Mackerel kifi ne mai pelagic na gidan mackerel. Mackerel sune mafarautan da ke rayuwa a cikin teku. A farauta, za su iya haɓaka mai girma. Ana samun Caviar da larvae ne kawai kusa da bakin iyakar.
An samo Mackerel a cikin Tekun Pasifik, tare da iyakokin China da Tsibirin Japan zuwa Australia da New Zealand zuwa zurfin 300 m. Babban mazaunin wannan kifin shine zafin jiki na ruwa, wanda ya kamata ya kasance a cikin kewayon +8 zuwa +20 digiri. Tsawon jikin mutum shine kusan cm 50. Rashin tsufa yakan faru ne a shekaru 2, matsakaicin rayuwar yana kusan shekaru 8.
Kifi na mackerel yakan faru ne tsakanin watan Afrilu da Oktoba daga tasoshin kamun kifi. Amma daga bakin tekun ya fi kyau a fara kamun kifi a ƙarshen bazara - Yuni da Yuli.
Idan an kama kifin a cikin hunturu, to zai iya ƙunsar kitse har zuwa 30%. Protein a mackerel akalla 18 g ne na 100 g na samfur. Sinadarin da ke cikin wannan kifin na da inganci sosai kuma yana narkewa sau da yawa idan aka kwatanta shi da naman sa har ma da naman zomo.
Akwai nau'ikan mackerel iri 18. Amma a masana'antar abinci, iri kamar:
- Tsire ko mackerel Mutanen Espanya shine mafi girman wakilcin wannan nau'in. Tana zaune a bakin Tekun Indiya, yamma da Tekun Pasifik da kuma Tekun Bahar Rum.
- Masarautar Jafananci - aka rarraba a cikin ruwan Japan, Korea, da Arewacin China.
- Indian Royal Mackerel - yana zaune kusa da bakin gabar kudu maso kudu da Kudancin Asiya kuma ya girma zuwa santimita 60 kawai.
Bambancin halaye na shuɗi mackerel da mackerel
Mackerel kifi ne mai gina jiki wanda ke da farin farin nama. Yana da sauƙin mai, amma a lokaci guda, da ɗan wahala, wanda ya kamata a la'akari da shi a cikin aikin dafa abinci.
Yawancin dandano na mackerel sau da yawa idan aka kwatanta da dandano na mackerel. Duk da kusancin dangantakar kwayar halitta, waɗannan wakilan suna da babban bambanci.
- Ofayan manyan bambance-bambancen dake tsakanin waɗannan kifaye shine girman. Mackerel ya ɗan fi girma kaɗan a girma.
Girman dangi ya bambanta daga 20 cm zuwa fiye da 4.5 m., Samun jiki mai tsayi da jijiyoyi masu ƙarfi tare da manyan hakoran triangular. Hakanan, mackerel yana da saman kai.
Alamar rarrabewa ta gaba ita ce launirsu.
Jikin mackerel ya rufe da duhu duhu da ratsi, wanda a wasu nau'ikan kuma zasu iya rufe ciki mai launin toka ko launin shuɗi. A mackerel, kawai tube tsallaka ciki na azurfa na ƙetare bayan. A waje, mackerel da mackerel suna da kama sosai: dukansu suna da launin kore-kore a inuwa, iri ɗaya ne. Bambancin ya ta'allaka ne a cikin abin da ake kira "lakabi raunin damisa." A mackerel, suna a sarari a baya. Amma mackerel, ban da raunin, shima yana da duhu aibobi.
An yaba da naman Mackerel saboda yawan kitse da dandano mai yawa. Namancinta na da launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan shafawa, yayin da a mackerel ya bushe sosai kuma yana da launin toka mara kyau.
Kuna iya rarrabe nama mackerel - yana da tsauri fiye da na mackerel, yana bushewa da sauri lokacin kulawa da zafi. Yanke shi abu ne mai sauki - ba kwa buƙatar cire sikeli, kuma fillet ana samun sauƙin rabu da dutsen tare da wuka na yau da kullun, babu ƙananan kasusuwa a ciki.
Dukiya mai amfani
Wannan nau'in yana da kitse mai yawa, saboda haka ba a amfani da shi azaman abincin abinci. Tsarin mackerel ya sha bamban saboda dalilai kamar haka:
Kifi da aka kama a cikin hunturu a cikin latitude na arewacin an ɗauke shi da ƙiba. Naman ya ƙunshi yawancin bitamin da ma'adanai (B, B12, C, D, PP, A, K, H), da kuma macroelements masu zuwa: sulfur, chlorine, phosphorus, potassium, da sauransu.
200-300 grams na mackerel zai samar da buƙatun yau da kullun na phosphorus!
Phosphorus yana shafar ginin enzymes, waxanda suke da mahimmancin injunan motsa jiki a sel. Phosphorus kuma yana ƙarfafa ƙwayar kwarangwal, wannan shine dalilin da ya sa mackerel yana da amfani musamman ga yara da tsofaffi.
Ana shawarar Mackerel kada ya ci fiye da sau uku a mako saboda yawan kitse.
Mackerel, wane irin kifi, hoto
King mackerel wani nau'in kasuwanci ne mai mahimmanci wanda mallakar dangin mackerel perch-kamar kifi. Yankin rarraba waɗannan mazaunan ruwa ya bambanta sosai, amma galibi har yanzu suna zaune a tekun Atlantika da Arctic.
A waje, yana kama da sanannen mackerel, amma yana da bambance-bambance da shi, wanda zamuyi magana akan ƙasa, asalin halittar yana da nau'ikan kifaye tara. Dukkanin su suna da doguwar tsoka, jajaye mai iko, wutsiya mai yatsa mai kama da abin da aka ɗaure da zagaye daɗaɗaɗɗen launin shuɗi.
Bayanin Kifi
Wannan nau'in kuma ana kiranta masaraliyar sarauta. Mackerels kifi ne daga odar perciform, suna cikin gidan mackerel.
An rarraba shi a daidai wurin da aka samo mackerel. Ana iya samun Mackerel duka a cikin Arctic Arctic da kuma sauran yankunan da ke cike da ruwa mai sanyi.
Mackerel yana da jiki mai tsawon rai tare da kaifi mai kaifi. An rufe shi da ƙananan sikeli - abin da ake kira rudimentary, wanda yayi kama da fim mai haske. Akwai hakora masu kaifi masu yawa a bakin.
A baya ana fentin shuɗi tare da shimfidar baƙin ƙarfe, gefuna da ciki - azurfa-shuɗi. Daban-daban jinsunan a jiki suna da rariyoyi ko aibobi. Girman nau'ikan mutum ya bambanta sosai - daga 0.6 zuwa 4.5 m.
Kifin mackerel sun gwammace su ɓace. Waɗannan sune ƙaddara masu cin abinci a kan sardines, anchovies, squid da shrimp.
A lokaci guda, mackerels galibi suna zama ganima. Ba su damu da abun ciye-ciye ba:
Matsakaicin rayuwar kifi shine shekaru 25.
Mene ne bambanci daga mackerel
Loverswararrun masoya suna cin abinci akan kifi basu san menene bambanci tsakanin mackerel da mackerel ba. Saboda wannan, masu siyar da marasa kunya zasu iya siyar da mutum ɗaya a ƙarƙashin kuskuren wani.
Amma kifaye suna da bambance-bambance guda 4:
- Mackerel ya fi mackerel yawa. Girman na farko ba zai zama ƙasa da 60 cm ba, yayin da tsawon jikin na biyu a matsakaici shine 30 cm.
- Abun ciki a cikin mafi yawan nau'ikan mackerel yana da tsabta, mai haske. Tsarkaka da aibobi basa tsawa daga baya zuwa ciki. Kuma mackerel da ke ƙasa ana fentin launin shuɗi ko rawaya, akan ciki - alamomi.
- Nama mackerel mai kitse ne, mai ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi-launi, mackerel ya bushe kuma yayi wahala, launin toka. A lokacin jiyya zafin rana, fillet na kifi na ƙarshe yana haskakawa.
- A mackerel, ƙage ya fi m, a mackerel - kaifi, elongated.
Matattara
Takaitaccen mackerel ko Spanish bonito ana samunsu a cikin Tekun Indiya da tekun Pasifik a cikin yankuna masu ɗumbin zafi, matsakaici. Ana iya samun wakilai a cikin Tekun Atlantika kusa da St. Helena.
Kifi zauna da zurfin m 200. A tsawon kai 2.4 m, matsakaicin nauyi - 70 kg. Daya daga cikin shahararrun kofuna na masunta. Farin naman Spanishan Spain na dafa shi yana jin daɗin masu dafa abincin. Ya zo sabo, mai sanyi, kyafaffen ko gishiri.
Yawan kama masaral da aka zana ya rage yawan kifaye. Ta sami matsayin "Kusa da ularfin."
Jafananci
Sarauniyar Jafan, ƙaramin mackerel ko savara kifi ce da ke da tsayi da tsayi. Weight bai fi kilo 5 tare da girman 1 m.
Ana samun Savara a gefen tekun China, Taiwan, Korea - a cikin hanyar kudu maso gabashin tsibirin Hokkaido. A cikin Rasha, a wasu lokuta sukan haɗu a cikin Gaban Bitrus Mai Girma.
Savara tana zaune ƙasa da sauran nau'in - kusan shekaru 6, yayin da wasu nau'in kuma suka kai shekaru 20-25.
Masaral na Jafananci ana kama shi sosai a cikin hunturu - lokacin da nama ya fi yawan shafawa da mahimmanci. Yi amfani da seines da hanyoyin sadarwa.
Sarauniya
Masarautar masarautar gargajiya ta Indiya ko tabar wiwi suna da nama mafi ƙima. Duk da babbar murya, girman kifin yana da ƙananan - 60 cm. Manyan wakilai sun kai 76 cm a tsayi.
Amma ɗanɗano kifayen suna da ban mamaki. Duk masunta da ke zaune a Indiya, Thailand, Indonesia, Malesiya, Kampuchea suna son samun ta - inda aka samo mackerel, ko kuma, wakili ne a gidan mackerel.
Siffofin kamun kifi
Mackerel dabba ce mai mahimmanci a masana'antar kamun kifi. Massally, an kama shi ta seines, tiers da gillnets.
Sakamakon shayarwa, wasu nau'in kifaye suna gab da hallakarwa.
Masunta na Amateur kuma basu damu kama kifi ko biyu don abincin dare ba.
Better kifi daga jirgin ruwa ko jirgi. Yi amfani da sanda ko wasa, sanda ko iyo. Ya dace da koto:
- Samodur - hookaƙaƙen da aka yi wa ado da abubuwa masu haske: tsare, gashin fuka-fukai da sauran abubuwa,
- koto, wanda ake sayarwa a shagunan kamun kifi,
- karamin kifi da aka kama ya haɗu zuwa cm 30 a ciki,
- mollus
- kowane irin kifi.
Abin da yake mai tamkerel mai mahimmanci
A duban farko, naman mackerel na iya ɗauka kamar ba mai kulawa ba ne. Yana da kyau launin toka, ba ma mai kauri ba. Koyaya, fillet kifi wani shago ne na bitamin da ma'adinai masu lafiya.
Kwai 300 g na kifi ne kawai zai cika buƙatar yau da kullun na phosphorus, da 400 g na potassium.
Yin amfani da mackerel a kai a kai yana taimakawa ga:
- rage hadarin kansa, cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, nau'in ciwon suga 2,
- rigakafin cututtukan arthritis da psoriasis,
- increasedarin rayuwa mai sa rai - godiya ga mai amfani mai kitse da coenzyme Q10,
- ƙarfafa ganuwar jijiyoyin jini da hana thrombosis,
- da kiyaye ingantattun gidajen abinci da kasusuwa,
- rigakafin cutar anemia da taimako a cikin yaƙar anemia saboda yawan abun ciki na bitamin B12 da baƙin ƙarfe,
- normalization na thyroid gland shine yake - godiya ga aidin,
- poarfafa iko saboda kasancewar sinadarin zinc,
- fata mai laushi, gashi, kusoshi.
Sakamakon sinadarin fluoride da sinadarin phosphorus, kifin mackerel shine kariya ta halitta daga cututtukan baka. Yana karfafa en enel, yana hana cigaban caries, lahani mai fasali, lalata abubuwa, ya karfafa gumakan.
Shin mackerel yana da amfani ga kowa
Mackerel yana da kaddarorin amfani da yawa. Amma, kamar kowane samfuri, kifi lokacin da aka yi amfani dashi ko amfani dashi ba zai iya cutar da su ba.
Ba sa ba da shawarar cin kifi sau da yawa fiye da sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 2-3. Yawan cin mai na kifi na iya bakin jini, ya yawaita zub da jini, ko haifar da bujirowar huhu da yashwa.
Mafi amfani shine Boiled ko gasa maskerel. Masana ilimin abinci basa bada shawarar cin soyayyen, gishirin, kyafaffen, kifin gwangwani sau da yawa. Kuma mutane da cututtukan cututtukan hanji, koda, hanta, zuciya, kiba yakamata su manta da wadannan hanyoyin sarrafa kayan.
Aikace-aikacen dafa abinci
Mackerel shine ɗayan nau'ikan kifi mafi mahimmanci a cikin masana'antar abinci. Yana da mai mai kyau, mai daɗi, kuma bayan an kula da zafin nama naman ya zama mai haske da mai yawa.
Yawancin jita-jita tare da mackerel mirgine kan. Ana ci shi ta:
- raw, flavored da citric acid da kayan yaji,
- soyayyen
- dafa shi
- gasa
- dafa shi
- kyafaffen
- m
- gwangwani
Kalori abun ciki da darajar abinci mai gina jiki
Saboda yawan kitsen mai, masu cin abincin suna tsoron cin mackerel. Amma waɗannan tsoran suna a banza. Kifi ya ƙunshi kitsen lafiya - Omega-3 acid. Bugu da kari, yana da abubuwa da yawa masu amfani wanda ke inganta metabolism kuma yana daidaita jikin mutum.
Duk da yawan kitse, kifi yana ƙasa da adadin kuzari. Yawan kcal a cikin nau'ikan iri daban-daban daga 110 zuwa 158 ga 100 g.
100 g na kifi ya ƙunshi 6.3 g na mai, 19,3 g na furotin kuma babu carbohydrates. Bugu da kari, mackerel wani shago ne na ma'adanai. An ba da cikakkun bayanan abubuwa a cikin tebur.
Ana nuna bayanan matsakaita, tunda ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki da adadin macro-da microelements sun bambanta da irin kifin, shekarun sa, da lokacin kamawa.
Hakanan a cikin mackerel akwai bitamin da ma'adinai da yawa:
- rukunin B, musamman ma yawan B12,
- nicotinic acid
- Maganin ascorbic acid
- retinol
- karafarinrol
- Halkwarini,
- folic acid
- biotin.
Yadda ake zaba
A cikin kasashen CIS, an shigo da maskerel daga kasashen waje. Yana da matsala idan aka kawo ƙarshen kifin da sauri kuma a adana shi. Yawancin masu siyarwa suna zuwa gimmicks don sanya gawa mai daskarewa tayi sabo.
Saboda haka, lokacin zabar mackerel, kuna buƙatar kula da waɗannan abubuwan:
- idanu a sarari, ba hadari,
- wari da halayyar, dan kadan zaki, kamshi yana nuna stale kifi,
- gills - ruwan hoda, duhu, launin toka ko launin ruwan kasa suna nuni da kayan ƙwari,
- lokacin da aka matse, gawa ya kamata a daidaita kusan nan take,
- jiki mai tsananin haske ne, mai santsi, ba tare da bin jini da datti ba,
- duffai marasa duhu suna nuna lalacewar gawa.
Mafi kusancin wurin kama shine zuwa kasuwar kamun kifi. Don haka mackerel zai rasa mafi ƙarancin kaddarorin yayin sufuri.
Cin cin mackerel mai kauri zai haifar da maye. Abincin da bai ci nasara ba zai sami zazzabi, amai, gudawa, amai, rashin ruwa, da ciwon kai. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, kumburin Quincke yana tasowa, wanda zai haifar da mutuwa. Sakamakon mai-wuya - ƙarancin abinci a cikin guba na kifi. Koyaya, yana da kyau a sayi sabbin kayayyaki ba haɗarin kiwon lafiya ba.
Yadda ake adana kifi
An shawarci gourmets da kawai ku ci maskerel sabo. Sun dage cewa idan daskararre, yana asarar kayan amfanin sa, bitamin, ma'adanai da amino acid sun lalace.
Amma idan ya cancanta, zaku iya adana gawa mai sanyi tsawon kwanaki biyu. An sanya shi a cikin farantin gilashin mai zurfi, an rufe shi da kankara mai ɓoye kuma an bar shi a cikin ɗakin babban firiji.
Idan akwai buƙatar gaggawa, mackerel ya daskare. Bukatar farko:
- yanke gawa - cire insides, yanke wutsiya da ƙyanƙyallen, a wani zaɓi - cire dagar sannan ka ware kan,
- kurkura a karkashin ruwa mai gudana - an shawarci chefs da su goge gawa kawai da tawul ɗin takarda don kada naman ya sha ruwa,
- bushe sassan,
- saka a cikin akwati ka aika zuwa injin daskarewa.
Zai fi kyau samun kayan cin abinci daga kifi ta hanyar ratsa jiki a baya, ba a ciki ba. A cikin ciki ne mai mai kifi ya tara. Idan aka yi fitsari a ciki, toka zai rasa ruwan shansa.
Hanyar dafa abinci
Mafi kyawun maskerel ga ƙwararrun na dafuwa sabon gawa ne mai kusan kilogiram 0.5. Irin wannan kifin mai matsakaici mai kuma mai daɗi.
Zai fi kyau a ɗauki gawa tare da kai - lokacin da aka yanke shi, ɓangaren ruwan 'ya'yan itace ya ɓace, naman kuma ya zama mai taushi da bushewa.
An cire wani tarko a cikin kifin da za a sakaya shi kuma an cire manyan kasusuwa. Suma suna barin kawunansu don su sanya farantin abin zama mai gani.
A cikin kasashen CIS, mackerel ba kowa bane. Sabili da haka, babu jita-jita na kasa. Amma sun cika a wasu ƙasashe:
- A cikin Latin Amurka, abin da ake kira ceviche an shirya. Wannan kwano ne na ruwan kifi mai ɗanɗano tare da ruwan lemun tsami, barkono da gishiri.
- A Japan, mackerel kuma ana ci da ɗanye. Baya ga ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami, gishiri da barkono, soya miya, wasabi an kara shi, yanka fillet din yana hade da kayan ruwan teku da shinkafa.
- A Italiya, dafa kifi a cikin kwanon rufi. Ya wartsake, ƙusoshin, kai, wutsiya, an cire kayan ciki. An sanya gawa da aka sarrafa a cikin kwanon rufi mai zurfi tare da ƙasan farin ciki. An dandana shi da ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami, Peas na baƙar fata, ganye, ƙara budsanyen fure da unbroken. Zuba mackerel da ruwa domin ya cika nutsar da shi cikin ruwan. Sanya a cikin tanda kuma gasa na rabin sa'a. An saka kifi mai daɗi a kan kwano, an zuba shi da mai zaitun kuma a yi aiki da shi.
- A Faransa, kifi yana soyayyen nama. Sirrin romantics shine biredi. Mackerel yayi aiki da biredi daga namomin kaza, Fennel, zobo, gooseberries.
- Spain ta bambanta kanta ta hanyar jita-jita masu yaji. A nan mackerel an yalwata tare da barkono dayen cayenne da mustard. Gurasa burodi da gasa. Ana amfani da su tare da sherry don ya sauƙaƙa tsananin, saboda abin da ake kiran sa da abinci "maɗaukakiyar macijin".
- A cikin Isra’ila, dafaffen kifin abin ƙyalle. A cikin blender, yankakken nama, yankakken dankali, da albasarta raw. 1ara 1 tbsp. l sitaci, gishiri, caraway tsaba da farin barkono dandana. Cakuda sosai kuɗa shi a cikin kwanon rufi ko gasa a cikin gilashi a cikin tanda na lantarki ko obin na lantarki.
- A Ingila, ana cin gishiri kifi ko kuma a sha.
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don magance mackerel. An dafa shi ko kuma steamed, bayan wannan ana dafa shi da miya mai acidic.Kyakkyawan zaɓi na abinci shine a gasa a cikin tanda gawa, yankakken tare da lemun tsami yanka, albasa albasa, albasa tafarnuwa ko an shafa su da kirim mai tsami.
Kwanan nan Mackerel ya bayyana akan kantuna na gida. Yana da amfani, ya ƙunshi yawancin bitamin da ma'adanai masu yawa. Amfani da shi akai-akai - zaku iya guje wa cututtukan zuciya, tasoshin jini, tsarin jijiyoyin jini, hanyoyin jijiyoyin jini.
Ina aka samo mackerel
Kuna iya haɗuwa da kifi a ƙasashe daban-daban na duniya. Ana samun wakilan wannan nau'in halittar a bakin tekun Afirka, Amurka, Turai, a halin yanzu, babban adadin mutane yana mai da hankali ne, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, a cikin ruwan Tekun Atlantika da Arctic. Hakanan ana samun Mackerel a cikin Tekun Indiya, ana iya gani a cikin Pacific, wani lokacin kuma wasu mutane kan zo ga masunta a Bahar Rum da Tekun Arewa.
Mafi kyawun zafin jiki na ruwa don mackerel shine daga +8 zuwa + 19 digiri. A cikin hunturu, rayuwar marine tana ciyarwa a zurfin kimanin mita 200, a lokacin bazara yakan hau sama kadan, saboda haka mackerel ba zai iya kuma ba zai zauna a cikin tafkuna da koguna ba.
Rayuwa
Mackerel kifi ne mai cin nama, yana da muƙamuƙi mai ƙarfi tare da haƙoran triangular, wanda ke kama abin da ya kama - ƙaramin kifayen da suke zaune kusa da su. Ya fi son mackerel ya zauna a cikin ƙananan garke kusa da coral reefs ko kusa da bakin tekun dutse, inda ta samo abinci don kanta. Waɗannan mutane ba abokai ba ne tare da manyan wakilai na zurfin ruwa - kifin sharks, tuna, da dai sauransu, waɗanda su kansu abincin rana ne mai daɗin ci da daɗi.
Rikicewa a cikin Gidan Mackerel
Kamar mackerel, kamar mackerel kansa, dangin mackerel suna iri ɗaya. Saboda gaskiyar cewa masu amfani da Turanci suna kiran mackerel wanda ya saba wa Slav daidai mackerel, lokacin shigo da su, matsaloli tare da fitarwa suna farawa.
Girman wakilan wannan dangin sun bambanta sosai cikin tsayin daka, wasu lokuta kan kai rakodi da yawa. Amma, ba da la'akari da irin nau'in jinsin ba, har yanzu suna zama magabatanta. Masana ilimin halitta suna da'awar cewa mackerel ya ɗan fi girma fiye da “abokan aiki” waɗanda suke rikitarwa a kai a kai. Siffar ta ƙunshi gawa mai tsotsa, har da jajayoyi masu ƙarfi, inda hakoran masu siffar haƙoran uku suna wurin don ɗaukar ganima. Gasar da ta fi so ita ce tekuna masu ɗumi, inda akwai kananun duwatsu ko murfin murjani.
An zaɓi zaɓuɓɓuka biyu a matsayin zakarun a cikin nauyi a tsakanin wannan nau'in: Mutanen Espanya da taguwar. Yawancin lokaci ana kama su ba kawai a yankin gabar teku na Tekun Indiya ba, har ma a cikin yankin yammacin tekun Pacific. Kada ku yi mamakin matuƙan jiragen ruwan da ke yin kamun kifi a Bahar Rum. Kwantar da hankulan maza sun fito fili musamman saboda hutu na musamman da raunin ciki. Hakanan akwai tallafin Jafananci, wanda, kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, ya fi son ruwan Japan, kuma yana faruwa a cikin ruwa na Koriya da arewacin China. Yawancin lokaci nauyinta baya wuce kilo biyar. Idan kayi nasarar kama wata katuwar, to zaka iya dogara da gawar kusan nisan mita.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa fasalin Mutanen Espanya na sarauta suna da girma, dangane da sunan, a zahiri mafiya girman suna. Mutane daban-daban ba su kai alamar 60 santimita ba. Za a kama shi kusa da kudu ko kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Abincin gargajiya na mafarauta ya dogara ne akan amfanin yau da kullun da ake amfani da suna, watau bakin kifi. Amma idan ba zai yiwu a kama ƙananan yara 'yan kiwo ko wasu abincin al'ada ba, to, samfuran mashaya musamman za su iya farautar duk ƙananan kifaye a jere, waɗanda ke iya kaiwa.
Amma ko da menene iri-iri da mai abincin ya yanke shawarar dafa shi, zai gamsu da sakamakon saboda kyawawan halayen ɗanɗano. Idan kun san yadda za ku dafa irin wannan abincin mai ɗanɗano, ya kamata ku zaɓi sarautar. Suna da farin nama mai laushi, wanda tare da ƙaramin zafin zafi zai faranta maka da babban abun ciki.
Kiwo da kuma bushewar ciki
Ana jefa Caviar cikin rabo, kuma kifaye ne masu yawan gaske. Ciyarwa a cikin waɗannan mutane yana farawa a farkon watan bazara kuma ya ƙare ta tsakiyar bazara, babban ganiyar haifuwa, kamar yadda masana suka ce, yana faruwa ne a cikin watan Mayu.
Don tsalle-tsalle, wakilan wannan dabi'ar suna zaɓar shelves da bangarorin bakin teku. Mackerel yana jefa ƙwai a daidai zurfin, inda yafi zama a cikin hunturu - mita 180-200. A lokaci guda, mace zata iya share ƙwai rabin ƙwai dubu, diamita ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan kwai tayi kamar 1 mm. Kowane kwai ya ƙunshi digon mai, wanda a ƙarancin zafin jiki (har zuwa +13 digiri) yana girma zuwa tsutsa. Tsarin irin wannan cigaba ya dauki tsawon mako guda, a lokacin da tsutsa tsutsa da yawa daga milimita da kuma pecks cikin ruwa.
Soyayen da aka Haifa suna girma cikin sauri. Idan an sanya ƙwai a watan Mayu, to a farkon watan Agusta za su kasance mutane masu tsawon zuwa 5-6 cm, kuma a wata zuwa 12-13 cm. ba manyan kifi ba. Mafi girman ci gaba a cikin waɗannan mazaunan ruwa a cikin lokacin daga haihuwa har zuwa lokacin samartaka. Youngeraramin kifi, da sauri kuma da ƙwazo yana haɓaka shi. Lokacin da jikin jikin mackerel ya kai cm 30-32, haɓakar kowane mutum yana raguwa sosai, yanzu sun girma da kima.
Yadda Ake sanya Mackerel da Dadi
An yi amfani da kifi sosai a dafa abinci, an dafa shi, an dafa shi, a soyayyen, a gasa, a gasa a cikin tanda, an dafa miyar kifi a ciki, ana yin mousses don sandwiches, ana aiki a cikin batter kuma a ƙarƙashin cuku.
Kuna iya dafa maskerel a cikin kwanon rufi, a cikin tanda, kan mai, a cikin kwanon rufi. Zai fi kyau a ɗauki fillet ɗin kifi don dafa abinci, kodayake ƙasusuwa ba ƙarami ba, suna da sauƙin cirewa daga abincin da aka gama.
A cikin shagunan, ana iya ganin mackerel a cikin salted ko kyafaffen nau'i, kuma a cikin waɗannan nau'in samfurin marine yana da dadi sosai.
Babban bayani
Mackerel kifi ne daga dangin mackerel. Mazauna ƙasashe masu magana da Ingilishi suna kiran mackerel mackerel, wannan yakan haifar da rikicewa. Kifin mackerel na iya bambanta sosai a girma - daga santimita 60 zuwa 4.5, amma duk iyalin waɗannan kifayen, komai girman su, na magabatansu ne.
Mackerels sun fi girma girma akan manyan mackerels, suna da jiki mai tsoka da jijiyoyi masu girma tare da manyan haƙoran triangular. Wannan kifin ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin tekuna masu ɗumi kusa da gaɓar dutse da murfin murjani.
Tsire ko mackerel Mutanen Espanya shine mafi girman wakilcin wannan nau'in. Tana zaune a bakin Tekun Indiya, yamma da Tekun Pasifik da kuma Tekun Bahar Rum. Launin mackerel da taguwa ya bambanta da sauran kifayen wannan nau'in ta babban rauni na ratsi da ciki mai sauƙi. Mackerel na Jafananci ya zama ruwan dare a cikin ruwan Japan, Korea, da Arewacin China. Da wuya, nauyinsa ya kai kilo 5, ya kai tsawon mil 1. Sarkin mackerel na Indiya yana zaune kusa da gabar kudu maso gabas da Kudancin Asiya kuma ya girma zuwa santimita 60 kawai.
An sanya kifayen Mackerel a matsayin mai ƙaddara, tunda a cikin yanayin yanayi yakan ciyar da kananzir, yashi, yadin dabbobi, plankton, kifin bakin teku, da sauransu. An bambanta masarautar sarauta ta farin farin nama mai yawan gaske, wanda ke da dumbin dumbin kaddarorin amfani da kuma ɗanɗano mafi kyau.
Menene banbanci tsakanin mackerel da mackerel
Mutane da yawa suna yin tambayar mackerel da mackerel abu ɗaya ne ko a'a. A’a, waɗannan kifayen iri ɗaya ne, amma gaba ɗaya daban-daban ne, duk da cewa suna da kamannu biyu na ciki da na ciki.
Akwai bambance-bambance da yawa a cikin waɗannan kifayen:
- Mackerel yafi girma kuma ya fi tsayi fiye da mackerel.
- Mackerels na bayan suna da bakin duhu ko ma rabe-rabe, yayin da mackerel, a biyun, yana da, don nunawa, launi mai haske a ko'ina cikin bayansa.
- Mackerels idan aka kwatanta da mackerel suna da ƙarancin nama da kitsen mai, kodayake bashi da ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki da abubuwan da ke tattare da shi.
Muna fatan labarinmu yana da amfani a gare ku, kuma yanzu zaku iya amsa tambaya daidai mackerel, wane irin kifi kuma a ina yake zaune, yaya zaka iya siyan wannan kifin a Rasha, yadda yake dandana, da kuma yadda zaka dafa shi.
Kalori Mackerel
Yawan mai mai kitse a cikin mackerel yana sa mutum ya shakkar rage yawan adadin kuzari. Sabili da haka, ana samun saurin amfani da shi a cikin abincin abinci. Amma wannan shine yanayin ilimin mutum, saboda samun mai daga mackerel yana da wuya. Bayan haka, har ma a cikin mafi ƙoshin kifaye za a sami adadin kuzari da yawa fiye da kowane samfuran gari ko hatsi. Don haka a raw mackerel ya ƙunshi kawai 113.4 kcal. Maskerel Mutanen Espanya da aka dafa cikin zafi yana da 158 kcal, ɗaya mai daidai - 139 kcal. Mackerel Raw king yana dauke da kcal 105, kuma dafa shi cikin zafi - 134 kcal.
Ana iya kammala cewa wannan kifin za a iya cinye shi cikin kwanciyar hankali yayin abincin, tunda ba hatsi ɗaya ba zai iya maye gurbin ɗimbin abinci mai gina jiki da suke ciki.
Ickanyen mackerel
Don marinade zaku buƙaci gishiri (cokali 2), ganyen baƙar fata, ganyen 2-3, ganyen shinkafa (1 tablespoon). Ya kamata a cakuda gishiri da kayan ƙanshi tare da ruwan milimita 800 na 800, a kawo tafasa, sanyi, sai a ƙara vinegar. Yanke mackerel kuma sa shi tam a cikin gilashi tare da albasa zobba, ganye, ja barkono da crushed cloves na tafarnuwa, zuba marinade kuma bar dare. Kashegari za ku sami ɗanɗano mai daɗin ci, mai gishiri da gishiri mai laushi.
Kyakkyawan mackerel
Kamar kowane kifi mai mai, mackerel yana da kyau ga shan sigari. Mafi sau da yawa, akan sha da maskerel kuma ana siyar dashi a cikin shagunan, amma ba wuya a dafa shi a gida idan kuna da gidan hayaki. Don yin wannan, kifi an pre-salted a brine, sa'an nan kuma kyafaffen a kan kwakwalwan kwamfuta kwakwalwan kwamfuta. Hanya mafi tsayi ita ce shan taba mai sanyi a zazzabi na 20-25C. Zai ɗauki daga 8 zuwa 12 hours. Shan taba mai zafi a zazzabi na 80-120C ba zai wuce awa ɗaya ba.
Bonito
Pelamida shima dangin mackerel ne kuma yana da nau'ikan hudu:
• Bonito ta Australiya,
• gabas,
• Chilean,
• Atlanta (Sarda sarda).
A kan ƙididdigar Rashanci, galibi kuna iya samun nau'ikan Burtaniya na bonito. An yi hakar ma'adinai a bakin tekun Amurka, Afirka da Turai, har ma a Tekun Baƙi da Bahar Rum. Wannan babban kifi ne mai yanke hukunci. Girman pelamid na tsufa ya kai cm 60-65 a tsayi, nauyi - 3-4 kilogiram.
Wannan kifin ba ya da mashahuri a tsakanin kwararrun masarufi na gida kamar mackerel da mackerel. A lokaci guda, yana da matukar kyau da lafiya. Bonito nama yana da ƙiba kamar na mackerel. An gasa, gasa, a gasa, an ƙara salati da manyan jita.
Tuna
Tuna tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙima da shahararrun wakilan dangin mackerel a duk duniya. Wannan kifin kasuwanci yana da daɗi. Tuna tana da nama mai ja, abin tunawa da bayyanar da tsarin sihiri. Yana da ƙoshin mai da mai girma a cikin furotin.
Ana samun nau'ikan tuna da yawa a cikin tekuna. Wadanda suka fi shahara a cikinsu sune talakawa (jan) tunawa, Atlanti (baƙar fata, baƙar fata), shuɗi, shuɗi, rawaya-rawaya ko farin tunawa, albacore ko farin tuna (wannan nau'in yana da nama mai taushi da ƙima).
Mafi yawan kifayen suna kama da jiragen ruwa na China, Japan, Taiwan, Indonesia da Spain. Kari kan wannan, wani abin tunawa mai inganci ana yinsa ne bisa kan tsibirin a cikin hanyoyin Bahar Rum da Tekun Japan. Juaks steaks, carpaccio da tartare an yi su ne daga tuna.
Yaya za a zabi abin da ya dace?
Da gano irin nau'in kifin, mutane sun fara tunanin yadda za a bambanta shi da abokin adawar na har abada.
Masana sun tunatar da cewa mackerel na hakika ya sha bamban da asalin mackerel tare da wadannan abubuwan:
- farin ciki, wani lokacin tare da launin toka mai launin shuɗi,
- ratsi a cikin dukan jiki,
- manyan masu girma dabam
- m nama.
An yi imani cewa bambancin dandano yana da kyau ana iya lura anan. Amma gourmets fi son ƙara shi zuwa salatin lokacin da mafi yawan lokuta fiye da 'ƙaramin' yar ƙanwa ".
Domin kwanciyar da aka yi ciki tayi nasara, masana sun ba da shawarar zabar wadancan wuraren wadanda har yanzu suke da cikakkun idanu da ruwan hoda. Idan ka danna kan sabbin samfirin, to, hutun da yakamata ya kamata a daidaita kusan nan take.
Kamshin sabo yana da ƙamshin ɗanɗano kaɗan. Amma duk wani wari mai ƙarfi kamar ƙanshi na kifi yana nuna cewa mai siyarwa yana ƙoƙarin ba samfurin wannan rayuwa ta biyu ta amfani da kayan maye. Idan mai siyarwar ba ya ba ku damar jin ƙanshi don siyayya ta gaba, to, zaku iya ɓoye kanku a cikin binciken gani.
Babban sinadari na gaba ya kasance yakamata ya kasance mai laushi da dan kadan. Ayoyin da ke da busasshiyar ƙasa da lalacewa, kwararar jini da sauran alamu ba lallai ne su sami damar zuwa teburin mai amfani ba.
Baya ga sha'awar faranta wa kansu rai tare da abincin da ba a saba ba, dole ne mutane su riƙa tunawa da abin da ake kira mulkin nesa. A nesa da wurin da ake so kama, da ƙarancin abinci mai albarkatun ƙasa. Kuma daga baya, haɗarin haɗari na zama wanda aka azabtar da guba na abinci yana ƙara wannan.
Gawarwakin da ke shan daskarewa da daskarewa sau da yawa sun zama madaidaicin gida don ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban. A cikin 'yan awanni, suna canza amino acid din da suka zama mai guba, suna tsokanar masu amfani da su cikin tashin zuciya, amai, ciwon kai da sauran "jin daɗin" abincin maye. Saboda wannan, abincin ya nace cewa sanin yadda ake dafa kyawawan abubuwa ba ya nufin komai ba tare da ikon zaɓin wanda ya dace ba.
Yankan Ka'idoji
Kafin ka fara dafa abinci mackerel a kowane nau'i, kana buƙatar yanka shi da kyau. Kankuna tare da ƙwarewa galibi zaɓi manyan mutane daga rabin kilogram saboda gawa ta zama mai kitse cikin matsakaici. Amma abubuwanda aka yanke tare da an riga an yanke abun yakamata a watsar dasu gaba daya, musamman idan akayi niyya gishirin aikin gaba. An bayyana wannan yanayin ta hanyar cewa naman ya rasa wasu daga cikin ruwan da aka dafa kuma abincin da aka dafa zai zama mara bushe ko ma daci.
Yawancin shagunan suna ba da fassarar sabo mai sanyi, don yankan wanda ba lallai ne sai an jira cikakken narkarda shi ba. Wajibi ne a bar sayan a cikin kwandon shara don zubar da ruwa mai yawa a cikin ɗan kankanin lokaci. Idan firinji ya ƙare har ƙarshe, to, piecesayan ba zai fito da kyau kuma daidai.
Wani matsanancin matsala shine shakku game da buƙatar wanka a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai gudana. Kwararrun masana abinci tare da gogewa suna goge kayan aikin tare da tawul na takarda maimakon cikakken wanka, in ba haka ba fillet zai juya da sauri.
Bugu da ari, zai bukaci yanke kai da wutsiya, sannan ya yi ainihin abin da ya kamata tare da wuka mai kaifi tare da kashin. An cire kayan ciki ta hanyar ramin sakamako. Ana koyar da wannan sirrin ne a makarantun na dafuwa, yayin da talakawa ke maido da abubuwan ciki ta hanyar a cikin tsohuwar hanyar. Dalilin irin wannan dabara mai zurfi shine yake ɓoye a cikin tara mai mai amfani mai kifi, wanda kawai aka maida hankali a ciki. Idan aka sare akan ciki, to alherin da aka gasa zai rasa yawancin ruwan sa na ciki, sai ya juye gawa zuwa abun hutawa. Haka kuma, ya zama dole don cire insides din har ma a matakin da lokacin siyan bai cire komai ba, sannan kawai cire fim din baki.
Idan an shirya shaƙewa, to, kuna buƙatar cire tudun da sauran ƙasusuwa. Amma dole ne a bar kawunan da wutsiya a wuri, wanda ya ƙare dafin ya fi dacewa da kyau.
Yanayin duniya
Kowace ƙasa tana da girke-girke na kanta tare da mackerel. Musamman maimaita kwalliya yayin da ake ɗanɗano abinci tare da wannan kifin ta hanyar gidajen cin abinci na ƙasashe waɗanda ke da burin kama masana'antu na wannan abincin na teku. Italiyanci sun fi son dafaffen albarkatun ƙasa a cikin kwanon soya mai zurfi, ƙara miya mai laushi, wanda ya ƙunshi ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami, ganyen bay, barkono baƙi, capers.
Sannan sun ƙara ruwa a cikin akwati kusan zuwa saman kuma aika samfurin ƙare da aka gama a cikin tanda na kimanin minti ashirin. Bayan lokacin da aka ƙayyade, an cire gawa daga kwanon, a hankali a shimfiɗa a kan kwano, a yayyafa shi da man zaitun kuma a ci daidai. Faransawa ba ta yi nisa da takwarorinsu na Turai ba, waɗanda suka nuna godiya ga mackerel shekaru ƙarnuka da suka gabata.
Madadin daidaitaccen tsarin kayan ƙanshi, sun fi son farin miya mai laushi, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙari da Fennel da gooseberries.
Approachedasar Ingila ta kusanci tambayar dafa abinci da yawa. Kowane kantin sayar da abinci suna da kifi mai daɗin gishiri ko bambancin kyafaffen murmushi. Kuma Spaniards kamar tasa, wanda aka kira tsoro da ake kira "shaidan mackerel." Ba a ba ta sunanta kawai ba, amma saboda rawar jiki da aka yi da barkono da caleyne da mustard a cikin abun da ke ciki. Bitan haske yana haskaka hoto mai kyau ban da kifin katako da amfani da abincin rana tare da sherry.
Kalori abun ciki da abun da ke ciki
Saboda gaskiyar abin da masoyan kifi suka gabatar suka ba shi mamaki tare da yawan mai mai da yawa, mutane da yawa kan sanya shi a matsayin sansanin abinci mai kalori. Amma a zahiri wannan shine kawai ra'ayi, tunda a cikin karatun dakin gwaje-gwaje ya juya cewa koda mafi yawan nau'ikan kitse ba su wuce kima 158 ba. Wannan alamar tana halayyar gawa wanda aka tsabtace, wanda aka shirya cikin zafi. Idan zamuyi magana game da nau'in Mutanen Espanya a cikin tsararren tsari, to adadi kaɗan ne daga 110 kcal. Lokacin hurawa, kusan zai adana abun cikin kalori na ainihi.
Bayanin da aka karɓa daga masu binciken ya ba da dalilin yin rikodin mackerel a cikin jerin samfuran kayan abinci, wanda 'yan wasa da sauran masu bin tsarin rayuwa suka yaba sosai.
Masana ilimin halitta sun yi gargaɗi cewa ba za ku iya neman madaidaicin kifin kifi ba, saboda yana canzawa gwargwadon mahimman abubuwa uku:
- shekaru
- kama lokaci
- mazauni.
Idan an shigo da kayan ne daga lamuran arewa, ana kama shi a cikin hunturu, to anan zaka iya fatan gaske samfuran mai. Amma dangane da hadaddun bitamin-ma'adinin, dukkan abubuwan suna da alamomi iri ɗaya, suna samarwa: bitamin na ƙungiyar B, C, PP, A, K, H, D, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, chlorine, alli, magnesium, sodium. 300 grams na irin wannan kifin zai zama yanayin yau da kullun na phosphorus, kuma 400 grams zai samar da bukatun yau da kullum na potassium.
Amma koda ban da microelements da aka ambata, akwai wasu da yawa a can, wanda, kodayake kaɗan ne, amma ban da su, aikin gabobin ciki yana lalacewa.
Muna magana ne game da aidin, baƙin ƙarfe, molybdenum, cobalt. Musamman jingina ga goodies ya kamata ya kasance a cikin fall, lokacin da abun ciki na omega-3 mai mai yawa a can kawai ya mirgine kan. Tare da tarawa na yau da kullun na abincin maskerel akan abincin, zai yuwu a aiwatar da rigakafin inganci:
Ba a banza ba ne cewa Jafananci waɗanda suke yin biyayya ga wannan mazaunin tekuna da sauran abincin teku sun shahara saboda tsawon rayuwarsu. Tare da taimakon mai acid, zai iya yiwuwa don adana matasa na jijiyoyin bugun gini, saboda tare da ci gaba da maye gurbin amino acid a matakin salula, zai yuwu a nisantar da hadarin cututtukan jini. Sabuwar jini, Omega-3 shima yana sanya ganuwar jijiyoyin wuya.
Masana kimiyyar kasar Burtaniya a cikin rahoton da suka gabatar kwanan nan sun fitar da bayanai game da karfin man kifin na rage tsufa. Idan ka kara wannan to rage hadarin dake haifar da ciwon sukari na 2, zaka iya samun ingantaccen kayan aiki don amfanin yau da kullun.
Wani makamin sirrin kifin shine bitamin B12, wanda yake mai aiki a cikin metabolism kuma yana inganta rushewar kitse mai tarin yawa. Bayan cire su, ana cire kitse a jiki da gangan, yana tsabtace jiki daga ciki.
Ta hanyar sarrafa kwayar halitta na kwayar halitta na DNA, bitamin yana haifar da sabuntawar jikin. Yana da amfani musamman ga waɗanda ke fama da hypoxia.
Kuma saboda "masu gina kashi" - phosphorus da alli, mai ci zai kula da lafiyar kasusuwan sa. Kwanciyar hankali a kan samfurin yana ga tsofaffi da yara a lokacin girma girma. Bugu da ƙari, kuna iya dogaro kan taimako tare da ciwon haɗin gwiwa. Ma'adanai da ke yin fillet suna da alhakin isar da iskar oxygen na sel na guringuntsi.
Kawai atata na gaske shine kiyaye duk matakan tsabtace jiki yayin ajiya da shiri mai zuwa, don guje wa haɗarin da guba.
Abun ciki da wadatar abinci mai gina jiki
Haɗin mackerel na iya bambanta dangane da shekaru, wurin da lokacin kama. Mackerel da aka kama a cikin hunturu a cikin latitude arewacin shine mafi ƙanƙantar da shi, kuma a wasu halayen mai zai iya zama ƙasa da sau biyu. Naman Mackerel yana da wadatar arziki a cikin abubuwan ƙira da na macro, bitamin.
Haɗin wannan kifin ya ƙunshi kusan dukkanin bitamin daga rukunin B, gami da B12, bitamin C, D, PP, dan kadan ƙasa da bitamin A, K, N. Hakanan ya haɗa da macroelements: sulfur, chlorine, phosphorus, potassium, alli, sodium, magnesium . 300 giram na maskerel yana ƙunshe da buƙatun yau da kullun na phosphorus, kuma 400 grams zai cika mahimmancin ci a cikin potassium.
Abun da aka gano a cikin wannan samfur ɗin ba ƙasa da komai ba. Mackerel ya ƙunshi: zinc, baƙin ƙarfe, aidin, manganese, jan ƙarfe, fluorine, a cikin adadi kaɗan - nickel, mobile, chromium da cobalt.
Asalin gani da kwatancin
Mackerel (Scomberomorus) wakilin aji ne na mackerel. Wannan rukunin yana da nau'ikan kifaye sama da 50. Daga cikin su akwai shahararrun tuna, duniya, mackerel, mackerel. Dukkan kifaye suna cikin ajin rediyo. Ana samun wakilan sa a duk faɗin duniya, kuma ƙungiyar kanta ana ɗauka mafi yawa dangane da tsarin jigon yara da nau'in halittu.
Bidiyo: Mackerel
Tsarin jinsunan mackerel suna cikin takamaiman tsarar halittar Scomberomorus:
- Ostiraliya (watsa labarai). Ana samunsa a wuraren da koguna ke gudana cikin teku. Babban mazaunin shine jikkunan ruwa na Tekun Indiya,
- Queensleys. Habitat - Ruwan zafi na Tekun Indiya da tsakiyar da kuma kudu maso yamma da Pacific,
- Malagasy (Multiband). Tana zaune a kudu maso gabashin Tekun Atlantika, da kuma a yammacin ruwan Tekun Indiya,
- Jafananci (cike da hange). Irin wannan kifin na zaune ne musamman a arewa maso yamma da Pacific,
- Ostiraliya (wanda aka gani). Ana samo shi a cikin gabashin ruwan Tekun Indiya, da kuma sassan yamma na Tekun Pacific,
- Papuan. Tana zaune a tsakiyar ruwan yamma - tekun Pacific,
- Harshen Spanish Ana samo ta a cikin Tekun Atlantika (gundumar ta ta arewa da tsakiyar yamma),
- Yaren Koriya Ana samo shi a cikin Indiya da Pacific (ruwan arewa maso yamma) teku,
- dogon tsiri. Mazaunin Tekun Indiya, da kuma tsakiyar ruwan yamma-da ke gabar Tekun Bahar Rum,
- hange Bonito. Habitat - Arewa maso Yammacin tekun Pacific, Tekun Indiya,
- launi ɗaya (California). Ana samo shi ne kawai a tsakiyar yankin gabas ta yamma na Tekun Pacific,
- tagar sarauta. Gidajen ruwan shine ruwan yamma na tekun Pacific, da kuma sassan wurare masu zafi na Tekun Indiya,
- sarauta. An samo shi cikin ruwan Tekun Atlantika,
- Harshen Brazil Hakanan ana samun shi a cikin Tekun Atlantika.
Kifi ya bambanta ba kawai a cikin mazauninsu (teku) ba, har ma da zurfi. Misali, matsakaicin zurfin da aka samo mackerel na Mutanen Espanya bai wuce mita 35-40 ba. A wannan yanayin, ana samun daidaikun mutane na Malagai a nisan mil 200 daga saman ruwan. A waje, duk mackerel suna kama da juna. Bambanci mai sauƙi a cikin girma yana da alaƙa da mazauninsu.
Bayyanar fasali da fasali
Hoto: Yaya ma'anar mackerel take?
Duk da haka tunanin cewa mackerel da mackerel sunyi kama da juna? Wannan ba daidai bane.
Abubuwan da ke banbanta mutane na mackerel sune:
- girma. Kifi sun fi girma a cikin abokan karatun su. Jikinsu yana da tsawo kuma ya bambanta da siffar fusiform. Wutsiya na bakin ciki
- kai. Ba kamar mackerel ba, mackerel yana da gajeru da kaifi,
- muƙamuƙi. Mackerel - masu riƙe da muƙamuƙi masu ƙarfi. Yanayi ya ba su haƙoran manya da manyan hakora, saboda kifin da farauta,
- launi. Babban fasalin makrelevidnyh - gaban aibobi. A lokaci guda, tsayin manyan tsummokin ya fi na mackerels. Jikin kanta yana kwantar da launin shuɗi-kore.
Wakilan wannan aji na iya kaiwa zuwa tsawon santimita 60 (har ma fiye da). Waɗannan kifaye sun yi ƙiba.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Matasa macrai sun fi mackerels yawa. Koyaya, masunta basu kama su ba. Wannan shi ne saboda isasshen yawan jinsunan - babu buƙatar kama har yanzu zuriyar youngan.
Har ila yau, Mackerel yana da ƙege biyu na jikin mutum, da kuma ƙananan ƙyallen a jikin sa. Fushin ventral suna zaune kusa da kirji. Wutsiya tana da fadi, tana da tsari bayyananne. Sikalin wakilan mackerel ƙanana ne kuma kusan ba a ganuwa. Yawan sikeli ya ninka zuwa kai. Babban fasalin waɗannan kifin shine ƙarar ƙashi a idanun (halayyar duk membobin aji).
Ina mackerel yake zaune?
Hoto: Kifi Mackerel
Mazaunin jinsunan mackerel sun bambanta sosai.
Akwai kifi a cikin ruwa:
- Tekun Indiya ita ce teku ta uku mafi girma a duniya. Washes Asia, Afirka, Australia, da kuma kan iyaka Antarctica. A lokaci guda, ana samun mackerel a cikin ruwan Australia da Asiya kawai. A nan tana zaune a zurfin mita 100,
- Tekun Pacific ita ce teku ta farko a girma, tana yaɗa ruwayenta tsakanin Australia, Eurasia, Antarctica da Amurka (Arewa da Kudu). Ana samun mackerels a yamma, kudu maso yamma, arewa maso yamma, sassan gabashin teku. Matsakaicin zurfin a cikin wadannan yankuna shine mita 150,
- Tekun Atlantika ita ce jiki na biyu mafi girma na ruwa a duniya. Tana tsakanin Spain, Afirka, Turai, Greenland, Antarctica, Amurka (Arewa da Kudu). Don rayayye mackerel, an zaɓi ɓangarorin yamma, arewa-maso, kudu maso gabas.Kusan nesa daga farfajiyar ruwan zuwa mazaunin kifi shine mita 200.
Wakilan aji Scomberomorus suna jin daɗi cikin yanayi mai zafi, wurare masu zafi, ruwa mai lalatattun ruwa. Ba sa son raye-rayen sanyi, wanda shine dalilin da yasa wannan mazaunin yake. Kuna iya haɗuwa da mackerel kusa da tsibirin St. Helena, bakin tekun Amurka, a cikin Tekun Pasha, yankin Suez kuma ba kawai ba. Kowane yanki yana da nau'ikansa.
Yanzu kun san inda aka samo mackerel. Bari mu ga abin da kifin da yake cinyewa yake ci.
Me mackerel yake ci?
Hoto: Royal Mackerel
Dukkan wakilai na aji na mackerel sune mazan jiya. Godiya ga ruwa mai kyau na manyan tekuna, kifin bai isa ya kwana da yunwar ba. Abincin nasu ya sha bamban.
Haka kuma, manyan kayan aikin sune:
- sandar yashi ƙananan kifaye ne masu tsinkaye na cutar kuraje. A waje yayi kama da na macizai. Sukan ɓoye rabin a cikin yashi, suna ɓatar da kansu azaman algae. Suna dauke da sauki ganima ga mackerel, kamar yadda galibin lokutansu, ana binne kifayen, wanda ke nufin ba su da ikon hanzarta ɓoyewa daga maharma,
- cefalopods - wakilan mollusks wadanda aka san su da alamun biyu tare da adadi mai yawa (8-10) na alfarwar da ke gefen kai. Wannan groungiyoyin ya ƙunshi octopuse, cuttlefish, squid na nau'ikan iri. Haka kuma, ba duk mollusks aka haɗasu a cikin abincin maskerel ba, amma ƙananan ƙananan su,
- crustaceans - dabbobi arthropod da aka rufe da harsashi. Shrimp da crayfish sune “maskerel” mafi kyau na mackerel. Suna ciyar da kifi da sauran membobin aji,
- kifin bakin teku - kifin da ke rayuwa a sassan gabar teku. An ba da fifiko ga Mackerel ga nau'in-herring-like, wanda kuma an haɗa shi a aji-ray, da kuma sauran mutane.
Mackerels baya cika ka'idodin abinci na musamman. Abinda kawai suke nunawa a wannan batun shine kusan ƙin yarda da abinci a cikin hunturu. Kifayen suna da isasshen ajiyar da suke samarwa kansu da kansu a cikin watannin ƙuna. A cikin hunturu, wakilan mackerel, bisa manufa, suna motsa kadan kuma suna jagorantar rayuwa mai ƙima. Mackerel shoals farauta. An haɗu da su cikin manyan rukuni, suna samar da nau'i na masasshen dutse, wanda zasu fitar da ƙananan kifi. Bayan an kama wanda aka kashe, jamb din gaba daya yana farawa zuwa saman ruwa, inda tsarin cin abinci da kansa yake faruwa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Mackerels suna da amana har suna hango yiwuwar farauta a cikin komai. Saboda wannan, zaku iya kama su a wasu yankuna akan ƙugiya mara komai.
Saboda haka, ana ciyar da dukkan mackerel. Kuna iya ganin wurin "abincin rana" na mackerel daga nesa. Dolphins sau da yawa suna iyo a kusa da makaranta da ke fama da yunwa kuma bakin tekuna suna tashi.
Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa
Hoto: Blue Mackerel
Mackerel - wani sananniyar kifi ne da aka samo a yawancin sassan ruwa na farko mafi girma. Suna iyo a cikin tekuna (gami da Bakar fata). Ana samun su ba kawai zurfin zurfafa ba, har ma a kusancin zuwa gaɓar teku. Masunta da yawa ne ke amfani da wannan a sahun kamun kifi. Dukkan wakilan mackerel sune kifaye masu ƙaura. Sun fi son zama a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi (daga digiri 8 zuwa 20). Dangane da wannan, akwai bukatar canza yanayin zama.
Wannan baya amfani ga daidaikun mutane dake zaune a cikin tekun na Tekun Indiya. Zazzabi ruwa a nan ya dace don amfani shekara-shekara. Lokacin hunturu mackere ta Atlantika a cikin Tekun Bahar fata, da kuma cikin ruwan tekun Turai. A lokaci guda, mackerel kusan ba ya kasance a kan tekun Turkiyya na hunturu. A lokacin hunturu, kifi suna da mutuƙar wuce gona da iri kuma suna nuna halayyar ciyarwa. A zahiri basu ciyar da zama ba galibi akan ramuka na shelf na nahiyar. A cikin “ƙasa ta ƙasa” sun fara dawowa da dawowar bazara.
A cikin watanni masu zafi, wakilan aji Scomberomorus suna da aiki sosai. Basu zauna a kasan ba. Mackerel ƙwararrun masu iyo ne kuma suna jin kwarin gwiwa a cikin yanayin ruwa. Babban fasalin su a cikin motsa jiki shine yawo da gujewa iska. Saurin kwanciyar hankali na kifi shine kilomita 20-30 a awa daya. A lokaci guda, lokacin kama kifi, kifin zai iya kaiwa kimanin kilomita 80 a kowace awa a cikin sakan 2 kawai (lokacin yin jifa). Wataƙila wannan shi ne saboda kasancewar ƙwallon ƙafa mai yawa na girma dabam.
An sami saurin motsi da sauri saboda rashin mafitsara a ruwa da kuma tsarin halittar jiki na musamman. Yi ƙoƙarin kasancewa a cikin kifi a makarantu. Wannan ya faru ne saboda yawan masu farautar farautar su. Bugu da kari, ya fi sauki a gama garken. Mackerels suna rayuwa da wuya a kashin kansu.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hoto: Kifi Mackerel
Ikon samar da zuriya yana bayyana a mackerel ne kawai a shekara ta biyu na rayuwa. Ciyarwa suna faruwa kowace shekara. Zai yuwu har kifin sun tsufa (shekaru 18-20).
Lokacin karewar ya dogara da shekarun mackerel:
- matasa kifi - ƙarshen Yuni ko farkon Yuli,
- mutane masu balaga - tsakiyar lokacin bazara (bayan dawowa daga lokacin hunturu).
Caviar ya koro mackerel da keɓaɓɓe a sassan rafin. Wannan tsari yana faruwa a cikin lokacin bazara-damina. Kifi suna da yawan gaske kuma suna iya barin kusan rabin miliyan ƙwai. Suna jefa su a cikin zurfin zurfin (mita 150-200). Da farko diamita na qwai ba ya wuce millimita. Ganyen mai, wanda aka bai wa kowace ƙwaya, a matsayin abinci ne ga sabon zuriya. Na farko larvae bayyana riga 3-4 days bayan spawning. Samuwar soya yana ɗaukar makonni 1 zuwa 3. Lokacin halittar kifi ya dogara da mazauninsu, yanayin kwanciyar hankali.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: A kan aiwatar da samuwar su, ƙwayoyin mackerel sun sami damar cinye juna. Wannan ya faru ne saboda babban matakin tashin hankali da karnukansu.
Sakamakon soya suna ƙanana kaɗan. Tsawonsu bai wuce 'yan santimita ba. Matasa mackerel kusan kusan garken tare.Sabbin mackerel suna girma da sauri. A cikin 'yan watanni (a lokacin kaka) suna wakiltar manyan kifaye masu tsini kusan santimita 30. Lokacin da aka kai irin waɗannan girma, an rage girman girma na mackerel mackerel.
Abokan gaban mackerel
Hoto: Yaya ma'anar mackerel take?
A cikin yanayin halitta, mackerel yana da isassun makiya. Farautar kifin mai mai sune:
- Whales dabbobi ne masu shayarwa wadanda ke rayuwa a cikin ruwa bisa ruwa. Saboda yawan jiki da tsarin jikinsu, 'yan cetaceans sun iya haɗiye ƙungiyoyi har ma da garkunan mackerels lokaci guda. Duk da karfin da suke da shi na motsawa da sauri, wakilan mackerel da wuya su iya ɓoyewa daga kifayen kifi,
- kifayen kifayen dolphins. Abin mamaki shine, ba kawai mummunan wakilan jiragen ruwa na teku ba, har ma da “marasa lahani” dabbobin ruwa farauta mackerels. Duk nau'ikan kifayen biyu suna aiwatar da farautarsu a tsakiyar ruwa yadade kuma a bisa ruwa. Ba a neman ci gaban maskerel swarms. Dolphins da sharks sun sami kansu a cikin yanki na tara tarin mackerel ta hanyar daidaituwa,
- pelicans da seagulls. Tsuntsayen suna cin abinci tare da mackerel kawai a yanayi guda - lokacin da kansu suka tashi don cin abincin rana zuwa saman ruwa. Mackerels na tsalle don ganima sau da yawa yakan kai shi ga hannun dabbobin da ke tafe ko kuma bakin kwaro da gulls da ke yawo,
- zakoki. Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da hankali sosai. Suna buƙatar kama kimanin kilo 20 na kifi a cikin kamun kifi guda ɗaya don cin abinci mai yawa. Don cin abincin dare, mackerels sun fi dacewa da motsawa ta hanyar sararin ruwa a makarantu.
Bugu da kari, babban makiyi na dukkan mackerel mutum ne. A duk faɗin duniya, akwai kama mutane na wannan nau'in don ƙarin siyarwarsu. Kifi na kifi ya shahara saboda halaye masu kyau da dandano. Ana farautar kifi tun daga farkon bazara har zuwa lokacin sanyi. Suna kama mackerel duka a kan matattarar kamun kifi da kuma a raga. Samun shekara-shekara na mutane na mackerel a bakin tekun Turai kimanin ton 55 ne. Wannan nau'in kifin ana ɗaukar kasuwanci ne. Ana ba da mackerels zuwa shagunan da aka yi (kyafaffen / salted) da kuma cakuda.
Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu
Mackerel wani nau'in mackerel ne na kowa wanda ke rayuwa a cikin tekun uku. Yawancin mutane ba sa fuskantar raguwa a yawan su. Samun galibin kifi ne. Babban adadin soya yana rufe iyayen da aka kama. A cikin yanayin halitta, kifi yana rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 20. Sun yi tawaya tsawon rayuwa (daga shekaru biyu). Duk da wannan, a cikin kasashe da yawa don dalilai na prophylactic an hana yawan kamun kifin nan. A lokaci guda, amai daga bakin tekun ko jirgin ruwa / yacht yana da matuƙar wuya.
Kawai wasu nau'in nau'in mackerel sun sami raguwa na iyawa. Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan shine mackerel California (ko a sarari). Saboda tsananin kamun kifi da lalacewar muhalli, yawan wakilan wannan rukunin ya ragu sosai da sauran. Dangane da wannan, jinsin an sanya matsayin "Mai cutarwa". Koyaya, wannan kifin ba a jera shi ba a cikin Littafin Layi. Masarautar masarautar ba ta zama mai sa'a ba, yawan jama'arta wanda ya ragu a cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata, saboda yawan masu kiwo da sha'awar masunta don kama babban kifi. Sakamakon raguwar adadin mutanen wannan nau'in a kasashe da yawa an haramta kamo su. Wakilan masarauta suna karkashin kulawa ta musamman ta likitocin dabbobi.
Mackerel 'Yan'uwan mackerel ne, kamarsu da wasu sifofi kawai. Waɗannan kifayen suna kuma kama da tarko, amma koyaushe ba sa iya rufe asara da sabon zuriya. A yanzu haka, an riga an rage yawan jama'arsu, wanda ke nuna bukatar tsauraran iko da hana su kama wadannan mutane a duk yankuna na mazauninsu. Koyaya, gabatarwar irin waɗannan matakan bazai daɗewa ba, saboda mackerel bangare ne na kamun kifi. Suna da daraja sosai a cikin kasuwanni don amfaninsu da dandano mai amfani.
Warkewa da amfani kaddarorin
Mackerel yana da amfani sosai, musamman idan an kama shi a cikin faɗuwa. Tunda ya ƙunshi mafi kitse kuma, a sakamakon haka, ƙarin mayukan Omega-3 da ƙwararrun bitamin B12, D. Yawancin karatu sun yi fiye da sau ɗaya tabbatar da fa'idar amfani da cin kifin mai a jiki. Arthritis, cututtukan zuciya, ciwon sukari, ciwon daji, psoriasis, mashako galibi suna da alaƙa da rashin ɗanyen kifi a jiki. An sani cewa Jafananci, waɗanda ke cin kayan kifaye da yawa, suna da tsawon rai.
Babban amfani da kuma warkad da kaddarorin mackerel sune:
- Adana samarin samari. Bayan haka, yawan adadin amino acid a cikin sel, mafi karancin yiwuwar zubar jini. Man kifi da ke cikin mackerel yana da wani aiki mai kama da asfirin - yana narke jini. Omega-3 acid suna dawo da elasticity na ganuwar arteries.
- Saurin rage tsufa. Binciken da aka yi a Burtaniya ya gano cewa yawan amfani da mackerel da sauran kifaye mai yana da tasiri mai amfani ga lafiyar yara da mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan zuciya.
- Yana hana ci gaban ciwon sukari. Cin abinci na yau da kullun yana rage haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan type 2 sau da yawa, wanda masana kimiyya na Dutch suka yi nazari.
Abu mai mahimmanci, yana ƙunshe a cikin mackerel, da bitamin B12. Yana da amfani sosai ga lafiyar, saboda yana ɗaukar kashi a cikin metabolism da rushewar mai, a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar da suka dace, har da cirewa daga jiki. Kasancewar wannan bitamin yana ba da damar sanya kitse a cikin nama kawai a cikin adadin da ake bukata kuma kar a tara su. Vitamin B12 yana haɓaka aikin kwayar halittar DNA a sel, kuma wannan, bi da bi, yana ba da gudummawa ga farfadowa da sabuntawar jiki. Tare da hypoxia, wannan bitamin yana iya ƙara yawan amfani da oxygen ta sel.
Phosphorus, wanda ke ƙunshe da adadi mai yawa a cikin mackerel, yana taimakawa gina enzymes, waɗanda sune mahimman injuna na halayen sel. Skeleton nama shima ya ƙunshi sinadarin phosphate kai tsaye - wannan shine dalilin da ya sa mackerel yana da amfani sosai ga yara, matasa, har da tsofaffi.
Mackerel yana da amfani sosai ga matsalolin haɗin gwiwa. Ma'adanai waɗanda suke da wadata suna da gudummawa ba wai kawai don abinci na guringuntsi da ƙwayoyin ƙasusuwa tare da isashshen oxygen ba, har ma da haɓaka ƙwayar guringuntsi.
Babban abun ciki na selenium da coenzyme Q-10 a mackerel, na iya rage tsufa.
A dafa abinci
Mackerel an shirya ta hanyoyi da yawa, an dafa shi, an sha, an soya ko ma a gasa a kan gawayi. Kayan abinci na mackerel na gargajiya a cikin Isra'ila shine mackerel casserole. Don dafa shi, kuna buƙatar yanke zuwa kananan guda na fillet, ƙara karamin albasa, teaspoon na gishiri, farin barkono, cumin ƙasa, matsakaici mai girman dankalin turawa da matsakaici na tablespoon sitaci. Duk abubuwan da aka gyara dole ne a haɗe su ta amfani da blender, sannan a soya a cikin kwanon rufi a kan matsakaici Ku bauta wa kashin tare da dankalin da aka dafa ko tare da salatin kore.
Don dafa maskin sarauta, an daɗa shi da gishiri, yankakken tafarnuwa, barkono, man zaitun. Sannan, bayan an rufe kifin gaba ɗaya tare da lemun tsami, ana dafa shi a gasa a tsare. Za a haɗa wannan tasa da bushewar giya.
A cikin ilimin kwantar da hankali
Ba a amfani da Mackerel kai tsaye a cikin maganin cosmetology, amma yin amfani da shi na yau da kullun a cikin abinci yana da tasirin gaske kan lafiyar gashi, ƙashi da ƙusoshin. Duk saboda gaskiyar cewa tana da wadatar gaske a cikin phosphorus da potassium. Phosphorus ba a cikin jikin ɗan adam ya shiga ba kawai tare da abinci, kuma ba duk samfuran abinci ba, wanda bai shafi mackerel ba, ya sami damar samar da yanayin yau da kullun na wannan macrocell.
M Properties na mackerel
Wani amfani mai amfani shine cin kifi sama da sau uku a mako. Kifi mai saurin wucewa na iya haɓaka zub da jini, rage rigakafi. Tabbatar ka mai da hankali yayin cinye mackerel tare da magungunan anticoagulants ko wani magani mai jan jini.
An yi imani da cewa mackerel da suka girma kawai suna cikin koshin lafiya.
Kusan kowa na iya cin mackerel ɗin da aka dafa, kuma mutane masu cutar cututtukan hanji da na jijiyoyi ba za su iya shan sigari da gishiri ba.
Mackerel mai yawan kitse ba bu mai kyau amfani dashi gaban matsaloli tare da hanta da kodan.
Yadda ake kamawa, adanawa da shan taba sigari, kuma zaka sami ƙarin bayani game da yadda zaka dafa shi daɗin kwalliya daga bidiyon da aka gabatar.