Daman Burma (Bishirin Heterohyrax) - Wakilin kadai na dangin Mountain Damans. An ba shi takamaiman sunan don girmamawa ga ɗan ƙasar Scotland James Bruce (1730-1794). Tsawon tsayin jikin mutum shine 32.5-56 cm, nauyi yana daga kilogram 1.3 zuwa 4.5. Maza da mata kusan ba sa bambanta cikin girma, duk da cewa yawanci mata galibi ne. Ruwan dutsen yana da tazara fiye da Cape, yana da makarkataccen makami. A waje, ya ɗan yi kama da alade na Guinea ko ƙurar ƙasa. Gashin gashin kansa mai kauri ne, mara nauyi ne, mara nauyi ne, duk da cewa gashin da ya rage ya fi na Cape Daman kyau, har zuwa tsawon mm 30, tare da baƙar fata. Gashin ciki (har zuwa 1.5 cm tsayi) na Bruce dam yana kewaye da gashin elongated, yawanci launinta launin rawaya ne (saboda haka ɗayan jinsunan shine “damana mai launin shuɗi”). A fuskar wannan dabbar, tsawan tsayi (har zuwa 90 mm) tsayayyiya suna birgewa. Hannun daman daman kwararru ne na motsawa a kan duwatsu masu laushi - sun gaza ne kuma suna da laushi daga rufin fata, kuma kayan aikin tsokoki suna ba da damar kafa ya dauki nauyin shan kofin. Thermoregulation, kamar kowane damans, ba shi da ƙarancin ci gaba, yanayin zafin jiki ya bambanta daga 24 zuwa 35˚C ya danganta da yanayin zafin jiki. An kare ɗalibin daga haske mai haske ta fuskoki na musamman na iris, wanda ke ba daman damar duban rana kai tsaye, wannan na'urar juyin halitta ta ba shi damar sauƙaƙe masu hasashen a cikin hasken rana mai haske.

Habitat

Daman Bruce An rarraba shi a Gabas da Afirka ta kudu daga Kudu maso Gabashin Masar (tekun Red Sea), Sudan da Habasha zuwa Tsakiyar Angola da Arewacin Afirka ta kudu, an samu yawan mutanen da ke cikin su a Algeria, Tsakiyar Sahara, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo. Mazaunin wannan dutsen yana da tsaunuka masu dutse, ƙyalli da gangaren tsauni zuwa tsaunin 3,800 m sama da matakin teku.

Rayuwa da halaye

Dam Bruce - Dabbobin mulkin mallaka. Yawan mazaunan ƙasar sun saba da mutane 34, tushenta shine ƙungiyar iyali mai hayan giya (harem). Rukunin sun hada da mazan da suka manyanta, har ya zuwa mata 17 masu girma da kuma kananan dabbobi. Wadannan dabbobin suna aiki da rana, kuma a daren mai haske mai cike da haske. Rami tsakanin duwatsu, fasa da toka ya zama mafaka ga damana. Waɗannan dabbobin suna da kaifin idanu da ji, idan kuma aka kawo musu hari, sukan kare kansu da haƙoransu. Idan akwai wani hadari, madatsar ruwa ta fitar da wasu kararraki, suna tilasta sauran dabbobin wannan nau'in su boye a mafaka. Suna iya saurin gudu har zuwa 5 m / s, sun yi tsalle sosai.

Me Damomin Bruce suke ci?

Waɗannan ƙananan dutsen suna cin abincin yau da kullun na tsire-tsire. Suna jin daɗin ci harbe-harbe, ganye mai kyau, 'ya'yan itatuwa, har ma da haushi. Babban tushen shuka na madatsar ruwan Bruce shine allophius (wani nau'in Acacia). Irin wannan nau'in dabba ba zata buƙatar sha ruwa ba, tunda duk danshi mai mahimmanci don kula da mahimman ayyuka yana fitowa ne daga abinci. Af: damina masu dutsen suna cin abinci, an taru a cikin kananan kungiyoyi.

Ko ta yaya, waɗannan dabbobi dabbobi ne masu mulkin mallaka. A cikin rukuni ɗaya na iya rayuwa daga mutum 30 zuwa 34, waɗanda mazan suka manyanta ke jagoranta. Jagora yana alamar yankinsa, yana nuna iyakokin abubuwan mallaka.

Bruce Damans suna zaune ne a yankuna.

Wadannan dabbobin suna aiki da rana. Komawa rana, tsoffin dutsen suna lura da ajalinsu, ladarsa kuma suna haɗu da shi. Bruce Damans masu riƙe da hangen nesa ne da kyakkyawan ji. Kuma suna da ƙarfi sosai, yana faruwa idan hatsari ya same su. Ta wannan hanyar, suna gargadin fellowan uwansu ɗaurarru cewa lallai ne a ɓoye su a cikin mafaka.

Game da kiwon madatsar ruwa

Wakilan wannan nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa suna shirye don fara kiwo a duk shekara. A garesu, babu wani takamaiman lokacin da zazzagewar lokacin kiwo, kodayake ganiya ta musamman na faruwa ne a ƙarshen lokacin rigar. Matar tana ɗaukar jariri tsawon watanni 6.5 - 7.5. A cikin tsawan tsafin mace guda ɗaya, ana iya haihuwar 1aya 1 zuwa 2. Lokacin haihuwa, nauyin jarirai bai wuce gram 230 ba. A cikin watanni shida na farko, uwa mai kulawa tana ciyar da yaran tare da madara.

Bruce Damans suna zaune ne a Afirka.

Matashiyar ta kasance tare da iyayensu har tsawon watanni 30 ba tare da karshen shayarwa ba, sannan saurayi ya je ya kirkiro daulolin kansu, kuma budurwa ta kasance cikin dangin iyayen kuma suna ci gaba da yin kiwo a ciki.

Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.

Bayani Gabaɗaya

Waɗannan dabbobi sune girman cat a cikin gida: tsayin jiki daga 30 zuwa 60-65 cm, nauyi daga 1.5 zuwa 4.5 kg.

Wutsiyar tana da laushi (1-3 cm) ko bata nan.

A bayyanar, damin yayi kama da dirkoki - marmots mara wutsiya ko manyan aladu - duk da haka, sun kasance dabbobin da ke kusa da giwaye.

Abubuwan jikinsu mai laushi ne, ba makawa, tare da babban kai a kan ɗan gajeren lokacin farin ciki da gajere amma kafafu masu ƙarfi.

Guguwar gajeran gajarta ce, tare da lebe na sama da aka zana.

Kunnuwa suna zagaye, karami, wani lokacin kusan a ɓoye a cikin mayafin. Rewayoyin dakatarwa suna motsawa.

Hannun yatsun yatsun hannu 5-da yatsun hannu masu yatsu masu kama da juna.

Hagu guda biyu yatsun hannu uku ne, yatsa na ciki yana dauke da dogon ƙusa mai tsayi, wanda zai taimaka wajan magance gashi, da sauran yatsun - yatsun da aka yi da hoofu.

Hannun kafafu ba su da tsayi, an rufe shi da karen roba-kamar bakin ciki, duwatsun gland wanda yake buɗe a farfajiyar su, wanda ke sanya fata a koda yaushe.

Za'a iya ɗaukar ɓangaren tsakiyar ɓangaren ƙafafun ƙafa ta tsokoki na musamman, ƙirƙirar nau'in sucker. Rigar fata yana inganta tsotsa.

Godiya ga wannan na'urar, madatsun ruwa na iya hawa tsaunin tsaunin tudu da ramuka na bishiyoyi tare da tsafta da sauri kuma har ma sun gangara daga saman su.

Jahilcin damans yana da kauri, an yi shi da taushi da laushi. A launi yawanci launin ruwan kasa launin toka ne. Bunches na tsoka mai tsayi yana girma a jikin mutum (musamman akan mucks a saman idanun da a wuya).

A tsakiyar bayan akwai wani yanki na gashi mai santsi, mai haske ko duhu, a tsakiyar wanda akwai ɓangaren ɓoye.

A farfajiyarta, dupe na filin glandular musamman ya buɗe - glandar glandon 7-8 lobes wanda aka kafa ta glandon hypertrophic da gland gland.

Theamala ta ɓoye ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen da ke ƙosar da ƙarfi a lokacin kiwo.

A cikin madatsar ruwa matasa, ba a haɓaka baƙin ƙarfe ko mara kyau, a cikin mata yana ƙasa da na maza.

Tare da tsoro ko tashin hankali, gashin da ke rufe glandon yana tashi a tsaye. Ba a san ainihin dalilin glandon ba.

Hakadai hakora a cikin manya manya 34, madara - 28.

Abun da ke cikin babban muƙamula tare da haɓaka girma, yaɗuwar sararin samaniya kuma yana kama da abubuwan da ke lalata sarƙoƙin tsoka.

Fananka suka ɓace Gyaran motsi da motsi suna kama da hakoran ungulates.

Kwanyar tare da jujimai marasa galihu Kannoni: 1 biyu na thoracic da 2 nau'i biyu na inguinal ko 1 nau'i na axillary da 1-2 - inguinal.

Asalin Damans

Tsoffin burbushin dam din sun kasance ne a zamanin marigayi Eocene (shekaru miliyan 40 da suka gabata).

Shekaru miliyoyin da yawa, magabatan dam ɗin sune sune manyan wuraren cinikin ƙasa a cikin Afirka, yayin da a cikin gasar Miocene tare da alamun bai fitar da su daga tsohuwar rayuwar kimiyyar halittu ba.

Ko ta yaya, Dam din ya kasance wani yanki mai yawan gaske, wanda ya mamaye yawancin Afirka, Asiya da Kudancin Turai a cikin Pliocene.

Damisa na zamani dana zamani ya zama kusa da proboscis, wanda suke da kamanni dayawa a tsarin hakora, kwarangwal da mahaifa.

Akwai ra'ayi cewa "hares" da aka ambata a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki, kalmar da "shafan" ta nunashafan ) hakika damans ne.

Daga nesa, da gaske suna kama da manyan zomaye.

Daga Ibrananci, wannan kalma ta shiga yaren Fenia, waɗanda a fili suka ɗauki kuskuren zomaye na berasar Iberian for damans, suna ba ƙasar suna I-shapan-im , Daman Coast.

Daga baya daga wannan sunan ya zo Latin Hispania da "Spain" ta zamani.

"Sunan" daman "asalin asalin Arab ne kuma yana nufin" rago ".

Rarrabawa

Har zuwa 'yan kwanan nan, dangin Daman sun kirkiri nau'ikan 10-11 zuwa 11 mallakar mallakar 4 ne. Bayan 1995, adadin nau'in ya rage zuwa 4 kawai:

• Daman Family (Procaviidae )
  • Damm Dam DamDendrohyrax )
    • Daman Daman (Dendrohyrax arboreus )
    • Daman WesternDendrohyrax dorsalis )
  • Damans DamHeterohyrax )
    Heterohyrax brucei )
• Rocky DamansProcavia )
  • Cape Daman (Procavia capensis )

Wannan tsari ya haɗu da gidan iyali na Procavidae na zamani, gami da ƙari 3 da kusan nau'ikan 10.

A waje, daman su kamar na zomo ne, ko shimfiɗaɗɗen filawa ko kuma babban kanti. Tsawon jikinsu ya kasance daga 30 zuwa 60 cm, babu wutsiya, ko tsawonsa yakai cm 1 cm, yawan dabbar yana daga 1, 5 zuwa 4, 5 kg. Guguwar gajere ce, tare da lebe na sama da aka fizge, kunnuwan suna kanana, a wasu nau'ikan sun kusan ɓoye a cikin mayafin, ƙafafu suna gajeru amma masu ƙarfi. Kafafun gaba suna da yatsun kafa huɗu da fararen yatsu mai kama da fari, kafafun hular suna da yatsun kafa uku, yatsun ciki yana ɗaukar ƙyallen dogon hanci, sauran kuma suna da manyan yatsun da aka yi kama, kamar a ƙafafun gaba. Akwai safa a kan soles mai kafaɗa, kuma ɓangaren tsakiyar ɓangaren arch na tafin ana iya ɗaukar shi ta tsokoki yayin da ake tallafawa akan abin da ake canzawa, wanda ke haifar da wuri, kuma pawatsin ya tsaya akan dutsen ko gungumen itace. Garfin gabobi, don ɓoye ɓoyayyun ɓoye, suna ba da gudummawa ga ƙarfi tsofin ɗan tafin kafa. Godiya ga wannan na'urar, madatsun ruwa na iya gudana sama da ƙasa da tsaunuka na tsaye da dogayen bishiyoyi tare da tsafta da sauri. Milk hakora - 28, dindindin - 34-38, Kadai biyu na babban incisors tare da ci gaban girma rasa enamel a cikin farfajiya na ciki kuma yayi kama da tsokar incisors. Diastema mai yawa tana raba incisors daga wajan canines guda biyu (na iya zama baya nan). Antibody (4/4) kuma musamman hakora (3/3) hakora sunyi kama da hakoran ungulates. An raba ciki zuwa sassan 2. A bayan bankunan akwai babban filin glandular wanda ke da hannun jari na 7-8 - glandar spinal, mahimmancin abin da ba a sani ba. A cikin 'yan mata matasa ne ƙarancin bunƙasa, kuma a cikin mata - ƙasa da maza. Idan tsoro ko jin daɗi, gashin da yake rufe glandar (suna da launi daban-daban da gashi akan duka bayan baya) yana tous, yana tona asirin ciki wanda ake fitar da abu mai ƙanshi.

Gashin damans mai yawa ne, yana da laushi mai laushi da rumfa mai kauri. A jikin (musamman akan fuska a sama da idanun da a wuyan) akwai jerin doguwar fa'ida. Launin Jawo sau da yawa launin ruwan kasa-launin toka tare da tabarau daban-daban, amma a koyaushe akwai tabo na haske ko baƙar fata a cikin kashin baya.

Damans suna zaune a Afirka, kudu maso yamma Asiya (Larabawa Larabawa). Yawan nau'ikan madatsun ruwa suna zaune a kan duwatsu, suna hawan tsaunin tuddai zuwa tsaunin 4,500 m saman matakin teku, ko tsakanin duwatsun da shukoki a cikin filayen busassun. Matattarar ruwa na gandun daji Su masu herbivorous ne, amma kuma yawancin su ma suna cin kwari da lardin su. Damans iri iri a shekara. Mahaifarsu tana tsawon watanni 7-7, watanni 5. Arearamin da aka haife shi da ƙwarewa, mai gani, an rufe shi da ulu ba da daɗewa ba za su sami 'yanci.

Ba a bayyana asalin daman ba. Zai yiwu sun kasance kusa da proboscis. A cikin ƙasa mai tushe, an san damuna daga farkon Oligocene na Afirka. A cikin Pliocene, ban da Afirka da kudu maso yamma Asiya, sun kasance gama gari a kudancin Turai.

Damans na Itace (Dendrohyrax dorsalis, D. validus, D. arboreus) suna zaune a cikin gandun daji na Tsakiyar da Afirka ta Kudu. An samo su a saman tsaunuka zuwa tsaunin 4500 m sama da matakin teku. Jawo damansen itace ya fi tsayi kuma siliki fiye da sauran nau'in. Launi na saman jiki mai launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi tare da launin shuɗi da launin shuɗi saboda haske masu launin gashi. Gashin gwal yana rufe da farin gashi. Dogayen farin gashi ya rufe bakin kunnuwa. Surfaceashin ƙasa na jiki launin ruwan kasa ne. An bambanta damina na katako ta bayanai dalla-dalla game da tsarin hakora da inuwa a canza launin Jawo. Tsawon jikinsu shine abinci 40-60, wutsiyarsu 1-Zele ce, kuma nauyinsu shine 1, 5 - 2, 5.

Damans na katako suna da hannu sosai: suna sauri da sauri suna saukar da bishiyoyi, suna tsalle daga reshe zuwa reshe. Wadannan dabbobin ba su da labari kuma sabili da haka. Koyaya, a maraice, gandun daji yana cike da kukansu, suna sanar da cewa madatsar ruwan madara ke ciyar da su. Da daddare, sautin ya yi laushi, amma ya sake cika gandun daji kafin wayewar gari, lokacin da dabbobin su dawo gida. Kiran madatsar bishiyoyi ya ƙunshi jerin saututtukan croaking masu ƙarewa cikin mawuyacin hali. Muryoyin damuna na bishiyoyi daban-daban sun sha bamban. Ta hanyar yin kururuwa, mutum na iya bambanta namiji daga mace. Damans suna ihu kawai a cikin bishiyoyi. Wataƙila, kukan damisa alamu ne na cewa ƙasar ta mamaye. Damans suna jagorantar tsarin rayuwa. Wani sashin mutum na wannan dabba kusan 0.25 km2.

Damans suna ciyar da ganye, ganye, matafila da sauran kwari. Sau da yawa sukan gangara don ciyar da ƙasa, inda suke cin ciyawa da tara kwari, suna kwana a ɓoye ko kuma kambi na itace a tsakanin ɗan adam mai girma.

Babu takamaiman lokacin kiwo, kuma suna kawo cuba allan shekara duk shekara. Ciki yakan kai watanni 7. Yawancin lokaci kawo daya, da wuya biyu cubs. An haife su ta gani, an rufe su da ulu, manya-manyan (kusan rabin tsawon mahaifiyar) kuma 'yan sa'o'i bayan haihuwa sun riga sun hau bishiyoyi. Sun kai ga balaga cikin shekaru 2.

Babban maqiyan madatsar ruwa itace damisa, macizai da kuma tsuntsayen dabbobin da suka farauto. Idan akwai haɗari, madatsar ruwan ta dauki matsayin halayyar, suna juya baya ga abokan gaba kuma suna lalata gashi a cikin glandar gland domin a fallasa filin glandular. Mazauna karkara a ko'ina suna kama madatsun ruwa, tunda naman waɗannan dabbobin suna da inganci. A cikin zaman talala, gwanayen katako da sauri suna zama hora, suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 6-7.

Kyau dutse , ko launin toka , Daman (Hete-rochyrax) ya haɗa da nau'ikan 5 ko 6 masu alaƙa waɗanda ke Tsakiya da Afirka ta Kudu. Tsayin jiki 30-38 cm, nauyi - 4, 7-3, 5 kilogiram, ba wutsiya. An rufe jiki tare da gajeru, mahimmin m. A saman shi mai launin ruwan kasa-launin fata, tare da launin duhu saboda rabe-raben kungiyoyin gashi tare da baƙar fata. Gashin gwal yana rufe da launin fari mai launin shuɗi. Kasan jikin ta fari. Hanyoyin damina ta dutse, gami da waɗanda ke zaune a tsibiran da ke tafkin Victoria, sun banbanta game da tsarin hakora da launi.

Rashin tsaunin tsaunin yana zaune ne a tsaunuka, tsaunin dutse daga bakin tekun zuwa wani tsauni na 3800 m sama da matakin teku. Sun zauna a cikin yankuna daga daruruwan da dama zuwa daruruwan dabbobi.

Damansar tsaunika suna aiki yayin rana, saboda haka suna cikin saukin lura. Da safe, lokacin hasken rana na farko, sukan bayyana a kan dutse da duwatsu, suna shiga cikin rana, kamar masu ruwa da jijiyoyi. Da farko, suna motsa kadan kuma suna kwance a kabari har sai (kamar yadda binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna) zafin jikinsu ya tashi daga 34 zuwa 39 °. Bayan sun yi ɗumi, suna ta wasa da rai a tsakanin duwatsun, suna wasa da juna. Ba da da ewa, damans (da farko mata) fara ciyar. A wata 'yar karamar hatsari, wadannan dabbobin suna bin sawun a hankali suna boyewa a cikin tsakuwa ko cikin dunkulewar duwatsu. Koyaya, suna da matukar son sani, kuma ba da daɗewa ba daga cikin duwatsun nan kuma can ana jin kukan kuma fuskokin dabbobi sun bayyana. Idan kun zauna har yanzu a tsakiyar yankin, to madatsar ruwa ta fara sake yin wasanni, ci gaba da ciyarwa ko kwanduna, ya yadu akan dutse. Koyaya, suna gani suna ji sosai: ƙaramin motsi ko danna kyamara suna sa dabbobi su ɓoye.

Mafi yawan lokacin zafi a Afirka, madatsun ruwa suna ciyarwa marasa motsi, suna kwance a kan duwatsun, suna shimfida kafafunsu zuwa ga bangarorin kuma juya sama, a bayyane wannan alama ce ta yau da kullun saboda gaskiyar cewa daman suna da glandon goruba kawai a kan soles.

Zuwa maraice, a 4-18 p.m., damans ɗin suna sake ciyarwa, tono ƙyallen, lemo ko kama fara. Sukan kwana a cikin duwatsun inda suke yin shinge a ciki. Dabbobi da yawa suna taruwa a wani gida mai tarin yawa a cikin gida, wanda yake taimaka musu su riƙe babban zazzabi, tunda yanayinsu yana ƙanƙantar da su.

A cikin gida iri ɗaya na ulu, mace yawanci yakan shigo da 'ya'ya biyu, wani lokacin kuma ɗaya ko uku.(Heterochyrax brucei yana da matsakaitan matsakaita 1, 7 a kowace mace.) Cutar ciki tana kimanin watanni 7, 5 (matsakaicin kwanaki 225). Ruwan tsaunin Mountain yakan haifar tsawon shekara, amma yawancin lokuta matasa kan fito a watan Fabrairu - Maris, kafin lokacin damina. Za a haife su gani, an rufe su da ulu kuma bayan fewan awanni tuni sun gudu.

Babban magabatan madatsar ruwan dutse sune Pythons, mongooses, da kuma tsuntsayen ganima. Aborigines suna kama madatsun ruwan dutse kuma suna cin namansu, amma ya fi namomin katako kyau. A cikin zaman talala, madatsun ruwa na tsauni suna rayuwa da kyau, amma yawanci suna zama masu tsaurin ra'ayi, da karfin gwiwa don kare kansu, ta amfani da kaifi, haƙora mai ƙarfi.

Kyau m ko hamada , madatsar ruwa (Procavia) ya haɗa da nau'ikan 3 da aka rarraba a Afirka da kuma yankin Larabawa. Tsawon jikinsu shine 30-55 cm, nauyi - 1, 4-2 kg. Babu wani wutsiya a waje. Jawo ba gajera, mara nauyi. A saman, ana fentin sautin launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, ana walƙiya akan bangarorin. Ofarshen jiki shine kirim. Gefen hancin an rufe shi da ratsi baƙar fata. A kan mucks akwai doguwar gashin baki baki (tsawan tsayi har zuwa 18 cm). Damatsin dutse yana bambanta da launuka daban-daban, girmansa da cikakkun bayanai game da tsarin hakora. A waje, musamman daga nesa, madatsun dutse, kamar na tsauni, suna matuƙar tunatar da manya manyan kantunan marmots mara wutsiya.

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Wadannan madatsar ruwa suna zaune a kan duwatsu, matattara masu cike da farin-ciki, kwararowar hamada ko kuma ciyawar daji. Sukan sami mafaka a cikin duwatsu ko su haƙa rami tsakanin Tushen daji.

Damatsin dutse yana zaune a yankuna daga dabbobi 5-6 zuwa 50. Suna aiki yayin rana, amma wasu lokuta sukanzo suhadu a wajan dare. Ba kamar sauran madatsun ruwa ba, suna ciyar da ciyawa, ganye da hawan ciyawa, kuma suna cin abincin dabbobi, musamman fari. Duk da gajerun kafafu, dabbobin suna da wayau kuma suna gudu daga tsari a nisan mil 3.

Propagate duk shekara zagaye. Ciki yakan kai tsawon watanni 7, 5. Mace yawanci suna haihuwar Yuni - Yuli, bayan ƙarshen ruwan sama. Mace sau da yawa tana da 'yan biyu, ba sau 3 ba (a cikin Procavia habessinica da P. johnstoni a matsakaita 1, 9 cubs ga kowace mace). Dabbobin za a haife su gani kuma an rufe su da ulu, bayan 'yan sa'o'i kaɗan sai suka bar gida (a cikin rami ko tsakanin duwatsu) kuma za su fara gudu. Mace Cape Daman (P. capensis) ya haɗu har zuwa cuba 6a 6, kuma jariranta ba su da girma fiye da sauran madatsar ruwa, kuma ta kasance kusa da mahaifiyarta na wani lokaci.

Babban makiyan daman sune damisa, damisa, dawakai, biri da tsuntsayen da suka farauto. Lokacin da abokan gaba suka kawo hari, daman ba wai kawai ta sami matsayi na kariya ba, yana fallasa maganin kashin baya, wanda ulu ke tsaye a ƙarshensa, amma kuma yana kare kansa da haƙoransa masu ƙarfi. Yan gari suna cin naman daman abinci.

A cikin bauta, damans na iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 5-6. Matasa suna da ban dariya da shaye-shaye, tsofaffi mugaye ne.

- kamewa, nau'in tsarin haraji a harafin dabbobi. A O., dangi masu dangantaka suna da haɗin kai. Misali, dangin canids, raccoon, mustelids, kuliyoyi da sauransu sun zama magabatan O.

Fassarar Mutuwar dabbobi

- nau'in haraji a cikin dabbobin dabbobi. Unitsungiyoyi masu alaƙa suna haɗuwa cikin ƙungiya. Kusa da rukunin suna ɗayan aji. A cikin ilimin tsirrai na tsire-tsire, oda ta dace da tsari.

Farkon ilimin kimiyyar zamani

- onomungiyar kwayoyin halitta mai lafuzza tare da matsayi sama da dangi da ke ƙasa da aji.

Anthropology na jiki. Dictionaryagararren Misalai

- gyara shi. 1) Yankunan yanki na ITU. A cikin mulkin mallaka, fursunoni sun kasu kashi biyu zuwa 100 mutane 200. A e akwai kungiyoyi masu samarwa daga 2 zuwa 5. A cikin VTK, sun kasu kashi biyu zuwa 20-30.

Ictionaryamus na supplementarshen ƙarin bayani na cikakken bayani na I. Mostitsky

- m. Tsararren gungun mutane don haɗin gwiwar ayyukan haɗin gwiwa. - An sanya wani ɓaɓɓata don ɓullo da ƙarafan zinare da aka samo. GZh, 1841, No. 1: 2, minungiyar hakar gwal ta ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi 2.

Kundin fasalin ma'adanin zinare na Daular Rasha

- gungun dabbobi masu shayarwa. Suna cikin alƙaluma, amma suna kama da abubuwa kamar gwal a bayyane. Tsayin jiki 30-60 cm, wutsiya 1-3 cm, nauyi zuwa 3 kg. 7 jinsuna a Asiya da Afirka. Wasu madatsun ruwa suna zaune a cikin gandun daji, wasu kuma a tsaunuka, masu tsaunuka.

- taxonomic. rukuni a cikin karatun mata. A cikin O. ku haɗa dangi. dangi. Misali. wolf, raccoon, Marten, feline, da dai sauransu. Rufe O. ke yin aji, wani lokacin kuma da farko sai mai sarki.

Tarihin Halitta. Kundin sani Encyclopedic

- a cikin zoology, nau'in taxonomic wanda yake haɗa dangi mai dangi.

Babban ƙamus na likita

- a cikin dabarun dabbobi - nau'ikan ƙarƙashin aji kuma an rarraba shi zuwa sem. Wasu lokuta wasu O. da yawa suna shiga cikin wani babban sarki ko kuma O. sun watse cikin ƙananan bayanai.

• - Faty, rarar dabbobi masu shayarwa. Tsayin jiki 30-60 cm, wutsiya 1-3 cm, nauyi zuwa kilogiram 4,5. A cikin bayyanar da tsarin hakoran suna kama da ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙwalwa, asalinsu kusancin giwaye ne.
• - Na yi oda a cikin tsarin dabbobi, nau'in tsarin haraji yana haɗu da iyalai da yawa. Kusa da O. gyara aji.

  Babban Encyclopedia na Soviet

• - fitarwa ga dabbobi masu shayarwa. A waje yayi kama da rodents. Tsayin jiki 30-60 cm, wutsiya 1-3 cm. jinsuna 11, a Asiya da Afirka. Wasu madatsun ruwa suna zaune a cikin gandun daji a kan bishiyoyi, wasu kuma a tsaunika, da dutse.
• - a cikin ilimin halitta - nau'in haraji a cikin dabbobin dabbobi. Kungiyoyi masu alaƙa suna da haɗin kai cikin rukuni. Misali, wolf, raccoon, Marten, feline, da sauran iyalai suna danganta matakin tsinkaye.

  Babban Kundin Tsarin Encyclopedic

  - a cikin harkokin soja, 1) kirkirar soja ko wani lokaci na dindindin ko dindindin da aka kirkira don aiwatar da kowane soja ko manufa ta musamman.

  Babban Kundin Tsarin Encyclopedic

  Ellingarshen fassarar ƙamus ɗin harshen Rasha

  - An kirkiro daga fi'ili - "ba", hawa zuwa tushe na jerin. A zahiri "matsi."

  Tyamus ɗin Etymological na harshen Rasha Krylova

  Ina so in san komai

  

  Damans wasu ƙananan dabbobi ne, masu kama da dabbobin ƙasa, kuma lokacin da damina aka buɗe, da farko sun yi kuskure don ƙwaƙwalwa. Bayan wani lokaci, da aka mai da hankali sosai kan yadda aka nuna sifofin gabobinsu, an lasafta su azaman artiodactyls ne, kuma a tsakiyar karni na XIX, bayan gano kamannin ruwan tare da giwayen, an sanya su izuwa wani yanki mai zaman kansa. An yi bayanin dangantakar damina da keɓaɓɓu da giwayen ta kasance tare da kasancewar magabatan nesa na dukkanin waɗannan dabbobin - mafi tsufa na yanki, wanda daga duk dabbobin zamani masu zuwa.

  

  An raba damana zuwa abubuwa 3: itace, dutse da madatsun ruwa. Dukkanin madatsun ruwa suna zaune a cikin tsaunuka a tsaunin 5200 m sama da matakin teku. Ruwan madatsar ruwa na zama a cikin dazuzzukan tuddai na Afirka. Gwararan tsaunin dutse sun gwammace wuraren da babu dutse a ciki. Kuma ana samun ruwan madatsun dutse ba wai kawai a tsaunuka ba ne, har ma a cikin jejin hamada, savannas da kuma wasu hanyoyin Afirka, Arabia, Siriya da Falasdinu. Dukkanin madatsun ruwa sunyi hawa daidai tare da kusan ƙwanƙolin maƙasudin duwatsu ko kuma itacen tsohuwa. Girman ƙasa yana da yalwa, kullun, kamar roba, soles da kuma ƙarancin waɗannan dabbobi masu dattako, suna taimaka musu su daina zamewa.

  

  Damans na katako suna zama a cikin iyalai: uba, inna da sasan. Da rana suna barci a cikin kogon bishiyoyi, kuma da yamma sukan fita neman ganye ganyayyaki da kwari. Damans na bishiyoyi ba sa hawa bishiyoyi, amma da sauri suna hawa da sauka na kututture maras kyau kuma cikin hikima suna tashi daga reshe zuwa reshe.

  

  Dutse mai tsaunuka da tsaunuka sun gwammace zama a cikin manyan yankuna, wani lokacin har zuwa daruruwan mutane. Kasancewa a wuraren buɗe ido, abu ne mafi aminci ga kasancewa tare tare - kuma za ku lura da mai ƙaddara cikin lokaci, kuma ya fi sauƙi a tsare tare.

  

  'Ya'yan Daman sun bayyana a shekara-shekara. Dutsen tsaunin dutse da daskararre yawanci suna da ƙwatan 1-3. Ana daukar Cape Dam a matsayin mafi mahimmanci, wanda a ciki kusan yara 6 ana iya haihuwa a lokaci guda. Selsa'idodin jarirai masu tasowa cikakke, an rufe su da ulu da mai gani, suna shirye don rayuwa mai yanci, kodayake suna ƙarƙashin kulawa na iyaye. Tun yana dan shekara 2, matasa yan takaran sun fara yan uwa. Damans baya rayuwa tsawon lokaci - kusan shekaru 6-7.

  Damans sun jure da kangin sosai. Kodayake manya sun kasance daji, ƙananan dabbobi za a iya tarko. Ba a yiwa damina lalacewa ba, kuma ba jinsin waɗannan dabbobi dabbobin da aka jera a cikin littafin Red.

  

  Manyan madatsun ruwa sune madatsun ruwa na Johnson (har zuwa kilogiram 5.4), kuma mafi karancin su ne madatsar ruwa ta Bruce (har zuwa kilogram 1.3). Duk waɗannan nau'ikan suna cikin halittar gwanayen tsaunukan dutse kuma suna rayuwa a cikin manyan yankuna. Abin ban sha'awa ne cewa hadewar wannan daula ta hade: Bruce madatsun ruwan ba kawai kusa da madatsun ruwa na Johnson ba ne: suna kwana a cikin makamancin juna, suna jin daɗin juna, suna haɓaka nau'ikan zuriya biyu tare har ma suna sadarwa ta amfani da siginar sauti iri daya.

  Damans na Mountain Wannan hadin da ire-ire daban na dabbobi na musamman. Bayan damuna, kawai birrai na wasu nau'ikan suna sadarwa sosai da juna.

  

  Gajeriyar magana
  Damans baya buƙatar ruwa, samun duk abin da yakamata danshi daga abinci.

  

  Don magance babban kalar launin toka-shikarsa, daman tana amfani da doguwar kambaran dutsen da ke ciki a bayan ƙafafunsa. Filayen ruwan damisa sun lullube da fata mai kauri, mai kama da roba. Daga cikin glandon na musamman akan kafafu, ana fitar da gumi mai laushi, godiya ga wanda kafafu ke aiki kamar mayu, yana bawa dabbar damar sauƙaƙewa da yardar rai tare da dutsen.

  

  Damans suna mai da hankali sosai. Suna tattarawa cikin gungun mutane kusan 50 da ke rayuwa a cikin kaburburan halitta na dutse. Kowace kungiya tana da masu sa ido wadanda ke lura da yanayin sosai. Ganin mutum ko dabba, waɗannan “masu aika aika” suna haifar da ihu mai sosa kai, duk mallakarsu kuma nan take suka watse cikin ramuka.

  

  Damans suna da kyawawan kwarewar murya, a maimaita su - twitter, kumburi, kuka, tsawa mai ƙarfi. Wasu lokuta cikin dare kungiyoyin sukan kira juna tare da maƙwabta - duk yana farawa ne da murhun sauraro ko zage-zage, wanda a hankali ya juye ya zama silar ƙyanƙyali, sannan juya zuwa sautikan mai kama da kukan yaro.

  

  Damans sun fi yin amo yayin hawa bishiya ko sauka daga gare ta. A cikin sanyi, daren da ba kowa, daman sun taru, suna manne wa juna don dumama kansu, kuma a lokacin zafi suna zaune cikin nutsuwa a cikin inuwar bishiyoyi, suna ɗaga kawuna zuwa sama.

  

  Damuna dabbobi ne na rana, suna cin lokacinsu suna hawa dutsen da gorges ko tsalle daga reshe zuwa reshe don bincika sabo, ganye mai laushi, 'ya'yan itaciya da tsirrai. Daman ba zai ƙi daga kwaro na haɗari ba. Daga dangin da aka damu, daman ta kasance a dabi'ar tauna, duk da cewa a zahiri motsin lebe a lokacin da ya sha kan abin ya ci tauna.

  

  Waɗannan dabbobin da ke da hankali waɗanda ke zaune a kudu da hamadar Sahara, har ma a Siriya da Isra'ila, suna da maƙiya da yawa - damisa, dabbobi, ƙanƙan ƙasa (caracals), serval da wyverra suna farauta don dam. Ana iya kiran abokin gaba na daman a matsayin baƙon bakar fata na Afirka, wanda ya gwammace ci daɗaɗaɗaɗa.
  

  An rarraba shi a gabas da Afirka ta kudu daga kudu maso gabashin Misira (tekun Bahar Maliya), Sudan da Habasha zuwa Angola ta Tsakiya (yawan jama'a ya kewaya) da arewacin Afirka ta kudu (lardunan Limpopo da Mpumalanga).

  Tsawon jikin mutum tsawan dutsen shi ne 32.5-56 cm, kuma taro yana 1.3-4.5 kilogiram. Maza da mata kusan ba sa bambanta cikin girma, duk da cewa yawanci mata galibi ne.

  Gidajen ruwan madatsar ruwa tsaunika ne, tuddai da tuddai. A cikin tsaunuka suna hawa zuwa 3,800 m sama da matakin teku. Harshen dutsen da ke da halayyar dutsen (monadnoki) a cikin yankuna masu bushewa suna samar da Damans da zazzabi mai dacewa (17-25 ° C) da laima (32-40%), suna ba da kariya daga gobarar ƙanana.

  Kamar kowane madatsar ruwa, madatsar ruwa tsauni dabbobi ne. Yawan mazaunan ƙasar sun saba da mutane 34, tushenta shine ƙungiyar iyali mai hayan giya (harem). Rukunin sun hada da mazan da suka manyanta, har ya zuwa mata 17 masu girma da kuma kananan dabbobi. Ruwan tsaffin tsaunika suna zama tare da madatsar ruwa ta Cape, suna raba masu mafaka. Damans suna aiki yayin rana, haka kuma a daren mai haske. Yawancin lokaci suna ciyarwa daga 7.30 a.m. zuwa 11 a.m. kuma daga 3.30 p.m. zuwa 6 p.m., duk da haka, suna ciyarwa zuwa kashi 94% na lokacinsu da rana, kula da gashinsu, da dai sauransu. Rami tsakanin duwatsu, fasa da toka ya zama mafaka ga damana. Suna da kaifin gani da ji, kuma suna kaiwa hari kare da hakora. Idan akwai haɗari, ana yi wa sowa kuka, tilasta sauran madatsun ruwa don ɓoye a cikin mafaka. An kasa isa ga saurin zuwa 5 m / s, tsalle sosai.

  Ruwan tsaunin Mountain suna ciyar da abinci iri-iri iri, gami da ganye, 'ya'yan itace, harbe da haushi. Misali, wata masarauta da aka lura da ita a Zambiya galibi tana cin ganyen mayuka (Dioscorea bulbifera). Babban tushen abinci, duk da haka, nau'ikan itacen Acacia da allophilus, gabaɗaya, sun fi son ciyar da itaciya da tsire-tsire na daji, wanda zasu iya hawa bishiyoyi. Abincin da aka saba yi na dutsen dutsen Serengeti yana da shinge (Cordia ovalis), grevia (Grewia fallax), hibiscus (Hibiscus lunarifolius), ficus (Ficus), da merua (Maerua triphylla). Ba sa shan ruwa, suna samun ruwan da ya wajaba daga ciyayi. Ciyar da kungiyoyi, galibi sau daya - daya bayan daya.

  Gwanin tsaunin tsauni yana haifar da shekara-shekara, kodayake yawan kiwo mafi yawa ana faruwa a ƙarshen lokacin rigar. Cutar ciki yana ɗaukar watanni 6.5-7.5 kuma yana ƙare da haihuwar cuban 1-2 a cikin ciyawar brood, wanda daminar dutsen wani lokaci ke rabawa tare da Cape. Yawan nauyin cub a lokacin haihuwa shine 220-230 g. ciyar da madara ya wuce har zuwa watanni 6. Tsakanin watanni 12 zuwa 30, samari da suka girma sun bar ƙasarsu ta asali; mace ta shiga gungun dangi.

  Manyan macizai (tsoffin hithoglyphic), tsuntsaye masu farauta, damisa da kananan dabbobi masu fa'ida (misali mongooses) ganguna a kan tsaunukan dutse. Suna iya kamuwa da cutar huhu da tarin fuka. Ya ishe mu daga sassan halittun Crossophorus collaris, nau'ikan ticks, fleas da lice. Rayuwar rayuwar da aka yi rikodin har zuwa shekaru 11.

  

  Rarraba daga Siriya, Isra'ila da Arewa maso Gabashin Afirka zuwa Afirka ta Kudu. Yankin Saharan Afrika na rayuwa kusan ko'ina. Ana samun jama'ar da ke keɓe ɗaya cikin tsaunukan Libiya da Algeria.

  Tsayin Jikin 30-58 cm, nauyi 1.4-4 kg. Maza sun fi girma sama da mace.

  Lamarin Cape yana zaune ne da duwatsu, wuraren da aka cika su, ko kuma wuraren jeji. Ana samun tsari a tsakanin duwatsun ko cikin ramuka na sauran dabbobi (aardvarks, meerkats). Turawan mulkin mallaka suna rayuwa ne daga 5-6 zuwa 80. Manyan yankuna sun kasu kashi biyu na dangi wanda namiji ya jagoranci. Aiki cikin hasken rana, musamman da safe da maraice, amma wani lokacin kangare kuma a daren mai dumin dumin yanayi. Mafi yawan lokaci ana kashe shi cikin annashuwa da shiga rana - rashin ingantaccen thermoregulation yana haifar da yanayin zafin jikin madatsun ruwa ya canza a duk rana. Suna ciyarwa galibi a kan ciyawa, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, harbe da haushi na bishiyoyi, ƙasa da cin abincin dabba (fari). Duk da bayyanar m, waɗannan dabbobin suna da wayoyin hannu, masu sauƙin hawa kan tsaunin dutse.

  Tsarin lokacin mating yana dacewa da mazaunin mazauni. Don haka, a cikin Kenya yana faruwa a watan Agusta-Nuwamba, amma zai iya kasancewa har zuwa Janairu, kuma a Siriya a watan Agusta-Satumba. Ciki yakan kai watanni 6-7. Mace yawanci suna haihuwar Yuni-Yuli, bayan lokacin damina. A cikin zuriyar dabbobi 2, ƙasa da sau 3 cubs, wani lokacin har zuwa 6. Cubs an haife shi ana gani kuma an rufe shi da ulu, bayan 'yan sa'o'i kaɗan sai suka bar gidan mazaunin brood. Sun fara cinye abinci mai ƙarfi a cikin makonni biyu, kuma suka sami atancin kai a sati 10. Daman samari na samari sun isa budurwa a watanni 16, lokacin yana 'yan watanni 16-24 watanni maza maza sun zauna, mace yawanci suna tare da danginsu.

  Babban makiyan daman sune damisa, damisa, dawakai, tabarma da tsuntsaye masu farauta. Kaffir gaggafa (Aquila verreauxii) tana ciyar da keɓaɓɓu kan dam. Lokacin da abokan gaba suka kawo hari, daman ba wai kawai ya sami matsayi na kariya ba, yana ɗora mayafinsa akan glandon spinal a ƙarshen, amma kuma yana kare kansa tare da haƙoransa masu ƙarfi. Tsammani rayuwa a cikin yanayi shine shekaru 10. Mace suna rayuwa fiye da maza.

  

  Suna zaune a cikin gandun daji na Tsakiya da Afirka ta Kudu. An samo su a saman tsaunuka zuwa tsaunin 4500 m sama da matakin teku.

  Tsawon jikinsu shine 40-60 cm, wutsiya 1-3 cm, nauyi 1.5-2.5.

  Damans na katako suna da hannu sosai: suna sauri da sauri suna saukar da bishiyoyi, suna tsalle daga reshe zuwa reshe. Wadannan dabbobin ba su da labari kuma sabili da haka. Koyaya, a maraice, gandun daji yana cike da kukansu, suna sanar da cewa madatsar ruwan madara ke ciyar da su. Da daddare, sautin ya yi laushi, amma ya sake cika gandun daji kafin wayewar gari, lokacin da dabbobin su dawo gida. Kiran madatsar bishiyoyi ya ƙunshi jerin saututtukan croaking masu ƙarewa cikin mawuyacin hali. Muryoyin damuna na bishiyoyi daban-daban sun sha bamban. Ta hanyar yin kururuwa, mutum na iya bambanta namiji daga mace. Damans suna ihu kawai a cikin bishiyoyi. Wataƙila, kukan damisa alamu ne na cewa ƙasar ta mamaye.

  Jagoranci rayuwa mai kaɗaita. Shafin kowane wurin wannan dabbar yana kusan kilomita 0.25 2. Damans suna ciyar da ganye, ganye, matafila da sauran kwari. Sau da yawa sukan gangara don ciyar da ƙasa, inda suke cin ciyawa da tara kwari, suna kwana a ɓoye ko kuma kambi na itace a tsakanin ɗan adam mai girma.

  Babu takamaiman lokacin kiwo, kuma suna kawo cuba allan shekara duk shekara. Ciki yakan kai watanni 7. Yawancin lokaci kawo daya, da wuya biyu cubs. An haife su ta gani, an rufe su da ulu, manya-manyan (kusan rabin tsawon mahaifiyar) kuma 'yan sa'o'i bayan haihuwa sun riga sun hau bishiyoyi. Sun kai ga balaga cikin shekaru 2.

  Idan akwai haɗari, madatsar ruwan ta dauki matsayin halayyar, suna juya baya ga abokan gaba kuma suna lalata gashi a cikin glandar gland domin a fallasa filin glandular. Mazauna karkara a ko'ina suna kama madatsun ruwa, tunda naman waɗannan dabbobin suna da inganci. A cikin zaman talala, gwanayen katako da sauri suna zama hora, suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 6-7.

  

  An rarraba shi a Afirka, a gefen gabar Kudu maso Gabas. Yankinta ya kudanci daga Kenya da Uganda har zuwa Afirka ta Kudu sannan daga gabashin Kongo da Zambia, yamma zuwa gabashin tekun na Afirka.

  Matsakaicin matsakaicin nauyin jiki shine 2.27 kilogiram, tare da tsawonsa kimanin 52 cm.

  Tana zaune a sararin saman dutse da gandun daji na bakin teku har zuwa tsawon 4500 m sama da matakin teku.

  Damans

  Damans

  Damans achwararrun damans, ko kuma mai kitse, na yin haraji tare da giwaye da barayin teku a cikin babban sarki na farkon. Wasu tsoffin dabbobi da ke kusa da Mercury, magabacin giwaye, dubun-dubatar shekaru da suka gabata sun zama magadan madatsar ruwa. Wasu daga cikinsu sun shiga

  Squad

  Tare tare da Bolek, na tashi game da kafa farkon rabuwar kawuna. Na fara ne tare da takwarorina na kusa. Hakan ya faru da cewa yawancin maƙwabta ne. “Albina” - Stanislav Lovets, “Stashek” - Stanislav Ptasinsky da “Povalu” - Tadeusz

  2. squad B

  2. squad B. Na farka da yanayin walwala. Ina son shi a nan. A yau, hasken rana yana ƙawata komai. Ni da manzo ni a hankali muka ci abinci mai karin kumallo, kuma na taimaka masa ya share wasu dakuna da kuma hanyoyin hedkwata da misalin karfe bakwai da rabi kafin jami'an farko su zo. Ni ne

  16. Squad No. 731

  16. Detachment No. 731 Akan umarnin sirrin da aka karba daga Tokyo, an kirkiri wani sirri Detachment No. 731 kuma aka sanya shi a Harbin a shekarar 1936. Amma, daga baya an cire shi daga Harbin da ke cike da mutane, inda akwai “idanun” da yawa wadanda ba lallai ba a fuskar masu leken asiri da masu sihiri

  Damans

  Rarraba

  Jinsunan suna zaune a Gabas da Afirka ta kudu daga kudu maso gabashin Misira (tekun Bahar Maliya), Sudan da Habasha har zuwa Angola ta Tsakiya (yawan jama'a ya kewaya) da arewacin Afirka ta kudu (lardunan Limpopo da Mpumalanga). Akwai keɓewar keɓaɓɓu na cikin

  • Algeria - Tuddai Ahaggar, Sahara ta Tsakiya, ƙananan hukumomi Heterohyrax brucei antineae, data gabata Ahaggar Daman (Maganin cutar Heterohyrax),
  • Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo - Loadi Hills, gabashin ƙasar, keɓaɓɓe Heterohyrax brucei chapini, a baya Loadian daman (Heterohyrax chapini).

  Burbushin da aka sani daga Late Miocene - Heterohyrax auricampensis, burbushin ra'ayi daga Namibia, ya ɗan ɗan girma fiye da zamani Heterohyrax brucei.

  Sake bugun

  Dabbobi suna haifar da shekara-shekara, kodayake mafi girma na kiwo yawanci yakan faru a ƙarshen lokacin rigar. Cutar ciki tana ɗaukar watanni 6.5-7.5 kuma an ƙare da haihuwar cuban 1-2 a cikin wani ciyayi, wanda lalatawar Bruce wani lokacin tayi tare da Cape. Yawan nauyin cub a lokacin haihuwa shine 220-230 g. ciyar da madara ya wuce har zuwa watanni 6. Tsakanin watanni 12 zuwa 30, samari da suka girma sun bar ƙasarsu ta asali; mace ta shiga gungun dangi.

  Manyan macizai (tsoffin hithoglyphic), tsuntsaye masu farauta, damisa da kananan dabbobi masu fa'ida (misali mongooses) ganima game da madatsun ruwa. Suna iya kamuwa da cutar huhu da tarin fuka. Wahala daga matattarar jinsunan Crossophorus collaris, nau'ikan ticks, fleas da lice. Rayuwar rayuwar da aka yi rikodin har zuwa shekaru 11.

  Matsayin jama'a

  Damatsin ruwan Bruce suna da yawa kuma musamman, a Gabashin Afirka; a Afirka ta Kudu, ba su da yawa. Na gama gari cikin ajiyar halitta da sauran wuraren kariya. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ba abubuwa bane na farauta, kodayake suna da abin ci. Tun daga 2006, aka hada nau'in cikin jerin Littafin Tarihi na Duniya tare da matsayin “mafi nau'in hadarin” (Rashin Hadarin / Damuwa Mai Sauki).

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