Malay Tiger (Panthera tigris jacksoni) An samo shi musamman a kudancin (yankin Malaysian) na ɓangaren ccaasar Malacca. Wannan reshen ya zama ruwan dare ne kawai a shekarar 2004 (a baya ana daukar yawan mutanen mallakar Indochinese ne) yayin wani binciken da wasu gungun masana kimiyyar Amurka karkashin jagorancin Stephen O’Brien ya jagoranta. Abinda yake yanke hukunci shine bambance-bambancen kwayoyin da aka samo tsakanin bangarorin biyu. Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna kasancewar mutane 500-600 na tigers na wannan respeation a cikin yanayin, wanda ya sa ya zama na uku mafi girma a tsakanin sauran ƙananan hukumomin.
Malay Tiger shine mafi ƙanƙantar da ƙananan damis na Tiger. Launinta da launinta suna da kama da damisa ta Indochinese, amma, a girmanta ya kusanto zuwa Sumatran tiger: maza sunkai kimanin kilogram 120, mace tayi nauyi zuwa kilogram 100, tsawon jikin mazan ya kai zuwa 237 cm, kuma mace ta kai 200 cm.
Abinci da halin zamantakewa
Tigen Malaysia Suna farautar barewar zambars, dila, ciyawa, daji da sauran unguwa, harma suna kaiwa hari bears na Malay, 'Ya'yan giwayen giwaye da raguna. Wataƙila an haɗa da launin baho a cikin abincin wannan ƙananan damis ɗin, amma irin wannan ganima yana da ƙarancin gaske. Maza yawanci suna mamaye yanki na kusan 100 km², wanda yawanci har zuwa mata 6 yawanci suna tare.
Sauran fasalukan tsarin jikin mutum
Tigen Malaysia ya yi awo daga kilo 100 zuwa 120. Tsawon jikinsa da wutsiyarsa ya kai m 2.4 A cikin daji, “manyan kuliyoyi” suna rayuwa ne daga shekaru 15 zuwa 25. Suna zaune a filaye tare da ciyayi na matsakaici, gandun daji da gonakin noman rani. A matsayinka na mai mulki, an zaɓi wuraren da ke da adadin mutane kaɗan.
Rayuwa
Tiger Malay - dabbar maraice da duhu. Hankalin sa a wannan lokacin ya fi hasken rana yawa. Masana ilimin kimiyya sunce idanun dabba suna ganin sau 6 fiye da idanun mutane. Wannan yana bawa “babban cat” damar hango ganima.
Maharbin yana ckin wanda aka cutar da shi na dogon lokaci, idan aka yi la’akari da wasu dabaru na hali. Wanda ba a kulawa da shi ba an san shi ba da daɗewa ba, sa’an nan kuma a farmaki daga bayansa. A mafi yawan lokuta, irin wannan farauta yana da nasara.
Tiger ya yi kuwwa kuma ya fara cin abincin. Zai iya cin kilogiram 18 na nama a zaune daya. Doki da bijimai, bears da dabbobi galibi suna hidimta masa abinci.
Tiger na likesasar Malay na son cin lokaci mai yawa a cikin ruwa. Wannan babban mai iyo ne! Ponds - wannan shine ainihin ceto ga dabba daga zafin rana da ƙudaje masu ƙunawa.
A cikin dangi, dabbar tana ƙoƙarin isar da yanayin ta tare da motsin jiki. Idan dabbar ta yi fushi, to kunnuwanta a tsaye suke, wutsiya ta saƙa kuma madaidaiciya, an fallasa ƙugunta.
Tasar Malaysian a ƙasa
A mafi yawan lokuta, wakilan wannan nau'in ba su da aure a rayuwa. Mace kawai ke ciyar da zuriyarta da yawa. Wannan yana ɗaukar mafi yawan rayuwarta.
Tiger na aasar Malay babban mai shi ne. Maza da mata suna yin alama da rukunin yanar gizon su tare da asirin gland kuma suna yin tarkace a jikin bishiyun bishiyu. Ta hanyar alamun, zaku iya ƙayyade jima'i na dabba, shekaru da lafiyar jiki. Ba a ba da baƙi ba dabbobi a kan ƙasarsu. Banda shi ne mata yayin estrus.
Sake bugun dabbar
Twararrakin Malay da kansa ya isa ƙasar mace. Kafin wasannin ninkayar, tigress ya mirgine a ƙasa na dogon lokaci kuma bai yarda da namiji ba. Ya yi haƙuri yana jira ta yi magana ta isa ta saki tsokanar ta.
Dabbobi masu sanyi na kwanaki da yawa a jere. Amma ban da na namiji ɗaya, tigress na iya miji a lokaci guda tare da wasu. Saboda wannan, mace tana iya samun san sanduna daga damisa daban.
Abin sha'awa ne cewa namiji ba ya jin mahaifin jin motsin kitse. Akasin haka, damisa tana kiyaye zuriya daga namiji, tunda yana da ikon kashe igan yatsan don ya sake jan hankalin abokin abokin wasan.
Harshen Malay Bayanin zuriya
Cutar da mace tayi kwanaki 103. Don haihuwa, tigress yana zaɓar wurin da ba shi keɓaɓɓe - ƙarancin katako ko kogo. A cikin zuriyar dabbobi ɗaya yawanci akwai cubs 2-3.
An haife su da kurma da makafi, masu nauyin kilogram 0.5 zuwa 1.2. Makonni biyu bayan haihuwar 'yan maruƙa sun sami damar cin abinci mai ƙarfi. Amma farauta na gaske suna jiransu a watanni 17-18.
Yaran sun kasance tare da mahaifiyarsu tsawon shekaru 3. Daga nan sai su bar yankin nata don rayuwa mai 'yanci. Mace suna barin mahaifiyar tigress kadan kadan fiye da maza.
Mutane da dabbar daji
Duk cikin tarihi, mutum ya nemi farawar tsuntsu. Misali, akwai tatsuniya game da yadda Alexander Mai Girma ya shiga cikin ƙasashen da ba a san su sosai ba kuma da taimakon darts suka yi nasara akan dabbar.
Koreaasar Koriya ta dā takama da horar da mutane don farautar tsuntsaye. An sanya al'ada gaba ɗaya ga wannan: yayin farauta, ya kamata a kiyaye shiru. Don irin wannan tafiya, sun yi jaket daga zane mai launin shuɗi kuma sun yi rawani mai launi iri ɗaya, wanda aka yi wa ado da beads masu yawa.
An sassaka harsasai na tsaro daga itace domin mafarautan. Kafin kamfen, mutanen sun kasance suna ciyar da abincin damisa. Irin waɗannan mutanen suna da daraja a Koriya. An ma basu damar biyan harajin jihar.
A farkon karni na 19 da 20, farautar “babban cat” ya yadu tsakanin Turawan mulkin mallaka na Ingila. Suma suna da sha'awar damisawar Malay. "A cikin Turanci" an shirya irin wannan farauta - mahalarta sun hau giwaye ko kanada.
Matafiya sun yi amfani da awaki ko raguna don kawata damarar. Wani lokaci, mafarautan sukan yi ihu da ƙarfi don fitar da dabbar daga kurmi. Daga cikin damisarorin da aka kashe, an sanya dabbobi masu adon gidan da ke daɗaɗɗun gidajen tsabtace na dogon lokaci.
Har ila yau, fatar dabbar ta zama kayan don kera kayan gado da abubuwa na kayan ado. Ana yaba ƙasusuwan Tiger da kayan sihiri, kuma har yanzu suna cikin buƙata a kasuwannin baƙar fata na Asiya.
A halin yanzu an haramta farautar “babban cat”, amma har yanzu ana farautar farautar namun daji a yankuna da yawa. Hakanan ma Tigren kwandon kwalliya ba sa bambanta da halayyar zaman lafiya.
Wadansunsu suna kama dabbobi. Cutar cannibalism an san su. A shekara ta 2001-2003, mutane 41 suka mutu daga ɓarin ɓarkewar hujin Malay a cikin dazuzzukan Bangladesh.
Asalin gani da kwatancin
Hoto: Malay Tiger
Halin mazaunin Tiger shine yanki na ƙasar Malasiya (Kuala Terengganu, Pahang, Perak da Kelantan) da kuma yankuna na kudu na Thailand. Mafi yawan Tigen daji jinsunan Asiya ne. A shekarar 2003, ana daukar wannan tallafin azaman damisa Indochinese. Amma a cikin 2004 an sanya yawan mutanen zuwa wasu keɓaɓɓun ƙungiya - Panthera tigris jacksoni.
Kafin wannan, wani gungun masana kimiyyar Amurka daga Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa sun gudanar da binciken kwayoyin halittu da jarrabawa masu yawa, a yayin da binciken DNA ya nuna bambance-bambance a cikin halittar, wanda ya ba shi damar zama wani nau'in daban.
Bidiyo: Malay Tiger
Yawan jama'a a arewacin Malaysia suna bi ta kudancin Thailand. A cikin kananan gandun daji da wuraren watsi da aikin gona, ana samun dabbobi cikin kungiyoyi, a karkashin wasu kananan mutane kuma suna nesa da manyan hanyoyi. A cikin Singapore, huɗun huwans na Malay da aka ƙare a cikin shekarun 1950s.
Dangane da kididdigar da aka yi kwanan nan, ba fiye da mutane 500 na wannan nau'in da ke cikin yanayin. Wannan yana daukaka shi zuwa matakin na uku na lambobi tsakanin dukkan rarar kudi. Launin launin damis ɗin Malay yana kama da na Indochinese, kuma a cikin girman kusa da Sumatran.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Wasu tatsuniyoyi sunce damin sabro-toothed shine asalin dukkan ire-iren waɗannan mahara. Koyaya, wannan ba haka bane. Kasancewa da dangin cat, ana daukar wannan nau'in a matsayin cat mai sabro-toothed maimakon dirin sawu.
Bayyanar fasali da fasali
Hoto: Dabbobin Male Tiger
Idan aka kwatanta da dangi, huhun Malay yana da ƙananan girman:
- Maza sun kai cm 237 tsawon (tare da wutsiya),
- Mata - 203 cm
- Yawan nauyin maza yana tsakanin kg 120,
- Matan basu wuce kilo 100 ba,
- Tsawonsa a kan mayukan da aka yi daga 60-100 cm.
Jikin Malay yana da sassauƙa da ƙyalli, wutsiya yana da tsayi. Babban kai mai nauyi tare da babban kwanyar fuska. A ƙarƙashin kunnuwa masu zagaye suna magana da amo. Manyan idanu tare da ɗaliban zagaye suna ganin komai cikin hoto mai launi. Ingantaccen hangen nesa dare. Vibrissas fararen fata ne, na roba, suna cikin layuka 4-5.
Suna da hakora 30 masu ƙarfi a cikin bakinsu, tsintsayen sune mafi tsawo a cikin iyali. Suna ba da gudummawa ga ƙarfi a wuyan wanda aka azabtar, wanda ya ba shi damar buga shi har sai ta daina nuna alamun rayuwa. Canines din suna da girma kuma masu kaifi, wani lokacin tsawon hakora babba sun kai 90 mm.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Saboda tsayi da harshe mai kauri tare da kaifi mai ƙamshi gaba ɗaya an rufe shi da ƙashin gwiwa mai ƙarfi, ƙwayar Malay ta ɓaci fata jikin wanda aka azabtar da naman daga kasusuwa ba tare da wata matsala ba.
Akwai yatsun kafa guda biyar a kan kafafu masu kaifi da fadi, 4 a kan kafafun hular da cikakkun yan yatsun sagari. A kan kafafu da baya, gashin yana da kauri da gajeru, akan ciki ya fi tsayi kuma yayi sanyi. Jikin launin ruwan lemu-orange ya wuce ta duhu mai ratsa duhu. Akwai fararen tabo a kusa da idanu, a kan kunci da kusa da hanci. Abun ciki da kumatun suma farare ne.
Yawancin damisa suna da ratsi fiye da 100 a jikin kafafunsu. A matsakaici, akwai ratsi guda 10 na wutsiya. Amma kuma suna faruwa ne daga 8-11. Tushen wutsiya yawanci ba a cika ta da m zobba. Nasihu a wutsiya koyaushe baki ne. Babban aikin raunin shine sake farauta yayin farauta. Godiya garesu, tiger zai iya ɓoye a cikin ɓoye na dogon lokaci ba tare da an lura dashi ba.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Kowane dabba tana da nata tsarin sa, na dabam, domin a bambanta su da juna. Fatar fata kuma ta zama taguwar. Idan kun yanke dabbobin, fur mai duhu zai yi girma akan ratsan duhu, tsarin zai sake dawowa kuma ya zama daidai yake da na asali.
A ina ne Tigen Malay yake zaune?
Hoto: Littafin Maɗaukaki na Male Tiger
Tigen daji na Malay sun fi son tsaunukan tsaunuka kuma suna rayuwa a cikin gandun daji, galibi suna kan iyakokin ƙasashe. Suna tafiya da kyau a cikin ɓoyayyen jigle da ke cikin damuwa kuma saurin shawo kan matsalolin ruwa. Sun sami damar tsalle zuwa nisan tafiyar har zuwa mita 10. Rage bishiyoyi da kyau, amma yin hakan a cikin matsanancin yanayi.
Ba da gidajensu:
- A cikin duwatsun duwatsu
- a ƙarƙashin itatuwa
- A cikin karamin kogo suna yin layi tare da bushe ciyawa da ganye.
Mutane sun nisanta kansu. Zasu iya tsai da filaye tare da ciyayi mai tsayi. Kowane tiger yana da yankin kansa. Waɗannan yankuna sosai sarari, waɗanda wani lokacin har zuwa 100 km². Ritasashe mata suna iya ma'amala da kayan maza.
Ana yin bayanin irin waɗannan adadi kaɗan ta ƙananan adadin samarwa a waɗannan wurare. Matsakaicin yankin kuliyoyin daji shine 66211 km², yayin da ainihin - 37674 km². Yanzu dabbobi suna zaune a yankin da bai wuce 11655 km² ba. Sakamakon yaduwar yankunan da aka kiyaye, ana shirin zafafa yankin sosai zuwa 16882 km².
Waɗannan dabbobin suna da babban iko don daidaitawa da kowane yanayi: ko dai yanayin zafi ne, kogwanin dutse, savannahs, itacen ɓawon itace ko kurmin da ba za a iya jurewa ba. Tigers suna da daidaituwa a yanayi mai zafi da kuma a cikin dusar kankara.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Tiger Malay an bashi mahimmancin al'adun, tunda hotonta yana kan sutturar ƙasar. Bugu da kari, alama ce ta kasa da tambarin Maybank, bankin Malaysiya, da rundunonin sojoji.
Menene Tigen Malay ya ci?
Hoto: Malay Tiger
Babban abincin shine artiodactyls da herbivores. Malayan damisa suna ciyar da barewa, boars daji, zambars, tsere, yawon shakatawa, farautar mahaukata, launin toka, tsoffin fata, baranda, bijimin daji da dabbar ja. Kada ku ji kunya kuma ku faɗi. Kamar yadda kake gani, waɗannan dabbobin ba masu son rai bane a abinci.
Lokaci-lokaci, ana shirya hayar hares, pheasants, ƙananan tsuntsaye, da berayen filin. Musamman tsoro yana iya kai hari ga bear Malay. A ranar zafi musamman zafi, kar ku damu farauta kifi da kwaɗi. Sau da yawa kai hari kan ƙananan giwaye da dabbobi. A lokacin rani, za su iya jin daɗin ƙwaya ko 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Godiya ga lokacin farin ciki mai narkewa, damis yakan iya yin abinci ba tare da abinci ba na dogon lokaci ba tare da cutar da lafiyar su ba. A cikin zama ɗaya, kuliyoyin daji na iya cin abinci har zuwa kilogiram na nama 30, kuma yana fama da ƙoshin abinci - kuma duk kilo 40. Masu yin fitsari ba sa fama da cutar anorexia.
A cikin zaman talala, abincin abincin Tiger shine 5-6 na nama nama kwana 6 a mako. Lokacin farauta, suna amfani da hangen nesa da ji fiye da dogara da ƙanshin. Farauta mai nasara na iya ɗaukar ƙoƙari 10. Idan babu ɗayansu da ya yi nasara ko ganima ya fi ƙarfi, damisa ba ta sake bin sa ba. Suna cin abinci yayin da suke kwance, suna riƙe da abinci tare da hannunsu.
Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa
Hoto: Dabbobin Tiger na Malay
Samun iko mai girma, damisa mai jikin damisa suna jin kansu a matsayin cikakken masu mallakar yankin. Duk inda suka yi alamar ƙasa da fitsari, yi alama iyakokin abin da suke mallaka, suna lalata haushi daga bishiyoyin tare da toshe ƙasa da kwance ƙasa. Ta wannan hanyar suna kare ƙasarsu daga wasu maza.
Tigers da ke haɗu a cikin dukiya iri ɗaya suna da aminci ga juna, suna zama tare cikin aminci, kuma idan sun haɗu, ku taɓa juna ta fuskokinsu, suna goge fuskokinsu. A matsayin alamar gaisuwa, suna kwance suna ta kuka da karfi, yayin da suke muguwar amo.
Karnuka na daji suna farauta a kowane lokaci na rana. Idan ganima mai daɗin ci ya zo, damis ba zai rasa shi ba. Da yake sun iya iyo sosai, sun sami nasarar farautar kifaye, kunkuru ko kuma matsakaitan yaduwa. Da ɗan iska mai ƙarfi, sukan yi ta birgima a kan ruwa, suna mamakin ganima kuma suna cin shi da yardar rai.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa damisa ta Malaysia na iya haifar da yanayin rayuwa, amma wani lokacin sukan tara gungun mutane domin rabawa musamman ma babbar ganima. Tare da sakamako mai nasara na kai hari kan babban dabba, damisa tigers suna fitar da babbar ruri wanda za'a ji shi can nesa.
Dabbobi suna sadarwa ta amfani da sauti, kamshi da kuma sadarwar gani. Idan ya cancanta, zasu iya hawa bishiyoyi kuma suna yin tsalle-tsalle har zuwa mita 10 a tsayi. A cikin santsi na rana, tigers suna son yin amfani da lokaci mai yawa a cikin ruwa, suna gudu daga zafin wuta da ƙamshin da ke da ban haushi.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Abun dajin damin Malay ya ninka sau 6 fiye da mutum. A cikin duffai na rana a tsakanin mafarauta ba su da daidai.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hoto: Malay Tiger Cub
Kodayake yanayin kiwo yana faruwa a duk shekara, mafi girman wannan lokacin ya faɗi akan Disamba-Janairu. Mace sun balaga ga mace-mace a cikin shekaru 3-4, yayin da maza kawai 5. Yawancin lokaci maza suna zaɓa mace 1 don yin nishaɗin. A cikin yanayin ƙaruwar dammar maza, faɗa don zaɓaɓɓen koyaushe ana faruwa.
Lokacin da mata suka fara estrus, suna alamar yankin da fitsari. Tunda wannan na iya faruwa kowace 'yan shekaru, ana gwagwarmayar zub da jini ga damisa. Da farko dai ba ta yarda maza su koma kansu ba, suna ma su kallo, suna girma da kuma yakar cinyoyinta. Lokacin da tigress ta ba da kanta ta zo, sukan yi aure sau da yawa a cikin kwanaki da yawa.
A lokacin estrus, mace na iya aboki tare da maza da yawa. A wannan yanayin, zuriyar dabbobi za ta kasance jarirai ne daga uba daban-daban. Maza na iya yin aure tare da damisa da yawa. Bayan ta haihu, mace ta himmatu wajen kiyaye zuriyarta daga maza, saboda suna iya kashe kyanan har ta fara zama a ciki.
A matsakaita, gestation yana kusan kwanaki 103. Za a iya samun jarirai daga 1 zuwa 6 a cikin zuriyar dabbobi, amma a matsakaita na 2-3. Yara har zuwa watanni shida suna ciyar da madarar uwa, kuma kimanin watanni 11 suka fara farauta da kansu. Amma har zuwa shekaru 2-3 zasu ci gaba da zama tare da mahaifiyarsu.
Abokan gaba na Tigabilar Malay Tigers
Hoto: Malay Tiger
Godiya ga tsarin mulki mai karfi da kuma iko mai girma, damisa manya manya basu da abokan gaba. Waɗannan dabbobin suna a saman dala dala a tsakanin sauran dabbobi. Samun cigaba mai kyau yana taimaka musu da sauri suyi nazarin halin da ake ciki kuma suyi aiki bisa ga dalilai.
Babban masu zaluntar kunkunyar Malawi makiyaya ne da bindigogi, suna harbi dabbobi ba da wata kasuwa ba. Tigers suna sane da giwaye, bears da manyan rhinos, suna ƙoƙarin guje musu.Kwayoyi, boars daji, dawakai, karnukan daji da karnukan daji suna cin ganyayyaki da kuma ƙaramin ciyayi.
Kamar yadda tsohuwar ko dabbobin ta gurgunta fara farauta a kan dabbobi har ma da mutane, mutanen gari suna harbin damisa. A shekara ta 2001-2003 kadai, damisa mai 3 ya kashe mutane 42 a cikin dajin mangoro na Bangladesh. Mutane suna amfani da fatalwar tiger kamar ado da kayan kwalliya. Tiger nama kuma ya sami aikace-aikace.
Kasusuwa da damisa na Malay ana iya samun sau da yawa a kasuwannin baƙi a Asiya. Kuma a magani, ana amfani da sassan jikin. Mutanen Asiya sun yi imani da cewa kasusuwa suna da kaddarorin anti-mai kumburi. Ana la'akari da al'amuran azaman iko mai ƙarfi. Babban dalilin raguwar jinsin shine farautar wasanni ga wadannan dabbobin a shekarun 30s na karni na 20. Wannan ya rage yawan jinsunan.
Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu
Hoto: Dabbobin Male Tiger
Kimanin adadin Tiglat ɗin Malay dake zaune a doron ƙasa mutum 500 ne, daga cikinsu kimanin 250 manya ne, wanda hakan ke sanya haɗarinsu cikin haɗarin. Babbar barazanar ita ce gusar da kai, kashe-kashe, asarar mazauna, rikici tare da mutane, gasa da dabbobi.
A ƙarshen 2013, ƙungiyoyin kare muhalli sun sanya kyamarar tarko a cikin mazaunan manyan kuliyoyi. Daga 2010 zuwa 2013, har zuwa manya 340 an yi rikodin su, ban da mutanen da ke keɓe. Don babban sashin ƙasa mai shiga teku, wannan adadi kaɗan ne.
Guguwar da ba a sarrafa ta ba don gina wuraren dabino na mai, gurbataccen ruwa ta magudanar masana'antu ya zama babbar matsala ga rayuwar jinsin kuma yana haifar da asarar mazauninsu. A lokacin rayuwar ƙarni ɗaya, ana rage yawan jama'a da kusan kwata.
A cewar masu binciken, daga shekarar 2000 zuwa 2013, a kalla kwatanci 94 na damarar Malaysia da aka kwace daga masu bautar. Haɓaka aikin gona kuma yana cutarwa ga ƙwararrun tsuntsaye saboda rarrabuwa.
Duk da shaharar da aka samu sassan jikin Tiger a likitancin China, shaidar bincike kan kimar gabobin Tiger ko kasusuwa ba ta nan. Ya kamata a lura cewa, dokar kasar Sin ta hana duk wani amfani da sassan jikin tabar wiwi don neman magunguna. Mazinata da kansu zasu fuskanci hukuncin kisa.
Tsayar da Tigers Malay
Hoto: Malay Tiger daga Littafin Jan
An jera jinsunan a cikin Littafin Tarihi na Duniya da CITES. Ana ganin yana cikin hadarin gaske. A Indiya, an kirkiro wani shiri na musamman na WWF da nufin ba da himma don kiyaye nau'ikan da ke cikin haɗarin tigers.
Ofayan dalilan da ke tattare da damisar Malay a cikin Littafin Lissafi shine yawan da basu wuce 50 raka'a ba na kowane yanki na gandun daji. An jera kasuwancin a cikin takamaiman aikace-aikacen, bisa ga abin da aka haramta cinikin ƙasa da ƙasa. Hakanan, kasashen da waɗannan kuliyoyin da ke rayuwa ba za su iya kasuwanci da su a cikin jihar ba.
Nonungiyar mai zaman kanta ta kirkiro Allianceungiyar Maɗaukaki don Kariyar pearancin Rare. Akwai ma wani hotline na daban, wanda ke karɓar bayani game da masu ba da fata. Citizensan ƙasar da ke yin sakaci suna shirya sintiri na musamman waɗanda ke kula da harbin dabbobi, don jama'a su yawaita.
A cikin fursunan a yankuna dabbobi da sauran ƙungiyoyi, akwai kimanin damis 108 Malay. Koyaya, wannan shine ƙarami don bambancin kwayoyin halitta da cikakken kiyayewa na keɓaɓɓun dabbobi.
Tigers sun sami damar daidaitawa da sabon yanayin rayuwa. Ana ci gaba da shirye-shirye da yawa don kara adadin zuriyar da aka kwashe. Saboda wannan, farashin masu farauta ya ragu kuma sun zama ƙasa da bayanai ga masu ba da fata. Wataƙila nan gaba Malay Tiger ya daina zama nau'in haɗari, muna fata da gaske.
Habitat da barazanar
Matsakaicin wurin wannan tallafin shine 66211 sq. km Kuma mazaunin da aka tabbatar ya yi daidai da murabba'in 37674. km Amma a halin yanzu, manyan kuliyoyi suna rayuwa a wurin da bai wuce murabba'in kilomita 11655 ba. km An shirya fadada shi zuwa murabba'in murabba'in 16882. km saboda fadada wuraren kariya.
A watan Satumbar 2014, ƙungiyoyi biyu na muhalli sun tattara rahoto game da sakamakon ɗakunan tarkon da aka shigar a cikin yankuna 3 daban daban kuma suna aiki daga 2010 zuwa 2013. Dangane da shaidar kyamarorin, an sanya adadi mai yawa. A ƙarshen 2013, damisa ta Malaysia ta ƙidaya mutane 250 zuwa 340 da ke da ƙoshin lafiya tare da ƙarin keɓaɓɓu na yawan. Wannan kadan ne ga babban sashin ƙasa mai shiga teku.
Dalilin ƙarancin yalwa shine rarrabuwar mazauninsu, wanda yake da alaƙa kai tsaye da haɓaka aikin gona. Har ila yau, wawsanda ake ba da gudummawa yana ba da gudummawa ga halakar masarauta ta musamman. Tiger Malay yana da darajar kasuwanci sosai. Skins suna da daraja sosai, ana yin magunguna daga ƙashin tiger, kuma ana amfani da naman tiger.
Kiyayewar Mala Tiger
An shigar da wannan ƙananan tallafin a cikin takamaiman aikace-aikacen da ke hana ciniki a duniya. Hakanan, duk kasashen da maharbi ke zaune sun haramta cinikin gida. Kungiyoyin da ba na gwamnati ba sun kirkiro kawancen Malesiya don Adana Tsarin Musamman.
Tun daga 2007, ana amfani da layin kula, inda akan karbi rahoton matsalolin 'yan farauta. An kuma shirya yin sintiri a cikin fararen hula. Suna yaki da harbi ba a doka ba, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga karuwar jama'a. A wuraren kiwon dabbobi da sauran cibiyoyi wakilai 108 ne na wannan tallafin. Amma wannan bai isa ba don bambance-bambancen kwayoyin halitta da cikakken kiyayewar ƙwararrun kuliyoyi.
Bayanin Malay Tigers
Tsawon jikin kwarjinin Malay tare da wutsiya ba su wuce mita 204, kuma taro ya sha bamban tsakanin kilo 100-120. Jiki yana da sauƙin canzawa, wutsiya tana da tsawo da ƙarfi.
Malay Tiger (Panthera tigris jacksoni).
Godiya ga ƙanƙanin goshin baya amma daɗaɗɗun gogewa, twararrakin Malay suna iya tsalle da kyau. Kowane paw yana ƙare da yatsunsu biyar tare da maƙalaran hutu.
Kwanyar tiger na Malay tana da nauyi. Kunnuwa suna cikin ladabi. Idanun suna da girma tare da manyan ɗalibai, waɗanda masu farauta suke ganin duniya cikin launi. Jaws ɗin suna da ƙarfi tare da manyan beraye, tare da su damis ɗin yana manne wa abin da yake ganima, ya kuma kakkaɓe ta. Harshen an rufe shi da kaifi mai kaifi, tare da taimakon wanda damisa ta cire fata da nama daga ganima.
Launin launuka masu launi iri iri na Malay suna da kyau sosai: jikin yana cike da lemu mai zaki da furanni. Ciki ciki yayi. Kuma godiya ga tsarin nau'ikan bakar fata a jikin, damisar Malayan sun yi kama da nau'in halittar Indonesiyan.
Tigen Malay ya kasance mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin ƙananan damarar Tiger.
Kiwo Malay Tigers
Wakilan wannan nau'in, a matsayin mai mulkin, dabbobi ne kawai. Amma mata suna bada lokaci mai yawa ga 'ya'yansu, galibi suna rayuwa da yayansu.
Maza da kansu suna zuwa ƙasar mace. Namiji ya jira har sai masoyiyarsa ta isa da kyakkyawar sutura kuma zai kwantar da duk wata fitina. Ceto canji na tsawon kwanaki a jere. Damisa zai iya miji ba tare da namiji ɗaya ba, amma da yawa. Watau, ubannin cuba canan na iya zama maza da yawa.
Kafin yin matsi, tigress ya mirgine a ƙasa na dogon lokaci kuma ya kori namiji daga kansa.
Maza dangane da jarirai ba sa nuna wariyar iyayensu. Mahaifin mahimmin ko da dole ne ya kare kodan daga mahaifinsu, tunda yana iya kashe su domin ya sake haduwa da matar.
Lokacin haihuwar shine kwanaki 103. Namiji yakan haifi jarirai a inda babu shi - a cikin kogo ko a tsakanin ciyawar ciyawa. A cikin mace ɗaya, ƙwararrun 'yan ƙwaya sau 2-3. Newayan jarirai ba su da gani da ji, kuma nauyin jikinsu ya kai kilogram 0.5-1.2. Bayan makonni 2, jarirai za su iya cin abinci mai ƙarfi, amma da gaske sun fara farauta a watanni 17-18.
Iyaye mata ba sa barin cuban sandansu na tsawon shekaru 3, bayan haka sun bar ƙasarta su rayu da kansu. Yarinya mata sun bar tigress kaɗan bayan theiran uwansu.
Alamar Malay ita ce alama ce ta ƙasar Malaysia.
Mutane da Mazajen Malay
Mutane koyaushe farauta tigers. A Koriya ta d, a, musamman an horar da su don farautar waɗannan masu farauta. Haka kuma, farauta ta al'ada ce. Yayin farauta ba shi yiwuwa a magana. Mafarautan suna sanye da kaji da shukar shudi shidda masu zane. An yi ado da kayan ado da beads masu yawa. Mafarauta sun kirkiri katako daga itace.
Kafin farauta, maza sun ci nama mai guba. Waɗannan mafarautan a Koriya suna da daraja sosai, har ma an kebe su daga harajin ƙasa. A cikin karni na XIX-XX, farautar damisa ta Malay ya kasance mai yawa tsakanin Turawan mulkin mallaka na Ingila. Mahalarta wannan farauta sun hau mahaya dawakai ko giwaye.
Twararrun Malaysi suna ɗaukar cannibals.
An yi luwadi da taimakon rago ko awaki. Don fitar da maharbi daga cikin dazuzzuka, mafarautan sun doke a cikin ruduna mai ƙarfi.
Daga Tiger da aka kashe ya sanya dabbobi masu kaya, waɗanda ke da salo sosai a cikin gidajen aristocrats. Hakanan, an yi abubuwa masu ado da kayan kwalliya daga fatansu. An yi imani da cewa kasusuwa tiger sun mallaki sihiri. Yau suna cikin buƙata a kasuwar baƙon Asiya.
A yau, farautar damisa ba bisa doka ba, amma a lokaci guda cikin yankuna da yawa sun ci gaba da yin harbi.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa damisa ta Malaysia ba ta zaman lafiya a yanayi, ba wai kawai ta kai hari kan dabbobi bane, har ma an yi rikodin maganganun na cin naman mutane. Daga shekara ta 2001 zuwa 2003, mutane 41 suka mutu a cikin jita-jitar waɗannan mafarautan a Bangladesh.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.
Panthera tigris jacksoni (Luo et al., 2004)
Range: musamman ma Larabawa mashigin teku - gefan kudu na Thailand da Malesiya na larabawa. Ba a san rarrabuwa game da rarrabuwa game da rarrabewar ƙasa na ƙasa na Malay da Indochinese, tunda yawan Tiger a arewacin Malaysia yana kusa da yawan jama'a a kudanci Thailand. A cikin Singapore, an lalata tigers a cikin shekarun 1950s.
Wannan tallafin ya zama ruwan dare ne kawai a shekarar 2004 (a baya ana daukar yawan mutanen mallakar tsibirin Indochinese ne). A watan Satumbar 2014, ƙididdigar yawan jama'a ya kai 250-340 manya.
Abu ne da ba kasafai ake tsammani ba a cikin Malesiya daga cikin dazuzzukan daji na arewa masu nisa da Thailand kusa da ƙarshen kudu na Asiya ta yamma. Bangarorin ban da mazauna ƙaƙƙarfan damis 3: Babban Range (kusan 20,000 km²), Greater Taman Negara (kimanin 15,000 km²) da Forestungiyar kurdawan Kudancin Ko kuma Kudancin Gida na Kudancin (kimanin 10,000 kilomita ²). A wasu wuraren, har yanzu ana samun tigers a cikin kananan gandun daji daban-daban, a kan gonakin da aka watsar da su tare da ciyawar sakandare, tare da ƙarancin yawan jama'a da hanyoyin ci gaba mara kyau. Kashi 88 cikin 100 na mazaunin tiger suna cikin jihohin Malaysia huɗu - Pahang, Perak, Terengganu da Kelantan.
Habitat: gandun daji a cikin tuddai mai nisa, yawancinsu suna kan iyakokin ƙasashe.
Mafi karami a cikin damarar damisa. Launi da launinta suna da kama da damisa ta Indochinese, amma masu girma dabam suna kusan zuwa Sumatran. Yawan nauyin maza shine kilogiram 120, mace - har zuwa kilo 100. Tsawon maza ya kai cm 237, kuma mace - har zuwa 200 cm.
Matsakaicin matsakaiciyar mace na 16 daga jihar Terengganu shine 203 cm (180-260 cm), tsayinsa shine 58-104 cm, nauyi shine kilogram 24-88. Matsakaicin matsakaita na maza 21 daga jihar Terengganu shine 239 cm (190-280 cm), tsayi 61-114 cm), nauyin jiki 47.2-129.1 kg.
Twararrakin Malay suna kama ganima a zambars, muntzhaks, sears, boars daji da sauran ungulates. Ersan Tigers a cikin Taman Negara kuma suna yin farauta a kan berayen Malay ko Biruang (Helarctos malayanus). Wataƙila an haɗa da launin baho a cikin abincinsu, amma irin wannan ganima yana da ƙarancin gaske. Hakanan ba a sani ba ko an haɗa ganuwa a cikin babban abincin.
Lokacin farauta, tigers sun dogara da gani da ji fiye da ƙanshin. Nasarar farauta yawanci tana kunshe da ƙoƙarin 1-10. Tigen daji yana iya cinye kilo 40 na nama a lokaci guda. A cikin bauta, ana ba Tiglature 5 kilogiram 5 na nama sau 5-6 a mako.
A cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi, saboda ƙarancin ƙananan ungulates, ƙarancin tiger yayi ƙasa sosai (1.1-1.98 a kowace 100 km²), tunda don kiyaye yuwuwar dambar Tiger na akalla 6 mace, yankin yakamata ya wuce 1000 km².
A wasu yankuna, maza yawanci suna mamaye yanki na kusan 100 km², wanda yawanci har zuwa mata 6 yawanci suna tare.
Dabbobi yawanci kawai ne. Suna zuwa tare kawai don ma'aurata, wani lokacin don raba babban ganima. Galibi, idan aka samu nasarar kashe babban wanda aka kashe, damisa yakan iya fashewa da tsawa da za a iya ji daga nesa mai nisa. Haɗin tsakanin tigers sauti ne (roar, grunts da sauran sautuka), wari (fitsari, feces) da gani (ƙira akan bishiyoyi). Yawancin lokaci tigers ba hawa bishiyoyi ba, amma yawancin abubuwan da suka faru, musamman ma waɗanda ke da ban mamaki, suna tabbatar da cewa zasu iya yin hakan idan ya cancanta. Tiger na yin iyo sosai kuma, sabanin hawa bishiyoyi, yana yin wannan sau da yawa da yardar rai. Tiger kuma yana da kyau a tsalle-tsalle, tsalle a kwance na iya zama sama da 10 m.
Sake haifuwa duk shekara. Cutar ciki shine kwana 93-112. Litter: 1-6 (a wasu kafofin - har zuwa 7), amma yawanci 2-3. Yankunan suna shayar da madarar uwa har zuwa watanni 3-6, suna da kansu sun fara farauta tun suna kimanin watanni 11, amma suna ci gaba da zama tare da mahaifiyarsu har zuwa shekaru 2-3.
Mata suna yin balaga a shekaru 3-4, maza a shekaru 4-5. Mata suna iya haihuwar kowace shekara 2-4.
Nazarin ilimin halitta da na muhalli na damadar Malay har yanzu suna cikin ƙuruciyarsu. Bayanai game da abincin, bayanan ilimin halittar jiki, sigogi na ɗabi'a, tsarin zamantakewa, alaƙa, girman wuraren yanki da ƙari, har yanzu bai isa ba.
Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna kasancewar damisis 600-800 na wannan ragin a cikin yanayin, wanda ya sa ya zama mafi girma na uku a cikin damfan damarar. Taman Negara National Park gida ne ga tsofaffin mutane Tigree da casa'in da bakwai, wadanda suka yi daidai da yawan 1.1-1.98 manya a cikin 100 km².
Koyaya, kusan kashi 90% na mazaunin tiger suna yankuna masu kariya, inda ba a san matsayin su ba.
