Frogs a cikin akwatin kifaye * Chordate

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Mazaunin wannan wakilin 'yan amphibians shine arewacin arewacin Kudancin Amurka. Wasu lokuta ana iya samunsa koda a cikin tsaunuka a tsawan kusan 1000 mita. Yawancin lokaci ana samun dwarf pipu a cikin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da tsirrai, gindin wanda yake laushi ne. Daga tsoro, an binne shi a cikin silt. Abin ban sha'awa ne cewa a lokacin ambaliyar ruwa rana tana gudana tare da wuraren da ambaliyar take, kuma a lokacin fari ne yake ɓoye a cikin ƙananan kogunan tsintsaye.

A cikin yanayi mai gamsarwa, rana ta kusan kasancewa a cikin ruwa kuma baya ƙoƙarin fita zuwa ƙasa. Amma lokacin da yanayin rayuwa ya tsananta, fadar kowane zamani ba za ta yi jinkiri a cikin yanayin ruwa ba, inda suke fuskantar rashin jin daɗi, da sauri kuma barin ruwan.

Bayyanar

Siffar halayyar dwarf shugaban kasar Brazil ba ta da gani sosai - makaho ne, idanunta kuma kanana. Jiki mai laushi na launin toka-launin ruwan kasa irin wannan tsintsiniyar da wuya ya wuce 8 cm a tsayi kuma ya fi laushi fiye da na Fure frogs. An rufe bakin kakakin sarki da bakin duhu. Saurin girma yana da haske a launi, bakin cikinsu kusan fari ne, kuma shugaban a ɓangaren ƙasa mai duhu ne. Idan ka kalli kwaya daga sama, zaka iya ganin kan sa yana da siffar triangular.

Wani fasalin halayen murfin Corvalho shine cewa ƙarshen yatsun yatsun goshi suna da kamannun zane, kuma babu membranes a ciki. Bugu da kari, karshen jijiya a kan kafafu na gaba na rana suna da matukar damuwa, wanda zai basu damar samun abinci cikin sauki lokacin da suka tono a cikin sanadi.

Maza manya, kamar yadda galibi ya ke da 'yan matan, sun bambanta da mace a cikin manya, kuma suna da faffada. Launin maza yana da duhu.

Sakamakon waje na yara peeps tare da homonochiruses masu girman jiki suna da girma sosai. Don bambance wasu daga wasu, ya kamata ka kula da irin waɗannan alamun:

Pip yana nunawa da saurin kuzari: suna zuwa nan take suka hau saman ruwa har ma da sauri su sauka, suna ɓoye a gindi. Hymenochiruses yana halin babban jinkirin da kuma motsi mai motsi a cikin shafi na ruwa. Tsoron ne kawai zai iya sa su ruga ƙasa su ɓoye.
A cikin peep, lokacin yin iyo, yatsun hannayen goshin ana kan gaba, kuma cikin hymenochiruses, yatsun sun lanƙwashe lokacin motsi cikin ruwa.
Pipes basu da bambanci da hymenochiruses, suna da membranes akan goshinsu, wanda zai basu damar kama abinci ko abinci mai rai kuma su aika abincin da aka samu a bakinsu.

Yanayin shugaban Corvalho

Wadannan wakilan 'yan amphibians ba su da tushe ga yanayin zama, duk da haka, za su ji mummunan rauni a cikin chlorinated da ruwa mai wuya. Hakanan a tabbata cewa baku da namiji fiye da ɗaya a cikin akwatin kifaye guda - yana yuwu cewa za su yi faɗa kuma su cutar da juna. Amma ya kamata a sani cewa fadar ba ta cutar da kifi ko tsiro.

Tsawon ruwa a cikin tanki shima ba shi da mahimmanci sosai, kodayake, yana da kyawawa cewa ba shi da maƙarƙashiya.

Ga waɗannan wakilan 'yan amphibians, ya zama dole don ƙirƙirar wurare masu yawa, irin su maƙera yumbu, snags, da sauransu, inda zasu ɓoye. Lura cewa peeps suna jin daɗin ciyar da lokaci mai yawa a cikin ƙasa. A cikin akwatin kifaye, zaku iya rufe ƙasa tare da karamin tsakuwa ko kogunan gilashi tare da diamita na mm mm 4-6.

Kamar ciyawar, yana da kyau a yi amfani da fulawa babba tare da ganye mai ƙarfi da mai tushe, wanda ke da tushen tushen ci gaba.

Dole ne a rufe kwandon tare da net ko gilashi. Don kula da fadar, akwatin kifayen ya cika da ruwa mara gudana, zazzabi wanda dole ne a kula dashi tsakanin 24-26 ° С. Ka tuna fa tsawaita tsayawa akan ƙasa na iya zama lalacewar dabbobin ka.

Idan yanayin ya tsananta (ya yi ɗumi sosai ko ruwa mai tsauri, dakatar da ciyarwa, da dai sauransu), Pipa Corvalho ya bar ruwan, yana sauƙin hawa a kan gilashin ruwan akwatin. Tana manne da gilashi tare da hancinta tana neman duk wani rata da zata fita.

Cin Cin Corvalho

Dangane da abinci mai gina jiki, Corvalho shugaban yana da kama ɗaya tare da waɗanda suka tayar. Froananan frogs suna cin abinci na musamman (mai yin tubule, mai zubar da jini, enchitrea). Mutane da yawa sun ɗan girma kaɗan, suna farawa daga wata na uku na rayuwa, tare da nishaɗi suna mamaye kansu da yanki na kifi da nama. Manyan peeps suna iya kama busasshen abinci daga saman ruwa, kamar gammarus, daphnia, kuma basa ƙin ciyarwa ta musamman.

Pipas yana cin abinci mai haɗama da abinci mai yawa, yayin da ya yi ƙiba a gaban idanunsa. Lura cewa ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki shine ɗayan manyan abubuwan ƙarfafawa don haifar da kwaroron wannan nau'in.

Amincewa da ladabi

Namiji yana yin ƙoƙari don “yi raha” tare da mace, amma, idan bai ga abin zargi ba, da sannu zai bar ta. Idan kuma batun mace ta na shirye-shiryen fadada ne, to ta kan cika ta “rungumi” ta namiji, wani kumburi ya tashi ta jikinta. Jin wannan, namiji ya manne jikinta da ƙarfi, kuma a wannan matsayin suna iyo da dadewa, watakila ma har zuwa rana ɗaya. Yawanci, tsarin kamawa yana faruwa da dare, kuma haɗu da kansa yana faruwa da alfijir.

Sake bugun Raba Corvalho

Tsarin haifuwa na Pipa Corvalho yana da matukar ban sha'awa. Yayin da aka hadu da qwai, sai namiji ya matse su da taimakon hanjin sa zuwa bayan mace, ya sa su layi. Idan biyun sunada yawa, sabbin masonry suna zubewa akan qwai, an riga an matse su a bayan. Tsarin kansa shine kamar haka: namiji yana tattara ƙwai a ɓangarorin jikin mace, daga kanta, yana samar da su a cikin farashi ɗaya a takamaiman wuri a bayanta.

Hakanan yana da ban sha'awa cewa qwai da ke man tsirrai ko kuma a jikin mutum ba sa iyawa kuma suka mutu. Suna tsira ne kawai lokacin da suke kan bangon mace. Clutch yawanci yana kunshe da ƙwai 50-200.

Bayan 'yan sa'o'i bayan qwai sun kasance a baya na Corvalho shugaban, wani nau'i mai launin toka daga gare su, inda aka sake toshe ƙwai. Bayan wannan, aikin molting yana faruwa.

A cikin zazzabi ruwa, tadpoles sun haɗu cikin kwanaki 14. Don saurin aiwatar da tsari, zaku iya ƙara yawan zafin jiki kaɗan. Tadpoles yana fita daga kwasfa ba daidai ba, wanda shine dalilin da yasa dawowar mace a cikin wani lokaci da yake waje ya gushe tare da gadar dutse mai fadi. Yana da mahimmanci a tsaftace ruwan a cikin jirgin tare da tadpoles.

Lokacin haihuwa, tsawon jikin mara lafiyan tadpoles ya kai cm 1 A sa'ilin a wannan lokacin ya bayyana sarai. Jarirai suna ciyar da ciliates da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Watanni biyu bayan haihuwa, tadpoles ya juya zuwa kananan kwaɗi. Lokacin da dukkanin ƙwayar tadpoles suka bar mace, molting ɗin ta sake faruwa kuma mabuɗin ya sake yin shiri don dabbar.

Fasali da bayanin Surinamese Kakakin

Bambancin farko daga wasu 'yan amphibians shine asalinta. Lokacin da kuka fara ganin irin wannan rana, zaku iya tunanin cewa tarar da keɓaɓɓen iska ta motsa shi sau da yawa. Jikinta na da bakin ciki sosai da yadudduka, tana da kama da daɗaɗɗe, tsohuwar ganye ta wani itace, har ma ta yarda cewa mazaunin wani kogi ne mai tsananin zafi tare da ruwan dumi yana da matukar wahala.

Shugaban murfin Suriname yana da siffar triangular kuma yana da laushi kamar jiki baki ɗaya. Anya wacce take saman saman fuska Ba su da ƙyalli da ƙanana kaɗan. Yana da kyau a sani cewa wadannan kwalaye basu da hakora da harshe. Madadin haka, yatsar tana da faci na fata waɗanda suke a cikin sasanninta na bakin kuma suna kama da tantuna.

Kafafun gaba na amphibian ba su da membranes kuma suna ƙare tare da yatsunsu masu tsayi waɗanda ba su da kambori, wannan wani bambanci daga wasu kwayoyi. Kuma a kan kafafu biyu na fata akwai fayilolin fata, suna da ƙarfi sosai kuma suna tsakanin yatsunsu. Wadannan jaka-falle suna sa frog don jin karfin gwiwa a karkashin ruwa.

Jikin ba babba mai tsayi baya wuce santimita sha biyu, amma akwai mutane masu girman kai, tsayinsu na iya kai santimita ashirin . Fatar wannan dabbar da ba a sani ba tana da wuyar gani kuma tana birgima, wani lokacin zaku iya ganin baƙar fata a bayanta.

Launin Surinamese Kakaki ba mai haske bane, akasarinsu suna da launin toka-mai-launin ruwan wuta da ciki mai haske; akwai kuma mayin duhu wanda zai shiga makogwaron da yake rufe wuya da yatsun kafa, suna kafa iyaka a kai. Bugu da kari, dabbar da bata da kyan gani sosai tana da wari mai karfi wanda yayi kama da warin hydrogen sulfide.

Rayuwar rana iri iri da abinci mai gina jiki

Amfani da mazaunin wannan tsintsiya reshe ne da ruwa mai ɗumi da laka, waɗanda basu da isasshen halin yanzu. ATTana saduwa da mutane , kusa da tsire-tsire a cikin hanyoyin ruwa na ban ruwa. Tana matukar son ƙashin ƙasa, yankin muƙamin ne.

Tare da dogon yatsun ta, wanda ke kan goshin ta, sai ta kwance ƙasa ta nemo abinci, sannan ta ja ta cikin bakin ta. Mataimakin da ke cikin wannan su ne fashewa a kafafu, wadanda suke da alaƙa da asterisks, ta wannan ne ake kiran babbar rana "bindiga mai tauraro".

Abincin Surinamese mai narkewa, sune sharan gona wanda aka binne a ƙasa, a gindin tafkin. Zai iya kasancewa:

guda na kifi
tsutsotsi
furotin mai tarin kwari.

Kwaro na kwayoyi kusan ba su bayyana a farfajiya ba, kodayake suna da alamun alamar dabba:

fata sosai
karfi huhu.

Bangarorin da aka keɓance sune waɗancan lokutan lokacin da ake ruwa sosai a Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador da sauran biranen Kudancin Amurka. Yaushe wannan zai faru Suriname toads bayyana a bakin gaɓa su yi ƙaura zuwa ɗaruruwan kilomita don nemo kannun dabbobin da ke da datti a kusa da gandun-dajin, inda suke kwano da rana.

Rayuwar rayuwa da haihuwa

Lokacin kiwo na Surinamese frogs yana farawa lokacin damina ta fara. Wadannan yatsan suna da dabi'a kodayake ba abu bane mai sauki ku bambance inda mace take da inda namiji yake. Don cin nasara ga mace, namiji dole ne ya fara rawar matsi, wanda ke biye - waƙar.

Don mace ta fahimci cewa namiji yana shirye ya aura, sai ya fara fitar da danna. Mace, bayan zabar namiji , yana kusanto da shi yana jefa kwai marasa ciki a cikin ruwa, nan da nan namiji ya fara fitar da maniyyi a kansu don ya ba da rai ga zuriya mai zuwa.

Bayan wani lokaci, mace ta gangara kasa ta kama qwai da namiji ya hadiye, ta kama su a bayan ta. Kuma namiji a wannan lokacin ya kamata a raba kwai a bayan mahaifiyar gaba.

Yana yin kananan sel a bayan mace, yana latsa kowane kwai a ciki daban, yana taimakawa kansa da kafafunsa na baya da ciki. Bayan sa'o'i da yawa na irin wannan aikin, za a iya rikitar da ƙarshen rana tare da saƙar zuma. Bayan aikin da aka yi, namiji zai bar 'ya'yansa na gaba da mace kuma ba zai sake fitowa a rayuwarsu ba.

Surinamese Kakakin zai haifi zuriyarsu kimanin kwanaki tamanin. Rogaya daga cikin zuriyar dabbobi na iya samar da kusan kwaro ɗari waɗanda a lokaci guda ake haihuwar su. Kayan kaya wanda yana kan bayan mace Yana nauyin kimanin 385 grams, don bututu, wannan ba sauki bane. Bayan duk ƙwai suna cikin wuraren su, an rufe su da membrane mai kariya, yana da dorewa kuma yana kiyaye zuriyar gaba. Zurfin sel daga cikin abin da caviar yake ciki ya kai milimita biyu.

Kasancewa a cikin mahaifiyar, tayi tayi daga jikinta duka, ba tare da togiya ba, abubuwan gina jiki da suke wajaba don ci gaban su. Abubuwan da suka raba su da juna suna da jijiyoyin jini da yawa, ta hanyar su suke karɓar oxygen da abinci mai gina jiki, da tayin mahaifa.

Makonni goma sha biyu daga baya, matasa masu fasa kwauri suna lalata fim ɗin gidansu mai ban sha'awa kuma suna iyo cikin duniyar ruwan da ba'a kammala ba. Daga haihuwa, suna da 'yanci sosai kuma suna iya yin rayuwa ta al'ada ita kaɗai, ba tare da taimakon manya ba.

Ba a dauki wannan bayyanar sababbin ƙananan mutane a matsayin haihuwa mai rai ba, kodayake kwaɗin sun fito daga jikin mace. Tsarin bunkasa qwai , kamar sauran 'yan amphibians, kawai bambanci shine wurin da suke haɓaka.

Lokacin da aka haifi sabon ƙarni, da baya na kwaya Surinamese yana buƙatar sabuntawa nan da nan. Don yin wannan Sarki rubs ta baya game da algae daban-daban da duwatsu kuma wannan yana ba ta damar kawar da wurin da tayi.

Har zuwa lokacin kirsimeti na gaba, rana tana iya jin daɗin rayuwa kuma basu da wata damuwa game da ita. Matasa frogs za su iya yin kiwo da kansu lokacin da suke shekara shida.

Surinamese fada a gida

Mutanen da suke sha'awar dabbobi masu tsinkaye suna son waɗannan tsutsotsi masu ban sha'awa a gida, kuma kamanninsu da ba su da kyan gani da ƙamshin hydrogen sulfide ba su tsoratar da su kwata-kwata. Yana da matukar ban sha'awa a lura da yadda mace ke ɗaukar larvae da kuma yadda suke zuwa duniya.

Idan ka yanke shawarar fara gangami a gida, to, kuna buƙatar babban akwatin kifaye. Idan kuna da kwaya daya ku rayu, to shi dole ne maraba ba kasa da lita ɗari na ruwa ba, kuma idan biyu ko uku, sannan ku raba don adadin kuɗin ya faɗi akan kowane ɗayan, shine, kwaɗi guda uku suna buƙatar akwatin ruwa na lita ɗari na ruwa.

Ya kamata ruwa ya cika da isashshen oxygen, saboda haka kuna buƙatar tunani game da wannan a gaba. Kuma a hankali kula da tsarin zafin jiki. Zazzabi kada ya wuce digiri ashirin da takwas kuma ya kasa da ashirin da hudu.

A kasan akwatin kifayen kana buƙatar zuba ruwa da yashi. Kuma dole ne ya kasance yana da bambancin raye na rayuwa daban-daban, wannan zai taimaka Jikin Surinamese jin dadi. Suna buƙatar ciyar da abinci daban-daban don amphibians, kuma ba za su ƙi daga tsirrai na duniya, larvae da ƙananan ƙananan kifaye masu rai ba.

Niramin - Maris 17th, 2016

Pipa toad yana zaune a cikin savannahs na Kudancin Amurka, yana fifita duk wani wuraren ajiyar ajiya don rayuwarsa a lokacin rani: koguna, tafkunan ruwa, canjin ban ruwa har ma rabin bushe-bushe. Da farkon lokacin rigar, waɗannan 'yan amfanoni suna fita daga gidajensu kuma sun fara tafiya cikin dazuzzukan da ke cike da ruwa don ci gaba da al'adunsu.

Saƙo tawad yana kama da lebur mai lebur mai siffa huɗu. A kan kan alwatika, idanu suna fuskantar sama, kuma facin fata a sasann bakin nan yayi kama da tantuna. Tsawon jikin mutum dattijo yakai cm 20. Jikin murnan an zana shi da launin ruwan kasa da launin toka, wanda yayi daidai da ƙarshen laka, inda galibi yakan fi yawan lokaci. Ba kamar frogs na yau da kullun ba, gudoomiyaha ba shi da membranes a saman goshin. Madadin membranes, wannan tawul din yatsotsin yatsun bakin ciki mai tsayi, tare da taimakon wanda ya tono a cikin doron kasa don neman abinci. Hagu na kafafu suna da ƙarfi da iko, sanye take da membranes, tare da taimakon wanda shugaban ya yi iyo. Abin sha'awa shine, waɗannan wakilan 'yan amphibians basu da hakora da harshe. Baya ga waɗannan sifofi, wannan toad yana fitar da ƙanshin wari mai ƙoshin da ba kyau, yana tuna ƙanshin ƙwayar sulfur.

Pipa tana ciyar da kanan dabbobin da ta same ta a ciki: tsutsotsi, ƙananan kifaye da kuma kayan abinci iri-iri.

Duk da muguwar bayyanar da kamshin da ba shi da kyau, ana ganin Kakakin tofa misali ne na kulawa da zuriyarta. Gaskiyar ita ce mace tana ɗaukar ƙwayayenta a bayanta. Da farko tana sanya ƙwai kamar kwaya ɗaya, amma namiji ya ɗauke su ya sanya su a cikin sel na musamman da aka kafa a bayan mace. Haɓakawa, ƙwai suna ƙaruwa kuma suna da yawa kuma suna matsi zuwa cikin ƙwayoyin zurfafa. Sama da kwanaki 80-85, tayin ya zama tadpoles, wanda daga ciki kananan sanduna ke fitowa. Babiesan jarirai da aka ƙera a ƙarshe sun tsinkayyar ƙwanƙolin babba kuma su fita don fara rayuwar kansu.

Hoto: Pipa tare da qwai a bayansa.

Hoto: Fulawa tayi a bayan matar shugaban.

Bidiyo: Toad Pipa Suriname

Bidiyo: Zoology: Surinamese Kakaki - kula da zuriya

Bidiyo: Abin ban mamaki Pipa Pipa Toad Haihuwa!

Pipa Corvalho, ita ce dwarf shugaban kasar Brazil - kwaya wacce ba ta gani da kyau, amma kafafuwanta masu hankali suna taimaka mata wajen fahimtar duniya.

Wannan nau'in 'yan amphibians suna zaune a arewacin Kudancin Amurka. Ana iya samunsa a tsaunuka a tsawan tsawan kilo mita 1000. A cikin kasashen da aka samo Pipa Corvalho, babban cin mutuncin mace shine “Senora Pipita”.

Bayanin Pipa Pipa Corvalho

Tsawon jiki shine 8-9 santimita. Jikin ya lalace, kai uku. A gefen yatsun gaba akwai alamun tauraruwa masu kama da taurari - masu matukar tasiri jijiya, godiya garesu frogs sun tono a cikin ƙasa suna neman abinci. M yatsu mai mahimmanci suna da mahimmanci ga pips saboda suna da wahalar gani kuma makafi.

Ba a cika yin iyo ba. Maza suna kanana sama da mace, jikinsu kuma masu kauri ne da duhu a launi, idanunsu ma kanana ne.

Launin Jiki na tsoho mai launin toka-brown-brown. Lafiyayyun matasa sun fi haske, ciki kuwa kusan fari.

Dwarf Pipa na kasar Brazil

Pip Corvalho rayuwa ta musamman a ruwa. Su ne na yau da kullun a cikin ruwan ruwa mai tsayayyen wanda ke cikin ƙananan ƙananan kuma a tsawan tsawo zuwa mita 1000. Ana samun su a cikin snags, tsire-tsire, a cikin ƙasa mai laka. Idan mazaunin wurin ya fi dacewa ga shugaban, ba a ƙoƙarin barin jikinsa na ruwa ba, amma idan yanayin rayuwa bai dace ba, to ana zaɓar ƙurar kowane zamani daga ruwan.

Pipes Corvalho suna ci da yawa, yayin da koyaushe suke ɗoki. Lokacin da koguna suka mamaye, peeps ke yawo a wuraren ambaliya. A lokacin fari da bushewa daga cikin tafkunan, peeps suna zama marasa motsi a cikin ƙananan puddles, suna jiran lokacin mafi kyau. Idan Kakakin yana jin tsoro, to ya nutse har zuwa kasa ya binne kanshi a cikin makarkashiya.

Kiwo Pip Corvalho

Don kiwo da haɓaka, pipas suna buƙatar ruwa tare da zazzabi na 20-30 da tsauri na digiri 5. Erationarfin tadpoles yana da illa. Matsakaicin maza ga mace ya kamata ya zama 1: 1. Dole ne mace mai juna biyu ta huta. Ci gaban embryos a zazzabi na digiri 26-28 na faruwa a cikin kwanaki 15. Qwai ya girma sosai. Kwana guda kafin tseguntar tadpoles, kwancen ya fashe, ramuka kuma ya bayyana a kan filonsu.

Surinamese shugaban za a iya danganta shi da nau'in uwayen da suka fi kula da duniyar halitta. Gaskiyar ita ce tadpoles suna rayuwa a ciki har zuwa watanni 2.5. A zahiri hankali. Suna raye a dalilin cewa bututun suna da bayansu duka a rami. Musamman. Kuma a nan ne abu.

Pipa ya sa dukkan kwai suna kwance a “hular”. Kowane tadpole na gaba yana da ɗakuna mai ban sha'awa tare da duk abubuwan jin daɗi. Powerarfi - "duka har", sarrafa yanayin yanayi da tsaro. Sun sami wannan duk yayin da suke cikin wani gidan hexagonal wanda ke zaune a bayan fada.

Baba na taimakawa wajen sanya yaransu a wurare. Wannan tsari wani bakon abu ne, amma har yanzu kokarin bayyana shi. Da farko, dabbar ta hanyar canjin ta kwana guda. Ana tunanin Pipa yana da hadi na ciki. Cloaca na mace a cikin babbar jaka wani nau'i ne na ovipositor, wanda macece ta na dace da namiji a gabanta. Kai tsaye wani irin mai canzawa. Sannan namiji yana matse mata kuma ya matse a jikin ovipositor, a hankali yana matse manyan qwai daga ciki. A diamita, za su iya kai 6-7 mm. Don haka, yana rarraba qwai a kan bayan mace kusan a ko'ina, wanda zai iya faɗi tare da daidaitattun kayan ado. Kuma mirgine kashe. A kan wannan manufa tasa ta ƙare.

Pipa na iya sa har ƙwai 114 kuma ja wannan nauyin akan kwana 80-85. Idan kwai ɗaya a matakin farko yana nauyin 2.97 g., Kuma a ƙarshen - 3.37 g., Ninka wannan ta hanyar 114. Kuma a ƙarshen da muka samu, yana ɗaukar 384.16 g. Ba kadan ba.

A cikin tantanin halitta, kwaɗi suna kusan kasancewa gabaɗaya kuma sun fashe daga ciki tuni suna shirye don rayuwa. Lokacin da yaran suka bar wannan "makarantar tafi-da-gidanka", Kakakin ya shafa akan duwatsu ko tsire-tsire kuma yana goge ragowar fata. Bayan wutsiya, an rufe shi da sabon fata.

Wadannan frogs masu ban mamaki suna zaune a Brazil, Bolivia, Peru da Suriname. Duk da yanayin rayuwa gaba daya, huhunta da fatarta na haɓaka sun haɓaka - alamu waɗanda galibi ana bayyana su da sifofin ƙasa. Oh, kuma kusan na manta! Surinamese Kakaki na iya kaiwa zuwa tsawon cm 20. Wataƙila ɗan kwaɗayin goliath ne, amma zamu yi magana game da shi a wani lokaci mai zuwa.

Frogs, Pipa Surinamese, hoto hoto, Gimenokhirusy, Spur frog, tabbatarwa, kulawa - 4.3 daga cikin 5 bisa 5

Siffofin abun ciki na hymenochirus

Mafi yawan "moody" na frogs na ruwa. Yana da kyau a kula da ruwan zafin a gare su ba su fi 20 ba, kuma mafi kyawu - 24 ° C, tunda cikin ruwan sanyi jikin juriya yake da cututtukan da ke haifar da cututtukan fungal da raguwa.

Ana amfani da hanyoyin ruwa mai tsafta don kula da bututu. Volumearamin ya zama ƙasa da lita 100 a ma'aurata, amma mafi kyau 200 - 300 .. Mafi yawan zafin jiki shine digiri 26.

Hatta ƙananan kifayen ruwa, daga lita 20 a kowane ma'aurata, waɗanda suka cika 1/2 zuwa 2/3 na yawan ruwa, sun dace don kiyaye kwandunan Spur. Wani ruwa mai tsayi na cm cm 4-6 aka zuba a ƙasan, wanda zaku iya dasa shuki, amma idan akwatin kifaye ya kasance ƙaramin abu, dabbobi za su tsinke su da sauri. A kasan akwai mafaka da yawa da aka yi da snags, duwatsu da tukwane. Zazzabi shine 18 - 25 digiri.

Idan ya cancanta, za'a iya amfani da masu kula da zafin jiki da masu zafin jiki. Ya kamata a tuna cewa kayan aiki, musamman gilashi, dole ne a sami dogaro da ƙarfi, tunda kwaɗi suna ƙoƙarin yin rarrafe cikin kowane rata.

Dole ne a tuna cewa frogs su ne masu juyayi da kuma halittu masu ban sha'awa. Ba sa son lokacin da ake jiyo sauti mai ƙarfi, kamar ƙwanƙwasawa, kusa da akwatin akwatin. A cikin firgici, frogs farawa da sauri, bugawa bango, duwatsun, tsirrai, haɓaka daga ƙasa. Wannan rashin kunyar ba ta wuce tare da su har zuwa karshen rayuwa.

Ciyar da rana

Peep gangara don abinci mai yawa da kiba. Amma kar kuci abincinsu. Lokacin ciyarwa, ba su daidai adadin abincin da za su ci a cikin mintuna goma sha biyar ba tare da wata alama ba.

Abincin Gas: tsutsotsi, mollusks, kwari da larvae, tarkace kwayoyin halitta daga gawawwakin dabbobi, abincin da aka saba da kifin kifin - kifayen jini, daphnia, guda na naman sa, kaji, kifi. Ruwa na jini a cikin ƙasa yana hanzarta bin ƙasa kuma yana iya ɗaukar kamuwa da cuta, saboda haka ya fi kyau daskare shi don ciyar. Tubale yana haifar da guba abinci, ya fi kyau a ciyar da su. Hakanan ana iya haɗawa da sabo na nama mai laushi a cikin abincin. Abincin mai daɗi ba shi da lafiya! Ana ciyar da Gimenokhirusov da matasa frogs sau ɗaya kowace kwana biyu zuwa kwana uku, tsofaffi, bututu da spur - sau biyu a mako. Za'a iya riƙe kitse mai rashin ƙarfi a cikin rabin-matattara don mako ɗaya da rabi.

Idan ana ciyar da frogs a kai a kai da hannu, to da sannu za su daina jin tsoron mutane, suna ba da damar a taɓa su. Amma fitar da su daga ruwa ba lallai bane.

Pip iyali

Suriname Pipa

Suriname Pipa!
Shin kin san ta, babu kokwanto?
Shin ba ku sani ba?
Ta yaya?
Kamar wannan!
Ah ah ah!
Na zama makaryaci!
Can Panda bata sani ba
Tuataru
Ko Farar fata - Farar fata -
Amma wanda ba zai iya ba sai dai ya sani
Abin da dabba
Suriname Pipa!

Dukda cewa tana zaune
A cikin ƙasa mai nisa - a Suriname
Kuma da wuya, abu mara kyau,
Ya hadu da mu
Dukda cewa ita mummuna ce
(Kawai tufafin adon mata!),
Kodayake ta fito daga dangin rana -
San shi
Sosai kuma sosai ba ya tsoma baki!

Akwai,
A cikin inuwar Algarrobe, Quebracho
Da sauran tsabtatattun tsire-tsire,
A cikin maraice frogs da yatsun kafa
Kujerun marasa tsayawa suna jagoranta.
Daga cikin croaking,
Ukanya
Miya, jita-jita da hurawa
Ana jin muryarku bayyananne
Suriname Pipa!
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frogs
Jin zuciyar dangi
Gabaɗaya mai rauni.
Game da zuriya
Yawancin lokaci
Ba ma bakin ciki
Toads.
Kuma ta -
Wannan 'yar Suriname mai tawali'u, -
Kodayake toad
Amma
Iyaye masu hankali m!

Ee,
Ba ta yi
Ta yaya mummunan
Qwai:
Duk qwai
Kwanciya akan ta
Kamar a kan laushi mai laushi.
Ga jikin uwar
(Kuma da zuciya!)
Suna girma
DA,
Rashin sanin damuwa
Tadpoles a cikinsu suna girma

Sannu a hankali girma.
Har sai lokacin da aka kayyade ya cika -
Yara
Ja da ja da ja
Daga cikin ruwan lemon.
Kuma a sa'an nan suka gudu
Tsallakewa
Kuma sun manta gaba daya game da inna.
(Yana faruwa,
A cewar jita-jita
Ba wai kawai a cikin Suriname ba. )

Saboda haka rayuwa
Suriname Pipa.
Yanzu -
Ina fata kalubale -
Ku
Akalla partially
Na hadu da ita!
Idan sun tambayeka:
"Wace irin dabba ce Suriname Pipa?" -
Amsa:
"Wannan magana ce,
Amma toad nau’i ne na musamman! ”

Asalin gani da kwatancin

Shugaban murnan yana da fadi da fadi kuma yayi daidai da daidai yake da jikinsa na wannan kwari mai zafi. Idanun suna saman fuska, basu da ƙyalli kuma ƙanana kaɗan. Daya daga cikin abubuwan ban sha'awa na jijiyoyin jiki shine rashin hakora da harshe a cikin wadannan dabbobi. Madadin haka, gabobin abinci suna jujjuyawar fata fata wanda ke cikin sasannin bakin. Suna kama da alfarwar.

Bidiyo: Pipa

Wani muhimmin bambanci daga sauran frogs - kafafu na gaba na wannan amphibian ba su da membranes a ƙarshensu kuma ƙare tare da yatsunsu masu yadu. Kuma abin da ya fi ban mamaki - babu takamaiman bayani a kansu, wanda ke bambanta Surinamese gudoomiyaha daga cikin manyan dabbobi gabaɗaya. Amma a kan kafafu na baya akwai fatar fata, suna da bambanci a cikin ikonsu kuma suna akwai tsakanin yatsunsu. Wadannan jaka-jikan suna sa motsi cikin kwari a cikin ruwa mai karfin gwiwa.

Tsawon jikin Surinamese fadar kusan ba ya wuce cm 20. Ba wuya a lokacin da aka sami manyan mutane wadanda tsawonsu ya kai 22-23 cm. Fatar wannan dabbar tana da wuyar gani kuma tana birgima a cikin tsarinta, wani lokacin zaka iya lura da alamun baƙar fata a bayan sa. Ofaya daga cikin manyan "nasarorin" juyin halitta waɗanda ke ba da damar Surinamese magana ta dace da yanayin muhalli ƙanƙane (sabanin yawancin adadin kuzari mai zafi). Wadannan kwaɗi suna da fatar launin toka-mai-launin fari da ciki mai haske.

Sau da yawa akwai wani duhu mai duhu wanda yake zuwa har zuwa makogwaro yana rufe wuyan kugu, don haka ya zama iyaka akan sa. Kamshin dabba mai daxi, mara dadi mara kyau na wani ɗan dabba mai ɗan kwalliya wanda ya zama abin hanawa ga masu son farautar (ƙanshin "yayi kama da sinadarin hydrogen).

Ina shugaban yake zaune?

Mafi kyawun wurin zama wannan ƙwayar jikin itace jikin ruwa mai ɗumi da ruwa mai laka, ba a rarrabe shi da mai ƙarfi na yanzu. Haka kuma, kusancin mutum baya tsoratar da ita - Kogunan Surinamese suna zaune kusa da mazaunin mazaunan, ana ganin su basu da nisa daga wuraren shuka (galibi a cikin hanyoyin ruwa). Dabba kawai tayi ado da ƙasa mai laka - da kuma babba, ɓangaren ɓoyayyen wuri shine wurin zama dashi.

Irin waɗannan halittun masu ban mamaki suna zaune a cikin ƙasa, kuma. A nan ana ɗaukar su a matsayin "masu mulkin dukkan ruwan tsarkakakkun ruwa" - pewancin Surinamese yana haifar da yanayin rayuwa ta musamman. Wadannan frogs za a iya samun sauƙin gani ba kawai a cikin kowane irin tafkuna da kuma, amma kuma a cikin ban ruwa canals located a kan tsire-tsire.

Ko da tsawon lokacin fari ba zai iya tilasta musu yin tururuwa zuwa ƙasa mai zurfi ba - Kakakin gwamma ya zama cikin rabin ciyawar da aka bushe. Amma tare da lokacin damina don su fara ingantaccen sararin samaniya - kwaɗi suna ɗaukar rayukansu, suna motsawa tare da kwararar ruwan sama ta hanyar ambaliyar ruwa.

Duk abin da ya fi ba da mamaki shi ne ƙauna mai ƙarfi na Pip Surinamese don ruwa - an ba da gaskiyar cewa waɗannan dabbobi suna da haɓakar haɓaka da fata, fata mai ban tsoro (waɗannan alamun sun fi halayyar dabbobi ƙasa). Jikinsu yayi kama da ƙaramin ganye mai ɗimbin shudewa tare da sasanninta mai kaifi a gefenta. Matsayin sauyin kai a cikin jiki kusan ba a bayyana shi ba. Idanu suna dubanta koyaushe.

Abubuwan ruwa na jikin ɗan adam sun zama wani wurin zama na kogin Surinamese. Duk da irin fitowar da ba ta da kyau musamman kuma ƙanshin warin hydrogen sulfide, mutanen da suke ƙaunar suna farin cikin haihuwar waɗannan tsutsotsi a gida. Gabaɗaya sun ɗauka cewa yana da ban sha'awa da sanarwa don bin tsarin ɗaukar larvae ta mace tare da haihuwar tadpoles.

A wannan yanayin, idan bayan karanta labarin za ku ji juyayi ga Surinamese peep kuma ku yanke shawara sosai don samun irin wannan ƙwayar a gida, to, nan da nan shirya babban akwatin kifaye. Ampaya daga cikin amphibian yakamata ya sami akalla lita 100 na ruwa. Ga kowane ɗayan masu zuwa - irin wannan girma. Amma abin da ke can - ya juya cewa Pipa Surinamese a cikin daji kawai ya saba da kowane yanayi. A cikin bauta, tana fuskantar matsananciyar wahala, kuma domin wannan dabba ta haifi zuriya, dole ne a samar da wasu halaye da yawa.

Wadannan sun hada da :

tabbatar da yawan oxygenation na akwatin kifaye,
yanayin zafin jiki akai-akai. An halatta sauya yanayin ƙima a cikin kewayon daga 28С zuwa 24С,
abinci iri-iri. Wadannan frogs suna buƙatar a ciyar da su ba kawai tare da busasshen abincin don fauna na akwatin kifaye ba, har ma tare da earthworms, larvae na kwari ruwa da guda na sabo kifi.

Don yin Surinamese shugaban da ke zaune a cikin akwatin kifayen suna jin daɗin rayuwa mai kyau, yashi yakamata a zubar da yashi mai tsabta da kuma algae mai rai.

Me shugaban yake ci?

Tare da yatsunsa masu ƙarfi da dogon zango da suke a goshinsa, toad ya kwance ƙasa ya nemi abinci, sai ya aika da bakin sa. Ta taimaka wa kanta a cikin wannan kyakkyawan tsari tare da ci gabanta. Ganin cewa suna kama da taurari masu nisa, wannan kwayayen da ake kira "tauraro-kare". Abincin da ke cikin ƙwayar Surinamese ya ƙunshi wurare daban-daban na sharan gona da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasan tafki, a cikin ƙasa.

Bugu da kari, shugaban ya ci :

karamin kifi da soya,
kwari kwari

Kwaro na hoto kusan ba taɓa farauta a farfajiya ba. Ba kamar kwarororo na yau da kullun ba, waɗanda muke saba gani, ba sa zama a cikin fadama kuma ba sa kama kwari da yawa. Ee, suna da fata mai laushi, dumbin huhun huhun, amma Surinamese magana yana cin abinci ne kawai ta hanyar tona zurfin rami, ko kuma kawai ta kasance cikin ruwa.

Dangane da lokacin damina, wasu masu bincike sun lura da yadda a cikin lokacin damina, 'yan amurka da ke Kudancin Amurka ke bayyana a gabar teku kuma suka yi tafiyar daruruwan kilomitoci don neman daskararrun daskararru da ke kusa da kusa. A yanzu can suna dumama da wuta a rana.

Yanzu kun san yadda za a ciyar da ficen shugaban. Bari mu ga yadda ta yi rayuwa a cikin daji.

Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa

Kamar sauran tsirrai masu zafi, lokacin bushewa ko bushewa daga jikin ruwa, Pipa Surinamese yana zaune tsawon lokaci cikin ƙazanta, marassa ƙarfi ko kuma tsagi, yana haƙuri da farawar lokaci mafi kyau. Ya firgita, amphibian da sauri ya yi ƙasa zuwa ƙasa, yana haƙa zurfi a cikin murɗa.

Ba shi yiwuwa a zauna a kan siffofin halayen tadpoles da aka ƙyamare. Misali, tadpoles mai karfi yakan iya zuwa saman ruwa kuma ya kama kumfa mai iya rayuwa-wuri-wuri. Rashin 'zuriyar', a akasin wannan, ya faɗi ƙasa kuma ya taso kan ruwa tare da ƙoƙarin 2-3 kawai.

Bayan huhunsu na bude, tadpoles na iya iyo a sarari. Haka kuma, a wannan matakin suna nuna halayyar rashin ruwa - yana da sauƙin tserewa daga samun abinci. Frog, wanda a baya ya ɗauki kwai a bayan sa, bayan fitowar tadpoles, rubs akan duwatsu, yana son cire ragowar ƙwai. Bayan molting, mace mai yin jima'i ta sake shirye don matta.

Tadpoles suna wadatar farawa daga ranakun 2 na rayuwarsu. Babban abincin da suke ci (komai girman sautinsa) ciliates ne da ƙwayoyin cuta, saboda ta irin nau'in abincin da suke ci sune masu siyarwa (kamar mussel). Nettle foda ya dace don ciyar da kamun kai. Maimaitawa da haɓakar bututun Surinamese yana faruwa a cikin T (a vivo) daga 20 zuwa 30 ° C da tsaurin da bai wuce raka'a 5 ba.

Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa

Namiji cikin yin jima'i yana sanya takamaiman sauti yana buɗewa, yana nunawa mace ga cewa yana shirye ya sanya ta farin ciki da sha'awa don bata lokaci. Namiji da mace suna yin rawar aure kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin ruwa (yayin wannan aikin, ana “tantance juna”). Mace ta sanya ƙwai da yawa - a layi daya da wannan, “zaɓaɓɓenta” yana zubo su da ruwan ɗinta.

Bayan haka, macen tayi ƙasa, inda kwai ya hadu da ita ta faɗi kai tsaye a bayanta kuma nan take ta manne da ita. Namiji kuma yaci gaba da wannan aikin, yana matsa qwai ga abokin aikin shi da kafafunsa na baya. Tare, suna yin nasarar rarraba su a cikin sel waɗanda ke a gefen ƙarshen baya na mace. Yawan ƙwai a cikin ɗayan irin wannan ya sha bamban a cikin kewayon daga 40 zuwa 144.

Lokacin da rana zata cika zuriyarta kimanin kwanaki tamanin ne. Theaukar nauyin '' kayan '' ƙwai tare da ƙwai wanda ke a bayan matar kimanin gram 385 ne - ɗaukar tsummokaran magana a kusa da agogo aiki ne mai wahala. Amfanin wannan tsari don kula da zuriya yana tabbata cewa akan kammala tsarin masonry, an rufe shi da wani yanki mai kariya mai kariya wanda ke samar da ingantaccen kariya. Zurfin sel daga inda aka sanya caviar ya kai mm 2 mm.

Kasancewa, a zahiri, a jikin mahaifiyar, tayi ne aka samu daga jikin ta dukkan abubuwan gina jiki da suke bukata don cigaban lafiya. Abubuwa da suka raba kwai daga juna suna yaduwa ta jiragen ruwa - ta wurin su oxygen da narkar da abubuwan gina jiki suka shiga zuriyar. Wani wuri a cikin makonni 11-12 matasa masu peeps an riga an haife su. Samun girma shekaru ne kawai 6 years old. Lokacin kiwo yayi daidai da lokacin damina. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda shugaban, kamar babu kowace rana, tana son ruwa.

Maƙiyi na dabi'a sun mamaye

Pipa Surinamese magani ne na gaske ga masu farautar ƙasa da kuma manyan mutane. Game da tsuntsayen - galibi waɗannan frogs din suna samun kansu ta hanyar wakilan iyalai, kuma. Wani lokacin ana cinye su ta hanyar ɓoye, macizai, herons. Mafi yawancin lokuta, waɗannan manyan tsuntsayen masu martaba suna iya kama dabbar a ƙafe.

Amma babban haɗari shine ga Surinamese Kakakin, musamman Kakakin Ruwa (kamar kowa ne da ke zaune a kowace ƙasa). Haka kuma, ko da wani kyakkyawan yanayinda yake taimaka musu anan - in farauta, dabbobi masu rarrafe sun fi karkatar da yanayin motsa jiki da ma'anar zafin rana daga halittu masu rai. Manyan marshes ɗin ba su hana yin liyafa a kan irin wannan rana.

Haka kuma, idan manya suna da wata dama ta tserar da rayuwarsu ta hanyar gudu da sauri ko kuma buya daga mahangarsu, to hakika tadpoles din ba shi da wata kariya. Adadinsu da yawa suna mutuwa, suna zama abinci ga kwari na ruwa, macizai, kifaye har ma da katako. Gabaɗaya, kowane mazaunin tafki mai zafi "zai ɗauki shi a matsayin girmamawa" don cin abinci a kan tadpole.

Iyakar abin da ke ɓoye shine rayuwa - kawai gaskiyar cewa da zarar mace Pipa na Surinamese tayi kusan ƙwai 2,000, ta tserar da jinsi daga halaka kuma tana bashi damar adana lambobin sa.

Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu

Ana rarraba yawancin cutar a kogin Kudancin Amurka. Ana iya ganin waɗannan frogs a kusan dukkanin ƙasashen wannan nahiya. Wasu likitocin dabbobi sun lura da kasancewar wadannan kwaro. Iyakataccen iyaka iyaka ya kai mita 400 sama da matakin teku (wato ana samun kogunan surinamese har a wannan tsaunin).

Duk da gaskiyar cewa an sanya hoton Pas Surinamese a matsayin amarya, wannan ƙwanƙwasa ana ɗaukar shi wani nau'in halittar ruwa mai ɗaukar ruwa - a wasu kalmomin, koyaushe yana rayuwa cikin ruwa, wanda ke iyakance rarrabuwar jama'a na nau'in. Pipa Surinamskaya ya fi son wuraren ajiye ruwa tare da ruwa mai tsafta ko tare da jinkirin kwarara - yankin yana ɗaukar yawancin koma baya, da tafkuna da ƙananan tafkuna na gandun daji. Frogs masterfully ɓoye a cikin auku ganye, yalwa rufe da kasan tafki. Saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin ƙasa suna motsawa cikin motsi da damuwa kuma (sabanin yawancin kwaɗi) ba su iya tsalle mai nisa, mutane a waje da kandami suna zama mai sauƙin kaya.

Dangane da matsayin nau'in halitta a cikin yanayi, a yau ana ganin yawan adadin Surinamese shugaban da kuma abubuwan da ke tattare da shi. Duk da yawan abokan halitta na asali da kuma tasirin cutar anthropogenic, ana samun yawancin nau'in halitta a cikin kewayon sa. Babu wata barazana ga yalwar wannan nau'in, kodayake a wasu wuraren an sami raguwa a yawan jama'a saboda ayyukan ɗan adam da mahimmin maido da yankuna. Pipa Surinamese ba ya cikin jerin jinsunan tare da barazanar lambobi, an samo shi a cikin ajiyar.

Pipa Surinamese ya bambanta da sauran wakilan amphibian ta hanyoyi da yawa - shi kaɗai ba shi da dogon harshe da aka tsara don kama kwari, babu membranes da falmaran a kan paws ɗin. Amma tana da kyau a rufe shi kuma mafi kyawun dukkan 'yan amphibians suna kula da zuriya, suna ɗaukar qwai a bayanta.

Dukansu abu ne mai kyau na ciki kuma dama ce ta musamman don lura da duniyar da mazaunan ruwa ke zaune a ciki. A cikin gidajen mutane, yawan ruwan ruwa na ruwa sun zama ruwan dare, wanda kifin na wurare masu zafi suna rayuwa.

Kadan ne yawanci zaku iya ganin ruwa mai gishiri tare da mazaunan tekuna masu ban mamaki.

Tabbas, abin ban sha'awa ne a kalli kifin, amma ba su yin wani abu na musamman. Kuma akwatin kifayen ya zama wuri gama gari, daina mamaki. Komai na iya canzawa idan kuna da wani mazaunin da ba sabon abu wanda zai zama mai ban sha'awa don kallo.

Madadin kifi, zaku iya sanya sarki toad a cikin akwatin kifayen, wanda yawancin masanan ruwa na Rasha ba sa samun su.

Surinamese shugaban wasa ne da ke rayuwa a cikin kananan tafkuna a Ecuador, Bolivia, Suriname, Peru da Brazil. Tana zaune a ruwa, a kan ƙasa motsi a hankali da kuma girgizawa.

Rayuwa a yanayi

Settleulla cikin ƙananan tafkunan, canjin ban ruwa. Pipa bai bar yanayin cikin ruwa ba tsawon rayuwa. Don samun abinci, sarki ya yi magana da kafafunsa na gaban ƙasa ya haƙa ƙasa ƙasa kuma an sami isasshen abinci cikin haɓaka. Hakanan za ta iya cin abubuwan da ba za a iya ci ba.

Don jin daɗin rayuwa, ƙwallon ƙafa biyu a cikin bauta suna buƙatar babban akwatin kifaye. Daga lita 100 zuwa 300. Coveredashin akwatin kifaye yana rufe da ƙananan pebbles, kodayake suna yin kyau ba tare da shi ba. Za'a iya amfani da tsirrai da rayuwa da kuma kayan adon na adon ƙasa.

Yakamata akwatin kifayen ya kasance yana da ƙaƙƙarfan tacewa. Pipes suna buƙatar ruwa mai ɗumi, zazzabi wanda ba ya ƙasa da + 27º С. Waɗannan baƙin dabbobi za'a iya ciyar dasu da abinci mai rai don manyan kifaye da ƙananan kifi.

Ta yaya toad shugaban surinamese kiwo?

Wani bakon abu game da shugaba toad shi ne yadda ake girka shi. Froan kwaɗi kaɗan suna fitowa kai tsaye daga bayan uwar mai kwaɗayi. Kuma waɗannan ba tadpoles ba ne, amma cikakkiyar ƙirar kwaɗi ne. Kuma yawansu ba daya ko biyu, amma kusan ɗari.

A dabi'ance, ba za a iya kiran bayyanar frogs din a cikin cikakkiyar ma'anar haihuwa ba. Qwai yana inganta kamar sauran amphibians. Bambancin shine kawai daga wurin da suka bunkasa.

Domin frogs din su bayyana, iyayen biyu sun shiga cikin wannan aikin. Da zaran mace ta sanya kwai, namiji ya zaro ta ya sanya shi a bayan mace a cikin wani yanayi na musamman, wanda ya bayyana a cikin Kakakin lokacin haifuwa.

Don haka namiji yana yin duk ƙwai da aka aza, kuma akwai daga 50 zuwa 150. Don kuma inganta qwai ta bayan mace, sai ya matse su da ciki.

Hankalin abin da ƙwai ke ciki yana haɓaka cikin sauri kuma yana zama kama da saƙar zuma. Daga saman qwai, saboda bushewarta, an kafa murfin kusan m. A cikin waɗannan recesses-combs ne fitsari na gaba ke tsiro, yana ratsa duk matakai na cigaban 'yan amphibians.

Da farko, amfrayo ya bayyana, wanda da kan lokaci ya zama tadpole. Developmentarin ci gaba yana faruwa a cikin zurfafa guda. Tadpoles sun zama ƙananan kwaɗi.

Haɓakawa da girma daga tayi a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi zai faru cikin kwanaki 10-12. Idan ruwa a daki zazzabi ci gaban tayi na rage zuwa kwanaki 15.

Idan yazo lokacin da za'a shiga duniyar girma, kananan peeps suna dauke murfin Dome, wanda a wancan lokacin ya riga ya kumbura, kuma ya fito daga sirrin kwano a bayan mahaifiyar rana.

Gsarfafa frogs da sauri suna barin mahaifiyar ta baya, raunana masu rauni suna barin a hankali, sau da yawa tare da ƙafafunsu na gaba.

Yaran, suna barin mazaunin su, suna yin iyo da sauri zuwa saman su fara numfashi. Bayan kwana biyu, sai suka fara cin abincin nasu.

Bayan duk kwaɗin sun bar bayayyakinsu, mace za ta fara shafa bayanta da ƙyallen, tana cire ragowar ƙyayen ƙwai. Af, bayan ya yi waka, Kakakin toad Surinamese ya shirya don sabon dabbar ta hanyar canjin.

Pipa Corvalho, ita ce dwarf shugaban kasar Brazil - kwaya wacce ba ta gani da kyau, amma kafafuwanta masu hankali suna taimaka mata wajen fahimtar duniya.

Bayani da fasali na Surinamese Kakakin

Wani salo na musamman na amphibians shine tsarin jikinta. Idan ka duba Hoton Pipa Surinamese, za ku yi tunanin cewa kwaya ta bazata ta fadi a karkashin kankara. Jikin bakin ciki, mai bakin ciki yana kama da tsohon itace kamar wanda yake zaune a rafukan ruwa mai zafi.

Shugaban yana da siffar triangular, kuma yana da laushi, kamar jiki. Eyesanan idanu, marasa ƙusasshen ido, suna sam daga saman tarkon. Sanannen abu ne cewa frogs peeps rasa harshe da hakora. Madadin haka, a kusurwar bakin, yatsar tana da faci na fata kama da tantin.

Hannun goshin suna ƙare da yatsunsu huɗu masu tsini ba tare da kalamu ba, ba tare da membranes ba, kamar yadda ya ke da ƙyanƙyallen fata. Amma an ba da ikon gwiwar kafaffun fayilolin fata mai karfi a tsakanin yatsunsu. Wannan yana bawa dabbar da baƙon abu jin zuciyar ta ƙarƙashin ruwa.

Kasancewa mara kyau mara kyau, yatsunsu masu hankali suna taimakawa peepa kewaya cikin ruwa

Jikin matsakaita ba ya wuce 12 cm, amma akwai kuma ƙattai, tsawonsu na iya kai cm 20 Fatar Surinamese Kakuri yana da ƙarfi, yana birgima, wani lokacin ma fiɗaɗɗen baki a bayan sa.

Launi ba ya bambanta da launuka masu haske, yawanci shine launin toka-mai launin ruwan ƙasa tare da ciki mai haske, yawanci tare da madaurin duhu mai tsayi yana zuwa zuwa makogwaro tare da kewaye da wuya. Baya ga karancin bayanan bayanan waje, Kakakin “ya baiwa” yanayi mai da wari mai kama da warin hydrogen sulfide.

Surinamese Kakaki - bayanin, tsari da hoto.

Fitowar Surinamese Kakakin baƙon abu bane. Kusan jikinta yakai tsawon cm 12-20 kuma yana da laushi sosai har yakan zama kamar takardar takarda ko ganye cikakke na itace. Haka kuma, maza sunyi karanci fiye da mace kuma sun bambanta a cikin jikin mace mai lalacewa. Shugaban Surinamese Kakaki yana da siffar triangular a cikin siffa, kuma ya daidaita. Idanun Convex tinyan kankanta ne, ba masu ƙusasshe ido ba, suna kusan kusa da bakin.

Surinamese Kakakin ya bambanta da na dangi na kusa da shi, yana ta ninka kwayoyi, a cikin duka babu hakora. Hakanan ba a lura da harshe na podi. A gaban idanun da a cikin sasanninta na bakin, wannan amfaniyanci yana da lalatarwar fata da ke kama shinge kaɗan. Kyakkyawan fasalin maza na Surinamese Kakaki alama ce ta akwatin ƙasusuwa na siffar trihedral a cikin maƙogwaro.

An rufe jikin Surinamese Kakuri mai kauri, kaɗa fata mai launin shuɗi, launin toka ko launin shuɗi. Cutar amarya tana canza launin fenti mai sauƙi, wani lokacin an yi masa ado da fararen fata ko kuma wani yanki mai launin fata yana gudana tare da ciki. Fata a bayan tsofaffi yana kangewa da wrinkled, kuma a cikin tsofaffin mata na iya samun farfajiya.

An nuna goshin gaban Surinamese kalmomi ta yatsu hudu, wadanda ba su da yatsu da kuma membranes. Abubuwan da suka shafi kama da banbanci suna girma a ƙarshen kowane yatsa, wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ake kiran mai girma star-kare. Irin wannan tsarin makamancin dabbobi na baiwa dabbar damar da a hankali ta tsinkaye kasa da laka kuma ta sami abin ci daga can. Kafafun kafafunsu sune shugaban, kamar yawancin frogs ko toads, mai ƙarfi, mai kauri fiye da na gaba da kyautar membranes.

Har ila yau, kogin Surinamese yana haifar da wari mara dadi wanda yake tunawa da hayakin hydrogen sulfide.

Ina Surinamese Kakakin yake zaune?

Surinamese shugaban wata mu'ujiza ce ta dabi'a da ta fi son ruwan laka da rayuwa musamman a koguna masu gudana, haka kuma a cikin tafkuna, hanyoyin ruwa da kuma wuraren ajiyar dabbobi a Kudancin Amurka: a Kolombiya, Venezuela, Bolivia, Brazil, Guyana, Faransa Guiana, Jamhuriyar Suriname , Ekwado, Peru. Hakanan, ana samun daidaikun mutane a sassan kudu da gabashin tsibirin na Trinidad.

Tsarin numfashi na Surinamese fada yana da haɓaka, amma duk da wannan, dabbobi suna jagoranci kusan yanayin ruwa mai ruwa: a cikin fari sun zauna cikin rabin bushe-bushe, kuma a farkon lokacin damina suna tafiya tare da jin daɗi tare da yawan ambaliyar ruwan kogin na Amazon.

Surinamese Kakakin: haihuwa.

Wadannan 'yan amphibians sun isa shekaru haihuwa. Lokacin kiwo da Surinamese gudoomiyaha galibi ana iyakance shi a lokacin damina. A cikin neman mace, maza na fitar da halayyar danna sauti, kwatankwacin bugun agogo tare da taɓa taɓa ƙarfe. Sau da yawa, masu fafatawa suna yin faɗa a tsakanin su, suna matsawa tare da dogon faɗann hannu.

Sake bugun Surinamese Kakaki shine mafi ban sha'awa, baƙon abu da rarrabe fasalin waɗannan amintattun mutane. Wasannin suna yin tsalle a cikin kauri daga ruwa mai kauri, kuma namiji, kamar dukkan hianyan marayan wutsiya, yakan yiwa mace gwaji da yawa. Namiji, wanda bai shirya don mating ba, nan da nan ya sake shi. Mace ta balaga ta hanyar jimawa daga irin wannan hular nan da nan ta zama lambobi, kuma ɗan rawar jiki ya mamaye jikinta. Bayan irin wannan siginar, namiji yakan lullube mace daga bisa tare da gashin gaba, kuma a wannan halin ma'aurata na iya zama dare da rana.

Kafin aiwatar da son yin hadin gwiwar, abokan hadin gwiwar suna juye juye, kasancewar suna kusa da ruwa, kuma dan Surinamese shugaban yana kasan, kai tsaye a bayan mace. Ana aiwatar da aikin sata ta hanyar layi, kuma namiji don wannan dannawa akan matar ta ovipositor wacce take a bayan ta: na farko, daga cloaca, kakakin ya bayyana daga 6 zuwa 12 kwai mai launin shuɗi tare da diamita na 6-7 mm. A karkashin tasirin nauyi, qwai ya fadi zuwa cikin ciki na namiji, wanda ya hadasu. Sa’annan ma'auratan suka juya zuwa matsayinta na al'ada, mace tayi iyo, qwai a hankali ta zauna a bayan ta, da namiji, kamar yadda yake, tare da jikinsa da kafafunsa, yana sanya kwai a bayan matar.

Idan mace Surinamese shugaban ta zama mahaifiya a karo na farko, to daga zafin fata a kusa da kowane kwai wani yanki mai girman hexagonal yana da zurfin 1-1.5 cm tare da bawul ɗin ƙwayoyin ƙwai wanda aka kirkiro - wani nau'in kayan maye don zuriya ta gaba. Septa da ke rarrabuwar sel ya cika fari kuma mai wadatar jini. Abinda yake da ban sha'awa: bayan hadi na farko, bayan matar Surinamese Kakana ta kasance sel a rayuwa.

Spawning fadar yana faruwa awanni 10-12, tare da wani tsakanin wani mintuna na 10-15, anan ne namiji yakamata yayi aiki da lamirinsa. Tare da kafafunsa na baya, namiji ya tattara qwai daga bangarorin mace kuma ya shiga cikin koda, bayyananniya, a tsaye da a kwance ba tare da izinin aya ba. Haɓaka da mahimmancin rayuwar matasa na Surinamese na gaba zai dogara ne kan yadda nasarar ƙwaiƙar ƙyayen ƙwai a cikin bayan mace zai kasance.

Namiji bashi da lokacin da zai iya ɗaukar takaddun caviar daga Surinamese shugaban, kuma ya faɗi a ƙasan ko ya tsaya akan tsirrai masu ruwa. Abin takaici, ba tare da yanayi na musamman da aka kirkira kawai akan uwar ba, caviar ba zai iya haɓaka ba don haka ya lalace.

Lokacin da qwai na ƙarshe ya ƙare kuma an dage farawa, matsi zai iya zama daga qwai 40 zuwa 144. Bayan kammala aikin sa, namiji na Surinamese Kakakin ya yi iyo, sai macen ta bukaci a share tsawon mako 11 zuwa 11, wanda a lokacin ne dan ya girma a yanayi mai kyau a bayan mahaifiyar. Bayan wasu 'yan awanni, launin toka mai toka a jikin mace, wanda yake kumbura yayin rana domin duk qwai sun kasance cikin nutsuwa cikin wannan abun, suna barin ma fi yawa a saman.

A lokacin shiryawa, sai wani matashi mai suna Surinamese Kakankasa yayi girma a cikin kowane kwai. Yayinda cuban sandunan ke girma, ƙwayoyin tantanin halitta suna ƙaruwa. Qwai Pipa suna da wadatar abinci a gwaiduwa kuma sun kai diamita na 6-7 mm. A farkon farawarsa, kowane kwai yana da nauyi kimanin 2.95 g, kuma a ƙarshen haɓakarsa, nauyin ya karu zuwa 3.37 g. Bayan kamar kwanaki 80, cikakkiyar pipaa firstan fadar da farko ya fara fitowa daga ƙarƙashin murfin tantaninsa, sannan kuma ya fito a hankali, gabaɗaya don kansa na rayuwa. 'Yanci daga zuriya, uwa tana tsayar da ragowar ƙwannayen kwayoyi a kan duwatsu da mai tushe na tsirrai, molts kuma ta sami sabon fata har zuwa lokacin matsi na gaba.

Saukar rana (Xenopus levis).

Bayanin. Shugaban yana karami, yadin da aka lalace, da mucks gajere ne, zagaye, idanu suka zazzare. Akwai gajeriyar magana mai kusa da ido, folds da duhu spots kuma bugun jini tafi a bangarorin jiki, dubura cikin mata an ɓoye ta guda biyu. Hannun kafafu na kasusuwa ne, da karfi sosai, membranes tsakanin yatsunsu, yatsun ya kare da kaifi mai kaifi, wanda kwaɗi suka karya ganima. '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' 'Manyan ba'. Baya da bangarorin launin ruwan kasa masu duhu ne da bakin duhu. Hakanan ana samun nau'i na albino - ruwan hoda-ruwan hoda mai ruwan shuɗi. Tsawon tsayin jiki na Spur frogs ya kai santimita 8. Tare da gangar jikin huhun tsintsaye, a tarnaƙi, akwai alamun damuwa a bayyane, an rufe su da ƙananan gashin gashi masu yawa.

Sake bugun ƙwayoyin tsutsotsi

Kafin dabbar, namiji yana da ratsi na baƙar fata a ɓangarorin yatsunsu kuma tare da paws zuwa gindinsu. Maza suna fitowa da alamar “shiru-kaska”, ana tunawa da sautin agogo. Kiran dabbar ta hanyar da ta dace da namiji Namiji yayin dabbar dabbar ta hanyar shimfidawa a kusa da mace a baya. Sa'a daya daga baya, kwanciya kwai ya fara. Dukkan qwai an sanya shi daban-daban akan tushe na shuka. Ba da daɗewa ba, matsanancin ɓangaren ƙwai yana ƙarfe kamar makamai. Bayan kwana biyu (a zazzabi na 22-25 ° С), ƙyanƙyashe larvae.

Da farko, tadpoles suna rataye a jikin tsire-tsire, ganuwar akwatin kifaye. Sa'o'i biyu bayan ƙuƙwalwa, larvae fara numfasawa a hankali, lokaci-lokaci yin iyo har zuwa saman ruwa da haɗiye iska. Daga rana ta huɗu a cikin sasanninta bakin suna bayyana "fiɗaɗa" na bakin ciki - zaren silsila. Mafi yawanci ana musu jagora ne kawai kuma lokacin da suke motsawa zuwa ƙasa sun karkata daga baya. A cikin ruwa mai laka na launin kore, "murƙushe" dole ne, tunda yana da wahalar ganin haɗarin tare da idanu.

Madadin alkama na ciki, tadpole yana da na'urar tantancewa ta yadda ruwa ya sha ta bakin sa. Manga na almara da kananan ciliates ana tace su daga ruwa.

A gida, tadpoles ana ciyar da garin alayyafo da salatin. A taro aka crushed (misali, rubbed ta colander) da daidaito na slurry da hankali narkar da cikin ruwa.

Bayan watanni 2-3, tadpoles ya riga ya sami angaren kafa huɗu, jikin yana zama da opaque. An riga an riƙe ƙurar ta da fari a kan ganyen tsire-tsire da kuma a ƙasa. Kuna buƙatar ciyar da Daphnia mai rai. Daga wata na huɗu, ana iya ba naman alade da aka tsara (dole ne a yanke su tare da zaruruwa), daga baya - a yanka a kananan ƙananan. Frogs sun kai ga balaga a shekara ta uku ta rayuwa.

Hymenochirus (Hymenochirus boettgery).

Bayanin. Yana da kankanta - tsawon jikin mutum shine santimita 3.5-4. A waje suna kama da Shportsovye matashi, amma jikinsu ya fi tsayi, wata gabar jiki tayi sira, an nuna maɓallin, a ƙarshen hancinsa. Launi iri ɗaya ne da na Shportsovyh - launin toka mai duhu tare da aibobi launin ruwan kasa da yawa, hasken ciki, a cikin ƙananan aibobi. A kan cinyoyin hannu akwai ƙananan membranes tsakanin yatsunsu. Mace sun fi maza yawa, kafin aure, bangarorinsu suna zagaye.

Halayyar

Surinamese shugaban yana kashe mafi yawan rayuwarsa a ruwa, lokaci-lokaci yakanje zuwa kasa. A kan tudu, ba ya yin tsawo na dogon lokaci, yana motsi da sauri tsalle kuma yana ƙoƙarin hanzarta zuwa danshi mai ceton.

Sai kawai a cikin amintaccen ruwa yana jin kwantar da hankula, da wayo a cikin ciyawar ciyayi. Launin launin ruwan kasa wanda ba shi da illa yana sa ya kusan ganuwa a ƙasan tafki. Idanun ta a saman kanta, ta kawai za ta iya ɗaga ido tare da lura da duk abin da yake faruwa a saman ruwa.

Tana kama da fluarancin canji a cikin muhalli tare da taimakon gabobin musamman na layin ƙarshe. Faya-faya-faren huɗaɗɗu a ƙarshen yatsunsu na gaba suna zama azaman gabobin taɓawa da ke da ƙarfi da taimako kuma suna taimakawa don kewaya cikin daji.

Pipa Surinamese ɗan ƙaddara ne kuma yana ciyar da kwari akan kwari, amma a farko dama hakan ba zai hana kansa jin daɗin ci tare da ƙaramin kifi ba. Rashin hakora, kwaɗayi mai cinyewa tana haɗiye ganima gabaɗaya. A lokacin fari, ana binne shi cikin nutsuwa da haƙuri yana jira lokacin damina.

Rayuwar Surinamese sarki da abinci mai gina jiki

Rayuwa duk rayuwarsa a cikin ruwa tsakanin algae, datti da suttuttukan sautsi, shugaban majami'a yana jagorantar rayuwa mai cike da kamshi da kwanciyar hankali. Idanuwanta, sama da kuma harshenta baki daya sun cika kwarara.

Koyaya, da bazata ya fita ba, Surinamese Kakakin ya juya ya zama mara ma'ana. Tana cikin rawar gani, a hankali tana ƙoƙarin neman wani wuri, kuma idan ta isa fadama kusa da ita, ba zata ƙara barin ta ba har sai da bushewa.

Idan kwaɗayi tayi birgima zuwa kogi, to, tana zaɓar waɗancan wuraren da babu halin yanzu. Abincisurinamesefadar mafi yawa a cikin duhu. Suna neman abincinsu a ƙasan tafkin da suka zauna.

Bututun yana kwance ɓarkewar hanya a kan hanya mai tsayi, manyan gado huɗu da bincika abinci ta amfani da wart-mai siffa wart. Duk abin da ya fito shine ainihin ƙaramin kifi, tsutsotsi, tsutsotsin jini, frog na Surinamese yana jan bakinsa.

Sake buguwa da tsawon rai

Surinamesepeeps , shirye don kiwo sannan, lokacin da jikinta yayi girma zuwa girman akwatin wasa, watau, santimita biyar. Toads-pips sun kai irin wannan girma a shekarar ta shida ta rayuwarsu. Boysan matan Pipa kaɗan sun ɗan bambanta da 'yan matan su a cikin launi mai duhu da ƙarami.

Kafin haduwar ta fara, kamar mutum mai wayo, mai wawa yakan sanya wa masoyin shi soyayya, danna da kuma yin waswasi. Idan uwargidan ba ta da niyyar haduwa, malamin ba zai nace ba. Da kyau, idan mace ta shirya, sai ta daskarewa na ɗan lokaci kaɗan sai ta fara ƙara rawar jiki. Ga namiji, irin wannan halayen jagora ne zuwa aiki.

Sun auri rawa, ko kuma duk abin da ya faru, tsawon kwana yana da kama da rawa. Mace ta fara kwanciya qwai, namiji, yana amfani da dukkan karfin jikinsa da kazantar sa, ya kama su kuma ya sanya shi a hankali cikin "karamin gida" wanda yake a bayan mahaifiyar ta gaba.

Mace na iya kwanciya daga ƙwai sittin zuwa ɗari da sittin. Amma ba ta yi shi nan da nan. Sannu a hankali, tsutsotsi ya sanya kwaya goma masu ƙyalli, namiji ya saka su cikin miji na baya, ya manne da shi a ciki.

Mutumin nan da nan ya hadu da ƙwai, kuma, bayan an sa shi sosai tare da taimakon ƙafafunsa, kowane a cikin gidansa, yana matse tumbinsa a bayan mace, kamar dai yana matse su. Bayan minti 10 da hutawa, sai an maimaita aikin.

Wasu qwai na iya faɗuwa daga faɗuwar mahaifin da kuma tsaya ga ciyayi, amma ba za su ba da sabon rayuwa ba. Lokacin da uwargida ta gama siyarwa, sai namiji ya tona asiri gamsai don rufe kowane gida har sai zuriya ta bayyana. Bayan haka, yana jin yunwa kuma ya gaji, ya bar abokin zama har abada, a kan wannan an kammala aikin sa. Matar kuma ta yi iyo ta tafi neman abinci.

Bayan 'yan sa'o'i kaɗan, inda ba za ku iya fita daga ƙarƙashin "tadpole gidaje" ba, wani adadin ruwa mai ruwa ya bayyana daga gangara, wanda ya tashi, yana ɗaukar wa kansa duk tarkace da ke bayan yatsan.

Hakanan, tare da taimakon wannan taro, ana zubar da qwai, waɗanda ke kanana kuma ba tare da kwayar cutar ba kuma an cire su. Bayan haka, Kakakin ta yi goge da baya ta kowane bangare domin tsabtace dukkan datti daga kanta.

Kwanaki tamanin masu zuwa, mahaifiyar mai fata za ta ɗauki kwai da aminci. Lokacin da tadpoles ya kasance cikakke kuma suna shirye don rayuwa mai cin gashin kanta, saman kowane kwai ya fashe kuma karamin rami ya shiga ciki.

Da farko, yana taimakawa numfasawa ɗan da ba a haife shi ba. Sannan, ta hanyar sa, tadpoles ya fita. Wasu suna tafiya tare da jela, wasu kuma da kai.

Daga can gefe, kana kallon kwaya zaka iya ganin cewa bayanta yayi daidai da kawunansu da wutsiyar yara. Tadpoles da sauri suna barin gidan su na wucin gadi kuma waɗanda ke da ƙarfi nan take suna gudu zuwa saman ruwa don numfasa iska.

Wadanda suka raunana, da suka fadi sau da yawa zuwa gindi, amma kuma wani yunƙuri na iyo, duk da haka cimma burinta. Sannan dukkansu, da aka tara su wuri guda, ana aika su zuwa sabuwar rayuwa, wacce ba a san su ba tukuna. Yanzu dole ne su kubuta da kansu daga abokan gaba, neman abinci don kansu, suna binsu cikin lamuran ƙasa.

A mako na bakwai na rayuwarsu, tadpoles suna shirye don canji kuma sun fara juyawa zuwa ƙwaya. Suna girma da santimita uku zuwa hudu, daga farko kafa kafafun hular ne, daga nan kafafun gaba da wutsiya zasu shuɗe.

Lallai, mahaifiyar da ta cika, kasancewar ta shafe kanta sosai da duwatsun, sannan ta zubar da tsohuwar fata, tuni ta kasance cikin sabon hoton sake shirye-shiryen soyayya. Surinamese peeps suna zaune a cikin kyakkyawan yanayin har zuwa shekaru goma sha biyar.

Kiwo Surinamese Kakakin a gida

Ga masu son nuna wariya da waɗanda suke son samun irin wannan toad, suna buƙatar sanin cewa yana buƙatar dakin. Saboda haka, akwatin kifayen yakamata ya zama akalla lita ɗari. Idan ka sanya gidan abincin ka na yau da kullun a cikin gidan mai ɗari uku na mai, toad zai yi farin ciki kawai.

Ta kowane hali kada ku dasa kwalaye na akwatin kifaye, tabbas babban malamin ya ci su. An rufe saman farfajiyar akwatin kifayen tare da net ko murfi tare da ramuka, in ba haka ba peeps, ba zato ba tsammani sun dame shi da dare, zai iya fita daga ciki ya mutu.

Zazzabi na ruwan ya zama a dakin daki ashirin da ashirin da biyar. Kuna iya shan ruwan famfo mai kyau. Hakanan, bai kamata ya zama mai gishiri ba, kuma ya cika da oxygen. Za'a iya rufe kasan akwatin kifaye tare da kyakkyawan tsakuwa, sanya kowane ciyayi a ciki don kyakkyawa, kwaya bazai ci shi ba.

Da kyau, kuna buƙatar ciyar da ita da babban zubar jini, soya, earthworm, daphnia, hamarus. Ba za ku iya ba manyan yanki na ɗanyen nama ba. Pipa mace ce mai yawan magana da yawan magana; za ta ci sosai kamar yadda aka ba ta.

Sabili da haka, sarrafa adadin abinci don guje wa kiba. Idan kiba ta fara koda lokacin karami ne, tokar mahaifa ta lalace kuma mummunar mummunar tsiro a bayan ta.

Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa Surinamese peeps suna da kunya, a kowane yanayi ya kamata ku buga gilashin akwatin kifaye tare da komai. A tsorace, za ta yi birgima kuma zata iya faɗar ƙarfi a jikin bangon ta.

Me pips din suke ci

Ta hanyar abincinsu, suna kusanci da tsintsayen ƙwayoyin tsirrai: ƙananan yara suna ɗaukar abincin rai (enchitrea, tubule, bloodworms), manya (daga wata na uku na rayuwa) da yardar rai suna cin nama da kifi.

Gimenokhirusy, kamar yadda ka sani, duk rayuwarsu sun fi son abinci mai rai. Bututun yana karɓar abinci mai bushe (daphnia, gammarus) daga saman ruwa, suma suna cinye flakes mai mahimmanci - misali, tetra-min.

Sukan ci abinci da yawa, kuma suna samun kitse daidai a gaban idanunsu, Ciyarwar abinci yana ɗayan masu ƙarfafa haihuwa.

Sake bugun Tura Carvalho

Sake buguwa da haɓakar P.carvalhoi yawanci suna gudana cikin ruwa tare da taurin 5 ° a zazzabi na 20-30 ° С. Rashin ruwa mai wuya ba a so. P.carvalhoi yana da matukar sha'awar yan koyo, da farko saboda hanyar ban mamaki na haifuwar maza Maza sunfi karancin mace, idan aka duba daga gefen su sun fi karkata, wani lokacin launinsu yafi duhu. Kama maza daga mace na faruwa ne a kamar yadda ake yiwa 'yan matan duka marasa ƙarfi.

Na farko ya zo jerin jerin gwaji na gajere. Idan mace bata shirya ba, da sauri namiji ya sake ta. Mace da ta gama a lokacin kamawa ce, wata 'yar rawar jiki ta wuce jikinta, da ta karɓi wannan siginar, sai namiji ya rufe goshin. A wannan matsayin, frogs na iya iyo a lokacin rana. Yawancin lokaci kama yana faruwa da dare, da kuma ayyukan dabbar ta hanyar canjin - lokacin wayewar gari.

Maƙallan haɗin biyu suna iyo a bude kuma ba zato ba tsammani ya juya juye 5-10 cm daga farfajiya. Namiji yana ƙasa, ƙashin ciki yana bayan bayan mace. A wannan lokacin, ƙwai na 6-12 sun fito daga alkyabar mace, a ƙarƙashin ikon nauyi suka zame ƙasa da dan ci gaba (kawunan rana a wannan lokacin da ke ƙasa da bayan jikin) kuma suka faɗi cikin rata tsakanin bayan mace da ciki na maza.

A lokaci guda, ƙwai suna hadi. Daga nan sai fatar sarki ya koma matsayinsu da na maza, kamar a yanzu, yana sanya kwayayen itace a jikin mace ta baya. Abubuwan kwanciya na kwanciya na haɗu suna biye da juna tare da tazara daga 5-15min. A cikin duka, frogs sun juya sau 40-50. A wannan lokacin suna kwance (a cikin yanayinmu) daga 50 zuwa 170 qwai.

Ta halitta, abubuwan da ke biyo baya suna ba wa maza ƙarin matsala fiye da na farko: yana samar da ƙwai tare da ciki don su kwanta a bayan mace a jere, kodayake sabon clutches a cikin yawancin ma'aurata suna zubewa tare da ƙwai da aka matse zuwa bayan. Da cinyoyinta na baya, suna dauke da su gaba, namiji yana tattara qwai daga bangarorin jikin matar kuma daga kanta kuma ya kirkiri su a dunkule daya a wani bangare na bayanta.

Hoto na rana hoto

Kowane ɗayansu sun faɗi ƙasa, sun tsaya ga tsire-tsire, amma sun daina ci gaba. Idan an cire qwai daga bayan mace kuma a sanya su a cikin wani jirgin ruwa daban, to ko da a cikin mafi kyawun yanayi () haɗarin su bai faruwa ba. Babu shakka, shigar da qwai da namiji a bayan mace na daga cikin mahimman wuraren samun kiwo cikin nasara A karshen sanya kwan qwai, namiji zai bar mace. Yanzu za ka iya gani sarai duk masonry ta baya. Qwai suna da yawa (har zuwa 1.4 mm a diamita), hauren giwa (digiri na yellowness ya bambanta), suna kwance a cikin m Layer.

An matse su a bayan mace kwata kwata. Ta wannan hanyar, macen ta yi iyo ta fara ciyarwa. Tunda sun kasance m, qwai, guda tsirrai, da sauransu tsaya wa qwai .. Awanni uku bayan kwanciya, launin toka mai launi iri ɗaya yana fara tashi a ƙasa da baya, yana rufe da layuka mara kyau. Yayin rana, wannan taro yana kumbura saboda ƙwai sun kusan nutsar da su a ciki, kawai fiɗaɗɗun haskensu ake gani - wani abu kamar tsohuwar matattarar duwatsun dutse, dogaye da datti.

Kuma abin da ke ba da mamaki, duk tarkace da ke haɗa ƙwai, ɓarna, gami da ƙwai marasa ƙarfi, ana fitar da su. Embryos sun haɗu da yawan zafin jiki a daki na kwanaki 15, a 26-28 ° C na 10-12.

Haɓakar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwai yana faruwa ba bisa ƙa'ida ba Kwanaki 3-4 kafin a fitar da tadpoles, karamin rami ya hadu akan kowace kwai wanda ruwa ya shiga cikin tayi mai zurfi. A baya mace ta zama kamar strainer. Kwana ɗaya ko biyu kafin tadpole ya tashi, ƙwanƙarin kwan ya buɗe ya fashe tare da buɗe ƙofofin a saman sa.

Tadpoles Pipa

Adarfin tadpoles mai ƙarfi yana tashi daga ƙwai, kamar roka, kuma yana hanzari ya hau sama don ɗaukar kumfa. Waɗanda ba su da rauni suna fita daga cikin kwalayen a hankali, a kai ko kuma wutsiya a gaba, don haka dawowar mace ta zahiri cike take da shuwagabannin ku. Wadannan tadpoles sun faɗi ƙasa kuma suka isa ƙasa, tare da ƙoƙari biyu zuwa uku. Bayan sun kama kumfa na iska, sun fara iyo a kwance. Kusan jikinsu mai siffar mara nauyi yana da diamita na 2.5-3 mm, wutsiya mai gaskiya - 7-9 mm. Tadpoles ana tara su cikin garken, da sauri su gudu daga mafarauta, suna iya binne kansu cikin kunci.

Sun fara ci a rana ta biyu. Tadpoles masu daukar hoto ne. Abincin da ya dace da tadpole frog tadpoles, Kakakin bai dace da zuriya ba, wahalar ita ce cewa suna buƙatar ɗumbin ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma ciliates yayin kula da tsabtataccen ruwan. Aeration, musamman mai ƙarfi, yana da lahani ga tadpoles.

Ba shi yiwuwa a bar su a cikin tafki tare da kwaroro na manya - sun mutu daga asirin ƙarshen. Don haka, mafi kyawun sashi a cikin fasahar kiwo da fasahar kere kere ita ce samar da yanayin da ya dace da kuma samar da tadpoles. Haɓakar tadpoles da metamorphosis yana ɗaukar makonni 6-8.

Kafin juya cikin kwaya, tadpoles ya kai tsawon 35-40 mm. Da farko, gwiwowin kafa ya bayyana, sannan manyan goshi, wutsiyar ta ragu, kuma tadpole yana zaune kusa da furotin da yake tattare dashi kuma baya ciyarwa a wannan lokacin. A wannan matakin, yana da jinkirin kuma, kamar dai, hawa sama a cikin shafi na ruwa. A wannan lokacin, ya zama dole a kama shi kuma a watsa shi cikin wani tafki don frogs, daga baya ya fi wahalar yin. Rashin wutsiya ya hadu da samuwar bakin rana, sai ya koma cikin abinci mai gina jiki.

A wannan lokacin, ana rage kayan aikin injin, ana maye gurbin jijiyar ciki da na huhu. Sauran makomar frogs din ya dogara da yawan abinci masu rai (tubule, enchitrea, bloodworms) da rarrabasu akan lokaci gwargwadon girman su. Bayan fitowar tadpoles, mace mai tsayi tana yiwa dutse tsafta, tana kuma rage ragowar kwanon ƙwai daga baya, sannan kuma tayi gurnani. Daga wannan lokacin, tana shirin sake yin aure.

M. Makhlin, I. Mizgirev

Noman kifi da kamun kifi 1984 №2

Surinamese magana toad ne mazaunin ban sha'awa na akwatin kifaye! A akwatin kifaye a cikin gidan shine duka abu mai ban sha'awa na ciki da kuma damar ta musamman don lura da duniyar da mazaunan ruwa ke zaune a ciki. A cikin gidajen mutane, yawan ruwan ruwa na ruwa sun zama ruwan dare, wanda kifin na wurare masu zafi suna rayuwa.

Kadan ne yawanci zaku iya ganin ruwa mai gishiri tare da mazaunan tekuna masu ban mamaki.

Madadin kifi, zaku iya sanya sarki toad a cikin akwatin kifayen, wanda yawancin masanan ruwa na Rasha ba sa samun su.

Surinamese shugaban wasa ne da ke rayuwa a cikin kananan tafkuna a Ecuador, Bolivia, Suriname, Peru da Brazil. Tana zaune a ruwa, a kan ƙasa motsi a hankali da kuma girgizawa.

Pipa

Bayanin. Jikin waɗannan frogs sun fi birgima (musamman a cikin maza) fiye da na Shportsovye; lokacin da aka duba daga sama, shugaban yana da fasalin kusurwa uku mai kama da bututun ƙarfe. A ƙarshen yatsun goshin, baƙon sifa irin halayyar bututun shima halayen ne. A baya launin ruwan kasa-launin toka-toka, ciki ya shiga duhu. Matashi peeps suna da wuta, ciki ya yi laushi, shugaban da ke ƙasa duhu ne.

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