Karatun AngolaKolombirin jini na kansa) rarraba a Equatorial Afirka: a arewacin Kongo, a gabashin Gabon, a Kamaru, a gabashin Najeriya, a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, a arewa-gabas na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, a arewa maso yamma na Rwanda, a Uganda, Sudan ta kudu, Habasha, a yamma Kenya da kuma yankin kusa da Tanzania. Subsungiyoyi guda uku na matsalar cutar cinikin fata suna gama gari daga kudu na hamadar Sahara zuwa Tanzania. Ana samun launin ruwan Angolan a cikin dazuzzukan kurkusa tare da bankunan kogin, kazalika a cikin busassun daji da laima har zuwa tsawan 3300 na saman teku.

Bayyanar

Angolan colobus Yana da physique mai nauyi, launinsa galibi baƙar fata ne da fararen gashi a kafadunsa da fararen hakora. Gashin gashi a kafadu na rabe-raben abubuwa daban-daban sun bambanta tsawonsu. Wani sunan ga 'yan mulkin boko na Angolan shine farar fata mai launin fata-cha cha. Wadannan birai suna da dogon wutsiyoyi - a cikin maza tsawonsu ya kai 83 cm, a cikin mace - 70 cm tare da tsawon jikinsa yana da cm 68 da 49 cm, bi da bi. Maza yawanci suna da girma fiye da mace kuma suna iya awo har kilo 11 (mace kimanin kilo 6).

Halayyar zamantakewa da sake haifarwa

Angolan colobus zaune a cikin ƙungiyoyin mata da yawa sama da 25. Yawancin lokaci a cikin rukunin maza akwai manya maza guda biyu kuma daga mace biyu zuwa shida masu sha biyu. Wani lokacin launin fata yana tarawa cikin manya-manyan kungiyoyi har zuwa 300, kuma, ba shakka, akwai maza da yawa a cikin irin waɗannan rukunin, amma abin da ake kira ba shi da kullun. Angolan colobus bashi da takamaiman lokacin kiwo, ana haife san suna duk shekara. Cutar ciki tayi kimanin kwanaki 160. Cubs an haife su fari gaba daya kuma sun fara duhu lokacin da suke kusan wata uku. Mahaifiyarta na kula da ɗan 'yar kimanin watanni 15. Maza sun kai ga balaga yayin da suke shekara huɗu, mace a shekara biyu. Yawancin lokaci yara maza suna tilasta barin ƙungiyar kafin su kai shekarun haihuwa, amma wani lokacin zasu iya ƙalubalantar ma'anar maza maza. Matsayin rayuwa na mulkin mallaka a cikin yanayi ya kai shekaru 20, a cikin bauta - shekaru 30.

Abinci mai gina jiki

Angolan colobus - birai bishiyoyi, da wuya su gangara zuwa ƙasa. Wannan yawanci yakan faru ne a gabar koguna, inda launuka ke cin ciyawar sabo. Hakanan suna cin harbe, haushi, fure, fure, 'ya'yan itace,' ya'yan itace, wasu tsirrai masu ruwa da kwari. Suna cin abinci mai yawa - har zuwa kilo biyu zuwa uku na ganye kowace rana.

(Colobus guereza)

Rarraba a Afirka ta Tsakiya: a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, a arewa maso gabas na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, a Kongo, a arewa maso gabashin Gabon, a arewacin Ruwanda, a kudu da Chadi, a Uganda, Sudan ta Kudu, Habasha, a yammacin Kenya kuma kusa da sassan ƙasar Tanzaniya

Girman jikin mutum shine kilo 9.3-13.5, kuma na mace shine kilogram 7.8 - 9.2. Tsawon jikin maza yakai kusan santimita 61.5, na mace kuwa yakai santimita 57.6. Tsawon wutsiya shine 52 - 90 cm .. Gashi: baƙi mai duhu, fuska da filayen sciatic da ke da farin gashi. A tarnaƙi kuma a cikin bayan baya, doguwar farar fata tana yin suturar U-dimbin yawa. Gefen cinyoyin cinya yana da kyau, wutsiya tana da matakai daban-daban kuma ana canza launin launuka daban daban da launin shuɗi daga gindi har zuwa ƙarshen gwiwa.

Kofin launuka yana ciyar da ganye sosai, amma ya danganta da lokacin, suna son cin furanni, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, Tushen, tsaba, tsiro. Ana samun danshi daga abinci, amma suna sharar raɓa da kuma ruwan sama mai tara ruwa a cikin manyan hanyoyin itatuwa. Musamman tsarin ciki shine colobus. An kasu kashi biyu a cikin manya da ƙananan ƙananan, ƙananan wanda ke ɗauke da ruwan ƙwayar ciki, na babba kuma ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin cuta na symbiotic waɗanda ke lalata fiber na tsire-tsire zuwa cikin hadaddun sunadarai masu sauƙi. Yayin narkewar abinci, abubuwa masu guba da yawa da aka samo a cikin ganyayyaki shuka su ma sun lalata su kuma keɓewa. Wannan yana ba da damar canza launi don cin tsire-tsire waɗanda ke da guba ga wasu nau'ikan halittar birai. Tun da abincin shuka yana da ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta tana da ikon sarrafa ɗimbin abinci irin wannan, kuma abubuwan da ke cikin ciki na iya zama sama da rubu'in nauyin dabba na dabba.

Ayyukan wadannan birai yau da kullun. Kofin launuka na zaune a cikin rawanin bishiyoyi masu tsayi. Yawancin lokaci a cikin rana suna ciyarwa kuma suna hutawa, suna motsawa kaɗan, kuma a lokacin ranar rukuni suna tafiya kawai game da 500. Colobus suna zaune yawanci a cikin ƙananan rukuni sun haɗa da namiji ɗaya, mata da yawa da mata da yawa da kuma yara kanana da matasa. Idan akwai ƙarin maza manya, to girman ƙungiyar suma yana ƙaruwa. Dangantaka tsakanin mambobin ƙungiyar ƙaunar zaman lafiya ce, uwaye da sauran membobin ƙungiyar suna ɗaukar marayu. Wani lokaci akwai ƙungiyoyi ciki har da dabbobi kusan 120. Ka ɗauka cewa waɗannan rukuni ɗaya ne da yawa.

Kofin launuka na hulda da dan kadan. Fuskokin fuskokinsu, siginar sauti da nuna kyawun gani kadan ne kuma mafi yawan lokuta sukan nuna tashin hankali ko niyyar jima'i. Yawancin lokaci ana bayyana halayen su "a kwantar da hankula da tsanani." Daya daga cikin dalilan da tsarin talauci mai haɓakawa ya ta'allaka ne akan mafi kyawun halayen abincin su. Wadannan birai da ke rayuwa a kan bishiyoyi, inda abinci yake ko'ina, suna ciyar da mafi yawan lokutan rayuwarsu a wuri guda kuma suna zaune lafiya. A gare su ba mahimmanci ba ne don gudanar da ayyukan duk mambobin kungiyar. Motsawa cikin rawanin bishiyoyi, launuka masu duhu suna tabbatar da cewa basu da kusanci da juna. Da zaran biri ya shiga cikin cin abinci mai tsawo, ba ta da wata damuwa ta sadarwa da sauran dabbobi. Yawancin lokaci ana cin abinci a cikin cocin da safe da kuma ƙarshen rana, amma sau da yawa akwai buƙatar ciyarwa yayin rana - a sakamakon haka, babu isasshen lokacin sadarwa.

Bwayoyin Gabas sune birrai masu shuru, amma galibi lokacin alfijir da lokacin faduwar rana sukan yi sautin kararrawa, sauran kuma mutane suke karban sa. Irin wannan mawaƙan na daɗewa da yawa. Ba a fahimci mahimmancin waɗannan kukan ba.

Sake bugun ba na lokaci bane. Matar tana haihuwar ɗa guda ɗaya a kowane watanni 20. Cutar ciki tayi tsawon kwanaki 140-220. Jariri mai nauyin kimanin 800 g, lactation yana da watanni 6. Mata sun kai ga balaga yayin da suke kusan shekara 4, maza a cikin shekaru 4-5. Kodayake dabbar ta hanyar canjin ba ta da alaƙa da wani yanayi, amma yawanci sayoyin suna bayyana a irin wannan lokacin wanda lokacin da aka yaye takan haɗuwa da lokacin abinci mai yawa. Jariri mai kimanin 20 cm tsayi kuma yana nauyin kilogram 0.4. An haife shi da idanu na buɗe kuma yana iya ɗaure nan da nan zuwa ga alkyabar mahaifiyarsa don riƙe ta. A cikin maraƙi, gashin da ke kan jikin mutum ya fi ƙasa da gajarta fiye da na manya. Sauran membobin kungiyar sukan kwashe jarirai daga uwarsu kuma zasu iya renon shi na dogon lokaci su dauke shi zuwa nisan mita 25. Uwa na iya ciyar da ita da jaririn wani a lokaci guda, kuma da zarar sun kalli mace dauke da 'ya' ya mace uku lokaci guda. Shekaru masu saurin kamuwa da cuta ya kusan shekaru 20, a cikin bauta - har zuwa shekaru 29.

Alamomin waje na mulkin mallaka

Royal colobus - primates - matsakaici a girma tare da siririn jiki. Maza suna yin matsakaici game da kimanin kilogram 9.90, aƙalla kilogram 14, mace ƙasa da ita - kimanin kilo 8.30. Tsawon jikin ya bambanta daga 45.0 zuwa 72.0 cm.Ta wutsiyar tana da tsawon tsayi 0.52 cm zuwa 1 mita.

Royal colobus yana da sauƙin rarrabewa daga wasu nau'in halittar Colobus ta farar fata a kan fatar dusar kankara, mai laushi mai laushi. A cikin birai na wannan nau'in, whiskers, kirji, wutsiya fari ne. Masara an gina su ne a kan gindi ta tsakiya. Jaka kunya. Babban yatsan goshin hannu yana wakiltar ta hanyar sauƙaƙan ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.

Royal colobus (Colobus polykomos).

Kwanyar ta ci gaba sosai. Gwannun idanu suna da kyau tare da kunkuntar bangaranci. Hancin hancin yana faɗaɗawa kamar haɓaka fatar hanci kuma zai iya ci gaba har zuwa bakin bakin.

Abubuwan Sarauta na Royal

Yawan bishiyoyi masu launi iri-iri suna zama yawancin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi (nau'in tsauni da tsafi), a inda ake maganar tsawon lokacin bushewa.

A cikin wuraren zama, gumi mai daushin bishiyoyi masu kyau.

A halin yanzu, yawancin ni ana shuka shi da shinkafa da wasu albarkatu. A wannan yanayin, launuka masu launi suna daidaitawa a cikin manyan yankuna na gandun daji matasa. Tsoffin gandun daji na sama sama da kashi 60% ne kawai.

An bambanta launin suturar sarauta ta wuri da alamun farin a kan ulu: farin whis, kirji, wutsiya.

Siffofin halayyar masarauta

Kwalaben sarauta suna kafa ƙaramin rukuni na 5-20 mutane. Iyalin sun ƙunshi maza 1-3, mata 3 - 4 da kuma birai matasa. Dukansu suna hutawa tare a kan bishiya ɗaya. Sau da yawa a cikin gandun daji akwai samari maza ba su da aure. Tsakanin fakitoci daban-daban wani lokacin bambancin ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, mazan suna kare yankinsu daga mamayewar sauran ƙasusuwa, kare garken tumakin a lokacin da masu fafutukar suka kawo musu hari.

Akwai sarari kyauta koyaushe a tsakanin rukunonin biyun, wanda ba kasafai ake keta shi ba.

Don rayuwa, rukuni na masarautar mulkin mallaka na buƙatar kimanin kadada 22 na gandun daji tare da muhimmiyar ƙasa kyauta tsakanin rukunin wasu rukunin dabbobi. Lokacin motsi, ana amfani da duk 4, amma kuma mafi yawan lokuta suna rataye a kan na gaba, suna manne wa rassan tare da goge, tare da rage yatsun farko. Mace suna kiyaye kusanci da juna, suna gyara kullun gashi, kuma suna neman gurɓataccen fata.

Maza manya a cikin fakitin sun nuna fifikon mamayar su akan wasu mutane. Primates suna magana da junan su tare da siginar gani: fuskokin fuskoki, matsanancin jiki, murya, karimcin.

Royal kiwo

Bayanai kan kwanakin kiwo na zamanin mulkin sarki suna da sabani sosai. A wasu rukunin, haihuwa suna faruwa a duk shekara, duk shekara, amma a wasu, haihuwar zuriya ta zo daidai da lokacin rani - Disamba-Mayu. A kowane hali, yawan haifuwa ya dogara da yawan abinci.

Mafi yawan lokaci lokacin dabbobi suna ɓoye cikin lokacin rawanin bishiyoyi masu tsayi, da wuya kuma ba da son sa sauka ba.

Abubuwan roba dana sarauta, sunada yawa, mace daya tana da mace dayawa, kuma yana yiwuwa a auri mata da yawa tare da mace dayawa.

Jariri ya bayyana, an rufe shi da farin ulu, kuma yayin da ya girma ya zama fari gaba ɗaya, sannan sannu a hankali ya sami launin fur ɗin ɗan akuya.

Mata ne kawai ke da hannu a cikin tarbiyyar da ciyar da zuriya, sun kuma kula da suturar, suna ba da kariya. Da farko dai, birai matasa basa iya motsawa da kansu, kuma suna tafiya tare da mace. Ba a gano matsayin maza ba na haɓaka zuriya.

Monaramin birrai sami damar ba da zuriya tun yana ɗan shekara biyu. Lokaci tsakanin haihuwa shine 20 - 20. Royal colobus yana rayuwa cikin bauta tsawon shekaru 23.5. Ba a san tsammanin rayuwa a cikin yanayi ba, amma ga alama an rage shi sosai.

Matsayin kiyayewa na mulkin mallaka

Yawan adon sarauta yana da ƙanƙanta sosai. Birai na wannan nau'in suna kan jerin IUCN ja tare da matsayin jinsin masu rauni. Suna ƙarƙashin karɓar Yarjejeniyar Afirka. Hakanan ana cikin jerin masarautun sarauta cikin CITES (Shafi na II).

Yawan dabbobi sun sha ragu da sama da kashi 30 cikin dari a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata, la'akari da yadda lalacewar muhalli, farauta, da rarrabuwar jama'a ke cikin ƙungiyoyi.

Kyakkyawan fata na kayan ado na sarauta sunyi mummunan tasiri a rayuwar magabatan gado. Ita ce ta haifar da rashin tausayi na birai.

Kabilun da ke yaƙi da Habasha sun daɗe suna rufe garkuwar soja da furke. Rage yawan adadin mulkin mallaka na faruwa ne a duk lokacin da aka rarraba shi, musamman a wuraren da ciyawar daji ta shafa, inda gandun daji na farko suka lalace.

Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.