Cichlazoma layin tamanin
Oda, dangi: cyclic.
M ruwa mai sanyi: 22-25 ° C.
Ph: 6,8-7,5.
Rashin adalci: m 50%.
Karfinsu: ana iya kiyaye shi kawai tare da sauran cichlids, tare da yanayin guda ɗaya.
Lura: bisa hukuma, da tuni nau'in “Cichlazoma” - gabaɗaya, a zahiri, ba ya wanzu. Dukkansu an “firgita” zuwa ga halittu daban-daban =) Misali, tare da cichlazoma mai launin fata-baki - gabaɗaya mai gadi! Yanzu tana Cryptocheros, har ma wani lokacin Archocentrus da Amatitlania. Kuma cichlazoma lu'u-lu'u (tsohon Cichlasoma cyanoguttatum) yanzu kullun yafi Herichthis carpintis. Wani lokaci!
Kuma ƙarin cikakkun bayanai, nan da nan kawar da rudani lu'u lu'u lu'u tare da raka'a takwas. Ba a kira layin 'layin caca-takwas' (octofasciatum) "kudan zuma" daidai. Tana da yanci kawai lokacin ƙuruciya. "Kudan zuma" daidai ne baƙar fata-cichlazoma (Nigrofasciatum) - wanda duk rayuwa (a cikin ta asali - ba zaɓi ake zaɓar ba) - launin toka tare da ratsin baƙar fata. Kuma lu'u-lu'u (cyanoguttatum) ba a kwace kwata-kwata. Tsoffin layin takwas da lu'u-lu'u suna da kama sosai. Kuma a cikin ƙuruciya, layin nan takwas sun yi kama da layin baƙi (amma sai - sabanin su - ya zama shuɗi-kore).
Mahalli shine yankin kogin Amazon. Cichlazoma masu layi takwas, har da cichlomas masu yawa, suna da kyau. Haka kuma ana kiranta cichloma kudan zuma. Kifin yana da matsakaici a girma, ya kai har cm 21 a tsayi. Jikin ya kasance mai tsawo, an lullube shi da wani haske mai cike da haske game da yanayin launin farar fata. Ya danganta da jin daɗin jin daɗi da kifayen kifin, suna iya canza hasken launi. A ko'ina cikin jikin, akwai layin tsaye 8 na tsaye.
Cichlazoma layin tamanin
Maza suna da yawan faffada tare da daskararren ƙoda da ƙashin baya. Mata sun kasance ƙanana da duhu a launi
Cichlazoma layin tamanin
Ciyar da kifin kifaye ya kamata ya zama daidai: daidaita, bambance bambancen. Wannan ka'ida ta asali ita ce mabuɗin don nasarar cin nasarar kowane kifi, ya kasance ko cukurkuɗe ko sararin samaniya. Mataki na ashirin da "Yaya kuma nawa don ciyar da kifin kifaye" yayi Magana game da wannan dalla-dalla, yana shimfida mahimman ka'idodin tsarin abinci da tsarin ciyar da kifi.
Hoton Cichlazoma kudan zuma
A cikin wannan labarin, mun lura da mafi mahimmancin abu - ciyar da kifin bai kamata ya zama ruwan dare ba, duka bushe da abinci mai rai ya kamata a haɗa su cikin abincin. Bugu da kari, yana da buqatar yin la’akari da fifikon gastronomic na wani kifi kuma, ya danganta da wannan, ya qunshi cikin abincinsa tare da ko da sinadarin furotin mafi girma ko akasin kayan abinci.
Shahararren sanannen sanannen abinci don kifi, ba shakka, abinci ne bushe. Misali, kowane sa'a kuma ko'ina zaka iya samu akan akwatin akwatin kifayen ciyar da kamfanin Tetra - shugaban kasuwar Rasha, a zahiri batun samar da abincin wannan kamfani abun mamaki ne. Etraarfin “gastronomic arsenal” ya haɗa da ciyarwar mutum don wani nau'in kifin: na kifin gwal, ga cichlids, don loricaria, guppies, labyrinths, ƙanshi, tattauna, da sauransu. Tetra kuma ya haɓaka ciyarwar musamman, alal misali, don haɓaka launi, mai ƙarfi ko don ciyar da soya. Cikakken bayani akan duk abubuwan ciyarwar Tetra, zaku iya samu akan shafin yanar gizon official na kamfanin - nan.
Ya kamata a lura cewa lokacin sayen kowane busasshen abinci, ya kamata ku kula da kwanan watan da aka ƙirƙira shi da rayuwar shiryayye, ƙoƙari kada ku sayi abinci ta hanyar nauyi, kuma ku adana abinci a cikin rufaffiyar jihar - wannan zai taimaka don guje wa ci gaban pathogenic flora a ciki.
Don samun zuriya daga ƙudan zuma cichlazoma, Na dasa 6-10 toya a cikin akwatin ruwa na 100, lokacin da suka girma kuma suka haɗu, Na zaɓi mafi kyau.
Mako guda kafin fadan da ake zargi, zazzage ruwan ya zama sau biyu a ° 2 C, sannan a hankali ya tashi zuwa 27 ° C. Yawancin lokaci wannan ya isa don motsa jiki. A cikin akwatin kifaye dole ne ya kasance rabin tukunyar filawa, kwakwa mai kwalliya, bututun yumbu ko dutse mai laushi. Bayan kifar da kyan gani zuwa wani wuri, kifin ya fara share shi. Kwana kafin tsagewa, wani ovipositor mai dauke da kaya takwas ya bayyana a cikin cichloma mace.
Abinci yana faruwa da sassafe. Ya danganta da girman da shekarun masu samarwa, kamawar na iya ƙunsar daga ƙwai 500 zuwa 1000. Bayan tsagewa, an haɗa kusan mil 1 na methylene blue a cikin ruwa. Bayan sa'o'i 5-6, qwai marasa amfani, za a cire su a hankali domin caviar lafiya ba ya tabarbarewa. Kada ku damu idan farkon kama ya zama fari - galibi yakan kasance ba tare da an sanya shi ba. Wata daya zai wuce kuma kifayen zai sake yin yaushi.
Hoton Cichlazoma kudan zuma
Guda takwas-cichlazomas suna kula da iyaye, mace da namiji suna ɗaukar nauyinsu. A wannan lokacin, ya kamata a ciyar dasu sosai a hankali kuma yakamata a wanke abincin da kyau, kuma a cikin akwatin kifaye, saka ƙarin haske da dare.
A zazzabi na 27 ° C, larvae ya bayyana a rana ta uku. Matar ta shigar da su cikin bakin ta kuma tana tura su zuwa wani rami da aka haƙa a cikin ƙasa, amma idan babu ƙasa, ana amfani da mafaka - matattarar yumɓun ko tukunyar da ta fashe. Bayan kwana hu u, jakar gwaiduwa ta yanke shawara a cikin larvae kuma suka fara ciyar da kansu. Abincin da ya fara shine ƙura mai rai, ciliates, salina artemia, ƙananan cyclops, abincin da aka ƙera don kifi na yara. Venian matan sun girma da sauri, amma ba a daidaita ba, saboda haka dole ne a ware kowane wata.
Dukkan abubuwan da ke sama sune kawai 'ya'yan itacen lura da wannan nau'in kifin kifayen da tattara bayanai daban-daban daga masu mallaka da masu shayarwa. Muna son raba tare da baƙi ba kawai bayani ba, har ma motsin rai, yana ba ku damar cikewa da zurfin shiga cikin duniyar akwatin kifaye. Yi rajista https://fanfishka.ru/forum/, shiga cikin tattaunawar kan tattaunawar, ƙirƙirar batutuwa na musamman inda zaku fara tattaunawa ta farko game da dabbobinku, bayyana halayensu, ɗabi'unsu da abubuwan da suke ciki, raba nasarar ku da farin ciki tare da mu, raba abubuwan kwarewa da koyo daga wasu. Muna da sha'awar kowane bangare na kwarewarku, kowane sakanku na farin ciki, kowane wayewa game da kuskure wanda ya sa ya yiwu abokan aikinku su guji kuskure iri ɗaya. Duk yadda muke, da tsarkakakkun tsarkakakkun abubuwan alheri suna cikin rayuwa da rayuwar al'ummarmu biliyan biliyan bakwai.
Takwas cinelazoma ko bidiyo mai kudan zuma
Rayuwa cikin yanayi
An bayyana farkon cichlazoma mai layi huɗu a cikin 1903. Tana zaune a Arewa da Tsakiyar Amurka: Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras.
Tana zaune a cikin tabkuna, tafkuna da sauran jikin ruwa tare da rauni mai gudana ko ruwa mara kyau, inda take zaune a tsakanin wuraren da aka rufe, tare da kasan yashi ko siliki.
Tana ciyar da tsutsotsi, larvae, da ƙananan kifi.
Bayanin
Sunan Turanci mai ban sha'awa game da wannan cichlazoma shine Jack Dempsey, gaskiyar ita ce lokacin da ta fara fitowa a cikin kifayen mai son, yana da alama ga kowane mutum mai kifi mai aiki da ƙarfi, kuma ana kiran shi da sunan ɗan damben dambe, Jack Dempsey.
Tabbas, kifin da ba shi da kwanciyar hankali, amma dangane da azabtarwa ba shi da ƙasa da iri ɗaya na Managuan cichlasts, ko cichlomas lu'u-lu'u.
Ichan layin ɗin guda takwas yana da wadataccen jiki, mai ɗaukar nauyi, tare da ƙararran tsararraki da ƙoshin baya. Waɗannan manyan cichlids masu girma ne, waɗanda zasu iya girma zuwa 20-25 cm a cikin akwatin kifaye, kuma suna rayuwa kimanin shekaru 15.
Cichlazoma biocellatum na jima'i da kyakkyawa yana da kyau, tare da raɗaɗin duhu wanda ya buge da ratsin baƙi da kuma shuɗi shuɗi da shuɗi. A cikin maza, farjin da ƙyallen baya sun fi ƙarfin girma da daurewa da jan launi. Mata suna da karancin maki a jiki, kuma akwai tabo duhu akan murfin gill.
Venian wasan barkwanci suna da launuka masu yawa, launin shuɗi a cikin launi tare da adadin adadin walƙiya. Karkashin wahala, layin takwas yayi matukar kyau, canza launi mai duhu zuwa haske mai launin toka sannan kuma yawan adadin walikann shi ma ya ragu sosai.
Gabatarwa
Cichlazoma mai rijiyoyi takwas masu kyau suna da kyau a ɗauke shi ɗayan kyawawan cichlids na Amurka.
Sunansa a Latin shi ne Cichlasoma octofasciatum ko ocofasciata Rocio. Wasarshen bambance-bambancen sunan sun ba shi wannan kifi daga masanin ilimin kimiyyar halittar Juanthmitmit-Soto, wanda ya gudanar da cikakken nazarin wannan cichlasoma a 2007. Kalmar Rocio tana fassara shi azaman "raɓa" (wasu furuci da yawa akan jikin kifin suna tunatar da ita), kuma octofasciata yana nufin "layin takwas".
A karo na farko, Charles Regan ya bayyana cenloma-layin guda takwas kuma mai suna Heros octofasciatus. An gabatar da bayani game da kifin bisa ga samfurin binciken da aka kama a shekarar 1866 a cikin karamar karamar rivulet ta kasar Mexico. Bayan ɗan lokaci, Regan ya sake bincika wani kifi, wanda ya kira Cichlasoma biocellatum. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da wannan sunan don nufin cichlase-bee, kodayake wata halitta ce gaba ɗaya.
Wannan kifin ya zo kasashen Turai a farkon karni na 20 (a cikin 1904), an shigo da wannan yankin ƙasarmu ne a cikin 1958.
Cichlazoma mai layi takwas, kifi ne mai matsakaici, a cikin daji yana girma har zuwa 25 cm a tsayi, samfuran akwatin kifayen sun ƙanƙanta - daga 10 zuwa 14 cm kawai. Kifin yana da goshi mai tsayi da goge baki da ƙashin baya. Bayan shekara ta farko ta rayuwa, jikin waɗannan cichlases ya sami launi mai haske mai kyau, wacce take ɗora cikin launuka daban-daban dangane da hasken wutar lantarki - launi da sikeli zai iya zama shuɗi, shunayya, kore, launin ruwan hoda ko shunayya.
Tare da kyakkyawar kulawa, cichlazoma mai layi huɗu ya na zaune a cikin akwatin gidan su na kimanin shekaru 10. A cikin mafi yawan lokuta, waɗannan cichlomas suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 13-14
Bukatun akwatin kifaye
Don adana nau'i biyu na cichlases, ana buƙatar akwatin gidan ruwa na lita 60 ko fiye. Idan kuna shirin gudanar da akwatin kifaye tare da nau'ikan kifaye, yana da kyau ku sayi akwatin kifaye na lita 100-200. Kyakkyawan zaɓi zai zama babban ƙarfin rectangular siffar. Kodin cichlases suna da hankali ga abun da ke ciki na ruwa, don haka dole ne a shigar da matatar waje mai ƙarfi a cikin akwatin kifaye. Don wadatar da yanayin ruwa tare da oxygen, an sanya kwampreso a cikin tafki na wucin gadi.
Bukatun ruwa
A akwatin kifayen tare da layin cichlazomas takwas masu cike da ruwa mai tsaka-tsaka mai tsayi da tsaka tsaki na tsaka tsaki. Yanayin zafin jiki na yanayin ruwa don abubuwan da kifayen ke ciki yakamata su kasance cikin kewayon daga 24 zuwa 26. Ana bada shawara don maye gurbin ¼ yawan ruwa.
Tsarin ruwa
Cichlazoma yana da matukar saurin kamuwa da sinadaran ruwa, musammam ga matakin ammoniya. Tsarin nitrate yakamata ya zama kadan, sabili da haka, baza'a iya rarraba inji mai inganci tare da shi ba. M shigarwa na tsarin aeration: kifi bai kamata fuskantar ƙarancin iska ba.
Canza ruwa a cikin akwatin kifin sau da yawa yadda ya kamata, a farkon watanni bayan ƙaddamar da akwatin kifaye, zai fi dacewa sau 3-4 a mako. Aya bisa huɗu na ƙarar ruwa yana canzawa. Sabon ruwan da aka shirya don sauyawa ya kamata ya tsawan kwanaki 2.
Mafi kyawun ma'aunin ruwa:
- acidity - 7 pH,
- tsaurin - 10 - 13 °,
- zazzabi - daga +24 zuwa + 26 ° C.
Kasar bukatun
An sanya yashi mai laushi ko dutse mai gurnani a ƙasan akwatin kifaye tare da ƙirar cichlases takwas. Tsikhlazoma-bee, kamar yawancin wakilan wannan dabi'ar, suna son su shiga cikin ƙasa, su tsara komai yadda ya dace. Barbashi na kasar gona ya zama mai nauyi saboda cewa turbidity da yawa ba ya samar a cikin akwatin kifaye, kuma ba tare da sasanninta mai kaifi, don kada cutar da kifin.
Don kayan ado na akwatin kifaye, an zaɓi algae tare da tsarin tushen mai ƙarfi don kada kudan zuma su ja. A bu mai kyau a dasa su cikin tukwane. Garkunan an yi su da manyan duwatsu da kuma snags - wannan zai taimaka wajen guje wa yaƙe-yaƙe ƙasa tsakanin waɗannan cichlases da sauran mazaunan cikin akwatin kifaye.
Ta yaya za a ciyar da makwanni-ɗiya takwas?
A cikin daji, biocelatums sune kaddara. A cikin akwatin kifayen gidansu, abinci mafi yawanci ana amfani dasu don abincin su: jatan lande, zubar jini, tubule. Abun kayan lambu ma yana da m - ana ba kifi yankakken letas, kabeji, Dandelions (ganye yana narkewa da ruwan zãfi kafin ciyarwa) da oatmeal.
An ba da shawara don ciyar da cichlids mai ƙasa takwas sau ɗaya a rana don hana overfeeding. Wasu masana sun ba da shawarar a ciyar da waɗannan kifin baki ɗaya sau ɗaya a mako: ranar azumi ba za ta cutar da komai ba, amma yana iya haifar da cin ƙananan maƙwabta a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Takwas-Banded Cichlas karfinsu
Lokacin zabar maƙwabta don hanyar rago-layin takwas, yakamata a yi la’akari da yanayin tsinkayensu da kuma mummunar dabi'a. Duk wani ƙarami da ke zaune a cikin akwatin kifaye za a ɗauke shi cichlazoma-ƙudan zuma a matsayin abinci mai rai kuma ku ci shi.
Mafi kyawun duka, layin cichlazomas mai layi guda takwas tare da wakilan nau'ikansu da nau'ikansu. Lokaci na haɗin haɗin abubuwan waɗannan cichlases da catfish an san su. Amma tsakanin irin wannan rikici na makwabta mai yiwuwa ne akan yankin.
Yaya ake bambance tsakanin mace da namiji?
Bambance-bambancen jima'i tsakanin cenlomas masu layi takwas. A cikin maza na wannan jijiyoyin, ƙwayoyin farin ciki da ƙyallen fitsari suna da tsawo; Namiji, a matsayinka na mai mulki, ya fi girma fiye da mace kuma yana da launi mai kyau, a tsakiyar jiki akwai launuka masu duhu iri iri. A cikin mace, irin waɗannan shimfidar wuraren suna kasancewa a kan ƙarshen wutsiya, dige masu duhu masu ƙanana kaɗan suna kan gindin murfin gill.
Kiwo cichlases-layin takwas
Sake yin layin cichlases masu layi takwas ba su da wahala musamman. A karkashin yanayin rayuwa, waɗannan kifayen sun kai ga balaga cikin watanni 12 na rayuwa. Samfuran na akwatin kifaye a wasu lokuta na iya zuwa kamar farkon watanni 6. Daga farkon shekarunsa, nau'ikan kifayen da ke tsiro a cikin garken waɗannan kifin.
Kafin kiwo, launi na namiji ya zama mai haske - jan baki da ƙashin ƙyallen da duhu duhu a tsakiyar jiki suna bayyane. A wannan lokacin, zafin ma'auratan yana ƙaruwa - iyaye na gaba suna shiri don kare caviar da soya. Ganin wannan gaskiyar, wasu suna ba da shawarar sanya ma'aurata a cikin wani akwatin katange don keɓaɓɓe.
Spawning yana cike da tsaftataccen ruwa tare da sigogi masu dadi. Idan ana sa ran spain a cikin babban akwatin ruwa, maye gurbin ½ girma na ruwa da ruwa mai tsafta. Don haɓaka haifuwa, yawan zafin jiki na matsakaici mai haɓaka ya karu zuwa digiri 28.
Kafin tsallakewa, ma'auratan suna wanke tsaftataccen dutse, wanda mace tayi awon gaba dashi. Domin tanada daya, mace na samar da kwayoyi ne daga 500 zuwa 1000, amma kuma masarautar ba ta cika yin aiki da ita ba.
Cichlazomas mai ƙasa takwas kula da masonry, bar iska ta shiga ƙwai ƙwai. Larvae na mace ya bayyana a bakin kuma ya canza zuwa mafaka da aka yi da dutse da algae.
Nan da nan bayan bayyanar larvae na biocellatums, suna ciyar da mai mai narkewa wanda aka ɓoye fatar jikin mace.
Bayan kwanaki 4 ko 5, larvae ya zama soya ya fara iyo da kansa. Daga wannan lokaci, ana ba su ƙura mai rai, artemia nauplii, da kuma gwaiduwa ƙwai na ƙwai.
Cututtuka na cichlosis
Cichlomas takwas sun bambanta ta hanyar kyakkyawan tsari da juriya ga cuta, wanda shine halayen dukkan wakilan kwayoyin. Dalilin lalacewar yanayin waɗannan kifayen kuskure ne yawanci cikin kulawa ko rashin bin ka'idodin tsarewa.
Yayi zafi sosai (kasa da digiri 24) na iya haifar ichthyophthyroidism. Mara lafiya cichlazoma kudan zuma itches a ƙasa, mutum zai iya lura da matsawa daga fin fintes. A farfajiya na jikin mutum da ƙyallinsu suna bayyana ƙananan hatsi na fararen launi, masu kama da Semolina.
A farkon alamun cutar, ƙara yawan zafin jiki na ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye kuma ƙara haɓaka. Za'a iya maganin cutar a wani matakin cigaba mai ma'ana tare da magani.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa
- Hanyar takwas-cichlazoma tana da matukar tayar da hankali ga makwabta a cikin akwatin kifayen da masoya kifin Amurkawa ke ba shi lakabi da Jack Dempsey (Jack Dempsey) - wannan shine sunan shahararren dan dambe.
- Cichlomas mai ƙasa takwas masu ƙima ne a cikin yanayi.Lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da su cikin sabon akwatin kifaye, suna ba da iyakar ƙasar kamar yadda suka ga ya dace kuma suna iya yin watsi da mafaka da kofofin da maigidan ya gina musu.
Cichlazoma-Tsararru Ciki - Yin lalata da Jima'i
Maza kashi takwas-layin cichlazoma sunfi girma fiye da mace, sun fi tsayi, lobastier da launuka masu haske. Jikinsu ya kusan gama rufe da sikeli. Wata alamar da ke ba da damar bambanta mace daga namiji ita ce kasancewar aiyukan tabo a ɓangaren ƙananan murfin fata, namiji ba shi da irin waɗannan aibobi. Wannan halayyar bata bada damar dari bisa dari ba, tunda wasu mata basa iya samun irin wannan siraran, kuma akasin haka, suna iya bayyana a wasu maza yayin tsufa.
Hanya mafi dacewa don tantance jima'i shine sifar papilla, a cikin namiji tana da siffar abu mai lankwashewa a gaba, a cikin mace kuma tana kama da wata madaidaiciyar rufaffiyar rubewa. Abin takaici, wannan alamar tana aiki ne jim kadan kafin ta yanke jiki.
Lokacin sayen ƙananan yara, ya kamata a haifa a hankali cewa yana da shekaru 3-4 watanni, mace na iya zama gaban maza masu girma. Don haka, dogaro da wannan cutar shima ba shi da daraja. Amma halayen maza sun sha banban da halayen mata. Yankin ƙasa yana ba su matsala tun suna ƙuruciya, suna kare matsugunirsu daga wasu soya, kuma, saboda girman tasirinsu, launin maza yakan fi duhu fiye da na mata.
A cikin samari, ana iya rarrabe jima'i da siffar ƙarshen dorsal, a cikin maza an nuna shi, a cikin mata ƙarshensa yana da sifa mai zagaye. Tare da shekaru, mata ma sun zama masu saurin muni.
A tsari, matasa matasa zasu iya rayuwa cikin ruwa mai kazanta (daga ra'ayi na ammonium da nitrite) ba tare da sakamako mai bayyane ba, amma yawan rayuwarsu yana ragu sosai. A cikin mafi kyawun yanayi takwas cnelomas na iya rayuwa a cikin akwatin kifaye har zuwa shekaru 10 ko sama da haka.
Bugu da ƙari ga ruwa mara inganci, abubuwan kamar ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki, ƙarancin ruwa-ruwa, yawan shakatawa da damuwa suna shafar yiwuwar rayuwar cichlases.
Yawancin jagororin akwatin kifaye don adana takwas-layin cichlase Zazzabi da aka bada shawarar ruwa daga 22 zuwa 30 ° C. A zahiri, lokacin da ruwan zafin jiki ya faɗi ƙasa da 24 ° C, kifayen suna ƙoƙarin kasancewa kusa da injin. Sabili da haka, a aikace, ya kamata ku yi daidai da yawan zafin jiki na 25-27 ° C. Iyakar babba ita ce 31 ° C.
Hardarfin ruwa na iya kasancewa daga 5 zuwa 30 dH, kuma pH na 7.0-8.5.
Rikici takwas-layin cichlase zuwa babban adadin ya dogara da girman tanki a cikinsu. Don haka, a cikin aquariums har zuwa 250 lita, ma'aurata da suka manyanta, tare da banbanci masu banbanci, ba za su yi haƙuri da kowane yanki ba, tare da yiwuwar banda nau'in kifayen locticaria da wasu wakilan ƙananan nau'in kifi. Don haka samun shiri don tururi takwas-layin cichlase zai iya doke har ya mutu har ma da maƙwabta waɗanda suka fi su girma a cikin girman, alal misali, irin su 'yan saman jannati da cichlazomas na lu'u-lu'u.
A cikin wadatattun wurare na ruwa, takaddama tsakanin wakilan mata da maza suna da yuwuwa sosai, kuma mace galibi ita ce mai fara rikici, duk da asarar fili a cikin nau'in nauyi. Kuma idan namiji bai dauki wannan kalubalen da muhimmanci ba, to yawanci mace mai iko a wasu lokuta kanada damar tambayar basuda matsala. Idan kuwa ta kasance ta gaske ne, to a wannan yanayin, mace ba ta da kyau. Iyakar abin da za a ce don ta ceci rayuwarta ita ce ta tura ta cikin wani akwatin ruwa.
A cikin akwatin da yake ƙasa da lita 300, ana bada shawara daga lokaci zuwa lokaci don ware masu samarwa daga juna. Za'a iya yin la'akari da yanayin tsarewa na yau da kullun wanda a ciki ana kiyaye watanni 3-6 tare, kuma watanni 1.5-3 baya. A cikin babban akwatin kifaye, ba za a iya raba ma'aurata ba, idan ya cancanta, mace na iya iyo zuwa ƙarshen ƙarshen tanki, namiji yawanci ba ya bi ta. Nisantar abokan zama yana da amfani ga wani dalili, zai iya rage yawan bata gari, tunda yawancinsu suna cutar kifi, musamman ga mata.
Mai yiwuwa abun ciki takwas-layin cichlase haila, namiji daya da mata dayawa. A wannan yanayin, yana iya ɗaukar biyun yana kulawa da kowannen su. A lokacin da ake tara-maza tare mace ba tare da mace ba, daga baya basa yawan nuna adawa da juna, duk da cewa banda ake iya yiwuwa, tunda da yawa ya dogara da yanayin wani mutum ne.
A cikin kwantena mai fili takwas cnelomas aggressarancin ƙarfi da tashin hankali fiye da ƙananan kima, sabili da haka ya zama mai yiwuwa a ɗaukar su da sauran cichlids na gwargwado. Amma kamar yadda al'adar ke nunawa, zai fi kyau a daina yin wannan, tunda kasancewar wasu nau'ikan suna nuna ƙyamar ƙudan zuma, togiya ita ce halin da ake ciki lokacin da aka haɓaka su da wasu nau'in halittu.
Ya kamata ku kiyaye ƙudan zuma tare da ƙananan nau'in kifaye, saboda ƙarshen za'a ci shi ba da dadewa ba.
Akwatin kifaye takwas cnelomas ba sa cin abinci, amma za su iya tumɓuke su idan har ya zamar musu cewa suna girma ne a wurin da bai dace ba daga ra'ayinsu. Saboda haka, yana da kyawawa don amfani da nau'in tsire-tsire mai rarrafe kuma dasa su cikin kwantena daban.
Yin fitar da akwatin kifaye wajibi ne don tuna game da tsari na mafaka. Esudan zuma ba sa son haske mai haske, yana nuna matsakaicin aiki a yamma.
Abincin abinci
Takwas-Band Cichlazoma 'yan farauta da dabi'a. A cikin yanayin halitta, babban abincinsa shine ƙananan kifi da invertebrates daban-daban. A cikin akwatin kifayen, ya kamata ku manne da irin abincin da ake ci. Amma ga kyautata jin daɗin kifi a cikin menu ya kamata a ƙara ciyar da asalin asalin.
Amma ga abinci mai bushe, ɗayansu za'a iya bada shawarar ga waɗanda ke da spirulina a cikin abun da ke ciki. Idan babu abinci mai rai da daskararre don kifin kifaye, ana iya amfani da abincin teku iri-iri, kamar shrimp, mussel, squid, octopus, da gwangwani koren tsiran kore a matsayin kayan shuka.
Ciyar da manya ya kamata ya zama matsakaici, ba fiye da sau ɗaya a rana ba. Bugu da kari, yana da amfani a shirya musu azumin na sati daya a gare su.
Shayar da layin cichlases sau takwas a cikin akwatin kifaye
Esudan zuma zama girma da jima'i da kusan shekara guda. Lokacin da suka girma cikin rukuni, ma'aurata sukan zama ba da jimawa ba. Haɗin tilastawa na iya kasawa, kamar yadda mazan da suka manyanta maza suke da kyawawa. Sau biyu.
Kimanin mako guda kafin ɓarkewar da ake zargi, yawan zafin jiki na ruwa a cikin akwatin kifin ya kamata ya rage sau biyu 2-3 ° C, bayan ya tsaya na kwana ɗaya ko biyu, a hankali ya tashi zuwa 27 ° C. Yawanci, wannan dabarar tana motsa kifin. A cikin lokacin tsabtace lokacin, masu samar da makomar gaba za su tono dukkan ƙasa a cikin akwatin kifaye, suna zubar da tsaunuka duk bangon.
Cichlazoma madaidaiciya-takwas zagaye da soya
Abubuwa da yawa tare da ɗakin kwana na iya yin aikin madubi don kwanciya qwai: manyan ɗakin kwana, tukunyar yumbu da aka ajiye a gefenta, ko kuma ɓangaren ƙasa da aka 'yanta daga ƙasa. Bayan zabar ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan wurare, masana'antun fara fara tsabtace shi sosai. Ranar da za a tsallake, Matar tana da mai iya lura da ovipositor.
Yawancin lokaci yakan fara fita da sassafe. Ya danganta da girman da shekarun mace a cikin jingina, akwai daga qwai 500 zuwa 1000.
A ƙarshen lokacin bazara, ana bada shawara don ƙara kimanin miligram na methylene blue zuwa ruwa.
Ya danganta da yawan zafin jiki, shiryawa qwai yana daga kwanaki 3 zuwa shida. Ba da daɗewa ba kafin ƙwanƙwasawa, masu kera suna canja wurin ƙwai daga cikin ƙananan zuwa ramin da aka shirya a baya. Akwai wasu ramuka iri-iri. A lokacin rana, kifi na iya canja wurin ƙwai daga rami ɗaya zuwa wani sau da yawa.
Idan tsire-tsire masu daɗaɗɗa suna nan a cikin akwatin kifaye, to kifin na iya amfani da waɗannan kwantena a matsayin mafaka, bayan lalata tsire-tsire kuma ya kwato tukwane daga cikin abin.
Cichlomas tamanin da takwas iyaye masu kulawa, suna kulawa da kulawa da falle-falle da soya.
Larvae juya cikin soya a rana ta huɗu, bayan wannan sun fara iyo a hankali don neman abinci. Abincin da ya fara shine abincin artemia nauplii, ko abinci na wucin gadi don soya, idan sun kasance ba ya nan, a farkon matakin zaku iya amfani da pre-grated, dafa shi a cikin gwaidar kwai mai sanyi.
Ayyukan mace sun haɗa da kula da offspringya futureyan gaba, yayin da namiji ke da alhakin kiyaye yankin. Wannan rabuwar ayyuka wani lokaci yakan haifar da jayayya, kamar yadda wasu mazan suke son shiga tsakani don saɓon zuriya. Irin wannan rikici na gida na iya haifar da cin abinci ta hanyar masu samarwa. Don hana wannan daga faruwa, ya kamata namiji ya kasance a ware nan da nan bayan ya yi niyya.
Sau da yawa, manya suna share ƙasa mai ƙarfi tare da ƙarfi na ƙananan ƙoshin ƙwaya, don haka suna ba da gudummawa ga abincin abinci na soya na zoo da phytobenthos. Masu kera zasu iya ciyar da soya ta hanyar taunawa da kuma tofa abinci mafi girma, kamar busassun sanduna don cichlids. Duk waɗannan ayyukan iyaye ba su keɓance masu ruwa-ruwa daga buƙatun ciyar da ƙananan yara. A matakin farko, yakamata a yi hakan sau 4 zuwa 6 a rana. Tare da rashin abinci, toya na iya narkewa a bangarorin da ƙarancin iyayensu. Haka kuma, ƙarancin da aka cinye ta soya ana mayar da su a hankali.
Takwas cnelazoma - layin saurayi
Yayinda yara kanana ke girma, ya kamata a basu mafi girma yayin ciyar da kashi. Bayan makonni 2-3, za a iya shigar da yankakken hanyoyin jini da masu yin tubule cikin abincin.
Yawancin lokaci takwas cnelomas suna kulawa da 'ya'yansu har na tsawon wata uku zuwa hudu, bayan haka hankalin iyayensu ya raunana. Ofayan dalilan don dakatarwa na asali na iya zama maimaitawa, lokacin da thean littafin da ya gabata ya zama barazana ga sabon masonry.
A bu mai kyau fara daga kimanin shekara daya da rabi zuwa watanni biyu suyi soya a cikin wani dakin ruwa daban.
Soya suna girma sosai da sauri, amma ba a daidaita ba, saboda haka dole ne a raba su lokaci-lokaci.
Yana da ban sha'awa
A Rasha kashi takwas-layin cichlazoma Fiye da shekaru talatin ke zaune a cikin tsohuwar tafkin Kuban, wacce ke cikin tsarin sanyaya jiki na Krasnodar CHP. Yan gari sun kira shi da shudi shudi acara. Ofwararrun masana kwararru sun tabbatar da asalin jinsin.
Yankin tafkin yana da kusan kilomita 3 2. An raba kandami zuwa kashi biyu: ruwan sanyi wanda aka ɗora daga ruwan da mai dumi inda aka fitar da ruwan zafi. Ko da a cikin hunturu, zazzabi ruwa a wannan sashin tafkin ya kusan 25 ° C. Kogin yana da ciyayi mai yawa, ƙasa mai yashi.
Akwai sassan yashi da ke ƙasa kuma an rufe su da tsakuwa. Zuwa tafkin takwas cnelomas ya fito ne daga cikin jerin ruwayoyin mai son zama, wanda ya samar da yawan jama'a ya zama ruwan dare. A lokacin rani, ana iya samunsu a kowane ɓangaren tafkin, a cikin hunturu sukan taru a wurin da ake ruwan ɗumi.
Halayen hydrochemical na ruwa a cikin tafkin suna da tsayayye: pH-8.0, KH-5.0, GH-10.0, matsakaicin ruwa mai ruwa + 34 ° C, mafi ƙarancin + 17 ° C, ƙimar NO3 yana kusa da sifili. Girman ƙudan zuma na gida ƙanana ne kuma yawanci ba ya ƙare cm 11. launi yana da tsaka-tsaki, ga alama yanayin wannan baƙon bai dace da mafi kyau ba.
Ciyar da abinci
Omnivores, cichlomas, biocelatum suna cin kowane irin rayuwa, ice cream ko abinci mai wucin gadi. Suna da isasshen isa, don haka suna buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki - abinci na wucin gadi don cichlids, tubule, artemia, bloodworm.
Hakanan zaka iya ciyar da fillet kifi, jatan lande, naman mussel, ƙananan kifi. Ya kamata a ba da naman sa da naman sa da sauran naman dabbobi masu nama, saboda ƙashin kifi ya narke shi yana haifar da kiba da lalata gabobin ciki.
Ba tare da izini ba, amma babban cichlid, wanda kuke buƙatar ɗauka a cikin akwatin kifaye mai fili, daga lita 200 m. Tunda yawan sharar gida ya ragu yayin ciyarwa, canje-canje na ruwa na yau da kullun, siphon na ƙasa, da tacewa mai ƙarfi, zai fi dacewa da na waje, su ne suka zama dole.
Kamar kowane nau'in cichlids, layi huɗu masu tono a cikin ƙasa, yayin da suke iya tono tsire-tsire, don haka ya fi kyau a ajiye tsirrai a cikin tukwane. Tabbas, yana da kyawawa cewa waɗannan su zama jinsin wuya da tauri - echinodorus, manyan Anubias.
A cikin akwatin kifayen kana buƙatar shirya mafaka masu yawa, musamman idan ya ƙunshi sauran cichlids. Mazauna, har da zazzabi mai ƙarancin ruwa (25 C da ƙasa), sun rage matakan zalunci na layin cichlids-takwas.
Esudan zuma suna saba wa sigogin ruwa, amma kyakkyawan yanayi sune: zazzabi 22-29С, ph: 6.5-7.0, 8 - 12 dGH.
Banbancin jinsi
Yaya ake bambance namiji daga mace? Namiji na karamar laka guda takwas yana da kauri da kaifi sosai, kuma yaduwar jan ciki shima yana hade da gefan.
Gabaɗaya, namiji ya fi girma kuma yana da launi mai haske; yana da launuka masu duhu da yawa a tsakiyar jikin kuma kusa da fin caudal.
A cikin mace, baƙar fata suna kan layin caudal kuma akwai ƙananan dige na baƙi a ƙasan murfin gill.
Kayan lambu
Akwai matsaloli tare da ciyayi. Gaskiyar ita ce, cichloma tana da ma'ana dangane da tsinkaye game da yanayin muhalli. Idan ba ta son yadda kuma abin da tsire-tsire da mai shi ya shuka, to za a kakkarye tsiron kuma a share shi. Kuma da wuya a gamsar da kudan zuma a karo na farko.
Sabili da haka, an ba da shawarar shuka tsire-tsire ba a cikin ƙasa ba, amma a cikin tukwane. Yana da kyau a zabi jinsin tare da tsararren tushen tsarin. Echinodorus, cryptocoryne, elodea za su yi.
Ilasa da kayan ado
Tsikhlazomas na son yaɗa ƙasa, saboda haka ko dai yashi da aka ƙyalƙyali ko ƙwallan marmara masu ƙara-ruwa da ya kamata a zaɓi don murfin ƙasa.
Tare da kayan ado na ƙoshin kudan zuma, yana da wahalar farantawa kamar ciyayi. Za a iya yin ado da akwatin kifayen tare da snags, grottoes, bawo. Amma kada ku yi mamaki idan kifi ya watsi da samarwa mafaka, ya fara ba da gidajen kansa, da tono ƙasa.
Kiwo da haihuwa
Babu wahala wajen kiwo a gida. A spawning akwatin kifaye ba a bukatar, saboda ko da zaune tare da wasu nau'in, ga ƙudan zuma da ƙarfi kare zuriyar.
Don kiwo, iyayen da ke gaba suna zaɓar wani rukunin yanar gizon da suke tsabtace da kyau. Tona rami a ƙasa. Mace na jefa ƙwai 600 zuwa 800. Soyayyen da aka toka ya motsa a cikin rami.
Soya abinci a kan lardin crustacean.
Cutar da Rigakafin
Yawancin cichlazomas suna dogara ne akan yanayin tsarewa da ingancin ruwa, amma matsakaicin rayuwar mutum shine shekaru 10-12.
Esudan zuma suna da rigakafi mai ƙarfi. Cututtuka yawanci suna faruwa ne saboda kulawa mara kyau:
- Ichthyophthyroidism cuta ce ta parasitic, tare da farin nibs a jiki da kuma scabies. Jiyya yana tare da maganin rigakafi. Yin rigakafin - karuwa a yawan zafin jiki na ruwa.
- Yunwar yunwa. Yana faruwa tare da rashin ingancin ƙarfi. Ambulance shine don ƙara hydrogen peroxide ko allunan oxygen.
Duk da halin mutuntaka da saurin fushi, cichlomas sun shahara sosai. Yana da ban sha'awa don kulawa da su, launin launinsu mai haske yana da kyau.
Bayyanar
Siffar jiki shine halayyar dangin Cichlid: maras kyau a gefe, shugaban elongated tare da babban ɓangaren gaban. Rsashin ƙasa da ƙashin bayansa sun ƙare da ƙarewa mai kaifi.
A cikin yanayi, tsawonsa shine 16-22 cm. Kifin kifin ya fi karami - 10-12 cm.
Jikin launi ya kama daga shuɗi zuwa baƙi. Abin lura mai kyau Kowane ɗayansu ana fentin su a launinta - turquoise, shuɗi, shuɗi, yashi, zinariya. Sikeli yayi kama da raɓa, wanda aka nuna da sunan.
A cikin soya, baƙin ƙarfe takwas suna kan jikin, wanda ya ɓace yayin da suke tsufa.
Halayyar
Cichlazoma masu layi takwas, kamar dukkan cichlids, kifi ne mai ƙaddarawa da yanki. Kudan zuma ba za su yi haƙuri da ƙanƙan da ƙananan kifi ba, amma zai ci su. Tare da manyan kifaye za su yi yaƙi kuma su cinye yankin. Aquarists ba fara cichloma saboda zafin kifi. Tsikhlazoma ba ya da tashin hankali fiye da sauran nau'ikan cichlids, don haka wannan bai cancanci tsoro ba. Akwai ma ra'ayi cewa wannan "kifi ne".
Wani lokacin capriciousness kuma nuna halin.Kudan zuma za su yi watsi da gidaje na wucin-gadi, manyan ababen hawa da kogo kuma za su fi son tono ƙasa su yi kogon da kansa.
Akwatin kifaye
Smallaramar kifin kudan zuma yana buƙatar mafi yawan akwatin kifaye fiye da sauran nau'in wannan girman. Girman akwatin kifin ya zama dole babba, saboda kowane yanki ya tsara yankinsa kuma zai kiyaye shi. Sabili da haka, zaɓi akwatunan ruwa tare da yawan ruwa na ruwa sama da lita ɗari a kowane namiji da mace. Idan aka sami yawan kuɗi, za a yi faɗa da raunuka ko ma mutuwa.
A post wanda Unique Graphics (@unique_ste) suka raba a ranar 27 ga Janairu, 2017 da karfe 2:27 na PST
Ofirƙarin tafki zai zama kayan gado, gidaje, kogulu, hasumiya.
Shuke-shuke
A cikin akwatin kifaye don cichlids, yana da muhimmanci a zabi tsire-tsire da suka dace. Esudan zuma tono da tushen shuke-shuke.
Yadda za a zabi tsirrai a cikin akwatin kifaye na kudan zuma:
- Yi amfani da tsire-tsire masu wucin gadi.
- Shuke-shuke da tsarin tushen ƙarfi.
- Saurin girma da tsirrai.
- Tushen tsire-tsire marasa tushe suna iyo a kan ruwa ko kuma a cikin shafi na ruwa.
- Dankali tsire-tsire.
Kyakkyawan zaɓi zai kasance:
- Elodea.
- Riccia iyo.
- Cryptocoryne.
- Echinodorus amazon.
- Vallisneria yana karkace.
Kiwo
Kiwo ƙudan zuma ba mai sauƙi ba ne a ƙarƙashin kyakkyawan yanayi. Idan ana sa nau'i-nau'i da yawa a cikin akwatin kifaye ɗaya, to ya kamata a dasa su a cikin tankuna daban.
Kafin tsallakewa, kowane mutum ya zama mafi m. Tsarin zafi yana motsa shi ta yawan zafin jiki da dama da kuma canje-canje na ruwa akai-akai.
Ciyarwa
Don tsallakewa, ma'auratan suna zaɓan wani wurin ɓoye cikin ciyayi. A wurin da aka shirya, mace tana sanya ƙwai. Bayan spawning, larvae ƙyanƙyashe bayan 1.5 days. Bayan wasu kwanaki 2, soya ya zama mai nimble kuma sun sami damar cinye abinci. Iyaye za su tsare soya don makonni huɗu. Ana soya abinci da soya sau 5 a rana. Idan babu abinci, mace zata iya ciyar da 'ya' ya tare da rufin asirin fata, amma wannan yana lalata mahimmancin mace.
Nasiha
Aquarists suna nuna tsananin kulawa na waɗannan dabbobi. Masu shayarwa masu shayarwa suna jin daɗin su kuma suna sanya su cikin kifayen ruwa don kyawun bayyanar su da halayen ban sha'awa. Amma wahalar barin saurin wuce gona da iri da yanayin kifin.
Farashin ya dogara da girman kifin kudan zuma.
Girma (cm) | Farashin (rubles) |
1-3 (soya) | 50 |
4–5 | 150 |
6 (saurayi) | 200 |
7 | 350 |
8-10 (girma) | 420 |
10–12 | 500 |
Nasihu
- Bayar da gidan cichlid tare da babban akwatin kifaye.
- Bayar da isasshen kayan lambu da matsuguni.
- Shuka tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi tare da tushen mai ƙarfi ko ciyawar ɗan adam.
- Kalli zafin jiki na ruwa.
- Kada ku kirkira mai ƙarfi.
- Daidaitaccen ruwa tare da isashshen oxygen.
Saboda rikicewa tare da sunan nau'in, kudan cichlid an yi masa baftisma da sunaye da yawa:
- Rocio octofasciata
- Nandopsis octofasciatum
- Cichlasoma octofasciatus.
- Ko da wasa barkwanci barkono mai suna Jack Dempsey, da sunan shahararren ɗan dambe.
Amma duk abin da sunanta na iya zama, kudan zuma har yanzu sanannen kuma ƙaunar tsakanin masu neman ruwaye. Kuma, samun wannan cichlid, tabbas ba za ku rasa tare da zaɓin dabbar gida ba.