Grey squirrels an kawo shi zuwa Ingila a ƙarshen karni na 19 daga Kanada tare da dajin da aka shigo dashi. Ya ɗauki ɗauki ƙasa da shekara ɗari don ba kawai don kiwo a cikin ƙasa ba, har ma don tsananta ƙawancin gida, wanda aka sani da launin shuɗi.
Sai ya zama akwai bambance-bambance na asali tsakanin masu rikice-rikicen gida da na waje: redan wasan jan Turai ya ƙanana, mai sassauci kuma ba mai tsauri a dabi'un kamar Arewacin Amurka ba. A lokaci guda, yawan launin toka a cikin Burtaniya yanzu yawansu yawansu yawansu mutane miliyan, yayin da adadin adadi ya ragu zuwa dubun dubata (a shekara ta 2008, kawai tabar wiwi dubu 30 kawai ya rage a kasar).
Hukumomin Burtaniya sun yi ta kokarin magance matsalar tabarbarewar shekaru da yawa. Don haka, kawai a cikin 2008, a cikin ɗayan larduna a arewacin Ingila, an harbe harbe 15,000 na Arewacin Amurka. Har ma sun fara cin abinci - a wasu wuraren cin abinci a Newcastle ana soyayyen mai, kamar kifi. Sannan gwamnatin Burtaniya ta ware fam miliyan 150 ga lokaci daya kuma a gaba daya don magance matsalar satar tare da taimakon tarkuna na musamman ko kuma harbi. Koyaya, wannan bai taimaka ba.
A cewar masana muhalli, sama da rabin baki baki suna kamuwa da abin da ake kira para-pox virus, wanda ke kashe kariyar ja. Ko da saduwa ta ɗan lokaci-lokaci da masu ɗaukar ƙwayar cuta sun zama m ga masu squirrels - bayan sati biyu kawai suka mutu. Ana buƙatar mutane su sa baki kuma su yi amfani da “matakan sarrafawa,” in ji masanin muhalli Lindsay Mackinley ya nace.
“Ta hanyar matakan sarrafa muna nufin kama ko harbi. Dangane da abin da ya shafi kamawa, yakamata a yi amfani da siffofin launin toka ta hanyar mutuntaka, in ji Mackinley. "Na fahimci cewa da yawa daga cikin ire-iren wadannan ayyukan na iya da alama na rashin hankali ne, amma muna da wata matsala a fili: muna bukatar mu ceci masu tabarbarewa ja da kuma dakatar da" harin "na masu launin toka."
Makinley yana fatan jama'ar karkara za su goyi bayan shirin sake sakewa, wanda zai harba shingayen launin toka kuma don haka zai iya sake maimaituwa.
Duk da haka, Burtaniya bata sami damar kawar da mamayar ba. Burrey squirrels ba kawai yana bunƙasa ba, har ma, a cewar masana kimiyya, kwace miliyoyin fam a shekara. Gaskiyar ita ce kusan rabin tsaba waɗanda manoma na gida da lambu ke ba da tsuntsayen haƙiƙa suna cin tabarbarewar launin toka. Suna kai hari a mazauna kuma suna cin ƙwai. An rubuta laifuffukan nasu a kan kyamarar bidiyo, in ji Guardian.
Fiye da 40% na gidaje a duk cikin Ingila suna ciyar da tsuntsaye kuma a duka sayan kimanin tan dubu 150 na abinci a shekara. Kowace shekara, dan Ingila yana kashe fam miliyan 210 kan wannan. Amma sabbin karatun da aka danganta da rikodin bidiyo sama da ziyarar 33,000 zuwa rakodin abinci sun nuna cewa yawancin abincin suna zuwa ga kuzari, ba tsuntsaye ba.
Don ganowa, masu binciken sun shigar da kyamarar bidiyo ta atomatik a cikin lambunan birni na kusa da Karatu. Don haka suka gano cewa tsuntsayen ba wai kawai ba su kusanci wa masu kiwo ba yayin da murabba'in ke aiki a wurin, har ma suna tsoron ɗaukar abinci daga wurin ko da bayan sun tafi. Gabaɗaya, sunadarai suna da alhakin kusan rabin ziyarar rikodin masu ciyarwa. Suna cin abinci sama da rabin abincin da aka yi nufin tsuntsaye.
Masana kimiyya sunyi ƙoƙarin ɓoye abinci a sel na musamman. Sunyi tsammanin sunadaran basu iya kaiwa ga abincin ba. Amma, da farko, za su iya. Abu na biyu kuma, tsuntsayen kansu ba sa son shiga cikin gidan da za su ci. Wataƙila suna jin ƙarancin kwanciyar hankali lokacin da suke cikin masu ciyar da abinci.
Koyaya, masana basu da niyyar dainawa. Don hana squirrels daga ciyar fari, suna bayar da cika tsaba da kawai tsuntsaye suke so. Bugu da kari, masana muhalli sun yi niyyar gwada masu ciyar da kayan aiki da kayan aikin bazara. Za su yi birgima su ɓoye abinci lokacin da dabba mai nauyi ta hau kan makiyaya.
Robert Middleditch, mai magana da yawun Songbird Survival ya ce: "Sakamakon bincikenmu ya taimaka mana wajen fahimtar munanan lamuran tattalin arziki da muhalli da ke haifar da murabba'i. "Labari mai dadi shine cewa ta hanyar magance wannan matsalar, daga baya zamu iya tabbata cewa abincin ya tafi ga tsuntsayen lambun mu." Amma zai taimaka mana mu adana kudi [a abinci] a cikin wannan aikin. ”
Masu adawa da harbin launin toka a Burtaniya wakilai ne na kungiyar Royal Society for the Rigakafin zalunci ga dabbobi.
“Kashe daya bayan daya wani lamari ne mai kaifi na addini,” in ji mai magana da yawun jama'a Rob Atkinson. - Har zuwa shekarun 70s na karni na karshe, zamu iya samun lasisi don harba jan squirrel - sannan aka dauke su kwaro, kamar yadda yanzu launin toka ne. Lokacin da mutum ya keta alfarmar dabbar, sai ya kai shi ga halaka, sannan ya yi ƙoƙarin tseratar da shi, yana lalata wata - haramun ne da lalata. Haka kuma, wannan bashi yiwuwa ya dawo da daidaito a dabi'a, wanda ke nuna cewa babu ma'ana a cikin aikata wannan. "
Rarraba da wuraren zama
Aka rarraba kusan ko'ina cikin Arewacin Amurka - a Alaska, Kanada, Amurka har zuwa hamada na Arizona da New Mexico a kudu da Georgia a kudu maso gabas. Dabbobi suna zaune a cikin dazuzzuka daban-daban, ciki har da coniferous, deciduous da gandun daji gauraye. Hakanan za'a iya lura da su a yankunan kewayen birni inda akwai manyan bishiyoyi masu girma.
Bayanin
Tsawon jikin sunadarin shine 28-35 cm, tsinin wutsiya shine 9.5-15 cm launin launi da fur ɗin yana da matukar canzawa. A cikin yankuna daban-daban na kewayon su, waɗannan sunadarai na iya samun launi mai canzawa, haka kuma sunadarai suna canza jujinsu na hunturu da bazara. A Jawo yawanci launin ruwan kasa ne ko jan zaitun. A lokacin rani, akwai madaidaiciyar madaidaiciya madaidaiciya a bangarorin da ke raba ciki da baya. Jawo kan ciki fari ne ko kuma kirim. Wutsiya tana da iyakar iyaka. A kusan idanun bakina fur ya fara fari.
Lafiyar Qasa
A cikin daji, squirrels ja suna rayuwa har zuwa shekara bakwai, amma yawancinsu suna mutuwa kafin su rayu har shekara guda. Suna jagorantar rayuwa guda da yau da kullun, suna aiki duk shekara. Mafi yawan aiki a wayewar gari da yamma. Ana sanya layin su a tsoffin katako na katako, ɓarna na itace ko wasu ƙananan kayan wuta. A arewa na kewayon, masu jan bahaushe sukanyi hunturu a cikin rami na karkashin kasa. Sunadarai sau da yawa suna yin ƙaura idan wadatar abinci a yankin zama. Lokacin ƙaura, yawancin lokaci dole ne su ƙetare wuraren ajiye ruwa.
A waɗanne sassa na duniya ne jan squirrel yake zaune?
Wannan karamin dabba ba za a samu ko'ina ba sai babban yankin Arewacin Amurka. A can, wakilan wannan nau'in sun mamaye kusan yankuna duka. Suna zaune a Alaska, a tsakiyar tsakiyar nahiyar, a Kanada har ma a kudancin babban yankin.
Ganya mai launin ja (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus).
Don kwanciyar hankali, squirrels zabi gandun daji. Mafi yawan abin da suke so su zauna a cikin dazuzzukan daji masu hade da hadewa, duk da cewa bishiyoyi masu ƙoshi ma sun dace da su. Yawancin lokaci ana samun waɗannan masu ɓarna kusa da iyakar garin, inda suke ƙoƙarin kiyaye wuraren da suka kunshi dasa bishiyoyi na shekara.
Bayyanar jan kuli da rarrabe abubuwa
Kamar murabba'ai talakawa da muka saba da su, danginsu na kasashen waje suna da matsakaicin matsakaicin girman jiki: daga 28 zuwa 35 santimita. Wannan ba la'akari da wutsiya ba, wanda ke girma a cikin waɗannan ƙwayoyin tsayin daka har zuwa santimita 15.
Red squirrel mazaunin Arewacin Amurka ne.
Amma game da launi na Jawo, takamaiman yanki da wurin zama na yanayin zafi suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a nan. Mafi sau da yawa, fata yana da jan zaitun ko launin ruwan kasa a launi. A lokacin bazara, duhu mai duhu, kusan baƙi, tsiri-tsararrakin da ke jikinsa ya bayyana daga bangarorin ja. Sashin ciki na Jawo yana da inuwa mai haske, mafi yawan lokuta - fari ko cream. Wutsiya tana lafawa da farin iyaka. Don kyakkyawa na musamman, yanayin da aka yi wa ado da farin iyaka da duhun idanun dabbobi. Yana da kyau a lura cewa jakar murfin “gashin gashi” shima tana iya canzawa ya danganta da lokacin shekara.
Lifespan da Red squirrel Rayuwa
Waɗannan wakilan dangin squirrel sun gwammace su jagoranci rayuwar kawai. Mafi yawan aiki da sanyin safiya da yamma. A matsayin gida, tsoffin buɗaɗɗun katako, an rufe abubuwan ɓoye na itace. Zasu iya mamaye gidansu na tsuntsaye, misali misalin katako, misali.
Kamar wata ja squirrels.
Akwai yin ƙaura akai-akai tsakanin jiguna masu launin da aka yi don bincika sababbin wuraren yankuna da abinci.
Dangane da rayuwar wadannan dabbobin, zasu iya kaiwa shekaru 7, bayan haka tsufa ya sanya musu kuma sun mutu. Koyaya, abubuwan lura sun nuna cewa matsakaicin rayuwar rayuwar squirrels ja ... shekara ɗaya ne kawai! Kuma wani lokacin ma kasa. Me ke haifar da irin wannan gajeriyar hanyar rayuwar waɗannan 'yan kananan dabbobin?
Baƙar fata ba keɓaɓɓu ya rayu har zuwa shekara guda.
Wataƙila maƙiyan halitta, watakila rashin ingantaccen abinci, kuma yana yiwuwa babban laifin shine mutum wanda, a cikin neman riba, ya ci gaba da halakar mazaunin dabbobi da yawa, gami da jajayen dabbobi!
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.
Taxonomy
Baƙon jauran baƙi na Baƙin Amurka ba zai rikita shi da squirrels ja Eurasian ba ( Sciurus vulgaris ), tunda dukkan nau'ikan wadannan nau'ikan basu cika faruwa ba, ana kiran su da “squirrels ja” a wuraren da suke asali. Nau'in nau'in halitta hudsonicus yana nufin Hudson Bay, Kanada, inda Erxleben ya fara kerar wannan nau'in a cikin 1771. Bayanin kwanan nan phylogeny yana nuna sunadarai, kamar yadda za'a iya raba iyali zuwa manyan layuka biyar. Jawla Tamiasciurus ) fada cikin taska wanda ya hada da squirrel fleir da wasu squirrels na huhu (misali. Sciurus ) Akwai ƙananan fannoni 25 da aka tabbatar da ingancin ja.
Redarfin furotin jaja na Amurka
Shuwagabannin jan jan na Amurka suna yadu a duk faɗin Arewacin Amurka. Haɗin kansu ya haɗa da yawancin Kanada, in banda yankuna na arewa, ba tare da murfin daji ba, a tsibirin Tekun Atlantika na Kanada (Prince Edward Island, Cape Breton da Newfoundland), a cikin rabin kudancin Alberta da kuma kudu maso yamma a tekun British Columbia, rabin kudu Alaska, Rockies yanki ne na ƙasar Amurka, da kuma rabin arewacin gabashin Amurka. Shuwagabannin jan jan Amurkawa suna da yawa kuma ba damuwa bane don kiyayewa saboda yawancin adadin su. Koyaya, yawan kuɗaɗen ja masu kuzari a Arizona sun samu raguwar masu yawa. A cikin 1987, wannan ɓangaren yawan jama'a an gan shi azaman nau'in haɗari.
Ciyarwa
Shuhunan jan baki na Amurka sune manyan kayan tallafi, amma sun haɗa da wasu abinci a cikin abincin da suka dace. A cikin Yukon, abubuwan lura da ɗabi'a suna nuna farin tsaba Picea GLAUCA ) sama da kashi 50% na abincin jan squirrels, amma kuma an lura da sunadaran suna cin abinci na fure da allura, namomin kaza, Willow ( Salix sp.) Shafuka, poplar ( Populus sp.) fure da catkins, bearberry ( Arkumarwar sp.) furanni da berries, da kayan kayan dabbobi, kamar ƙwai na tsuntsaye ko da dusar ƙanƙara mai dusar ƙanƙara (ƙuruciya). Farar fata ta farin tsiro a cikin ƙarshen Yuli da tattara tarawats a watan Agusta da Satumba. An adana waɗannan raye-rayen cones a cikin ɗakunan ajiya na tsakiya kuma suna samar da makamashi da abubuwan gina jiki don rayuwa yayin hunturu da haifuwar bazara mai zuwa. Arshe Sikeli daga tarin iri da aka cinye zai iya tattarawa a tsibe, da ake kira middens, sama da mil a ƙasan. Fararren baje kolin sun ci abinci ne daga tsawon shekara biyu zuwa shida, inda shekarar yawan samar da kwala (kitse ta shekara) ta bi bayan shekaru da yawa wanda aka samar da yawa. Territoryasarar ƙasa ja ta Amurka na iya ƙunsar ɗaya ko fiye da middens.
Shuwagabannin jan jan na Amurka suna cin ire-iren nau'in naman kaza, gami da wasu masu mutu'a ga mutane.
Haifuwa
American ja squirrels mara lafiyan ovulators. Mace suna shiga estrus kwana ɗaya kawai, amma kamfani tare da yankinta kafin ƙwanƙwasa, kuma waɗannan nau'ikan bincike suna iya ba da tallacen hazo mai zuwa. A ranar estrus, mace tana bin maza da yawa don neman mizanin balaga. Maza suna gasa da juna don ikon yin aure tare da mace mai ɗaukar ciki. Mace nazarar mata daga maza 4 zuwa 16. An ba da rahoton gestation a cikin kewayon kwanaki 31 zuwa 35. Mace na iya farawa na farko tun yana shekara daya, amma wasu matan sun jinkirta kiwo har zuwa shekaru biyu ko fiye. Yawancin mata suna yin zuriyar dabbobi guda ɗaya a shekara, amma bayan fewan shekaru, haihuwa ta tsallake, yayin da a wasu shekarun, wasu mata sukan yi haila sau biyu. Girman zurfin dabbobi yawanci yana daga ɗaya zuwa biyar, amma yawancin litter suna ɗauke da zuriya uku ko huɗu. 'Ya'yan suna da ruwan hoda da tsirara a lokacin haihuwa kuma suna da nauyin nauyin 10. offspringa growan sun girma da kusan 1.8 g a kowace rana yayin ciyarwa, kuma sun kai girman girman jiki na kwanaki 125. Suna fara fitowa daga farautarsu ta asali kusan kwanaki 42, amma suna ci gaba da jinyar har sai kusan kwanaki 70.
Mafi yawanci ana gina ciyawa a cikin rassan bishiyoyi. Hakanan ana fitar da ciyayi daga tsintsiyar mayu - maɓarnataccen ciyayi mai yawa wanda ke faruwa saboda cutar tsutsa - ko kuma rami a cikin kututtukan ƙwayar cuta, da tsiro, da gyada. Baƙar fata baƙar fata a cikin ƙasa ba safai ba ce. Kowace squirrel tana da mazaunin wurare da dama a cikin yankinta, kuma mata masu ƙanana suna motsa su tsakanin kuɗauran. An ba da rahoton wasu halaye a gidajen mutane ta amfani da warewar abinci.
Binciken shekaru uku na alkalumman ja a kudu maso Yukon sun ba da rahoton cewa mata masu launin ja sun nuna matakan maza da yawa da suka dace da juna har ma da maza tare da wata alaƙa. Haɗin mahaifa ba shi da wani tasiri a kan ƙarancin haihuwar jarirai da haɓakar zuriyarsu, kuma hakan bai tasiri rayuwar rayuwar zuriya ɗaya ba.
Watsawa da rayuwa
Matasa masu launin jannama na Amurka dole ne su sami ƙasa da Midden kafin lokacin hunturu na farko don tsira. Zasu iya samun ƙasa ta hanyar yin gasa don yankuna marassa iyaka, ƙirƙirar sabon yanki ko ta hanyar karɓar duka ko wani yanki na mahaifiyarsu. Wannan ɗan ɗanɗano (15% litters) ɗabi'ar mace ana kiranta zaɓin rarraba ko yarjejeniya, kuma nau'in jari ne na jarirai a cikin zuriya. Lencearfin wannan halayyar yana da alaƙa da albarkatun abinci da yawa da shekarun mahaifiyar. A wasu halaye, mace zata sami karin matsakaitan kafin haihuwa, wanda daga nan suka zama zuriyarsu ga zuriyarsu. Zuriyar da ba su karɓi Midden ba daga mahaifiyarsu yawanci za su zauna a tsakanin milimita 150 (3) na ƙasar da aka yi wa dutsen diamita. Abun lura ya nuna cewa jajayen dabbobi suna da dabarun muhalli, madadin dabarun haifuwa wanda ke kara haifar da cututtukan da aka zaba ta hanyar jima'i a cikin shekarun da abinci ya yawaita.
Kasuwancin ja ja na Amurka suna fuskantar mummunan mutuwar fara (a matsakaita, kawai kashi 22% na tsira zuwa shekara guda). Yiwuwar samun rayuwa kuwa, yana ƙaruwa zuwa shekaru uku, lokacin da ya sake komawa baya. Matan da suka rayu a cikin shekara ɗaya suna da tsammanin rayuwa na shekaru 2.3 kuma mafi girman rayuwar sabis na shekaru takwas.
Manyan magabata sun hada da lynx na Kanada ( Lynx canadensis ), lynx ( Lynx rufus ), coyote ( Canis latis ), babban gaggafa Bubo budurwa ), goshawk ( Accipiter gentilis ), jan shaho ( Buteo jamaicensis ), Amurkawa hankaka ( Corvus brachyrynchos ), Marten Amurka ( Shahada American ), jan dawakai ( Vulpes vulpes ), launin toka ( foxes launin toka cinereoargenteus ), ƙyarkeci ( Canza lupus da kuma weasel ( Mustela sp.).
15.11.2018
American squirrel ja (lat. Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) nasa ne a cikin iyalin squirrel (Sciuridae). Sunan ya samo asali ne saboda launin ja-kasa-kasa launin baya da wutsiya. A cikin Kanada, an daɗe ana ɗaukar wannan sandar dabbar da ke ɗauke da gashi, kuma an yi amfani da fur ɗinsa don yin sutura.
Yanzu harbin nasa ana aiwatar da shi ne kawai a yankuna da dama na kasar. Kimanin dabbobi miliyan uku ana harbe su kowace shekara. Halakarsu ana aiwatar da ita ne ta hanyar manoma waɗanda ke ganinsu kamar kwari ne na gona.
Dabbobin a waje suna kama da sinadarin da ake amfani dasu (Sciurus vulgaris) wanda aka saba dasu a Eurasia. Masanin kimiyyar kimiyar dabi'a na kasar Jamus Johann Christian Erksleben ne ya bayyana wannan a shekarar 1771 bisa ga samfurin da aka kama a gabar gabar kogin Hudson.
Halayyar
Dabba yana jagoranci rayuwar rayuwa ta yau da kullun. Kusan koyaushe yana kan tudun bishiyoyi kuma baya sauka zuwa ƙasa ba tare da buƙatar gaggawa ba. A rodent da sauri gudanar a farfajiya na kasar gona da iyo da kyau, na iya iyo iyo shawo kan kananan tafkunan.
Yana da aiki shekara-shekara kuma baya hana hibernate. A lokacin tsananin sanyi da ruwan sama, yana ci gaba da zama a mafakarsa, yana samun gamsuwa da hikimar da zai sanya shi a gaba.
Yawan aiki yana faruwa a safiya da yamma.
Red squirrel yawanci yakan zama a cikin zurfin itatuwa, mafi yawan lokuta a cikin watsi da mazaunan katako na itace (Picidae). Tana cikin nutsuwa ta bar yankin gidanta kawai sai da karancin abinci. Samun ɗan tsofaffi ya ƙunshi yanki mai girman hekta 2.
Kwayoyin cuta da yawa sukan zauna a cikin saurin dabbobi, saboda haka ana tilasta masu mallakar wutsiyoyi marasa ƙarfi don ɗaukar wanka masu yashi sau da yawa a rana. Don cire kwari masu saurin fushi, galibi suna hawa a cikin lokacin ciyawar. Gabaɗaya, nau'ikan jinsin fleas da ticks sama da 60 sun rinjaye su.
Shuwagabannin Amurka suna hawa sosai tare da rassan kuma sauƙin tsallake 3-4 a cikin mintina na haɗari, suna haifar da kukan gargadi mai mahimmanci na tweets.
Babban maƙiyansu na halitta sune minks na gabashin (Neovison vison), martens (Martes americana), Canadian lynxes (Lynx canadensis), goshawks (Accipiter gentilis), buzzards mai launin ja (Buteo jamaicensis) da ƙwayoyin gaggafa masu cin gashin kansa (Bubo virginiatus).
Abinci mai gina jiki
Wakilai na wannan nau'in suna da iko koyaushe, amma suna ba da fifiko ga abincin asalin shuka. Suna da matukar son berries, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, namomin kaza, cones, kwayoyi, harbe da matasa da tsirrai daban-daban.
Brisk rodents cikin hikima hallaka tsuntsayen nests, cin qwai da hatched kajin, sake samu kansu da kananan dabbobi masu rarrafe, mice, arthropods da kwari. Sukan ci nau'ikan namomin kaza da yawa, gami da mutu'a ga mutane.
Abincin ya dogara sosai akan lokaci na shekara.
A cikin bazara, kowane jan kujeru ya tashi sama domin hunturu. Kamar yadda ake amfani da ɗakunan ajiya, wuraren ɓoye fanko, ɓarna a cikin haushi da manyan bishiyoyi da ƙasussukan ƙasa da ake amfani da su. Wasu daga cikinsu suna cika kayan yau da kullun saboda shekaru.
Kiwo
Balagagge yakan faru ne a lokacin da ya kai watanni 9-12. Lokacin mating yana farawa a farkon bazara kuma, ya danganta da yanayin yanayin yanayi, yana daga ƙarshen Fabrairu zuwa farkon watan Agusta. A arewacin iyaka, squirrels sun daina bugawa a watan Yuni. A kudu, sun sami damar kawo zuriya sau biyu a cikin kakar guda.
Tsarin aure yana kunshe da bin mace ta namiji. Wani lokaci har zuwa masu neman dozin guda biyu suna gudana bayan kyawun ɗaya a lokaci guda.
Ma'auratan da aka kafa suna zaune na ɗan wani lokaci tare. Bayan ma'aurata, masu haɗin sun rasa duk sha'awar juna da sashi.
Ciki yakan kai kwanaki 37-40. Kafin ta haihu, mace ta gina gida a cikin wani rami ko cikin tsari, ta rufe shi da ciyawa ko busassun ciyawa. Akwai san sanduna 4-6 a cikin zuriyar dabbobi. Shuwagabannin da aka haife su tsirara ne, makafi, kurma kuma suna da nauyin nauyin g 10-15. An rufe su da ulu a ƙarshen sati na biyu, kuma bayan wata guda idanunsu a buɗe.
Ribar Belchata kowace rana cikin nauyi har zuwa 2 g.
Toddlers na farko barin gida a watanni biyu da haihuwa. A mako na bakwai, suka fara gwada abinci mai ƙarfi, kuma bayan wani rabin wata sai su daina shayar da madara. 'Ya'yan rabin shekaru ja masu launin shuɗi sun zama masu' yanci gabaɗaya kuma suna nemo shafin yanar gizon nasu.
Yada a cikin yanayi
Wannan nau'in ya yadu ko'ina cikin kusan duk yankin Arewacin Amurka. Mafi sau da yawa, ana iya samun squirrels ja a Kanada, Amurka, ciki har da a kudancin Alaska. Ungiyoyin da aka fi so sune yankuna na coniferous, deciduous da kuma gauraye, galibi dabbobi suna zama a cikin yankunan karkara na daji. Yawan ja squirrels ya yi yawa sosai.
Rayuwa
Red squirrels dabbobi ne masu yawan damuwa wanda ke haifar da yanayin rayuwa. Ba sa suturtawa kuma suna aiki shekara-shekara. Sunadaran sunadarai suna aiki sosai a sanyin safiya da yamma. A mafi yawancin lokuta ana shirya shugunansu a cikin shinge na katako, a cikin wuraren hutu masu kyau a cikin kututturen bishiyoyi ko a tsakanin kabilu da rassa, a cikin ciyawa tare da ciyawa.
A cikin hunturu, squirrels da ke zaune a arewacin Kanada galibi suna ɓoye a cikin dogon layin ƙasa, suna gudu daga sanyi.
'Yansandan ruwan' yan Redse na Amurka masu iyo ne masu kyau kuma, idan ya cancanta, suna iya iyo a duk faɗin ruwa.
Rayuwar rayuwar squirrels ja zata iya kai shekaru 7-8. Amma kalilan ne kawai ke tsira zuwa wannan zamani (a cewar masana kimiyya, kashi 22% na jauron kwari ne kawai suke rayuwa sama da shekara guda), yayin da yawancin kuɓutattun dabbobin ke mutuwa kafin su kai shekara guda.
Mutane da yawa dabbobi da tsuntsaye iri-iri suna kan fararen ja. Babban makiya na yau da kullun sune Kanada lynx, Marten na Amurka, fox mai launin toka, da fox ja, da wolf, da weasel, da goshawk, da babban mujiya, da jan baki, da baƙon amurka, da sauran su.
Siffofin Karfi
Babban abincin abinci mai launin ja squirrel ya ƙunshi tsaba na spruce cones. A lokacin rani da damina, dabbobi suna tara kayan kwalliya a kayan kwalliyar su. Godiya ga wannan ajiyar, sunadarai suna karɓar cikakken adadin abubuwan gina jiki a duk lokacin hunturu da bazara. Kari akan haka, sunadarai suna yalwata abincinsu da bishiyar bishiyoyi, furanni, berries, qwai tsuntsu da namomin kaza. Suna cin ire-iren namomin kaza, gami da wadanda suke da mutu'a ga mutane. Mitar da aka samo ana yawan sanya su a cikin dabbobin bishiyoyi, ko kuma a sanyaya su a jikin rassan, kuma a jira har sai namomin kaza su bushe, sannan a ci su.
Masana ilimin halitta sunyi magana game da sifofin rayuwar mutanen Arewacin Amurka masu launin ja.
Masu binciken sun gano cewa idan furotin ya gaji yanki daga hannun namiji, to za a samar masa da abinci na dogon lokaci.
A cewar masana kimiyya daga Jami'ar Gelf, matashin kumburin, wanda ya yi sa'a ya kama yankin babban saurayi, ya yi kama da saurayi wanda ya sami babbar gado.
Masu binciken sun gano cewa 'yan dabaran maza suna adana abinci sama da na mata, kuma idan karamin yaro ya bar gida kuma ya sami wurin ajiya wanda a baya ya kasance na maza ne, to zai ninka adadin yawansu da kashi 50.
A cewar farfesa masanin ilimin halitta Andrew Macadam, daidai yake da gano taska a bangon gida. Mutumin da ya gabata na wurin zai iya yin tasiri sosai kan duk wadataccen arziki, aƙalla a cikin duniyar squirrel.
A yau, ƙungiyar masana kimiyya daga kasashe da yawa suna aiki akan juyin halittar jannama. Sukan lura da halayen ɗaruruwan ɗakunan sunadarai iri daban-daban.
Don wannan binciken, masana sun auna samar da abinci da sakamakon ƙuruciya na yara masu siran da suka kama mallakar mallakar maza da suka ɓace a baya.
A cewar masana kimiyya, squirrels suna tattara spruce cones a cikin bazara kuma adana su a cikin ƙasa don hunturu. Dukiyar da kanta na iya ɗauke da filaye sama da 20,000, kuma suna iya kasancewa za a iya ci har shekaru da yawa.
Makaryaci galibi suna ɗaukar yankuna na wasu dabbobin bayan sun mutu, kuma, idan suka kama yankin wasu dabbobin, sai su gaji abincinsu.
Masu binciken sun gano cewa idan dame ya gaji gonar sa daga hannun maza maimakon mace, to yana da matsakaitan adadin tan guda 1300. Wannan abincin da aka adana zai kiyaye asirin har tsawon kwanaki 17.
Binciken ya kuma nuna cewa sunadarai a cikin Firayim na rayuwa, daga shekaru uku zuwa hudu, suna da kwari da yawa fiye da matasa da kuma manyan dabbobin.
Idan macen mata ta yi sa'a har ta mallaki yankin wani kuma ta tanada, za ta sami abinci da yawa, wanda zai ba ta damar kiwo. Wannan yana nuna cewa zuriyarta za su bar gida da wuri kuma rayuwarsu za ta ƙaru. A hakikanin gaskiya, wannan zai inganta kyautar halittar wannan furotin ga tsara mai zuwa.
A cewar masana kimiyyar, wadannan abubuwan lura sun nuna yadda halayyar furotin guda daya zata iya shafar gudummawar kwayoyin halitta ga alfarmar wani sunadari wanda basu taba haduwa ba kuma yana kara sanya damar rayuwa.