Iyali na Rainbow shine kifin ruwa mai tsafta na asalin Australiya, Indonesia, da New Guinea. Wararren fasali na duka iyali - wakilan sa suna zane a ƙofofin, launuka masu launuka. Duk kifayen suna da kwanciyar hankali, basu da ma'ana a cikin abun ciki. Ruwan ruwan kifaye na ruwan tabarau ya zama tsauraran tsari a wuraren kiwon dabbobi, kifaye masu yawa basu da arha. Na biyu sunan kifin shine melanotenia.
Bambancin, abubuwan gama gari na dukkan irises jiki ne mai zagaye wanda yake da bangaye biyu. Finfin dorsal dogo ne, an kasu kashi biyu: babba da ƙarami. Fin fin din ma yana da tsayi kuma daidai ne yana a cikin mahaifa. An hana fin fin farin. Ruwan ruwan sama na akwatin kifaye suna da nau'ikan halittu waɗanda suka sha bamban da halayen ilimin halittar mutum. Tsawon jiki a matsakaicin 5-15 cm, maza sun fi maza girma. Suna zaune a cikin fursuna na shekaru 5-8.
Tarihi na nau'in halitta da mazauninsu, kwatankwacinsu
Rainbow iris shine mai kamun kifi na halittar Melanotenia. Theasar haihuwar waɗannan mazaunan ruwa ƙananan tafkuna ne na Ostiraliya da New Zealand, amma a yau sun cika ko'ina cikin duniya.
A cikin akwatin kifaye, iris ya bayyana a ƙarni na 19 kuma a ƙarshen ƙarshen sa ne aka gabatar da shi zuwa Turai.
Wannan karamin kifin, bai wuce 5-6 cm a tsayi ba, kodayake a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi wasu samfuran samfurori sun yi girma zuwa 15-16 cm.
Sikeli na rayukan kifayen ƙanƙane kuma mai launin haske. Siffar jikin ta ya fi kama da nau'in kifin kifi - kusan zagaye kuma yana birgewa daga bangarorin. A kan karamin kai manyan idanu masu bayyana.
Muhimmin fasalin wannan iris shine kadarin sikirinsa don haskakawa da haske da safe, da yamma launuka suna shuɗewa.
Atherina nigrans shine sunan gama gari don iris, kuma akwai iri da yawa a cikin wannan dangin.
Wannan masaniyar masaniyar kimiyyar halittar dabbobi John Richardson ce aka fara bayyana shi a 1834, kodayake bayan doguwar tattaunawa na kimiyya, an ware dangi na iris kawai a shekarar 1964 (aiki ne daga Jan Monroe).
Melanotaeniidae yana nufin kintinkiri na baki. Wannan sunan asalin halittar shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a kusan dukkan nau'ikan iris, wani yanki mai duhu ya ratsa jiki.
Hoto kifin iris:
Yawancin lokaci suna zaune a cikin koguna na Australiya waɗanda ke gudana a cikin gandun daji da tsaunuka, a cikin ƙananan tafkuna da kwari mai yawa, ƙananan kwari masu narkewa. Hakanan ana samun su a tsibiran Indonesiya da Papua New Guinea. A yau, wannan yanayin da muke ciki yana mutuwa kuma yawancin raƙuman ruwa ba zasu taɓa gano su ba, kawai sun shuɗe daga fuskar duniya.
A cikin daji, waɗannan kifayen suna fuskantar babban zazzabi - daga + 4 ... + 11 ° C a cikin hunturu zuwa +36 ° C a lokacin rani. Amma a cikin mazaunin wucin gadi suna da mummunar alaƙa da bambancin yanayin zafi, sau da yawa suna yin rashin lafiya.
Kifayen bakan gizo
Iris shine mu'ujiza na akwatin kifin gida.
Kifayen bakan gizo, ko iris - Iyali masu ban sha'awa ne da kuma babban kifin ruwan kifin, yan asalin Australia ne, New Guinea da Indonesia.
Wadannan kwanciyar hankali kuma ba a fassara su a cikin abubuwan halitta sun sami sanannensu tsakanin masu neman ruwa a jallo kwanan nan, a ƙarshen karni na 20. Koyaya, a karo na farko, ƙari Shekaru 150 baya! Sunan mahaifi (Melanotaeniidae) ana fassara shi azaman "kaset na baki", tunda galibi yawancin jinsin akwai wani abu mai duhu ko kuma maras nauyi a jikin kifin.
Wani sanannen suna shine iris , sun samo saboda daidaiton launi, suna sake maimaita bakan gizo. A cikin canza launi, ana samun mafi yawan tabarau da haɗuwa da launuka masu haske! Mafi kyawun haske mai launi, wani lokacin ma wani “ƙanjirin acid” na ƙoshin ma'auni, ana ganinsa da safe. Da maraice, haske yana faduwa a hankali kuma yana raguwa. Haɗin launuka na asali da haske neon ya juya waɗannan kifayen su zama abin ado na kowane akwatin ruwan kifaye. Wannan hakika yana ɗaya daga cikin kyawawan kifayen kifayen masu ban sha'awa da ban mamaki!
Kwanan nan, kyawun bakan gizo ya zama ɗayan shahararrun kifin kifayen ruwa.
Daga cikin mafi yawan ruwan kofofin ruwan kofa na yau da kullun, yawancin nau'ikan sun fito waje.
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Mafi kwanciyar hankali na bakan gizo. An canza launin launi a rabi - tare da tsawon kifin. Jiki na sama na kifayen yalwatacce ne, ciki kuma na iya samun inuwar kore ko azurfa. Wannan iris yana da kyau kyakkyawa, musamman sabanin ja.
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Wannan nau'in ya bambanta da danginsa a cikin sabon launi iri biyu na jiki da ƙonewa. Launi na farko akan jikin kifin shine launin toka-shuɗi. “Murmushi” da gaban jiki ana fentin a ciki. Insaƙwalwa da baya suna da lemo mai haske ko rawaya. Koyaya, launi ba mai ci gaba bane, amma cikin rukuni-ɗobi masu yawa - wannan yana haifar da mafi kyawun bayyananne da haske mai haske. Don haɓaka tasirin kifin mai haske, asalin a cikin akwatin kifaye ya kamata ya zama duhu, wutar kuma ta zama mai taushi da rarrabuwa.
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Abin al'ajabi da kyau da aristocratic. Launi na wannan kifin dukkan launuka ne na ruwan lemo-ja, mai mulufi mai haske, yayin da shi ma ya ke kyalli da zinariya! Mafi kunya da son dukkan irises, yana son tsire-tsire na cikin ruwa fiye da wasu.
Wasu wakilan wannan dangin sun bambanta ba kawai cikin launuka masu haske da bakan gizo ba, har ma a cikin sabon abu, wasu lokuta m, kamannin jiki da ƙusoshinsu. Wadannan ambaliyan ruwa ba su da mashahuri ga masu ruwa da tsakin ruwa saboda sun fi girman girman jiki, amma kuma suna da kyan gani da kyawu da kyawu:
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Lokacin kiyaye iris Wajibi ne a tuna da kuma lura da wasu abubuwan:
Duk iri riƙe da launi na musamman kawai ana batun kulawa ne kawai. Rashin tsarin zazzabi, rashin ciyarwa mara kyau, canjin ruwa mai saurin yanayi ko damuwa - duk wannan na iya haifar da zub da inuwa ko cikakkiyar launuka.
Mutane suna da ɗan ƙaramin bakin kuma suna cin abinci galibi a saman ruwa: da wuya su ɗaga abinci daga ƙasa. Dangane da wannan, dole ne a sarrafa adadin abincin da yake a fili ko kuma ya zama dole ne a shawo kan kasa sau da yawa, kodayake ana iya karawa a matsayin makwabta na masunta daban-daban, wanda zai cinye abincin da ya faɗo ƙasa.
Dukkanin dangin suna ciyar da iri da kuma abincin dabbobi. Za su yi farin ciki da samun farin jini, tubule, artemia da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Bai kamata a iyakance kawai ga abincin mutum ba, saboda wannan na iya cutar lafiyar kifin!
Iris - halittu marasa lahani da kwanciyar hankali, saboda haka sun gwammace wata al'umma da irin tasu. Godiya ga irin waɗannan halaye, sun dace kamar maƙwabta don mafi yawan kifin kifayen marasa kyan gani.
A dabi'ance, ba a ba da shawarar a kiyaye su tare da masu farautar aiki ko wasu kifaye ba tare da yanayin tashin hankali ba. Maƙwabta mara kyau suma za su zama kifin gwal, waƙoƙi da mazaunan artharium.
Abin takaici, a halin yanzu, lalacewar yanayin wadancan wakilan mambobin ruwa masu ruwa da yawa ana lalata su da yawa, kuma wasu nau'ikan suna bacewa.
Don wadannan halittu masu kyaun gani na kwarai don su faranta mana rai ba kawai a cikin tafkuna na gida ba, har ma a yanayi na zahiri, an bullo da wani shiri na musamman na matakai don adanawa da dawo da ire-iren wadannan dabbobi.
An jera sunayen ruwan sama a cikin Littafin Ruwan Ruwa kuma an haramta kamuwarsu a dabi'a!
Melanotenia na Axelrod
Matsakaicin tsayin jiki na wannan nau'in kifin bakan gizo shine cm 8-9 Jikin yana da tsayi, zinari ko tagulla a launi mai launin shuɗi mai haske mai shuɗi. Tumbi a cikin maza (sun fi girma kuma suna da haske) mai launin shuɗi ko rawaya, kuma ga mata a bayyane yake.
Pakisins's iris (Melanotaenia parkinsoni)
Wadannan mazaunan duniya na cikin ruwa kawai suna mamakin haske da launuka. Babban asalinsu jikinsu shine azurfa, amma manyan aibobi na yankan-launi ko launi mai ruwan lemo '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' kafafu ' Suna nan kusa da bayan sassan jikin.
Iriaterina Werner
Fishan ƙananan kifin bakan gizo (4-5 cm a cikin kiwo na akwatin kifaye, har zuwa 7-8 cm a cikin yanayin dabi'a) tare da jiki a cikin sautunan launin jan ciki da ƙyalƙyali mai walƙiya - wutsiya tana da kamannin launi, ƙyallen dorsal yana da tsayi, kuma ventral na da tsawo kuma mai jujjuyawa protrude nesa da wutsiya.
Melanotenia Bleher (Chilatherina bleheri)
Irises tare da isasshen kewayon tsawon jiki - daga 4 zuwa 11. cm gaban jikin da kawomin waɗannan kifayen ana fentin su a azir, launin kore, sautunan zinariya. Amma maza ne kawai masu haske, mata sune azirki ko ƙira. Umwaya yana ƙarami, m.
Blue ko humpback melanotenia (Melanotaenia splendida)
Tsawon jikin waɗannan kifaye ya kasance daga 7 zuwa 11. cm sanannu ne sanannu, waɗanda suka bambanta da tsarin launi:
- M. s. Splendida - tagulla na jiki da ruwan zulumi.
- M. s. Australis jiki ne mai launin shuɗi da ƙeƙasassun ja.
- M. s. Inornata - silvery, ƙyanƙyashe a alamomin ja.
Red aterins ko iris ciki (Glossolepis incisus)
Kifi mai haske, mai fenti a cikin sautunan ja masu ƙarfi tare da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaya. Wannan ya shafi maza waɗanda suka kai girman jiki aƙalla 5-7 cm .. Mace na launi mai zaitun mai launin zinare mai launin shuɗi.
Kulawa da Kulawa
Dole ne a adana ruwan bakan gizo a cikin garken, wanda adadin mutane 6-9 ne.
Don samar da waɗannan kifayen yanayin rayuwa mai kyau, dole ne a bi ka'idodin nan:
- Yakammen tanki ya zama sarari - lita 80-100 kuma ya kamata a zaɓi fifikon siffar mai siffar rectangular. Matsayi mai mahimmanci ba shi da mahimmanci, don haka shugabanin motsi na garken koyaushe yana kwance a kwance maimakon jiragen sama na tsaye.
- Yana da matukar muhimmanci a zaɓi filler ɗin da ya dace don ƙasa. Zai fi kyau su ƙananan ƙananan pebbles ko yashi mai kyau, saboda waɗannan kifayen suna da aiki sosai kuma abubuwa masu wuya na iya rauni. Zai fi kyau idan ƙasa ta yi duhu, kifin bakan gizo ya fi dacewa da tushenta. Don kayan ado, ya kamata ka kuma zaɓi kayan ba tare da gefuna mai kaifi ba.
- A bu mai kyau kar a zubar da ruwan tafkin wucin gadi tare da zane mai ado da tsire-tsire masu ruwa don barin isasshen ɗakin motsi na iris.
- Ya kamata a dasa tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi da girma a cikin filler na ƙasan. Zai fi kyau a sanya su kusa da bangon bangon na tanki don daga bangon da ke gaba kyauta ta motsa garken.
- Rainbows yana son haske, saboda haka yana da kyau a saita akwatin kifaye domin haskoki na rana su faɗi akan sa muddin dai zai yiwu. Hakanan wajibi ne don samar da hasken wutan lantarki don fadada hasken rana na sa'o'i 12.
- Tsarin ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance mai inganci. Ana ba da shawarar sabuntawar ruwa aƙalla 33% a mako. Jirgi ne kyawawa na isasshen ƙarfi, iris ƙauna da sauri.
- Matsayin ruwa wanda ya fi dacewa da kifin bakan gizo shine zazzabi + 23 ... + 27 ° C, tauri da acidity sun dogara da nau'ikan. Sauye sauye a cikin yanayin zafi ba kyawawa bane.
- Ingantaccen inganci yana da mahimmanci. Wadannan kifayen suna da matukar damuwa ga matakin oxygen a cikin ruwa. Tare da rashi, suna wahala, rigakafi yana raguwa, kuma mahimman matakai suna raguwa.
Ciyar da abinci
Kifayen bakan gizo sune wurare na al'ada. A cikin tafkin wucin gadi, suna farin cikin cin kowane abinci, yana da sauqi sauƙaƙa ciyar da su da abincin da aka yi da bushe-bushe.
Ya kamata a fifita wa waɗancan nau'ikan abincin da ke sauka a hankali, tunda ba za su kasance daga ƙasan iris ba.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a daina shayar da waɗannan kifaye don hana kiba.
Sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a mako, a matsayin manyan miya, zaku iya ba su:
- bugun jini,
- Artemia nauplii,
- mai yin bututu
- allunan spirulina
- yankakken salatin, kokwamba, zucchini, alayyafo.
Yarda da hali
Kifayen bakan gizo masu zaman lafiya ne da ban dariya a ciki. Suna da aiki, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci a samar da m ko murfin raga a kan akwatin kifin.
Babu dalilin da yakamata ya kamata a danganta su kwata kwata, kawai a garken inda mace biyu ko hudu adadin maza ne na mace ko namiji.
Yayi kyau sosai kandami na wucin gadi, wanda ya ƙunshi nau'ikan melanotenia.
Pecilia, barbus, zebrafish, cockerel na zinari, angelfish sun dace kamar maƙwabta;
Kifayen bakan gizo sun gwammace su matsa a saman ruwa, saboda haka zaka iya ƙara masun kifin a gare su - farfajiyoyi, tsotsar ruwa, abubuwan cin abinci na Siamese, bots.
Ba shi da kyau a haɗu da iris tare da manyan mafarauta, amma ƙananan cichlids masu yawo za su iya kasancewa tare da su, alal misali, Tanganyika.
Mai ci Siamese algae
Cutar mai yiwuwa
Idan yanayi a cikin akwatin kifaye suna da kusanci, to ai iris zai haskaka da dukkan launuka, wanda ke nufin suna da koshin lafiya. Amma da zaran an keta sigogin muhalli da muhimmanci, haske na launi ya ragu.
Baya ga kiyaye tsabtataccen tsabtace tsabtace tsabta, ingantacciyar hanya da hasken wuta, yana da muhimmanci a kula da ingancin abincin, saboda cututtukan da ke kama da yawa an shigar da su ta hanyar jigilar mutum.
Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, ya fi kyau ka shafe tsirrai, bayan riƙe su cikin rauni mai ƙarfi na potassiumgangan.
Ya kamata a shigar da sabbin mazauna cikin akwatin kifaye kawai bayan kiyaye su a cikin keɓaɓɓen-mai-dawakai.
Idan ulce da raunuka sun bayyana a jikin jikin kifin kifayen bakan gizo, to, wataƙila, parasites, alal misali, ƙurar kifaye, sun sami rauni. A wannan yanayin, ya zama dole a kara matakin ingantawa da kuma sanya ruwan ya zama dumama. Hakanan ya kamata a ɗan ɗanɗano shi gishiri (kimanin tablespoon na lita 10).
Game da batun "semolina" yi amfani da maganin Methylene blue.
Idan an samar wa matan bakan gizo kyawawan yanayi da kulawa mai kyau, to kuwa za su iya zama a cikin akwatin kifaye na shekaru 5-7.
Kiwo
Balaga a cikin melanotenia yana faruwa a watanni 6-9. Maza koyaushe suna da girma da haske sosai fiye da mace.
A cikin haifuwar ruwan sama ba wani abu mai rikitarwa. Da farko suna ciyar da yalwa, suna fifita abincin shuka. Sannan mace ta sanya qwai da takin ta. Kamar yadda aka saba, yawan qwai yana ƙaruwa tare da kowane mai zuwa.
Idan dole ne a adana soya, to, sai a sanya iyayen kafin a yi amfani da su a cikin kaya na musamman, kuma bayan an yi ma'amala da kuma hadi, an cire masarar.
Kyakkyawan girman girman spaining - fiye da 35 lita. Ya yi daidai da sigogi masu zuwa - yanayin zafi + 25 ... + 28 ° C da madaidaiciyar tsauraran matakan (kimanin raka'a 10-15), ma'aunin acid-kusa yana tsaka tsaki. Tace tare da jet ya zama dole don tsara karamin kwarara. Tsire-tsire na ruwa wajibi ne - a kansu ne za'a dage caviar. Yana da kyau a zabi jinsin tare da karamin ganye. Sau da yawa ana maye gurbin ruwa. Don haka, yaduwa yake motsawa, tunda duk wadannan yanayin suna yin kama da lokacin damina.
Mace na iya yin tsawan kwana uku (galibi da safe).
An ɗaure ƙwai cikin dogon zaren da ke manne da ganyayyakin tsire-tsire masu ruwa. A cikin abin kama har zuwa qwai 500, wadanda za su yi fari kuma su zama masu gajimare dole ne a cire su
Bayan sati daya zuwa biyu, sai a toya kwaya. Yawancin lokaci sukan fara motsawa kuma suna ci abinci a ƙarshen makon farko na rayuwa. Fara koto yana da kyau a zaɓi ƙura mai rai.Sa'an nan a hankali gabatar da sabon abinci a cikin abincin, ba da fifiko ga nau'ikan shuka su.
Melanotenia yayi girma sosai a hankali. Sai kawai ƙarshen wata na biyu na rayuwa ne canza launi yana fara bayyana. Daga watanni shida, ana iya ɗaukar iris manya.
Bayanan Gaske
Ana ɗaukar kifin bakan gizo ɗayan mafi kyawun mazaunan rafuffukan wucin gadi na gida. Amma haskaka launinsu ya dogara ne da yanayin lafiya ba, yanayi ma yana shafar shi.
Idan akwai yanayin damuwa a cikin akwatin kifaye, to, nan da nan duk garken sai ya zama mara nauyi. Don haka ana iya kiran waɗannan kifayen lafiya barometer na yanayin tunanin mutum na yanayin ruwa.
Amma da zaran lokacin karbuwa ya wuce, ma'aunin acid din ya lalace, kuma zazzabi ruwa ya tsaya tsalle, nan da nan iris ya fara girgiza duk launuka na bakan gizo, musamman a hasken rana.
Tsarin Halittu
A cikin ruwa mai ɗumi da koguna a Ostiraliya, New Zealand da wasu tsibiran Indonesia, suna haɗuwa da ƙananan kifaye masu wasa tare da launuka iri iri na bakan gizo. Mutane ba su damu da kyau da wannan kifin ba kuma sun tura bakan gizo mai rai zuwa akwatin kifaye. Kifin da ba a bayyana ba ya dace da sabon yanayin kuma ya fara yaduwa tsakanin masu ruwa da tsaki, yana samun shahara.
Girma na iris, cikakken sunan wanda yake Raina melanotenia, ƙarami ne. Wani dattijo ya kai tsawon 5-16 cm, ya danganta da nau'in halittun, wanda akwai kusan 70 a cikin yanayin.
Amma don gyara a cikin akwatin kifaye galibi suna ɗaukar typesan nau'in melanotenia. Mun lissafta kuma a takaice muna kwatanta su.
- Rainbow Melanotenia McCulloch. Ana samun karamin kifi mai tsawon milimita 60 mm a bakin gabar Ostareliya. Mazan wannan nau'in ana fentin su a cikin inuwa mai haske na zaitun tare da launin ruwan kasa. Ana iya ganin tabo ja a saman murfin. A wutsiya mai haske carmine ja.
Mafi kyawun launi mafi kyawun kifin yayin fallasa.
- Neon iris - 'yar asalin New Guinea ce, inda za'a same ta a cikin ciyawar da take cike da kogunan ciyayi na Kogin Mamberamo da fadama da ke kusa da ita. Launi mai launi na sikeli yana da tasirin tasirin, ana iya lura dashi kawai a cikin hasken da keɓaɓɓen tsire-tsire masu bada ruwa. Tsawon ɗan kifi ya kai kimanin mm 80. Maza sun bambanta da mace a cikin girman tazara mai girma da launuka mai haske sosai a cikin ƙusoshin ja da wutsiya.
Kifi sun fi so su kasance a cikin garken mutane 8 kuma suna son sabo, tsaka tsaki, ba maƙemar ruwa mai ƙwari ba. Don irin wannan garken, akwatin kifin na lita 60 ya isa.
- Aquarium kifi Turquoise iris (Lake Melanothenia) daga shege daga Papua New Guinea. Tana zaune a cikin karamar karamar kogin Kutubu da karamar kogin Soro da ke kwarara zuwa cikinta, waɗanda suke a lardin Kudancin Highlands. Girman kifin bai wuce 120 mm ba. Launin jikin, launin shuɗi tare da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, a lokacin jujjuyawar ya sami tint ɗin orange a baya. Yawan launi na kifin ya dogara da abinci mai gina jiki. Blue melanotenia ya fi son sabo, da wuya, ruwa mai aiki sosai wanda yake da zazzabi na 20 --25 ° C. Don garken kifayen 6-8 kuna buƙatar akwatin kifaye tare da ƙarar akalla lita 110.
- Bolaman na melanotenia in mun gwada kwanannan aka san shi ga jama'a. A gida, a Yammacin Irian a kan iyakar Indonesia, Boeseman iris yana zaune ne a cikin koguna uku kawai kuma yana cikin hadarin lalata. Kifi na farko da aka kawo zuwa Turai yayi aiki a matsayin tushen samun mutane mahaukata. Tsawon balagagge ya fara daga mm 80 zuwa 110 mm. An fentin kifi a cikin tabarau biyu: launin shuɗi daga kai zuwa tsakiyar jiki yana gudana zuwa launin ruwan-leƙen fata a bangon baya.
Don kwanciyar hankali, garken ruwan Boeseman yana buƙatar ƙaramar kifin ruwa tare da ƙarawa na 110 lita ko fiye, cike da wahala, alkaline ɗan kadan da ruwan sanyi mai tsabta tare da zazzabi na 27 ° C zuwa 30 ° C.
- Iris uku-hanya An rarraba shi a cikin dukkanin jikinn ruwa mai tsafta na Arewacin Australia. A cikin yanayin halitta, kifin yana kusan tsawon mil mm 150, yayin da tsararren akwatin akwatin kifin ya kai kusan mm 120 ne kawai tsawonsa. Launin wannan kifin ya bambanta da mazauninsu da abincinsu. Daga cikin tabarau, shuɗi, kore, ja da launuka masu mahimmanci. Amma ba tare da la’akari da launi na sikeli ba, duk kifayen suna da fenti mai launin ja da ratsi mai duhu. Ga makarantar kifi guda ɗaya daga mutane 5-6, ana buƙatar aƙatarum akalla lita 150.
Ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye ya kamata ya zama matsakaici na hannu, sabo, mai wuya, tare da ɗan kwalliyar alkaline dan kadan. Yanayin zafin jiki daga 24 ° С zuwa 33 ° С.
- Red iris (Aterina ja) yana zaune a tafkin Sentany da gawawwakin ruwan da ke kusa da New Guinea. An bambanta kifi mai haske har zuwa tsawon mm 150 mm ta launin ja a cikin maza da kuma rawaya a cikin mata. Mafi kyawun launi shine alpha namiji na fakitin. An lura cewa yayin da zazzabi ke raguwa zuwa ƙananan damar da aka yarda da shi, launin ja ya zama mai haske ga duk maza na garken, yayin da tare da ƙaruwa mai haske, zai kasance cikin alpha kawai. A akwatin kifayen da ake buƙata don wannan nau'in ya kamata a kalla lita 150. Ana buƙatar ruwa mai ɗumi, taurin matsakaici, tare da zazzabi na 22 ° -25 ° C, mai saurin motsi.
- Iris Popondetta (Gyaran Gyaran Girman Gudu) yayi kama da albino mai manyan idanu. Jikin kifi yana translucent da rawaya ƙwaya. Domarin launi na rasberi. A cikin yanayin halittarsa, yana da matuƙar kyau a ƙarshen gabashin tsibirin New Guinea. Fishananan kifi - 40-60 mm kawai. Ya fi son sabo, ruwa mai tsauri tare da ɗan ƙaramin alkaline. Zazzabi ruwa a cikin kewayon 24 - 28 ° C. Thearar akwatin akwatin kifaye don garken mutane 8-10 yana buƙatar akalla lita 60. Yakamata motsin ruwa ya zama mai rauni.
Siffofin Abubuwan ciki
Dukkanin nau'ikan iris ba shi da ma'ana a cikin abun ciki. Don kwanciyar hankali, garken iris daga mafi ƙarancin mutane shida na buƙatar akwatin kifin mai tsada, kamar yadda kifayen ke da yawa. Mafi kyawun amfani da kwantena daga lita 100 zuwa 150. Don kare ta da tsalle-tsalle masu haɗari, dole ne a rufe akwatin kifayen da murfi.
Soilasa ta fi kyau amfani da duhu, a fili. Dole ne a watsa hasken.
Mafi kyawun iris suna kallo akan bango mai duhu tsakanin bishiyoyi masu ruwa a cikin haske mara nauyi. A kasan akwatin kifaye zaka iya sanya daskararren itace da manyan duwatsu ba tare da gefuna mai kaifi ba.
Shuke-shuke don iris ya fi kyau zaɓi tare da wuya ganye. Anubias, Echinodorus ko Lagenander Meebold sun dace saboda kifin ba zai iya cinye su ba. Za'a iya samun greenery da yawa a ƙasan da saman ƙasa, amma ya fi kyau a shirya shi cikin rukuni, a bar wuraren buɗe ruwa.
Yawancin lokaci da iris suna zaune a cikin yanayin wurare masu ruwa a hankali, saboda haka kuna buƙatar zaɓar kayan aiki don akwatin kifaye, yana mai da hankali kan wannan gaskiyar.
Launin iris ya dogara da ingancin ruwan. Don adana bakan gizo mai rai, ya zama dole a tace a kai a kai kuma a yi wani juyi na tsohon ruwa tare da sabo.
A cikin abincin, melanotenia ba shi da ma'ana, suna iya cin kusan komai. Duk wani bushe, raye ko daskararre abinci ya dace da su. Tare da jin daɗi, kifin ya sha ganye mai laushi na tsirrai na ruwa. Lokacin ciyarwa ya fi kyau haxa nau'ikan abinci don ba kifi zabi. Tare da irin wannan iris iri-iri suna buɗe launuka masu kyau.
Kula da iris abu ne mai sauki. Duk kulawa tana a cikin ciyarwa na lokaci da kuma tsarkake ruwa.
Dace da sauran kifayen
Iris - ƙananan ƙauna, kifi na makaranta. Zasu sami saukin rayuwa tare da duk wani kifi mara haushi wanda ya yi kama da na hali da girman su. Zasu iya haduwa kusa da masu sikeli, muddin sun haɗu tare, amma ƙananan yara a wannan yanayin tabbas suna shan wahala.
Melanotenia tare da kyau tare da zebrafish, mashaya, guppies, takobi, mollies, da sauran nau'in pecilli waɗanda suka fi son ruwa mai wuya.
Ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya tare da Tanganyik cichlids.
Kasa kifin kwantar da hankula, alal misali, ɗakunan kifayen teku, bots da ancytruses zasu mamaye ƙananan yankin na akwatin kifaye, tunda iris ya fi son lamuran sama na akwatin kifaye don rayuwa.
Don kifi mai motsi-sauri, iris zai zama mai wahala saboda motsi. Iris bai yi daidai da cichlids ba, kifin gwal da kifi.
Kusa da kifin da ake yankewa, melanotenia ba zai rayu ba, saboda yana da kyan gani kamar farauta da abinci.
Bayanin kifin iris
Wadannan wayoyin hannu, masu zaman kansu na yau da kullun, ƙananan kifayen daga manyan dangin Melanotenius sun karɓi suna saboda yawan launi da ke maimaita bakan gizo. Da gaske, duba kawai hoton kifin iris, kamar yadda tambayar me yasa ake kiranta da haka ta ɓace. Mafi kyawun haske na furanni har ma da “acidic” neon iridescent yana haskakawa a cikin launi na sikeli yana faruwa a cikin safe, da maraice haske zai shuɗe a hankali.
Hakanan, launin kifin iris yana magana game da lafiyarsa da matakin damuwa, wanda waɗannan ƙaunatattun ƙauna da masaniyar mazaunan tafkunan suke da saukin kamuwa da su. Idan wani abu ba daidai ba, launin sikeli ya zama mai haske da azurfa.
A dabi'a, ana iya ganin dusar ƙanƙan da ruwan ɗumi a cikin ruwan sanyi ko a ɗanɗaɗɗa da ruwa, musamman ma suna son koguna, yanayin zafi na ruwa ya fara daga digiri 23 zuwa 28 Kusa da wuraren da mazauninsu ke zaune tabbas akwai haya haya ga masu son ganin wannan kyakkyawa.
A cikin tsari, iris - elongated kuma dan kadan hunchbacked. Kifi ya girma zuwa 4-12 cm, kuma tare da irin wannan ƙaramin girman, suna da manya-manyan, convex da idanu mai bayyanawa.
Bukatar kulawa da kiyayewa don iris
Don zaman jira cikin zaman talala, akwatin kifaye na iris dole ne da farko suna da dakin motsawa. Saboda haka, akwatin kifaye ba zai iya zama karami ba. Fiye da lita 50, don garken kifi 6-10.
Wadannan halittun da suke motsi suna kaunar komawa gefe, suna fakewa da bi juna, suna fitowa daga wani shinge. Wannan yana nufin cewa wajibi ne a shuka tsire-tsire a cikin akwatin kifaye, masu wucin gadi ba za su yi aiki ba, kamar yadda kifin zai iya yin rauni ko, idan an yi kwaikwayon daga nama, toshe hanjinsu.
Amma sarari kuma bai cancanci zubar da tama mai ba, kifi yana buƙatar sarari don "wasanni". Suna kuma buƙatar kyakkyawan fitila, kifaye mara haske ba sa so, da kuma tsarin aiki na "tallafi na rayuwa", shi ne - filtration da aeration.
Hoton Boesman na iris
Siffar iris abun ciki Kuna iya la'akari da yanayin da babu makawa - ya kamata a rufe akwatin kifaye, amma a lokaci guda - lafiya. Haƙiƙar ita ce a yayin ayyukan da suka saba.
Wato, wasannin kama-kama, kifaye kifaye na iris tsalle daga ruwa. Haka kuma kamar yadda ake yanayi. A lokaci guda, yana iya sauka ba a cikin ruwa ba, amma a ƙasa kusa da, kuma, ba shakka, mutu.
Gabaɗaya, kula da waɗannan rayayyun halittun, kamar kiyaye kifi bakan gizo ba ya buƙatar wani ƙoƙari na musamman, abu mafi mahimmanci shi ne fara zaɓar akwatin kifaye wanda ya cika duk buƙatun.
Abinci na Iris
Neon da sauran nau'ikan bakan gizo kifi cikin abin da ya shafi abinci ba abu ne mai wahala ba. Za su yi farin ciki su ci abinci busasshe, rayuwa da mai sanyi.
A cikin hoto, Parking's Iris
A cikin akwatin kifaye, ya zama dole a sanya zobba wadanda ke iyakance yaduwar abinci a farfajiyar ruwa, kuma a ba su gwargwadon yadda kifayen ke ci, tunda ba su tayar da abinci daga ƙasa ba. A cikin rawar abinci abinci zai zama manufa:
Hakanan, kifi zai yi farin cikin cin abincin kayan lambu.
Iri na Iris
A cikin duka, nau'ikan kifayen 72 suna rayuwa ne a duniya, waɗanda masana kimiyya suka raba su ga halittu 7. Koyaya, a cikin aquariums, a matsayin mai mulkin, kiyaye abubuwan da ke gaba nau'ikan ruwan sama:
- Neon iris
Kifi shimmer, kamar dai koyaushe a karkashin haske neon. Ba a buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki ba, amma yana da matukar damuwa ga canje-canje a cikin zafin jiki da haɗakar ruwa. Yana cikin motsawa akai, yana son dogon iyo kuma yawancin lokaci yana tsalle daga ruwa.
Neon iris hoto
- Uku uku hanya
Mafi so daga masu aikin kifin ruwa. Sunan ya samo asali ne saboda kasancewar jikin wasu rukunoni uku da ke kan layin dogon. Yana yarda da ƙananan hawa da sauka a cikin ruwan da yawan zafin jiki.
A cikin hoton akwai bakan gizo mai kamar hanya uku
Daya daga cikin wakilai mafi girma na dangin bakan gizo, kifi ba kasafai ba kasa da 10 cm a tsayi. Dangane da haka, suna buƙatar babban akwatin kifaye - mafi tsayi, mafi kyau, amma zuwa zurfin basuda buƙatarsu.
- Boesman na iris
Kyawawan launuka masu haske sosai, har ma ga dangin “bakan gizo” - saman jiki, gami da kan shi, yana da shuɗi mai haske, ƙasa kuma cike take da orange ko ja. Wadannan kifayen da gaske basa son duhu, sun ma gwammace suyi bacci a gaban duk wasu alamu na yau da kullun wadanda ke kama da hasken duniyar wata.
- Rainbow
Abin al'ajabi da kyau da aristocratic. Launi na wannan kifayen duka launuka ne masu launin ja, launin shuɗi, a lokaci guda, yana birge shi da zinare. Mafi kunya da yawan son dukkan, yana son tsire-tsire na akwatin kifaye fiye da wasu. Ba a fassara shi a abinci, amma yana da pH, mai nuna alama bai kamata ya wuce 6-7 ba.
Hoto: Glossolepis iris
- Turkawa Iris ko melanothenia
Mafi kwanciyar hankali ga dukkan, a yanayi yana zaune a cikin tabkuna. An rarraba launuka a rabi - tare da tsawon. Jikin na sama yana da wadataccen turquoise. Kuma ciki na iya samun tabarau ko launin shuɗi. Abin mamaki sosai, musamman ma da bambanci tare da jan iris.
Hoto turquoise iris
Iyakar abin da ke cikin nutsuwa suna da dangantaka da ruwa kaɗan. Ya na son abinci mai rai, musamman manyan sauro da cututtukan jini. Wasu lokuta ana kiran waɗannan kifayen - ido iris, wannan kalmar magana tana nufin duk nau'ikan iris gabaɗaya ne, kuma ba sunan kowane nau'i bane. Sun kira shi saboda manyan, masu bayyana ra'ayi.
Tsarin kifaye
Hanyoyi guda uku masu launin furannin sun samo sunan ne saboda yanayin da ya saba da shi: tsiri daya ya wuce cikin jikin ta, hanyar waje mai launuka iri-iri da shuɗi. Sikeli ya yi haske tare da taguwar tagulla, ana fentin launin ja, rawaya, kore da ruwan lemo. Jikin yana zagaye, kwance a gefe, manyan idanu a kai. Kifin yana da ƙarancin girman fushin azkar-orange, allon fin yana da tsawo.
Kula da kifi yana buƙatar ciyarwa ta yau da kullun: yana ƙaunar crustaceans, rayuwa da abinci mai sanyi, tsire-tsire. Abubuwan da aka yarda da ruwa mai izini: zazzabi 22-25 digiri, taurin 8-25 °, acidity - 6.5-8.0 pH.
Iris popondetta (shuɗi idanu) - melanotenia tana ta ɓoye daga kogunan bayyane na sabon kogin New Guinea. Ya bambanta da sauran 'yan dangi ta hanyar da aka ba da sanarwar wutsiyar wutsiya fin da manyan idanu masu shuɗi. Popondetta a cikin yanayi ya kai girman 5-6 cm, kifin akwatin kifaye ya fi ƙanƙane - 3-4 cm .. launi daban-daban na popondetta ya bambanta, jikin yana da ɗan haske. Green, rawaya da shuɗi launuka lokaci-lokaci suna shimfiɗa kan sikeli. Gill ta rufe ja-rasberi. Duka ƙeƙasassun zazzagewa, tare da tintin rawaya. Popondetta kifi ne na makaranta tare da halayen zaman lafiya, wanda za'a iya zaunar dashi a cikin ruwan tebur na kowa tare da zebrafish, tetra, rassbori da ƙananan ƙananan kifin. Swants a tsakiyar yadudduka na ruwa. Akwatin kifaye aƙalla lita 40 tare da ciyayi masu yawa sun dace da zama. Popondetta yana buƙatar wurare da yawa don iyo. Sigogin ruwa da aka ba da shawarar: zazzabi 24-28 digiri, acidity 6.5-8.0 pH, tauri - 5-12 o.
A cikin yanayi, yana ciyar da kwari da lardin su, ƙananan crustaceans. Turquoise irises suna cin abinci mai kyau a cikin akwatin kifaye: ana iya basu jini, tubules, larvae da granules, wani lokacin abincin shuka. M abinci mai gina jiki tare da bitamin don kula da launi na jiki. Matsakaicin girman a cikin bauta shine 12-15 cm.
Turquoise iris - kyakkyawa mai ban mamaki na kifi. Jikin yana da zagaye, siriri, tsawon lokaci a bangarorin. A cikin haske mai haske, sikeli mai haske yana da launuka iri-iri: shuɗi, fari, rawaya, kore. A baya da wutsiya suna da murfi, ciki na ciki fari-fari.Dorsal fin kunkuntar, dabbar tayi yawa. Idon kifayen manya ne. Tare da shekaru, jikin iris ya lalace.
Dubi duhun tururuwa.
Jikin iris yana da kyan gani - m, elongated, flattened a tarnaƙi. Launin Sikeli shine turquoise-azurfa tare da farin tagulla. Idanun suna da girma, finfin dorsal kunkuntar, fin fin yana da faɗi. Karatun caudal yana da ruwan wukake biyu. Tsammani na rayuwa cikin bauta: 5-8 shekaru.
A cikin gandun daji na gida, duk melanotenia yana girma da ƙoshin lafiya, dukkan jinsuna suna cike da launuka na jiki mai haske. Waɗannan sune tsararrun ruwa na ruwa waɗanda ke amfani da su a cikin tsabtataccen ruwa. Createirƙiri mafi kyawun yanayi ga kowane dabbobi don ya rayu tsawon rai da nutsuwa.
Yarda iris tare da wasu kifayen
A iris mai jituwa Yana da haɓaka sosai, yana samun daidaituwa tare da dukkanin wakilan dangin sa. Abin da ke ba da gudummawa ga ƙirƙirar madaidaicin launi mai kyau a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Hakanan ya rayu tare da dukkan ƙananan kifaye, banda maɓoɓin karnukan da ke iya farautar magudanar ruwan sama. Kuma a kowane yanayi, iris na iya rayuwa tare da:
Sake bugun da halayen jima'i na iris
Yana da sauƙi a rarrabe maza daga mata, mazan ma. Balaga cikin balaga yana faruwa ne a lokacin daga watanni shida zuwa shekara guda. Namiji ya bambanta da launin ja a ƙasan, daga mace, wanda a cikin inuwar ƙyallen rawaya ce ko launin shuɗi.
Kifi na iya kawo sauyi kai tsaye a cikin akwatin kifaye, kuma a cikin keɓaɓɓiyar keji. Babu bukatar saka nau'i-nau'i don kiwo, ba sa cin ƙwai na iris, amma suna ci kiwo iris mafi dacewa. Don kiwo, yanayi biyu suna da mahimmanci:
- yanayin zafin ruwa sama da digiri 28, manufa - 29,
- Yanayin pH daga 6.0 zuwa 7.5.
Idan duk halaye sun cika, kifayen suna da alaƙar magana a fili, amma ba sa cikin sauri don haifuwa, to zaku iya tayar da wannan aikin ta farko rage zafin jiki kaɗan, ba kawai kuma ba ƙasa da digiri 24 ba. Bayan haka, bayan iris din ya saba, zai dauki kwanaki 2 - a kara shi nan take da digiri 2.
Sayi iris a bayyane yake, waɗannan halittun da basu da tushe kuma masu haske ne a cikin kusan kowane kanti na musamman. Kuma farashin su a matsakaita shine 100-150 rubles.