Bayyanar mutum da hali. Bishiyoyi masu ɗamara sune ƙananan tsuntsayenmu. Ainihin sa a cikin rawanin bishiyoyi da tsayi bishiyoyi, duk da haka, kuma a lokacin lokacin kiwo, kuma a cikin lokacin kiwo ba za'a iya samu a cikin ƙananan ciyawa da ciyawa masu tsayi ba. Gefen gida mafi yawa ana located a cikin ƙasa, lokaci-lokaci - ba high sama da ƙasa, a cikin m m rawanin, musamman conifers. An bambanta su da kusan kullun babban aiki na motsi tare da abubuwan da suka fi ƙanƙanta na ciyayi: ko dai sun yi tsalle sama da rassan na bakin ciki, ko overhaul daga wannan reshe zuwa wani, ko kuma a karo na biyu suna rataye a cikin iska kusa da ganye saboda aikin aiki na fikafikan.

Matsayin jikin mutum yawanci ne a kwance, jinsuna daban-daban zuwa digiri daban-daban suna jujjuya lokaci-lokaci tare da bayan baya na jikin - wutsiya da fuka-fukafukai masu fadi. Dogara mai aminci, suna iya rufe mai kallo. Sautunan launin rawaya da rawaya suna kusan kasancewa koyaushe a cikin launuka (kodayake kusan dukkan nau'ikan halittu suna da ƙarfinsu na iya bambanta daban-daban), babu mottles, bambance-bambancen launuka da rarrabuwa tsakanin nau'ikan yawanci ƙananan ne, amma sun bambanta sosai a cikin waƙar maza. Vesnichka, kamar sauran scallops, karami ne fiye da gizo-gizo, ana iya ɗaukar shi ƙanana tsakanin ƙyallen, tsuntsu ne mai alheri, ɗan gajeren gajere mai gajeren wando tare da gajere, madaidaiciya, bakin ciki kuma ba muddin reeds ba, amma ba kamar gajeran tsintsaye ba, kafafu . Tsayin Jiki 11-13 cm, fuka-fuki 18-24 cm, nauyi 6-1 g.

Bayanin. Saman shine ruwan zaitun mai launin kore, wutsiyar tayi kadan, kuma fikafikai da wutsiya sunyi duhu sosai. Fuka fikafikan suna da tsayi tsawon lokaci; idan aka zare su, sai suka rufe kusan rabin wutsiya. Babu wani madaidaicin zagaye mai haske a jikin reshe, amma hasken gefukan gashin fuka-fukan a jikin fuka-fukin nada sa canza launi, tare da nuna alamar samun “allon”. Bottomarshe ya yi laushi, tare da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi a makogwaro, kirji da tarukan kai, har zuwa ƙasa ƙima a ciki. A girare mai launin shuɗi a bayyane yake a saman ido, ɗaure a ƙasa ta wani yanki mai duhu na bakin ciki wanda yake wucewa cikin ido. Kunci yana da launin toka-mai launin shuɗi, ɗan ƙaramin abu ana iya ganinsa a ido. Bakan gizo duhu launin ruwan kasa. Gashinsa mai launin shuɗi-mai-launin toka-mai-ƙarfi, ba ya ba da alama mai duhu, gefuna da tushe da ke ƙasa suna da launin shuɗi ko ruwan hoda. Kafafu suna beige haske, galibi suna kama da haske, amma sabanin haka haske yana iya bayyana duhu.

A cikin kananan tsuntsaye, molting a cikin sabon gashin tsuntsu kaka, launin rawaya akan kai da kirji yana da haske kuma ya mamaye yanki mafi girma fiye da na manya, galibi kasan jikinsa kusan rawaya ne. A cikin mutane daban-daban (wata 1 na rayuwa), daskararre ya sako-sako, saman shine mai launin toka-zaitun, kasan yana da fari, rawaya yana bayyane ne kawai a kan bangarorin kai kuma zuwa ƙarancin ƙarancin kirji, kusurwoyin baki bayan barin gida ya zama launin rawaya na ɗan lokaci. Tsakanin mayaƙanmu, yakan yi kama da mayafin inuwa da ƙaho, wanda, kamar dutse ke tashi, ba shi da raunin haske a reshe.

Daga tsintsiya, ana rarrabe furen biranen fikafikai fizik, fizik mai haske mai haske mai haske kamar yadda yake a kirji da kuma karancin rudanin da yake rufe kasa da rabin wutsiya daga kasa. Ya bambanta daga inuwa ta haske kafafu, mafi tsayi da kaifi mai fiɗa - tsawon gashin tsuntsaye daidai yake da nisan daga nesa daga saman su zuwa saman reshe (inuwa ta gashinsa sun fi guntu sosai), yanayin saɓanin kwalliya kusa da ido (musamman, walƙiya a kan kunci a ƙarƙashin ido), ya fi tsayi Fuskar ido, launin fatar baki (gaba daya ya fi na inuwa kyau), haka nan kuma babu launuka masu launin fari a saman launi da kuma bangarorin jiki. Gabaɗaya, yana da kamala, mai haske fiye da inuwa kuma a kan asalin ɗanɗano ya fi dacewa ya ɓace fiye da yadda yake. Ya bambanta da sauran warblers a yankin namu saboda cewa ba shi da raunin haske a reshe. Ya banbanta da sauran sauran dunƙulen waƙa.

Wata murya. Maza yawanci suna raira waƙa a kambi, suna musaya tare da farauta. Waƙar maƙoƙi ce mai ɗan ƙara murya mai tsawan mintuna 3, da farko tana kuwwa sannan ta faɗi, sautin siginar ya fara tashi daga baya ya faɗi, yana kama da waƙar finch, amma ba tare da bugun jini a ƙarshen ba. Mutane daban-daban bambance-bambance suna da girma sosai. Maza sun riga sun raira waƙa yayin jirgin, ba su mamaye wuraren yankuna ba. Kururuwa na kararrawa - babban wasar "foo"Ko"tiuvit”Tare da nuna girmamawa kan sirinji na farko da haɓaka sautin zuwa ƙarshen siginar, ana buƙatar wasu horo don rarrabe ta daga kiran inuwa, haka kuma daga kiran talakawa.

Rarraba, matsayi. Wani nau'in halitta gama gari a tsakiya da arewacin Turai, har ma a Siberiya, zuwa Yenisei Valley, arewacin Yakutia da Chukotka. Abinda aka saba, a wurare da yawa, yawancin jinsin ƙaura na yankin rabin yankin yana kulawa. Ya isa da wuri, a watan Afrilu ko Mayu, za a tashi a cikin Satumba ko kuma farkon Oktoba.

Rayuwa. Yana faruwa a cikin da yawa kewayon-irin biotopes - daga sparse tsaye tare da sharewa da sharewa zuwa tundra tare da shukoki, tashi a cikin foothills, shi ne na kowa ko yawa a cikin gandun daji, copses, a cikin m deciduous gandun daji, a cikin willows, lambuna da wuraren shakatawa. Gida wani gida ne na ciyawar ciyawar da aka yi da busassun ciyawa tare da rufin saman akwati da entrancean ƙofar gefensa, gashin fuka-fukai a koyaushe suna cikin tela. Suna sanya shi a ƙasa a cikin ciyawar a gindin daji ko karo, da wuya akan daji ba shi da ƙasa sosai. Mace ta gina gida. A cikin abin kama akwai launuka 3 zuwa 8, fari tare da ƙaramin launuka masu launin ja ko launin ruwan hoda. Mace na sanya abin har tsawon kwanaki 12-15, dukkan abokan tarayya suna ciyar da kajin tsawon kwanaki 13-17. Kajin sabon jarirai suna da hasken wuta a bayansu da kawunansu. Akwai lokuta idan namiji ya jawo hankalin mace biyu.

Yana ciyarwa a kan ƙananan kwari, waɗanda suke tattarawa daga saman ɓangarorin biyu na ganye da ganye a cikin rawanin bishiyoyi da ciyayi, wani lokacin a cikin ciyawa. A cikin rabi na biyu na bazara da farkon kaka ana yawan samun sa cikin garken da aka cakuda da titmouse da sauran ƙananan tsuntsayen kwari.

Wand BabyPhylloscopus trochilus)

Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da warblers

• Jimlar wakilan wannan nau'in a Turai sun fi miliyan 40,
• Tare da kyakkyawar kulawa, kaya masu nauyi zasu iya rayuwa cikin fursuna har zuwa shekaru 12,
• Maza sune farkon waɗanda zasu dawo daga ƙasashe masu ɗumi - suna ɗaukar sarari don mazauni kuma galibi suna yin faɗa a tsakani don mafi kyawun rukunin yanar gizo,
• A lokacin farauta, namiji yakan rera waƙoƙi tun safe har zuwa maraice, yana zaune a kan itacen da aka zaɓa. Waƙar tana da santsi, tare da jin daɗin kuzari da turanci.

An kalli wannan shafin sau 46092

Bayanin

Blearfin warbler ya kai tsawon 11 zuwa 13 cm, fuka-fukan ya kasance daga 17 zuwa 22. Amfanin warbler shine 8 zuwa 11. gami da waje, yana da wuya a rarrabe shi daga tenochka, amma mawaƙa sun sha bamban sosai. Babban furen mayafin yana fentin launin shuɗi ko ruwan zaitun, sideashinsa na gefen fari ne mai launin shuɗi. Wannan karamin tsuntsu yana da rawaya mai launin rawaya, kirji da ratsa idanu. Maza da mata sunyi kama da juna.

Rarraba

Ana samun warbler kusan ko'ina cikin Turai daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba. Tana yin nasara a Yankin Saharan Afrika. Lokaci da jagorar jirgin suna cikin kwayoyin halittun ta. Abubuwan da aka fi so sune na warblers sune wurare masu lalacewa da kuma cakuda gandun daji, wuraren shakatawa, ciyayi, ciyayi, lambuna da lambuna.

Lafiyar Qasa

Yankin dutsen dutse yana mamaye yankin da sauran nau'ikan wasu nau'ikan warblers guda biyu - tenovki da beraye. Vesnichka sananne ya bambanta da nau'ikan halittun biyu na ƙarshe saboda yana guje wa daidaitawa a cikin zurfin gandun daji kuma yana kiyaye akasarin gefuna, sharewa da sauran wuraren buɗewa. Mafi sau da yawa, ana samun ciyawar bazara a cikin gandun daji, amma ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin gandun daji da mara kwari. Yana kan dukkan wuraren rawanin bishiyoyi, tsakanin rassa masu girma da ganye, fifita rawanin ba tare da nuna girman rassan da ganyayyaki ba. Tunda an ƙirƙiri microstations na halaye a cikin nau'ikan gandun daji, scum na iya rayuwa halittu iri iri.

Abinci mai gina jiki

Abincin ƙamshin na yau da kullun yana iya bambanta dangane da kakar, biotope da yanki. Dangane da haka, ya bambanta daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, daga shekara zuwa shekara kuma ya bambanta a bangarori daban-daban. Tsuntsayen sauƙin wucewa daga nau'in abinci zuwa wani, gwargwadon yawan su da wadatar su. Cin abinci, wanda yake iri ɗaya ne a cikin nau'ikan ukun (tsuntsayen kwari, inuwa, da ƙamshi), scallops yana nuna zaɓar gwargwadon girman kayan abinci: ƙamshi yana samarwa mafi girma, ƙwararrun matsakaici, da inuwa na ƙananan invertebrates. Bambance-bambance a cikin girman kayan abinci suna faruwa ne saboda yanayin halayen abinci na tsuntsaye da tsarin microstations: ragowa suna amfani da hanyoyin da suka fi tsada na samun abinci (tashin jirgi mai tsalle, tsalle da tashi sama da nisan nesa) kuma suna cin lokaci mai yawa don neman wanda aka cutar. Don haka, tana neman farautar ganima fiye da inuwa da kuma tawe, wacce ke amfani da ƙarancin dabarun farauta mai ƙarfi - tsalle a kan rassa da kuma sake kamawa. Bugu da kari, dutse mai tashi da inuwa, wanda ke zama a tsakanin ciyayi mai dumbin yawa, ba zai iya zabi manyan wadanda abin ya shafa ba saboda karancin gani kuma ana tursasa su dauki duk abincin da suka same su a hanya.

Kiwo

Balagagge a cikin wannan nau'in ya faru ne lokacin da yake shekara ɗaya. Babban lokacin canjin yana isa daga Mayu zuwa Yuli. Gida, wanda aka gina gansakuka da ciyawa da kuma mai kama da rufin rufi, an ɓoye shi cikin ƙaƙƙarfan itace ko ciyawa. Matar ta sanya ƙwai huɗu zuwa bakwai a lokaci guda kuma a kan haɗa su har tsawon mako biyu. Yara kajin bayan haihuwa sun kasance a cikin gida har zuwa makonni biyu. A cewar masana daga Cibiyar Ornithological na Switzerland (Cibiyar Ornithological na Switzerland), wanda aka buga a cikin 2009 a cikin mujallar Oikos, warblers sune farkon a cikin tsuntsayen masu ƙaura tsakanin Turai da Afirka: a kowace shekara kimanin mutane miliyan 300 ke tashi daga wannan yanki zuwa duniya. wani kuma baya. Shekarun wannan tsuntsu zai iya kaiwa shekaru 12.

Biyan kuɗi

Akwai abubuwa guda uku waɗanda suka bambanta sautunan launi da masu girma dabam:

• Ph. t. trochilus Linnaeus, 1758 - Yammacin Turai daga iyakar nau'in nau'in gabas zuwa Kudancin Sweden, Poland da Carpathians, kudu zuwa tsakiyar Faransa, Italiya, Yugoslavia da arewacin Romania da yankuna daban-daban a kan tsibirin Apennine, tsibirin Sicily kuma, mai yiwuwa, a cikin Pyrenees,
• P. t. acredula Linnaeus, 1758 - daga Fennoscandia zuwa iyakar Kudancin Carpathians, gabas zuwa Yenisei,
• Ph. t. yakutensis Ticehurst, 1938 - daga Yenisei zuwa Anadyr.

Habitat

Gidajen wannan tsuntsun suna kusan a ko'ina cikin Turai.

Wadlet (Phylloscopus trochilus).

A cikin Asiya, flyweed ya zama ruwan dare a arewacin, har zuwa Kogin Anadyr, ban da na kudancin Yakutia da Far East. Don yanayin hunturu na kwari zuwa yankin kudanci na Afirka.

Rayuwa & Abinci

Thewararren ƙwarjin yana zaune a cikin gandun daji, kodayake ana samunsa a cikin coppice da groves. Wasu lokuta ana iya samunsa koda a wuraren shakatawa da kuma murabba'ai. Ofaya daga cikin wuraren da aka fi so a maɓuɓɓugan ruwa sune kwarin koguna tare da Birch da kuma musayar kananan bishiyoyi.

Blean wasan warbler suna da son kai sosai.

Daya daga cikin manyan fa'idodin wannan tsuntsuwar ita ce kyawawan wakarsa mai jituwa. Maza suna da kisa na nau'ikan waƙoƙi 7 zuwa 20 daban-daban. Waɗannan waƙoƙin suna da tsayayyen tsari da jerin sauti. An kafa su tun suna da farkon wannan tsuntsu kuma daga baya ya sake haifarwa ta da cikakkiyar inganci. Yawancin bambance-bambancen karatu da haɗin waɗannan waƙoƙi suna haɗuwa cikin kyawawan abubuwan sarrafawa.

Saurari muryar mayaƙan

Abincin wannan tsuntsu ya haɗa da kwari da larvae, katantanwa, gizo-gizo. Ciyawar bazara har ila yau tana ciyar da abinci irin na 'ya'yan itace da berriesan itace.

Chickan kurciya ta kama kwari.