Tetra Congo (lat. Phenacogrammus interruptus, Turanci Kongo Tetra) - kifi ne daga dangin haracin, yana ƙarshen zuwa kogin Afirka na Kongo.
Kamar yadda kuka sani, mafi yawan characins suna zaune a cikin rijiyoyin Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, kuma fewan kalilan ne ke mamaye ruwan Afirka. A Kongo, suna zaune a wurare masu inuwa tare da yawan bishiyoyi masu ambaliya.
Waɗannan tetras suna da matsakaiciya a jiki - maza sun yi girma zuwa 8 cm kuma mata sun yi girma zuwa cm 5. Kwangoro ya ambata ƙaddarar jima'i.
Mafi kyawun wakilan wakilcin maza masu jima'i. Suna da babban ƙyalli mai ƙyalƙyali mai ƙyalƙyali mai fa'ida, rabe kewa mai launin zinare a bayan ta da kyakkyawa, dogaye, ƙarancin haske tare da farin iyaka. Wutsiyar kifin yana jan hankalin musamman. Tana da sifa mai ban sha'awa kama da ganiya.
Tufafin mata sun fi yawan gaske. Suna karami, mafi launin toka, launi mara hoto. Finfin ƙifarsu tana da kyau kamar yadda aka saba, kuma ratsar zinaren da take a bayansa kusan ba za iya ganuwa ba.
Duk da asalin asalinsa, Congo tana yin aiki a cikin akwatin kifaye daidai kamar yadda sauran kebantattun abubuwa. Tana da ruwa iri ɗaya iri ɗaya kuma irin na iyo, lokacin da kifin ya daskare na ɗan lokaci a sararin samaniya kuma ya riƙe matsayinsa da gajeriyar jaka.
Kongo zaɓi ne game da ingancin ruwa, don haka ga masu faraway aquarists bai dace ba, saboda yana buƙatar wasu halaye daga masu mallakar game da kula da tafki na gida. Don wadannan kifayen su rayu tsawon rai kuma suna farantawa masu rai da launin bakancinsu da halayyar su, to lallai ne a kirkiri yanayi wanda ya yi kama da yanayin wuraren rafukan Afirka:
- Tetra Kongo garke ne na makaranta, kuma ya fi kyau a adana shi a cikin babban rukuni na 6-8.
- Tun da waɗannan kifayen aji ne na ƙarami, ana ba da shawarar a saka su a cikin babban akwatin kifin. Don rukuni na kifaye za ku buƙaci damar 80 lita.
- Wannan kyakkyawan kyakkyawa ne, mai jin kunya da jin kunya. Sake sake waɗannan kifayen a hankali, dole ne a rage abubuwan damuwa. Ba za ku iya tsoratar da tetras ta hanyar kwankwasa gilashin ba da ƙasƙantar da hannunku a cikin ruwa ko wani abu na ƙasashen waje. Zai fi kyau a shigar da akwatin kifaye a cikin wani wuri mai natsuwa wanda kusan babu motsi.
- Tunda a dabi'a suna rayuwa cikin inuwa, a cikin akwatin kifaye, waɗannan kifayen ba sa son haske mai haske, don haka ya fi kyau amfani da dumin haske. Yawancin tsire-tsire masu iyo iyo zasu taimaka watsar da haskoki da ƙirƙirar wuraren da ke da inuwa.
- Wannan tattar ba shisshigi ne ga tsirrai, tana lalacewa da pleasurean kananan ganye da tsire-tsire masu taushi. Don hana wannan ko rage sha'awar kifin don ganye, ana bada shawara a haɗa a cikin abincin abinci na asalin shuka: duckweed, ganyen ganyen dandelion da nettle, bushe abinci mai ɗauke da spirulina.
- Mafi kyawun zaɓi don yin kwalliyar tafki na gida shine filin ruwan Afirka wanda ke amfani da sigaggun, ciyawar iyo iyo anubias. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne don barin isasshen sarari don iyo.
- Ya firgita ta hanyar motsi kwatsam ko buga gilashin, Congo zata iya tsoro da tsalle daga cikin akwatin kifin, don haka dole ne a tanadar da tanki tare da murfi ko gilashin murfin.
- Musamman a hankali kuna buƙatar kusanci canje-canje na ruwa. Kimanin 20-25% na jimlar adadin akwatin kifin yana buƙatar maye gurbin mako-mako. Zai fi kyau a yi ƙananan musanya kullun.
- Wadannan kifayen sun gwammace ruwan laushi da ɗan ɗanɗano, amma zasu iya rayuwa tare da taurin matsakaici da kuma tsaka tsaki. Idan kuna shirin kiwo waɗannan kifayen, to masu buƙatar suna buƙatar a kiyaye su cikin ruwa mai laushi, saboda wannan zai iya tasiri da ingancin caviar.
Sigogin ruwa da aka ba da shawarar:
- zazzabi: 23-28 ° С,
- acidity: 6.0-7.5 pH,
- taurin kai: 3-18 ° dH.
Mace Tetra Congo.
Ciyar da abinci
Wani nau'in halittar abu mai kama da ƙwaƙwalwa wanda ke ciyar da kwari da tsutsa, yawancin invertebrates, zooplankton da algae a cikin yanayi. Ba a fassara shi a cikin akwatin kifaye, yana cin abincin dabbobi a rayuwa da kuma irin daskararre tare da nishaɗi. Kada ku ƙi ciyar da bushe flake.
Wasu daga cikin abincin yakamata su zama tushen tsirrai, saboda haka ciyar da ganye mai narkewa da ruwan algae zasu amfana da kifin da kuma kiyaye ciyayi.
Kiwo
Sake haifuwa cikin bauta yayi matukar wahala, amma zai yuwu.
Balaga na jima'i na tetro Congo yana faruwa a cikin watanni 10-12. Don kiwo zaɓi mafi yawan launuka masu launi da cikakkiyar mace. Ana sanya su cikin inuwar shadda kuma an barsu izinin shiga. Kifi ya saba da sabon yanayi na dogon lokaci, kimanin kwanaki 4-5.
Dole ne a shirya farashi kafin lokacin. Ruwa da ke ciki ya zama mai taushi, har zuwa 3 ° dH, da tsaka tsaki, zazzabi ɗinsa ya zama ma'aunin digiri biyu sama da na babban akwatin kifin. Don sa masana'antun su kasance da tushe a ciki, zai fi kyau inuwa bangon da takarda mai kauri.
Yawancin tsire-tsire suna aiki kamar kayan maye, yana da kyawawa don layi tare da su. Nice na tura tetra da caviar. Bayan tsallakewa, an cire masu kera daga tsiya.
Spawning yana farawa da safe, mintuna 20-30 bayan kunna wutar. Maza sun fara korar mace da nuna musu ƙyallen mayafin mayafinsu. The dance ƙare da na tsaye tsaye tsaye na namiji sama da shuka, don haka ya kamata spawning ya isa isassun ganuwar.
Ciyarwa na iya zama ta hanu ko kuma rukuni, lokacin da mata biyu biyu ga kowane namiji. Maza suna yalwa da adadin madara a cikin ruwa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ake wadatar da shi da kwayoyin halitta, wanda shine wurin kiwo.
Mace tayi tsinkaye kimanin manyan kwayoyi 200, wanda shirme wanda yayi tsawon kwanaki 6. A cikin awanni 24-48 na farko, naman ƙwari yakan shafar naman gwari da na fari. Dole ne a cire su da hankali tare da pipette. Wannan ya kamata a yi shi a hankali, tun da harsashi na caviar yana da bakin ciki sosai kuma yana iya hawaye da sauƙi.
Bayan kwanaki 6, shiryawa ta zo karshe, sai kuma yara suka yi kyankyasai, kuma suka fara ci kwana 2-3 bayan haihuwa. A matsayin fara ciyar da amfani da ciliates, nauplii artemia, cyclops da microworms.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, zuriya ba su da yawa, amma yana girma da sauri.
Yarbuwa
Tetra Congo babban kifi ne ga babban akwatin kifayen ruwa. Ya yi kyau sosai tare da sauran tetras, iris, kifin mai zaman lafiya, zebrafish, parsing da jatan lande. Cichlids na lumana, kamar pelvicachromis da microgeophagus da ke zaune a ƙarshen ƙasa, za su iya zama maƙwabta ga waɗannan tetras suna iyo a cikin ruwa.
Ba'a ba da shawarar kiyaye tetro Kongo a cikin akwatin kifaye guda tare da kifaye waɗanda ke iya lalata ƙoshin ƙoshin, irin su sandunan Sumatran. Tun da Congo kifi ne mai kunya da jin kunya, ya fi kyau kada a ɗauke shi tare da manyan maƙwabta waɗanda ke aiki, wanda zai kasance tushen damuwa koyaushe.
Babban halayyar mutum
Kongo ta yaɗu cikin yanayi kuma ba ta fuskantar haɗari. An bayyana shi a cikin 1899 kuma ya karɓi sunan kimiyya phenacogrammus interruptus. An samo shi a cikin Afirka, a Zaire. Ya fi son zama cikin ruwan acidic da duhu. Kifi suna zama cikin garken, suna ciyar da kwari, tsirrai da tsirrai.
Kifin Kongo babban tetra ne. Yaro ya kai tsawon cm 8.5. Mace sun ɗan ƙaranci - cm 6 A matsakaita suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 5. A launi da Sikeli shimmers daga launin ruwan kasa zuwa yellowish. Rufi ta cika da farin datsa.
A cikin wannan bidiyon zaku sami ƙarin sani game da wannan kifin:
Kifin ruwan kifaye na Kongo suna da jikin da ba yafe babba da kwarara. Tana kwance a gefe. Wannan nau'in yana da ƙarancin launuka masu launin shuɗi tare da inuwa mai launin ja. Saƙar tana da faɗi uku tare da fashewa a tsakiyar. Rsarshen dorsal yana da tsawo kuma yana da tsayi. Mata basa da haske kamar maza.
Congo suna kula da makwabta a cikin akwatin kifaye, saboda wasun su na iya kaiwa hari da kakkausan hatsi. Tana da matukar tsoro kuma amintattun abokanta ba za su ba ta abinci ba. Dole ne a sarrafa shi saboda haka abincin ya isa ga duk mazaunan akwatin kifaye.
Ya na da kyau tare da baƙi baƙi, kifayen kifaye, laliuse, kyanwa.
Siffofin Kulawa
- yanayin zafin jiki - 28 ° C,
- tacewa
- wani ɓangare na ruwa ana canzawa kowane mako,
- iyo ciyayi a farfajiya,
- launin ruwan kasa bar a kasa
- tsaka tsaki ko pic acid na 6.0-7.5.
Kar ku manta da samar da yanayin da ya dace ga wannan kifin
Zai fi kyau a adana kifaye a cikin garken mutane 15 - 10, wanda yawancin maza ya kamata ya mamaye su. Don irin waɗannan ɗaruruwan ɗalibai, kuna buƙatar akwatin kifaye tare da ƙara 50 - 70 lita. Don jin dadi, kifayen za su buƙaci haske mai kyau. Zasu iya tsalle daga cikin ruwa, don haka dole ne a rufe akwatin kifaye tare da murfi kuma barin sarari kyauta tsakanin sa da ruwan.
Congo tana cin abinci iri-iri a gida. :
A bu mai kyau koyaushe canja abinci, kamar yadda kifi sami saba da daidaituwa. Yana da mahimmanci a zaɓi kawai sanannun samfuran flakes da granules, in ba haka ba akwai haɗarin siyan samfuran masu ƙarancin wuta. Tabbatar daɗa samfuran shuka da algae. Ana buƙatar abinci da yawa kowace rana.
Kiwon kifi
An sa raga a gindin akwatin kifin, kamar yadda wasu mutane ke cin ƙwayayensu. Tabbatar saita haske mai haske, tsire-tsire suna zaune, kamar yadda a cikin yanayi ke haifar da faruwa a cikin lokacin farin ciki. Wani lokacin shiri yakan ɗauki kwanaki da yawa, wani lokacin yakan fara kai tsaye. Namiji yana saurin bin mace. Ta sami damar sa har ƙwai 300 amma yawanci shine 100-200. Yawancinsu suna mutuwa a rana ta farko.
Cikakken soyayyen ya bayyana a rana ta shida. Suna ciyar da artemia, rotifers, yankan hatsi. Kuna iya ba da kwai gwaiduwa da ciliates. Fry ya kai ga balaga har zuwa watanni 10.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa
Kifi na Kongo ba shi da lafiya sakamakon rashin daidaituwa. Take hakkin filtration, karamin girma na akwatin kifaye, da dai sauransu - duk wannan yana haifar da tarin guba a cikin ruwa. Karewar daidaikun mutane ya fadi, kuma sun fara ji rauni. Saboda haka, idan mazaunan akwatin kifayen suka fara mutuwa, abu na farko da yakamata ayi shine a bincika yanayin tsare kuma a tsara su.
Idan fluff ya bayyana akan kifin, ya kamu da rashin lafiya
Har ila yau, damuwa yana haifar da hadari. An karɓa saboda ƙananan sarari da maƙwabta masu tayar da hankali. An bambanta mutane da tsoratarwa ta hanyar halayyar sabon abu, ƙyallen falle da launi mara launi. Siyarwa da jigilar kifaye a ciki ita kanta damuwa ce a gareta. Don rage shi, kashe wutar akwatin kifaye kuma kada ku rikita shi har tsawon awanni 12 bayan fara mai farawa a cikin ruwa.
Bayyanar kyandir, gansakuka da ulu a jikin kifi wani sakamako ne na cututtukan fungal. Tare da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, ko gamsai suna bayyana akan sikeli. Zai fi kyau dasa mutane da ke da cuta a cikin wani keɓaɓɓen akwatin kifaye na tsawon lokacin magani. Yana da kyau a yi wannan idan wani alamun alamun shakku ya bayyana. Yin amfani da magunguna tattauna tare da likitan dabbobi , tunda kowane yanayi yana buƙatar tsarin mutum.
Phenacogrammus interruptus (Boulenger, 1899), ko wataƙila yawancin shahararrun jinsunan Afirka na characinis a cikin ruwa na amateur. Wataƙila an san ku da wannan kifin a ƙarƙashin ɗayan waɗannan sunaye: "kyakkyawa Kongo", "sarauta congo", "bakan gizo a sama" ko kuma alamar bakan gizo ".
A yanayi, ana samun nau'in a cikin Kogin Kongo. A karo na farko a Turai, an gabatar da kifi a cikin 1949 kawai.
Yawancin mutane da aka bayar a kasuwa suna girma ne a kudu maso gabashin Asiya da kuma kamfanonin masana'antar kiwo a gabashin Turai.
Girma Kongo bai wuce 10 cm ba, kuma maza sun fi mace girma wanda tsawonsa yana tsakanin 7 cm.
A Kongo jiki mai girma, wanda aka matsa sosai a sikeli wanda aka sanya shi a jiki, an rufe shi da manyan kayan taimako. A kowane lokaci, bayan mazan suna jefa turquoise, sauran jikin suna da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Daga kai zuwa gindin babban farin caudal, akwai tsararren rawaya orange-orange. Manyan idanun baƙar fata, masu launin shuɗi, ya zama abin birgewa.
Addinin da ba a shakkar shi ba na mace mai laushi ƙyalƙyali ne sosai. Finarshen dorsal mai tsananin ƙarfi yakan ƙare a cikin haskoki da yawa. Fin fin kamar babban mayafin da ya shimfiɗa zuwa gindin wutsiya. Fin ɗin farin coudal shima baƙon abu bane, a tsakiyar wannnan akwai ƙananan fuka-fuka-fukan dabbobin ruwa. Lambar su, girman su da sihirinsu daban ne ga kowane mutum.
Alleraramar mata ƙanƙanuwa ce kuma ba su da ƙima irin wannan. Wani lokacin har zuwa shekara biyu, wasu mata tsakanin lobes na fin na caudal na iya lura da wasu ƙananan rukunin fitarwa.
Kongo - kifi na makaranta. Don haka, ya kamata a adana su a cikin rukuni na aƙalla mutane shida (a mafi kyau 10-15), tare da ƙaramin adadin kifayen suna jin kunya.
Kongo fi son zama a cikin babba da na tsakiyar yadudduka na ruwa. Mafi kyau makwabta a gare su za a iya la'akari da iris, corridors da lumana gwargwado cichlids.
Bai kamata a kiyaye su tare da kifayen da suke da karfi ba wadanda ke da ikon kakkarye ƙwararrun mazaje.
Gabaɗaya abun ciki Kongo ba matsala. Kifi na da kwanciyar hankali, yana da tsayayye don kamuwa da cututtuka. Suna jin daɗi a cikin ruwa mai wuya da taushi (dGH har zuwa 20 °), a cikin zazzabi tsakanin 21 zuwa 25 ° С. Aeration da tacewa ana matukar son su.
Kongo - Masu saurin iyo, masu dacewa sun dace da filin rafi mai cike da ruwa, mai cike da ruwa tare da wuraren da aka dasa su da tsirrai da sarari kyauta don yin iyo, inda suke shirya wasannin su. Maza, suka watsa manyan ƙusoshinsu, suna bin juna, suna birgima, suna kwance a gefe, suna narkar da launin kore-kore. A cikin zafin da suke tsere Kongo zai iya tsalle daga cikin akwatin kifaye, don haka dole ne a rufe shi saman tare da murfi ko murfi.
Tetra Congo. Duel na maza
A lokacin irin waɗannan wasannin, kifi wani lokacin yakan manta da abinci, kodayake ba sa korafi game da rashin ci. Suna farin cikin cin kowane irin abinci mai rai. Musamman kifayen suna ƙaunar kututtukan ruwa, wasu lokuta ana samunsu da yawa a cikin daphnia.
Amma mafi kyawu a gare su shine Drosophila da sauran kwari masu tashi, waɗanda suka bayyana a saman ruwa, tunda a yanayi na Kongo galibi suna ciyar da lardin da ba su dace da abin da ake kira abinci mai tashi.
Don daidaita tsarin abincin, ya kamata a ba kifi abinci asalin tsiro, tunda a yanayi na dabi'a ya kai kusan kashi 40% na abincin da suke ci. Idan babu abinci mai rai, kayan abinci masu shigo da bushe kamar TetraMin ya dace.
Dukansu soya da manya suna haɓaka daidai lokacin da aka ciyar da su tare da bushe (amma mai inganci, mai daidaituwa) ciyarwa.
A shirye-shiryen neman ciyawar, ciyar da ƙwaiƙar ƙwayayen ƙwai yana ba da sakamako mai kyau.
A cikin yanayi masu kyau, kifi ya kai ga balaga cikin watanni 10. Wannan na tabbatuwa ne ta wani lokaci mai zuwa cikin babban ruwan kifin. Yawancin lokaci, spawning yana farawa da safe, minti 20-30 bayan an kunna wutar lantarki ta wucin gadi. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ba shi yiwuwa a ceci caviar a irin waɗannan halayen.
Regular, kuma mafi mahimmanci, m spawning, fara a shekara ta biyu na rayuwa. Kifi sun fi kusantar damuna.
Don tsara haihuwa, manya Kongo dasa a cikin wani keɓaɓɓen spawning tare da taushi (pH 2-3 °), dan kadan acidic (pH 6.0-6.2) tare da zazzabi na 25-28 ° C. Wanne a baya ya kamata a daidaita shi sosai.
Zai dace don amfani da zaren roba lokacin farin ciki.
Ya kamata a sanya firam ɗin kariya mai tsayi 4-5 cm. Tare da ƙaramin girman, saurin motsa kifin a ƙasa zai wanke ƙwai a ƙarƙashin yanar gizo. Wanda wasu masana'antun ke matukar son ci.
Don kiwo, yana da kyau a yi amfani da akwatin kifaye iri ɗaya ba tare da canza wurin da yake ba. A wannan yanayin, masana'antun sun kwantar da hanzari.
Dukansu soya da manya Kongo da kyau a yi haƙuri da canje-canje na ruwa (har zuwa 50%). Ruwa ya zama ya kasance mai ɗan rigakafin mahaifa kuma kada ya ƙunshi adadin gas mai narkar da shi.
Sauya ruwa a cikin babban akwatin kifaye dole ne a aiwatar sau da yawa, sau 1-2 a mako, amma a cikin kananan allurai (1/10 na girma). Tun a cikin tsohuwar ruwa, saboda babban abun da ke tattare da mahaɗin nitrogen, kifayen suna jin ana zaluntarsu, sakamakon abin da suke girma da talauci kuma yana iya mutu ƙarshe.
Yau, akwai dabarun kiwo guda biyu. Kongo , biyu da rukuni. Kuma ba lallai bane wanda ya yi nasara a cikin rukunin ba, namiji ko mace. Babban yanayin don nasarar tsabtatawa shine yarda da masu kera da kuma isawar adadin akwatin akwatin.
Don haka steamed Kongo ana buƙatar akalla lita 30 na ruwa, kuma aƙalla lita 70 kowace garken. Wannan ba yana nufin hakan ba Kongo ba ya iya yin rauni zuwa ƙasa kaɗan, amma yawanci yakan gaza samun sakamako mai kyau.
Da fari dai, shafin da ake buƙata na ruwa a madaidaiciyar spawning ya kamata ya zama aƙalla 20-25 santimita, wannan yana biyo baya daga ƙididdigar lissafi mai sauƙi: bayan ɗan gajeren goge, namiji ya riƙe matsayin tsaye a saman daji na shuka, da sauri yana motsa ƙashinsa. Girman girman maigidan yana da kusan 10 cm, ƙari da madaidaicin keɓaɓɓen (kuma game da 10 cm), tare da zangon aminci (2-3 cm).
Mace da ke shirye don tsinkewa (wata alama ce ta ƙaramin ovipositor) tana iyo ga namiji, tana sakin wani ɓangaren caviar na piecesaruna 15-20, wanda nan da nan namiji ya hadu da shi. Masu masana'anta sun watsu cikin bangarorin, bayan haka sake zagayowar maimaitawa. Wannan ya ci gaba na awa 2-2.5. Adadin qwai da aka aza na iya zama daga 300 zuwa 500 ko sama da haka, ya danganta da yanayin jikin mace.
Dalili na biyu na kasawa a cikin ƙananan yaduwar cuta shine alama ta yiwuwar barkewar kwayar cuta mai saurin lalacewa saboda maza suna haifar da adadin samfuran haihuwa, wanda sakamakon hakan na iya haifar da mutuwar masarar.
Kuma na uku: Kongo - kifi mara kunya, sau da yawa fadowa cikin girgiza lokacin dasawa. Kuma a cikin kusa spawning, za ta ji mara dadi, rush a kusa, buga gilashin.
Ko da ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau, washegari yakan ba da faruwa. Spawning yana faruwa ne kawai a ranar 3-6 ga wata, bayan kifin ya daidaita da sabon yanayin.
Don hanzarta wannan taron, spawning daga bangarorin an rufe shi da takarda mai duhu, an kunna kwampreso a cikin mafi ƙarancin wutar lantarki kuma zafin jiki a cikin akwatin kifaye ya ƙaru zuwa 27-28 ° С.
Haske na iya zama na halitta, ko zaka iya kunna wutar fitila ta 25-40 watts a saman. Hasken rana mai haske, babu wani sakamako mai ganuwa da ya aikata.
Caviar Kongo wanda ba mai sashi ba kuma yana da kusan sifilin buoyancy. Egganyen da aka ɗaga daga ƙasa ta motsin ruwa a hankali, kamar dai hawan jini ne, ya nitse zuwa ƙasan. Sau ɗaya a gindin, yana kumbura yana ƙaruwa zuwa diamita zuwa 2-2.5 mm. Da zagayowar mahaifa ba ya wuce kwana shida. Wannan shine lokaci mafi tsananin muhimmanci. Wajibi ne a cire duk qwai da ba sa hadi da bututun gilashin, pipette ko tiyo na bakin ciki a kan kari, kuma cikin kwanaki masu zuwa don bincika qwai don lalacewa ta hanyar saprolegnia.
Ya kasance hadi, kwai da ke haɓakawa a sarari yake a bayyane, ta hanyar kwanonsa ne ci gaban amfrayo ya zama a bayyane: a rana ta uku ana iya ganinta, kuma a rana ta biyar ta ke juyawa. A wannan lokacin, runtse matakin ruwa zuwa 5-7 cm kuma ƙara ƙarfin aeration. Waɗannan ayyukan suna ba da gudummawa ga ƙyamar abokantaka.
Yamar larvae tana farawa ne bayan awanni 96 da tsawon wasu awa 8-12, a zazzabi na 27-28 ° C.
Hatching soya an riga an kafa cikakke kuma suna shirye don ci da ƙwazo. Abincin farawa shine rotifers a cikin yanayin “ƙura mai rai”. Infusoria na iya zama azaman ƙarin ciyarwa. Yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da freshly hatched jatan lande daga farkon ranar, amma a farkon yanayin da brood ne mafi ko da, ba tare da wani fili lagging girma.
Sosai suke so su ci abinci mai inganci da bushe abinci. Suna amsawa daidai ga canje-canjen ruwa na yau da kullun (har zuwa 10-15% a kowace rana) nan da nan bayan an fara ciyar. Farawa daga sati na biyu, nematodes da nauplii na kananan crustaceans a hankali aka gabatar dasu a cikin abincin. Kada ku yi saurin bayar da yankakken tubule mai yankakken toya, komai yana da lokacinta.
Yawan girma na soya yana da kyau qwarai. A ranar 34th (daga farkon ciyar) - 18-20 mm, a rana ta 49 - 26 mm, ta 90th - 35-40 mm.
Dimorphism na jima'i ya fara bayyana tun yana ɗan wata huɗu.
Kula da tsabta a cikin akwatin kifaye na girma kuma kar a manta da a kara ruwa 1-1.5 na ruwa a kullun inda ake ajiye masu kera.
Don iyakar yawan ƙwayar soya, ya kamata a lura da shawarwari masu zuwa:
1. A cikin lokacin hurawa yana ƙara jiko na peat da alder cones har ruwan ya sami launi na shayi mai ƙarfi na matsakaici da gishiri a tebur a kimanin kimanin 45 g (1.5 tbsp) a cikin 80 l na ruwa. Sannan duba kimar pH.
2. Yayin shiryayye na qwai, ya zama dole don kirkirar yanayi wanda ƙwai ke cikin motsi koyaushe. Ana iya cimma wannan ta hanyar shigar da nozzles biyu saboda babu wasu yankuna mara tsayayye.
3. Ana samun sakamako mai kyau ta hanyar ƙara saukad da ruwa mai laushi (5-10%) kai tsaye daga ɓangaren osmotic zuwa tsirrai.
Tetra Congo (Phenacogrammus interruptus) - farashin da aka kiyasta a Rasha
Girma | Matsakaicin sashin Unita |
Har zuwa 3 cm (S) | 120 rub |
Har zuwa 5 cm (M) | 200 rub |
Har zuwa 7 cm (L) | 360 rub |
Har zuwa 9 cm (XL) | 400 rub |
Tetra Congo (lat. Phenacogrammus interruptus) wakili ne mai haske na dangin Kharacin. Duk da ƙaramin girman sa, yana da bayyanar musanyawa, ba shi da wahala kada a lura da shi a tsakanin matattarar ruwa na akwatin kifaye. Kyakkyawan tsarukan jiki tare da ƙoshin lumines, da ƙusoshin bakin ciki suna kama da mace mai fan.
Kifayen Kwango suna zaune a cikin garken, saboda haka suna buƙatar filin buɗe ruwa mai yawan ruwa. A cikin bauta girma har zuwa 8 santimita a tsawon.
Mahalli na asali shine Kogin Kongo, wanda yake a cikin ƙasashen Afirka masu sunan iri Kongo (Zaire). Masanin ilimin dabbobi na Faransa P. Boulanger ne ya bayyana shi a shekarar 1899. An bayyana Congo tetra a matsayin kyakkyawa, mai kwantar da hankali, kifi na makaranta, jagorancin rayuwa mai amfani. Sakamakon launi mai launi iri daban daban, an karɓi suna da "Blue Congo" da "Rainbow Congo". A cikin Kogin Kongo, inda waɗannan kifayen ke rayuwa koyaushe, ruwan yana da ƙanshi da duhu. Abincin - zooplankton, kwari da tarkace na shuka.
Yi tsalle mai sauri akan labarin
Bayyanar da ciyarwa
Za a iya kiran Blue Congo babban tetra, saboda babban ya girma zuwa 6-8.5 cm tsayi. Suna rayuwa shekaru 3-5 a karkashin yanayi mai kyau. Babban kifi yana kama da bakan gizo, launinta ya cika da shuɗi, lemo, rawaya, fari da ruwan hoda. Mata sun fi ƙanƙan da maza, ƙoshinsu yana da zagaye, a ƙeƙasun maza sun fi tsayi. Gashin kifin suna da kyau, an rufe su da kamannin farin farin. Doarfin dooral kunkuntar, mai kama da jirgi.
Dubi yadda tayin bakan gizo yake.
Don cikakken rayuwa a cikin zaman talala, kuna buƙatar duka rayuwa da shuka abinci. Rainbow tetra wata kifin masifa ce, wacce ke sauƙaƙa kulawarta a gida. Ana iya sayan abinci a kantin sayar da dabbobi: flakes, ƙananan granules waɗanda kifi zasu iya hadiye shi sun dace. Yana ɗaukar abinci da abinci mai sanyi. Koyaya, saboda tsabar rashin tsoro, ba sa cin abinci a gabanin, ko ba su da lokacin tattara abubuwan abinci, don haka a kula da abincinsu a hankali.
Tsarin bakan gizo ya fi son ruwan duhu, ba mai wahala ba, tare da ƙasa mai duhu. A bu mai kyau cewa akwatin kifayen na da ciyayi. Haske mai saukin kai yana sanya fashewar sikeli, irin wannan gani yana da kyau. M, babban kifi na iya ɓata musu rai, yana kakkarye ƙusar. Zai fi kyau a ci gaba cikin garken cikin keɓaɓɓe daban, tare suna jin daɗi da lafiya. Wasu masu shayarwa suna ɗauke da su tare da babban kifin mai ba da fata, lalius, Neon.
Yanayin shimfidar ruwa yakamata ya haifar da tasirin halittar ƙasa, inda akwai abubuwa masu rarrafewa, shinge, tsirrai masu tsauri da ƙasa mai duhu. Ruwa ya zama mai laushi, mai acidic. Tanki mai nauyin 70 ya dace da ƙaramin garke, amma babban fili a gare su abin farin ciki ne. Don garken mutum 6, ganga mai 200 na gida zai zama gida mai dacewa.
- Matsakaici ko mai acidic pH 6.0-7.5,
- A saman ruwa - ciyayi, iyo,
- Tsabtace ruwa tare da canjin yau da kullun na 20% na ƙara 1 lokaci a mako, filtration,
- Zazzabi na ruwa - digiri 23-28, tauri - 4-18 o,
- Don ba ruwan tasirin kogin halitta, ana iya shimfiɗa ganyen launin ruwan ƙasa a ƙasan ganga.
Dubi tsagewar Phenacogrammus interruptus.
Yanayin kiwo don tsabtacewa
Kiwo tarko na bakan gizo mai yiwuwa ne idan kun kasance mai binciken ruwa tare da gwaninta. A cikin yaudarar ƙasa, ba sa haihuwa da sauƙi. Don brood zaka buƙaci mafi haske na kifi, wanda ya kamata a zauna dashi a cikin kwantena daban na makonni biyu, ciyar da abinci mai rai. A kasan yankin, ya kamata a shimfiɗa keɓaɓɓen shinge da tsire-tsire don kare ƙwai - kamar tetras da yawa, Congo ta ci zuriyarta saboda sakaci.
Starfafawa na haihuwa shine acidity da laushi na yanayin ruwa, kazalika da haɓaka zafin jiki zuwa digiri 26. A cikin nutsuwa, mazan da ke shirye ya kan kula da mace, yana biye mata har sai ta yarda ta daina jin daɗin. A lokacin rana, kifin ya ba da manyan qwai 100-300. Amma a ranar farko, yawancinsu suna mutuwa daga cutar fungal, saboda haka ana bada shawara don ƙara launin methylene a cikin ruwa.
Iyaye suna buƙatar ɗaure su. Bayan mako guda, soya bayyana, farawa a gare su shine kwai gwaiduwa da ciliates. Addarin daɗaɗawa ga abincin yana da shawarar naupilia brine jatan lande. Kasance da balagaggun jima'i tun yana ɗan wata 10.
Boulenger, 1899
Kongo tetra kyakkyawa ce mai ban mamaki, aiki, lumana, makarantar kifin kifayen ruwa, wanda kuma ake kira bakan gizo ko shuɗi Kongo. Wannan kifin wakili ne na jinsin Kharatsin na Afirka, wanda masanin halittun Boulanger ya bayyana a cikin shekarar 1899.
Kwanciyar tsibirin Kongo ya zama ruwan dare a Afirka. Yawan namun daji suna da matukar muhimmanci ga wani yanki na kogunan Kogin Kongo a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo.
Wadannan kifin suna zama a makarantu a cikin ruwan kogin. Haka kuma, a yanayi suna cinye wakilan crustaceans, kwari da sauran nau'ikan zoo da phytoplankton. Yawancin kifin kasuwanci an tanada su don siyarwa a Asiya da Gabashin Turai.
Congo tetra male
Jikin kifin yana da elongated da lebur daga bangarorin. Inswararrun ƙwallon ƙafa suna shimfiɗa ta hanyar magoya baya a cikin sassan jikin yayin motsawa. Maza sun banbanta cikin dogon tsayi, kwatankwacin mayafi, wanda ke kan wutsiya, da kuma ƙyallen ƙyallen kai da ƙashin bayan kafa. Bugu da kari, namiji yana da wutsiya mai kafa uku, wanda tsakiyar lobe ya dan kara gaba kadan.
Kwancen ma'aurata na Congo
Tetra Congo a cikin akwatin kifaye yana nuna kyakkyawan launi wanda ya cika shimfidar cikin ruwa. An wakilta shi da shuɗi, shuɗi-ja da inuwa mai launin shuɗi. Insaunansu suna da ƙarin sautunan masu mutuntaka; waɗannan suna da madawwamiyar launi, tabarau-mai ruwan hutu
Congo tetra mace
Namiji yana da girma sosai kuma yana da launi sosai.
Tsarin tetra albino
An sanya Congo a matsayin kifi mai matsakaici. Manya sun kai girman 8 cm tsayi idan yaga maza. Mata yawanci kadan ne - kusan santimita 6.
Tsarin da kuma sigogi na akwatin kifaye:
Congo tetra lumana, kifi makaranta, yana da kyau a ci gaba da yawa a cikin a cikin ruwa, saboda suna buƙatar wurare da yawa don iyo. Bugu da kari, yana da mahimmanci cewa hasken dake cikin akwatin kifayen ya ragu. Wadannan kifayen suna da kunya da rufin asiri, musamman idan akwai wasu nau'in halittu masu tayar da hankali a cikin akwatin kifaye. Wataƙila suna tsoron tsoron sautin kuka da kuma motsi ba zato ba tsammani.
Girman akwatin kifaye shine 120x30x30 cm don kifin manya, kodayake ana iya kiyaye matasa inan ƙaramin tankuna.
Idan Tetra Congo yana cikin ƙaramin adadin, kusan mutane shida, to, akwatin kifaye na lita 100 ya dace da su. Kifi zai zama ƙasa da jin kunya idan aka yi amfani da ƙasa mai duhu da haske mara nauyi a cikin akwatin kifaye. Ana iya kirkirar irin wannan hasken ta hanyar ƙara tsire-tsire zuwa cikin akwatin kifayen da zai taso kan ruwa.
Daidai ne, akwatin kifayen tare da samfurin biotope na Afirka, tare da snags da rassa, ciyawar ciyawa da Anubias. Zasu nuna muku launuka mafi kyau a cikin kowane akwatin kifaye masu cike da ruwa mai yalwa don iyo. Ruwa ya zama mai acidic, tsaka tsaki ko taushi, tare da kewaya mai kyau.
Canjin yau da kullun daga goma sha biyar zuwa kashi 20 na ruwa kowace mako.
Kwango Tango (Phenacogrammus interruptus) bada shawarar ga mafi yawan aquariums na kowa, duk da haka, yana da daraja a kiyaye:
Idan ka adana kifin a cikin gungun mutane ƙasa da mutum shida, za su zama suna jin kunya sosai. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci cewa kifaye masu kama da su sun kewaye su. Manyan makwabta don Kongo za su kasance firi-dinta, shinge da shingayen lumana. Kada ku warware su tare da kifaye masu tsoratarwa kuma waɗanda ke iya cinye ƙone - ƙarancin ƙarancin maza ne kawai zai lalace. Fishan ƙaramin kifi a cikin akwatin kifayen gama gari tare da tetras na Congo ba za su ji daɗin rayuwa ba saboda girman girman su da halayyar aiki.
Yakamata a adana tetra Congo cikin ruwa, zazzabi wanda ya bambanta tsakanin digiri 23-28 Celsius. Sun iso daga Afirka, sun kasance masu son ruwan dumi. Amma game da acidity, bai kamata ya wuce alamu a cikin (pH) 6.0-7.5. Hardarfin ruwa na iya bambanta tsakanin (dH) 3-18.
Tetra Kongo ne omnivores. Yawancin nau'ikan ciyarwa zasu dauki kwatankwacin unpreentious, amma abincin da ke raye da daskarewa yakamata suyi babban rabo a cikin abincin. Koyaya, a cikin abincinsu dole ne a haɗa su kuma abubuwan da aka shuka. Ba tare da su ba, kifi na iya lalata tsire-tsire masu laushi a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Ba mai sauki bane, amma zai yuwu. Kwanyar Kongo nau'in haɗari ne.
Masu samar da za su zabi mafi yawan maza da mata masu launuka masu haske da kuma manyan mata wadanda a baya aka fi ciyar da su ta amfani da ciyarwar rai da daskararre.
Ya kamata a sanya su a cikin karamin akwatin kifaye tare da raga a ƙasa. Caviar yana wucewa ta cikin ƙwayoyin raga, wanda ke rage haɗarin cin abinci ta hanyar iyaye. Don haifar da bushewa, dole ne a haskaka hasken sannan wasu tsire-tsire su ƙara, kamar yadda a yanayin yanayi yakan haifar ne a tsakanin ciyayi. Ruwa ya kamata ya kasance ƙarƙashin pH tsaka tsaki da laushi. Bayan namiji yabi mace, abin yakan faru.
Sigogi na ruwa a cikin wani ɓangare na cikin akwatin kifaye: 25-28 ° C, dH 2-3 °, pH 6.0-6.5.
Kusan 300 masu manyan qwai za su iya jefawa yayin da mace daya take yayin nono, kodayake qwai 100-200 sunada yawa.
A cikin lokutan farko na 24 - 48 na shiryawa, ya kamata a cire ƙwai da ƙwayoyin farin ciki ta amfani da dogon pipette. Laryancin larvae bayan 6an kwanaki 6, lokacin da suke iyo ruwa da ƙyallen gwaiduwa (kimanin sa'o'i 24), yakamata a miƙa / ƙara ƙari, sannan bayan kwanaki 2-3 nauplii artemia ko wasu abincin micro.
Nan da nan zaka iya gungun wasu kifayen. A lokaci guda, yana da mahimmanci cewa akwatin kifin ya fi shimfiɗa fili.
Wadannan kifayen suna da damar kiwo idan suka kai kimanin watanni 10.
Yawancin lokaci rayuwa take Kwango Tango (Phenacogrammus interruptus) kusan shekara biyar ke nan.
Tetra Congo tana da hankali sosai ga ingancin ruwa kuma idan ba'a goyi bayan ingancin inganci ba, ƙarancin ƙarancin maza zai lalace kuma kif ɗin zai rasa launi. Su ma suna jin kunya matuƙar kifi, musamman idan ba a kiyaye su a makaranta ba, an ba da shawarar kiyayewa daga mutane 6 ko fiye.
Wannan nau'in galibi yana kan siyarwa ne a wani yanki wanda ba a ba shi ba, launin toka. Koyaya, da zaran sun sauka a cikin akwatin kifaye kuma suka fara girma, sun fara nuna launuka mai ban sha'awa. Babban makarantar Congo tetras tana da ban sha'awa musamman, a cikin hasken halitta.
Bai dace don rabawa tare da jatan lande ba.
Tetra Congo (Phenacogrammus interruptus)
Kongo tetra kyakkyawa ce mai ban mamaki, aiki, lumana, makarantar kifin kifayen ruwa, wanda kuma ake kira bakan gizo ko shuɗi Kongo. Wannan kifin wakili ne na nau'in Kharatsinov na Afirka.
S - har zuwa 3 cm, M - har zuwa 5 cm, L - har zuwa 7 cm, XL - har zuwa 9 cm.
Rarraba a Afirka. Yawan namun daji suna da matukar muhimmanci ga wani yanki na kogunan Kogin Kongo a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo.
Jikin kifin yana da elongated da lebur daga bangarorin. Inswararrun ƙwallon ƙafa suna shimfiɗa ta hanyar magoya baya a cikin sassan jikin yayin motsawa. Maza sun banbanta cikin dogon tsayi, kwatankwacin mayafi, wanda ke kan wutsiya, da kuma ƙyallen ƙyallen kai da ƙashin bayan kafa. Bugu da kari, namiji yana da wutsiya mai kafa uku, wanda tsakiyar lobe ya dan kara gaba kadan. Tetra Congo a cikin akwatin kifaye yana nuna kyakkyawan launi wanda ya cika shimfidar cikin ruwa. An wakilta shi da shuɗi, shuɗi-ja da inuwa mai launin shuɗi. Insaunansu suna da ƙarin sautunan masu mutuntaka; waɗannan suna da madawwamiyar launi, tabarau-mai ruwan hutu Namiji yana da girma sosai kuma yana da launi sosai. An sanya Congo a matsayin kifi mai matsakaici. Manya sun kai girman 8 cm tsayi idan yaga maza. Mata yawanci kadan ne - kusan santimita 6.
Congo tetra lumana, kifi makaranta, yana da kyau a ci gaba da yawa a cikin a cikin ruwa, saboda suna buƙatar wurare da yawa don iyo. Bugu da kari, yana da mahimmanci cewa hasken dake cikin akwatin kifayen ya ragu. Girman akwatin kifaye shine 120x30x30cm don kifin manya, kodayake ana iya kiyaye matasa inan ƙaramin tankuna. Idan Tetra Congo yana cikin ƙaramin adadin, kusan mutane shida, to, akwatin kifaye na lita 100 ya dace da su. Daidai ne, akwatin kifayen tare da samfurin halittar Afirka, tare da snags da rassa, ciyawar iyo iyo ciyayi. Yakamata a adana tetra Congo cikin ruwa, zazzabi wanda ya bambanta tsakanin digiri 23-28 Celsius. Amma game da acidity, bai kamata ya wuce alamu a cikin (pH) 6.0-7.5. Hardarfin ruwa na iya bambanta tsakanin (dH) 3-18. Canjin yau da kullun daga goma sha biyar zuwa kashi 20 na ruwa kowace mako.
An ba da shawarar ga mafi yawan tashoshin ruwa na yau da kullun, duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci a kula: idan ka kiyaye kifi a cikin rukuni ƙasa da mutane shida, zasu zama mai jin kunya sosai. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci cewa kifaye masu kama da su sun kewaye su. Manyan makwabta don Kongo za su kasance firi-dinta, shinge da shingayen lumana. Kada ku warware su tare da kifaye masu tsoratarwa kuma waɗanda ke iya cinye ƙone - ƙarancin ƙarancin maza ne kawai zai lalace. Fishan ƙaramin kifi a cikin akwatin kifayen gama gari tare da tetra na Congo ba za su ji daɗi ba saboda girman su da kuma yanayin aiki.
Ba mai sauki bane, amma zai yuwu. Kwanyar Kongo nau'in haɗari ne.
Masu samar da za su zabi mafi yawan maza da mata masu launuka masu haske da kuma manyan mata wadanda a baya aka fi ciyar da su ta amfani da ciyarwar rai da daskararre. Ya kamata a sanya su a cikin karamin akwatin kifaye tare da raga a ƙasa. Caviar yana wucewa ta cikin ƙwayoyin raga, wanda ke rage haɗarin cin abinci ta hanyar iyaye. Don haifar da bushewa, dole ne a haskaka hasken sannan wasu tsire-tsire su ƙara, kamar yadda a yanayin yanayi yakan haifar ne a tsakanin ciyayi. Ruwa ya kamata ya kasance ƙarƙashin pH tsaka tsaki da laushi. Bayan namiji yabi mace, abin yakan faru. Tsarin ruwa a cikin akwatin kifin: 25-28 ° С, dH 2-3 °, pH 6.0-6.5. Kusan 300 masu manyan qwai za su iya jefawa yayin da mace daya take yayin nono, kodayake qwai 100-200 sunada yawa.
A cikin lokutan farko na 24 - 48 na shiryawa, ya kamata a cire ƙwai da ƙwayoyin farin ciki ta amfani da dogon pipette. Laryancin larvae bayan 6an kwanaki 6, lokacin da suke iyo ruwa da ƙyallen gwaiduwa (kimanin sa'o'i 24), yakamata a miƙa / ƙara ƙari, sannan bayan kwanaki 2-3 nauplii artemia ko wasu abincin micro.
Nan da nan zaka iya gungun wasu kifayen. A lokaci guda, yana da mahimmanci cewa akwatin kifin ya fi shimfiɗa fili. Wadannan kifayen suna da damar kiwo idan suka kai kimanin watanni 10. Yawanci, tsawon rayuwar Kwango (Phenacogrammus interruptus) yana kusan shekaru biyar.
Tetra Kongo ne omnivores. Yawancin nau'ikan ciyarwa zasu dauki kwatankwacin unpreentious, amma abincin da ke raye da daskarewa yakamata suyi babban rabo a cikin abincin. Koyaya, a cikin abincinsu dole ne a haɗa su kuma abubuwan da aka shuka. Ba tare da su ba, kifi na iya lalata tsire-tsire masu laushi a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Asali da bayanin
Masanin ilimin dabbobi, George Albert Boulanger ya ba da labarin yanayin dawowar Congo a 1899. Wadannan kifayen sun fito ne daga Afirka, ana samun su a saman kwari na Kogin Zaire (Kongo). Ana iya samun tetra Congo a cikin rafuffuka, haraji, tafkunan ruwa da fadama tare da ruwa mai ɗan acidic da laka. Gidansu suna da ciyayi mai yawa, ƙasa kuma galibi ana rufe ta da ƙazanta ko laka. Wataƙila akwai duwatsun a ƙasa, amma babu suttukan ruwa ko bishiyoyi masu narkewa. Congo tetras tana iyo cikin garken dabbobi kuma tana ciyar da tsutsotsi, ɓawon burodi, kwari, ciyayi, algae, zooplankton.
Bakan gizo yana da kamannin yanayin jikin mutum, mai walwala ne. Maza suna da ƙyalli ƙyalli masu kyau. Dogon baya, cincin farji tare da gefuna mayafin, wani ɓangaren tsakiyar caudal fin fin elongated. Maza sun kai 8.5 cm a tsayi, tsayin mace shine 6 cm.
Lokacin da cikakke, Kongo ta sami kyawawan launi a duk jikin, daga gaba zuwa bayansa. Kyakkyawan palette na fure-fure na fure daga shuɗi a saman, canzawa daga ja zuwa ƙasa, juya zuwa launin shuɗi-tsakiyar tsakiyar jiki kuma ya sake komawa zuwa shuɗi kusa da ciki. Hakarkarinsa farar fata ne mai launin farar fata tare da farin gefuna.
Rayuwar kifi a cikin akwatin kifaye daga shekaru 3 zuwa 5.
Congo tetra suna da wuya sosai, amma saboda buƙatun kulawa suna da shawarar zuwa yan koyo tare da wasu ƙwarewa. Wadannan kifin akwatin kifayen suna da ƙwarewa ga ingancin ruwa, saboda haka suna buƙatar ɗorafin wadatarwa waɗanda ba su mantawa da kula da kullun na akwatin kifaye. In ba haka ba, kifin na iya rasa launi, kuma ƙashin namiji na iya lalacewa ya rasa siffar su. Lokacin da kake siyan waɗannan kifayen, tuna cewa kyakkyawan ƙyallen Tetra Congo na iya jawo hankalin maƙwabta masu zafin rai a cikin akwatin kifaye, kuma raunin da lalacewar ƙashin zai iya haifar da rashin lafiya har ma da mutuwa. Sabili da haka, ku guji mahalli na Kongo tare da kifayen kifaye.
Anyi nasarar sarrafa tetra na Congo cikin nasara ko da a cikin ƙananan / Nano aquariums har zuwa lita 75. Wadannan kifin akwatin kifaye ana siyar dasu don siyarwa a adadi mai yawa kuma sun koya don daidaitawa ga yanayin yanayi na tsarewa. Koyaya, lokacin da aka kiyaye shi kaɗai ko a cikin adadi kaɗan, waɗannan kifayen suna zama mai jin kunya har ma da m, saboda haka ana ba da shawarar kiyaye garken kifaye 6. A garken yana buƙatar akwatin ruwa na lita 75 ko fiye, kuma ga babban rukuni na kifin manya, ana bada shawarar damar yin amfani da lita 150 ko fiye.
Tetra Congo sun fi softer da ƙarin ruwan acidic tare da kwarara mai kyau. A cikin haske mara nauyi, kifin zai nuna mafi kyawun launukarsu.
Don ƙirƙirar yanayi kusa da na halitta don tetro Congo, ƙasa mai duhu da tsire-tsire masu rai da yawa ana amfani da su a cikin akwatin kifaye. Tetra Congo tana da ban sha'awa musamman ga tushen tsirrai masu rai, amma tana kuma buƙatar fili sarari don iyo. Idan ba tare da yanayin duhu ba, waɗannan tetras suna kama da haske.
A cikin akwatin kifin, ana iya amfani da drifts don rage pH, har da busassun ganye waɗanda ke launi launin ruwan kasa. Ka tuna canza ganye akai-akai.
Zɓk
Zazzabi : 23 - 28 ° C,
Dilution zazzabi : 25 zuwa 28 ° C,
pH : 6,0-7,5,
Mage : 4 - 18 dGH,
Habitat : duk yankuna na akwatin kifaye.
Kula da akwatin kifayen yakamata ya zama na yau da kullun da kuma nufin riƙe tsabta a cikin akwatin kifaye. In ba haka ba, tare da yawan wuce haddi na kwayoyin halitta a cikin ruwa, kifin zai lalace, kuma ƙashin maza za su rasa kyan gani. Don kula da tsabta, ana buƙatar canza ruwa na yau da kullun daga 25% zuwa 50% na ruwan akwatin a kowane mako biyu. Don lura da ruwa, yana da kyau a yi amfani da kwandishan na musamman a kowane lokaci. Ofarfafa abubuwa sun dogara da matsayin yawan tanki: mai ninka yawan jama'a, mafi girma a maimakon.
Ciyarwa da ciyarwa
Kongo na ko'ina. A cikin yanayi, suna cin kwari, ƙananan tsutsotsi, crustaceans, abincin shuka, algae, zooplankton. A cikin akwatin kifaye, waɗannan kifayen suna iya ba da kowane irin abinci ga kifin na kifaye, duka busasshen flakes da rayuwa da kuma abinci mai sanyi. Smallanan ƙananan jinin jini da aka girma a cikin ruwan gishiri, artemia, tubule - duk wannan zai zama kyakkyawan ƙari ga ciyar da yau da kullun tare da busasshen abincin da yalwata abincin. Taimaka abincinka tare da abincin tsirrai, kazalika da abinci mai ɗauke da algae. Congo na iya gwada tsire-tsire masu rai “ta haƙora”, don haka ya fi kyau a samar musu abincin tsirrai.
Bayar da abinci sau da yawa a rana a cikin ƙaramin rabo.
Congo Tetra - abun ciki.
Sunan kimiyya: Phenacongrammus interrutpus.
Sunan Generic: Kwango Kongo
Kulawar Tetra Congo: Haske zuwa Matsakaici.
Girman: maza - har zuwa 8cm, mace kaɗan.
Zazzabi: 24-27 0 C (75-81 0 F).
Hardarfin Ruwa: laushi.
Asalin Tetra Congo: koguna na Afirka ta Tsakiya da Kogin Kongo.
Tsammani na rayuwa: shekaru 3-5 (wataƙila ya fi tsayi).
Halayyar: mai ƙauna, mai haƙuri, na iya cizo da ƙarancin tsiro. Karka kiyaye kifin mai zafin da zafin da.
Kiwo Tetra Congo: kiwo a cikin akwatin kifin gida yana da wahala. Don wannan, an zaɓi mafi kyawun haske kuma mafi sauri. Yawancin lokaci suna zaune (kusan sati guda) kuma ana ciyar dasu ta amfani da abinci mai rai. A cikin akwatin kifayen da aka yi niyya don kiwo Tetra Congo, an saka net (sa 1-2cm daga ƙasa), wanda zai kare ƙwai daga kifi na manya. Hakanan, tare da taimakon ƙananan kaya masu nauyi, ana saukar da ƙarin tsire-tsire masu rai zuwa cikin ƙasa mai ƙyalli (a cikin yanayin da suka tsinke a cikin matsanancin). Ruwa ya zama mai laushi, mai ɗan acidic kuma yana da zazzabi na 25-26 0 C. Bayan fargaba, mace tana yin ƙwai 300 (galibi 100-200), yana watsa su a cikin tsirrai a ƙasan.
Bayan tsallakewa, ana girbe manya daga Congo. A cikin ranar farko, yawancin qwai na iya mutuwa. An cire su, kuma an ƙara methylene blue a ruwa. Malkov Tetra Congo wadanda suka fara iyo (kamar kwana 6 bayan ƙyanƙyashe) ciyar da kwai gwaiduwa ko infusoria. Bayan ɗan lokaci, ana iya ba su nauplii artemia. Fry kyankyashe bayan kwana 6 bayan hana haihuwa da hadi.
Mai dacewa Tetra Congo: Yi aiki tare da kowane characin da ƙananan kifi waɗanda ba za su ci su ba kuma suna da irin waɗannan buƙatu don yanayin tsarewa.
Cututtuka: alamu da hanyoyin magani.
Ciyarwa: Kifin Kongo na da ikon yi. Tushen abincin shine hatsi, ƙari ga abincin shine rayuwa
Kongo - Phenacogrammus interruptus
Oda, dangi: cyprinids, characins.
M ruwa mai sanyi:
Karfinsu: kifin zaman lafiya - tetras, viviparous, armored da kifin kifi na loricaria.
Gidajen kamun kifi yana cikin kwari na Kogin Kongo. Kongo na iya kaiwa zuwa 10 cm.
Jikin kifin yana da tsayi, da ɗan elongated da kuma matsa shi a gefe. Shugaban yana karami, idanu manya manya da bakin shudi mai haske. Babban launi shine launin shudi mai launin shuɗi, na baya mai launin shuɗi-turquoise, ciki ya fi sauƙi. Daga kai har zuwa cinikin caudal, akwai babbar rawaya mai ruwan shuɗi ko ruwan lemo wanda zai iya nuna hasken rana. Maza na Kongo sun fi na mace girma, fin finsu na sama ya zama ƙaramin fata, kuma akwai fitowar shuru a tsakiyar fin dutsen. Kifi ba shi da ma'ana a cikin adana da ciyar. Yana son haske mai haske.
Ruwa mai laushi don abun ciki na Congo tetra: dН har zuwa 15 °, pH 6.5-7.5, t 21-24 ° С. Ana buƙatar tsufa da tacewa.
Kifin kifin cute mai kyan gani sune wakilan babban iyali na haracin. Kifin mai suna bayan kogi daga inda aka fara kama su.
Kifayen suna da kwanciyar hankali kuma ana iya sa su a cikin janar ko kuma akwatin kifin na ado tare da ƙananan kifaye marasa ƙima. Ba za ku iya ci gaba da Kongo tare da kifi mai saurin rikici a cikin akwatin kifaye na kowa ba (mashaya, cichlids).
Kifin Kongo suna da matukar tsoro, saboda haka kuna buƙatar adana su a rukuni. Cikakken rukuni na kifin Kongo
Guda 20 A ba da shawarar yin riko da rabo na mata biyu ga kowane namiji 1 - wannan zai fitar da duk wata fitina da za ta iya faruwa a cikin kungiyar.
Kongo galibi kifi ne mai lumana, amma yana iya ƙoƙarin cizon ƙananan kifin. Guji mahalli tare da kowane nau'in tashin hankali. Sauran nau'ikan tetras, kifin viviparous, lu'u lu'u gourami, rairayin bakin teku, corridors, iris, sarkar-catfish (ancistruses), da cichlids na dwarf d zaman lafiya sun dace sosai kamar maƙwabta. Guji unguwa tare da kifi bob, ciji masoya kamar su Sumatran barb. Kuma tare da muhawara ta lumana, Kongo zata iya daidaitawa.
Ciyar da kifin kifaye ya kamata ya zama daidai: daidaita, bambance bambancen. Wannan ka'ida ta asali ita ce mabuɗin don nasarar cin nasarar kowane kifi, ya kasance ko cukurkuɗe ko sararin samaniya. Labarin ya bayyana wannan dalla-dalla, yana ba da mahimman ka'idodin tsarin abinci da tsarin ciyar da kifi.
A cikin wannan labarin, mun lura da mafi mahimmancin abu - ciyar da kifin bai kamata ya zama ruwan dare ba, duka bushe da abinci mai rai ya kamata a haɗa su cikin abincin. Bugu da kari, yana da buqatar yin la’akari da fifikon gastronomic na wani kifi kuma, ya danganta da wannan, hada shi a cikin abincin abincinsa ko dai da abun cikin furotin ko kuma akasin haka tare da kayan kayan lambu.
Shahararren sanannen sanannen abinci don kifi, ba shakka, abinci ne bushe. Misali, kowane sa'a kuma ko'ina zaka iya samu akan akwatin akwatin kifayen ciyar da kamfanin Tetra - shugaban kasuwar Rasha, a zahiri batun samar da abincin wannan kamfani abun mamaki ne. Etraarfin “gastronomic arsenal” ya haɗa da ciyarwar mutum don wani nau'in kifin: don kifin gwal, don cichlids, don loricaria, guppies, labyrinths, ƙanshi, tattauna, da sauransu. Tetra kuma ya haɓaka ciyarwar musamman, alal misali, don haɓaka launi, mai ƙarfi ko don ciyar da soya. Cikakken bayani akan duk abubuwan ciyarwar Tetra, zaku iya samu akan shafin yanar gizon official na kamfanin -
Ya kamata a lura cewa lokacin sayen kowane busasshen abinci, ya kamata ku kula da kwanan watan da aka ƙirƙira shi da rayuwar shiryayye, ƙoƙari kada ku sayi abinci ta hanyar nauyi, kuma ku adana abinci a cikin rufaffiyar jihar - wannan zai taimaka don guje wa ci gaban pathogenic flora a ciki.
Dukkan abubuwan da ke sama sune kawai 'ya'yan itacen lura da wannan nau'in kifin kifayen da tattara bayanai daban-daban daga masu mallaka da masu shayarwa. Muna son raba tare da baƙi ba kawai bayani ba, har ma motsin rai , yana ba ku damar cikewa da zurfin shiga cikin duniyar akwatin kifaye. Yi rijista don, shiga cikin tattaunawar kan tattaunawa, ƙirƙirar batutuwa na musamman inda zaku fara tattaunawa ta farko game da dabbobinku, bayyana ɗabi'unsu, halayensu da abubuwan da suke ciki, raba abubuwan da kuka samu tare da farin ciki tare da mu, raba abubuwan kwarewa da koyo daga gwaninta wasu. Muna da sha'awar kowane bangare na kwarewarku, kowane sakanku na farincikinku, kowane fitowar wani kuskure wanda ya sa ya yiwu abokan aikinku su guji kuskure iri ɗaya. Duk yadda muke, da tsarkakakkun tsarkakakkun abubuwan alheri suna cikin rayuwa da rayuwar al'ummarmu biliyan biliyan bakwai.
Aquarium kifin Kongo (Latin Phenacongrammus interrutpus) - ɗan asalin kogin Afirka na Kongo ne, da sunan da ya samo shi. Ana iya kiran shi da sunaye daban-daban: tetrabow bakan, blue Congo, tetra Congo kuma ainihin kayan ado ne na kowane ruwan kifin ruwa.
A wata balaguron balaguro tare da yara a cikin akwatin kifaye, sai na ce kowane ɗayan ya zaɓi mafi kyawun kifin. Maza biyu sun zaɓi fatin bakan gizo sabili da wutsiyar wutsiyar wutsiya mara kyau da kama da bakan gizo.
Canza launi da bayyanar
Bari mu kuma mu kalli hoton kifin na Kongo sannan mu ga alamun bakan gizo a jikinsa.
Launin mace da na maza sun sha bamban sosai: kamannin maza ne da ke ɗauke da sunan - ragin bakan gizo na Kongo.
Idan mace baƙaciya ce kuma ta fi girma fiye da maza, to tetra of the Congo wata hanya ce dabam: mace smalleran ƙarami ce kuma gabaɗaya ba kusa da maza masu haske, bakan gizo.
Hoton kifin Kongo yana nuna launi na mazan da ya manyanta: launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi tare da launuka masu ruwan shuɗi-orange suna gudana tare da jikin kusa da baya kuma ƙarancin haske yana gudana daga sama zuwa ƙasa. A cikin sashin kai na sama, tabarau masu launin ja-orange suma suna galaba.
Siffofin bayyanar:
- Jikin yana da elongated kuma dan kadan matsa a tarnaƙi.
- Idanun suna da girma da kuma bayyanawa.
- Kamar kowane ƙwaƙwalwa, akwai ƙaramin adipose fin a bayan baya tsakanin ƙwanƙwasa da caudal.
- Insashin ventral, ƙarancin ƙashi da na sharri suna cikin kwanciyar hankali kuma basu da launi mai launi - launin toka, wani lokaci tare da launin shuɗi.
- A kan cinikin ƙoshin baya da kuma tsakiyar caudal, a cikin maza, yanayin tafiyar dogon labulen bayyananne bayyane bayyane. Wani lokacin wutsiyar namiji Kongo ana kiranta sau uku, idan aka ɗauki tsakiyar wutsiyar ya zama hudun na uku.
Tsawon jikin da aka saba da shi na maza na Congra tetra shine 8.5 - 9 santimita, kuma kadan kadan ga mace - 6 santimita. Tsawon rayuwa ya kai shekaru 5.
Sanya cikin tsarin kifi
Tetra Congo wakilin gidan Characiformes ne na haracinids, wani lokacin ana kiranta da hali. Kyakkyawan fasalin tsarin kifaye na wannan tsari shine kasancewar fin fin kitsen a baya, wanda yake a bayan fin cinyar, yana kusa da fin ƙoshin caudal.
Dukkanin mambobin kungiyar suna zaune ne a Afirka ta Tsakiya ko a tsakiyar Arewacin da Kudancin Amurka. Saboda haka, sun kasu kashi biyu na Afirka da na Amurka. Kongo mu kifi ne na haracin Afirka kuma masanin ilmin dabbobi na Ingila kuma masanin kimiyyar bogi George Albert Boulenger ya bayyana shi a 1899. Abin mamaki shine, masanin kimiyyar bai taɓa zuwa Afirka ba, amma ana ɗaukar shi ƙwararre ne a cikin kifin ruwa a Afirka.
Congo mazauninsu a cikin yanayi da kuma a cikin akwatin kifaye
Baya ga kogin suna iri guda, a saman da take zaune a ciki, tudun bakan gizo tana zaune wasu koguna a yankin tsakiyar Afirka - Kwarin kogin Zaire. A karkashin yanayin yanayi na gurɓataccen ruwan kogi a cikin koguna na Afirka, kifayen suna ci gaba da garken, suna cin kwari, crustaceans, da sauran nau'ikan zooplankton. A cikin abincinsu ma akwai abincin shuka.
Mafi yawan Congo tetra da ake sayarwa a shagunan ana buge su a gabashin Turai da Asiya.
- Bayar da salon rayuwa a cikin yanayi, sayi kifi a cikin garke na 6-8 kwafin, kuma zai fi dacewa har zuwa 10.
- Zaɓi akwatin kifaye na ƙarar da ta dace - 100 - 130 lita ko fiye.
Duk abubuwan biyu suna da mahimmanci don kula da haske da kyakkyawa da launi na maza. A cikin ƙaramin rukuni, kowane kifi yana jin ba shi da kariya kuma yana jin tsoro, watau yana fuskantar damuwa.
Lokaci mai rikitarwa 'kashe' kyau da kyawun maza na bakan gizo Isasshen sarari a cikin akwatin kifaye don rijiyar ninkaya kyauta yana ba da gudummawa ga samun launi mai launi.
Saboda yanayin kunyarsa da kuma nuna damuwa ga damuwa, kifin ruwan kifayen Kongo zai ji daɗin zama cikin akwatin kifaye masu wuraren mafaka da yawa. Sabili da haka, lokacin ƙirƙirar akwatin kifaye, ya zama dole sanya tsire-tsire da yawa, masu rai da filastik.
Amma an fi so a yi amfani da waɗanda ke raye, saboda suna da ƙananan matakin nitrates, kuma wannan yana da matukar muhimmanci ga ingancin ruwa.
Mafi kyawun zaɓi don ƙirƙirar akwatin kifin shine dasa tsire-tsire masu rai kusa da ganuwar gefen. A wannan yanayin, tsakiyar ɓangaren akwatin kifaye zai kasance kyauta kuma ya ba da dama don yin iyo kifayen masu aiki.
Sauran yanayin tsarewa: ƙarancin haske da maƙwabta maƙera na cikin akwatin kifaye.
Amfani da ƙasa mai duhu da samar da haske mai mahimmanci ya zama dole don rage yiwuwar kifin da ke damuwa. Kuna iya shuka irin su a cikin akwatin kifaye irin wannan tsire-tsire waɗanda ke iyo akan ƙasa kuma haifar da inuwa.
Tunda kifayen Congo suna da kwanciyar hankali, zasu iya cizo sassaƙar tsire-tsire masu tsini, amma ba sauran maƙwabta na kifaye ba, don haka basa buƙatar a dasa su tare da ƙwayar aiki, har ma da yawan nau'in tashin hankali. Babu buƙatar saukarwa tare da waɗanda zasu iya cizo da labulen ƙashin ragowar.
Maƙwabta mafi kyau ga Congo sune kifaye masu kisa-ɗora tare da su. Kyakkyawan maƙwabta sune nau'ikan cichlids na lumana, iris da hanyoyin kifi. Hakanan, kada ku dasa ƙananan kifi a cikin tetra - za su kasance da jin daɗi kusa da maza 8 santimita na tetra.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Ruwan sama-sama mai ruwan sama a Kongo yana ba da damar inganta aikinsu. A matsayin tushen tsarin abincin, zaku iya ɗaukar hatsi kuma ku kara su da abinci da kayan lambu. Artemia (daskararre) da cututtukan jini suna bada shawarar abinci azaman rayuwa. Ana amfani da kayan abinci na ganye don adana ganyayyaki da ƙananan harbe na tsire-tsire na akwatin kifaye, wanda idan akwai rashin daidaitaccen abincin da kifayen za su ci da ƙarfi.