Gishirin Turai
Tsarin kimiyya

Gishirin Turai, ko Yankin Turai (lat. Solea solea) - wani nau'in kifi mai launin shuɗi, daga gidan gishirin (Soleidae) ɓoye na kifin mai laushi, launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da duhu mai duhu. An rufe jikin tare da ƙananan sikeli, wanda ke sanya kifin wuya ga taɓawa. Ciyarwa daga Maris zuwa Mayu a cikin rafin gabar teku. A cikin hunturu, gishiri na Turai ya koma zurfa; a yanayin zafi ruwa, harshen teku bashi da aiki.

Ana amfani da sunan Latin a yaren marine Sole, wanda ke nufin "outsole" saboda wasu kamannin kamannin yarukan ruwan teku zuwa takalmin. Ban da haka ma, ana kiransa da babban harshe ruwan teku, harshe mai zurfin teku, da dai sauransu.

Harshen ruwan marine ana daukar shi azaman mai daɗi kuma gourmets yana jin daɗinsa. A cikin shagunan da ke ƙarƙashin yare na marine, galibi suna sayar da wasu kifayen Ppoasianodon hypophthalmus tare da sunan kasuwanci "pangasius".

A cikin 2014, Greenpeace ya haɗa da harshen marine a cikin jerin kifaye masu haɗari saboda hanyoyin kamun kifi da lalata kifayen jama'a.

Saiti

Mai kunnawa zai fara ta atomatik (idan zai yiwu a zahiri), idan yana cikin filin gani a shafi

Girman mai kunnawa za a daidaita ta atomatik zuwa girman toshe akan shafin. Alamar Ratio - 16 × 9

Mai kunnawa zai kunna bidiyon a jerin waƙoƙi bayan kunna bidiyon da aka zaɓa

A cikin harshen marine na yanzu, fillet ɗin yana da dusar ƙanƙara fari, mai bakin ciki da mara-mai, mai kauri ba fiye da santimita ɗaya ba. Lokacin daskararre, fillet ɗin bai kamata ya lalata. Wannan tabbataccen alama ce cewa an lalata harshen teku. Motunan suna da lebur kuma suna da kaifi biyu na kauri. Kyakkyawan glaze yana hana kifi bushewa da bushewar kitse.

Pangasius

Kamar yadda kake gani, Harshen Yankin Kifi shine kifi mai ƙanƙanta fiye da Halibut. Bugu da kari, akwai bambance-bambance a wuraren rarraba da bayyanar. Akwai ra'ayi cewa akan shelfukanmu mun sami kusan harshen Pangasius Sea - kifi daga umarnin kifin. A matsayinka na mai mulki, matsakaicin nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 44, kuma tsayinsa yakai cm 130. An girma cikin dumbin filaye akan gonaki a kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Ana ciyar da Pangasius abinci mai kalori mai girma don yayi girma da sauri. Yana da haɗari sosai lokacin da rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma abubuwan alatu na asali waɗanda aka haɗe tare da shi.

ko gaba daya ba zai yiwu ba. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane: irin wannan sikelin mai matsakaici, mai daɗi da ƙoshin lafiya kyan abinci ne na gaske! Kari akan haka, Majalisar Kasar Amurka ta ware shi don kiyaye Albarkatun Albarkatu a matsayin mafi girman nau'ikan kifi. Kuna iya cin shi sau biyu a mako a cikin rabo na gram 170. Halibut an rarrabe shi azaman kifi mai dauke da abun da ke dauke da ƙwayoyin Mercury: ana bada shawara a ci sau 3 a kowane wata a cikin wannan rabo.

Dafa Halibut

Idan labarinmu bai ba ku tsoro ba 🙂 kuma kun yanke shawarar dafa Halibut (wanda bai ji daɗin cewa ba Harshen Yankin Ba ne kuma ya tabbata cewa ba Pangasius ba ne), to, ga girke-girke na abincin ku.

Halibut ya fi kyau kar a soya, amma gasa. Lokacin yin soya, yana shan mai mai yawa kuma ya zama sau 4 a cikin adadin kuzari. Kuna iya dafa Halibut daidai ga ma'aurata, adana duk kayan amfani masu amfani kuma ba tare da ƙara cutarwarsa ba. Don yin wannan, gishiri da kifi guda, yayyafa ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami da kuma sanya a cikin biyu tukunya ko jinkirin cooker. Sanya ganye a saman, Hakanan zaka iya sa kayan lambu. Bayan iyakar minti 10, lafiyayyen abincin zai shirya tsaf. Kuna iya amfani da gishiri ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, kuna maye gurbinsa da barkono da lemun tsami. Zai juya sosai da lafiya. Tabbas, koyaushe zaka iya yin gwaji tare da kayan aikin da kuka fi so, kuna samun sabon jita a kowane lokaci.

Bayyanarce da kuma bayanin kifin

Harshen teku shine wakilin kifi daga gishirin gishirin, diski-kamar diski. Fitowar ta tayi kama da dusar kankara. Jiki mai laushi da kai, harma da siffofi da idanu a gefe ɗaya - wannan shine ainihin alamun gishirin.

Tsawon kifin yana da ƙanƙan - cm 30. Duk farfajiyar jikin an rufe shi da ƙananan sikeli wanda ke ƙara ƙarfinta. Shugaban ya daidaita da fadi. A bayan harshen an yi fenti launin ruwan kasa tare da gamsuwa da inuwa mai duhu da aibobi duhu. Sashin ciki yana da wuta, kamar sauran wakilan kifayen da ke zaune a yankuna ƙasa.

Yaren yana zaune a cikin tekun Atlantika da tekun Pacific. Ya fi son ruwa mara nauyi, tare da zazzabi na ruwa na 8 zuwa 24 ° C. Babban abinci shine ƙananan crustaceans, mollusks da tsutsotsi. Farauta da daddare.

Sunan daidai

A dafa abinci, a karkashin irin wannan mara daidaitaccen sunan ana nufin gajeren zango daga dangin gishirin. Kifin teku yana da wani suna - gishiri na Turai. Ana kiran shi don dalili. Tushen shine kalmar Latin "tafin kafa", wanda a cikin fassarar tana nufin tafin kafa, outso. Anyi bayanin wannan ta hanyar cewa jiki yana ɗamara, yayi kama da takalmi. Mutanen sun sa mata suna kifi-gishiri, domin kuwa naman ta da gishiri sosai.

Amfana da cutarwa

Gawar irin wannan samfurin ruwan teku ta ƙunshi abubuwan gina jiki da yawa daban-daban. Suna da tasiri sosai ga jikin mutum, wanda ke ba da damar amfani da shi don magani da rigakafin cututtukan da ke gaba.

• Bugun jini
• Ajiyar zuciya.
• Hawan jini
• Osteochondrosis.
• Cutar thyroid.
• Arthritis
• Hypersensitivity na tsakiya juyayi tsarin.
• Acidarancin acidity.

Yawan kifin marine suna ƙarƙashin kulawa mai ƙarfi. Baya ga tabbatattun fa'idodin harshen marine, cutar kuma tana nan. A zamanin yau, ana aiwatar da kiwo cikin yanayin wucin gadi, wanda zai haifar da mummunan sakamako. Gaskiyar ita ce ba duk masu samarwa suna shirye su kashe kuɗi don ƙirƙirar da kiyaye yanayi da aminci a wuraren kiwo ba. Adanawa akan irin waɗannan mahimman abubuwan suna haifar da haɗari ga lafiyar masu amfani.

Babban wurin namo shi ne Kogin Mekong, wanda yake a Vietnam. Matsalar wannan kogin babban gurbataccen iska ne. Babu wani ingantaccen iko a cikin kasar, saboda haka, sharar gida daga tsire-tsire masu guba kuma ragowar takin zamani daga filayen ana zubar da su ne da rashin hukunci a cikin ruwan Mekong. Sakamakon haka, kogin ya ƙunshi mahimmancin ƙarfe masu nauyi, abubuwa masu guba da gubobi. Tana daya daga cikin kogunan da aka gurbata a duniya.

Saboda yawan haɗarin abubuwa masu cutarwa, amfani da wannan abincin mai kyau yana iya haifar da lalacewar hanta, ciki, raunin jijiyoyin jini da lalata sauran gabobin ciki.

Ku ɗanɗani halaye

Abu na farko da yakamata ku sani lokacin da kuke tunani game da dandano shine kasancewa cikin tawagar. Ya yi kama sosai da ɗanɗano da ruwa, amma mafi m. Naman yana shafa mai sosai. Ana ƙara asalin ɗanɗano zuwa tsarin nama - matsakaici mai yawa, kusan ƙashi. Masu ƙaunar wannan dandano za su so na ƙarshe, ba tare da tsangwama ba.

Abubuwan sunadarai da abun da ke cikin kalori

Gawar kifin yana da wadatattun kayan kariya masu narkewa. A cikin ɗan ƙaramin abu, amino acid suna nan, yawancin bitamin. A, B, D, E, F - ana iya samun wannan duka a cikin abincin gishiri.

Daga abubuwan da aka gabatar anan:

Yawancin bincike sun nuna cewa naman wannan kifayen yana samar da ingantaccen furotin, wanda jikin ɗan adam yake ɗoshin shi sosai. Babban taro na furotin shine 10.3 grams. Kadan mai - gram 5.3, amma nama mai kiba ne. Little cholesterol - 30 MG mafi yawa, saboda haka ba za a sami matsaloli tare da ɗaukarwarsa ba. Kalori adadin kifin shine 88 Kcal a kowace gram 100 na kayan.

Bambanci daga Pangasius

Sakamakon rage yawan yaruka na marine, an fara maye gurbinsu da pangasius. Dayawa sun gaskata cewa waɗannan kifayen iri ɗaya ne. Koyaya, analog shine wakilin catfish, kuma harshe na ainihi shine gishirin. Saboda haka, kwatancen, daga wannan mahangar ra'ayi, bashida tasiri ne.

Duk da iyalai daban-daban gaba daya, tatsar wakilan biyu na ruwa "masarauta" da gaske suke. Wannan ana amfani da shi ta hanyar masu siyar da sihiri. Bugu da kari, a karkashin wani daskararren kankara, babu makawa zaka iya fahimtar ainihin gishiri a gabanka ko analog na kogi. Irin wannan aiki yana da wahala ko da na ƙwararre ne. Amma har yanzu akwai bambance-bambance.

• Pangasius - yana zaune a cikin koguna, don haka naman sa zai sami ƙanshin kogin.
• Abubuwan yadudduka suna bayyane a gefunan analog fillet; gishiri ba shi da wannan.
• Launi na loin na asalin kaya fararen fata ne, translucent. A pangasius yana da duhu, tare da sautunan launin toka ko shuɗi mai haske.
• A tsakiyar filletin pangasius, za a iya gani tsinkayen ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda-brown daga kashin baya. Harshen Turai ba shi da shi.
• Kauri daga filletin gishirin ya ragu.

Amfanin rasa nauyi

A cikin kayan abinci don asarar nauyi, galibi kuna iya samun naman gishiri. Saboda rage yawan adadin kuzari, yana da kyau don daidaita tsarin abincin. Chan girke-girke - yin burodi a cikin tanda, soya a cikin kwanon rufi ko gasa, a cikin dafaffen dafaffen nama ko steamed.

Mafi kyawun kwano don asarar nauyi ta hanyar masana ana kiransa gishiri mai hurawa. Daidaita dafa shi zai taimaka wannan girke-girke.

Bayanin harshen Marine

Tsawon jikin mutum na harshen teku ya kai 70 cm, nauyin kuma ya kai kilo 3. Wannan kifin, kamar sauran membobin iyali, yana da ɗakin kwana, mai siffar ganye.

Eyesaramin idanu an karkatar da su zuwa ɓangaren dama kuma suna kusanci da juna. Saboda wannan, ana iya binne yar ruwan a cikin silt ko yashi.

Ba a rufe fata mai kauri da ƙananan sikeli. Loweran jikin mutum yawanci haske ne mai launin toka kuma yana iya kaiwa ga fari, ɓangaren kuma babba yana launin ruwan kasa da launin shuɗi. A saman jikin mutum akwai duhu aibobi.

An rufe jikin tare da ƙananan sikeli, saboda haka kifayen suna da tsauri ga taɓawa.

Tsawon harshen ruwan teku bai wuce santimita 60 ba, amma galibi ana samun daidaikun mutane kimanin santimita 35. Kodayake akwai shaidar cewa an kama samfuran santimita 70. Mace sun fi maza yawanci girma. Matsakaicin nauyin harshen marine ya kai kilo 3.

Rarraba harshe Marine

Harshen ruwan teku yana zaune a cikin ruwa mai nisa na gabashin Atlantic, haɗuwa daga Norway zuwa gabar Afirka. Hakanan, harshen marine yana zaune a cikin Tekun Bahar Rum, Black and Baltic Seas.

A yanayin zafi mara ruwa, harshen marine baya aiki.

Wannan kifin ya zama ruwan dare gama gari masu zafi da ruwa mara kyau. A cikin hunturu, kifin ya ƙaura da ɗan zurfin ruwan tekun Arewa. Ana samun yaren Mariya a zurfin zurfin mita 20-150, yana ba da fifiko ga ƙasa mai laka ko yashi. Yana zaune a ruwa, zazzabi wanda yake shine 8-24. A cikin yanayin dumin yanayi, ana samun yaren marine a wurare masu gabar teku, kuma a cikin hunturu ke zurfi.

Rayuwar rayuwar Mariya

Yaren teku yana rayuwa na dogon lokaci - gabaɗaya, kusan shekaru 30. Amma tunda furanni a bude yake, da wuya ake haɗuwa da mutum irin wannan mai daraja. An kama tsofaffin samfuran adadi a cikin Jamus, wannan kifin yana da shekara 40.

Sunan kasuwanci don gishirin Turai shine “pangasius”.

Wadannan kifayen suna nuna ayyukan ne da daddare, kuma a lokacin da rana suke ɓoyewa a ƙasa, suna binne kansu cikin yashi ko raɗaɗi, yayin da idanun biyu suke a farfajiya. Suna jagorantar yanayin rayuwa na talata. Abincin ya ƙunshi larvae na kwari, crustaceans, ƙananan mollusks da invertebrates daban-daban.

Wani fasali na harshen marine shine ikon canza launi na jiki, wanda ke faruwa gwargwadon launi na muhalli. Launin kifin zai iya zama mai haske ko duhu; ƙari, siffar ɗambobin da girman su ya canza a saman ɓangaren jiki.

Harshen ruwan teku suna ba da fifiko a kan ƙananan ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen rayuwa waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin ƙasa. Bugu da kari, kifin kifi da tsutsotsi suna cikin abincin su.

Harshen teku yana haifar da rayuwa mai kaɗaici.

Sake yin amfani da yarukan marine

Cinikin yana faruwa ne daga Maris zuwa Mayu. Matan sun yi tsalle a cikin ruwayen bakin teku, a zurfin kusan mil 30. Oneaya mace tana kawo ƙwai 350,000 qwai.

Hatching na larvae yana faruwa kimanin kwanaki 8 bayan masonry. Da farko, soyayyen yaren marine suna iyo kusa da ruwa, amma sai suka fara jagorantar rayuwar yau da kullun. Haka kuma, suna da metamorphosis wanda ya zama ruwan dare gama gari. Don kifin leda, hatta metamorphosis ya zama ruwan dare, amma, a zahiri, abin mamaki ne. Yayin jujjuyawa, ido na hagu a gefen dama yana sannu a hankali a cikin kifin. Bayan kammala metamorphosis, gefen hagu ya zama ciki, kuma gefen dama ya zama baya. Abincin soya akan nauplii na mai cinyewa.

Kifin yana zaune a zurfin daga 20 zuwa 85 m tare da kusan dukkanin tekun Vietnam.

Yawan harshen marine

Kungiyar Greenpeace ta hada da yarukan marine a cikin littafin Red. A cikin littafin Red akwai ba wai kawai wasu nau'in halitta ne da ke gab da lalacewa ba, har ma da nau'in halittun da aka kama ko'ina cikin duniya da yawa, don haka akwai haɗarin gaske na kisan su.

A gare mu, ana shigo da harshen marine musamman daga Vietnam. Kamawa ana aiwatar da ita ta ƙananan trawls. A cewar kididdigar, ana fitar da kusan tan dubu 30 na harshen teku a shekara. A kan shelves wannan kifin za'a iya samun sabo, gishiri, mai sanyi da kyafaffen. Idan za a ci gaba da harshe na marine a kan siraran mai yawa, to lambar sa na iya raguwa sosai.

Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.