(lat. Phoenicopterus ) Shin asalin halittar tsuntsaye ne masu dogon kafafu, wanda shine kawai wakilin umarnin Flamingoids da dangin Flamingo. Flamingos ba zai iya rikita shi tare da kowane tsuntsu ba saboda yanayin jikin jikinsa da kuma launi mai kyau na rushewar jikinsa. Waɗannan su ne manyan tsuntsayen (tsayi 120-145 cm, nauyi 2100-4100 g, fuka-fuki 149-165 cm), tare da mace ƙasa da maza da gajeru. Shugaban ƙwanƙolin ƙaramin abu ne, baki yana da yawa kuma a tsakiyar sashi ya yi tsayi (gwiwoyi) yana durƙusa. Ba kamar yawancin tsuntsaye ba, a cikin harshen wuta, sashi mai motsi na baya shine ƙananan maimakon na sama. A gefunan baki da baki akwai ƙananan fararen faranti da haƙoran da ke samar da kayan aikin. Kafafuwan harshen wuta suna da tsawo, yatsun kafa huɗu a ƙafafunsu, tare da kafafan gaba uku da ke huɗar iyo. Misalin wadannan tsuntsayen sako-sako ne kuma mai laushi. Launin launin shuwalin launuka daban-daban na harshen wuta daga launin shuɗi zuwa launin ja mai ƙarfi, ƙarshen fikafikan baƙi ne. Ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda da jan launin toka ya kasance ne sakamakon kasancewar ƙyallen launuka iri-iri masu kama da rukunin carotenoid. Wadannan tsuntsaye ana samo su ta hanyar abinci, daga crustaceans daban-daban. A cikin bauta, bayan shekaru 1-2, launin ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda yawanci yakan ɓace saboda abinci iri ɗaya. Amma idan kun ƙara musamman carotenoids da ke cikin karas da beets zuwa ƙanƙan wuta, launin tsuntsaye koyaushe ya kasance cikakke. Tsuntsayen matasa suna da launin toka-launin ruwan kasa, suna sanya sutura ne kawai a shekara ta uku ta rayuwa.
Batun rarrabewa da ƙabilu na tsawon shekaru ya zama batun jayayya tsakanin kwararru. Flamingos suna da halaye gama gari tare da gungun tsuntsaye daban-daban, kuma har yanzu ba a san wacce kungiyace take da ita ba. Anatomically, suna kama da storks, kuma halayen halaye sun fi kama da ruwa mai ruwa, kamar geese.
Flamingo daga Murat
Har zuwa kwanan nan, an sanya flamingos zuwa ga umarnin Ciconiiformes, duk da haka, masana kimiyya sun yanke shawara cewa ya kamata a sanya harshen wuta a cikin keɓance na daban - Flamingos (Latin Phoenicopteriformes).
M Saukar da Deepak Pawar
Har yanzu ana tattaunawa game da yawan nau'in halittu, amma yawancin masu ba da agaji sun rarraba dangin da ke yawo a cikin jinsuna shida:
- Zamani na yau da kullun - yana zaune a Afirka, kudanci Turai da kudu maso yamma Asia.
- Ja mai wuta - yana zaune a yankin Caribbean, arewacin Kudancin Amurka, Yucatan Peninsula da Galapagos tsibirin.
- Harshen Chilean na wasan wuta - wanda aka samo a cikin yankin kudu maso yamma na Kudancin Amurka.
- Flaman ƙaramar wuta - An samo shi a kan yankin Afirka, a arewa maso yammacin India da kuma gabashin gabashin Pakistan.
- Andean harshen wuta da Sunayen Flamingo - zauna a Chile, Peru, Bolivia da Argentina.
Flamingo Dance by Graham Richard
Mafi girma daga cikin jinsunan shine Ordinary flamingo, girmanta ya tashi daga mita 1.2 zuwa 1.5, nauyi - har zuwa kilogiram 3.5. Smallestarancin mafi ƙarancin shine Fan Flamingo, wanda girmansa ya kai cm 80 kuma nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 2.5.
Pink Flamingos daga PRASIT CHANSAREEKORN
Flamingos ya kasance daga ɗayan tsohuwar iyalan tsuntsaye. Ragowar burbushin halittun, mafi kusancin nau'ikan zamani, sunada shekaru miliyan 30 da suka shude, kuma burbushin da aka samo a cikin tsinkayen jinsunan sun fi shekaru miliyan 50 da haihuwa.
Flamingo daga Roie Galitz
An gano burbushin a wuraren da a yau ba ku iya ganin harshen wuta - wasu yankuna na Turai, Arewacin Amurka da Ostiraliya. Wannan yana nuna cewa a baya suna da mazauninsu da yawa.
"Samfura" daga Gorazd Golob
An raba nau'ikan Flaming guda shida zuwa rukuni biyu dangane da girman da siffar gemunsa.Akan kwanon na sama na Farko, Red da Chilean fitila ya yadu cikin faranti wanda ya ba su damar ciyar da kananzir, ƙwarjamau, kwari, shuka shuka da ƙananan kifi.
"Pink" ta Murat
Tsuntsaye daga rukuni na biyu - Andean, erarami, da kuma Yakubu Flaingos - an iyakance su a cikin abinci saboda tazara mai nisa tsakanin faranti na baki. Waɗannan nau'ikan masu amfani da harshen wuta suna da ikon cin abinci masu ƙanana kaɗan (musamman, algae da plankton), suna tacewa.
"Flamingo Bathing" Daga Koda Liu
Godiya ga abinci na musamman mai wadataccen mai da ke cikin carotenes, yawan fitsarin wuta ya zama ruwan hoda. All harshen wuta, ban da na arewaci, yan iska ne. Don yin kajin, ciyawar wuta tana jira lokacin damina. Ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya ne kawai ba ya samar musu da abinci da kayan gini don gida ba, har ma yana kare su daga mafarauta. Tushen ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda yana dauke da kananan crustacean jajayen fata da kuma qwai. Bugu da kari, masu amfani da fulawa a jikin wasu nau'ikan crustaceans, har da mollus, kwari larvae, da tsutsotsi. Wasu nau'in suna cin shuɗi-kore da diatoms. Suna neman abinci a yankuna marassa tushe. Bayan sun yi nisa cikin ruwa, tare da kafafunsu na sama, masu harshen wuta suna saukar da kawunansu a karkashin ruwa kuma suna tono begunansu a kasan tafkin. A lokaci guda, kambi na tsuntsu kusan ya taɓa zuwa kasan, muƙamuƙin sama yana ƙasa, ƙasan kuma yana samansa. Suna shan fulawa a cikin ruwa da kuma ruwa mai tsafta a lokacin ruwan sama, suna jigilar ruwan da ke gudana a ruɓa.
“Alherin Flamingos” daga Murat
A cikin manyan mazugi masu siffa daga dutsen harsashi, murɗa da laka mai ƙonewa, ɗayan (da wuya biyu ko uku) manyan ƙwai ana yanyanka. Bayan watanni biyu da rabi, kajin sun girma suka fara tashi da kansu, bayan shekara uku kuma za su iya samun zuriyarsu. Flamingos gida a cikin manyan mazauna na kusan 20,000 nau'i-nau'i (a Indiya - har zuwa 2,000,000 nau'i-nau'i). Gida wani yanki mai ruɗaɗɗen ruɓaɓɓiyar ruɓi da ƙira. A cikin maƙarƙashiya akwai ƙwai 1-2 waɗanda namiji da mace ke ɗauka don kwanaki 27-32, duk iyayen sun kuma kula da zuriyarsu. Kayan kyankyasai suna kyankyashe ƙasa, a kan gani kuma da baki na kai tsaye. Har tsawon watanni biyu, iyaye suna ciyar da su da “burp”, wanda, baya ga abincin da ke narkewa, ya ƙunshi secretion na glandar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da na huhu. Wannan ruwa yana daidai da darajar abinci zuwa madara mai shayarwa; haske ne mai ruwan hoda mai launi saboda kasancewar carotenoids a ciki. Kajin suna barin gida 'yan kwanaki bayan kyankyasar kuma a kusan wata daya da haihuwa suka canza suturar ta farko zuwa ta biyu. Wadanda suka bar ba tare da iyayensu ba, kajin da suka riga sun bar gida, sun yi yawo cikin manyan kungiyoyi (har zuwa kajin 200) kuma suna karkashin kulawar da yawa daga cikin “malamai masu kan gado” wadanda suka rage a wurin. Matasa sun sami ikon tashi a rana ta 65-75th na rayuwa, a daidai wannan lokacin ne suka samar da na'urar tantancewa.
Flamingo daga Faisal AL-Shahrani
Flamingos suna da yawa, sun samar da nau'i-nau'i don akalla fewan shekaru. A kan tsuntsaye nesting kare kawai da gida kanta. A cikin daji, a bayyane yake, suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 30, kuma suna cikin fursuna ko daɗewa (har zuwa shekaru 40).
Kyakkyawa mai kyau ta Adrian Tavano
A wasu lokutan ana kiran 'Flamingos' 'tsuntsu na wuta' ', saboda wasu suna da rudani mai haske sosai. Wasu lokuta ana kiran harshen wuta "tsuntsu sanyin safiya", saboda a cikin sauran nau'in tsintsiya ruwan hoda mai laushi mai laushi. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da doguwar wuya da kafafu, kuma, kamar yadda Farfesa N. A. Gladkov ya rubuta, “da yake magana game da girman dangi, ana iya daukar fagen wuta a matsayin tsuntsu mafi dadewa a duniya.” Akwai labarai da yawa masu ban sha'awa game da wasan wuta. Misali, daya daga cikinsu ya fada cewa da zarar macizai na ruwa suka yanke hukuncin cire kawunansu daga harshen wuta. Amma tsuntsayen ba su ba kawunansu ga macizai. Sai macizai suka fara azabtar da tsuntsaye - suka fara cizon kafafunsu, a hankali suna tashi sama da girma. Amma tsuntsaye sun yi haƙuri kuma ba su tsaya a cikin ruwa ba har sai kaji na girma. Kajin, kamar an san abin da ke faruwa, “sun yi ƙoƙari” su yi sauri.Abin sha'awa ne cewa a cikin wannan tatsuniyar, hakika, babu abin da ya shafi launi na ƙafafu na ƙwallon wuta, an lura da cikakkun bayanai na gaske: kajin flaman wasan an haife su marasa taimako, amma ba da daɗewa ba, bayan kwana biyu zuwa uku, sun sami 'yanci sosai.
Sunan Rasha - Pink (talakawa) harshen wuta
Sunan Latin - Phoenicopterus fureus
Sunan Turanci - Babban wasan wuta
Class - Tsuntsaye (Aves)
Kamewa - Flamingo (Phoenicopteriformes)
Iyali - Flaming (Phoenicopteridae)
Kyau - Flamingos (Phoenicopterus)
Har zuwa kwanan nan, ana daukar launin ruwan hoda da jan launin fenti iri ɗaya; a halin yanzu, an rarrabe su a matsayin jinsin masu zaman kansu.
Matsayin Kariya
A halin yanzu, barazanar lalata ba ta barazana ga jinsin ba, amma adadinta ba shi da tabbas. An jera shi a cikin Littafin Layi na Duniya kamar yadda yake haifar da ƙarancin damuwa a cikin shekaru 10 masu zuwa - IUCN (LC), kuma an haɗa shi a Yarjejeniyar Harkokin Ciniki na inasashen Duniya a cikin Mummunan Lantarki na Wild Fauna da Flora - CITES II.
A cikin Russia ba shimfidar wuri ba ce, ba a fara yanayi ba kuma yanayin tashi a kai a kai. A matsayin nau'ikan da ba kasafai ba, an jera su masu ruwan hoda a cikin Littattafai na Red of Russia da Kazakhstan.
Dalilin raguwar lambobi shine raguwa a wuraren da ake tallatawa da kuma hargitsi.
Bayyanar tsuntsu mai harshen wuta
Ya danganta da nau'in halittar, flamingos na iya isa matakan daban-daban masu nauyi da kuma nauyi. Smallestananan ƙanana sune ƙananan ƙangin wuta da ke zaune a kudanci da gabashin Afirka, suna girma zuwa santimita 80-90 kuma suna awo kimanin kilo 1.5-2.
Mafi girma sune fitila mai launin ruwan hoda, suna zaune a Turai da Asiya, ci gaban su ya kai kimanin mita 1.3, kuma yana da nauyin kilogram 3.5-4.
Harshen ƙwanƙwasawan na Chilean (Phoenicopterus chilensis molina).
Mata sun yi karanci fiye da maza. Flamingos sau da yawa suna tsaye a kan kafa ɗaya. Ba a fayyace ainihin dalilan wannan halayyar ba, amma bisa ga binciken kimiyya na kwanannan, don haka tsuntsaye suna rage asara mai zafi, saboda dole ne su shafe sa'o'i a cikin ruwan sanyi.
Flamingos suna da dogon wuya. Umwaya yana da bambanci - daga fari zuwa ja.
Abubuwan launuka masu launin ja da ruwan hoda suna ba da ƙwayoyin cuta da ke cikin ruwa, waɗanda ke ɗauke da beta-carotene. Fuka-fukan waɗannan tsuntsayen baƙi ne. Tsakanin yatsun akwai membranes.
Flamingo na kowa (Phoenicopterus roseus).
Tsuntsaye suna da babban baki mai ban mamaki da ke da tushe mai tushe. Tare da taimakon irin wannan bek, tsuntsu yana tace abincin daga ruwa. Saurin girma yana da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi.
A ina suke zaune?
Suna zaune a yankuna na yamma da gabashin Afirka, a Indiya, a cikin yankunan Asiaan Asiya da kuma Caspian. Hakanan ana samun Flamingos a Turai - a kudancin Spain, Sardinia da Faransa. Idan muka yi magana game da nahiyar ta Amurka, to, yankin arewa maso gabashin Kudancin Amurka, Amurka ta Tsakiya da Florida sun zabi fitila.
Erarancin ƙanƙan wuta (ƙananan enan wasan Phoenicopterus).
Halayyar tsuntsayen harshen wuta a yanayi
Mahalli na Flaming shine gabar ƙaramin tafki da lagos. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna zaune a cikin manyan yankuna, wanda zai iya ƙunsar dubunnan dubban mutane.
Flamingos suna jagorancin salon rayuwa na yau da kullun. Wadannan tsuntsayen sun fi son wuraren tafkuna tare da babban gishiri, a cikinsu akwai crustaceans da yawa, amma basu da kifi.
Binciko wurin zama da suka fi so, harshen wuta zai iya tsayawa a gefen tafkunan tsauni. Yana da kyau a lura cewa waɗannan tsuntsayen suna jure yanayin zafi da ƙima sosai. Saboda tsuntsaye suna rayuwa a cikin yanayin tashin hankali, ƙafafunsu suna rufe da fata mai ƙarfi. Lokaci zuwa lokaci Flaingos sukan tashi zuwa ruwa mai-kyau, inda zasu bugu kuma su wanke adon gishiri a jikinsu.
Red Flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber).
Me 'yan wuta ke ci?
Wadannan tsuntsayen suna ciyar da crustaceans, algae mai launin shuɗi-kore, mollusks, ƙananan tsutsotsi da larvae kwari.
Ana samun abincin Flamingo a cikin ruwa mara zurfi. Yayin da ake neman abinci, tsuntsu ya juyar da kanshi wanda yakai beak a sama. Ruwa yana shiga bakin sai tsuntsun ya rufe shi. Flamingo tana fitar da ruwa daga bakin tare da harshe mai ƙarfi ta hanyar tsarin gashi da ake kira lamellas.
Flamingo James (Phoenicoparrus jamesi).
Abincin da aka bari a bakin shine tsuntsu ya hadiye shi. Wannan tsari yana da sauri.
Saurari muryar harshen harshen wuta
A cikin kamawa, galibi, akwai kwai 1. Lokacin shiryawa yana da wata 1. Iyaye suna ciyar da kawunansu tare da wani ruwa mai ruwan hoda na musamman wanda aka fitar a cikin gland na ciki.Wannan ruwan yana kunshe da adadin furotin da mai mai yawa, saboda haka yana da matukar gina jiki.
Kayan kaji suna cikin gida don kwanaki 6, sannan a hankali su fara barin shi. Iyaye suna ciyar da jariransu kimanin watanni 2. Sannan an samar da baki a cikin matasa, kuma tsuntsaye na iya ciyar da kansu, suna tace abincin, kamar manya.
Saurin girma ya fara tashi bayan ya kai watanni 2.5. Flamingos suna da balaga da shekaru 3 zuwa 4. Flamingos ba su wuce shekaru 40 ba.
Flamingo dancing.
Flamingo da mutum
Flamingos an girmama shi a tsohuwar Misira a matsayin dabba mai tsarki, kuma a cikin tsohuwar Roma, ana ɗaukar yaren waɗannan tsuntsayen abinci mai daɗi. ‘Yan asalin Kudancin Amurka sun lalata flamin saboda kitsen su, saboda sun yi imanin cewa kitse yana taimaka wa warkar da cutar tarin fuka.
A yau, adadin waɗannan tsuntsayen masu falala ma suna raguwa, wannan halin yana da alaƙa da ɗabi'ar ayyukan tattalin arziƙi. Yawancin tafkunan da suke gida don harshen wuta sun bushe. Hakanan a cikin ruwa, taro na abubuwan cutarwa ya karu sosai. Duk wannan ya cutar da jimlar yawan jama'a.
Gidan dabbobi a karo na farko ya fara haifar da harshen wuta a shekara 1958. Wannan ya faru ne a gidan zuƙumar Switzerland da ke Basel. Tun daga wannan lokacin, an haifi Flamos 389 a cikin zaman talala, waɗanda aka canza su zuwa wasu ɗakunan dabbobi na duniya.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.
A ina ne Flamingos suke rayuwa kuma ta yaya?
Flaming ruwan hoda sune nau'ikan nau'ikan harshen wuta. Flamingos suna zaune ne a Afirka, kudanci Turai da kudu maso yamma Asia. A cikin Turai, yankunan mallaka na yan wuta suna zaune a kudu da Faransa, Spain da Sardinia. A cikin Afirka, Flaingos suna zaune a kudu na nahiyar, kazalika a cikin Tunisiya, Maroko, Mauritania, Kenya da tsibirin Cape Verde. Flamingo yana zaune a cikin tafkunan Kudancin Afghanistan, a Arewa maso Yammacin Indiya da kuma a Sri Lanka. Hakanan ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda yana zaune a cikin tabkuna da dama na Kazakhstan.
A Rasha, fitila mai launin ruwan hoda ba ta da sheƙa, amma a kai a kai ƙaura ta kan iyakarta - a bakin Kogin Volga, a cikin Terasashe na Krasnodar da Stavropol. Ya tashi zuwa Siberiya, har zuwa Yakutia, Primorye, Urals. Flaming masu launin ruwan hoda suna tashi cikin Rasha a Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan da Iran overwinter.
Flamingos suna rayuwarsu gaba ɗaya cikin rukuni daban-daban, saboda sune tsuntsayen zamantakewa. Suna tashi daga wuri zuwa wuri, sukan taru a cikin garkuna, kuma yayin da suke ƙasa ana riƙe su cikin rukuni. Flaming na ruwan hoda suna zaune a cikin manyan tafkuna tare da ruwan gishiri, a lagoons da estuaries, cikin ruwa mai zurfi a cikin wurare masu nisa kuma tare da ƙasa mai laka. Flamingos suna zaune a bankunan tafkuna a cikin manyan yankuna, wanda zai iya adadin ɗaruruwan dubban mutane.
Yawancin Flaingos suna zaune. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna iya yawo a cikin mazauninsu don neman wuri tare da kyakkyawan yanayin rayuwa ko kuma rashin abinci a wuri guda. 'Yan arewacin arewa ne kawai masu fenti masu launin ruwan hoda ke tashi da tashi don tashi daga nesa.
Flamingo tana zaune a cikin yanayi daban-daban kuma yana da ikon jure yanayin zafin jiki kwatsam. Ana amfani da fitila mai launin ruwan hoda ta haƙurin gaske kuma yana iya jurewa har ma da tsauraran yanayin yanayi, wanda ba kowane dabba zai iya rayuwa ba. Ana samunsu a cikin tafkuna masu gishiri ko alkaline. Wannan ya faru ne saboda yawan crustaceans a jikin ruwan gishiri, inda kifayen basa rayuwa saboda yawan ƙamshi. Flamingos masu ruwan hoda suna zaune akan manyan layukan tuddai.
Flamingo na yau da kullun na iya kasancewa cikin yanayi mai zafi na yanayin alkaline da gishiri saboda ƙarancin fata a ƙafafunsa. Hakanan, don shayar da ƙishirwarsu da kuma kashe gishiri, tsuntsaye sukan ziyarci wuraren samun ruwa na kusa.
Wayewa da aiki tuƙuru na tattalin arziki sun haifar da raguwar yawan jama'a a duniya. Ya zuwa yanzu, wannan nau'in a cikin Littafin Layi na Duniya yana da matsayin "haifar da ƙarancin damuwa."
Flamingos yana ciyar da ƙananan crustaceans. Flamingos suna cin crustaceans, saboda sune ainihin abincin su.Flaming ruwan hoda shima yaci abinci akan tsutsa kwari, tsutsotsi, mollusks da algae, wanda suka samu cikin ruwa mara zurfi. Harshen wutar yana taimakawa tsuntsu damar samun abinci ta bakin baki, wanda suke tace abinci daga ruwa ko murɗa.
Gashin baki na ƙanƙan wuta yana da takamaiman tsari, kuma a gefansa akwai matattakala a cikin ƙaramin ɗamarar farantin kwanon. Flamingo suna cin abinci cikin ruwa mai zurfi tare da tushe mai laka a wurare mara iyaka.
Neman abinci, harshen wuta na yau da kullun ya juyar da kai wanda beak babba ya kasance a ƙasa. Gefen yana da daskararren ruwa wanda ke tallafawa kai a cikin manya-manyan ruwa, musamman ma mai arziki a cikin plankton. Flamingo ruwan hoda na cin abinci, yana tara ruwa a bakinsa yana rufe bakin sa, daga baya tsuntsun ya tura ruwa ta baki ya cinye abincin. Dukkanin matakan ciyar da fitsari suna da sauri sosai.
Abokan halitta na ƙanƙan wuta masu wuta masu kama da fata ne kamar su kyar, kyarkeci, kyarma da sauran mafarauta. Manyan featan wasa, wadanda suka zauna a kusa da yankunan da ke cikin yankin, su ma suna fuskantar barazanar. Idan akwai haɗari, za a kunna fitila. Lokacin da zasu tafi, sukanyi karamin hutu, wanda aka samu nasarar gudana akan ruwa da kasa. Yana da wuya mai yanke hukunci ya zaɓi takamaiman wanda aka azabtar daga gare su, saboda da yawa daga cikinsu, kuma lokacin tashi, fuka-fukai masu launuka masu yawa da fuka-fukai baƙaƙe suna hana mai farautar mai da hankali kan wanda aka cutar.
Flaming ruwan hoda sune matan aure da kuma nau'ikan nau'i biyu wanda suke dagewa tsawon rayuwa. Kodayake akwai mutane waɗanda, a cikin kowane lokacin mating, sami sabon abokin tarayya don ƙirƙirar iyali. Flamin fure mai launin shuɗi a cikin mazauna ɗaruruwan ɗari har ma dubban nau'i-nau'i kusa da juna.
Lokacin fitar da wuta na yau da kullun yana faduwa daga Mayu zuwa Yuli; a cikin ƙaura daga cikin ƙaƙƙarfan lokacin wannan ana ɗan tsawan sa kuma yana faruwa daga Afrilu zuwa Agusta. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna iya haihuwar zuriya, suna kai shekaru 3, amma, tsuntsu mai cin wuta yakan fara zama ne da shekaru 5-6.
Watanni biyu kafin a fara farauta, fitila mai launin ruwan hoda wacce ba ta da miji tana shirya zanga-zangar nuna ɗanɗanawa ta hanyar daidaitawa da daidaituwa tsakanin kowane mahalarta. Dukansu maza da mata suna shiga cikin waɗannan raye-rayen ma'aurata. Launi abu ne mai yanke hukunci ga fitila mai ruwan hoda cikin ƙaddara zaɓin abokin zama a cikin lokacin matse. Mace na zaɓi namiji. M launuka shine tabbacin cewa tsuntsu na lafiya, yana da kyau kuma zai ba zuriya mai ƙarfi.
Nau'in nau'ikan wasann wuta sau da yawa ba sa shiga cikin zanga-zangar. Migratory flamingos suna shirya rawarsu yayin da suke hutawa a yayin da suke zuwa inda ake burtuwa. Yana isowa kan hanyar ma'aurata da suka isa nan da nan shirye shiryen farawa. A cikin makonni biyu suka gina gida.
Constructionirƙirar burtsatsi na musamman yana da bambanci kuma tsauni ne mai siffa mai siffa 60 cm tsayi cikin ruwa mai zurfi daga yumbu da murɗa. Namiji da mace suna gina gida tare. A cikin ɓoye akwai manyan ƙwai na 1-3 na farin launi, amma galibi kwai 1. Duk iyayen suna da hannu a cikin farauta. Flamingo kaji an haife shi a cikin kwanaki 30. Calfan maraƙin ɗan ƙoda yana ƙwanƙwasa ingantaccen aiki, yana aiki kuma yana barin gida cikin fewan kwanaki.
Flamingos suna ciyar da kawunansu tare da madarar tsuntsaye, wanda yake ruwan hoda. Ana samar da wannan abincin a cikin esophagus na tsuntsaye manya ta glandon musamman kuma yana da abinci mai gina jiki. Abin mamaki ne cewa ba wai kawai mata ba, har ma da maza suna ba da madara. Sabuwar ƙuƙwalwar ƙanƙan da aka harba an rufe ta da fari da fari, sannan ta maye gurbinsa da launin toka. Kafafuwan ƙanƙan ɗan ƙwal a ɗan gajere kuma mai kauri, gemun ja.
Flaming na ruwan hoda suna da nau'ikan kindergarten, inda kajin na cin duri ke ƙarƙashin kulawar tutoci, yayin da iyayensu ke samun abinci. Irin wannan rukunin na iya ƙidaya kajin har sau 200, amma mahaifa nan da nan sai yaga babyan ta da murya.
Maraƙi mai ƙona wuta yana ciyar da madara tsawon watanni biyu, har ƙurar sa ta girma domin ta iya ciyar da kansa.A lokacin da ya kai watanni uku, 'yan marandiya suna girma zuwa girman manya kuma suna iya tashi. A wannan lokacin, kajin na samun wuta mai launin fari-mai launin shuɗi, tare da ɗanɗano mai ruwan hoda.
Flaman ƙaramin matasa masu launi masu amfani da wutar da aka samo daga shekaru uku. Matsakaicin rayuwar rayuwa na launin ruwan hoda shine shekaru 30. Amma akwai lokuta lokacin da ake cikin harshen wuta ba wanda ya rayu zuwa shekaru 80.
Idan kuna son wannan labarin kuma kuna son karanta game da dabbobi daban-daban na duniyarmu ta musamman, biyan kuɗi zuwa sabuntawar yanar gizon kuma ku sami labarai da mafi ban sha'awa game da duniyar dabba ta farko.
Wannan labarin ya gabatar wanda a cikin yankuna na Rasha za'a iya samun kusan musamman a cikin wuraren kiwon dabbobi. Abin mamakin tare da alherin sa mai ban mamaki da launin farar fatar baƙuwa, suna rera waƙoƙi. A ina yake cin wuta? Menene yanayin zaman talalarsu, fasali da halayensu, me suke ci?
Ja mai launin Flamingo tana da launi daga ruwan hoda zuwa ruwan hoda ko mai haske mai haske.
Flamingo karami
Daga cikin dukkanin nau'ikan zamani, ƙaramin yana da mafi girman ƙarami. Tsawon jikinsa kawai 80 cm (wasu kuma sama da 100 cm). A cikin wannan nau'in, gemun yana da keel wanda yake gangara zuwa zurfin katako. Yawancin lokaci algae shine abincinsa.
Lokacin da ake neman abinci, ƙaramin harshen wuta baya saukar da bakinsa zuwa gindi, amma kawai yana jagorarsu daga gefe zuwa gefe akan ruwa. Tana yin nishi a cikin tafkunan gishirin gishiri na Tanzania, Kenya, da kuma gefen gabar Tekun Fasha (Lake Sambhor a Indiya).
Andean harshen wuta
Wurin zama ruwan tabkuna ne na gishiri a cikin Andes a tsawan nisan mil 2500 (arewa da tsakiyar Chile, Kudancin Peru, Arewacin Argentina da yammacin Bolivia). Sun fi son tabkuna, kuma sau da yawa ruwa tare da babban abun ciki na gypsum, caustic soda da hydrogen sulfide.
Ana fentin adon Flaingos cikin fararen-ruwan hoda ko Kyawawan launuka masu ruwan hoda masu launin ruwan hoda saboda ƙyalli da ke shiga jikin tsuntsayen da crustaceans (abinci). Fuka-fukan wannan tsuntsu baƙi ne, kafafu rawaya ne.
Sunayen Flamingo
Tsuntsayen suna zaune a Andes na Bolivia da kuma Arewacin Argentina. Abinci - diatoms. Akwai ikon mallakar wannan nau'in da ke rayuwa a cikin mawuyacin yanayin tsaunuka.
Wannan nau'in, wanda kuma ake kira Short-bill, yana da wuya sosai.
Harshen Chilean na wasan wuta
Wannan shine wasan wuta mai ɗan gajeren zango da aka samo a Kudancin Amurka. A kan tsaunukan tsauni (Andes) zai iya rayuwa tare da nau'in flaming na ɗan gajeren wuta.
A launi na Chilean harshen wuta haske ne: Scarlet ko fari-ruwan hoda. Abubuwan inuwa masu launin ja an haɓaka su akan fikafikan fuka-fukai, saboda haka harshen wuta ya karɓi sunan Latin wanda yake ma'anar "mai fiɗa wuta". Kafafu suna launin kore, amma gwiwoyi da kafafu suna ja.
Kammalawa
Kuma a ina ne ake yin wasan wuta a Arewacin Amurka?
Waɗannan tsuntsayen suna cikin ɗayan tsohuwar iyalan tsuntsaye. Ragowar su, wanda ya fi kusanci da zamani, ya koma ne shekaru miliyan 30 da suka gabata, da burbushin halittu masu tsattsauran ra'ayi - sama da shekaru miliyan 50.
An samo su a wuraren da Flamos ba sa rayuwa a yau: wasu sassan Turai, Arewacin Amurka da Ostiraliya. Wannan yana nuna cewa a baya, waɗannan tsuntsayen ban mamaki suna da mazauninsu.
Flamingo (lat. Phoenicopterus ) - asalin halittar tsuntsaye masu tsayi-tsayi, wanda shine kawai wakilcin umarnin harshen 'yan wuta da kuma dangin mai wuta. Flamingos ba zai iya rikita shi tare da kowane tsuntsu ba saboda yanayin jikin jikinsa da kuma launi mai kyau na rushewar jikinsa.
Waɗannan su ne manyan tsuntsayen (tsayi 120-145 cm, nauyi 2100 - 4100 g, fuka-fuka 149-165 cm), tare da mace ƙasa da maza da gajeru. Shugaban ƙwanƙolin ƙaramin abu ne, baki yana da yawa kuma a tsakiyar sashi ya yi tsayi (gwiwoyi) yana durƙusa. Ba kamar yawancin tsuntsaye ba, a cikin harshen wuta, sashi mai motsi na baya shine ƙananan maimakon na sama. A gefunan baki da baki akwai ƙananan fararen faranti da haƙoran da ke samar da kayan aikin.
Kafafuwan harshen wuta suna da tsawo, yatsun kafa huɗu a ƙafafunsu, tare da kafafan gaba uku da ke huɗar iyo.Misalin wadannan tsuntsayen sako-sako ne kuma mai laushi. Launin launin shuwalin launuka daban-daban na harshen wuta daga launin shuɗi zuwa launin ja mai ƙarfi, ƙarshen fikafikan baƙi ne. Ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda da jan launin toka ya kasance ne sakamakon kasancewar ƙyallen launuka iri-iri masu kama da rukunin carotenoid. Wadannan tsuntsaye ana samo su ta hanyar abinci, daga crustaceans daban-daban.
A cikin bauta, bayan shekaru 1-2, launin ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda yawanci yakan ɓace saboda abinci iri ɗaya. Amma idan kun ƙara musamman carotenoids da ke cikin karas da beets zuwa ƙanƙan wuta, launin tsuntsaye koyaushe ya kasance cikakke. Tsuntsayen matasa suna da launin toka-launin ruwan kasa, suna sanya sutura ne kawai a shekara ta uku ta rayuwa.
Batun rarrabewa da ƙabilu na tsawon shekaru ya zama batun jayayya tsakanin kwararru. Flamingos suna da halaye gama gari tare da gungun tsuntsaye daban-daban, kuma har yanzu ba a san wacce kungiyace take da ita ba. Anatomically, suna kama da storks, kuma halayen halaye sun fi kama da ruwa mai ruwa, kamar geese.
Har zuwa kwanan nan, an sanya flamingos zuwa ga umarnin Ciconiiformes, duk da haka, masana kimiyya sun yanke shawara cewa ya kamata a sanya harshen wuta a cikin keɓance na daban - Flamingos (Latin Phoenicopteriformes).
Har yanzu ana tattaunawa game da yawan nau'in halittu, amma yawancin masu ba da agaji sun rarraba dangin da ke yawo a cikin jinsuna shida:
- Zamani na yau da kullun - yana zaune a Afirka, kudanci Turai da kudu maso yamma Asia.
- Ja mai wuta - yana zaune a yankin Caribbean, arewacin Kudancin Amurka, Yucatan Peninsula da Galapagos tsibirin.
- Harshen Chilean na wasan wuta - wanda aka samo a cikin yankin kudu maso yamma na Kudancin Amurka.
- Flaman ƙaramar wuta - An samo shi a kan yankin Afirka, a arewa maso yammacin India da kuma gabashin gabashin Pakistan.
- Andean harshen wuta da Sunayen Flamingo - zauna a Chile, Peru, Bolivia da Argentina.
Mafi girma daga cikin jinsunan shine Ordinary flamingo, girmanta ya tashi daga mita 1.2 zuwa 1.5, nauyi - har zuwa kilogiram 3.5. Smallestarancin mafi ƙarancin shine Fan Flamingo, wanda girmansa ya kai cm 80 kuma nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 2.5.
Flamingos ya kasance daga ɗayan tsohuwar iyalan tsuntsaye. Ragowar burbushin halittun, mafi kusancin nau'ikan zamani, sunada shekaru miliyan 30 da suka shude, kuma burbushin da aka samo a cikin tsinkayen jinsunan sun fi shekaru miliyan 50 da haihuwa.
An gano burbushin a wuraren da a yau ba ku iya ganin harshen wuta - wasu yankuna na Turai, Arewacin Amurka da Ostiraliya. Wannan yana nuna cewa a baya suna da mazauninsu da yawa.
An raba nau'ikan Flaming guda shida zuwa rukuni biyu dangane da girman da siffar gemunsa. Akan kwanon na sama na Farko, Red da Chilean fitila ya yadu cikin faranti wanda ya ba su damar ciyar da kananzir, ƙwarjamau, kwari, shuka shuka da ƙananan kifi.
Tsuntsaye daga rukuni na biyu - Andean, erarami, da kuma Yakubu Flaingos - an iyakance su a cikin abinci saboda tazara mai nisa tsakanin faranti na baki. Waɗannan nau'ikan masu amfani da harshen wuta suna da ikon cin abinci masu ƙanana kaɗan (musamman, algae da plankton), suna tacewa.
Godiya ga abinci na musamman mai wadataccen mai da ke cikin carotenes, yawan fitsarin wuta ya zama ruwan hoda. All harshen wuta, ban da na arewaci, yan iska ne. Don yin kajin, ciyawar wuta tana jira lokacin damina. Ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya ne kawai ba ya samar musu da abinci da kayan gini don gida ba, har ma yana kare su daga mafarauta. Tushen ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda yana dauke da kananan crustacean jajayen fata da kuma qwai. Bugu da kari, masu amfani da fulawa a jikin wasu nau'ikan crustaceans, har da mollus, kwari larvae, da tsutsotsi. Wasu nau'in suna cin shuɗi-kore da diatoms. Suna neman abinci a yankuna marassa tushe. Bayan sun yi nisa cikin ruwa, tare da kafafunsu na sama, masu harshen wuta suna saukar da kawunansu a karkashin ruwa kuma suna tono begunansu a kasan tafkin. A lokaci guda, kambi na tsuntsu kusan ya taɓa zuwa kasan, muƙamuƙin sama yana ƙasa, ƙasan kuma yana samansa.Suna shan fulawa a cikin ruwa da kuma ruwa mai tsafta a lokacin ruwan sama, suna jigilar ruwan da ke gudana a ruɓa.
A cikin manyan mazugi masu siffa daga dutsen harsashi, murɗa da laka mai ƙonewa, ɗayan (da wuya biyu ko uku) manyan ƙwai ana yanyanka. Bayan watanni biyu da rabi, kajin sun girma suka fara tashi da kansu, bayan shekara uku kuma za su iya samun zuriyarsu. Flamingos gida a cikin manyan mazauna na kusan 20,000 nau'i-nau'i (a Indiya - har zuwa 2,000,000 nau'i-nau'i). Gida wani yanki mai ruɗaɗɗen ruɓaɓɓiyar ruɓi da ƙira. A cikin maƙarƙashiya akwai ƙwai 1-2 waɗanda namiji da mace ke ɗauka don kwanaki 27-32, duk iyayen sun kuma kula da zuriyarsu. Kayan kyankyasai suna kyankyashe ƙasa, a kan gani kuma da baki na kai tsaye. Har tsawon watanni biyu, iyaye suna ciyar da su da “burp”, wanda, baya ga abincin da ke narkewa, ya ƙunshi secretion na glandar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da na huhu. Wannan ruwa yana daidai da darajar abinci zuwa madara mai shayarwa; haske ne mai ruwan hoda mai launi saboda kasancewar carotenoids a ciki. Kajin suna barin gida 'yan kwanaki bayan kyankyasar kuma a kusan wata daya da haihuwa suka canza suturar ta farko zuwa ta biyu. Wadanda suka bar ba tare da iyayensu ba, kajin da suka riga sun bar gida, sun yi yawo cikin manyan kungiyoyi (har zuwa kajin 200) kuma suna karkashin kulawar da yawa daga cikin “malamai masu kan gado” wadanda suka rage a wurin. Matasa sun sami ikon tashi a rana ta 65-75th na rayuwa, a daidai wannan lokacin ne suka samar da na'urar tantancewa.
Flamingos suna da yawa, sun samar da nau'i-nau'i don akalla fewan shekaru. A kan tsuntsaye nesting kare kawai da gida kanta. A cikin daji, a bayyane yake, suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 30, kuma suna cikin fursuna ko daɗewa (har zuwa shekaru 40).
A wasu lokutan ana kiran 'Flamingos' 'tsuntsu na wuta' ', saboda wasu suna da rudani mai haske sosai. Wasu lokuta ana kiran harshen wuta "tsuntsu sanyin safiya", saboda a cikin sauran nau'in tsintsiya ruwan hoda mai laushi mai laushi. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da doguwar wuya da kafafu, kuma, kamar yadda Farfesa N. A. Gladkov ya rubuta, “da yake magana game da girman dangi, ana iya daukar fagen wuta a matsayin tsuntsu mafi dadewa a duniya.” Akwai labarai da yawa masu ban sha'awa game da wasan wuta. Misali, daya daga cikinsu ya fada cewa da zarar macizai na ruwa suka yanke hukuncin cire kawunansu daga harshen wuta. Amma tsuntsayen ba su ba kawunansu ga macizai. Sai macizai suka fara azabtar da tsuntsaye - suka fara cizon kafafunsu, a hankali suna tashi sama da girma. Amma tsuntsaye sun yi haƙuri kuma ba su tsaya a cikin ruwa ba har sai kaji na girma. Kajin, kamar an san abin da ke faruwa, “sun yi ƙoƙari” su yi sauri. Abin sha'awa ne cewa a cikin wannan tatsuniyar, ba shakka, babu abin da ya shafi launi na ƙafafu na ƙwallon wuta, an lura da cikakken bayani guda ɗaya: kajin an haife shi da rashin taimako, amma ba da daɗewa ba, bayan kwana biyu zuwa uku, sun sami 'yanci sosai.
Lat Phoenicopterus roseus, ɗaya daga cikin rabe-raben da ake amfani da su a cikin harshen wuta. Plumage a cikin manya na wani haske ruwan hoda haske. Flaming ruwan hoda sune nau'ikan nau'ikan harshen wuta. An hada wannan tsuntsu a cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan halittu masu saurin kyan gani kuma an jera su a cikin Litattafan Red of Russia da Kazakhstan.
Gini
Shahararren nau'ikan wannan nau'in wasan wuta shine rigar jikinta: yana iya zama daga fari zuwa ruwan hoda mai haske. Fikafikai yawanci suna goge ja, kuma fikafikan baƙaƙen fata ne. Har zuwa shekaru uku na harshen wuta suna da launin toka. Gefen ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda da baki a gindi. Abubuwan gefen gado na baki da baki suna cike da faranti da fararen hakora. Sun kirkiri na'urar tantancewa. Girman tsuntsu mai girma ya kai cm 130. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 2100-4100 g. Flamingo shine mai mafi girman wuyansa kuma mafi tsayi kafafu dangi da jiki a tsakanin duk wakilan tsarin tsarin tsuntsaye. Akwai yatsun kafa 4 a ƙafafun, wanda ɗayan gaba uku suna haɗuwa da membrane na ruwa. A cikin Flaingos, sashin saman baki yana da hannu, kuma ƙananan sashin ba shi bane, wanda ke bambanta shi da yawancin tsuntsaye. Rayuwa ta rayuwa na fitila mai ban mamaki ce: kimanin shekaru 30 kenan.
Habitat
Rarrabawar ba ta daidaita ba: daga Kudancin Turai da Asiya zuwa Afirka. Kowace shekara tana yin sheƙun kan tekuna a Kazakhstan.A Rasha, Flaming ba shi da gida, amma yi ƙaura ta cikin harabar Volga, Dagestan, Kalmykia, Krasnodar da Tervropol Territories. Flamingos suna zaune a cikin manyan hanyoyin ruwan teku, a cikin manyan tafkuna masu gishiri.
Halin hali, salon rayuwa da abinci mai gina jiki
Flamingos yafi ciyar da ƙananan ƙananan crustaceans da qwai. Hakanan zasu iya ciyar da mollusks, larvae na arthropod, da tsutsotsi. Sukan farauta cikin ruwa mara zurfi, inda ganima take bayyane. Shiga cikin ruwa, harshen wuta yana saukar da kawunansu zuwa kasan sannan kuma ya tono a cikin yashi da beransu, don neman abinci. Flamingos dabbobi ne masu aladar aure, guda biyu an kafa su shekaru. Don samun isasshen, Flaingos yakamata yaci kusan rubu'in nauyin nasu a kowace rana. Sakamakon launuka na carotenoid da aka samo a abinci, tushen wutar fulawa ya kasance ruwan hoda. Idan wadannan alamu basu isa ba, launin tsuntsu ya zama mai haske.
Kiwo
Lokacin fitar da waɗannan tsuntsayen mulkin mallaka ne. Suna gina gida daga silt. Gida a cikin nau'i na shafi na conical, auna kimanin 50 cm a diamita kuma har zuwa 60 cm a tsayi. A kowane hutu a cikin mazugi, mace tana sanya kwai ɗaya. A lokacin shiryawa, wanda zai dauki kusan wata guda, Flaingos yana sabunta gida, yana ɗaukar sabon rabo na silt. Sabili da haka, tsawon lokaci, rami a cikin ƙasa yana kewaye da gida. Daga kwai 1 zuwa 3 ana iya samunsu a cikin gida ɗaya. Duk iyayen sun saka su cikin kusan wata daya. A nan gaba, mace da mace suna kula da kajin. Babban launi na kwasfa shine koren haske, amma tunda kwai ya rufe da kwan, ya bayyana fari. Girman ƙwai ya kusan 89 × 54 mm. Bayan kyankyasar, kajin suna zama a cikin gida na tsawon kwanaki 4. Saida suka sauko suka zauna kusa da gida. Da farko, an rufe karen ta da farin ƙasa. Amma bayan wata daya sai ya yi launin toka. Kayan kyankyasai daga farkon suna gani kuma suna da baki.
Tsabtacewa: jinsuna, halittar mutum, dangi, tsari
Flamingos (lat. Flamma - wuta) ita ce kawai rayuwar da ta rage daga tsuntsayen gidan Flaming, wanda, bi da bi, yana cikin tsarin Flamingo. Baya ga su, dangin sun hada da abubuwan samar da kayayyaki da yawa. Halin halittar Flamingo ya hada da wasu nau'ikan: waɗannan su ne na yau da kullun ko na wuta mai launin ruwan hoda, Andean, ja, Chilean, ƙanana, da kuma James flamingos.
Wadannan tsuntsayen sun mallaki sunan su ga canza launin fuka-fukan, wanda gashinsa, launuka masu haske da launuka masu haske suka girma a saman da ciki. Ya kafa tushen hukuma, sunan kimiyya na halittar - Phoenicopterus (Phoenicopterus) wanda Karl Linnaeus ya bashi. Masanin kimiyyar ya ga alamun canza launi wanda ke da alaƙa da su da zafin maganganun Fenix, yana ƙonewa kuma ya sake komawa daga toka.
Halaye, tsarin tsuntsaye
Flamingos suna da tsayi, kafafu na bakin ciki waɗanda ke ba su damar yawo cikin ruwa mara-nauyi. A yatsun akwai membranes wadanda zasu basu izinin tsuntsu kada ya makale a jikin sanan. Tsuntsaye suna da wuyan wuyan sassauci, wanda ke taimaka wa lanƙwasa low kuma sami ganima a cikin ruwa. Amma mafi kyawun yanayin aikin da aka sansu shine harshen wuta na kowane nau'in shine baki baki daya, ya sunkuya kasa.
Yawancin lokaci ana iya ganin Flamingos a tsaye a kafa ɗaya. Suna matsawa wani a wannan lokacin don rage asara, tunda gajerun kafafunsu suna da fadi sosai. A cikin tsuntsayen iska yanayin daskare. Tsaye a kafa ɗaya ba zai haifar musu da matsala ba kuma abu ne na ɗan adam. Yana da wuya a riƙe shi a cikin wani tsari mai bayyanawa na harshen wuta, wannan matsayi ba ya buƙatar wani ƙoƙarin tsoka na musamman daga gare su. Fatar kan kafafun tsuntsayen tana da yawa. Godiya ga wannan, za su iya zama kusa da gishiri sosai har ma da tabkuna na alkaline kuma suna yawo kewaye da su na sa'o'i da yawa, suna neman abinci.
Inda Flamingos ruwan hoda suke rayuwa, yawan shan ruwa bashi da dacewa. Amma wasu kwayoyin halitta, irin su brine shrimp, wadanda suke hadadden abinci mai ruwan hoda, suna rayuwa cikin ruwa mai gishiri, suna jin girma kuma suna haifarwa a ciki, gami da rashin karancin kifayen da basa iya rayuwa a irin wannan wuraren. Saboda haka, irin wannan tafkunan na harshen wuta suna matukar sona.Koyaya, suna iya tashi zuwa gaɓoɓin ruwa na ruwa da maɓuɓɓugai don wanke gishiri mai yawa kuma su bugu
Tasirin harshen wuta
Flamingo plumage yana da asali launi na asali da farko saboda abincinsa. Dyes da ake kira lipochromes suna shiga jikin su tare da plankton wanda ke ɗauke da canthaxanthin pigment. Lokacin da aka kiyaye tsuntsaye a cikin bauta, abincinsu, ban da crustaceans, yana wadatar da samfuran shuka wanda ya ƙunshi karas - kararrawa, karas mai dadi. Gashin tsuntsu na Flamingo koyaushe baki ne. A cewar masana kimiyya, wannan launi yana jan hankali kuma yana aiki don yaudarar mai sihiri wanda, saboda fashewar gashin fuka-fukai masu walƙiya a gaban idanunsa, wanda bazai iya sanin ainihin matsayin wanda abin ya shafa ba.
Abincin abinci na manya da kuma abincin kajin
Menene Flamingo ke ci? A ina ne wannan kyakkyawan tsuntsu yake zaune? Babban abincinsa shine ƙananan crustaceans. Tsuntsayen galibi suna sauka a bakin rijiyoyin. Ta hanyar taimakon beak, wanda sashin na hannu ya zama na hannu ne, bawai na baya ba, kamar dukkan tsuntsayen, ƙanƙan wuta ko ruwa mai gudana. Gefen yana ba su damar tace hakar ruwa ko karkatarwa. Harshe mai ƙarfi yana motsa motsi, ruwa yana gudana ta cikin murfin rufe, yana aiki kamar sieve. Kuma kawai abin da ake ci daga cikin kama ya rage a bakin - abin da za a iya hadiye shi. A lokaci guda, ɗan baka na ɗan fari (ƙanƙane) yana da bakin ciki, kuma ƙarfin sa kamar yadda yake ita ce mafi girma. Sabili da haka, zasu iya tace ƙananan ƙananan crustaceans da shrimps, amma har da algae unicellular.
Inda masu fashin wuta suna zama, akwai abinci da yawa da suka saba dasu. A rana, tsuntsu yakan ci irin wannan adadin abincin, wanda adadinsa shine kusan kwata na nauyin kansa. Manyan biranensu suna tsabtace ruwa mai yawa a hanyar halitta kowace rana. Don haka, daya daga cikin mazauna yankunan masu amfani da harshen wuta da ke zaune a Indiya, wadanda suka hada da kusan rabin miliyan tsuntsaye, suna cin abinci kusan tan 145 na abinci a kowace rana.
Idan kuma ba a sami abinci na yau da kullun ba, masu fashin wuta suna iya yin dogon jirgin zuwa wasu jikin ruwa - kimanin kilomita 50-60.
'Ya'yan reno
Tsuntsaye suna da aure daya. Nesting yana farawa yana da shekaru 5-6. Mace mai ƙwarjin ƙwarya tana sanya ƙwai 1-3 a lokaci guda, amma galibi a cikin kowane iyali akwai jariri ɗaya. Gidajen waɗannan tsuntsayen suna da sihiri mai ban sha'awa. Abune na musamman, babu wani nau'in tsuntsu da yake sake gina irin wannan. Don ƙirƙirar su, ana ɗaukar fitilar tare da paws cikin tarin ɓarna da datti. Kayan kyanwa suna barin gida a cikin 'yan kwanaki, kuma yana da shekaru biyu da wata biyu suka fara kamawa da manya kuma sun fara tashi.
Abin sha'awa, gemu a cikin sababbin tsuntsayen suna madaidaiciya, saboda haka, ba za su iya tace ruwa ba. Iyaye sun isa wurin ceto, waɗanda ke ciyar da kajin tare da abin da ake kira madara tsuntsu har zuwa watanni biyu - asirin ruwa na musamman game da launin ja. Gland shine yake ɓoye ɓoyayyen daga ciki. Abun da ke tattare da asirin ya ƙunshi kitse, furotin, ƙaramin plankton. Guda guda daya kamar yadda a cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa, ciki har da mutane, ke da alhakin samar da "madara".
An kajin sa sun haɗu tare, yayi kama da yadda penguins ke yin shi, kuma a lokaci guda za'a iya samun ɗaruruwan jarirai a ciki.
Yankin sakewa. Zamani na yau da kullun
A ina suke da Flamingos? A Rasha, sananne mai launin ruwan hoda wanda aka sani da kyau fiye da wasu, talakawa ne. Wannan shi ne nau'in jinsin da aka fi sani, banda na guda ɗaya da ke zaune a ƙasa ta tsohuwar USSR - a Kazakhstan. Bugu da kari, duk da cewa Flaingos ba shi da gida a cikin kasarmu, yayin ƙaura yanayi na lokaci suna tashi zuwa cikin Rasha - Dagestan, Yankin Volga, Stavropol da Krasnodar Territories, har ma suna shafar kudancin Siberiya. Gyarawa a cikin waɗannan al takesumma ya faru ne a Afghanistan, Iran, da Azerbaijan.
A ina ne Flaming launin ruwan hoda suke zaune a Turai? Yankunan su suna Kudancin Faransa, Kudancin Spain, a kudu na tsibirin Sardinia. A cikin Afirka, wannan nau'in yana zaune a Maroko, Afirka ta Kudu, Kenya, a cikin Asiya - a kan tafkunan Indiya, Afghanistan.
Flamingo andean
Sun kai ga balaga tun suna shekara 6.A cikin kama 1-2 qwai. Dukansu biyu mace da namiji suna da hannu cikin sanya qwai. Wakilan wannan nau'in galibi suna da wahalar rarrabewa ta hanyar jinsi, kodayake yawanci maza yawanci sun fi girma (kilogiram 2.5-3, mata - 2-2.5). Haɓaka tsuntsaye shine 100-110 cm.
Ana kiyaye fitilar wuta a cikin gidan gwauro na Moscow tare da su masu ruwan hoda. Wakilan nau'ikan nau'ikan suna da abokantaka da juna, amma kada ku kirkiri nau'i-nau'i. Sun yi haihuwar lafiya a cikin bauta kuma suka rayu har zuwa shekaru 40-50.
Smallarami
A ina ne Flamingos ke zama, a wace ƙasa? Wannan nau'in galibi yana rayuwa ne a Afirka. Shine mafi yawa. Waɗannan ƙananan tsuntsaye ne, kawai 80-90 cm tsayi. Gefen sa yana da duhu fiye da sauran nau'in kuma yana da launi mai ƙyamar burgundy. Hakanan an samu halayen bakaken halayen a ƙarshen baki kuma suna nan. Farar faranti a jikinta suna da kyau, sabili da ƙananan ƙananan wuta na iya tace ruwa sosai fiye da sauran nau'in halittu.
Idan ba ku ciyar da ƙaramin ɗan wuta tare da abinci na yau da kullun ba, a cikin bauta shi, kamar sauran nau'in, da sauri za ku fara samun farin launi, ban da halayyar baƙar fata na gashin gashin. Waɗannan tsuntsayen masu iyo ne masu kyau.
Madadin ƙarshe
Don haka, tambaya ta ina fitila mai launin ruwan hoda ke zaune, amsoshin na iya zama daban, saboda ana fentin nau'in waɗannan tsuntsayen cikin wannan launi zuwa mataki ɗaya ko wata. Wataƙila banda keɓance shine jan wuta saboda takamaiman launi. Gabaɗaya, yanki na rarraba wannan dabi'ar ya shafi ƙasashen Kudancin Amurka, Asiya, Kudancin Turai, tsibirin Caribbean, da kuma yankuna daban-daban na Afirka.
Alherin, kyakkyawa, ƙauna ta musamman da alheri - waɗannan kalmomin suna iya kwatanta daidai da sabon abu da tsuntsayen mai haske waɗanda ke zaune a duniyarmu. Flamingo mutum ne mai kyawawan halaye a cikin wakilan ajin sa. Yana da wuya a ga irin wannan kyakkyawar halitta - madaidaiciyar wuya da ƙafar kafafu masu cike da alfarma, ba da daɗewa ba adon wannan tsuntsu ya mai da shi keɓaɓɓiyar halittar da halitta ta halitta.
Bayanin
Wakilin kawai na ƙungiyar masu wasan wuta . An raba damarar zuwa kashi shida:
- Pink (talakawa).
- Onearami.
- Ja (Caribbean).
- Kasar Chilean
- James Flamingo.
- Andean.
Yawan jama'ar da suke raye a yau ya ƙunshi waɗannan nau'ikan shida ne kawai . Tsuntsaye iri ɗaya suna cikin tsari da sifa, amma gwargwadon kasancewarsu ɗayan jinsin na iya samun wasu sifofi dabam. Misali, karamar karamar wasan wuta ita ce mafi kankanta daga dukkan tsuntsayen rayayyun tsuburin. Girma na mutum ya kai santin tara kawai, kuma nauyin yana tsayawa kimanin kilo biyu.
Mafi girman wakilcin wannan tsari shine ruwan hoda ko talakawa, nauyin irin wannan tsuntsu na iya iya kilo kilo huɗu, kuma wannan shine ninki biyu fiye da nauyin karamin wasan wuta. Tsawon wannan nau'in zai iya kaiwa santimita ɗari da arba'in. Kusan koyaushe maza sun fi girma fiye da na mace ɗaya.
Wani fasali na wadannan tsuntsayen shine da tsawon kafafunsu , kuma musamman nisa tsakanin ƙasan ƙafa da yatsunsu. Yatsun yatsun ta kan cinyoyinta suna kallon sama kadan kuma a tsakanin su akwai membranes masu ci gaba na yin iyo. Yanka na baya shine mafi ƙanƙantar kowane kuma ya kasance sama da sauran.
Masana ilimin dabbobi suna lura da cewa wuta a cikin ruwan sanyi sau da yawa zana kafa ɗaya a sama. An yi bayanin wannan halayen ta hanyar kasancewa a ƙafa ɗaya kawai, tsuntsaye suna rage adadin zafin da aka ɓoye saboda kada su daskare.
Tsuntsaye na wannan aji suna sosai mai ban sha'awa da kuma zurfafa tunani a yanayin beak . Daga kashin, sai ya fita a wata kusurwa ta dama, sannan ya durƙusa. Tana da nau'ikan tacewa, wanda ya kunshi faranti na musamman. Tare da shi, flaingos yana tace ruwa don hadiye abinci kawai.
Flamingos sun yi kama da tsuntsaye irin su kututture tare da tsarin ƙwaƙwalwa da musculature. Dogon tsoka da falala na harshen wuta sun hada da shagon sha tara, wanda karshenta wani sashi ne na kashin baya.Kasusuwa na iska suna cikin kasusuwa, wanda ke ba su ƙarfi da haske tare da isasshen kauri thicknessaramin isasshe.
Launi
ya bambanta da fari zuwa ja. Launin gashin fuka-fukan cikin wadannan tsuntsaye ya dogara da tattarawar wani nau'in launi na musamman da ake kira astaxanthin. Wannan launi yana bawa mutum ɗan ƙaramin shuɗi ko ruwan hoda na haske iri iri. Murfin gashin tsuntsu na wani wasan wuta ana rarrabe shi da rashin ingancin sa.
Flaman wasan wuta suna da fuka-fukai masu ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa, amma bayan molt na farko, matasa matasa sukanyi ruri, kamar yadda suke a cikin tsuntsaye manya. Abin sha'awa shine, lokacin da aka yi izgili, sun rasa gashin tsuntsayen su goma sha biyu kuma sun rasa ikon tashi sama da kwanaki goma zuwa ashirin.
Flamingos - Farfin Fwararru Masu Aiki . Fuka fukafukansu ba su da gajarta ga wannan tsohuwar jiki, don haka dole ne tsuntsu ya yi yawan yin ta da su domin ya kasance a cikin iska. Kafin jirgin, suna yin tafiya mai nisa, kuma bayan sun sami saurin gudu ne kaɗai zasu iya cirewa daga ƙasa su tashi. Yayin tashin jirgin, wadannan tsuntsayen suna daidaita madaukakan wuyan su. Suna buɗe kafafunsu suma.
Habitat da salon rayuwa
Flamingos suna da wurare da yawa waɗanda suka fi so su sauka. Ana iya samunsu a Turai da kuma wasu sassan Asiya ,arama, gabashin da yammacin Afirka. Har ila yau Indiya ta shiga mazaunin waɗannan tsuntsayen kyawawa. Kudancin da Tsakiyar Amurka, Florida sune wurare gama gari da harshen wuta ke zama. Faransa, kudancin Spain da Sardinia su ma suna jan hankalin waɗannan tsuntsayen tare da albarkatun ƙasa.
Don rayuwa, ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda ya zaɓi gefen lagoons da wuraren ajiye ruwa daban-daban mai tsayi, yayin da suke rayuwa cikin fakitoci. Wata masarautar zata iya kunshi tsuntsaye sama da dubu ɗari. Flamingos suna da kyau a jure da duka yanayin zafi da ƙananan, saboda haka ana iya samun su har ma a tafkunan dutse. A cikin tafukan da waɗannan tsuntsayen suka zaɓa don rayuwa:
- Ruwan gishiri.
- Kifi baya rayuwa.
- Akwai adadi mai yawa na crustaceans.
Idan tsuntsaye suna buƙatar cire ɓataccen gishirin daga gashin gashinsu ko kuma suna da ƙishirwa, sukan tashi zuwa wani lokaci na ajiyar ruwa ko kuma maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mai tsafta .
Zuwa yau, yawan kumburi yana raguwa cikin hanzari kuma yana iya zuwa kusa da ƙarewa. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa aiki mai karfi na aikin gona a cikin mazaunan waɗannan tsuntsayen yana lalata wuraren da suka dace da harshen wuta. Ba da daɗewa ba wannan na iya haifar da gaskiyar cewa waɗannan kyawawan halittun da kawai ba za su sami wurin zama ba.
Yawancin lokaci ayyukan ɗan adam suna haifar da gaskiyar cewa Wuraren ruwa, waɗanda mazauninsu mazauna ne, ba su da bushewa ko bushewa. A irin waɗannan halayen, tsuntsayen dole su bar wurin da suka saba kuma su shiga neman sabon gida, wanda hakan na iya haifar da komai. Hakanan, ƙaurawar Harshen wuta yana lalacewa ta hanyar gurbata muhalli da ruwan halitta. Maƙiyi sukan jefa ƙwayoyin sunadarai kai tsaye a cikin ruwa ruwa don sauƙaƙar kamun kifi. A halin yanzu, an riga an lissafa Flaming a cikin Littattafai Red na ƙasashe da yawa na duniya kuma suna ƙarƙashin kariyar wakilan dokar.
Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da adadi mai yawa na abokan gaba. . Wadannan sun hada da:
- Jaket.
- Dawakai
- Grey da jan kyar.
- Mikiya da kurai.
Abincin
Tunda Flaingos suna zaune a bakin tekun ramuka iri-iri, ana tilasta musu samun abinci a can suma. A saboda wannan Suna neman ruwa mai kauri kuma suna kaɗa kawunansu cikin ruwa . Ta yin amfani da injin musamman daga farantin ƙaho, suna tace ruwan kuma suna neman abinci a ciki. Sama da begen harshen wuta akwai wani tsari mai kama da iyo. Tare da taimakon sa, wadannan halittu na ban mamaki suna iya riƙe kawunansu a saman ruwa. A wurin, ƙanƙarar wuta tana ɗaukar ɗan ruwa kaɗan a bakinsa kuma ya wuce ta “madogara” ta zahiri. A sakamakon haka, ruwan ya kwarara, kuma plankton da ke zaune a tafkin ya zauna ya je ya ciyar da tsuntsun. Hakanan, 'yan wuta ba su hana kansu jin daɗin ci:
- Daban-daban crustaceans.
- Algae.
- Crustaceans.
- Kwayoyin cuta.
- Tsutsotsi.
Abin takaici, ruwan hoda mai ƙoshin wuta yakan nemi abinci koyaushe, ba tare da lokaci ba. Wato, waɗannan tsuntsayen da rana kuma, a cikin duhu, suna aiki don neman abinci. Musamman lokaci mai yawa ana ciyarwa akan wannan yayin ciyar da kajin, saboda suna buƙatar cikakken abinci mai bambancin abinci don girma da ƙarfi da sauri.
A cikin fassarar da aka yarda da gabaɗaya, kulawa tsari ne na matakan da ke ba da cikakkiyar sabis ga mutum, gami da ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau da halaye a gare shi.
Kulawa da marasa lafiyar gado a gida: samfuran kulawa da abubuwa, dokoki
Rayuwa & Halayyar zamantakewa
Flamingo ana saninsa da ayyukan rana, da dare waɗannan tsuntsayen suna bacci.
Flamingos cikakkun tsuntsayen mulkin mallaka ne: suna da gida kuma suna ciyar da babban rukuni. Nisan dake tsakanin nesan da ciyawar ko sanya hutawa zai iya zama 'yan santimita kawai. A kan tsuntsaye nesting kare kawai da gida kanta.
Tsakanin tsuntsayen da ke zaune a wannan “mazaunin” gida, ana ganin hulɗa da ke kama da “jayayya” lokaci-lokaci: harshen wuta yana farawa da ƙarfi, suna tsaye a gaban juna da gashin fuka-fukai. "Jayayya" ta tsaya kwatsam kamar yadda suka fara, tsuntsayen suna ci gaba da zama a wuraren da suke ci gaba da aikata abin da suke so.
Lokacin da garken ya ciyar ko ya huta, tsuntsaye kowannensu suna kan tsaro, wanda ke ba da damar garken gaba ɗaya don guje wa haɗari a lokaci. Flamingos ya sha wahala sosai har ba daga masu hasashen ba, amma daga yanayin yanayi (fari, ambaliyar ruwa) da kuma tsarin da ba a iya hango yanayin iskar ruwa ba.
A arewacin yankin da yaduwar Flamingos ƙaura ne. Babban sashi na masu noman Kazakh a cikin filayen Krasnovodsk da Kyzylagach, kuma wasu tsuntsaye sukan tashi zuwa Iran don hunturu.
Abinci da tsarin abinci
Tushen ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda yana dauke da kananan crustacean jajayen fata da kuma qwai. Bugu da kari, masu amfani da fulawa a jikin wasu nau'ikan crustaceans, har da mollus, kwari larvae, da tsutsotsi. Suna neman abinci a yankuna marassa tushe. Flamingos na iya ciyar da kandami iri ɗaya a inda suke, amma idan ba a sami abinci kaɗan ba, za su iya yin jirgin sama mai zurfi zuwa wuraren kiwo a kowace rana (na 30-40 har ma kilomita 50-60).
Bayan sun shiga cikin ruwa, tsuntsayen nan sukan fadi ƙafafunsu, suna ɗan girgiza kaɗan, sannan su tace wannan dakatarwar da gemu. Yayin da suke ciyar da ruwa mara zurfi, tsuntsaye suna saukar da kawunansu domin beak ya kasance ƙarƙashin saman ruwa, gefenta kuma yana samansa. Juyar da kan sa a fuskoki daban daban, da kuma amfani da harshen sa kamar fistin, fashin wuta yana tace ruwa da karkatarwa. A cikin zurfin zurfafa, daukacin kai, wani lokacin kuma wuyan zuwa kafadu, yana nutsar da ruwa.
Suna shan fulawa a cikin ruwa da kuma ruwa mai tsafta a lokacin ruwan sama, suna jigilar ruwan da ke gudana a ruɓa.
Primary:
Flamingo babban tsuntsu ne mai kyawawan launuka masu ruwan hoda, ko kuma jan fuka-fukai, kuma sanannu ga dogayen kafafunsa da kuma dogon baki mai tsayi.
Babban flamingo a tsakanin - Pink ruwan wuta - Ya kai mita 1.2-1.5 a tsayi kuma yana da girman kilogram 3.5. Karamin harshen wuta - Flaman ƙaramar wuta - kawai kadan fiye da mita 0.8, nauyinsa yana da nauyin kilogram 2.5.
Flaming ruwan hoda suna da gashin furen yayin da Karen Caribbean sanannen su da ruwan hoda mai haske, kusan gashin fuka-fuka.
Flamingos ta fito ne daga tsohuwar halittar tsirrai, magabatansu, masu kama da nau'in zamani, sun rayu akan sararin duniya tuni shekaru miliyan 30 da suka gabata, a cewar Smithsonian National Zoo.
Bambancin launin ruwan hoda na flaingos ya dogara da abincin da suke ci. Suna ciyar da algae da jatan lande da ke da alade. carotenoids (Waɗannan launuka ne masu ba da ruwan zaƙi), wanda yayin narkewar ya koma launin ja.
Yayin cin abinci, harshen wuta ya sauka da kawunansu a karkashin ruwa, zana ruwa a gishiyoyinsu, rage abincin abinci da suke ci, ruwa kuma yana fita ta bakin sa.Karamin abu, kamar masu gyara gashi suna taimakawa matattakalar abinci da saki ruwa. Studyaya daga cikin binciken ya nuna cewa iyoɗaɗɗen ruwa na musamman da ke tallafawa shugaban tsuntsu ya ba shi damar ciyar da shi ta hanyar juyar da kai da riƙe shi a saman ruwa.
Dogon kafafun Flase yana taimaka musu suyi tafiya tare da ƙasan ko da a wani babban zurfin ne ake bincika abinci, wanda yake basu wasu fa'idodi akan sauran tsuntsayen.
Flamingos sune tsuntsayen zamantakewa waɗanda suke rayuwa cikin rukuni daban-daban. Suna tattara cikin garkuna idan sun tashi daga wuri zuwa wuri, kuma sun fi so su zauna cikin ƙungiyoyi yayin da suke cikin ƙasa. Flamingos kuma yana da tsawa da karar ihu.
Waɗannan tsuntsayen sun san yadda ake tashi, amma don ɗauka daga ƙasa, suna buƙatar ɗan gudu. Yayin jirgin, suna yin doguwar wuyansu da kafafunsu a madaidaiciya layi.
Flamingos an ƙirƙira ta ma'aurata a lokacin matsewa, amma ana samun wasu abokan tarayya a kakar mai zuwa. Mace da namiji suna gina gida tare. Mace ta sanya kwai ɗaya kacal a cikin kakar, wanda iyayen biyu ke kiyaye shi. Bayan da karen ya tsallake, iyayen biyu suma suna da alhakin sa kuma suna ciyar da shi.
Gefen gida yawanci ana gina shi da laka kuma yana da tsayin kusan mita 0.3. Tsawon yana ba ku damar kare shi daga ambaliyar ruwa da ƙasa mai zafi sosai. Bayan kyankyasar, kajin yana da gashinsa, launin toka mai ruwan hoda da kafafu. Basu iya mallakar halayyar launuka masu ruwan hoda har zuwa shekaru 2.
Bayan kyankyasar, kajin na ci gaba da zama a mazaunin har tsawon kwanaki 5-12, ana ciyar da su da abu mai kitse tare da abubuwan gina jiki da ake samarwa a ɓangarorin sama na narkewa na iyaye. Lokacin da gidan ya girma, yakan fara ciyar da kanshi tare da babban rukuni na tsuntsayen da ake kira "komin dabbobi".
Flamingos suna da abokan gaba kawai. A cikin daji, suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 20-30, suna rayuwa a cikin bauta fiye da shekaru 30.
Jinsuna, mazauna da rayuwa
A dabi'a, akwai irin waɗannan nau'ikan harshen wuta kamar:
- James Flalin (yana zaune a Peru, Chile, Argentina da Bolivia),
- harshen wuta na yau da kullun (yana zaune a yankuna na Kudancin Eurasia da kuma a Afirka),
- ja wasan wuta (wanda aka samo a Kudancin Amurka, tsibirin Galapagos da kuma kusa da tsibirin Caribbean),
- Andean flamingo (yana zaune a wuri guda kamar yadda James ya kunna),
- karamin wasan wuta (yana zaune a Afirka, Kudancin India da gabashin Pakistan),
- Flaming na kasar Chile (wanda aka samo a kudu maso yamma na Kudancin Amurka).
Wadannan dabbobin kyawawan dabbobin suna zaune ne kawai a cikin manyan yankuna, wuraren da aka fi so sune lagoons da ƙananan ramuka. Gabaɗaya, Flaming tsuntsaye ne masu ɗumbin ƙarfi, suna iya jure waɗannan yanayin yanayin da wasu nau'in tsuntsayen basa iya yi. Misali, wata masarauta zata iya zama kusa da gishiri mai zurfin gaske ko kuma tsaunukan tsauni, kuma, bugu da kari, tsuntsaye sun sami damar daidaitawa da yanayin dumin yanayi a zazzabi.
Rayuwa ta zama ta shuru, ban da ruwan hoda, masu tsuntsayen ƙaura.
Tarihin rayuwar zoo
Flamingos ana wakilta a cikin tarin gidajen dabbobi na duniya sosai - tsuntsu yana da kyau, bayani, kuma yana da sauki a kiyaye. A cikin tarihin Zoo na Moscow, kusan sun kasance koyaushe. Yawancin Flaingos akan nunin ja sunyi ja. Pinkan ƙaramin ruwan hoda - Waɗannan su ne tsofaffin tsuntsaye waɗanda suka isa gidan dabbobi kafin sake gina 90s. A cikin gidan ajiyar dabbobi, ana sa fitilar ruwan hoda tare da masu jan launi. Tsuntsayen nau'ikan nau'ikan ba sa rikici, amma ba sa samar da nau'i-nau'i.
Abincin ƙamshin wuta ya ƙunshi iyakar da za mu iya ba su. Wannan shi ne karas grated, kifi minced, gammarus bushe, na musamman babban furotin abinci tare da zama dole bitamin da ma'adanai. Duk wannan abincin an zuba shi da ruwa, kuma daga wannan ruwan cakuda ruwan tsuntsaye suna fitar da abin da suke buƙata. Muna ba da abincin ruwa sau ɗaya a rana, kuma ana samun bushewar fili koyaushe.A cikin gidan zu, ba shi yiwuwa a samar da abu guda na carotenoids a cikin abinci kamar yadda suke cinyewa a yanayi, saboda haka muna ƙara carotene abinci a cikin abincin su.
Rashin wahala a cikin abun da ke kunshe a cikin harshen wuta shine zabin abinci - ta yadda ya daidaita bitamin da abubuwan gina jiki.
A lokacin rani, ana ajiye fitilar a cikin wani matattarar falon a kan babban tafkin, a cikin hunturu - a cikin ɗakin dumi kusa da wannan aviary, inda ake ganin su sarai a bayan gilashin. Muna canja tsuntsaye zuwa daki mai dumi a yanayin zafi kusa da sifili - lokacin da sanyi ya fara dare.
Ofaya daga cikin kyawawan tsuntsayen duniya shine harshen wuta. Wannan tsuntsu yana da siririn jiki, doguwa mai tsawo, mai tsayi, babba, kuma bebe daga tsakiya ya durƙusa a wani kusurwa na 90. Tana da tsayi, siriri, kafafu mai bakin ciki tare da gajerun yatsunsu, wadanda membranes suke hade da su. Haɓakar wannan tsuntsu ya kai 1.3 m.
Flamingo plumage yana da kyau sosai tare da tintaccen ruwan hoda mai laushi. Amma wannan tsuntsu yana da gashin fuka-fukai mai ruwan hoda ba daga dabi'a ba. Tana samun wannan launi daga abinci - ƙananan algae kore. A lokacin narkewa, waɗannan algae suna ruwan hoda. Baya ga algae, Flamingos suna ciyar da kananan dabbobi na ruwa, tsutsotsi, ƙananan kifi, bawo, kuma kada ku raina tushen tsire-tsire masu ruwa.
Samun abinci don kansa, Flamingos suna tafiya cikin ruwa mara zurfi. A lokaci guda, yana jingina da wuya har ya yanke beak cikin ruwa. Wannan tsuntsu yana shirya manyan kuyukanta a cikin ruwa, cikin wurare marasa ƙarfi. A cikinsu, tsuntsu yana sanya qwai - galibi daya zuwa uku. Tsuntsaye manya da kajin sun yi saurin jure yanayin zazzabi.
Flamingos sau da yawa dauka "ballet" shirya kai. Zasu iya ban mamaki da mamaki ko kuma su daure shi a kulli. Yayin hutawa, harshen wuta yana lulluɓe kansa a bayansa ko a ƙarƙashin gashin fuka-fukan a kafada, yayin da yake matsa ƙafa ɗaya a jikin sa. A wannan matsayin, wannan tsuntsu yana bacci. Lokacin da hatsari ya faru, sai a kunna wuta nan take. Kuma maharbi kawai bashi da lokacin da za'a kwace shi.
Kowa ya san game da wanzuwar waɗannan kyawawan tsuntsayen, manya da yara. Amma ba kowa bane ya gan su suna zaune a gidan zoo, har ma da ƙarancin daji. A ina suke da Flamingos? Menene mazaunin su? Me suke ci? Menene nau'ikan nau'ikan juna? Talifin zai amsa waɗannan tambayoyin.
Menene tushen abinci mai ƙoshin abinci?
Abinda aka fi so daga cikin waɗannan tsuntsayen sune larvae, tsutsotsi, ƙananan crustaceans, algae da mollusks. Abin lura ne cewa ana samun launin ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan wuta saboda crustaceans da aka ci kuma suke ɗauke da carotenoid.
Gabaɗaya, ana ciyar da harshen wuta a cikin ruwa mara zurfi. A saman befen tsuntsu akwai wani abu mai kama da “kan ruwa”. Wannan "karbuwa" tana ba wa tsuntsu damar na dogon lokaci, ba tare da ƙoƙari mai yawa ba, don riƙe kansa a saman ruwa. Samun abinci shine kamar haka: tsuntsun yana jan ruwa da yawa a bakinsa, yana rufe shi kuma da taimakon “tace” ta musamman an tura ruwan, sai kuma hadiye ruwa a ciki.
Flamingos - watakila ma'ab ofcin ɗaukan haske daga ɗaukacin tsuntsaye
Yaya kamarsa?
Flamingo tsuntsu ne, taƙaitaccen bayanin abin da zaku samu a wannan labarin. Ganinsa sau ɗaya, ba za ku iya rikitar da ita da wani ba. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da kafafu. Haka kuma, wuya yakan gaji, kuma sukan sa kawunansu a jiki don su huta don tsoka. Babban beak ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin keratinized. An tanƙwara saboda ya dace a gare su su kama abinci daga ruwa. Wani fasalin fasalin tsarin na baka na harshen wuta shine cewa kashin saman sama na hannu ne, bawai na baya ba. Flamingo tsuntsu ne wanda ya kai tsayi 90 zuwa 135 cm kuma yana da fikafikanti wanda ya kai santimita 140-165. Maza sun fi girma fiye da mace. Abubuwan da ba a iya mantawa da su ba suna barin gashin launi. Musamman kyau shine ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. Tsuntsu wanda waƙoƙi da waƙoƙi suke sadaukar da su. Launin gashin gashinta ya dogara da abincin da take ci. Ana bayar da launi mai ruwan hoda ta carotenoids wanda ke ƙunshe cikin ƙananan crustaceans.Duk yadda tsuntsu ya ci su, to launinsa zai yi kyau sosai.
Yadda ake cin abinci?
An daidaita tsarin Fina-Finan musamman don rayuwar da tsuntsu ke jagoranta. tare da membranes suna girgiza ƙasa da ƙasa da ruwa daga abin da take ciyarwa. Wani katako mai taushi ya tace ruwan, don wannan akwai laushin kasusuwa a gefunanta. Flamingo tsuntsu ce wanda ke cin abinci kaɗan, kuma don kada ya hadiye ruwa mai yawa, yana tacewa, sakamakon wanda ruwan da aka tattara a baki ya zube kuma abincin ya ci gaba. Don samun abinci, sai ta saukar da kanta gaba ɗaya cikin ruwa. Abin sha'awa, ana cin abinci na wuta a tsohuwar Roma. Miyar daga gareta ana ɗaukar abincinta. Amma wannan sashin na jijiyoyin jiki yana taimaka wa tsuntsaye suyi ruwa a bakinsu. Me 'yan wuta ke ci? Amsar mai sauki ce - duk abin da ya shiga cikin bakinsu. Bayan haka, ba su da damar tofa abin da ba sa so. Sabili da haka, a cikin ciki suna samun silt, ƙananan kifi, ƙananan ɓawon burodi, da mollusks. Flamingo tsuntsu ne wanda ke rayuwa cikin gungun. Amma yayin cin abinci, za ta kare yankinta da ƙarfi.
An bayyana asirin
Wakilan dangin flamingo suna da sauran sifofin. Misali, suna son tsayawa a kafa daya. Haka kuma, an lura cewa suna yin hakan a ruwa. Masana kimiyya sun kiyasta cewa tsawon lokacin tsayawar a kan kafa ɗaya na iya yin kamar awa ɗaya. Tabbas, kun yi mamakin dalilin da yasa wannan matsayin yake jan ruwa zuwa ruwa. Abinda shine cewa ta wannan hanyar tsuntsaye suna inganta yanayin jikinsu. A cikin sharuddan masu sauki, suna danna dijital don ci gaba da dumi. Ba shi da sauƙi tsayawa a cikin ruwan sanyi na dogon lokaci. Suna tashi da ƙafafunsu sama sama, kuma cikin gudu suna yin sautuna da kama da ƙishin Goose. Flamingo kyakkyawan tsuntsu ne. Rukunin waɗannan halittun, wanda ya ƙunshi dubunnan mutane, suna da ban mamaki. Amma Flamingos sun taru don kada su nuna.
Lokaci don kiwo
A cikin babban yanki yana da sauƙi a gargaɗin juna game da bayyanar maƙiyin da kuma neman abokin rayuwa. Abin ban sha'awa, a cikin babban garken, tsuntsaye suna kiwon mafi kyau. Flamingos yana jan hankalin mace ta hanyar motsi. Idan mace ta sami sha'awar, sai ta fara maimaita motsi don namiji. Flamingos ana iya ɗauka a matsayin samfurin aminci. Bayan haka, waɗannan tsuntsayen suna haifar da ma'aura ɗaya don rayuwa kuma suna haɓaka kaji. Yayin balaguro, manya kan taru kusa da asalin wani ruwa mai tsafta. Sun fara motsi na al'adarsu, suna ƙoƙarin nuna girman da kyau na rukiyya. Flamingos yadawo da kuma shimfiɗa fikafikan su kuma ƙoƙarin taɓawa da gemu da fikafikan tsuntsayen sauran tsuntsayen tsaye. Masana kimiyya sun lura cewa maza da mata suna yin wannan. Haka kuma, mai lura daga gefe bazai iya tantance jinsi na tsuntsaye ba. Bayan duk wannan, suna da launi iri ɗaya. Mata suna maimaita motsi ga maza. Idan ma'auratan suna son juna, to mace ta fara ƙaura daga ƙungiyar, tana ci gaba da yin motsi waɗanda ke jan hankalin namiji. Namiji zai fara juyawa ya bi uwargidan zuciyarsa don ci gaba da tseren.
Gidan mallaka
Flamingos na iya haifan kowane lokaci na shekara. Kodayake sun fi son yin shi a farkon bazara. A wannan lokacin, ruwan yana da zafi, kuma akwai ƙarin damar ƙirƙirar gida don samun abinci. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna gina gida daga yumɓu. Tsaunin tudu ne wanda ke baƙin ciki a tsakiya wanda mace zata sanya ƙwai. Don yin zuriyar dabbobi, Flamingos suna amfani da twigs, gashinsa da ganye. Mace ta sanya kwai ɗaya na fari mai launi. Dukkanin abokan haɗin suna aiki a cikin shiryawa. Idan ɗayansu ya hau kan gida, ɗayan yana samun abinci don kansa. Ana haihuwar kaji a cikin kwanaki 28-32. Kuma duk da cewa an haifi jarirai masu furfura da idansu a buɗe, ba za su iya ciyar da kansu ba kuma ba za su iya tashiwa ba. A cikin gida, kajin sune kwanaki 5-8. Saurayi sun yi hulɗa tare da '' '' '' 'wasu mazaunan. Iyaye sun bambanta zuriyarsu ta hanyar sauti. An samar da wannan ta hanyar inzali na halitta mai ban sha'awa.Gaskiyar ita ce ƙananan tsuntsaye sun fara yin sauti yayin da suke cikin kwai. Iyaye sun saba da su kuma su san yaran lokacin da aka haife su.
Wannan ba labari bane.
Amma kajin suna gane iyayensu da muryar da suke ji a nesa da nisan mita 100. Suna zuwa wurinsu, suna kama kira na musamman. Ba al'ada bane ga masu amfani da fulawa don ciyar da kajin baƙi. Idan iyaye basu aikata wannan ba, to jariri zai mutu saboda yunwar. Ya bayyana cewa madarar tsuntsaye ba almara ba ce. Wannan tare da wannan abin sha ne ake ciyar da kawunansu. Haka kuma, yana da kama sosai da kayan aiki ga mutum, kuma ana samarwa da godiya ga kwayar halittar hormone. Kajin kawai, ba shakka, ba sa cin abinci kamar yara masu shayarwa. Madara ta Bird an sami sirrinta ta wani sirri na musamman wanda aka samo a cikin beak na tsuntsu mazan. Abin lura shi ne cewa ba fararen fata ba ne, amma ja. Tare tare da shi, alamu na farko sun fara shiga jikin kajin, wanda ya yiwa gashinsa launi a ruwan hoda.
Dabaru:
Wurin haifuwar Flaming shine Arewa da Kudancin Amurka, Afirka da Asiya. Burbushin halitta ya nuna cewa sun kasance gama gari a wurare da yawa, ciki har da Arewacin Amurka, Turai, da Ostiraliya.
Kawa suna zaune a Afirka, kudanci Turai da kudu maso yamma Asia. Kananan flaingos wanda aka samo a Afirka da arewacin sassan yankin ƙasar Indiya. Flaming na Chilean samu a kudu maso yammacin Kudancin Amurka. Karen Caribbean ana iya samunsa a cikin Caribbean, a arewacin Kudancin Amurka, a kan tsibirin Mexico na Yucatan da tsibirin Galapagos. Peru, Chile, Bolivia da Argentina suna zaune Andean harshen wuta da James harshen wuta.
Wadannan tsuntsayen sun gwammace su zauna kusa da ƙananan tafkuna masu gishiri, a lagoons, bakin ruwa da kusa da kewayen.
Dole ne ya sami ceto
Ee, Flamingo tsuntsu ne .. Littafin Lissafi game da wanda, rashin alheri, tuni ya riga ya shiga shafin. A zamanin yau, ana gwagwarmaya don kiyaye su. Wanene ya kamata a kiyaye waɗannan halittu? A cikin mazauninsu na halitta, suna da abokan gaba - mafarauta, waɗanda ba kawai ganima ga manya ba, har ma suna lalata ƙwai. Kuma wannan ba kawai dawakai, badakala, dawakai, bahorai, boars daji, harma da tururuwa na Turkawa, da kuma kayan zaki. Hakanan abokin gaba da Flamingos mutum ne. Yana cin ƙwai da naman waɗannan kyawawan tsuntsayen. Kuma yana amfani da gashin fuka-fukai waɗanda suke da sabon launi.
Flamingo tsuntsu ne, taƙaitaccen bayanin wanda kuka samo a wannan labarin. Ina so in ambaci cewa a cikin asalinsu akwai wasu jinsuna shida waɗanda ke da ɗan bambancin juna. Andean flamingo yana da tsayi da santimita 120 da kuma farin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda mai fikafikai fuka-fuki. Yana da paws na rawaya. Flamingos suna da jan launi, dukda cewa yana iya zama ruwan hoda mai haske. Pink Flamingo shine mafi girma a tsakanin takwarorinta. Tsayinsa na iya zama santimita 135. Gashin tsuntsaye masu launin shuɗi ne. Fuka-fukan suna ja da gashin fuka-fukan baƙar fata. Ingoan wasan ƙanƙara na ƙanƙara yana da ɗan haɓaka, kusan 90 santimita kawai. Gashin tsuntsaye masu haske ne ko ruwan hoda mai duhu. Siffar baki yana da ƙananan bambance-bambance. Flaming na James kusan iri daya ne da launi, amma yana da baki mai haske mai haske tare da baki.
Anan ga shi, tsuntsu mai cin wuta. Bayani ga yara za a iya ɗan sauƙaƙawa. Amma dole ne su koya game da ɗayan mafi yawan a duniyarmu, kuma me yasa yana da irin wannan launi.
Flamingos ɗayan manyan tsuntsaye ne masu ban mamaki da rikice-rikice. A bangare guda, jikinsu ba daidai bane: gajarta jiki, doguwar wuyansa, kafaffun kafaffun kafaffun, karamin kai da baki baki mai yaudaran juna ne. A gefe guda, irin wannan rarrabawar tana da ban mamaki da juna kuma harshen wuta ya zama mai daidaitawa tare da alheri da kuma kyakkyawan kyakkyawa.
Ja, ko Caribbean flamingos (Phoenicopterus ruber).
A duban farko, harshen wuta na tuno da tsuntsayen tururuwa - daskararru, herons, cranes - amma basu da alaƙa da ɗayan waɗannan nau'in. Mafi kusancin dangin Flaingos sune ... banal geese.A baya can, har ma an sanya fitilar a cikin jerin Anseriformes, amma daga baya an sanya su zuwa ga wani tsari na Flamingo daban, wanda ke da nau'ikan 6 kawai. Dukkanin mambobin tawagar sune tsuntsaye masu matsakaici wanda ke nauyin kilogram da dama. Wani fasali na jikin flaingos sune dogaye kafafu da wuya, ya zama dole don motsi a cikin sassan jikin ruwa. Flamingo paws sune Goose-kamar. Babban beke na harshen wuta, kamar dai an karye ne a tsakiya, shima yayi kama da goro, gefenta ana alakanta su da ƙananan cloves. Wadannan Cloves suna samar da na'urar tantancewa wanda wutar tamola take samun abinci.
Thewanƙwasa gefen bakin sa na wuta yana aiki da ka'idodin whalebone.
Duk nau'ikan harshen wuta suna da launi iri ɗaya daga launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda zuwa zane mai haske. Flamingos sune mazaunan tropics na hali, amma wasu nau'in zasu iya jure sanyi. Don haka, nau'in Flaingos na Kudancin Amurka suna mamaye tsaunukan Andes, inda sanyi ba sabon abu bane. Harshen ruwan hoda ko ƙanƙan wuta na yau da kullun suna zaune a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi kuma har ma a kudu na yankuna masu ƙarfi, a cikin arewacin yankin, waɗannan tsuntsayen suna ƙaura. Akwai lokuta lokacin da Flamingos na bazata ya tashi har zuwa Estonia yayin jirgin. Duk nau'ikan harshen wutar suna rayuwa ne a gabar da keɓaɓɓun ruwa, kuma masu fashin wuta sun fi son jikin ruwa tare da gishiri mai yawa. Irin waɗannan halayen suna faruwa ne saboda yanayin abinci. Flamingos ana amfani da shi ta hanyar ƙananan crustaceans da algae microscopic, masu arziki a cikin batun canza launi - carotenoids. Ba a samun waɗannan kwayoyin a cikin ruwa mai tsarkak ,wa, sabili da haka, a cikin neman abinci, ana tilasta masu amfani da harshen wuta don mamaye wurare masu tsauri. A cikin wasu tafkuna na Afirka wanda Flaingos ke rayuwa, ruwa yana alkaline wanda zai iya lalata nama mai rai. Flamingos suna rayuwa a cikin irin wannan wuraren rami saboda m fata mai rufe kafafu na tsuntsaye, amma tare da ƙananan lalacewa, kumburi ya faru, wanda zai iya kawo ƙarshen mummunan ga tsuntsu. Af, flamingos bashi wadannan crustaceans kyakkyawan kyakkyawan launi mai launi: aladu sun tara a cikin gashin fuka-fuka kuma suna ba su ruwan hoda ko launin shuɗi. Lokacin da aka sa shi a gidan zuzzurfan, Flamingos zai rasa launi na tsawon lokaci kuma ya zama fari. Don adana fitowar su mai ban sha'awa, abubuwa masu launi, kamar jan barkono, ana ƙara wa abincin tsuntsu. Irin waɗannan tsuntsayen "wucin gadi" ana iya gane su ta fuskokin fuka-fukai masu ja-lemo.
All Flaingos tsuntsaye ne masu iyo, suna zaune a babban gungu na wasu mutane da yawa. Neman abinci, Flaming suna buga tare a cikin garken mai yawa kuma tare suna tafiya cikin ruwa mara zurfi, suna motsa ruwan tare da ƙafafunsu. A lokaci guda, sukan saukar da baki a cikin ruwa su tace halittun da suke ci a ciki.
Flaman ƙaramar wuta (Phoeniconaias ƙanana) suna ciyar da tafkin Nakuru na Afirka.
Flamingos suna barci daidai cikin ruwa mara zurfi, suna tsaye a cikin ruwa. Flamingos tashi da kyau, amma dauke-off (kamar tsuntsayen da yawa) suna da alaƙa da wasu matsaloli.
Na farko, Fulawa ya warwatse cikin farauta, sannan da wata fikafikan fuka-fukai sai su hau sama, suna ci gaba don wasu ƙarin lokacin don daidaita abubuwan paws ɗin ta hanyar inertia. Flamingos tashi tare da mai shimfiɗa wuya da kafafu.
Fuskokin Chilean (Phoenicopterus chilensis) a cikin jirgin.
Yanayin wadannan tsuntsayen suna da kwanciyar hankali, da wuya su shiga fada da juna. A lokacin tarawar, Flaingos suna shirya raye-raye na “bikin aure”. Suna haɗuwa cikin babban rukuni kuma mince a cikin ruwa mara ƙanƙanci a cikin ƙananan matakai, tare da rakiyar ƙwanƙwasa tare da gurnataccen baƙar fata.
Harshen dabbar ta hanyar canjin yanayin kowane nau'in ita ce James flamingo (Phoenicoparrus jamesi).
Flamingos kuma yana da nisha nisha a nisan nisan 0,5 - 1 daga junan ku, kuna zaban wannan wuraren mara iyaka - tsibiri, rairayin bakin teku da wurare masu nisa. Gidajen Flamingo suna kama da sabon abu - sun kasance matsotsin kamanni ne har zuwa 70 cm tsayi, an gyara daga silt da laka.
Flamingos a kan ciyayi.
A saman irin wannan tsaye akwai tire tare da ƙwai. Irin waɗannan nunin tsuntsayen an gina su ne don kare shawo kan ruwan tafkin gishiri.Flamingos basu da wadataccen abinci kuma a cikin ɗayan juji ɗaya suke da ƙwai 1-3 kawai. Duk iyayen sun saka su bijirewa.Kajin na Flamingo sun fi ban mamaki. A cikin kwanakin farko na rayuwa, suna kama da yara masu reno saboda basa zama kamar iyayensu. Kajin an rufe su da fararen fata, kafafunsu gajere ne, gemunsu kuma cikakke ne! Ta yaya mutum ba zai iya tunawa game da dangi tare da geese! Ana haihuwar kaji da isasshen ci gaba, amma kwanakin farko sun fara kyan gani a cikin gida. Iyaye suna ciyar da su da wani nau'in "madara mai tsuntsu" - burp na musamman daga goiter na launin ruwan hoda mai laushi.
Flamingo tana ciyar da karen.
Bayan makonni biyu, kukan kajin sun fara lanƙwasa kuma a hankali suna canzawa zuwa ciyar da kansu, amma na dogon lokaci suna ƙarƙashin kulawar manya. A lokaci guda, kajin sun bata, kuma yawancin tsuntsayen manya sun tsare su, bayan wani lokaci sai “masu tsaro” suka canza. Yaran dabbobi har yanzu dole suyi tafiya "mummunar ducklings" tare da datti mai launin toka, saboda Flamin ya isa ga balaga ne kawai da shekaru 3-5.
Rayuwar wasan wuta yana cike da hatsarori. Saboda yanayin ilimin halayyar su, waɗannan tsuntsayen sukan sami rauni, rauni a cikin yanayin kusan sun kusan lalacewa. Kusan duk masu farautar gida suna farautowa a kan harshen wuta - daga dodoniya da dawa zuwa kwari da dawakai. Wani mutum ne kawai ta hanyar wasu mu'ujiza ya zagaya wannan tsuntsu tare da kallonsa. Amma mutane suna sha'awar kullun saboda bayyanar waɗannan tsuntsayen, saboda kyawun su sunyi ƙoƙarin buɗe duk wuraren buɗe dabbobi, amma ba su zama mazaunan gidaje ba. Wadannan tsuntsayen kusa-ruwa suna buƙatar a kiyaye su a ƙarƙashin yanayi na musamman, kuma kiwo zai yiwu ne kawai idan aka kiyaye su cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi.
Sunan Rasha - Pink (talakawa) harshen wuta
Sunan Latin - Phoenicopterus fureus
Sunan Turanci - Babban wasan wuta
Class - Tsuntsaye (Aves)
Kamewa - Flamingo (Phoenicopteriformes)
Iyali - Flaming (Phoenicopteridae)
Kyau - Flamingos (Phoenicopterus)
Har zuwa kwanan nan, ana daukar launin ruwan hoda da jan launin fenti iri ɗaya; a halin yanzu, an rarrabe su a matsayin jinsin masu zaman kansu.
Matsayi na Tsaro:
M Damuwa: Pink Flamingo, Flamingo na Caribbean
Kasancewa cikin jihar kusa da barazanar: Flamingo ta Chile, Flamingo ƙanƙanta, James Flamingo
Mai cutarwa: Andean harshen wuta
Yawan al'ummar Andean na wasan wuta yana raguwa sosai sakamakon rashin asara da ingancin muhalli.
A Gabashin Afirka, ana hada fagen wasan wuta a cikin manyan garken - mutane sama da miliyan, suna kafa garken tsuntsaye mafi girma a duniya.
Daga cikin dukkanin abubuwan wasan wuta, ean wasan Flameo kawai yana da kafafu masu launin rawaya.
Romawa ta d highly a sun yaba da harshen harshen wuta a matsayin mai ci. Hakanan kwai na Flamingo suna ciyarwa a sassa daban daban na duniya.
Har yanzu dai ba a san dalilin da ya sa wutar ta tsaya a kafa daya ba. Dangane da fasalin daya, sun cire kafa daya daga ruwan sanyi, wanda yake taimaka musu ajiyar wuta. A lokacin hutawa, sau da yawa suna lanƙwasa ƙafa ɗaya, wanda a gare su da alama suna da daɗi.
"Tsuntsu mai ban mamaki," - wannan shine yadda matafiya na Rasha Grigory Karelin, wanda yayi nazarin yanayin Kazakhstan a cikin karni na 19, yayi magana game da jan-goron (harshen wuta). "A bayyanar, daidai yake tsakanin tsuntsaye wanda rakumi ya kasance a cikin ƙafafun huɗu," Karelin yayi bayanin tunaninsa.
Halin hali da salon rayuwa
Flamingos sune tsuntsayen marasa kyau, suna yawo daga ruwa mara zurfi daga safiya zuwa dare don neman abinci da lokaci-lokaci suna hutawa. Suna sadarwa tare da taimakon sauti don tunawa da jigon geese, kawai ya fi ƙarfin magana da ƙarfi. Da dare, ana jin muryar harshen wuta kamar muryar kakaki.
Tare da barazanar da maƙiyin ko mutum a cikin jirgin ruwa zai iya zama, garken ya fara komawa gefe, sannan kuma ya hau sama. Gaskiya ne, hanzari yana da wahala - kimanin mita biyar tsuntsu ke gudana a cikin ruwa mara zurfi, yana buɗe fikafikan sa, kuma tuni ya fara ƙaruwa, yana ɗaukar ƙarin "matakai" a saman ruwan.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Idan ka kalli garken daga ƙasa, da alama cewa giciye suna tashi a sararin sama - a cikin iska, harshen wuta yana taɗa wuyansu a gaba yana daidaita ƙafafunsu.
Ana kuma kwatanta Flaming Flying kamar wutar lantarki, wanda hanyoyin sadarwarsa ke haskaka da launin ja, sannan ya fita, yana nuna mai kallo launuka masu duhu na rudi. Flamingos, akasin ƙawatarsu ta gargajiya, na iya rayuwa cikin yanayin da ke ɓacin ran wasu dabbobi, alal misali, kusa da tafkin gishiri / alkaline.
Babu kifi, amma da yawa ƙananan crustaceans (brine jatan lande) - babban abincin Flaingos. M fata a kafafu da kuma ziyartar sabo ruwa, inda Flamingos kashe kashe gishiri da quench ƙishirwa, ajiye tsuntsaye daga m yanayin. Hakanan im ba tare da
Tsaye a kafa ɗaya
Ba Flamingos ne ya zo da wannan masaniyar ba - da yawa tsuntsaye masu tsayi (da suka hada da tarko) suna yin tsayawa akan kafa ɗaya don rage asarar zafi a yanayin iska.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Hujjar cewa tsuntsun da sauri tayi sanyi shine ta zargi kafafunta masu dogon zango, ana hana ta ajiye girki kusan a saman. Abin da ya sa ake tilasta ƙonewa don ɗaure da ɗumi ɗaya kafa ko ɗayan.
Daga gefen babban motsi kamar ba shi da daɗi, amma ƙwallon da kansa ba ya jin wata damuwa ba kwata-kwata. Lokaci mai goyan baya yana ci gaba har abada ba tare da aikace-aikacen kowane ƙarfin tsoka ba, tunda ba ya lanƙwasa saboda wani nau'in kayan aikin mutum na musamman.
Kayan aiki ɗaya suke aiki lokacin da ƙwanƙolin wuta ya hau kan reshe: jijiyoyin akan ƙafafun da aka lanƙwasa suna tilasta yatsunsu don ɗaure reshe da ƙarfi. Idan tsuntsu ya yi barci, “kama” ɗin bai yi rauni ba, yana hana shi faɗuwa daga bishiya.
Habitat, mazauni
Flamingos ana samun su a yawancin wurare a wurare masu zafi da kuma yankunan ƙasa:
- Nahiyar Afirka
- Na Asiya
- Amurka (Tsakiya da Ta Kudu),
- Kudancin Turai.
Don haka, yawancin larduna da ke amfani da harshen wuta ana iya ganinsu a kudancin Faransa, Spain da Sardinia. Duk da cewa ikon mallakar tsuntsaye sau da dama yakai dubunnan harshen wuta, amma babu wani nau'in halittar da zaiyi girman kai. Nesting na faruwa daban, a wasu wurare a wasu lokutan namu nisan kilomita kilomita baya .
Flamingos yawanci suna sauka a bakin rafin gishiya mara zurfi ko kuma a kan ƙananan zurfin teku, suna ƙoƙarin su zauna cikin shimfidar wurare. Suna da shimfidar duka a manyan layukan tuddai (Andes) da kuma a cikin filayen (Kazakhstan). Tsuntsaye gabaɗaya suna da yanayin rayuwa (galibi kuma sun ɓace) salon rayuwa. Kawai yawan mutanen da ke amfani da harshen Flameos da ke rayuwa a cikin kasashen arewacin sun yi ƙaura.
Flamingo mazaunin
Za'a iya samun harshen wuta a sassa daban daban na duniya. Da yawa suna ɗokin sanin inda fitilar take zaune. Ana iya samun su a Afirka, a kudu maso yamma Asia. Wannan tsuntsu yana zaune ne a Kudancin Turai - a Faransa, a Sardinia, Spain. Wuraren da Flaingos ke rayuwa koyaushe suna jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido.
Hakanan, ana iya samun tsuntsaye a cikin irin waɗannan ƙasashen Afirka kamar Maroko, Tunusiya, Mauritania, Kenya, Cape Verde. Suna zaune a kudanci Afghanistan, arewa-maso-yammacin India, Sri Lanka. A kann manyan tafkuna na Kazakhstan, waɗannan tsuntsayen kuma suna da lada.
A ina kuke da Flamingos a Rasha? Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa a cikin ƙasa na tsuntsayen Tarayyar Rasha ba su da mazauni, amma a wasu lokuta sukan yi ƙaura tare da bakin kogunan kudu. Don haka, a wasu lokuta ana iya ganin su a Volga kuma kusa da wasu jikin ruwa mai gudana na yankunan Krasnodar da Stavropol. Wasu lokuta sukan tashi zuwa Siberiya, Yakutia, Primorye, Urals, amma a lokacin dumama. Suna zuwa hunturu a cikin Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Iran.
Flamingos sune tsuntsaye na zamantakewa, suna zaune a cikin yankuna masu lambobi daban-daban. Don tashi, suna tattara cikin garkuna, kuma tuni sun kasance ƙasa tare cikin rukuni-rukuni. Mahalli da suka fi so sune tafkuna masu gishiri, tafkunan teku, tekuna, da ruwa mara zurfi. Mafi yawancin lokuta suna yawo cikin manyan kungiyoyi a wurare tare da laka na ƙasa. Wasu yan mulkin mallaka na wuta masu ruwan hoda suna da dubunnan dubbai.
Wadannan tsuntsayen da aka zaunar, suna yawo ne kawai don neman wuraren zama tare da isasshen abinci. Fl arellightsn ana yin sa ne kawai ta wakilan jama'ar arewacin.
Yanayin rayuwa na Flaingos a cikin kasashe daban-daban sun sha bamban. Tsuntsayen suna da matukar wuya.Wuraren da suka fi so sune gishiyoyin tafki da alkaline, inda akwai wadataccen crustaceans. Irin waɗannan jikin ruwa galibi ana samunsu a tsaunuka. Tsuntsaye suna tsayawa kullun a cikin ruwan gishiri kuma basa jin rashin damuwa saboda yawan fatar kan kafafunsu. Don shayar da ƙishirwarsu, wani lokacin sukan tashi zuwa maɓuɓɓugan ruwa. Flamingos suna tsaye a cikin ruwa.
Ta yaya Flamingos ke gina mazauni?
Bambanci da ɗaukar lokaci lokaci ne na gina gidaje. Don ƙirƙirar Flamingos, ana yin gine-ginen conical a cikin ruwa mai zurfi daga ɓoye da yumbu, kama da ƙananan motsi kusan santimita 60. Dukansu mace da namiji suna cikin aikin. Ba su sa ƙwai da yawa, galibi a cikin ɓoye na guda 2-3. Iyaye suna yiwa kajin tsintsaye tsawon kwanaki talatin. Chickks ƙyanƙyashe shi ne mai zaman kanta da aiki. A cikin 'yan kwanaki, sai su zama cikakkun membobin mulkin mallaka.
Iyaye suna ciyar da karen tare da madarar tsuntsaye na musamman, wanda aka kafa a sashinsu na sama na esophagus. Wannan madara kuma tana da launin ruwan hoda. An samar dashi ba ta hanyar mata kawai ba, har ma da maza. Chedwararrun kajin an rufe su da farin farin ruwa, wanda daga baya ya juya launin toka. Da farko dai, 'ya' yan suna fada a cikin wani nau'in kindergarten, a cikinsu akwai ma masu ilimi. Iyaye suna aiki don neman abinci a wannan lokacin. A cikin irin wannan komin dabbobi na iya zama har zuwa cubs 200. Iyaye sun san yaran ta hanyar murya. A nasu, 'Ya'yan sun fara cin abinci bayan wata biyu, lokacin da beak yayi girma. A watanni uku, matasa masu wasan wuta sun riga sun yi kama da manyan tsuntsaye.
Iri Flamingos
A halin yanzu an san wasu nau'ikan biyar. Flamingos suna zaune a tsibiran da ke Caribbean da kuma Galapagos. Launin rigar su na iya isa zuwa shuɗi mai haske da ruwan hoda mai haske.
Dwarf ko ƙananan harshen wuta suna zaune kusa da gabar Tekun Bahar Rum, da kuma wuraren da ke kusa da tafkunan gishirin Kenya da Tanzania. Tsawon jikinsu ya kai kawai cm 80. Babban a cikin Andes akwai layukan gishiri inda Flamingos ke zaune. Filayensu fari fari-ruwan hoda, mara laushi koda yaushe. A Bolivia da kuma a arewacin Argentina, akwai wuya James Flaingos zaune. Suna ciyar da diatoms. A Kudancin Amurka, zaku iya ganin harshen faransa. Fuka-fukan waɗannan tsuntsayen suna da ja mai haske.
Mai haɗarin rayuwa na harshen wuta a cikin daji
Barazanar yanayi na Flamingos sune mafarauta: dawakai, dawakai, kyarkeci. Hakanan wani hatsari ga mazaunan ƙasar yana wakilta ta tsuntsayen da ke cin zali, alal misali, kamar gaggafa. Jin hadarin, Flaming tashi daga nesa. Don sharewa, suna buƙatar jigilar gudu, wanda zasu iya aiwatar da duka a ruwa da kan ƙasa. Tunda ana gudanar da wasan wuta a kungiyoyi, yana da wahala mafarauta su zabi takamaiman abin da ya kama, kuma fikafikan motley yana hana su maida hankali. A cikin daji, tsuntsaye suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 30, a cikin bauta - har zuwa 40.
- Kakannin Flaingos sun rayu akan duniyar shekaru miliyan 30 da suka gabata.
- Abubuwan hawa na tsuntsaye na iya zama ruwan hoda ba kawai ba, amma kuma ja har ma da rasberi.
- Don kwashewa, suna gudana a cikin ruwa mai mita 5-6.
- A cikin jirgin, suna ɗaukar kamannin gicciye, suna miƙe ƙafa da wuyansa.
- Iyaye na gaba suna zaune a kan gida inda ƙafafunsu suka ɗaure, suka tashi daga shi, suna hutawa beak a ƙasa.
Kariya iri daban-daban na harshen wuta
Dangane da batun kashe-kashe da ayyukan tattalin arziki na mutane, yawan mutanen duniya na masu kashe wutar wuta ya ragu sosai. A cikin Littafin Layi na Duniya, har yanzu suna da matsayin "Least damuwa". Wasu nau'ikan halittu sun daɗe suna ɗaukarsu cewa an ƙare su. Don haka, an samo James Flaingos ne a cikin 1957 kawai. Yawancin ƙasashe na duniya sun shiga cikin harshen wuta a cikin Litattafansu Red.
Juyoloji na zama
Yawan jama'a masu launin ruwan wuta masu launin ruwan hoda suna rayuwa ne a Afirka da Indiya. Hakanan, ana iya samun waɗannan tsuntsayen a Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Russia, Spain, Southern Faransa, Iran. Don mazaunin su, harshen wuta masu launin ruwan hoda suna zaɓar ƙananan hanyoyin ruwan tekun, ko ƙananan tafkunan gishiri.
Pink flaingos na neman abinci.
Pink flaingos a cikin jirgin.