atlantic a cikin kasa da kasa da Rashan Littattafai na Rashanci. Arewacin Tekun Barents yana da shingayen kungiyar gabashin Atlantika, suka bazu daga Svalbard zuwa Novaya Zemlya da kudu maso Bahar Barents. Franz Josef Land yanki ne na shekara-shekara na walrus. Ana samun su ko'ina a kan tsibiri, amma wuraren natsuwa da wurin da rookeries ya dogara da yanayin kankara, zurfin, yanayin ƙasa da rarraba ƙananan al'ummomin da ke tarayya da su.

Filin shakatawa na Arctic National Park shine yanki mafi girma kuma yanki mafi kariya musamman a Rasha. Ya haɗa da tarin tsibirin Franz Josef Land da kuma arewacin arewacin Novaya Zemlya tarin tsibiri.

An kuma buga wannan kayan a sashin "Rahama" - babban haɗin kai tare da duk ayyukan zamantakewar Rasha "Live", wanda aka tsara don tallafawa mutane a cikin mawuyacin yanayi.

Ina yake kwata-kwata?

Wani tsibiri na tsibiran 192 yana saman saman duniya. Wannan busasshiyar ƙasa ce, ga mutum, wacce Kogin Barents ya wanke - ƙofar ƙarshe ta arewa. Anan, dusar kankara da ke kururuwa a cikin iska, suna nesanta kansu daga kankarau da shiga doguwar tafiya a kan teku, fjords mai zafi yana tashi cikin farin ciki, suna kauda kansu daga iska da yanayin ta tsaunin da babu tabbas. Tun 2009, Franz Josef Land ya mallaki ta National Park Arctic National Park, mafi nisa kuma mafi girman yanki na musamman na Rasha.

Gudanarwa, wannan har yanzu shine yankin Arkhangelsk, lokacin shine Moscow. Zuwa babbar karkara daga nan zuwa sama zuwa ga yankin Arewa. Daga Cape Fligeli a tsibirin Rudolph har zuwa inda ma'adinan suka hade, kilomita 900 kawai, kuma zuwa Kola Peninsula tuni 1200 kilomita.

Me Franz Joseph zai yi da shi?

Kasancewa a nan koyaushe ya kasance mawuyacin abu - iska da mummunan yanayi, ƙanƙara mai haɗari ya daɗe yana zama shinge ga abubuwan bincike. Wadanda suka fara yin hakan sune masu binciken polar, membobin kungiyar balaguron balaguro na Austro-Hungarian Karl Weiprecht da Julius Payer. A wani yunƙuri na neman hanyar arewa ta tekun, jirgin ruwan mai saukar ungulu Admiral Tegethoff na Austriya ya sha kankara. Babu wani abu kuma da ƙungiyar ta yi a cikin shimfidar kwance, wanda ya kwashe tsawon shekara ɗaya. An kawo su zuwa yaƙin-dikes na Halle Island a ƙarshen watan Agusta 1873.

An sanya wa sabbin filayen suna bayan Emperor Franz Joseph I, Weiprecht da Payer sannan kuma cikin kuskure suka yanke hukuncin cewa tsibiran ya hau kan Arewacin Arewa. Af, dole ne su bar jirginsu a cikin kankara, kuma abubuwan al'aura na gida suna taimaka musu su fita daga tarkon kankara, suna nuna musu hanyar zuwa Norway. Bayan haka, an gabatar da sunan tarin tsibirin na Romanov Land, Nansen Land, har ma da Kropotkin Land, amma ko ta yaya hakan ya ci. A shekara ta 1914, kyaftin na jeri na 1 na rundunar sojan Rasha, Islyamov ya daga tutar daular a kan tsibiran ya kuma bayyana hakkokin Rasha ga wannan yankin. A cikin 1926, aka ba da sanarwar tsibirin mallakar USSR bisa ga umarnin CEC, kuma a cikin 1929 aka buɗe tashar polar ta dindindin ta farko a kansu.

Me zan gani?

Anan ga aljanna ta ainihi ga masana kimiyyar kere-kere, kusan dukkanin tsibiran an rufe su da kankara, wanda kaurinsa a wasu wurare ya kai 400 m! Wannan shi ne ainihin abin da hamada Arctic yake, inda babu bishiyoyi ko tsirrai, kawai glaciers, permafrost, mosses da lichens. Yana da sanyi koyaushe a nan, kuma yanayin yana canza kowane minti kaɗan kuma saboda wasu dalilai koyaushe yana yin muni. A kan Franz Josef Land, zafin jiki da wuya ya tashi sama da sifili, sai dai watakila a tsakiyar watan Yuli. Daren hutun dare yana ɗauka a kan tsibirai tsawon kwana 125, kuma kwanaki 140 a jere akan tsibiran da rana ba ta faɗi ba. Franz Josef Land babban labari ne game da masu binciken pola kamar su Georgy Sedov, Fridtjof Nansen, Yalmar Johansen.

Wanene ke zaune a wurin?

Kodayake masana kimiyya suna zaune a tashoshin da yawa - Alexandra da Hayes a tashoshin polar da kuma tasoshin, tsibirin ba shi da amfani ga cikakken rayuwar mutum. Amma ga nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa 11, wannan shine kyakkyawan mazaunin rayuwa. Wannan ita ce ƙasar daɗaɗɗen rumfa, walruses na Atlantika, wanda aka rubuta rookery mafi girma a tsibirin Apollon, ƙarar ringi, hares teku (lahtaks), foxes arctic, reindeer da tsuntsaye arctic. Ruwan tarin tsibiri suna zaune ne da Greenland da Whales mai kifi, da kifayen whales, da kuma ƙananan kifayen waka. A cikin Tsarin Cambridge da Dezhnev Bay akwai damar da za a iya ganin narwhals har ma da katon herring Whale (finwala), ta biyu mafi girma a cikin dabbobi na duniya.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa

Isasashe uku na Franz Josef Land kawai ake ba su waɗanda mata. Kuma dukkan su dangi ne na Fridtjof Nansen. Ma'aikacin gidan leda dan kasar Norway ya ba da sunayen mutane uku na sushi domin girmamawa ga matarsa, diyarsa da mahaifiyarsa - Hauwa'u, Liv da Adelaide. Bayan shekaru da yawa, sai ga shi ya zama cewa tsibirin matar da representar suna wakiltar yanki ɗaya na gama gari. Sunan tsibirin za'a kiyaye shi sau biyu - Eva Liv

Yadda ake zuwa nan?

Hanyar mai sauki ce, amma mai tsada - a kan jirgi mai saukar ungulu ko jirgin ruwa daga Yuni zuwa Satumba. Yawancin lokaci, tafiye-tafiye zuwa tarin tsibirorin suna farawa daga Naryan-Mar ko Murmansk. Ana shigo da motocin a kan hanya, kuma ana shigo da fasinjoji a bakin kwale-kwalen ko jirgi mai hawa. Dole yawon bude ido tare da masu sa ido a kan filin shakatawa na Arctic National Park da kuma tabbatar cewa baƙi daga yankin ba sa kusantar sahun kusa kusa da 50 m. Idan an hango belar pola a bakin tekun, masu binciken ba zasu bada izinin sauka a tsibirin ba.

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