Ita ce kawai wakilcin characinids wanda ya mamaye Arewacin Amurka, inda aka rarraba shi ko'ina cikin Mexico zuwa Texas. Siffar jiki tayi kama da roach. Sikeli yana da girma, mai laushi, azurfa mai launin shuɗi. Udazantawar Caudal, dubura da ƙwallan iska mai haske mai haske ja, ƙeƙasassun faranti da fatar ma'ana, fari. A tsakiyar jiki, daga kai zuwa wutsiya, akwai wata takarda mai launin kore wanda zai hade tare da asalin gaba, wanda a gindin wutsiya ya juya zuwa wani wuri mai baƙar fata, wanda yayi kama da rimmbus mai tsayi.
Matan da suka manyanta sun kai tsawon 10 cm, maza sunfi ƙanƙanta kuma jikinsu yayi ƙyalƙyali. Launin maza da na mata daidai yake. Tetragonopterus - kifin yana da cikakkiyar fassara, yana tare da sauran kifayen, musamman idan ya girma tare da su. A ƙarƙashin yanayi na yau da kullun, mafi kyawun zazzabi shine 18-20 ° C; yayin cikin ɓarna, ya kamata a ƙara yawan zafin jiki zuwa 22 ° C. Ya fi son babban akwatin kifaye mai fili, wanda ya kamata a dasa shi da yawa tare da tsire-tsire. Riƙe garken tetragonopterus, koyaushe yana cikin motsi. A mafi ƙarancin firgita, duk garken yana ɓoye tsakanin maɗaukaki. Abinci yana ƙaunar rayuwa, musamman daphnia, zubar jinin jini ya isa, muddin ya faɗo ƙasa, yana da niyyar ɗaukar abinci daga ƙasa, sabili da haka ya fi kyau a ba da ƙoshin jini a cikin wata matacciyar zubar jini, ta hanyar sa a hankali yakan shiga cikin ruwa a hankali yana ci. Idan akwai tsire-tsire da yawa a cikin akwatin kifaye kuma yana da kyau lit, to, tetragonopterus baya buƙatar ƙarin ruwa na ruwa.
Don kiwo tetragonopterus a ƙarshen Afrilu ko farkon Mayu, ya kamata ku shirya ƙaramin akwatin kifaye tare da damar ɗaya zuwa biyu buckets tare da yashi mai tsabta da sabo, ruwa mai tsafta. Zai fi kyau a sami akwatin kifaye na siffar elongated, tsayin 25-30 cm.Bayan barin tsakiyar kyauta, ya kamata a dasa gefuna tare da ƙaramin tsire-tsire, kuma a rufe ƙasa tare da nitella. Lokacin da aka shirya komai, wata mace mai maza biyu, wacce a baya ta zauna tsawon kwanaki ba tare da mace ba, ana farata zuwa cikin akwatin kifaye. Da farko, macen tana korar maza daga gare ta, wanda hakanan zai iya kasancewa a daya karshen akwatin kifaye. Wannan na iya wuce rana guda, wani lokacin kuma mafi yawa, yayin da samfuran haihuwa suke girma. Sa’annan, yawanci da safe, maza za su fara bin mace, su kore ta zuwa lokacin farin ciki, a inda ake zubar da caviar da madara. Caviar ƙanƙane ne, a cikin mai yawa yana warwatse a cikin kowane kwatance, yana manne da tsirrai da watsuwa a ƙasa. An maimaita wannan wasan sau da yawa. Kowane lokaci bayan tsallakewa, mace da namiji suna marmarin ci caviar, amma akwai da yawa wanda, duk da wannan, akwai koyaushe akwai ƙwai da ɗari.
Bayan alamomi da yawa, ya kamata a cire maza da mace, a dasa su a cikin ɗakunan ruwa dabam daban domin mace ta huta.
Bayan kwanaki 2-3, ƙaramin soya ya bayyana daga qwai, wanda ke rataye a tsirrai da kan tabarau. A wannan lokacin, ya zama dole a ba da adadin ƙananan ciliates ko rayuwa "ƙura" da kuma busa ruwa sosai. A rana ta biyu, ƙwanƙwasa ya riga ya fara iyo cikin garken tumaki, suna kwana a wuraren da ake tara abinci kuma suna cin shi da ƙyar. Suna girma da sauri, a rana ta 8th cyclops sun riga sun cinye lafiya. Sun kai ga balaga har shekara mai zuwa.
Bayan kwanaki 10-15, zaku iya sake maimaitawa tare da mace ɗaya, amma ku bar shi ya fi sauran maza. A cikin zuriyar dabbobi na biyu, akwai ƙarancin caviar.
Jiki na tetragonopterus yana da tsawo, yana matsawa a gefe. Jawashin ƙananan muƙamuƙi babba ne, yana ci gaba. Ainihin, launin waɗannan kifayen azurfar ne, mai launuka daban-daban. Wani baƙar fata mai shimfiɗa mai shimfiɗa daga tsakiyar jiki tare da tudun caudal, wanda a gindin caudal fin yana mamaye tsiri, yana samar da tabo mai lu'u-lu'u. Fasassu masu launin pectoral ba su da launi, sauran ruwan lemo ne ko ja mai haske. Wani nau'i na albino tare da launi na zinari da idanu ja ana samun su a cikin akwatin ruwa. Bugu da kari, a cikin kangin bauta, an kifar da kifayen da wata sifar fin rufe. Mace sun fi maza girma kuma sun fi maza ƙarfi, launinsu na ƙyallin ƙarshen yana da ɗan haske.
Tetragonopterus kifayen lumana ne, mai motsi mai rai wanda ke zaune a tsakiya da babba na ruwa. Zai fi kyau a ajiye fakitin mutane 5-10 a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da ƙarar lita 50 ko fiye. A cikin tafki, yana da kyawawa don ƙirƙirar filayen tsirrai tare da sarari kyauta don iyo. A makwabta a cikin babban akwatin kifaye na iya zama wasu rabo ko ya fi girma kifi zaman lafiya. Su ne m zuwa ga kananan nau'in, kuma kada ku ci gaba da sha'anin kamun kifi tare da kamannin abin rufewa. Tetragonopterus undemanding zuwa ingancin ruwa kuma za'a iya bada shawara ga mafarin masu koyar da ruwa.
Yakammen akwatin kifayen yakamata a sami kyakkyawan gurɓata da canje-canje na ruwa na yau da kullun Omnivores, da yardar rai ku ci kowane irin abinci da abinci mai wucin gadi. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci wajibi ne don ciyar da tetragonopterus tare da abinci na shuka, in ba haka ba za su ci ƙananan harbe na tsire-tsire masu ruwa. Gaskiya ne gaskiyar ga tsire-tsire masu ruwa, alal misali, waɗannan kifaye suna farin ciki da jin daɗin tushen duckweed da pistachia. Kamar yadda ƙara kayan lambu, zaka iya amfani da: Boiled kabeji da dankali, scalded letas, matasa Dandelion ganye.
Ana iya haifuwa mai yiwuwa ne daga watanni shida. Kafin spain, da balagagge mace ne sedimented kuma yalwatacce ciyar da makonni biyu. Lockwararruwa suna buɗewa tare da yawan adadin maza ko biyu. Ana amfani da buranan kananan tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire ko kuma zaruruwa na roba a matsayin madadin.
Mafi kyawun ma'aunin ruwa: pH 6.5 - 7.8, gH 6 - 15 °, zazzabi 26 - 28 ° С. Mace ta ninka har ƙwai 1,500. Bayan ƙarewa ya ƙare, masu kera sun fara cin caviar, don haka ya kamata a dasa su nan da nan. Caviar yana tasowa a cikin kwanaki 2. Bayan kwanaki 5, yara sun fara ciyar da su tare da infusoria, artemia nauplii, rotifers.
Bayyanar
Idan aka kwatanta da sauran tetras, tetragonopterus babban kifi ne, wanda ya kai 5-6 cm a tsayi, ba shi da yawa tsawon cm cm 8. Jikin sa yana da ƙarfi, yana matsawa da ƙarfi a hankali kuma yana da tsawo. Bakin yana da girma, tare da karkatar da ƙananan muƙamuƙi. Jikin kifin yana kiyaye shi ta manyan sikeli na azurfa, wutsiya da ƙusoshin suna da ja. An yi wa ɓangaren wutsiyar ado tare da tsarin launin lu'u-lu'u mai launin shuɗi. Daga tsakiyar jiki zuwa ga kifin, raunin kore mai rauni mai rauni ya wuce.
Banbancin jima'i a wannan nau'in kifayen ba su da mahimmanci. Maza suna da karami da haske fiye da mace, wani lokacin ƙafarsu tana da kamshin launin ruwan hoda. Mace sun fi maza girma, ana iya sanin sa da ƙwayar cuta.
Tunani. Daga cikin tetragonopterus albinos ana samun su da sikeli masu launin zinare da jan idanu, da kuma wasu mutane da ƙwalƙwalwar ƙyallen. Albinos sun fi buƙatu sosai game da yanayin tsarewa.
Zabi da kuma zane na akwatin kifaye
Tetragonopterus yana zaune a cikin garken. Don dangin kifaye na 8-10, akwatin kifin mai lita 80 ya dace sosai. Jirgin ruwan tath babban jumper ne, don haka ya kamata a rufe akwatin kifaye da murfi da murfi.
Kamar yadda ƙasa take, zaku iya amfani da yashin kogin, wanda aka riga aka bi da ku da ruwan zãfi. Shuke-shuke da ke da kauri, kauri, tsawon ganye suna kaiwa saman ruwa ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da wannan dalilin maharawort, pinnatifolia, painbitis da microzoriums. Tsirrai kada su katse tare da motsi mai ƙarfi na garken, wanda ya fi son ciyar da mafi yawan lokaci a tsakiyar ruwa.
Rhomboid tetra ɗan cin ganyayyaki ne wanda yake hanzarta ɓoye kowane tsire-tsire na cikin ruwa, ban da na Anubias da Javanese danshin. Abin da ya sa a cikin aquariums tare da tetra roach, suna amfani da ko dai tsire-tsire tare da ganye mai kauri ko "ganye" na wucin gadi.
Yanayin tsarewa
- Mafi yawan zafin jiki shine 20-25 ° C; Rage zazzabi zuwa 16 ° C ya halatta;
- acidity - daga raka'a 6.5 zuwa 8,
- tsauri - daga raka'a 7 zuwa 20.
Hasken rana yana awoyi 10. Tare da hasken wuta mai ɗimbin yawa da tsire-tsire masu rai, ƙarin ba a bukatar ruwa. Don muffle mai haske mai haske sosai, zaku iya sanya tsire-tsire masu iyo a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Tetragonopterus baya son tara ragowar abinci daga ƙasa, don haka ya kamata a samar da akwatin kifaye tare da matattara mai ƙarfi. Sauya ruwan a cikin akwatin kifin sau da yawa fiye da yadda aka saba, amma a cikin kananan rabo. Sauyawa na yau da kullun shine 25% ruwa kowane mako. Canji ruwa ya zama mai tsabta da kiyaye shi sosai.
Hankali! Tetragonopterus albinos tare da sikeli na zinari da idanu masu ja suna da matukar damuwa ga rashi oxygen. Don rayuwa mai daɗi, suna buƙatar ruwa mai danshi (23-26 ° C) da tashin hankali mai ƙarfi.
Ciyar da abinci
Tetragonopterus ba shi da ma'ana a cikin abinci. Yana shan kowane abinci, bushe, rayuwa ko a hade, amma mafi yawan ƙaunar daphnia. Tare da ciyarwa na yau da kullun tare da ciyarwar mai rai da daskararru, launi na tetraachachach zai zama haske kuma yana daɗaɗawa. A lokaci guda, kifin ɗin yana kama mai saukar jini yayin da yake nitsewa har ƙasa. Ragowar abinci ana ta da su ba da daɗewa ba daga ƙasa, saboda haka yana da kyau a sanya ƙwayoyin jini a cikin mai fulawar ruwa, ta yadda a hankali zai ratsa ruwan ya ci cikin tetra.
Tushen abincin tetragonopterus na iya zama hatsi. Don rage sha'awar kifi don cin tsire-tsire na akwatin kifaye, spirulina, scalded ta ruwan zãfi ko kabeji, dankalin da aka dafa, ganyen Dandelion an haɗe shi da flakes. Ana shawarar abinci mai bushe don canzawa tsakanin juna.
Siffofin halayya da dacewa da sauran kifayen
Tetragonopterus kifi ne mai aiki, mai kuzari. Ana kiyaye su cikin garken, kullun cikin motsi. A wata 'yar karamar hatsari, duk garken sun ɓoye cikin maɓallan tsire-tsire na akwatin kifaye.
Rhomboid tetra yana da fasali guda mai ban sha'awa - ba laifi bane saɓa wa ƙaƙƙarfan maƙwabta a gefuna, haka kuma yana katse wutsiyoyin da ƙyallen. Kayan kwalliya na tsokanar zalunci (daga mutane 6 ko fiye), da kuma abincinsu na raba abinci (sau da yawa a rana) zasu taimaka wajen kashe fitina.
Ba mafi kyawun maƙwabta don rhomboid tetra zai zama ƙananan kifi, har ma da jinkirin kifi tare da ƙarancin ƙashi. Tetragonopterus zai fi dacewa tare da wannan tetragonopterus mai aiki ɗaya da mai kuzari: ƙwararru, Kongo, ƙaya, erythrosonuses.
Shiri don kiwo
Lokaci mai dacewa don tsinkaye yana ɗauka ƙarshen ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon watan Mayu. Bayan 'yan kwanaki kafin tsallakewa, mace da namiji suna zaune a wurare daban-daban kuma ana tura su don zama abinci. Don shakatawa, zaka iya amfani da biyu daga kifaye, mace mai biyu maza ko karamin garken wani adadin mata da maza daidai yake.
Spawning faruwa a cikin spawning - karamin akwatin kifaye tare da damar 10-20 lita. Zai fi kyau amfani da akwatin kifaye masu rufi tare da tsawo na 25-30 cm.
An zubar yashi kogin da aka watsa cikin filayen, kuma an zuba ruwa mai tsafta. An bar tsakiyar akwatin kifayen kyauta, kuma ana shuka tsire-tsire na ruwa a gefuna. An rufe kasan daga nitella ko raga mai kyau. Shirya m kwarara da tacewa. Ruwan yana ɗan ɗanɗaɗa mai da zafi zuwa 26-27 ° C. Lokacin da tsararren ƙasa ya shirya, masu samar da kayan gaba sune kewaya cikin su.
Ciyarwa
Ciyarwa tana farawa da sassafe. Maza sun fara bibiyar mace cikin nizari, bayan haka suna tura ta cikin bushes. A nan, mace tana jefa ƙwai, maza kuma suka ba da ita. Wasannin cinikin tare da bin mace ana maimaita su sau da yawa.
Qwai na tetragonopterus kadan ne, sun tashi a kusa da akwatin kifaye kuma su zauna akan nitella da ganyayyaki. Masu haɓaka suna jin daɗin caviar, don haka nan da nan bayan ƙarshen ɓarkewa ana mayar da su zuwa babban kifin ruwa na janar.
Kulawar Baby
A cikin awanni 24-36 bayan tsallakewa, larvae ƙyanƙyashe daga qwai, kuma bayan wasu kwanaki 4 suka fara motsawa, iyo da kuma rukuni a cikin garken.
Ciyar da brood tare da karamin adadin ciliates ko ƙura mai rai. A rana ta 8-10, ana iya ba da yara ga cyclops. A hankali sun saba da bushewar abinci.
A cikin watanni 6-7, kifin ya kai ga balaga. Tsawon rayuwar waɗannan kifayen daga zaman talala ya kai shekaru 6.
Don haka, tetragonopterus ɗan ƙasa ne na ƙasashe masu zafi na Kudancin Amurka. Wannan kifin ba shi da ma'ana ga yanayin tsare, mai aiki, cikin sauƙin yadawa a cikin zaman talala kuma yana jagorantar garken rayuwa. Babban hasararsa ita ce sha'awar cin tsire-tsire na akwatin kifaye da halayyar sa'a.
Rayuwa cikin yanayi
Tetragonopterus (Hyphessobrycon anisitsi, kuma a baya Hemigrammus caudovittatus da Hemigrammus anisitsi) an fara bayyana su a cikin 1907 ta Yengeyman. T
yana zaune a Kudancin Amurka, a Argentina, Paraguay, da Brazil.
Wannan kifin makaranta ne wanda ke rayuwa a ɗimbin ɗumbin halittu, ciki har da: rafuffuka, koguna, tafkuna, tafkuna. Yana ciyar da kwari da tsirrai a yanayi.
Bayanin
Dangane da sauran membobin dangi, wannan babban kifi ne. Ya kai tsawon 7 cm, kuma zai iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 6.
Tetragonopterus yana da jiki na silvery, tare da kyakkyawan zane neon, haske mai haske da farar fata mai bakin ciki fara daga tsakiyar jiki kuma ya juya zuwa cikin baki baki a wutsiya.
Tetragonopterus - wanda ba a fassara shi ba, amma maƙwabta marasa iyaka ne
Tetragonopterus (Hyphessobrycon anisitsi), ko kuma kamar yadda ake kira tetragonopterus Buenos Aires kuma ana kiran tetra da lu'u-lu'u mai siffar lu'u-lu'u, tetra roach kifi ne wanda ba shi da ma'ana sosai, yana tsawan rayuwa kuma yana da sauƙin kiwo. Yana da girma isa ga characins - har zuwa 7 cm, kuma zai iya rayuwa shekaru 5-6. Tetragonopterus babban kifi ne ga masu farawa.
Suna dacewa sosai da yawancin sigogin ruwa, kuma baya buƙatar kowane yanayi na musamman. Kasancewa kifin zaman lafiya, suna da kyau a yawancin rafukan ruwa, amma suna da babban ci. Kuma suna buƙatar ciyar da su sosai, tun da suna fama da yunwa suna da mummunar ikon yanke ƙugiyoyi ga maƙwabta, waɗanda ke tunatar da danginsu - ƙarami.
Zai fi kyau a ɗauke tetragonopterus a cikin fakitin, daga guda 7. Irin wannan garken ba karamin damuwa bane ga maƙwabta.
Shekaru da yawa, tetragonopterus sun kasance ɗayan shahararrun kifin akwatin kifaye. Amma, suna da mummunan al'ada na lalata tsire-tsire, kuma akwatin kifayen zamani ba tare da tsire-tsire yana da wuyar tunanin ba. Saboda wannan, shahararrun mutane sun ragu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
Amma, idan tsire-tsire ba fifikonku ba ne, to wannan kifin zai zama ainihin gano ku.
Yarbuwa
Rhomboid tetra gabaɗaya shine kifaye masu kyau don akwatin kifayen janar ɗin gaba ɗaya. Suna da aiki, idan sun ƙunshi da yawa, ci gaba da garken.
Amma maƙwabta su kasance sauran tetras mai sauri da aiki, alal misali, ƙananan ƙananan, Kongo, erythrosonuses, ƙaya. Ko kuma suna buƙatar ciyar da su sau da yawa a rana, saboda kar su fasa ƙwan maƙwabta.
Kifi mai santsi, kifi tare da ƙarancin fins, zai sha wahala a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da tetragonopterus. Baya ga ciyarwa, tsokanar zalunci shima yana rage abun cikin kunshin.
Kiwo
Tetragonopterus spawning, mace tana sanya ƙwai akan tsirrai ko mosses. Kiwo abu ne mai sauki, idan aka kwatanta su da tsari iri ɗaya.
Wasu ma'aurata ne ke ciyar da abinci, sannan sai a tura su wani yanki daban. A cikin yawon shakatawa, yakamata a sami ɗan ruwa mai kwarara, tsaftacewa, da ƙananan tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, kamar mosses.
Wani madadin don gansakuka shine mayafin wanki da aka yi da zaren nalan. Suna sa ƙwai a kai.
Ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye shine 26-27 digiri kuma dan kadan m. Ana iya samun kyakkyawan sakamako ta hanyar adana garken kai tsaye, daga adadin maza daidai da maza.
A yayin yin yayyafa, suna kwanciya qwai akan tsire-tsire ko kuma wankin wanki, bayan haka suna buƙatar dasa shi, tunda zasu iya cin ƙwai.
Tsutsa zai yi kyankyasar a cikin awanni 24-36, kuma bayan kwanaki 4 zai yi iyo. Kuna iya ciyar da soya tare da abinci da yawa.
Kalaman.ru Kifin kifin kifaye. Tetra roach ne. Tetragonopterus
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Jiki yana tsaka mai tsawo, sosai yake kwance a gefe. Layin gefe bai cika ba. Akwai karamin adipose fin. “A” ya fi “D”, “C” riba biyu.
A baya ne mai zaitun-kore, gefen shine azurfa tare da launin shuɗi zuwa launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, ciki shine azurfa.A ƙarshen farfajiyar tagulla, wani wuri mai launin lu'u-lu'u mai launin shuɗi wanda yake wucewa zuwa “C”.
Fayanan, ban da "P", masu launin ja. Akwai lemun tsami masu launin rawaya.
Namijin namiji na ƙwallon ya fi cike da jan launi.
M, kifi makaranta. Ta hannu, kifi mai ƙauna mai haske, zauna a tsakiya da babba na ruwa, tare da tsoratarwar ɓoye cikin manyan tsiro. Za a iya kiyaye shi tare da kifi mai sauri, kamar yadda A cikin kwarkwata ta ƙusoshi a ƙasa. A cikin akwatin kifaye, tsire-tsire tare da ganye mai wuya kuma na iya zama ƙanshin Javanese, ƙwanƙwasa cuta da fern Thai, kamar yadda kifi ci m matasa harbe.
R. Riel, A. Bensch suna ba da ma'aunin ruwa don abubuwan da ke ciki: 18-28 ° С, dH har zuwa 35 °, pH 5.8-8.5.
Aikin kwandon ruwa mai tsayi daga 60 cm tsayi tare da raga mai raba raga a kasan da tsire-tsire tare da kara mai elongated da ganye. Matsayin ruwan shine 15-20 cm .. Ana kiyaye mace da namiji dabam har sati 2 kafin sauka don hutawa. Don tsalle da maraice suna dasa ma'aurata ko gungun kifaye.
Ciyarwa da safe da safe, mace tana jefa ƙwai 200 ko fiye. Bayan tsallakewa, an cire kifayen, akwatin kifaye ya yi duhu, an rage matakin ruwa zuwa cm 10. Lokaci na shiryawa shine kwanaki 1-2, yin iyo a cikin kwanaki 3-6. Bayar da hasken haske. Fara ciyarwa: ciliates, rotifers.
Balagagge a watanni 6-10.
Dilution cikin ruwa na 20-22 ° C, dH zuwa 20 °, pH 7 ne ya ruwaito.
M.N. Ilyin a cikin littafin "Aquarium noma kifi" ya rubuta game da tetragonopterus:
Tetragonopterus (Hemigrammus caudovittatus E. Ahl.). Ana samun Tetragonopterus a cikin kogin. La Plata. An fara kawo su Turai a 1922, sun cika ko'ina anan har zuwa 1941 kuma har yanzu ana kiyaye su. A cikin jerin ruwayoyin, yawanci sun kai 5-6 cm a tsayi, wani lokacin 12 cm.
M, launi na waɗannan kifayen suna launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi tare da kayan ƙarfe, ciki shine azurfa. Daga tsakiyar tsakiyar caudal zuwa ƙarshensa, madaidaiciyar madaidaiciya madaidaiciya daga gefen layin, ta faɗaɗa zuwa cikin rhomboid daidai a gindin caudal fin. Duk ƙeƙasasun banda na pectoral masu launin ja, suna da ƙarfi sosai a cikin murfin. Iris a cikin rabin rabin yana da ja.
Yanayin kiyayewa da ciyarwa abu ne mai sauki. Zazzabi na ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye na iya kasancewa daga 12 zuwa 25 ° (zai fi dacewa 18-24 °). Baya ga abincin asalin dabba, kayan lambu ma kyawawa ne. Tetragonopterus ba sa bukatar kan pH, taurin kai da tsabtace ruwa.
Samun zuriya mai sauki ne. Ruwan famfo da aka saba amfani dashi. Ana kifi kifi a cikin manyan akwatunan filaye tare da ƙananan yanki na 2000 cm2 da ruwa mai zurfi na 25-35 cm. An yi amfani da daji na kirfa, da yawa sagittarius bushes, ƙananan tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire masu rufe ƙasa ana amfani dashi azaman madadin. Kuna iya yin ba tare da tsire-tsire ba. Ana kiyaye yawan zafin jiki na ruwa a 22-24 °.
Nan da nan bayan saukowa don farawa ko washegari (da safe), macen tayi jifa daga kwai 200 zuwa 800 a matsayin gilashi. Bayan tsallakewa, masu kera suna cire caviar don gujewa lalacewa.
Larvae ƙyanƙyashe bayan sa'o'i 24, kuma bayan kwanaki huɗu sun juya zuwa soya, fara iyo da abinci a kan ciliates, nauplii da letas ƙasa mai narkewa, daga baya akan ƙananan cyclops.
G.R. Axelrod, W. Worderwinkler a cikin littafin “Encyclopedia of the aquarist” rubuta game da tetragonopterus:
Hemigrammus caudovittatus (tetra-shaped tetra, tetragonopter, tetra-roach). Wannan kifin daga yankin Buenos Aires yana daya daga cikin tetras mafi girma a cikin balagagge, ya kai tsawon 10 cm.
Launinta launuka ne azurf, duk ƙyallen, in banda na pectoral, ja ne mai haske.
Kyakkyawan layin kwance a baki ya ratsa jiki uku bisa ɗari tsawon sa kuma ta tsakiyar wutsiyar, tsallaka ta wani madaidaicin madaidaicin madaidaicin caudal fin da zagaye hudu rawaya. Maza suna da laushi da karami fiye da na mace.
Manyan samfurori masu yawa suna da wuyar fahimta, suna nuna ƙiyayya ga relativesan uwansu, don haka ya kamata a riƙe su tare da manyan kifayen da za su iya jingina kansu.
Ofaya daga cikin dabarun da aka fi so da waɗannan tetras shine yanke shi mai tsayi, ƙashin ciki na ƙyallen ƙwallon gashi da gourami. Matan da suke shirye don yin baƙi suma suna zama masu yawan shiga, suna shiga cikin rikici ko da abokan aurensu na gaba. Sabili da haka, kafin tsinkaye, maza da mata suna shuka mafi kyau.
Suna buƙatar babban (har zuwa 80 l) ƙasa mai fure tare da tsire-tsire masu yawa. Mace mai zafin rai tana buƙatar kulawa da farko, amma tare da farawa, abubuwan zasu fara ci gaba ba tare da rikitarwa ba. Bayan tsallakewa, cire iyayen daga cikin matsalar, in ba haka ba za su ci mafi yawan larvae.
A 25 ° C a cikin 2-2, 5 days, larvae ƙyanƙyashe, da kuma bayan wani kwanaki biyu suka fara iyo. Suna iya ciyar da artemia nan da nan.
M.N. Ilyin a cikin littafin "Aquarium noma kifi" ya rubuta game da HALITTAR HALITA:
Genus Hemigrammus
Halin Hemigrammus yana da kusanci ga Hifessobricon na halittar. Ana iya bambanta wakilan wannan sifofin daga ƙarshen ta hanyar kasancewar sikeli a jikin mutum kusa da fin ɗin caudal.
Yanayin ciyarwa da ciyarwa ana bada shawarar su zama iri ɗaya ga na Hifessobricon, amma, a matsayinka na, chemigrams sun fi son sabbin ruwa kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin oxygen. Wasu daga cikinsu, irin su tetragonopterus, su ma suna cin abincin tsirrai.
Ka'idodin dilution na erythrosonuses iri ɗaya ne da na halittar da ta gabata. Mafi yawancin cututtukan jini suna da sauƙin sauyawa. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da aquariums tare da firam na ƙarfe, ƙarar aquariums don spawning ya kamata ya fi girma.
A cikin kusurwar filayen hutu akwai babban daji na kananan tsirrai-tsirrai ko zaren perlon. Wasu kifayen sun ɓuya cikin in ba su biya. Rabin yawan ƙarawar ruwa ana maye gurbinsa da sabo.
Don spawning, ruwa mai taushi ko matsakaici tare da tsaka tsaki ko ɗanɗanar acidic ana amfani da shi (pH 6.1-7.2).
An sanya mata biyu daga masu kera ko mace guda tare da maza biyu don yin lalata. Ciyarwa yakan faru da safe a ƙarƙashin hasken rana. Mace jefa 12-15 qwai a kan kuma a sake, a total da dama da ɗari ga spawning. Bayan ƙarshen yaduwar abinci, masu samarwa dole ne a sauko dasu.
Larvae ƙyanƙyashe bayan sa'o'i 24-40, rataye a kan tabarau na kwanaki 3-4, sun juya zuwa soya, fara iyo da fara abincin ƙaramin abincin. Bayan kwanaki 8-10, ana iya ciyar da su da ƙananan cyclops.
Tetragonopterus (Hyphessobrycon anisitsi) hoto, kiyaye yanayi, girman, wurin haihuwa, tsayin, bambance-bambancen jinsi, launi, abinci, yanayi, kiwo tetragonopterus, maturation, spawning, soya, Hemigrammus caudovittatus characin ruwan kifin kifi, Buenos Aires Tetra
Takamatsu, ko lu'u-lu'u mai siffa, ko tetragonopterus - kifin kifin Hardy daga Kudancin Amurka. Sauki don kulawa da kulawa. A cikin akwatin kifayen yana da omnivorous. Zan iya kwasar tsire-tsire
Anyi la'akari da shine ainihin kifi don masu fara binciken ruwa. A cikin yanayi mai kyau, tetra mai siffar lu'u-lu'u a zahiri ba shi da lafiya. Don garken mutane 8-10, zaka buƙaci akwatin ruwa na lita 100 ko fiye, saboda waɗannan kifaye ne marasa ƙarfi kuma suna buƙatar akwatin kifaye mai fili.
Da sauƙi yadawa cikin bauta.
Ta Øyvind Holmstad - Na mallaka aiki, CC BY-SA 3.0
Yankin: Kudancin Amurka - Argentina, Paraguay, kudu maso gabashin Brazil (rafukan kogin Parana da Uruguay).
Habitat: mafi yawanci ana samunsu a cikin ƙananan rafuffuka da haraji na koguna, ƙasa da yawa a cikin manyan tashoshin kogin, tafkunan ambaliyar ruwa da na baya.
Bayanin: jikin elongated, dan kadan flattened jiki a tarnaƙi. Akwai karamin adipose fin. Dorsal fin fi da anal. Babban sikeli.
Launi: babban bango shine azurfa tare da tintin fure, launin baya yana launin ruwan kasa-zaitun. Fin, banda pectoral, ja ko launin shuɗi.
Rabin rabi na iris ja ne. A ciki ne ya fi kyau. Wani fili mai launin kore mai shimfiɗa a tsakiyar bangarorin jikin; a gindin wutsiya, sai ya zama wuri mai launin lu'u lu'u-lu'u tare da fitilar haske mai bambanta. Ana samun daidaikun mutane tare da ƙoshin farin caudal.
Girman: a cikin yanayi, tetra mai siffar lu'u-lu'u yana girma zuwa 12 cm, a cikin aquariums yawanci shine 6 cm.
Tsawon rayuwa: Shekaru 5-6.
Akwatin kifayen: filin kallo, saman rufe ta wani murfi.
Bangarori: don ma'aurata kuna buƙatar akwatin kifaye tare da ƙaramin lita 20-30 da tsawon akalla 40 cm, don garken kifin 10-15 - lita 150-200.
Ruwa: dH 8-20 °, pH 5-8, aeration, tacewa, karamin kwarara, canje-canje na mako-mako har zuwa ruwa 20%. Tetra mai siffar lu'u-lu'u yana son sabo, ruwa mai tsabta, kuma yana kula da rashin isashshen sunadarin oxygen.
Zazzabi: 20-26 ° C. Yana yin tsayayya da raguwa mai yawan zafin jiki, har zuwa 12 ° C.
Walkiya: babba, matsakaici.
Priming: duhu tsakuwa mai duhu.
Shuke-shuke lalata plantsan tsire-tsire, don haka ko dai ana amfani da tsire-tsire na wucin gadi ko mai-wuya a cikin zane na akwatin kifaye (Kakwort, kirfa, painbitis, microzorium, moss na Javanese).
Rajista Gudun-gudu, buhunan itace, tushen da sauran kayan ado, ana buƙatar sarari kyauta don iyo.
Ciyarwa: a cikin daji, tetragonopter yana ciyarwa a kan tsutsotsi, ƙwayar cuta, kwari, ciyayi iri iri da detritus. A cikin akwatin ruwa yana da omnivorous - yana ɗaukar shuka (ƙoshin ganye na ɗanye alayyafo, letas, dandelion, nettle), rayuwa (ruwan jini, daphnia, jatan lande), daskararre, bushe da haɗuwa. Ana ciyar da kifi na manya sau 2-3 a rana. Kifi daga kasan abinci yana da shakkar dauka.
Halayyar: nimble, kifi na makaranta, wanda dole ne a kiyaye shi a rukuni na akalla wutsiya 8-10. Tsarin lu'ulu'u mai siffar lu'u-lu'u yana cikin motsi kullun, yana iyo a ko'ina cikin akwatin kifaye, a lokacin tsoro, kifayen suna ɓoye a cikin ganyayyaki. Lokacin da kawai ko aka haɗu, ƙusoshin sun fara lalata maƙwabta a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Halin hali: soyayya. Maza yawanci sukan sami dangantaka a tsakanin su, ba tare da cutar da juna ba.
Yanayin ruwa: tsakiya da ƙananan ruwa na ruwa.
Zai iya ƙunsar tare da: gwargwadon kifi mai zaman lafiya (harsashi, loricaria da kifin kifaye, tetra, rassbori, zebrafish, barb).
Ba za a iya ƙunsar tare da: ƙananan kifi da mai jinkirin, har ma da kifaye tare da ƙoshin ƙanƙani (guppies, scalars, maza).
Albino. Ta Astellar87 - Ownarfin aiki, Bayanin Jama'a
Noman kifi: biyu ko maza mai tsalle (mace 1 da maza biyu). Masu samarwa suna zaune kwana 7-14 kuma suna ciyar da abinci mai yawa. Spaining yana da elongated (saboda yawan adadin soya, yawan adadin 100 lita kuma tsawon 80 cm ko fiye ana buƙatar), aeration da filtration (ta amfani da matattarar turɓawar iska), hasken halitta.
Musanya ruwa: dH 6-15 °, pH 6.5-7.8, T 26-28 ° C, ruwan ya zama sabo. Ana kwance shinge da keɓaɓɓun furanni da dama na kananan tsire-tsire masu rafke a ƙasa. Ana saka kifi a cikin maraice, kuma da safe yakan fara, wanda yakan kai tsawon awanni 2-4. Bayan spawning, maye gurbin zuwa 50-80% na ruwa na wannan abun da ke ciki da yawan zafin jiki.
Banbancin jinsi: mace tana da girma da girma fiye da maza; a cikin namiji, ƙone da ƙashin bayan fitsari suna da tsawo da kaifi.
Balaga: yana faruwa lokacin yana 5-8 watanni.
Yawan caviar: 1000 da ƙari qwai.
Lokacin girman cuta: Awanni 24-36.
Zuriya: soya yin iyo don kwanaki 3-4. A cikin akwatin kifaye masu tasowa, dole ne a sami kyakkyawar haɗi da tacewa.
Yawan girma: soya girma ba tare da bambanta ba, sabili da haka, don hana shari'ar cututtukan dabbobi, ƙananan yara sukan lokaci lokaci da girman su.
Ciyar da ƙananan yara: farawa - “turɓaya mai rai”, rotifers, ciliates, sannan - nauplii na cyclops da brine shrimp.
Tashi daga iyaye: bayan tsinkewa, masu shuka suna shuka.
Hemigrammus - Hemigrammus
Suna zaune a cikin koguna na wurare masu zafi na Kudancin Amurka. A cikin Rasha daga 1908-1910-hgg.
Layin gefe bai cika ba. Akwai fin fin kitsen. Aquariums sun ƙunshi nau'ikan dabbobi sama da arba'in. Yi la’akari da yadda aka saba dasu.
Tetragonopterus, ko tetra-roach (N. caudovittatus). Landasar gida - ƙananan rafin koguna Parana da Uruguay.
Tsawon tsayi har zuwa 10cm. Jikin yana da ƙasa, elongated, matsa a gefe. Shugaban babba. Yankin hancin ya zagaye. Idanun suna da girma. Jawashin muƙamuƙi babba yana da faɗi kuma ya danqaɗa gaba. Dorsal fin kusan triangular; caudal fin karfi da sassaka. Sikeli yana da girma, akwai kuma ƙasan fin fin farin.
Sa canza launi tan, tare da sheen ƙarfe, ciki shine azurfa. Duk ƙeƙasassun banda pectorals suna da ja. Iris ido yana da ja ja. Akwai zabiya waɗanda jikinsu ruwan hoda da zinare.
Tashin hankali da tacewa abu ne kyawawa. Isasa tana da sauƙi, tsire-tsire masu tsabta-ƙananan ne da kuma ƙananan-leaved (nau'in tare da ganye mai laushi kifi nibble, idan ba ku son rasa su, yana da kyau kada ku shuka).
Abincin yana da rai, ya bushe kuma ya zama dole kayan lambu.
Tetragonopterus ya isa balaga lokacin jima'i a watanni shida. Don kiwo, kuna buƙatar aquariums tare da damar 30-50 l don yin tseren biyu, 200 l don rukunin rukunin rukuni.
An sanya raga mai kyalli (filastik ko gas ɗin chlorinated vinyl) a ƙasan, yana wucewa ta hanyar, ƙwai ya nitse ƙasa kuma ya kasance cikin m (masana'antun ba za su iya samun su ba), ana sanya ƙananan tsire-tsire a saman raga.
Makonni biyu kafin tsallakewa, masu kera suna zaune kuma ana ba su abinci da yawa. Rana kafin, ana zuba spawning da ruwa mai tsafta - zazzabi 22- 24 ° С, pH = 6.5-7.
Haihuwa - har zuwa qwai 1,500. Spawning yana da sauri. Bayan an kammala shi, an ƙaraɗa methylene blue a cikin ruwa don caviar da aka adana ba ya lalacewa ko ya ɓace. Manyan ƙyanƙyashe a cikin rana, bayan wasu kwanaki 4-6 sun fara iyo da abinci. Abincin na farko - rotifers, ciliates, a madadin ɗan lokaci - mashed Boiled kwai gwaiduwa.
Rayuwa a cikin aquariums na shekaru 3-4.
Pulcher, Peruvian, ko humpbacked tetra (N. pulcher). Gida na - wuraren shakatawa na Peru.
Tsawon 4-5cm. Jikin yana da ƙarfi, yana matsawa ta gefen. Shugaban, cincin dodo, sikeli, idanun manya, ƙananan muƙamuƙi suna fuskantar gaba. Canza launi Baya baya duhu fiye da ciki. Jiki tare da azurfa, shuɗi ko shuɗi haske. A kan tukunyar caudal, wani yanki mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi da shuɗi.
A samansa akwai igiyar zinari. Kadan kadan akwai layin ja a kai, a kasa (kamar ci gaba da baki weji) biyu. Bandungiyoyi suna ƙarewa a matakin yankin yankin thoracic. Bottomasan kai, makogwaro da ciki suna a cikin shuɗi da koren shuɗi. Insa fan da ba a taɓa sawa suna ɗan ja sosai.
Iris a saman yana mai ja.
Sun ƙunshi, kamar tetragonopterus, amma zafin jiki shine 23-26 ° С. Abincin da aka fi so shine zooplankton, amma ana kuma buƙatar kayan lambu.
Pulchera - garken kifi mai ƙaunar zaman lafiya.
Ana samun balaga cikin watanni 7-10. Don wadatarwa, ana buƙatar duk gilashin ko gilashin plexiglass mai nauyin 6-10 lita. Ruwa zazzabi 26-28 ° С, tauri 1 °, pH = 6-6.5.
A ƙasan ƙasa, an shimfiɗa raga mai ƙoshin lafiya, a kanta akwai itacen kirfa. Haske ya watsa, mai rauni. Yana da wuya a ɗauko masana'antun; ma'aurata masu nasara suna kasancewa bisa ga dabi'a. Amma har yanzu namiji yakamata a sake shi idan ba ayi hakan.
Haihuwa - kimanin 600 qwai. Spawning yana da hadari, yana ɗaukar kimanin awa 2. Bayan an kammala shi, an girgiza caviar.
Vaanyan fari ƙyanƙyashe bayan sa'o'i 14, bayan kwanaki 3-5 sun riga sun yi iyo suna ciyarwa. Abincin farko - rotifers, ciliates.
Erythrosonus, graciliss, tetra fire, or firefly tetra (H. erythrozonus). Gidajen - Wuraren Guyana.
Tsawon 4cm. Jikin yana jujjuyawa, mara nauyi, mara nauyi a hankali. Shugaban yana da girma, idanu suna da girma. Insansun su ƙanana, masu fa'ida. Canza launin rawaya, ciki fari. Daga kai zuwa ƙarshen wutsiya akwai fitila mai haske mai haske, ƙarshen ƙyallen da ƙusoshin ventral fari ne. Iris fentin yana fenti ja da shuɗi a ƙasa. Idan tsoro, kifayen yayi kuru. Namiji ya fi haske, farin farin a saman hancin ya yi fari.
Tainunshi a cikin kananan akwatin ruwa na 30-60, zazzabi 23-25 ° С. An yarda da lokacin zazzabi na ɗan gajeren lokaci zuwa G8 ° C. Hardness 6-8 °, pH = 6.5-7. Peat ruwa. A ƙasa duhu, tsire-tsire ƙananan-leaved da iyo. Yi amfani da snags. Abincin yana raye (ƙarami) da bushe.
Yi iyo a ruwa da tsakiya.
Kifi ya zama mai yin jima'i da watanni 6. Don kiwo kuna buƙatar aquariums tare da karfin 10 lita na plexiglass da gilashin duka. A kasan sa lafiya raga. A kansa - bunch of kirfa ko hygrophilous. Peat ruwa, zazzabi 24-26 ° С, tauri 4-6 °, pH = 6.6-6.8. Haske yana da talauci sosai.
Sau biyu. Tsawon sa'o'i 2-3, macen tayi sama da 500. Manyan ƙyanƙyashe bayan awa 24-30. Bayan kwanaki 5-6, sun fara iyo kuma suna ci.
Abincin farko shine ciliates da rotifers, daga baya - artemia nauplii.
Soya ta girma da sauri. Ana iya amfani da ruwa bayan na farko spawning akai-akai.
Erythrosonuses kifi ne na lumana. Shekarun rayuwa shine shekaru 3.
Hasken walƙiya, ko tetra-walƙiya (H. ocellifer).Gida - Amazon.
Tsawon 4-5cm. Ya yi kama da tetragonopterus a jikin mutum. Amma caudal kara ya fi matsa.
Babban launi shine launin toka-launin toka, ciki shine haske. A garesu a cikin bayan na uku na jikin mutum ya shimfiɗa wani tsiri mai duhu, wanda aka zagaye a gindin caudal fin tare da bugun tsaye. A bakin titi akwai bakin tabo, a bangarorin biyu wadanda akwai fararen dige.
A saman, a ƙarshen farfajiyar caudal, akwai wuri mai haske mai kyau - farin-gwal gaban da kuma orange a baya. Abubuwan Paler na wannan nau'in suna kasancewa a bayan murfin gill kuma a saman idanun. Matsanancin haskoki na ƙashin kai ba fari. Orange gora orange. A cikin lokacin tsintsar ciki, namiji zai bayyana akan fin tsinke tare da tsirin kiwo. AT.
ta hanyar walƙiya, mafitsara iyo na ruwa a bayyane yake bayyane a gareshi, ɓangare cikin mata.
Ya ƙunshi tetragonopterus. Amma zazzabi ruwa shine 23-27 ° С, tauri shine 15 °, kuma pH = 6.5-7. An canza kwata na yawan ruwa a mako.
Balagagge yakan faru ne a watanni 8. Don kiwo, kuna buƙatar aquariums tare da ƙananan yanki na 900-100 santimita. Cm da sashin ruwa mai tsawo na 15-20 cm. Zazzabi 25-28 ° С, tauri daga 2 zuwa 15 °, pH = 6.2. Amfani da ƙananan tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire a cikin kusurwar spawning da 2-3 saggitariya daji a cikin cibiyar.
Haɗa kai ko gungun mutane (mace ɗaya da namiji) tsawon sa'oi 2-3. Haihuwa - sama da qwai 500. Manyan ƙyanƙyashe bayan awa 24-30. Bayan kwana hudu, sai suka fara yin iyo sosai da kuma ci. Abincin farko - ciliates, rotifers.
Kifi mai salama. Tsammani na rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 6.
Rhodostomus, ko kuma ja-nosed tetra (H. rhodostomus). Gida - Amazon Delta.
Tsawon tsayi har zuwa 6cm. Jikin yana da elongated, a sifa yayi kama da jikin erythrosonus. Sautin launi na gaba ɗaya shine azurfa tare da launuka masu launin shuɗi-violet. Snout, idanu, na sama na kai mai haske ja.
Daga murfin murfin, launin launi yana tafiya tare da tsakiyar jikin mutum, yana matsawa da bacewa a matakin ƙarshen ƙashin da ke cikin hakoran.
A ƙarshen farfajiyar caudal akwai farar fata a sasanninta wanda akwai guda huɗu baƙaƙen fuka-fukan cikin madara: guda biyu na baya kaɗan ne, kuma na gaba na onasan da ke jikin caudal lobes suna da yawa.
Lokacin balaga ya kai ga watanni 8-10. Haihuwa - har zuwa qwai 250.
Kifi mai son zaman lafiya. Rayuwa daga shekaru 3 zuwa 5.
Marginatus, baƙar fata, ko daskararren-tailed, tetra (H. marginatus). Gidaje - wuraren ajiyar Kudancin Amurka daga Venezuela zuwa Argentina.
Tsawon tsayi har zuwa 8cm. Tsarin jiki, kamar walƙiyar tetra. Launi mai launin toka-zaitun, tare da kayan adon na azurfa. Tare da bangarorin akwai faɗin babban zinare. Fwannin suna amintattu. A gindin caudal fin kuma a tsakiyar sa akwai aibobi masu duhu. Gill ya rufe da sheen zinare. A kan ciyawar wutsiya, jerin zinare a saman.
Haihuwa - har zuwa qwai 400. Tashin hankali yakan faru da asuba, a farkon safiya.
Masu kera suna cin abincin caviar. Don adana shi, dole ne a fitar da duka biyu nan da nan bayan ɓarnar.
Costello, tetra kore, ko kore neon (N. hyanyary). Gida na - wuraren shakatawa na Brazil.
Tsawon zuwa 4cm. Jikinsa ya kasance siriri, mai tsawon rai, a kaman kifin yayi kama da erythrosone. Babban launi shine launin kore-kore. A baya ne Emerald, tare da tsakiyar jiki shimfiɗa mai ruwan hoda mai tsiri mai haske.
Bayan fin kitsen a farfajiya akwai faffan launin shuɗi, a ƙasa akwai yanki mai baƙi, yana wucewa zuwa tsakiyar fin ƙasan caudal kuma yana kewaye da tabar milki. Dige masu launin ja akan murfin murfin. Ofarshen ƙusoshin marasa lahani fari ne.
Iris ido kore ne. Mata sun fi girma fiye da maza.
Haihuwa - har zuwa qwai 250. Larvae ƙyanƙyashe bayan 1.5-2 kwana, bayan 4-6 suka fara iyo da kuma ciyar. Abincin farko - ciliates, rotifers. Bayan kadan daga baya - nauplii artemia.
Commonlyarancin yau da kullun, a cikin yanayi iri ɗaya, suna kiyayewa da haifar da layi uku, madaidaiciya, mai launin zinare, launi ɗaya, tetras mai ruwan hoda, Scholz chemigrams, ja-dot, siriri, da sauransu.