Kawai labarai game da nau'in kare ya kamata a sanya su a cikin wannan rukuni. Ga ƙungiyoyin kiwo, Kashi: gungiyoyin kare asali Dog.
Bangaren ta atomatik ya ƙunshi labaran da ke amfani da samfuran katin "<Dog Breed >>, << Dogbreed >>. Don labarin a cikin abin da akwai irin wannan katin kada ku fada wannan rukuni (alal misali, labarin game da gungun nau'ikan kare), kuna buƙatar cika filin Kategorien a cikin samfuri, yana nuna nau'in da ake so a ciki.
Dukkanin karen kare a cikin kundin tsarin
Kayayyakin kare da ke cikin Dogida an ninkaya shekaru dubbai da yawa. Wannan tsari yana ci gaba har zuwa yau. Sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa basu da bambancin kwayoyin halitta kamar karnuka. Menene banbanci sosai tsakanin Chihuahua da Babban Dane?
Akwai fassarori daban-daban na abin da ake kira "shayarwa." An samar da nau'ikan nau'ikan dabbobi gwargwadon aikin da aka saƙa wa dangin. Yawancin nau'in kare da aka yiwa rijista sune kiwo na gargajiya tare da tarihi mai tsayi. Asalin wasu nau'in kare ya danganta ne kai tsaye tare da kasashe biyu ko uku. Dukkanin karen kare na gargajiya an jera su ne a kan FCI (International Cynological Federation), amma har yanzu wasu sabbin dabbobin suna ci gaba.
Ta hanyar aiki, dukkan nau'ikan karnuka sun kasu kashi biyu kamar karnuka masu aiki, karnuka na gida (gida), karnukan shanu, karnukan tsaro, karnukan farauta. Ana amfani da karnukan aiki, alal misali, don warkewa ko aikin 'yan sanda. Ana ba da karnukan dangi don gida kuma basu da wata manufa ta aiki. Karnukan dabbobi suna aiki da dabbobi. Dole karnukan tsaro su kare dukiya. Suna yin kuka da karfi yayin da suka hango mai kutse, ta haka suka gargadi maigidan nasu. Farauta mai kare kare ya taimakawa mai shi a farauta. Nau'ikan karnuka daban-daban suna da ƙwarewar farauta. An gaji karnukan da ke cikin jirgin ruwa don jigilar kayayyaki a kungiyoyi a cikin yankuna masu nisa.
Bari muyi dalla-dalla sosai kan kowane nau'in nau'in kare da kare:
- Yaƙe karnukan karnuka ne karnuka da aka gina ta kansu (galibi suna haɗuwa da mutane) ta wannan hanyar don haifar da babbar illa ga abokan gaba. Da farko, an kuma yi amfani da su a yaƙin kare, amma, bayan an dakatar da wannan nau'in a duniya, ana amfani da waɗannan karnukan na musamman don dalilai na kariya da kariya.
- Hypoallergenic - nau'in kare wanda ba ya haifar da rashin lafiyar jiki, da farko saboda ƙarancin abun ciki na wasu abubuwan da ke damun ƙwayar mucous. Amma la'akari da gaskiyar cewa rashin lafiyan ya bambanta, kuma idan mutum, alal misali, yana da asma tare da rashin lafiyan gashi gashi da furucin, to a gare shi karen hypoallergenic ba shi da matsala. Bayan duk wannan, harin da kanta ya haifar ne da suturar da kanta, kuma abubuwan da fatar karen sirrinsu tuni sun zama sakandare. Sabili da haka, idan kuna da takamaiman ƙwayar cuta, yana da kyau ku nemi shawarar ƙwararre kafin ku sayi aboki mai kafa huɗu.
- Kayan ado - a matsayinka na mai mulki, waɗannan ƙananan karnuka ne waɗanda ke da aikin guda ɗaya kawai - don zama kyakkyawa kuma sahabban cute ga mutane. An yi amfani da wasu daga cikin ire-iren waɗannan don farauta, amma a cikin duniyar yau, farauta ƙananan dabbobi ta yin amfani da irin waɗannan ƙananan karnuka.
- Ga yara - wannan rukuni ya haɗa da waɗancan karnukan da ke da alaƙa da yara kuma suna iya aiki a matsayin nau'in yarny. Misali, duk masu kaunar karnuka sun san cewa nau'in Labrador Retriever yana da kyau ga iyalai da kananan yara. A zahiri, har ma da kare mai yiyuwa na iya samun ƙauna mai kyau ga yara, misali mai kyau shi ne mai jigon rami.
- Don kariya - galibi, sun haɗa da waɗancan karnuka waɗanda bisa ga dabi'a suna da babban sadaukarwa da halaye masu gwagwarmaya. Irin waɗannan karnukan bazai dace da kare yankin wani gida mai zaman kansa ba, amma game da kariya daga hare-hare akan maigidan, basu da daidaito anan. Tabbas, idan kuna son samun irin wannan kare, yana da kyau ku ba shi horo mai dacewa daga mai horar da ƙwararru.
- Don wani gida - m, waɗannan karnukan sun haɗa da nau'ikan dabbobi waɗanda, saboda halinsu da yanayin ɗakunan hauka, sun dace don ci gaba a cikin wani gida. A zahiri, duk da cewa galibin waɗannan dabbobi ƙanana ne ko matsakaitan girma, wannan ba koyaushe yake yanke hukunci ba. Akwai manyan karnuka da suka dace sosai a cikin wani gida na birni na talakawa. Kuma, akasin haka, akwai karnuka masu matsakaici waɗanda suka fi so su kasance a kan titi, sabili da haka, idan suna zaune a wani gida, suna buƙatar tafiya mai tsayi.
- Sledding - duk da cewa tafiya a kan filayen da dusar ƙanƙara ke rufe da karnuka na ƙara zama wani abu na baya-bayan nan, waɗannan dabbobin sun shahara sosai. Da farko dai - godiya ga bayyananniyar bayyanar da kuma wayewar hankali. Wataƙila shahararrun shahararren shine husky da lastute.
- Farauta - da fari, waɗannan karnuka ne da ke da dabi'ar kamanci don farauta, kamar yadda za a iya magana, wani nau'in ƙwaƙwalwar ƙabila, da kuma wani halin jiki. A matsayin misali, ana iya kawo Poan Pointer - jingina, murfi, karnuka masu wuya tare da kyawawan dabi'un farauta. Wani sanannen shahararren shine Greyhound, ko Greyhound.
- Sentinels - wannan rukuni ya haɗa da waɗancan dabbobi waɗanda, saboda halayensu da halayyar ɗan adam, suna da kyau don kare filayen masu zaman kansu. Yawancin lokaci, waɗannan karnuka suna da yankuna sosai, marasa tsoro, suna da girma masu girma, babban iko kuma suna da ban mamaki tare da baƙi. Mafi kyawun misali na kare mai tsaro shine Alabai, ko makiyayi Asiya ta Tsakiya.
Zabi kare daidai.
Kamar yadda kuka rigaya kuka fahimta, kowane ɗayan dabbobi zai iya kasancewa lokaci ɗaya cikin nau'ikan da yawa. Misali, karen kare na iya zama ya dace da mahalli, kuma wasu nau'in kayan ado na iya zama hypoallergenic.
Zaɓin aboki mai kafaɗun kafa huɗu yana biye cikin hikima, bayan auna nauyi da fa'ida. Haka kuma, a nan kuna buƙatar yin tunani ba kawai game da jin daɗin kanku da amincinku ba, har ma game da yadda yanayin rayuwa wanda zaku iya ba dabba dacewa dashi.
Ba wai rayuwar ku ba kawai a cikin shekaru 15 zuwa 15-20 na gaba zai dogara da zaɓin ku, har ma da rayuwar aboki mai kafa huɗu, lafiyar sa da lafiyar sa. Sabili da haka, bai kamata ku zabi zabi dangane da sha'awar lokaci ba.
Abin da kare na zabi
Karnuka daidai ne sanannun dabbobin gida, wasu lokuta suna raba dabino tare da kuliyoyi. Koyaya, ba kamar kuliyoyin sarauta ba, waɗanda yawanci ke kan tunaninsu, suna shirye su hau wuta kuma cikin ruwa a bayan mai shi. Abu ne mai wahala ka ga kimar waɗannan dabbobin - suna aiwatar da tsare-tsare da aiyukan bincike, zama jagora ga nakasassu, taimako a kama wasan, shiga cikin kiwo da kare garken dabbobi, jawo keken doki, juyayi su zama abokan aboki masu aminci da aminci, a shirye suke da tsadar rayukansu don tsayawa kan mai shi. Ba abin mamaki bane cewa daidai karnukan da ake girmamawa a cikin mutane - an ambace su a cikin wallafe-wallafen, ana yin fim a cikin fina-finai, ba a taɓa mutuwa a cikin abubuwan tarihi a cikin duniyarmu ba.
Yau an gama Nau'ikan karnuka 400 - kankanin kankane (alal misali, chihuahua, Terverleyre abin wasan Rasha, Pekingese, Yorkshire terrier, da sauransu) da kuma babbar (Great Dane, St. Bernard, Turanci, Spanish, Tibetan mastiffs), mai kaifin fata (Doberman, Greyhound, Dalmatian, Terriershire terrier na Amurka) kuma an yi masa ado da doguwar ulu (Maltese lap-dog, Shih Tzu, hound Afghan, Shapendua). Babban Bambanci tsakanin karnukan da ke da tsabta a cikin karnuka (abin da ake kira mongrels) ya ƙunshi tsoma bakin mutane cikin kamanninsu da ci gaban su. Mafi yawan nau'ikan kare sun kasance ne ta hanyar masu ilimin halittar jini, masu shayarwa, wadanda aikinsu yayi niyyar kiwo da wani yanayi na waje. Banda shi ne edsan asalin, wanda aka kafa a zamanin da ta hanyar yanayi a ƙarƙashin tasirin wani yanayi (Samoyeds, karnukan makiyaya na Asiya ta Tsakiya, da sauransu.). An kirkiro nau'in Dog don bautar da mutum a wani yanki na musamman - a kan farauta, a cikin harkokin soji, don kare gidaje da sauran filayen. Sau da yawa, aikin masana kimiyya shine haifar da ƙarnuka na cikin gida, waɗanda aka yi niyya kawai don su gamsu da ganin mai shi.
Tarihin bayyanar ire-iren karnuka daban-daban
Idan muka juya ga tsohuwar tarihi, zamu iya gano asalin magabacin dukkan karnukan kare na yau - kyarkeci. Ra'ayoyin masana kimiyyar sun banbanta lokacin da kyarkeci ya ke, a cewar wasu kafofin, wannan ya faru ne daga shekaru 15,000 zuwa 50,000 da suka gabata. Ba a bayyana dalilan yin wasiku ga kungiyoyin mutane ba. Versionaya daga cikin sigar ya ce mutanen da ke zaune a ƙauyuka sun yi amfani da kyarma don farauta da bukatun kansu (an cinye naman karnukan kyarketai, an cire sutura daga fatalwar). Wani fasalin kuma shine dabbobin daji da kansu sun nemi abinci daga mutanen zamanin. Duk da haka aka raunana kuma aka fitar da su daga garken, mutane daban-daban suna da mazaunan mazaunan kuma ana amfani da su don farauta iri ɗaya da kariya ta mahalli. An gano ragowar karnuka a duk nahiyoyi ba tare da togiya ba, hotunansu sun mutu a cikin tsohon tarihi da zane-zane, wanda ke nuna shaharar wadannan dabbobi.
Boar farauta mai ban sha'awa tare da kare, tsohuwar sigar zane-zane ta Roman
Tsoffin nau'ikan karnuka kafa a Duniya a lokacin da babu wanda ya san game da zaɓi. Waɗannan mutane ɗaiɗaikun ne (na asali ko na asali), wanda DNA ce ta fi kusa da makiyaya - Akita da Shiba Inu, Alaskan Malamutes, Siberian Husky, Sharpei da sauransu. A tsawon lokaci, ban da karnukan ƙasashe, karnukan masana'anta suka bayyana - an ƙone su sakamakon ƙetare dabbobin dabbobi daban-daban. Tushen samuwar yawancin nau'ikan masana'antu ya kasance inbreeding - intrageneric crossbreeding na 'yan asalin, kazalika da gano da kuma kawar da sakamakon da ba a ke so ba (m ko yanayin rashin kunya, tsarin jiki mara kyau, waje mara kyau). Dorewar Dog ya kai kololuwa a ƙarni na 19 zuwa 20, lokacin da yawancin kungiyoyin kare suka inganta kuma suka amince da su daga ƙungiyoyin kimiyyar halittu.
Iri nau'in Kayan Kiwo
Dangane da ka'idodi na Kungiyar Kayan Tsarin Duniya na kasa, ana iya raba nau'ikan kare kamar haka cikin rukuni:
Karnukan tsaro - ayyukansu suna da niyyar kare kayan mai shi. Jin hatsarin, karnukan tsaro suna yi wa mai shi gargaɗi da ƙara mai fashewa, a lokaci guda suna ɓoye yiwuwar marasa lafiya. Koyaya, harin da aka yiwa abokin gaba ba a cikin ayyukan irin waɗannan dabbobi (wannan shine babban bambancin su daga karnukan tsaro). Mafi yawan lokuta, a maimakon haka ana shigo da manyan dabbobin gida a matsayin masu tsaro, masu iya tsoratar da abin da ke faruwa game da lafiyar wani da iri daya. Wannan rukunin ya hada da makiyaya Jamusawa da Caucasian, masu tsaron Moscow, Rottweilers.
Kare karnuka - amfaninsu - hari na shiru da ba tsammani akan baƙon da ya zo da niyyar mugunta cikin yankin mai shi. Ba kamar doan tsaro ba waɗanda ke ba da babbar murya idan akwai yuwuwar haɗari, karnukan da suke gadi suna magana a hankali. A umurnin mai shi, kare ya zama tilas a bar cin "ganima", a kowane hali ba shirya yakin jini ba. Karnukan tsaro - Dobermans, masu siyar da kayan sawa, Cane Corso, mafiya yawan karnukan makiyaya ana iya samun horo sosai don tsare dukiyar mai shi.
Mafarautan karnuka - wannan rukunin sun hada da gundogs (Hungary vyzhl, setters, Weimar gundogs), greyhounds (Rasha na canine greyhound, Hortaya, Afghan hound da sauransu), hound (Russian piebald, Estonian, English-Russian hound), retrinto (Labrador, Zinare, Curly Retriever), Spaniels (American and English Cocker Spaniels, Sussex da Welsh Springer Spaniels), Dachshunds, Terrier (Yagd Terrier, Fox Terrier, Jack Russell Terrier da sauran nau'ikan), Spitz da Huskies - suna cikin rukuni ɗaya (sanannun Yakut huskies, Karelian bear karnuka, Finnish sprayz, da sauransu. wasu).
Karnukan makiyayi - wanda aka kirkira domin taimakawa a gona. Aikin su na kiwo ne, na kare shanun daga amana daga maharbi, da korar marasa lafiya daga gidajen mai shi. Yawancin karnukan makiyaya a cikin birane sannu a hankali sun zama karnukan mataimaka saboda tsarin kwanciyar hankali na rayuwa, ɗaukar nauyi da aminci, kazalika da hukuma har ma da tsaro da tsaro (kamar, makiyayi, a Jamusanci). Karnukan dabbobi - Collie, Moody, Croatian, Fotigal, makiyayi Romaniya.
Karnukan cikin gida - waɗannan dabbobin suna da ƙananan girma, suna da isasshen dabara da ƙarfi don aiwatar da kowane manufa ban da nishaɗi da rakiyar mai shi. Wadannan karnukan sun hada da kiwo: chinan Jafananci, kayan wasa, Chinesean China.
Karnukan abokan - waɗannan dabbobin sun zama abokan mutane a cikin birane. Zasu iya rayuwa ba kawai a cikin ɗakin gida ba, har ma a kan titi aviary. Koyaya, duk abokan haɗin gwiwa suna buƙatar sadarwa ta dogon lokaci tare da mai shi, wasanni, tafiya. Irin waɗannan nau'in kare na kare na iya zama masu girma dabam dabam, galibi ana rarrabe su da kyawawan halaye, ba cuta ba, biyayya. Ana iya rarrabe karnukan abokan zama kamar poodles, pugs, beagles, dukda cewa yawancin nau'ikan da ke da ilimin da ya dace suna iya zama aminan mutumin zamani.
Abinda ya kamata nema yayin zabar kwikwiyo
Kafin samun kwikwiyo, mai shi na gaba yana buƙatar yanke hukunci a fili game da abin da ake so da kuma dalilin kafa kare. Zai dace kuyi nazarin halayen duwatsun, don kada ku shiga matsala. Gaskiyar magana ita ce ta kokarin himma na masana kimiyya a wasu nau'ikan, babban aikin, zalunci, alal misali, ga dabbobi, faɗakarwa da rashin yarda mutum, an fara shi tun farko. Sauran nau'ikan kare, a gefe guda, ana rarrabe su da halayyar su mai laushi da gaisuwa, iyawar su don kusanci da mutane da dabbobi. Don haka, maigidan ya kamata ya fara bijiro masa da bukatunsa da halayen kare na nan gaba, bawai da bayyanar dabbar ba. Don haka, kafin siyan kare dole ne:
Yanke shawara ba kawai akan irin ba, har ma da girman dabbar. Smallarancin sararin zama ba shi da damar barin karnukan manyan dabbobi (mastiffs, karnuka, da sauransu). Bugu da kari, mutane da yawa masu kafafu hudu kamar iska suna bukatar aikin motsa jiki, wanda yawanci zai yiwu ne kawai lokacin da suke zaune a yankin kantuna ko na ƙasar da ke da shinge.
Don fahimtar ko yana yiwuwa a kula da kare mai karewa ko kare-kare mai kare. Idan mai shi na kare ba shi da ɗan lokaci, to, ba shi da hankali a fara dabba da ke buƙatar kulawa ta yau da kullun - duka dabbar da kuma gidan gaba ɗaya da aka rufe da suturar ulu za su yi laushi.
Eterayyade shekarun dabba - ppan kwikwiyo ana samun saurin yan watanni 2. A wannan yanayin, zaku iya ƙirƙirar halayen kare na yardar kanku, yayin da tsofaffi, da farko, sun fi wahalar jure yanayin karɓuwa ga sabon gidaje, kuma abu na biyu, za su sami halayen da wani mutum na waje (mai shayarwa) ya koyar.
Zaɓi jinsi na kare. Yawancin lokaci bitches suna da kyau-suna da nutsuwa fiye da maza. Yayinda maza suka kasance masu aiki sosai, ba tare da tarbiyyar da ta dace ba, suna iya tayar da gwagwarmaya da sauran dabbobi - a gida da kuma tafiya.
Gabas inda aka tsara ainihin ɗan kwikwiyo - a kasuwar tsuntsu, ta yanar gizo, a cikin gandun daji na kiwo. Farashin karnuka daga ɗakin kare suna kama da tsada, amma akwai inda zaka iya sayan dabbar lafiya da alurar riga kafi tare da takardu, waɗanda aka haife su ba tare da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ba.
Kafin sayen kwikwiyo yakamata ka tabbatar da lafiyar sa - duba yanayin hakora, idanu, kunnuwa, bugun ciki, paws, bincika sutura, kuma tabbatar da tambayar mai siyarwa (musamman idan aka sayi dabbar a kasuwa) game da iyayen karen, yanayinsa, abincinsa.
Duk abin da aka zaɓa ɗan kwikwiyo zaɓaɓɓen, mai shi ya kamata koyaushe ya kasance da sanin alhakinsa, wanda shine: kulawa mai kyau (tafiya, wanka, haɗuwa, hanyoyin tsabta), abinci mai kyau (abinci na halitta ko shirye-shiryen masana'antu), sadarwa na yau da kullun tare da kare (gami da wasanni, horo da horo), a cikin gwaje-gwaje na rigakafi na yau da kullun daga likitan dabbobi, wajen shirya wurin kare (gadon gida a farfajiyar kwanciyar hankali da lumana, aviary titin da rumbun tanti), a cikin ikonsa - kare koyaushe amma na bukatar lokaci mai yawa, zai iya zama fitina, kuma ko da ya yi aiki a kashe Annabãwa bã da mai shi, zama fitina a farko. Koyaya, halayen mai shi na iya zama mai tsauri cikin matsakaici, a kowane hali ya kamata ku doke kare ko kukan ta.