Tatil na Yarn Dianema (Dianema urostriata) - kifi na Callichthous ko Carapace catfish iyali (Callichthyidae). Sunan Latin: Dianema urostriata.
Gidajen ruwan dirar mage sune taskokin kogin Amazon kusa da garin Manaus a ƙasar Brazil. Ya fi son bangarori na gaɓar teku tare da ruwa mai rauni, tafkuna da magudanan ruwa tare da ƙasan laka.
Dipe-tailed dianema tana da jikin elongated, glandular. Babban launi na jiki shine launin ruwan kasa mai haske. Wani yanki mai duhu wanda aka samar da misalai da yawa suna kama da jiki. Nau'i biyu na antennae da aka sa a gaba suna kan tebur mai kaifi. Wuraren faranti wadanda ke wucewa a tsakiyar jiki suna da alaƙa da faranti kashi huɗu waɗanda ke tsakanin kitsen da ƙoshin baya. Launin jiki daga launin ruwan kasa mai haske zuwa ocher. Duk ƙeƙasun ƙyallen, ban da caudal, launin shuɗi, mai haske. A kan caudal fin, madaidaiciya fari da baƙi madaidaicin m.
Demorphism na jima'i: mace ta bambanta da maza a cikin ƙarin cikkken ciki, namiji yana da haske kuma siriri. Hasken farko na ƙwanjin ɗigon ɗigon fata mai launin ja-ruwan kasa.
A tsawon, kifin ya girma zuwa 15 cm.
Dianema mai ɗaukar ƙaunar zaman lafiya, kifi makaranta. Ya fi son zama a cikin tsakiyar da ƙananan matakan ruwa. Kifi yakan tashi zuwa lokaci-lokaci zuwa saman ruwa don ya hadiye iskar yanayi don numfashi. Swirls ruwa, a cikin neman abinci na iya tono ƙasa, son rai tsaye a kan hanya. Murmushi, cikin tsoro, shiga cikin yashi, a ɓoye cikin mafaka. Yayi daidai da kifin ruwan kifayen salama iri ɗaya, daidai gwargwado.
Ana buƙatar akwatin kifaye daga tsawon 80 cm. Mafi ƙarancin shawarar akwatin kifaye don garken mutane 6-7: aƙalla lita 100. A cikin akwatin kifaye ya kamata a sami mafaka daga hadaddun tsirrai na tsirrai da tsirrai. Kamar yadda ƙasa, yashi mai zagaye ya dace.
Kifi suna aiki da maraice da daddare, saboda a wannan lokacin suna ciyarwa. Abinci: raye, madadin abubuwa.
Incarfafawa don ƙwanƙwasawa shine raguwa a matsin lamba na yanayi da rage zafin jiki ta 2 - 3. Yana tsinkewa a cikin akwatin katangar daban tare da ƙara 50 l ko sama da haka, wanda yakamata ya kasance akwai wani tsiro mai cike da tsalle-tsalle a kan ruwa, alal misali, nymphaea, ko faifan filastik kusan 20 cm a diamita. Fresh ruwa a cikin spawning yana da sigogi iri ɗaya, ban da yawan zafin jiki, wanda shine 2-4 ° C ƙasa da ƙasa cikin akwatin kifaye gaba ɗaya. Namiji daga kumfa yana gina gida a jikin takardar, macen ta sanya shi a ciki, tana gogewa a kasan takardar, har zuwa qwai 500. Bayan tsallakewa, an kwance mata abin. Namiji yana kare gida tare da qwai. Akwai wasu lokuta lokacin da namiji ya fara cin caviar, to akwai buƙatar tura shi zuwa wani akwatin na daban.
Abinda tare da caviar, da zaran ya kara duhu, an tura shi zuwa incubator, saboda a farkon kwanakin rayuwa, soya suna da matukar damuwa ga tsauraran zafin jiki, kasancewar abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ruwa, kuma suma suna iya saurin kamuwa da su. Ruwa a cikin injin yakamata ya ƙunshi methylene blue a cikin adadin 5 MG kowace lita. Lokacin shiryawa shine kwanaki 4-5, wani rana kuma bayan an ninkaya. Fara ciyarwa: nauplii artemia, rotifers.
Dianem-ta-dianem ya kai lokacin balaga yana dan shekara 1-1.5.
Iyali: Callichthy ko Carapace Catfish (Callichthyidae)
Asali: Brazil
Zazzabi na ruwa: 20-27
Rashin ruwa: 6.0-7.5
Wuya: 4-20
Masu shimfiɗa mahalli: na tsakiya, ƙananan
Bayyanar
Dianema mai yatsun ta ya girma har tsawon cm 15 Jikin yana da kamannin wuta, launin ruwan kasa mai haske. Smallanana, duhu shimfidawa sun watsuwa a kanta, ciki mai haske ne, ƙwanƙolin caudal yana bifurcated, fari. Akwai gefuna madaidaiciya na kwance biyar a jikinta. A cikin sasanninta na bakin akwai nau'i biyu na dogon wando. Idanun suna da girma. Maza sunada tabarbarewa fiye da mace. An bambanta maza da maza ta ƙarfin haske mai launin shuɗi mai ruwan shuɗi.
Yanayin tsarewa
Dauke cikin kungiyoyi a cikin wurare masu yawa a cikin ruwa. Ana iya adanar shi a cikin babban akwatin ruwa tare da mafaka da katako waɗanda ke haifar da wurare masu duhu. Yanayi: zazzabi ruwa + 20 ... + 28 ° C, taurin 5-20 ° dH, pH 6.0-7.2.
Anan wake-wake mai ƙyalli sune kifi mai ƙaunar zaman lafiya. A cikin neman abinci, suna motsa hazo a hankali. Abinci: raye, madadin abubuwa.
Kiwo
Balagagge 1-1.5 shekaru. Ciyarwa na motsa jiki a rage hauhawar yanayi da raguwar yawan zafin jiki ta 2-2 ° C.
A dabi'a, ana neman wuraren kwanciyar hankali a farfajiyar ruwa, ciyawar dake cike da tsiron teku, ana nemanta. Maza suna gina shugannin kumfa a kan ɓarnar ofan tsire-tsire. A cikin bauta, filayen filayen za'a maye gurbinsu da filastik faranti juya, a rataye su a ƙasa. Matar ta sanya ƙwai 500 a cikin gida. Gida yana kula da maza. Akwai lokuta da namiji ya fara cin caviar, sabili da haka, ya kamata a canja faranti tare da caviar zuwa tasoshin daban, ruwan da ya kamata ya dace da sigogi masu zuwa: 24 ° C, pH 7.0, dGH 8-10 °, dKH ƙasa da 2 °. Ana iya ɗanɗana ruwa da ɗanɗano methylene. Lokacin shiryawa yana kwana 5. Yana faruwa da cewa wasu tayi ne ba za su iya fashewa da warkewar ƙwayayen ba, za a iya taimaka musu da raunin haske akan bawo tare da ƙarshen gashin tsuntsu. A soya fara yin iyo a cikin rana, lokacin da gwaiduwa ta warware. Abincin farko shine artemia da rotifers. Kwanakin farko, kananan yara suna da matukar damuwa ga kasancewar abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ruwa da raguwar zazzabi, kuma suna iya fuskantar hare-hare akai-akai ta hanyar mold, wanda kan iya haifar da mutuwar kifi. Ana iya magance wannan ta hanyar tace ruwa ta hanyar carbon da ke aiki da canzawa akai-akai game da rabin girman tsohuwar ruwa. A tsawon lokaci, rage karfin toya zuwa illa mai lalacewa ya rage kaɗan.
DIANEMA OF UROSTRIATE ko DIANEMA TAFIYA TAN (Dianema urostriata)
Kifi suna da siffar jiki mai launi da launi launin ruwan kasa mai haske. Wani duhun duhu wanda ya kunshi dimbin tabo suna gudana cikin jikin gaba daya. An nuna kai da nau'i biyu na kananan eriyoyi. A cikin jiki na sama, tsakanin ƙonewar da ƙoshin mai, akwai faranti masu kaifi, waɗanda ke aiki azaman kayan aiki mai kariya daga hare-haren kifayen da ke fitarwa. A kan wutsiya akwai sauyawa tare da kowane ratsi na fari na baki da fari. Duk sauran arean tsini suna bayyana tare da ɗanɗanar launin shuɗi. Maza, sabanin mace, suna da launi mai haske da siririn jiki. Fuskokinsu na fari sune ƙusoshin ruwan da ke launin ja. Mata suna da ƙarin zagaye ciki. A cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye, girman kifin ya kai 15 cm.
Dianema stripe-tailed lumana, makarantar kifi. Mafi yawan lokaci kifin suna ciyarwa a cikin ƙananan da tsakiyar ɓangaren ruwa na akwatin kifaye. Dianemas yana hura iska, saboda haka lokaci-lokaci suna iyo zuwa ruwa a bayan numfashinsa. A lokacin cin abinci, waɗannan kifayen suna motsa ruwa sosai, idan kuwa tsoro ya tona ƙasa gaba ɗaya. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin akwatin kifaye kuma don ƙarfafa asalinsu tare da manyan duwatsu ko kuma a dasa a cikin ƙananan tukwane, in ba haka ba duk tsire-tsire za a tsage daga ƙasa tare da asalinsu. Ana iya kiyaye kifi tare da wasu kifin masu ƙaunar zaman lafiya, daidai gwargwado.
Don kiyaye garken tumatir mai ruwan ɗorawa a cikin adadin 5-6 inji mai kwakwalwa. kuna buƙatar akwatin kifaye tare da tsawon 80 cm da ƙarar 100 l. Wajen kewaye da akwatin kifaye ya kamata a dasa densely tare da tsire-tsire kuma suna da adadin mafaka a cikin nau'ikan snags da grottoes. Kamar yadda ƙasa take, zaku iya amfani da sandar kogin m ko tsakuwa mai kyau.
Musanya ruwa dole ne ya wadatar da halaye masu zuwa: zazzabi 20-28 ° C, taurin dH 2-20 °, acidity pH 6.0-7.2. Ana buƙatar inganta matatar ruwa, kazalika da juzu'inta sashi na 1/3 na sati.
Kifi yana ciyar da abinci iri daban-daban da kuma abinci. Saboda gaskiyar cewa babban aikin kifi yana cikin magariba da daddare, wajibi ne a ciyar da su da yamma.
Dianema uroranriate ya zama ya balaga lokacin da yake da shekara 1-1.5.
Don tsallakawa, zaɓi akwatin kifaye tare da ƙaran akalla lita 50. A cikin ƙasa mai bushewa, wajibi ne don sanya daji mai tsire-tsire tare da fadi da dogayen ganye waɗanda suka isa saman ruwa kuma su shimfiɗa shi. Madadin haka, zaku iya sanya shuka mai iyo a saman ruwa, alal misali, nymphaeum.
Sakamakon fara farawa shine raguwa a cikin matsin yanayi, haka kuma rage yawan zafin jiki ta 2-3 zuwa C. Kafin tsallakewa, namiji yana gina gida mai kumfa a cikin ganyen tsire-tsire a saman ruwa, bayan haka mace macen ta tsiro kusan ƙwai 500 masu tsayawa a wurin, waɗanda ke manne da ƙasan takardar. Nan da nan bayan an yi niyya, an shuka mace, sai an bar namiji ya kula da yaran gaba. Idan an lura cewa namiji ya fara cin caviar kaɗan kaɗan, to dole ne a sake kashewa.
An saka Caviar tsawon kwanaki 4-5, kuma koda bayan kwana daya soya ya fara iyo don neman abinci. A wannan lokacin, sun fara ciyar da su da rotifers da brine shrimp.
Ya kamata ka san cewa a cikin kwanakin farko na kasancewarta, soya suna da matukar damuwa ga canji mai kaifi a cikin zafin jiki kuma ga babban abun ciki na wasu abubuwan gina jiki da ke cikin ruwa, wadanda ke taimakawa faruwar cututtukan fungal. Don rigakafin, yana da kyau a ƙara methylene shuɗi a cikin rabo na 5 MG a kowace lita 1 na ruwa zuwa akwatin kifaye tare da soya.
Tsawon lokacin rayuwar balaguro na cikin balaguron yanayi kusan shekaru 10 ne.
Dianema mai santsi-Unada (Urostriata) - Maƙabin gidan kifaye
Dystema urostriata - kifi daga dangin kifayen maciji, da oda "kifayen kifi".
Suna zaune a cikin ruwan Amazon. Hakanan, ana iya samun waɗannan kifaye a arewacin Kudancin Amurka.
Diannes Urostriatus yayi girma a matsakaita har zuwa cm 15. A fentin jiki a launin launi mai haske tare da ƙananan aibobi masu duhu.
Duk ƙeƙasun ƙusoshin, ban da caudal, ba mai launi. Kawai yana da haske milky haske, kuma yana da rabe-raben kwance biyar na launin baƙi.
Dianema mai santsi (Dianema urostriatum).
Wakilan waɗannan kifayen suna kuma da eriya iri iri da idanun manyan mutane.
Zaka iya bambance wani saurayi daga mace ta hanyar farin zinare.
Kiwo
Dianmes mai tsatsauran rago ta kai ga balaga har shekara 1.5, wani lokacin har shekara 1.
Urostriates sun zama dianems na jima'i a shekara.
Gina gida shine maza. A yanayi, sun zabi tsirrai masu tsalle-tsalle masu tsalle-tsalle don waɗannan dalilai, kuma suna gina gida mai kumfa a gindin zama. A cikin akwatin kifaye, an sami nasarar wannan aikin ta hanyar filastik filastik.
Mace Dianem urostriates, a matsakaita, tayi sama da qwai 500. Bayan spawning, kuna buƙatar dasa qwai zuwa cikin wani akwatin kifaye, as suna buƙatar yanayi daban-daban na tsarewa fiye da manya. Wani muhimmin dalilin rabuwa da kwai a cikin wani jirgin ruwa shine, wani lokacin namiji zai iya fara cin shi.
Dianmes mai daskararre - kifin kifayen kifaye.
A cikin akwatin kifaye tare da yara, kuna buƙatar kula da yawan zafin jiki na 24 ° C akai-akai. Hakanan alamun masu zuwa suna da mahimmanci: pH 7.0, dKH kasa da 2 ° da dGH 8-10 °. Ya kamata a ɗanɗaɗa ɗan ruwa tare da methylene shuɗi.
Bayan kwana biyar, ƙyanƙyashe ƙyallen daga qwai. Idan kun lura cewa wani ba zai iya shiga cikin kwasfa ba, zaku iya taimaka ta hanyar buga shi da sauƙi ko kuma wani gashin tsuntsu. Da farko, soya ya kamata a ciyar da artemia da rotifers.
Dianems sun fi son abinci na musamman. ya ƙunshi ƙananan crustaceans.
Kwayoyin yara masu tasowa na da matukar tasiri ga canje-canjen muhalli daban-daban. Saboda haka, yana da muhimmanci a tabbatar cewa babu wani yalwa da abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ruwa kuma ana kiyaye yanayin zafin jiki akai-akai. Zai fi kyau maye gurbin ½ na ruwan akwatin kifaye tare da tsaftataccen ruwa koyaushe. Hakanan zai zama da amfani a tace ta ta carbon mai aiki. A cikin lokaci mai tsawo, yara zasu daina kasancewa da sha'awar canje-canje a yanayin su.
Don kwanciyar hankali mai kyau tare da Dianemus urostriates a cikin akwatin kifaye, suna buƙatar wurare tare da faɗuwar rana. Don ƙirƙirar su, zaka iya amfani da kowane nau'in mafaka da tsirrai.
Dianmes-saƙar Tatsuniya tana da mamaki abin ƙaunar zaman lafiya.
Ya kamata a kiyaye zafin jiki na ruwa a 20-28 ° C, pH 6-7.2, kuma tauri (dH) ya kamata ya kasance a cikin yankin na 5-20 °.
Yawancin lokaci ana ajiye wakilan Dianem urostriates a cikin rukuni. Suna tare da wasu kifayen, saboda yanayin kwanciyar hankalinsu. Babban abu shine tabbatar da cewa akwatin kifayen filin yayi wa kowa kyau.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.
Dianema Mai Tsarma (Dianema urostriatum)
Take. Dianema Dianema
Dianema longibarbis (Long-barked, ko Bronze Dianema)
Dianema urostriatum (Rage Dianema)
Iyalin. Callichtov, ko kifin katako mai karko (callichthyidae).
pH: 6,8 — 7,2 / 6.0 — 7,2
dH: 5 — 18° / 17 — 20°
Ruwa zazzabi: 23 - 27 ° C / 20 - 28 ° C
Tsarin akwatin kifaye: fiye da 100 don garken guda 5-6
Habitat catfish dianem karfe wuraren waha na ruwa a Peru da Brazil. Sun fi son gaɓar sassan ruwa na ruwa mai santsi, haka kuma tafkuna da tafkuna tare da ruwan da aka toshe, wanda inuwar ciyayi ke tsiro. Tsarin halittar "Dianema" ya ƙunshi komai nau'o'i biyu: Dianema longibarbis (dianema mai dogon-ruwa ko dabbar tagulla) da Dianema urostriatum (dianema-stripe-tailed). Haka kuma, idan dogon-barkwanci ya zama ruwan dare a yankin Mato Grosso r. Ba'amurke, mai rikice-rikice dianema ya zama ruwan dare a cikin ruwan babban kotun sa, Rio Negro.
A cikin yanayin muhalli, ana yin yaduwar ganye ne akan ganyen ciyayi masu yawo da ruwa. Lokacin yin kiwo a cikin akwatin kifaye, ana amfani da faranti filastik don waɗannan dalilai, a baya an gyara su zuwa farfajiya ko kuma takardar nymphaea. Maza suna gina mazaunin kumfa kuma suna kiyaye ƙwai a hankali, ba barin ƙifayen da suke ciki. Incarin fara farawa zai zama raguwa a matakin ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye da ƙari da yawan ruwan tsarkakakke, gami da raguwa da matsin lamba.
Dogonma - Dianema longibarbis (Cope, 1872) - Yana da jiki mai santsi, zagaye har zuwa 9 cm a girma (hoton a sama). Ya danganta da yanayin tsarewar, launin yana bambanta daga launin beyi zuwa inuwa tagulla. Tana da ƙeƙasassun launuka masu launin shuɗi. Akwai fin fin kitsen. An rufe gawar da wasu baƙar fata masu yawa, waɗanda suke haɗaka a tsakiyar jiki, suna samar da tsiri tsintsiya madaidaiciya. Eyesaura da idanu mai motsi shuɗi ne mai launi. An yi magana da ƙananan bakin da ke gaba sosai kuma yana ƙare da nau'i-nau'i daga antennae har zuwa 3.5 cm tsayi, tare da nau'i biyu suna nuna ƙasa, na biyu shine a kwance. Sikeli masu girma ne, akan jiki an kafa su a cikin layuka guda biyu, vaguely yayi kama da fale-falen buraka. A tsakiyar jikin su suna hade, wanda a bayyane yake a gani. Abun ciki yana da haske, lokacin da kifin ya yi farin ciki ya zama mai launin shuɗi. Maza suna da silala fiye da mace, suna da ƙarin haskoki mai ɗimbin yawa na ƙoshin ɗigon ruwa. A cikin maza manya, layin ciki ya kusan kai tsaye.
Bronze Dianema, dianema longibarbis
Don kiyaye kifin kifi, kuna buƙatar akwatin kifaye aƙalla 80 cm, kuna buƙatar ajiye su cikin garken. An yarda da abun ciki a cikin akwatin kifaye na kowa tare da rabo iri ɗaya na kifin mai ƙaunar salama. Halin halayyar mutum shine ikon iya daskarewa ba tare da motsi ba a cikin ruwan ruwa, kuma bayan ɗan lokaci kaɗan dianems ya ci gaba da yin iyo a cikin akwatin kifaye. Ana bukatar shinge da sasanninta mai inuwa, wani lokacin kuma su zama juzu'i. Ruwan yana da peaty, mai taushi, mai matsakaici.
Iyalin kifayen-kifi na dauke da iska mai iska kuma diannes ba su da bambanci, yawanci suna kan iyo zuwa saman akwatin kifaye don ɗaukar ruwan oxygen. Za a bukaci tashin hankali da kuma tace ruwa mai inganci. Canjin mako na ¼ girma na akwatin kifaye ake bukata. Kuna buƙatar ƙasa mai laushi (yashi ko tsakuwa mai tsakuwa), saboda yayin da kuke kula da akwatin kifaye, kifayen suna jin tsoro kuma suna ƙoƙarin tono a ciki. Hakanan, kifayen suna rayar da ƙasa lokacin ciyarwa. Ciyar da rai da hade abinci. Zai fi dacewa a cikin duhu.
Dianema urostriata (Ribeiro, 1912) suna da jiki mai fasinja mai nauyin 10-12 cm tsayi, wanda ya ƙare da babban finfin fata (a hoton da ke ƙasa). A kusa da bakin akwai wata takaddara mai duhu wacce ta zana kan karar wutsiya. A ruwan wutsiya wutsiya, farar fata biyu da baƙi sun shude. Suna nan kwance. Raguna an fentin su a sautin jiki - launin launin ruwan kasa-yashi.Diane mai sanyi uromriate yana da eriya mai motsi 4 waɗanda ke kan lebe na sama da a cikin sasann bakin. Tsawon eriya shine 1/3 na girman jiki. Idanun suna da girma, ta hannu. Abun ciki na mace ya cika ta daga maza. Halin kifin yana da kwanciyar hankali, garken. Tana samun daidaito sosai a cikin ruwa na gama gari tare da wakilan characinids da cyprinids. A koyaushe suna cikin motsawa, suna ji da antennae su mafi sasannin sasanninta na akwatin kifaye suna birgima ƙasa. Carfin taguwar yaɗa girma ya fi ta tagulla. Yanayin a cikin akwatin kifaye daidai yake da na tagulla na tagulla.
Dianema mai rarrabewa, dianema urostriatum
Dianema na Urostriatus
Dianema na Urostriatus
| Mulkin: | Dabbobi |
| Nau'i: | Chordate |
| Subtype: | Vertebrates |
| Gilashi: | Fishe |
| Fasali: | Kifi kifi |
| Subclass: | Kifin Rayfin |
| Squad: | Kifi mai Kifi |
| Iyali: | Shell Catfish |
| Jinsi: | Dianema |
| Duba: | Dianema na Urostriatus |
| lokacin |
