Asusun Namun Duniya, saboda yawan jama'a, ya fassara su zuwa rukuni na “masu rauni”
Moscow Satumba 5th. INTERFAX.RU - Asusun Kula da Yanayi na Duniya (WWF) ya canza matsayin babban pandas daga "haɗarin" zuwa nau'in "mai haɗari". An bayyana wannan a cikin sakon kungiyar.
Canje-canje ga littafin Red na nau'ikan da ke cikin haɗari an yi shi bayan an sami ƙaruwa sosai a yawan mutanen wannan nau'in dabbobi. Don haka, a cikin 2014, an ƙididdige mutane 1864, yayin da a cikin 2004 adadin dabbobi sun kasance mutum 1596.
A shekarar 1990 aka sanya matsayin "hadarin da ke cikin hadarin" hadaddiyar pandas, wanda yake rayuwa a kasar Sin kawai. Babban panda alama ce ta WWF. Wanda ya kirkiro tambarin kungiyar, masanin halitta kuma mai zane Peter Scott a 1961. Shekaru 20 bayan haka, WWF ta zama kungiya ta farko ta kasa da kasa da ta sami izinin aiki a China.
Halin da pandas ya koma daidai, saboda yawan shekarun aikin da aka yi, an lura da shi a cikin ƙungiyar tsaro.
A China, sun koma ga matakan da suka biyo baya: a 1981 sun haramta sayar da fatalwar dabbobi, kuma a 1988, an hana farauta, a shekarar 1992 sun kirkiro wani tsari na ajiyar abubuwa - yanzu adadinsu ya riga ya zama kashi 67 kuma kashi 67% na duk pandas suna zaune a cikin duk yankin duniya. Yanzu, hukumomin kasar Sin ba kawai ke daukar matakan kiyaye dabbobi ba, har ma da masu ba da shawarar dabbobi a duk duniya.
A cikin daji, mutane 1864 suna rayuwa a halin yanzu. Ragowar pandas ba su dace da rayuwa ba a cikin yanayin halitta kuma suna cikin yanayin greenhouse.
Wata kasida ta Asusun Kula da Yanayi ta Duniya ta ce babban panda, godiya ga kokarin mutane, ya daina zama nau'in halittar dake cikin hadari. Koyaya, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan haɗarin da wasu nau'in dabbobi masu ƙarancin gaske ya karu.
A kan shafin yanar gizon hukuma na Asusun Tallafi na Duniya (WWF)
An ba da rahoton cewa Unionungiyar Internationalasashen Duniya don Kula da Yanayi ta hukuma ta canza matsayin babban pandas a cikin littafin Red, yana rage shi daga "haɗari" zuwa "m".
Luo Jie PiMr., Babban Daraktan WWF a China: "Rage matakin hadarin ga wannan nau'in yana magana ne game da kokarin da suka yi na shekarun da suka gabata a karkashin jagorancin gwamnatin PRC kuma ya nuna cewa, ana saka jari kan kiyaye wannan muhimmin nau'in dabbobi kamar manyan pandas."
Abin lura ne cewa babban panda alama ce ta WWF, kuma daga shekarun da aka nuna hoton ana sanya shi a tambarin wannan kungiyar.
Marco Lambertini, Babban Daraktan WWF: "Ya kamata a lura da wannan nasarar, amma pandas har yanzu wasu nau'ikan yara ne da ba kasada ba, kuma mazauninsu na cikin haɗari daga abubuwan da ba a tsara su sosai ba. Kar ka manta mutane 1,864 ne kawai ke rayuwa a cikin daji. ”
1. Pandas suna cin abincin da bai dace ba.
Panda na cin abinci kusan kashi tamanin (99%). A wuraren kiwon dabbobi, suna cin abinci mafi yawa, amma kuma sun yarda da tsarin sukari, garin shinkafa, kayan masarufi na musamman da aka tanada domin su, daga karas, apples and dankali mai zaki.
Matsalar ita ce ba su dace da jiki su ci bamboo ba. Jikinsu ba su dace da su don narkewar cellulose ba saboda haka dole ne su ci bamboo mai yawa (9-20 kg a kowace rana). Saboda wannan abincin "ba daidai ba", pandas a cikin daji kawai basu da isasshen furotin da makamashi don motsawa, kuma musamman don ma'aurata.
Tsarin narkewa na pandas an tsara shi ne don narke nama, ana rarrabasu azaman guna. Suna da hakora masu ƙarfi, kamar kowane bera, kuma idan sun ƙare a cikin bamboo, suna iya cin nama da kifi. Koyaya, suna cin bamboo kawai.
Saboda rashin kuzari da rashin abinci mai gina jiki, pandas sun zama dabbobi marasa azanci. Sun fi yawancin lokacin su zaune ko kwance a wuri guda. Ragowar lokacin suna cin abinci. Kuma shit sau 40 a rana!
2. Pandas basu da sha'awar haihuwa.
Ba kamar sauran abubuwan rayuwa ba a duniya, pandas ba su da sha'awar kiwo. A zahiri, ba su da sha'awar mutane har an tilasta musu yin amfani da dabarun lalata kwakwalwa. Sun sanya kamar wata pandas a cikin wani keji kuma suna nuna musu bidiyo inda sauran abokan pandas suke.
Lokacin balaga, namiji ya kamata ya kusanci mace kuma ya yi wasu sautikan. In ba haka ba, mace za ta fahimci hanyarsa a matsayin hari. A cikin bauta, maza basa gwada wahalar kusantar mace, kuma musamman ma basa kokarin haifarwa da wannan sautin.
Pandas na mata sukanyi sau ɗaya a shekara - a cikin bazara - daga kwanaki 2 zuwa 3. Idan a wannan lokacin ba sa jan hankalin maza, za su lalatar da lokacin. Don zuga maza kada su rasa wannan damar na ɗan gajeren lokaci, mutane har ma sun ba da pandas da Viagra.
3. Pandas mugayen iyaye ne
Mace na iya haihuwar cuba twoa biyu, a matsayinka na mai mulki, mutum ɗaya ne ya tsira saboda uwa zata iya kula da ɗa guda kawai. Cubaya na biyu za a yi watsi da kawai.
Yankunan suna tare da mahaifiyarsu har zuwa shekaru uku, wanda ke nufin cewa mace ɗaya, mafi kyau, tana iya samun ɗa guda ɗaya kowace shekara uku. Sakamakon farauta ba bisa ka'ida ba, asara mazauninsu da sauran abubuwan da suka haddasa mutuwa, yawan yawan pandas ba zai iya murmurewa ba.
Akwai lokuta da yawa idan pandas kansu suke kashe sa theiran su. Pandas suna daya daga cikin mafi munin uwaye a masarautar dabbobi.
Idan kuna son labarin, babban yatsa kuma ku yi biyan kuɗi!
Me yasa panda wani nau'in haɗari?
Don samun cikakkiyar fahimta game da asalin batun, da farko, ya kamata a fahimta cewa jinsin da yawan jama'arta ke ƙasa da mahimmanci kuma ana ci gaba da raguwa ana ganin yana cikin haɗari. Wani muhimmin nuance shine pandas sunaye ne na dabbobi daban daban wadanda ke da alaƙa da juna. Muna magana ne game da babban panda, wanda kuma ake kira da bamboo bear, da ƙananan panda.
Abin takaici, haɗuwa da pandas da yawa a cikin daji kusan ba zai yiwu ba.
Idan tsoffin sanannu ne saboda kamanninsu da bera da halayyar baƙar fata da fararen launi, latterarshen ba su da mashahuri kuma suna kama da dutsen ja. Don haka, magana game da pandas, ya kamata a fayyace wane irin magana ake magana a kai.
Halin canza launi na babban pandas yana sa su zama ɗaya daga cikin dabbobi da ake iya sanin su.
Abin baƙin ciki, halin da ake ciki na duka pandas ba a iya ɗaukar hoto ba. Yawan waɗannan dabbobin suna ƙanana kaɗan, kuma adadin panda yana ci gaba da raguwa akai-akai.Game da beke, kwanannan yanayin su ya inganta da kadan, wanda ya ba mu damar fitar da babban panda daga jerin nau'in halittar da ke cikin haɗari.
Halin da ake ciki na pandas yana da adalci cewa yana da adalci a kame shugaban.
Me yasa manyan pandas basa zama nau'in haɗari?
Lowarancin yawan yawan pandas sun ci gaba fiye da shekara dubu. Kodayake babu bayanai game da yawan dabbobi da suke zaune a China cikin tsufa (tuna cewa babban panda yana da matukar muhimmanci a kasar Sin), tarihin daulolin ya ce an dauke su a matsayin mafi karanci a lokacin. A kowane hali, a cikin karni na VI-VII, an ambaci waɗannan dabbobin a matsayin kyauta mai mahimmanci na diflomasiya, wanda ya kasance har zuwa tsakiyar karni na 20.
Dabba bamboo a zamanin da hakika kyauta ce ta sarauta.
A cikin shekarun 80s na karni na baya, manyan pandas, kasancewa alama ce ta kasar Sin, sun yi kadan har gwamnatin wannan kasar ta dauki matakan da ba a taba gani ba don kubutar da su. Musamman, an kirkiro cibiyoyi na musamman don nazarin da kiwo na pandas, daga cikin shahararrun shahararrun shine wurin ajiyar dabbobi da wuraren kiwon dabbobi a Chengdu. A lokaci guda, an bullo da dokar hana farauta da tarko daga cikin wadannan dabbobin, abin da zai zama hukuncin kisa. An kuma yanke hukuncin siyar da fatun babban murda da sauran sassan jikinta. A gefe guda, gwamnati ta kashe makudan kudade don kiyaye mazaunin manyan abubuwan pandas.
Yayi matukar kokari wajen dakatar da lalata manyan abubuwan pandas.
Duk waɗannan matakan suna da tasirin gaske, kuma bayan ƙididdigewar manyan abubuwan pandas da aka gudanar a shekara ta 2016, an gano cewa yawan jama'a ya ƙaru sosai. Wannan nasarar ta sami damar canza matsayin bera a cikin Littafin Red daga wani nau'in da ke cikin hadari zuwa mai rauni. Dangane da likitocin dabbobi masu hangen nesa, karin aiki a wannan hanyar zai kara adadin wadannan dabbobin da wani kashi 30% cikin shekaru biyu zuwa uku masu zuwa.
Haɓaka yawan manyan pandas lamari ne da ke alfahari da duk ƙasar Sin.
Parancin Pandas - Abubuwan da ke Damun Mutane
Abin takaici, ƙananan pandas sun fi muni fiye da manyan. Wannan shi ne wani bangare saboda gaskiyar cewa yawancin waɗannan dabbobi suna zaune a wajen China - a cikin ƙasashen da ba su da fifiko a kan dabbobi. Sakamakon haka, mazaunan ƙananan pandas suna lalata da karfi, kuma ana ci gaba da farautar dabbobin da kansu.
Yana yiwuwa ƙananan pandas zasu shuɗe daga fuskar duniya har ƙarshen ƙarni.
Amma ko da inda aka haramta, azabtar da farautar namun daji ya iya zama mai ban tsoro don tsoratar da waɗanda ke son yin kuɗi akan wannan dabbar mai mahimmanci. Jawowar karamar panda ana yaba shi da kyau saboda kyawunsa da kyan sihirin da aka sanya shi. Bugu da kari, babban lalacewar alumma ya faru ne ta hanyar tarko kananan pandas don ajiyewa kamar dabbobi. Dangane da wannan, dole ne mu yarda cewa ya zuwa yanzu babu wani bege don ci gaban al'umma ko ma tabbatar da zaman lafiya, kuma ƙananan pandas suna cikin haɗari ga pandas.
An yi sa'a, a zaman talala, ƙananan pandas sun fi kyau fiye da manyan.
Me yasa pandas ya mutu?
Dukda cewa babban panda a yau baya rarrabe shi azaman nau'in dabbobi masu hadari, amma manyan dalilai na raguwar adadin wadannan dabbobi a koyaushe sune:
De ƙazantar gandun daji
• farauta don nama da Jawo.
Kuma idan gwamnati ta sami nasarar shawo kan matsalar farautar bera da sauki, to faduwa tana ci gaba da zama babbar matsala. Yawan jama'ar China da ci gaban tattalin arziki cikin sauri suna buƙatar sabbin filaye. A lokaci guda, ana lalubo sabbin hanyoyin zirga-zirgar motoci wadanda zasu lalata mazaunan pandas zuwa cikin wuraren da ke keɓe, wanda ke haifar da ta atomatik zuwa rarrabuwar yawancin manyan pandas. Ya kamata a sani cewa a cikin ƙauyukan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙauyukwan ƙasa shine galibi ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan samun kudin shiga. Dangane da karamin (ja) panda, babban barazanar da yake fuskanta a yanzu shine farauta da kuma kamawa.
Duk da cewa karamin panda na zaune a wurare masu nisa, ana ci gaba da farauta.
Rayuwar babban panda kai tsaye ya dogara da gandun daji.
Haihuwar kowane babban panda cub shine taron duniya.