Leopon (Panthera pardus × Panthera leo, Turanci Leopon) - wani tsiro na damisa namiji da zaki mace. Suna kiyaye bayyanar zaki, kasancewarsa rage kwafin - kai karami ne, launuka masu launin shuɗi kenan a jikin mutum. A kan wutsiya akwai tsiro na fur, kamar na zaki.
Leopon yana kama da na zaki, yayin da sauran jikin ke kama da damisa. A cikin girman, leopons sun fi girma da damisa, amma ƙasa da zaki. Leopons na maza suna iya samun rawar kafa kusan 20 cm, amma yana da saukin magana. Leopons suna da launin shuɗi (baƙar fata baƙar fata) da wutsiyoyi da buroshi kamar na zakuna.
Leopon yana kama da na zaki, yayin da sauran jikin ke kama da damisa. A cikin girman, leopons sun fi girma da damisa, amma ƙasa da zaki. Maɗaukaki na maza na iya samun dunƙule kusan 20 cm. Leopons suna da launin ruwan kasa (mara galibi baki) tabe-baki da wutsiyoyi da buroshi kamar na zakuna.
Na farko da aka rubuta rubuce-rubucen kisan gilla ya faru a Indiya a cikin 1910. A cikin 1910, an haifi wasu manyan leopons guda biyu a Bombay. Ofayansu ya mutu yana da shekara 2.5. Milard, sakataren ƙungiyar Labaran Tarihi a Bombay, ya aika fatar dabbar zuwa R. Pocock, masanin ilimin dabbobi na Biritaniya wanda ya fara bayanin dabbar a 1912. Pocock ya rubuta cewa dabbar tana kama da damisa, amma tabo a gefenta sunyi karami da kusanci da juna ba tare da damisa ta Indiya ba kuma launin ruwan kasa da daskararre, kamar tabo na wani karamin zaki. Nunin da ke kan kai, baya, ciki da kafafu baƙaƙu ne kuma manya-manya ne.
Asali
Na farko da aka gurfanar dashi game da haihuwar leopon ya faru ne a Indiya a cikin 1910, a cikin Nuwamba. An haife wasu matasa leopons guda biyu a cikin garin Kolhapur na Bombay na Indiya, kuma ba a iya kafa asalin wadannan leopons biyu ba.
Ofayansu ya mutu yana da shekara 2.5. Milard, sakataren ƙungiyar Tarihin Halittar Al'umma a Bombay, ya aika fatar dabbar zuwa Reginald Pocock, masanin ilimin dabbobi na Ingila. Cuban na biyu ya tsira kuma Pocock ya bayyana shi a cikin 1912. Pocock ya rubuta cewa dabbar tana kama da damisa, amma tabo a gefenta sunyi karami da kusanci da juna ba tare da damisa ta Indiya ba kuma launin ruwan kasa da daskararre, kamar tabo na wani karamin zaki. Nunin da ke kan kai, baya, ciki da kafafu sun kasance baƙi kuma suna da bambanci a ciki. An hango wutsiya a saman kuma ta daɗaɗa a ƙasa, ƙare tare da goge na ulu baƙi. Labarin ya kasance datti fari ne, kunnuwa suna da faffadar baki, amma babu wani farin fari kamar damisa. Kwancen fata da fata na leopon daga Kolhapur ana ajiye su a cikin Gidan kayan tarihi na Biritaniya.Yanzu, masanin kimiyya yana yin karatun ɗalibi a hankali yana nazarin kimiyyar leopon.
Suttura don sharar kiwoyoyi sun kama dabbobi a Turai, musamman, Italiya da Jamus, har ma sun ƙaura zuwa ƙasashen waje. Karl Hagenbeck, wanda ya ba da bayanin nau'ikan halittu daban-daban, ya yi bikin haihuwar leopons a cikin Hamburg Zoo na Jamus, amma babu ɗayansu da ya tsira zuwa balaga. A cikin ajiyar Japan a tsibirin Honshu, masana kimiyya sun cimma babbar nasara idan aka kwatanta su da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na Jamusanci, inda duk leopons da aka Haifa suka mutu tun yana ƙarami. Litattafan farko an haife su ne a cikin 1959, kuma leopon na ƙarshe ya mutu a 1985. Leopons an buge su a Koshien Hanshin Park a cikin garin Nishinomiya na kasar Japan. Wata matar zaki mai suna Sonoko ta tsallaka da damisa mai suna Kaneo. Borna firstan farko na 'yan kunar bakin waken guda 2 sun haihu ne a cikin 1959 sannan kuma aka haifi ƙarin 3 a 1962. Jiki ya kasance mai rauni kuma na ƙarshe ya mutu a 1985.
Wani abu game da kwatancin da bayyanar
Daga bayanin kwatankwacin kuliyoyin da aka adana a cikin gidan Japan, an san cewa leopons na gida sun fi girma da damisa kuma haɗe siffofin iyayen biyu. Launin su launin launin fata ne (maimakon baƙar fata), wutsiyoyi sun kasance tassels, kuma maza sun yi saurin girma, har zuwa santimita 20 a tsayi, mane. Duk leopons sun hau kan bishiyoyi daidai kuma sun kwashe lokaci mai yawa a cikin ruwa. Masu sauraro da suka ga wannan abin mamakin na halitta sun yi farin ciki, amma ba a yarda da irin wannan gwaje-gwajen ba a cikin jama'ar kimiyya.
Leopon yana da physique tsoka sosai.Bayan da wasu sharuɗɗan suka tabbatar, leopon yana da ƙarfi fiye da wanda ya fi girma ɗan farauta - damisa.
Maimaitawar halittar leopons
An fara shari'ar farko a shekarar 1910 a Indiya, a cikin garin Kolhapur. Matar ta haife jarirai guda biyu. Wani leopon ya mutu yana da watanni 2.5. An aika da fata na wannan ƙwal ga masanin binciken dabbobi na Ingila Reginald Pocock.
Na farko da aka rubuta rubuce-rubucen kisan gilla ya faru a Indiya a cikin 1910.
Wani ɗan akuya ya tsira, kuma a cikin 1912, Pocock ya bayyana shi. Ya lura cewa leopon yana da fasali na gama gari tare da damisa, amma yana da ƙananan aibobi a bangarorin kuma sun kusanci da juna, bugu da ƙari, suna da haya, launin ruwan kasa a launi. A baya, kai, kafafu da ciki akwai bakuna launin baƙi daban-daban masu girma dabam. Wutsiya a cikin ɓangaren ɓangaren tayi mai ɗanɗano kuma an ɗora a ƙasa, an yiwa darajarta ado tare da buɗaɗɗen ulu na ulu. Akwai wani bakar fata a kunnuwa, amma babu wani farin fari da damisa ke da shi. Underwallan da aka kashe yana fari-fari. Hanyar ɓoye da kwanyar da ke cikin matasan suna cikin Gidan kayan tarihi na Biritaniya.
Rayuwar Leopon a cikin gidan zoos
Unguwar Turai ce ta dauki kayan ado don kiwo leopons. Sun shahara musamman a Jamus da Italiya har ma sun haye teku. Masanin kimiyya Karl Hagenbeck ya bayyana nau'ikan halittu masu hade da kuma sanya idanu kan haihuwar jarirai a Zoo. Amma, abin kash, ba a sami tsinkaye ɗaya da ya kai ga balaga ba.
Maɗaukaki na maza na iya samun dunƙule kusan 20 cm.
A ajiyar, wanda ke tsibirin Honshu, masana kimiyya sun yi nasarar samun sakamako mafi kyau sosai fiye da wuraren kiwon dabbobi na Jamusanci, waɗanda leopons suka mutu a lokacin ƙuruciya ko lokacin samartaka. A cikin gidan yananan, an haifi yaran farko a shekarar 1959 kuma daga karshe leopons ya rayu har zuwa 1985. A gidan zu, wani damisa na miji, mai suna Kaneo, an tsallaka shi da zakin mace, wanda Sonoko ya lalata.
Mace ta haihuwar dangin farko biyu a 1959, kuma a cikin 1962 an kara haihuwa jarirai 3. A sakamakon hybrids ba zai iya haihuwa, sun kasance bakararre daga haihuwa. Lastarshen leopons ya mutu a 1985.
Tsawon tsintsin mace ya kai mita 1.4-1.6, maza - zuwa mita 1.6-2.4.
Leopons sunfi girma da damisa girma, amma akwai 'yan zakuna kadan.
A cikin zanan Jafananci, an baiyana masu cin abincin dabbobi, wanda daga bayyane yake cewa sunfi girma da damisa kuma an haɗa abubuwa na waje na masana'antun a ciki. Launin launuka ba baki bane, amma launin ruwan kasa, maza basu da kauri mai kusan santimita 20, kuma akwai ƙusoshin a ƙarshen wutsiyoyin.
Leopons na iya hawa bishiyoyi daidai, kuma kuma, suna iya iyo na dogon lokaci a ruwa. Jama'a da gaske suna son wannan mu'ujiza ta yanayi, amma a fagen ilimin kimiyya cewa wannan jumlar ba ta sami karbuwa ba.
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Tsari
Namiji | Mace | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
zaki | Tiger | Leopard | Jaguar | Liger | Tigrolev | Cougar | |
zaki | Zaki_zoo_antwerp_1280.jpg "> zaki | Ligr.jpg "> Liger | Ina bukatan kwatanci Lepard | Ina bukatan kwatanci Legoire | Ina bukatan kwatanci Leligre | Ina bukatan kwatanci Letrolev | ? |
Tiger | Tigon.jpg "> Tigrolev | Tiger.jpg "> Tiger | Ina bukatan kwatanci Tigard | Tiguar.jpg "> Tiguar | Tiliger.jpg "> Tiliger | ? | |
Leopard | Leopon.jpg "> Leopon | Ina bukatan kwatanci Doga | Leopard.jpg "> Leopard | Leguar.jpg "> Lepyag | ? | ||
Jaguar | Jaglion.jpg "> Yaglev | Ina bukatan kwatanci Jagr | Jagupard.jpg "> Jagupard | Jaguar.jpg "> Jaguar | ? | ||
Liger | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Tigrolev | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Cougar | ? | ? | Pumapard.jpg "> Pumapard | ? | ? | ? | Puma.jpg "> Cougar |
Haihuwar zaki da kuma tsari na maza
Ga dangin zaki, yana da matukar mahimmanci ko mahaifin zaki ya kasance uwa ko uba, saboda wannan yana shafar girman zuriya. Wannan shi ne saboda zaɓin yanayi a cikin ɗakin zakin. Zakin mace na iya haihuwar zuriya daga yawancin zaki a lokaci daya (musamman idan da yawa zakuna sun raba iko da girman kai). Kowane uba yana da sha'awar cewa 'ya'yansa maza ne waɗanda aka haife su kuma su sami damar rayuwa. Tsakanin maza akwai zaɓi na ɗabi'a a madadin zakuna, waɗanda zuriyarsu ke girma, yana rage damar ofan wasannin. Mace, ya yi akasin haka, tana da sha'awar adana duk zuriya, kuma zaɓi na dabi'a yana ƙaunar mata ne waɗanda kwayoyin halitta suke tsayayya da haɓakar ɗan tayi kuma rage shi. A cikin sauran abubuwan zamantakewa ba wannan tsarin ba ya tare, saboda haka, ofa lan zakuna sun sami girma da yardar kansu, kuma ofa lionan zaki sun haife su fiye da yadda ake tsammani.
1. Liger - wani zaki ne da damisa
Liger ya haife shi da damisa daga zaki zaki. An sani cewa a yanzu haka wanzuwar wando ne kawai cikin suturtawa, bred artificially. Hoton ya nuna wani katon Hercules mai nauyin kilogram 410. Kuma wannan ba shine mafi girman misali ba: a cikin 1973, an yi amfani da huhun mai nauyin kilogram 798. A cikin yanayi, irin wannan matasan ba ya faruwa, saboda feline kamar zaki da damisa, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna rayuwa ne a cikin wurare daban-daban.
8. Savannah - wata bishiyar gida da ta Afirka
Wakilan wannan cat da aka kera keɓaɓɓu a cikin Amurka a cikin 80s na karni na karshe. Masu shayarwa sunyi kokarin ƙirƙirar babban cat tare da hankali mai zurfi. A sakamakon haka, savannah tana nauyin kilogram 15 kuma ta kai 60 cm a cikin tsawon shekaru 3. Ya bambanta da wasu a wasu halaye na kare, alal misali, tsarkake ibada ga maigidan, yana jan wutsiyarsa da rashin tsoron ruwa.