Wannan mafarauci na iya farautar a ko'ina cikin shekara, amma yawancin dabbobi suna kiwo daga Maris zuwa Yuli. Ya dogara da ko mace a cikin jaka tana da siya ko a'a, jakar ta ɓace ko, a takaice, tana da haɓaka. Matar mace na tsawon makonni 3. Mace na iya samun jarirai har 24. Koyaya, a cikin jakar mahaifiyar akwai nono 6, sabili da haka jarirai ne kawai ke tsira, watau waɗanda zasu iya fara zuwa kan nonon. Jaka mara nauyi wacce takan bude baya, an rufe ta da fatar fatar, aikin ta shine rufe jaka lokacin da cuba cuban su ke ciki.
Nan da nan bayan haihuwa, 'ya' yan sunata ga jakuna kuma suna manne wa kan nonon. Yarinya sun kumbura saboda yadda jariran suka jingina da su, saboda haka 'Ya'yan ba za su iya fitowa daga jaka ba. Jariri yayi nauyin mil 12-15 kawai. Bayan mako 15, idanunsu a buɗe. Bayan wata daya, sai su bar jakar a takaice, amma a kai a kai za su koma wurin sha madara. Yara dabbobin sun sami 'yanci daga watanni 4-5.
LIFESTYLE
Kwall kwararre ne mai wayo, yana zaune a cikin dazuzzukan daji, a filin kwari, har ma da filaye da wuraren kiwo na Kudu maso Gabas. A da, yawancin ɗimbin waɗannan ƙananan dabbobin sun ma zauna a kusancin Melbourne da Sydney, amma a cikin waɗannan yankuna a cikin 1901-1903 dabbobin sun mutu daga cututtukan epizootics (tare da yaduwar cutar dabbobi). Lokaci na ƙarshe da aka lura da wannan marten marsupial kusa da Sydney a cikin 70s na karni na XX. A yau, allationsummomin da yawa na marsupial martens suna zaune a Tasmania. A cikin yankin Ostiraliya akwai wasu mutanen da ke cikin waɗannan dabbobin da ke dab da halaka. Kvall ya hau bishiyoyi daidai, amma kuma yawancin lokaci yakan ciyar a ƙasa. Da rana, dabbar yakan yi bacci a cikin dutse ko kuma cikin itacen da aka lika da ganye. A lokacin bacci, marsupial marten curls a cikin ball.
MENENE Abincin
Marsupial marten quoll mallakar gidan dabbobi ne na Australiya, wanda ake kira marsupials predatory.
An san wannan dabbar saboda saukakinta. Marten quoll yana cin nasara akan dukkan kananan dabbobi. Yana ciyar da yafi akan kwari, ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa da tsuntsaye, wani lokacin kifi da dabbobi masu rarrafe. Kwoll wata dabba ce da ba ta dace ba. Dabbar tana aiki da sassafe kuma da magariba. Yayin farauta, ya dogara ne da kyakkyawan jinsa da kuma jin warin sa. Marsupial Marten suna jira kamar cat. Wasu lokuta ta kan zauna a gindin bishiyar sai ta jira wanda bai kula ba ya kusanto, sannan ya sauka kan nata. Idan kayi nasarar kama ganima, to kwoll yana kashe ta da cizo a wuya. Manoma suna lalata waɗannan masu farauta kamar yadda suke lalata kaji. Wasu lokuta dabbobi kan bayyana a gefen alƙaluma inda suke ciyar da sharar gida. Gabaɗaya, Australiya suna girmama Kwolls don kashe beraye, beraye, da kuma zomaye matasa.
BAYANIN BAYANAI. KA SAN CEWA.
- Marsupials masu ƙaddara sun haɗa da ƙaramar dabba mai ƙarancin daji - marsupial linzamin kwamfuta, kazalika da ƙaddarar marsupial mafi girma da ke zama a Tasmania - marsupial wolf, wanda yayi kama da masu farauta daga dan wolf. A yau, ƙyamar marsupial an ɗauke shi wani nau'i ne mai ƙarewa.
- Baƙi na farko na Turai sun kira Quoll a matsayin cat na gida, saboda yana tunatar da su game da cat cat na Turai. Lallai ma, mahallin marsupial yayi kama da kuliyoyi.
SIFFOFIN CIKIN SAURARA. LITTAFINSA
Canza launi: mai canzawa: koda fuskoki daga ɗayan litter ɗin suna iya samun launuka daban-daban. Mafi sau da yawa, dabbobi suna da ruwan zaitun a cikin launi, amma na iya zama baƙi, tare da fari da launin toka.
Wool: laushi, kauri da gajeru.
Claws: tare da taimakon kaifi mai kaifi wanda yake a yatsun sa, Quoll ya hau bishiyoyi da kyau.
Wuta: ba tare da aibobi ba, bakinsa galibi ana fentin fari.
- Habitat marten mazaunin
INA SON LAFIYA
Kwall an fi samun ta a Tasmania, har ma da wasu yankuna na Kudu maso Gabashin Australia.
KYAUTA DA KYAUTATA
Ko da yake corolla a Tasmania yana da yawa sosai, yawanta a yankin na Australiya yana raguwa da sauri. Manoma da ke lalata gona sun lalace ta hanyar manoma waɗanda ke zarginsu da lalata kaji.
Bayanin da fasali na kwatancen Quoll
Bayanin Kvollov na iya farawa da gaskiyar cewa wannan dabba galibi ana kwatanta ta da ferret, marten ko mongoose - kuma hakika, kamannin waje na yau da kullun yana tare da kowane ɗayan waɗannan dabbobi.
Sunan Turanci na quoll yana nufin "cat cat na gabashin" - amma, ana iya kwatanta shi da cat saboda ƙaramin girman sa.
Lallai, matsakaicin nauyi ga maza shine kilo 2, ga mace - har ƙasa da, kimanin kilo 1, kuma tsawon jikin, a matsakaici, shine santimita 40.
A cikin hoto, dabbar dabba
Wutsiyar Quoll yana da tsayi sosai, daga 17 zuwa 25 santimita, an rufe shi da ulu. Hannun ƙafafun sun kasance gajere, kafafun hindu suna da ƙarfi da ƙarfi fiye da na gaba. Guguwar kunkuntar, mai nuna kai ga hanci, tare da gajerun kunnuwan zagaye.
Mayafin yana da taushi, siliki, mai yawa. Launinsa ya bambanta daga launin shuɗi zuwa kusan baki, tare da ƙananan lambobi da manyan fari waɗanda ke warwatse ko'ina cikin baya.
Babban fasalin rarrabewar abubuwa shine kasancewar a cikin ciki na mace na karamar aljihu, wacce aka kafa ta daga ɗakunan fata. A cikin yanayin al'ada, kusan ba a ganuwa ba ne, amma lokacin da mace ta shirya don bayyanar 'ya' yan ƙwaya, aljihunan (ko jakar brood) yana ƙaruwa da girmanta, ƙirjin ya zama sananne.
Aljihu yana da tsari mai ban sha'awa - yana buɗewa ba kamar sauran marsupials ba, alal misali, kangaroo, amma a dawo wutsiya, saboda jarirai waɗanda suke da jarirai suna da damar yin sauri da aljihunsu kuma sun jingina ga mahaifiyarsu tun bayan haifuwa.
Akwai nau'ikan marsupial Marten da aka sani:
- brindle
- dwarf
- Martine marsupial marten,
- Sabon Guinean
- tagulla janen marten,
- marina martin.
Mafi girma shine tiger marsupial marten, matsakaicin nauyin waɗannan dabbobin shine kusan kilo 5. Kalli quolla ba wai kawai ba a hoto - kusan kwanan nan, an kawo dabbobi zuwa Zoo na Moscow, inda suka samo asali daga Leipzig - a can suna aiki don kiwon dabbobin nan a cikin bauta, kuma sun riga sun sami nasarar fara kiwo.
13.07.2018
Quolls ko gargadi marten marten (Dasyurus viverrinus) ya ɓace gab da ƙasar Australiya a shekarun 1960, ya tsira ne kawai a tsibirin Tasmania.
Sau ɗaya a cikin lokaci, kusurwa sun bazu a kudu maso gabashin Ostiraliya, amma annoba da ba a sani ba, kisan kare-dangi da baƙi da lalata tattalin arzikin mazauninsu ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa wannan nau'in ya kusan ɓace. Haka kuma dawakai da martaba da kare, da karnuka da aka kawo cikin yankin Green a karni na 20.
A watan Maris na wannan shekara, an yi ƙoƙari a Ostiraliya don sake farfado da (sake farawa yawan jama'a) corolla da An saki 20 masu martaba biyu a cikin Booderee National Park Reserve kudu da Sydney.
Kwanan nan ya zama sananne cewa mata uku daga wannan yawan sun haifi 'yan mata kuma yanzu suna ɗaukar su a cikin jikunansu a cikin ƙananan ciki. Da farko dai, wannan yana nuna cewa Kwolls yana son yanayin rayuwa a cikin ajiyar. Kawasaki na National Park, wanda ke nufin akwai bege cewa nan gaba ma za a iya samun ƙarin sa therean can kuma yunƙurin sake haɓaka zai yi nasara.
A Ostiraliya, wannan ita ce farkon nasarar nasara game da sake haifar da lalatattun kayan maye, kuma an shirya shirye-shirye. Shekaru 15.
Ga kowace dabba da aka saki a cikin ajiyar kaya, ana saka abin wuya na GPS kuma masu kulawa zasu iya kowane lokaci waƙa inda daskararrun dabbobi ke.
Idan wani daga kwall ya bar yankin ajiyar wuri kuma ya nufi ƙauyukan ɗan adam ko hanyoyi, da sun same su kuma sun dawo da shi.
Kvolls ƙananan dabbobi ne girman karamin cat, ba su da nauyi fiye da kilogram 1.5, kuma ba su wuce 60 cm a tsayi (tare da wutsiya). Fatar fata ko launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi ne da ko da fararen fata ne, kuma a gaba ɗaya bayyanar kwatancen ya zama kamar gicciye tsakanin zomaye da kangaroos mai gajarta (kvokki).
Yawancin lokaci, ana yin kwatancen kwatancen da ferrets, Martens ko mongooses, kuma hakika, a bayyanar waɗannan dabbobi zaka iya samun sifofin kowane ɗayan waɗannan dabbobi.
Kvolls suna jagorancin rayuwar rayuwa, kuma a cikin rana suna ɓoye ɓoyewa, ɓarna na dutse ko manyan bishiyoyi. Abin sha'awa, kowane dabba yana da mafaka da yawa, suna canzawa daga wannan tsari zuwa wani.
Kvolls sun fi son yanayin rayuwa da haɗuwa da abokan tarayya kawai a lokacin lokacin kiwo. Suna kare yankinsu daga mamayewar 'yan uwansu ta hanyar ihu da ihu.
Kvolls suna ciyar da yawancin kwari, tsuntsayen da beraye, amma wani lokacin basa ƙin ɗaukar kaya. Hakanan da yardar rai a kan 'ya'yan itatuwa, berries, matasa harbe da ganye.
Mata suna haihuwar jariran su kamar sati uku. An haife su ƙanana da marasa ƙarfi - 0.5 cm a girma kuma suna yin nauyi milligrams da yawa!
Tsarin ban sha'awa yana da jigon brood na mace mai ƙwanƙwasa - yana buɗewa ba kamar yawancin dabbobi masu barna ba, kamar na kangaroo, amma a dawo wutsiya saboda jariri jarirai da sauri zasu iya shiga jaka su tsaya ga uwa.
Yawancin lokaci ana haihuwar jarirai 4 zuwa 8, amma wani lokacin za'a iya samun dozin. Makonnin farko na 8-10, kodan suka girma a cikin jakar mahaifiyar, sannan kuma su koma bayanta.
Cuba babyan jarirai sun fara samun abinci da kansu lokacin da suke da watanni 4-5, kuma har ya zuwa shekara ta zama balaga. Matasa da yawa da yawa waɗanda suka bar mahaifiyarsu kwanan nan suka mutu a cikin daji.
Manoman Australia na dogon lokaci suna ɗaukar su kwari, da ke lalata kuɗaɗen kaji har ma da ƙarewa. Kvall zai iya fahimtar makomar Tilacin da ya lalace - karnukan wolf na Tasmania, idan ba don rayayyun jama'a da ke Tasmania da ke da cunkoso ba.
Yanzu an jera nau'in cikin Jerin Rukunin IUCN tare da matsayin "A cikin jihar kusa da barazanar."
Af, rakodin suna rayuwa ba wai kawai a cikin gandun daji ba, har ma a cikin wuraren kiwo, ciyawar mai tsayi a kan tuddai da kwarin kogi. Wadannan dabbobin suna ciyar da yawancin rayuwarsu a duniya, suna hawa bishiyoyi ba da son rai ba, ba ya aiki sosai a gare su.
Waɗannan dabbobi ne masu rauni amma a cikin daji suna rayuwa a matsakaici daga shekaru 3 zuwa 5. A wasu wuraren dabbobi wasu lokuta har tsawon shekaru 7.
Kvoll salon rayuwa da mazauninsu
Yawancin nau'ikan Quolls sun fito ne daga Ostiraliya da Tasmania; a cikin New Guinea, tagulla da marsupials na Guinea suna rayuwa. Abin takaici, a Ostiraliya, ramukewar, saboda dalilai daban-daban, kusan ba su tsira ba - galibi dabbobi suna zaune a yankin tsibirin Tasmania.
A farkon karni na 20, lambobinsu sun ragu sosai sakamakon annoba. Bugu da kari, a cikin karni na karshe, manoma sun lalata filayen kwatankwacinsu saboda takura su akan kaji da zomaye.
Zuwa yau, duk jerin abubuwan Ostireliya suna cikin jerin litattafan International Red Book kamar suna da kusanci ga mawuyacin hali. Ana yin ƙoƙari don maimaita lambobin waɗannan dabbobin da ke iya mutuwa.
Quoll ya zauna Ba wai kawai a cikin gandun daji ba, ana samun shi a cikin makiyayazu da ciyaddir mai ban sha'awa, a cikin wuraren lalatattun kwari da kwaruruka na kogi, a cikin tsaunuka. Da zarar lokaci guda, da corvles da farin ciki zaunar da su koda a cikin zane a cikin gida mai zaman kansa.
Kvoll - dabba dare. Da rana tana ɓoyewa a cikin wuraren mafaka, waɗanda ɓarna na bishiyoyi, ɓarna na dutse ko ɓarkewa, da farauta da dare. Gaskiya mai ban mamaki - kowane dabba, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana da ramuka da yawa a lokaci daya, "yana motsawa" bi da bi daga wannan zuwa wancan.
Godiya ga ingantattun dabbobin da kuma dogon wutsiya mai sassauƙa, marsupial marten yayi kyau hawa bishiyoyi, duk da haka, baya jin daɗin yin shi da yawa, ya fi son salon rayuwar ƙasa - dabbobin suna gudu da sauri kuma suna tsalle da kyau. Wannan dabba ce mai matukar aiki, agile da sauri.
Kwall ya mallaki minks da yawa lokaci guda
Kvolls ba sa rayuwa cikin rukuni - bisa ga dabi'arsu ba su da aure, kowannensu yana kishin yankin nasa tare da tsawa da kuka. Ana samun Quolls ne kawai a lokacin lokacin mating.
Manyan masu fafatukar kare martabar dabbobi sune kuliyoyin daji, karnuka da dawakai, waɗanda sukan kaiwa dabbobi hari yayin gwagwarmayar neman abinci, su mamaye su daga mazauninsu. Yawancin lokaci Quolls suna zama wadanda ke fama da shaidan Tasmania - kusancinsu.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Kvolls kusan iri ne: kwari da larvae, da ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, tsuntsaye da ƙwai tsuntsaye, dabbobi masu rarrafe, na iya zama ganima, ba zai zama da wahala a gare su su kashe kaji ba.
Quoll baya ƙin ɗaukar kaya, abincin da ba shi da ƙoshin abinci daga wasu magabatan. Dabbobin ba wai kawai kan abincin dabbobi bane - ba za su kula da cin korayen ciyawa ba, ganyayyaki, 'ya'yan itatuwa da rian andan itaciya.
Sake buguwa da tsawon rai
Lokacin aure na Kvolls yana farawa a cikin hunturu - wannan shine lokacin May-Agusta. Namiji ya sami mace ta wari - tana nuna alamar yankin ne, yana barin halayen da ba su da kyau. Maza a lokacin isa na mace-macen maza masu zafin hali ne, suna gwagwarmaya da masu gasa, kuma suna iya kashe mace. A karshen wasannin cin kwalliya sun gaji sosai.
Matar tana dauke da 'ya' yan kamar sati uku. An haife su kankanin, tsayin 5 mm kawai kuma suna yin kimanin milligram. An haife cub 4 zuwa 8, amma watakila ma'aurata ne dozin.
Adadin rayuwar ofan ta kai tsaye ya dogara ga wanda ya fara nasarar manne wa a kan nonon - mata kawai suke da 6. A cikin jaka, crumbs sun yi girma na kimanin makonni 8-9, sannan ƙoƙarin farko na barin mahaifiyar ko motsawa, ta manne a bayanta, ta fara.
A cikin hoto, 'quoll' tare da yayan
Suna koyon yadda zasu sami abincin kansu kusa da watanni 4-5, wani wuri kuma a lokaci guda sukan daina shan madarar uwa. A farkon rayuwa daban, ɗan ɗalibi yakan mutu sau da yawa. A shekarar da sandar ta girma, suna da lokacin balaga.
Kvoll - dabbobi masu rauni, a cikin yanayi basa rayuwa mai tsayi, a kusan kimanin shekaru 3-5. A cikin bauta, suna ɗaukar tushe da kyau kuma suna iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 7.
Haraji
Sunan Rasha - Marty Marsupial Marten (jakar)
Sunan Latin - Dasyurus viverrinus
Sunan Turanci - Kayan gabas
Kamewa - Asirin marsupials (Dasyuromorphia)
Iyali - Mallaka daga cikin ruwa (Dasyu idae)
Kyau - Spotted Marsupial Marten (Dasyurus)
Sunan Latin game da wannan nau'in, Viverrinus dasyurus, fassara a matsayin "dabba kamar Ferret-da wutsiya mai sheki".
Matsayi na iri a cikin yanayi
An jera jinsunan a cikin Littafin Layi na Duniya kamar yadda yake kusa da wuri mai sauƙi na UICN (Kusa da barazanar).
Doka ce ta kiyaye ta, amma duk da cewa a cikin jihar Tasmania, inda har yanzu jinsin ya zama ruwan dare, doka kan kareta bai fito ba tukuna.
Babban makiyan kwatancin barayin shanu ne, wadanda ke yin gwagwarmaya tare da su don neman abinci da kuma tserar da martabar marsupial daga mazauninsu na yau da kullun. Hare-tsaren karnuka, mutuwa a ƙarƙashin ƙafafun motoci, farauta ba bisa ƙa'ida ba ta amfani da abubuwan guba da tarkuna ma suna ba da gudummawa ga rage nau'in halittu. Ko yaya dai, dalilan da ke haifar da kwararar bakin hauren a yankin Australia ba a fayyace ba. Anyi nazarin ilmin halittar dabbobi da kyau sosai, amma ba za'a iya fada game da cututtukan waɗannan dabbobi ba. Barkewar cututtuka a cikin 1901-1903, ya haifar da, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, zuwa raguwa mai yawa ga yawan jinsin.
Wataƙila a Tasmania, nau'in ya ceci gaskiyar cewa babu dingos da foxs a cikin wannan jihar daga cikakkiyar nau'i.
A cikin yankin Australiya (Nielsen Park da ke kusa da Sydney Vaucluse), an karɓi kwafin karshe na wanda aka gani a ciki (motar da ta mutu) ta sami Janairu 31, 1963. Har zuwa 1999Ma’aikatar Kariya ta Yanayin Kasa ta yi ta fada akai-akai cewa sun ga dabbobi a kusa da Sydney, amma ba a tattara bayanan waɗannan bayanan ba. Gawarwakin da aka kama zuwa yamma da Melbourne (Victoria) ana iya danganta su da cibiyar bincike ta adana yanayi - waɗannan ko dai dabbobi ne da suka tsere daga wannan cibiyar, ko zuriyarsu. A cikin 2015, an saki karamin rukuni na kwalliya don sake haɓakawa a cikin yanki mai kariya kusa da Canberra (nahiyar).
Duba kuma mutum
A karo na farko, bayanin mai martaba mai ban mamaki ya bayyana a ƙarshen karni na 18 kuma matafiyi James Cook ne ya ba shi.
Bayan samun mulkin mallaka a Ostireliya, sai aka fara farautar kaji, da zomaye, kuma duk da cewa berayen da beraye su ma abin ya shafa, har yanzu manoma sun lalata su saboda lalata gidaje. Kasa da shekara ɗari da suka wuce, a cikin 1930s, martaban marten martaba sun kasance baƙi akai-akai a cikin lambunan Australians har ma suna zaune a cikin shinge na gidajen birni.
Yanzu suna ƙoƙarin tseratar da Kvolls kuma su dawo da su zuwa wuraren da suka zauna kwanan nan.
Rarraba da wuraren zama
Ana samun mafi yawanci a wurare da ke da zafi mai yawa da kuma ruwan sama mai yawa a shekara: a cikin gandun daji mai daɗin rai, kwarin kogin. A cikin Tasmania, ana samun kusurwa a cikin gandun daji da ba a saba da su ba, dazuzzukan daji, makiyaya, ciyayi, da kuma halittu iri daban-daban, ban da dazuzzuka masu zafi. Ya isa ga wuraren lalataccen ruwa, ciyayi mai ciyawa, ciyayi mai dausayi, da kuma daskararre, a wani tsauni na daga matakin teku zuwa mita 1,500.
A da, nau'in sun rayu a Tasmania da kuma a cikin Australiya ta asali - ciki har da Kudancin Ostireliya (daga gefen kudu na Flinders Ridge zuwa Fleurie Peninsula), jihohin Victoria da New South Wales zuwa tsakiyar gabar tekun arewa. A halin yanzu, an rage kewayon, bisa ga bayanan daban-daban, da kashi 50-90%. A halin yanzu, kwayar daji ba ta tsaya ba kawai a Tasmania da kuma tsibirin Bruni a cikin Tekun Tasman (inda aka gabatar da nau'in halittu). A Tasmania, corolla sun zama ruwan dare gama gari, amma ko a can, rarraba su shine mafi kusantar zama mai hankali.
Bayyanar
Kvoll karamin dabba ne, an kwatanta girmanta da cat. Ba abin mamaki bane cewa an fassara sunan Ingilishi na kowa ga jinsin: "cat cat na gabashin." Girman jikin mutum yakai 32-45 cm, mace tayi kankanta - 28-40 cm Tsawon wutsiya ga maza shine 20-28 cm, ga mace daga 17 zuwa 24 cm. Maza kuma kanada nauyin kadan-kadan daga 0.9 zuwa 2 kg, sannan kamar nauyin nauyin mace daga 0.7 zuwa 1.1 kg.
Waɗannan dabbobi ne masu tsoka da gajeru, gajeru. A yatsun kafa hudu na yatsunsu, yatsunsu na farko sun ɓace, wanda ke rarrabe ƙayyadaddun abubuwa daga wasu nau'in marsupials da aka zana. Shugaban kunkuntar, conical tare da nuna ƙanƙan da kai da kuma daidaita kunnuwa.
Launi mai kauri mai kauri na iya zama daban, daga kusan baki zuwa haske mai sauƙi. Akwai bambance-bambancen launi guda biyu: ɗayan ya fi sauƙi, rawaya mai launin shuɗi tare da farin ciki, ɗayan duhu, kusan baki, tare da ciki mai launin ruwan kasa. Canjin launin fitila ya zama ruwan dare gama gari, amma a cikin ɗayan litattafan, cubs na iya canza launi daban. Duk abin da launi na Jawo, abin kwaikwaya a cikin nau'i na farin aibobi tare da diamita na 5 zuwa 20 mm yana warwatse ko'ina cikin jiki, ban da wutsiya. Wutsiya tana da tsayi, mai sanyi, tare da farin tip.
Mace suna da ɗan ƙaramin aljihu wanda ya haɗu tare da Jawo wanda aka sanya ta tsakanin fatar jiki. A lokacin kumburin ciki, aljihun ya karu, aljihun 6 ko 8 sun zama a bayyane a ciki, waɗanda ke daɗaɗa kuma suna fara aiki kawai idan an haɗa da ɗan maraƙin. Bayan cuban sandunan sun bar jakar, ƙirjin ya sake girma cikin girman.
Rayuwa & Halayyar zamantakewa
Kvolls sun gwammace su zauna shi kaɗai. Waɗannan atorsarurrukan dabbobi ne marasa hangen nesa waɗanda suke farauta a ƙasa kuma gabaɗaya, kodayake suna hawa bishiyoyi daidai, suna iya tsallakewa.
Olwanƙolin rana yana kwana cikin ɓarna, ɓarna a tsakanin duwatsu ko maɓuɓɓugan itace. Babbar burbushinsu yana da sauki, ba tare da rassa da kuma fita ta biyu ba, kodayake wasu lokuta sun fi rikitarwa, tare da ɗakunan makoki guda ɗaya ko sama da ciyawa. Kowane Quoll yana da ramuka da yawa, yawanci ba su wuce biyar, kuma yana amfani da su a lokaci guda.
Dabbobi suna ƙoƙarin guje wa juna, duk da cewa wasu lokuta masu bincike suna haɗuwa da nau'i-nau'i daga mata masu balaga biyu. Kowane shiri na manya manya ne kuma kadada 35 na mace da kuma kadada 44 ga maza, kuma a lokacin tarawar yankin maza sun sami ƙaruwa sosai. Masu mallaka suna nuna iyakokin shafin tare da alamun wari.
Manya na tsoratar da baƙon baki ta wurin duban su da yin sautuka da yawa. Idan saboda wasu dalilai baƙon da ba a gayyace shi ba ya bar nan da nan, maigidan ya sauya daga matakan hana kai wa hari - yana tashi zuwa kafafunsa na baya, yana bin abokan gaba kuma yana ƙoƙarin cizo.
Kiwo da zuriya
Kwolls ya fara asali a farkon hunturu, daga Mayu zuwa Agusta. Bayan samun ciki ya kasance ranakun 20 zuwa 20 (kamar tsawon kwana 21), mace ta haihu yakai 4-8. A wasu lokuta litter yana da kimanin cubs 30,
Koyaya, tana da nono 6 kawai a cikin jakarta, don haka kawai thean jarirai na farko su tsira - waɗanda suka yi nasarar zuwa jakar kuma sun kama kan nonon. Bayan makonni 8, 'Ya'yan suna barin jaka kuma tsawon lokacin farauta mata suna samun mafaka a cikin kogon. Idan ya cancanta, mace ta ɗauke su a bayan ta. Lokacin da shekaru 10 ke ciki, yaran sun bar jakar, kuma mace ta bar su a cikin rami da aka rufe ko rami, kuma sai ta fara tafiya don farauta ko neman abinci. Idan saboda wasu dalilai kuna buƙatar matsawa zuwa wani rami, mace tana ɗaukar thean sandunan a bayan ta.
A lokacin da ya kai watanni biyar, a kusan karshen Nuwamba, lokacin da akwai wadataccen abinci, matasa sun fara cin abinci da kansu. Yayinda mace ke kula da yara, adadin mace-macen su yayi kadan. Koyaya, dabbobin da ke girma sun watse, kuma a farkon watannin rayuwa mai 'yanci, mutane da yawa suna mutuwa.
Kvolla ya isa balaga har zuwa ƙarshen shekarar farko.
Dabbobin a Zoo na Moscow
A cikin gidan wasan dabbobi na Moscow, mai martaba mai martaba ya bayyana kwanan nan, a cikin 2015. Kafin wannan, babu corolla a cikin kowane gidan binciken na Rasha.
Don adana baƙin mahaukatan daga rugujewa, an yanke shawarar yin ƙoƙarin koyon yadda za a kiyaye da kuma haifar da su cikin kamammu. Wannan ya faru ne daga masana binciken dabbobi a cikin gidan zu na Leipzig (Jamus). Ayyukan su an kambi tare da nasara - kullun kwayoyinsu suna haifar da kullun kuma suna jin daɗi. Shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, ma'aikatanmu suna cikin Leipzig, kuma suna son waɗannan kyawawan marsupials sosai har sun fara gano ko yana yiwuwa a same su a Zoo na Moscow. Ba sauki ba ne. Tabbas, don samun damar ciyar da wani nau'in dabba, zoo dole ne ya fara tabbatar da cewa yana da ikon ƙirƙirar duk yanayin da ake buƙata. Dangane da quolls, a gare su, alal misali, yana da matukar muhimmanci kada a keta sifofin halayyar hasken Ostareliya, saboda in ba haka ba matan wannan nau'in sun gushe. Gidan shakatawa na Moscow ya sami damar cika dukkan bukatun abokan aikinta na Jamusawa, kuma an sanya shi akan layi: munyi nesa da masu neman kawai na waɗannan dabbobin da ke da lalacewa, saboda ban da Leipzig, ana samun lafuzan gabbai a cikin fewan Turai kawai. Har yanzu ba a kawo su ƙasarmu ba, kuma Gidan Zoo na Moscow shine farkon a cikin dukkanin wuraren buɗe ido na Rasha don karɓar karɓar maraƙin marten marten.
Kvola ya isa Yuni na 2015. Kuma masu yawa kamar guda shida! Maza biyu da mata hudu, wanda ɗayansu sun riga sun tsufa kuma da wuya ya shiga cikin kiwo. Lokacin da dabbobin suka isa Moscow, lokacin kiworsu ya kusan kusa. Amma ga mamakinmu, bayan wani lokaci, an yi rikodin mating, don marsupial martens zai iya ɗaukar sa'o'i da yawa, don haka ba wuya ga ma'aikatan gidan zu da ke bincika dabbobinsu a kai a kai don lura da shi. Yayin saduwar mace, namiji da yatsunsa na gaban yana riƙe da mace ta gefuna, kuma ya kama haƙoran a ƙoshin sa, yana da ƙarfi sosai cewa mace ta faɗi daga wuyanta har ma tana iya ƙirƙirar ƙaramin rauni (ga abokan aikin Ostiraliya wannan alama ce ta cin nasarar canjin). Bayan balaga, Mun shuka mace daban don kada wani ya dame ta. Tsawan lokacin daukar ciki a cikin kwancen gabashi shine kwanaki 20 - 20, kamar yadda a cikin duka marsupials, an haifi 'yan maruƙa a cikin girman 5 mm kawai kuma nauyin 12.5 MG. Ko ta yaya, waɗannan "kusan tayi" suna sarrafawa don shiga cikin jakar mahaifiyarsu da kansu. Kuma a watan Yuli mun ga 'yan ƙanana a cikin jaka! Sun kasance kankane sosai cewa a farkon bincike na jaka, suna tsoron tsoratar da karamar yarinyar na dogon lokaci, baza mu iya ƙidaya su ba. Bayan haka, sai aka juya cewa akwai wasu 'yan ƙwaya biyar, wasu daga cikinsu baƙi ne, wasu kuma launin ruwan kasa (wanda ba abin mamaki bane, saboda mahaifiyarsu launin ruwan kasa ce kuma mahaifinsu baƙar fata ne). Amfrayo na iya samun tayi tayi sama da 30, amma tunda mace tana da ƙwaya shida ne, ba za ta iya ciyar da jarirai sama da shida ba. Don haka ya bayyana cewa yaran ne kawai ke tsira wadanda suka yi nasarar zama na farko da suka fara zuwa jakar mahaifiyar. Kowannensu yana haɗe da kan nono kuma ya zauna a cikin jaka na kimanin kwanaki 60-65. Wool a cikin jarirai ya bayyana yana da shekaru 51-59, idanu a buɗe a cikin kwanaki 79-80, hakora sun fara farawa da kimanin kwanaki 90. Daga kusan kwanaki 85, lokacinda 'ya' yayansu sun cika gashi, amma kuma sun dogara da mahaifiyarsu, sukan fara fita da ita a farauta ta dare. A lokaci guda, sukan manne a bayan mace, amma sannu a hankali daidaituwa na motsi ya inganta, kuma sun sami 'yanci. Lokacin da aka cika shekara 105, sai 'ya' yayan suka fara cin abinci mai tsoka, amma mace na ci gaba da ciyar da su madara tsawon kwanaki 150-165. A dabi'ance, mace-macen yara ƙanƙanta ne, yayin da suke tare da mahaifiyarsu, amma yana ƙaruwa sosai a cikin watanni 6 na farkon rayuwarsu mai 'yanci. A ƙarshen shekara ta farko, ƙuruciya matasa suka zama balaga. Gabaɗaya, rayuwarsu ta ɗan gajere ne idan aka kwatanta da dabbobi masu shayarwa masu girman daidai. A cikin wuraren kiwon dabbobi, maharan marsupial suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 5-7, amma a cikin yanayin basa rayuwa sama da 3-4. Don haka, matan 1-2 na shekaru yawanci sukan shiga cikin kiwo (a shekaru 3 an riga an dauke su sun manyanta).
Yanzu dukkanin yaran namu biyar sunada kama da manya. Sun kasance sun shahara gabaɗaya - ko da yake sun dogara ga waɗanda suke ciyar da su. Yanzu an nuna maka a cikin "Duniyar Dare" zaka iya ganin samari uku maza masu aiki da ƙarfi.
Mun kawo muku wata waka da aka sadaukar don taken wanda mawaki dan Australia David Wonsbrough ya rubuta daga Rayayyen Rayuwa na Australiya.
Marten marsupial KVOLL babban aristocrat ne.
Ya so kansa da kansa ya sami yankin da yake murna da zama.
Rayuwa a Vaucluse *, gwargwadon tsarin tsarin **.
Amma lokaci ya canza - kuma yaya rayuwar ta kasance mummunan!
A kusa da ɓatattun kuliyoyi, kuma da farkon duhu
Akwai motoci da yawa da Kwall ke rawar jiki:
"Wannan kallon zai buga min wasa kamar kwallon kafa.
Kuma waɗannan kuliyoyin marasa kyau ne - da kyau, wane irin halitta, ba tare da jaka ba!
Ku zo nan kawai.
Koll ya yi ajiyar zuciya yana cewa: “Tunanina mai sauki ne:
Ina jin tsoron mafi kyawun wurare za su rushe wannan rab! ”
* Vaucluse gundumar ce a Sydney, inda a cikin shekarun 1960, har ila yau maƙallan sun haɗu.