Kadan daga cikin mu a lokacin ƙuruciya ba su da sha'awar littattafan adabi ta Main Reed ko Fenimore Cooper. Indiyanci, yabon, savannahs, mustangs da coyotes. Mai haɗari, wayo, dabbobi masu hankali. A cikin al'adun Arewacin Amurkawa na Arewacin Amurka, sun mamaye wani muhimmin matsayi.

Yawancin lokaci ana yaba su da halayen ɗan adam: dabara, hankali, yaudara, wayo. Babu halayen gwarzo, irin duniyar dabba ta Loki. Irin waɗannan haruffa ana kiransu "mayaudara" - wayo da mayaudara. Kuma ba a banza ba.

Coyote yana ɗaukar matsayi na tsakiya tsakanin ƙyarkeci da dawakai. Na biyu, kamar yadda ka sani, yaudara ce. Indiyawan sun girmama wannan dabbar, kuma a lokaci guda ba su amince da shi ba. Wasu kabilu sun dauke shi asalin mugunta. Kuma ga waɗansu, dabba ne mai tsarki. Misali a Navajo, alal misali, shi allahn abin da ya biyo baya da ƙauna, mai kirkirar yaƙi da rawa. Matsayi na tsakiya tsakanin nagarta da mugunta.

Coyote, ko makiyaya wolf, suna cikin dangin canines (karnuka). Danginsa na kusa sune kyarkeci na yau da kullun, kare kare, arctic fox, fox da jackal. Daga harshen Latin sunan shi Canis latrans - “mai kare haushi”. Don haka Azteks ya kira shi - "coyotle - mai kare na Allah." Daga cikin Aztecs, shi dabba dabba ce, arewolf, gwarzo kuma mai ceto.

Yana kaiwa nesa daga haɗari, duk da haka, yana da sabani mai kyau na Lunar, yana aika ambaliyar ruwa. Ruhun dare da wayo. Allah Quetzalcoatl, ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan bauta na Aztec, mahaliccin duniya, ya ci nasarar ubangijin da ke ƙarƙashin Miktlantekutli, kuma a wannan lokacin an daidaita shi ta biyu.

Dabbar tana da aiki mai zurfi mai tsoratarwa. Ya sami damar daidaitawa da fadada wayewar kai zuwa cikin fure da fauna na asali. Haka kuma, ba wai kawai ya tsira ba, amma kuma ya sami damar yadawa ko'ina cikin Arewacin Amurka, duk da yunƙurin lalata mutum. Ta wata hanya, mutum ya ba da gudummawa ga Dabiyar dabba Yanzu yana rayuwa akan daukacin nahiyar.

Yanzu akwai kusan miliyan su a Arewacin Amurka. Zasu iya kusantar mazaunan mutane, tsorata howls da dare. Sun ce har da 'yan fim din Hollywood,' yan yawon bude ido a cikin jihar New Hampshire suna jin su. Kuma kafin su kasance a can. Rayuwa mai ban mamaki, damar iya daidaitawa ta tabbatar da cewa wannan dabbar tana da matukar tsuma da wayo.

An yi amfani da hoton coyote a matsayin alamun wasannin Olympics a lokacin wasannin Olympics na lokacin sanyi a 2002 a garin Salt Lake City. Shi ne ya saci wuta daga gumakan, yana hawa dutsen. Kamar kowane kyarkeci, mai son 'yanci ne kuma jarumi. Coyote, don fita daga tarkon, ya sami damar ciza kansa.

Wasu bayanai masu ban sha'awa. A shekara ta 2000, an fitar da fim din "Ulyly Coyote Bar", wanda nan take ya zama ofishin akwatin. Waƙoƙi da kiɗa daga gareta har yanzu sun shahara. Akwai wani abin kwaikwayo ga wannan fim - haƙiƙa saloon "Coyote mummuna", An buɗe shi a New York a cikin 1993. Yanzu haka akwai wasu cibiyoyin shan giya da yawa waɗanda suke iri ɗaya suna a duk faɗin duniya. Ciki har da, kuma a cikin Moscow, St. Petersburg da sauran biranen.

Bayanin da fasali

Coyote yana da jiki mai nauyi daga 70 zuwa 100 cm tsayi. Kuma wannan ba tare da wutsiya ba, wanda ya kai 40 cm a tsayi. Mayafin yana da tsawo sosai tsakanin ruwan ƙafa; wannan wurin ana kiransa "mane" ko "scabble".

Wannan dabba kusan sau uku kasa da kyarkeci, nauyi daga kilo 9 zuwa 18. Kafafunsa sun fizge, kafafunsa sun fi kyau, hancinsa ya fi kyau, kusanci da dawakai. Idanun suna da rawaya na zinare, wutsiya tana da tsawo kuma tayi kyau. Kunnuwa sun yi daidai. Kwanyar tana kama da wolf, ƙanƙanta kaɗan kaɗan.

Lambar daji watakila ba shine mafi kyawun daukacin tsararrun magabatan ba, da dangin canine, musamman. Yana da sunaye da yawa - ciyawar wolf, ciyawar wolf, ƙaramar wolf, har ma da ciyawar daji.

Yanzu ba a yi masa barazanar lalacewa ba, dabbar tana da unpreentiousness da ciniki na musamman. Wannan ɗayan manyan kayan aikinsa ne. Yana yin haƙuri da zafi da sanyi, yana da iko, yana iya rayuwa cikin gandun daji da a kwari, har ma a cikin tsaunuka. Yana da hankali kamar kyarkeci, amma da sauri ya saba da kowane yanayi. Babu farauta - cin abinci, ba abincin dabbobi - cin kayan lambu. Sun lura cewa coyote yana cin berries da asalinsu.

Hannunsa na hankali da kuma tunani suna cikin haɓaka. Shi mai wasan motsa jiki ne, yana tafiyar kilomita 55-70. Babban jumper, zai iya iyo, ba ya jin tsoron ruwan sanyi, kuma yana iya kai farmaki da beaver. Kuma ba kowa bane hakora. Yana kuma da jaws, kamar nono. Coyote ba matsoraci bane, amma a hankali. Zai iya farauta shi kadai, a cikin nau'i-nau'i, har ma a cikin kananan rukuni.

Yana tafiya da kyau sosai, kamar dai iyo iyo a ƙasa. Lokaci-lokaci yana juya wuyansa a cikin bangarori daban-daban, zuwa garesu da baya, sauraro da saƙo. Zai iya birgewa sosai tare da ƙanshin da ba a san shi ba, kamar dai firgita. Neman gajiya, mai iya tafiyar kilomita da yawa. Coyote a cikin hoto - dabbar da take tsaye, mai fahariya da gaba gaɗi, wanda ya san ƙimar kansa.

Yanzu zamu iya magana game da ƙananan 19 na wolf makiyaya. Shekarun 20 ne, amma mutum guda ya mutu - Eyosian coyote. Abubuwansa na prehistoric sun rayu akan yankin Eurasia na zamani. Don haka, mun san babban nau'in dabbar da aka lura da ita: Mexican, San Pedro Martira (California), El Salvador, (Kansas, Texas, Oklahoma), Belize, Honduras, Durango (Mexico), arewacin (Alaskan), bayyananne, dutse (Kanada), Mearns (Colorado da Utah), Rio Grande, Dogon California, dogon zango, Texas marainiya, arewa maso gabas (Ontario, Indiana), gabar arewa maso yamma (Oregon da Washington), Colimian (Mexico).

Mafi shahararrun su shine mexican coyote, godiya ga mashahuran faxin game da shi. Idan wani lokacin mun ji wata magana: “Sannu aboki!” - "Makamin wukilin Tambov abokinka ne!", Ya fi zama ɗan Ba'amurke don jin wani abu kamar haka: "Hey, amigo!" - "coasar Mexico ta kasance gare ku amigo!"

Halaye, salon rayuwa, abinci mai gina jiki, ka'idodin karbuwa tsakanin al'umma da haifuwa kusan iri ɗaya ne ga dukkanin waɗannan ƙasashen. Ko da a cikin bayyanar, wasu lokuta bambance-bambance na kwararru ne kawai kan iya samo su. A cikin rukuni daban-daban ana ba su mafi yawan damar ta hanyar tushen ƙasa.

Ana tunanin jinsunan coyote a matsayin wolf na talakawa, maned, ja, ja, dingo, jakal da kare. Coyote wani nau'in dabba ne na relict na lokacin daukar ciki. A cikin bayyanar ta yanzu ta bayyana ne kimanin shekaru miliyan 2.5 da suka gabata.

Mahaifinsa shine kawun Johnson, wanda ya mutu kusan shekaru miliyan 1.8 da suka gabata. Sunan Latin don wannan relic, Canis lepophagus, ana fassara shi da "Hare Eater". Daga gare shi ne zuriyar zuriya ta zamani ta bayyana, ƙarami ne mai girma fiye da na kakan, kuma kwanyar tsohuwar ta fi girma. A cewar masana binciken burbushin halittu, matsakaicin nauyin prehistoric coyote Johnson shine kilo 30-40.

Bayyanar

Gwargwadon ƙwayar coyotes ba ta da ƙima sosai ga Wolves. Tsawon tsinkayen saurayi shine kawai cm 75-100, kuma wutsiyar ta kai kimanin mitim kwata. Tsawon dabbar dabbar a ƙusoshin ba zai wuce cm 45-50 ba .. Matsakaicin adadin mai farashi ya bambanta tsakanin kilo 7-21. Tare da sauran karnukan daji, karnukan karnuka masu kunne suna da kunnuwa masu tsayawa da kuma wutsiya mai faɗi.

Abin ban sha'awa ne! Coyotes da ke zaune a wurare masu tsaunuka suna da dusar ƙanƙan duhu, kuma ga maɓarnar hamada wani ɗan fari mai launin shuɗi yana da halayyar.

Coyotes ana halin da dogon gashi mai launin ja da launin toka da baki aibobi. A cikin ciki, Jawo yana da haske sosai, kuma a ƙarshen wutsiya - baƙar fata mai laushi. Idan aka kwatanta da kyarkeci na yau da kullun, ana rarrabe coyotes ta hanyar ƙari mai mahimmanci mai zurfi da kaifi, wanda a cikin siffar yana kama da dawakai.

Halin hali da salon rayuwa

Coyotes sun fi kyau fiye da kyarkeci sun saba da zama kusa da mazaunin ɗan adam da haɓaka ƙasa kusan a layi ɗaya tare da mutane. Makiyaya Wolves, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna jin kunya daga bangarorin gandun daji kuma sun fi son wuraren layin-lemo da hamada. Wasu lokuta ana samun su a gefen megacities da manyan ƙauyuka masu adalci. Ga wakilan duk waɗannan kumburi, bayyanar mafi girman aiki tare da farkon yamma halayyar ne.

Manyan coyotes za su iya tono ramuka sosai, amma kuma suna iya sasantawa a cikin gidajen mutane na wofi. Matsakaicin yanki na maharbi kusan kilomita goma sha tara ne, kuma ana amfani da hanyoyin da aka saƙa da fitsari don motsi dabbobi. A wuraren da ƙarnuka na yau da kullun ba su nan ko an lura da lambobinsu marasa ƙima, coyotes na iya haifuwa da sauri da himma.

Duk da girman girmanta, mai shayarwa mai shayarwa na iya tsalle zuwa mita uku zuwa hudu kuma ta haɓaka saurin kilomita 40-65 / h a cikin gudu. Representativesan kaɗan wakilai na dangin Psov sun daɗe suna bin hanyar masu binciken kuma sun sami nasarar rayuwa a kusan duk wani sabon yanayi. Da farko, mazaunin coyotes ya kasance na musamman a yankuna na kudu da tsakiyar Arewacin Amurka, amma yanzu kusan duk nahiyar na zaune ne ta hanyar biyan kuɗi.

Iri Coyotes

A halin yanzu, kasashan goma sha tara na karnukan karnuka masu rai da ke yau an san su:

• C. latatas látráns,
• C. Litrans sagottis,
• C. latransicus,
• C. lаtrаns diсkеyi,
• C. latrans kumar,
• C. lаtrаns gоldmаni,
• C. latrans danza,
• C. latrans ambran,
• C. latrins insolatus,
• C.latrans jamesi,
• C.lаtrаns lеstеs,
• C. lаtrаns meаrnsi,
• C. latrans miсródon,
• C. latrans oshorus,
• C. latrans reshiplae,
• C. latrans techisis,
• C. latatas thámnós,
• C. Litrans umpquensis,
• C. latrans vigilis.

Habitat, mazauni

Yankin babban yanki na wolf makiyaya yana wakiltar Yammaci da kuma tsakiyar Arewacin Amurka. Rage yawan yankunan gandun daji da kuma kawar da manyan masu fafutuka game da abinci mai gina jiki, wanda aka wakilta ta talakawa da jan kyar, sun ba da damar koyo ya yadu a yankuna masu yawa idan aka kwatanta da asalin tarihin.

Abin ban sha'awa ne! Coyotes cikin sauƙin daidaitawa da yanayin shimfidar wuri, kuma a cikin tsaunukan tsaunuka irin waɗannan mafarauta ana samun su har kusan mita dubu biyu zuwa uku sama da matakin teku.

Shekaru dari da suka gabata, karnukan daji na makiyaya sune asalin mazaunin yajin, amma yanzu ana samun coyotes kusan ko'ina, daga Amurka ta Tsakiya zuwa Alaska.

Abincin Coyote

Coyotes suna daga cikin masu koran abinci kuma marasa ƙima a cikin abinci, amma muhimmin sashi na abincin yana wakiltar abincin dabbobi, gami da haro da zomaye, karnukan makiyaya, marmots da dabbobin ƙasa, ƙananan masunta. Raguna, kwari da mallaka, wake, tsuntsaye har ma da wasu kwari sau da yawa suna zama ganima ga coyotes. Makiyaya makiyaya suna iyo sosai kuma suna iya cin nasarar kowane nau'in dabbobi masu ruwa, waɗanda kifi, kwaɗi da sababbi suka wakilta.

A cikin shekarun bazara na ƙarshe da farkon kaka, ciyayi masu cin nama suna jin daɗin cin berries da kowane nau'in 'ya'yan itace, gyada da kuma ƙwayoyin sunflower. Da farkon hunturu, coyotes da ke zaune a yankuna na arewacin sun canza zuwa abinci mai karɓar abinci kuma ku ciyar da jigilar dabbobi da raunana, tsoffin ko dabbobi marasa lafiya. Masu hankoron zama cikin gandun daji na ƙasa da sauri suna saba wa mutane, saboda haka suna iya cin abinci ko da daga hannun mutane.

Dangane da binciken abubuwan da ke ciki na coyotes, an gabatar da daidaitaccen tsarin abincin mai ƙaddara:

• safari - 25%,
• rodents na ƙananan masu girma - 18%,
• dabbobi - 13.5%,
• deer daji - 3.5%,
• gashinsa - 3.0%,
• kwari - 1.0%,
• sauran dabbobi - 1.0%,
• kayan abinci na ganye - 2.0%.

Makiyaya makiyaya suna da wuya su kai hari ga manya da manyan dabbobi da kuma bare, amma sun sami damar farautar tumaki ko ɗan marayu.

Kiwo da zuriya

Ma'aurata a cikin coyotes, a fili, an kafa su sau ɗaya kuma don rayuwa. Makiyaya makiyaya suna da halayya da kulawa da kulawa, suna kula da yaransu. Lokacin aikin kiwo yana faruwa a watan Janairu ko Fabrairu. Yin ciki yana ɗaukar watanni biyu. Bayan bayyanar jariran, tsofaffin 'yan matan sukan yi farauta ta hanyar da za su dogara da kogon, waɗanda ke kusa da matattarar ko babban dutse. Kowane makiyaya wolf iyali dole ne da yawa gidajen zama, inda 'ya'yan da aka canjawa wuri' yar karamar tuhuma daga hatsari.

Makiyaya makiyaya suna isa ga balaga yayin da suke kusan shekara guda, amma, a matsayinkaɗaice, ma'aurata sukan zama kaɗai lokacin da suka kai shekara biyu. Mafi yawancin lokuta, daga yara hudu zuwa sha biyu ana haihuwar su a cikin zuriyar dabbobi, wanda ake gani kawai lokacin yana da kwanaki goma. Watan farko, coyotes suna ciyar da madara uwa, bayan wannan kuma a sanannin saniyar zata bar barin kogon su, kuma 'ya' yan kuya-maza sun zamo masu 'yanci ne kawai a lokacin fall. Maza yawanci suna barin ramin iyaye, kuma mata masu zurfin jima'i, akasin haka, sun gwammace su kasance cikin garken iyayen. Yawancin matasa sun mutu a farkon shekarar rayuwa.

Duk iyayen suna da damuwa game da haɓakar jariran.. A cikin kwanakin farko bayan haihuwar 'yan kwikwiyo, rami baya barin mace kwata-kwata, saboda haka duk matsalolin samun abinci an warware shi gaba daya ta namiji, wanda ya bar kwayayen a ƙofar rami, amma kuma yana iya lalata abincin da aka narke. Da dai 'yan' yar tsana suka yi karanci, duka iyayen sun fara shiga cikin farauta. Sau da yawa, 'yan' mata kwata-kwata daga mata biyu zuwa uku ana haihuwar su nan da nan kuma ana tashe su a cikin kogon wasan tare. Hakanan, sanannun hanyoyin tsallake-tsallake tare da kyarkeci ko karnukan gida da na daji suna sanannu ne, sakamakon abin da aka haife mutane.

Abokan halitta

Manyan abokan hamayya na tsoffin coyotes sune cougar da Wolves. Yarinya kuma ba cikakkiyar masu farauta ba na iya zama ɗan daɗi sosai ga gaggafa da kuma shaho, mujiya, cougar, manyan karnuka ko wasu abubuwan maye A cewar masana, kasa da rabin matasa suna samun damar yin rayuwa har zuwa lokacin balaga.

Abin ban sha'awa ne! A matsayin babban mai yin gasa abinci, wanda zai iya fitar da coyote daga yankin da yake da kyau, zaku iya la'akari da fox jan.

Sanadin ƙarancin mace-mace tsakanin karnukan ciyayi shine ya haifar da cututtuka masu yawa, da suka hada da zomo da magabata, amma ana ɗaukar mutane a matsayin babban abokin gaba na coyote. Ana amfani da karnukan karnuka da tarkuna, strychnine da arsenic, da ƙone duka wuraren, azaman hanyoyin magance yawan haɓakar haɓaka. Musamman magungunan kashe qwari "1080" ya kasance sananne musamman, yana kashe ba kawai coyotes ba, har ma da wasu dabbobi da yawa cikin nasara. Tarawa cikin ƙasa da ruwa, guba "" 1080 "ta haifar da lalacewar yanayin da ba shi da iyaka, a sanadiyyar hakan an dakatar dashi gaba ɗaya.

Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu

Makiyaya makiyaya suna yaɗu kuma gama gari.. Coyotes, a matsayin nau'in halitta, a bayyane ya keɓe sosai yayin Late Pliocene, kimanin shekaru miliyan 2.3 da suka gabata. A wannan lokacin ne coyotes sun sami damar ware kansu daga magabata na gama-gari don ci gaban su. A halin yanzu, ana ƙididdige karnukan ciyayi a cikin jinsin waɗanda yawan jama'arsu ke haifar da rashin damuwa.

Dabbobin Coyote. Coyote salon rayuwa

Dabbobin Kudancin Coyote na Amurka - daya daga cikin wanda za'a iya jituwa a duniya, wannan dabbar zata iya canza tsarin kiwo, halaye, abinci mai gina jiki da kuma sauye sauyen zamantakewar al'umma don tsira da rayuwa iri-iri.

An haɗa su a cikin nau'in chordates, aji na dabbobi masu shayarwa, dangin taimako, dangi na karnuka, karnuka, dawakai da dawakai, akwai ƙananan adadin 19 na coyote. Coyote a girma, kamar matsakaici na kare, yana iya yin kama da makiyayi mai ban sha'awa, duk da cewa sun fi ƙarancin abokan wasansu ƙyar. Tsawon jikin daga kai zuwa sacrum shine 80-95 santimita. Wutsiyar tana ƙara musu santimita 41 na tsawonsu, yawanci nauyin daga kilo 9 zuwa 23 ne.

Abubuwan Coyote da Habitat

Sunan kimiyya Canis latrans yana nufin haushi.Suna da kunkuntar muzzles mai launin shuɗi ko idanu, amman kunnuwa, kunnuwa na bakin ciki, an rufe su da kauri mai fiɗa da wutsiyoyi masu tsayi.

Dabbobin suna da launin toka, ja, fari ko launin fari. Launin rigunansu ya dogara da inda suke zama. Dabbobin Coyote yana zaune a Arewacin Amurka kuma yana yawon tuddai da duwatsun, da wuya ya zauna a cikin gandun daji.

Fiye da wuraren zama - hamada na Kanada, Amurka, Mexico da Amurka ta Tsakiya. Yayin da mutane suke faɗaɗa iyakokin karkara, coyotes dole ne daidaita da rayuwar birane don neman abinci.

A yau, mazaunan New York, Florida da Los Angeles ba su yi mamakin bayyanar wani coyote a kan titi ba. Coyotes halittu ne masu sauri. Koyaya, yawancin coyotes basu taɓa ganin ɗan adam ba. Zasu iya haɓaka kimanin kilomita 64 a sa'a guda, manyan masu iyo da tsalle-tsalle.

Abincin Coyote

Coyotes suna dauke game da abinci. An yi imani da cewa su masu cin nama ne, a zahiri su masamman ne kuma suna cinye ciyayi. Suna son farauta ƙaramin wasa kamar su beraye, zomaye, kifi, kwaro, suna iya cin abinci ko kuma sun ci bayan wasu masu farauta.

Abun ciye-ciye, kwari, 'ya'yan itatuwa da ganye. Idan garken coyotes sun taru, to, za'a iya farautar farauta, alal misali, ga barewa. Galibi suna bin abin da za su ci, ta hanyar amfani da kyakkyawar kwarewar kamshin su, sannan kuma ana amfani da karfinsu don yin amfani da abin da suke so don yin nisa don yin nisa a kan dogon nisa kuma idan wanda aka kashe ya gaji, sai a kawo yajin.

A lokacin rani, ƙila su yi ƙoƙarin haƙa tafkin rijiyar ruwa ko kuma su sami masu shan shanun. Ciyawar da dabbobi ke ci tana da wasu laima a ciki.

Urban coyotes na amfani da wuraren waha, kwanukan kare na ruwa, tafkunan ruwa da shinge ruwa akan kofofin golf da sauran hanyoyin danshi na dan adam.

A cikin mutane mai ban dariya la'akari da kwaro wanda zai iya kashe dabbobi da dabbobi. A cikin garuruwa, kujeru na cin abinci a kan dabbobin gida - kuliyoyi, ƙananan karnuka kuma suna ɗaukar zuriyar dabbobi a cikin jujjuyawar. Coyotes na iya sauƙaƙa tsallake shinge ko bango mita uku.

Sake buguwa da rayuwar rayuwa

Za a iya ganin ma'aurata coyotes a cikin hoto, maza sun fi maza yawa. A wasu halaye, coyotes na kirkirar kawance na tsawon lokaci, suna haɓaka sama da offspringaya ɗaya tare, wani lokacin kuma suna zama tare muddin suna raye. Lokacin mating yana wucewa daga watan Fabrairu zuwa Maris.

A farkon lokacin dila, maza da yawa sun yi maza a kewayen mace don kula da ita, amma za ta ƙulla dangantaka da ɗayansu. Ma'auratan za su ba da ɗan lokaci tare kafin ma'aurata.

Yawancin ciki yawanci a watan Afrilu ne - Mayu, lokacin da akwai abinci da yawa. Wannan lokacin yana daukar kwanaki 63, yana daga mutane uku zuwa goma sha biyu ne. Yadda babban brood zai kasance ya dogara da inda yake zaune coyote.

A cikin wuraren da akwai coyotes masu yawa, za a sami ƙaramar brood. A cikin yankuna da karancin coyotes, girman brood zai zama mafi girma. Dukkanin abokan haɗin gwiwa suna da hannu a cikin kula da ƙananan dabbobi.

Uwa tana ciyar da 'ya'yansu tare da madara tsawon makonni biyar zuwa bakwai, bayan sati uku sai suka fara cin abincin rabin-ruwa, wanda namiji ya kawo ya kuma fitar da shi. Mahaifi mai kulawa yana ɗaukar abinci ga mace tare da yara koyaushe kuma yana taimakawa kare shi daga masu ɓarna.

Matar ta kasance tare da ɗan tsintsiya har sai idanunsu sun buɗe, wanda yake kusan kwanaki 11-12. Bayan wata shida da haihuwa, samarin coyotes sun girma kuma suna da hakora na dindindin. Daga wannan lokacin, mace tana horar da zuriyarta don neman abinci.

Dangi a hankali ya gudu, kuma ta kaka, puppy, a matsayin mai mulkin, tafi farauta kawai. A cikin shekara guda suna tafiya da kansu, suna nuna ƙasa da fitsari. Dabbobin suna shirye don dabbar ta hanyar watanni 22. Dabbobin Coyote kuma iya aboki tare da karnuka.

Ana kiran zuriyarsu koidogami. Su 'yan kaɗan ne, tun da maza ba sa taimaka wa mace ta kula da anda andan kuma lalacewar ta auku a lokacin hunturu, wanda ke haifar da ƙananan tsira.

Hoto Kaidog

Coyotes suna rayuwa cikin damuwa akai-akai daga masu cin abincin, gwagwarmayar abinci, cututtuka da cututtukan fata. Yawancin lokaci sukan mutu a hannun mutane, cougars, bears, gaggafa, karnuka suna farautar su, kuma manyan maye sukan kashe yaran wasu. Coyotes a cikin zaman fursuna suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 18. A cikin daji, kusan shekara hudu, yawancin yara masu shekaru suna mutuwa a cikin shekarar farko.

Yaɗa

An rarraba shi a Arewacin Amurka, daga Alaska zuwa Panama. Akwai ƙananan hukumomi 19.

Har zuwa 50s An samo coyote na karni na 19 ne daga Mississippi zuwa tsaunin Sierra Nevada, kuma daga lardin Alberta (Kanada) zuwa Mexico. Ba a san shi ba a jihohin kudu maso gabashin Amurka. Amma saboda katsewar ciyawar da kuma katsewar manyan masu fafatawa a gasar abinci - talakawa da jan wolf - coyote ya bazu zuwa yankin da yake yanzu. Don haka, yayin "cokutes na" gwal ", bin masu neman zinare, sun shiga Kanada kuma Alaska, Georgia da Florida an gabatar dasu musamman azaman wasan. A yau, ana samun coyote a cikin 49 na jihohin Amurka 50 (ban da Hawaii).

Rayuwa & Abinci

Coyote halayyar filayen bude koguna ne da wuraren hamada suke. Da wuya ya shiga cikin dazuzzuka. Tana faruwa duka a wuraren da ba kowa ciki kuma a gefen manyan biranen Los Angeles. Sauƙaƙe yana dacewa da shimfidar wuraren da mutum yayi. Rayuwar rayuwar galibi tagwaye ne. A cikin abubuwan halittar daji na prairie coyote sun mamaye wani wuri mai kama da na jackal a cikin tarihin rayuwar tsohuwar duniya. Coyote yana da iko a kan abinci. Koyaya, 90% na abincinsa yana cikin abincin dabbobi: hares, zomaye, karnukan makiyaya, katako da ciyawa (a Kanada), ƙananan ƙwayoyin wuta. Tana kaiwa da kwale-kwalen roko, dodo, daskararru, mallaki da beavers, cin tsuntsayen (pheasants), kwari. Tana iyo da kama dabbobi masu ruwa - kifi, kwaɗi da sabbin dabbobin ruwa. Ba a fuskantar farmaki na tumaki, awaki, barewar daji da kuma dabbobin daji ba. A ƙarshen bazara da kaka, tana cin ea berriesan itace, 'ya'yan itatuwa da gyada tare da nishaɗi. A yankuna na arewacin a cikin hunturu, sai ya sauya zuwa ciyar da abinci, yana bin garkunan manyan ungulates, suna cin ragowar da yanka dabbobi masu rauni. Yawancin lokaci mutane ba sa taɓawa, a cikin wasu wuraren birni wani lokaci ana watsa jita-jita ta hanyar datti. Koyaya, kwanan nan an sami lokuta masu yawa na coyotes suna kaiwa mutane hari. Guda biyu na hare-hare na coyote akan mutanen da suka mutu sun ragu a cikin tarihi. Coyotes yakan kai hari ga dabbobi gida wanda ba a kulawa dashi; coyote ɗaya na iya kashe mutum da ci cat ko ƙaramar kare, lalata kaji ko cizo da tunkiya. A Amurka, an kiyasta kusan kashi 60% na tumakin da magabatan suka kashe suna da abin da ya faru. A cikin kusancin manyan biranen, kuliyoyin gida na iya lissafin kusan kashi 10 cikin 100 na abincin coyote.

Coyotes farauta kadai, a cikin nau'i-nau'i, wani lokacin don babban wasa (barewa mai baƙar fata, caribou matasa da wapiti) - a cikin fakitoci. Rarraba matsayin cikin farauta iri daya ne da na karnukan kyarketai. Wani lokacin coyote yakan yi farauta tare da wata baƙon Ba'amurke, wanda ke karya ƙofar rami kuma yana fitar da mazaunin ta kai tsaye zuwa coyote. Kowane coyote, ma'aurata ko kuma dangi suna da yankin kansa, cibiyar wacce take rama ko rami. Membersungiyoyi masu haɗuwa kullun suna iyakokin iyakokin shafin su tare da fitsari.

Coyote shine mafi yawan '' wasa 'na dukkanin karnukan daji, na dukkan karnuka, kawai ɗanɗano launin toka na iya kama coyote. A coyote zai iya tsalle 2-4 m tsawo da gudu a cikin sauri na 40-50 km / h, a takaice nisa zai iya isa gudu zuwa 65 km / h. Yana iya motsawa a kan manyan nisa mai nisa: yayin farauta, yana cin nasara kilomita 5-16. Wataƙila coyote yana da ƙwayoyin tsohuwar ƙwayar cuta a cikin duk jijiyar ƙwayar cuta, ya hango nesa nesa har zuwa 200 m, daidai gwargwado dare da rana. Bugu da kari, coyote shine yafi “musanman” a tsakanin dabbobi masu shayarwa na Arewacin Amurka: hayaniya da takeyi wani bangare ne mai muhimmmanci na yabon.

Babban abokan gaba su ne cougar da wolf. Kyarkeci a cikin wata hanyar buɗe ba shi da haɗari ga coyote, saboda coyote yana gudu da sauri kuma koyaushe zai iya gudu. Coyote bai yarda da kasancewar wani makullin jan ba, wanda yake gasa da abinci, a yankin sa. Wani lokacin coyotes yakan haye tare da karnukan gida, wani lokacin kuma tare da kyarkeci.

Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa

Babban sashin zamantakewar jama'a a cikin coyotes shine maza da mata, kodayake ana samun dabbobi da garken da ba a yin amfani da su. An fara yin furanni a inda akwai wadataccen coyotes, kuma abincin yalwatacce, a cikinsu mutane 5-6, iyaye da ƙananan dabbobi daga shekarar da ta gabata. Itatuwan filaye sun bayyana a cikin coyotes koda lokacin da adadin ƙananan ƙwayoyi ya ragu, kuma an tilasta coyotes hada kai don farautar manyan dabbobi. Coyotes da wuya rikici mai mahimmanci, har ma mamayewa baƙi a ɓangaren garken yawanci ba ya haifar da faɗa.

Nau'in Coyote nau'i na shekaru. Mating - a cikin Janairu-Fabrairu. Ciki - 60-65 days, a cikin brood 5-10, wani lokacin har zuwa 19 cubs. An haifi dodo ne a cikin kogo - a cikin kogo, kogon dutse tsakanin duwatsu, cikin ramin bishiyar da ta fadi ko a rami, wani lokacin tsohuwar badakala ko dawakai. Coyotes yawanci suna da wuraren shakatawa inda iyaye ke ɗaukar cuba cuban kisa idan akwai haɗari. Duk iyayen suna da hannu cikin kulawar iyali. A kwanakin farko mace ba ta barin rami, kuma namiji yana samun abinci. Cubs suna ciyar da, belching abinci mai narkewa. A cikin kaka, sun zama masu zaman kansu, ,an samari suna barin, kuma mace yawanci suna cikin fakitin.

Coyotes yana rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 10 a cikin 'yanci kuma shekaru 16-18 a fursuna.

Asalin gani da kwatancin

Coyote ɗan ƙaddara ne kai tsaye wanda ya shafi gidan canine. An fassara daga Latin, sunan wannan dabbar yana nufin "karen kare." Ba a kira Coyote ba kawai kare, har ma da kyarkeci, makiyayi ne kawai, duk da cewa coyote ya fi ƙanƙanta girma fiye da na karnukan talakawa. Tsawon jikinsa ya kai mita daya, baya kirga wutsiya, wanda tsayinsa yakai cm 30. Tsawon coyote a cikin mayukan shine rabin mitir, kuma nauyinsa ya bambanta daga kilo 7 zuwa 21. Wolf ɗin yana da girma kuma ya fi girma fiye da coyote, nauyinsa yana daga kilogram 32 zuwa 60.

Bidiyo: Coyote

Akwai kuɗin shiga mai yawa na coyote, yanzu akwai goma sha tara daga cikinsu. Abubuwa sun bambanta kaɗan da girma da launi na murfin fur. Ya dogara da madawwamin zama na wata ƙungiya mai ma'anar coyotes. A waje, coyote yayi kama da kyarkeci kawai, yana kama da jakuna da karen talakawa. Coyotes ya fito waje daban a matsayin wani nau'in halitta a ƙarshen marigayi Pliocene (fiye da shekaru miliyan biyu da suka gabata).

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: coyotes na iya yin abokantaka tare da karnuka biyu da kyarkeci (ja da launin toka), ta haka ne ake samar da iri-iri. An sani cewa matasan coyote da kare suna da yanayin yan fashi, yana kai hari kan dabbobi sau da yawa fiye da na coyote na yau da kullun.

Gidajen kuɗin na coyote a hankali yana faɗaɗawa, wannan tsari ya fara tun farkon karni na sha tara, lokacin da aka rage adadin karnuka masu launin ja da launin toka saboda lalata mutane. Wani coyote ya zo don maye gurbin karnukan karnukan kidan a kan iyakar su, ya bazu ko'ina cikin yankin Arewacin Amurka.

Ina ne coyote yake zaune?

Hoto: Kurmi na Koyote

Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, mazaunin coyotes yanzu ya faɗi sosai, kodayake kafin wannan magabcin ba ta yadu ba. Yanzu an sanya Coyotes ko'ina cikin Arewacin da Tsakiyar Amurka, kuma mazauninsu ya tashi daga Alaska zuwa Costa Rica. Ko da ƙasa da shekara ɗari da suka wuce, coyote yana da mazaunin dindindin a kan tituna, yana zaune yankuna daga Mississippi zuwa tsaunukan Sierra Nevada, kuma daga lardin Kanada na Alberta har zuwa jihar Mexico. A kudanci da gabashin Amurka, ba a san dabbar nan ba.

Yanzu halin da ake ciki ya canza sosai, wannan ya faru saboda dalilai da yawa:

• Sakamakon yawaitar ciyawar,
• Halaka ta mutane masu launin ja da launin toka, waɗanda sune manyan masu fafutukar neman coyotes.

Duk wannan ya ba da damar 'yan koyo su yada zuwa waɗancan yankuna waɗanda ba a taɓa ganin wannan dabbar ba. An san cewa a lokacin “masu farautar zinare” suna bin masu zinaren mai ƙyalli don haka sun isa yankin Alaska da Kanada, inda har yanzu suke zaune lafiya. A cikin jihohin Amurka kamar Florida da Georgia, mutane da kansu sun kawo wadannan dabbobin a matsayin wasa. A halin yanzu, coyotes suna zaune a duk jihohin Amurka, banda guda ɗaya, waɗannan masu tsinkayen ba su cikin Hawaii.

Dabbar ta gwammace bude filaye, suna zaune a cikin wuraren shakatawa, makiyaya, hamada da jeji, ba don komai ba ne suka kira shi "ciyawar ciyayi". Lokaci-lokaci, coyotes na iya shiga yankunan daji, amma ba da dadewa ba, coyotes suna zaune a yankuna tundra. Wadannan dabbobin na ban mamaki ana iya kiransu manyan halittu, saboda suna iya saurin zama cikin kowane yanayi. Coyotes na iya zama a cikin manyan wuraren daji, da kuma gefen manyan birane (alal misali, Los Angeles).

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: coyotes suna da ikon hanzarta daidaitawa da kowane yanki mai faɗiɗaɗɗa, kuma a cikin yankuna na tsauni ana iya haɗuwa da tsayin 2 - 3 km.

Menene coyote zai ci?

Hoto: Arewa Coyote

Coyotes ana iya kiransa omnivores; menu na abinci ya ƙunshi dabbobi da abinci iri iri. Tabbas, yawan abincin asalin dabba a cikin abincin abinci yana da yawa sau da yawa. A cikin abinci, waɗannan kaddara ba su da ma'ana. Coyotes na kowane nau'in ƙananan ƙananan mashi, zomaye, marmots, karnuka makiyaya, dabbobin ƙasa suna ci, na iya kai hari skunks, mallaki, beavers, ferrets, raccoons. Wolf makiyaya da kwari iri-iri ba sa raina juna, suna cin abinci akan tsuntsaye.

Ba ya zama ruwan dare ba don farautar dabbobin gida, barewar daji, da kuma cogete, amma tumakin gida sukan fisu ga wannan maharbin. A Amurka, ana yin kididdigar cewa, bisa kididdigar da aka yi, an nuna cewa kusan kashi sittin cikin dari na duk tumakin da aka kashe su ne ke da cutar ta coyote. Baya ga dabbobin gida, akwai kuma raguna na dabbar da ke daji a menu na coyote. Maƙaddara ba za su ƙi macizai, kunkuru ba.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: coyote kyakkyawan ruwa ne mai iyo, wanda kasancewa cikin ruwa, zai iya kama mazaunan kamar sabbin abubuwa, kifaye da kwaɗi.

Mafi yawa a lokacin rani da damina, kayan shuka suna bayyana a abincin coyote:

• Bambancin 'ya'yan itatuwa
• Berries
• 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari,
• Kayan gyada
• Sunflower.

Coyotes waɗanda ke zaune a yankuna na arewa galibi suna cin abinci a cikin lokutan hunturu. Yawancin lokaci suna bin garken ungulates, suna neman marasa lafiya da raunana daidaikun mutane a ciki, kuma suna cin ragowar. Yawancin hare-hare na coyote akan mutane suna da matuƙar wuya, ko da yake sun faru, har ma an rubuta wasu hare-hare guda biyu wanda mutum ya mutu. Coyotes ba sa tsoron manyan biranen kuma a cikin bala'in yunwa sukan ziyarci filayen abincinsu kuma su haƙa rarar abinci.

Idan farmaki kan mutum ya zama mai banbanci ga dokar, to abin kaɗa kai ya ci tare da jin daɗi irin su dabbobi kamar su kuli da ƙananan karnuka. Gabaɗaya, kamar yadda zaku iya gani, menu na karnukan makiyaya yana da wadata da yawa kuma yana da bambanci, yana da adadi mai yawa na kowane ɗanɗano. Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa babban mai yin gasa da abin farauta game da abinci shine fox din yaudara.

Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa

Hoto: coyote na Amurka

Har zuwa kwanan nan, an dauki coyotes guda ɗaya, amma binciken da masana kimiyya suka yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa wannan ba haka bane. A dabi'ance su, waɗannan dabbobin suna da alamarin mace ɗaya, masu haɗuwa suna kafa ma'aurata masu ƙarfi. A wuraren da abinci ke da yawa, galibi dabbobi suna zaune a cikin garken gabaɗaya, waɗanda galibinsu sun haɗu da iyayensu da ƙuruciyarsu daga zaman da suka gabata. Filayen coyotes suna kuma samarwa idan kananan dabbobi a kan iyakar mazauninsu kalilan, kuma manyan dabbobi ba za a iya farauta su kadai ba, saboda haka, mafarautan sun haɗa kai don samun babban wasa.

A coyote yawanci tafi farauta a yamma. A kan kananan jijiyoyi da sauran kananan halittu masu farautar dabbobi don su kadai. A farko, coyote yana neman wanda zai cutar dashi nan gaba, kuma idan yaga hakan, sai ya samu kulawa sosai zuwa gareshi, sannan ya jefa kansa da tsalle-tsalle guda daya, ya danna ganima a kasa kuma ya sare makogwaronta da kumatun ta.

Ya kamata a lura cewa hangen nesa, ƙanshi da jin abubuwan coyotes suna da kyau sosai, wanda ke taimaka musu da yawa yayin farauta. Wadannan masu farautar su ma manyan masu gudu ne, masu iya gudu zuwa kilomita 64 a cikin awa daya. Don farautar manyan dabbobi, coyotes suna haɗaka cikin rukuni don kewaye da fitar da ganima.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: don mafi yawan farauta mai haɗin gwiwa, coyotes sun shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da baƙaƙen, a bayyane suke rarraba aikinsu na farauta a tsakaninsu. Bayan samun rami, jakar ta fara tono ta, tana fitar da mazaunanta, kuma kuyote na lura da wannan don kada wani ya rasa shi. Fa'idodi a cikin irin wannan sabon tsari shine cewa jakar ta kasance karkashin kariyar ciyawar wolf yayin da suke tono ramuka, tana samun ganima da tayi nasarar kama hannun dama a cikin rami, kuma coyote cikin hikima take kama wadanda sukayi kokarin tserewa.

Sadarwa tsakanin coyotes na faruwa ne tare da taimakon sauti iri-iri, kowannensu yana da ma'ana. Lokacin da aka baiyana bayanin inda suke, dabbobin suna tsinkaye tsawa. Sauti kamar kare da kare ya shelanta barazanar. An ɗan ɗan murmusa saƙo kamar gaisuwa. Wani lokacin coyotes sukan yi kuka idan sun gano ganima mai yawa don tara dukkan garken zuwa wurin. Daga ppan kwikwiyo a yayin wasannin motsa rai za ka iya jin sautin kuka da karaya.

Coyotes suna rayuwa, galibi a cikin burrows, wanda galibi suna haƙa kan kansu, kodayake wasu lokuta zasu iya mamaye dawakai da ɓoye. Irin wannan kogon yana tsakiyar cibiyar mallakar su, wanda ma'aurata ke zaune ko kuma ƙaramin garken coyotes, galibi yankin wannan yankin yana da tazara kilomita 20. Sau da yawa, coyotes kuma suna samun mafaka na wucin gadi waɗanda aka shirya a cikin m bushes na shrubs, fasa na kankara da low hollows. Suna amfani da su don ɗan ɗan gajeren hutu ko tsari daga duk wata barazana.

Habitat

An rarraba dabba na nau'ikan Canis latrans (lat. "Kare mai kare") daga Alaska zuwa Amurka ta Tsakiya, amma musamman kan Babban filayen. Tarihi, Dutsen Appalachian shi ne iyakar gabashin iyakarta, amma daga baya mazauninsa ya bazu zuwa duk Amurka da Kanada.

Coyote: bayanin dabba

Tsawon Canis latrans a ƙusoshin shine kusan 60 cm, tsayinsa shine 1-1.3 m, gami da wutsiyar 30-40-cm, nauyi shine kilo 9-23. Jawo yana da tsawo da wahala, yawanci launin toka a saman ya yi fari a ƙasan, m a kafafu kuma a kan wutsiya mai baƙar fata. Hanyar da coyote yayi kama da na iya zama ya bambanta dangane da mazauninsa. Akwai bambance-bambance na yankuna daban-daban a girma da launi iri daban-daban. Yawan samfurori mafi girma suna zaune a arewa maso gabashin Amurka da gabashin Kanada. Coyotes yawanci ƙanana ne da Wolves, amma suna da kunnuwa masu tsayi da kwanyar da ta fi girma.

Abinci da farauta

Coyotes sanannu ne ga sanyin safiyar rana da hawaye. Waɗannan su ne mafi yawan dabbobi ba dabbobi. Coyotes (hoto ana ba da shi a cikin labarin) lokacin da yake gudana, an saukar da wutsiyar ƙasa (sabanin kyarke da ke riƙe shi a sarari) kuma suna da ikon yin saurin gudu zuwa kilomita 64 / h. Waƙoƙinsu sun fi kama da na karnuka.

Coyotes ƙwararrun mafarauta ne, motsin zuciyar su tana da kyau. A wuraren buɗe ido, suna amfani da idanu, amma don neman ganima a cikin ciyayi mai yawa ko a cikin gandun daji, sun dogara da wari da ji. A arewacin kewayon, da coyote preys a kan kurege da farin fari-fari. Individualaya daga cikin mutum na iya kashe barewa, musamman a cikin dusar ƙanƙara. Coyote ya jefar da shi ƙasa, ya ciji wata ƙasan ƙafafunsa akai-akai, kuma ya mare shi, yana matse makogwaron.

A cikin kaka da farkon hunturu, yawanci sukan farauta cikin nau'i-nau'i ko fakiti. Nasarar ta dogara da yawan masu halarta. Manya-manyan garken galibi sukan farauto manyan dabbobi, ko da yake sun kama kuma suna cin duk wani abin da ya same su. Abincin abinci na coyotes ya ƙunshi kwari, macizai, ciyawa da cin abinci. A lokutan da ba'a samu ganima, ko a wuraren da wahalar samowa ba, suna ciyar da 'ya'yan itace da' ya'yan itace daji. A lokaci guda, coyotes na iya rasa nauyi. A arewa maso gabas, sun fi wadatar abinci a lokacin hunturu, lokacin da barewa sun fi sauƙi a kama.

Yankin ƙasa

Coyotes suna da haɓakar koyarwar don kare shafin su. Dukkan mambobin ma'aurata suna tsare shi. Yankin yana da alamar fitsari da zazzabi, kuma an yi imanin cewa alamarin aikinta shima hawaye ne. Girma na makircin ya bambanta da inda coyote ke zaune. Yankin ta ya dogara ne da kasancewar abinci. A mafi yawan lokuta, yakai murabba'in mita 10-40. km Dabbobin suna wuce kilomita 5-16 a kowace rana, gami da kimanin kilomita 0.8 ta ruwa.

Tsawon rayuwa

A cikin zaman talala, coyote zai iya kai shekara 21, amma a cikin daji suna rayuwa shekaru 6-8. Matsakaicin sanannu shine shekaru 14.5. Sanadin yawancin mutuwar mutane ne. Suna kashewa saboda ja da kuma kare gida ko dabbobin daji. Coyotes sau da yawa mutu a karo tare da ababen hawa.

Cututtukan cututtuka irin su scabies, annoba kare da rabies sune mafi yawan abubuwan da ke haifar da mutuwarsu a cikin daji. Scabies yana da sauƙin ganewa, yayin da marasa lafiya ke fara rasa gashi a wasu sassan jiki, yawanci akan wutsiya da bangarorin. A ƙarshe, za su iya mutuwa bayan farkon yanayin sanyi.

Haɗin ɗan adam

Coyote dabba ce mai hankali, sananne ga wayo da saurin sa. Ya dade yana tsananta saboda hare-hare kan dabbobi da wasa. Har zuwa tsakiyar karni na ashirin. jihohi da yawa sun biya kuɗin don asarar rayuka. Mutane da ke zaune kusa da gonaki galibi suna kai hari kan dabbobi, musamman tumaki. Hakanan zasu iya lalata amfanin gona na watermelons, guna da sauran albarkatu. An san cewa a kusa da garuruwa, coyotes suna kashewa kuma suna cin dabbobin gida da aka barsu na dare a waje. Akwai wasu tabbaci na harin da aka kaiwa mutane, gami da aƙalla wani mummunan lamari. Koyaya, irin waɗannan al'amuran suna da wuya sosai kuma, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna faruwa inda coyotes suka daina jin tsoron mutane (alal misali, kusa da kewayen gari). Yawancin lokaci suna jin tsoro kuma suna gujewa mutane, amma suna yarda da kasancewar mutane a wuraren shakatawa, ana iya samun su akai-akai a biranen biranen Chicago da Los Angeles.

Vocalization

An kira Coyote mafi shahararrun dabbobi masu shayarwa na Arewacin Amurka. Manya sun sami damar haifarwa aƙalla nau'ikan koyarwar magana 11. Wadannan muryoyin sun kasu kashi biyu: agonistic da damuwa, gaisuwa da tuntuɓar juna.

Ana amfani da hawan ƙaramin ƙarfi azaman tsoratarwa ko ƙararrawa kuma ana yawan jin sa a yankuna na kusa, yana sa yara kwikwiyo su koma da komonsu nan da nan. Ana amfani da bigl azaman siginar barazana a ɗan takaitaccen nesa, amma ana iya jin sa da duka daga wasa ppan ppan kwikwiyo ko daga haɗuwa bibbiyu. Ana iya danganta Barking ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa a nesa, da ƙararrawa. Hawaye na fashewa suna yin irin wannan aiki.

Alamar sallama tayi tana murmishi. Manyan mutane suna bayyana yardarsu da wannan matsayin ta hanyar ɗaga murya mai yawan gaske. Amincewa da maraba ya haɗa da ƙarami mai saurin murɗawa ta fuskoki masu biyayya, galibi wutsiya mai ratsa jiki yana biye da ita. Barkungiya mai rushewa suna kuka lokacin da mutane biyu ko fiye da ke cikin fakitin suka taru kuma zasu iya zama aiki na ƙarshe na bikin gaisuwa mai rikitarwa. Guda guda ɗaya da rukunin mahaɗan don amfani da lamba tare da sauran coyotes. Na farko zai yi aiki domin sanin wurin da mutum, yake fada kashe fakitin. An ba da izinin rukuni ne don mayar da hankali ga kadaici, rukuni, da amai.

Rayuwa

A farkon karni na 21, yawan coyote ya fi girma fiye da kowane lokaci a Arewacin Amurka, wanda yake shaida ikonsu ne na daidaitawa da haɓaka wuraren shimfidar wurare na mutum. Duk da yawan farauta, baiting da sauran hanyoyin sarrafawa, ana adana yawan jama'a, kuma makomar wannan nau'in canine yana da aminci. Lallai, masana ilmin halitta sun fi damuwa da raunin, kuma ba rashin wadannan dabbobi bane.

Coyotes sauƙin haɗa baki tare da karnukan gida. 'Ya'yansu ana kiransu koidogami.

Fitowa

1. Yawancin mutane suna warwatse ko'ina cikin Kanada, Arewacin Amurka, Amurka da Mexico. Bugu da kari, dabbobi masu shayarwa ana samunsu a Eurasia, amma a wurarensu sunada yawa. Za ku sami cikakken bayani game da rarrabuwa a ƙasa, amma a yanzu, muna ba da halaye na waje na mutanen da aka wakilta.
2. Dangane da sifofin gabaɗaya, alamomin dabbobi ba su da kaɗan da kyar. Jikin yana shimfiɗa matsakaicin 1 tare da tsayin sa, an ba da ƙarin kimanin 25 cm ga wutsiyar. A cewar mayyan, dabbobi masu shayarwa sun haɗu har zuwa rabin mita, kodayake, wakilan dangi yawanci ba a samun su. Amma ga taro, kai tsaye ya dogara da mai da abinci abinci na musamman mutum. Na iya zama matsakaicin nauyin kilogram 8-20.
3. Muhimmiyar fasali na dabbobin da aka tattauna shine kunnuwa tsinkayen tsari, wannan fasalin mutum maimakon yin kama da karnukan daji. Wutsiya tana da matsakaici, amma a lokaci guda tana da ƙima har ma. Abubuwan da suke zaune a tsaunuka suna cike da duhu fiye da takwarorinsu, galibi suna zaune a wuraren hamada. Na farko duhu, launin ruwan kasa, fentin launin ruwan tekun launin ruwan ƙasa na biyu.
4. Jawo mai yawa ne da elongated. Yawancin lokuta ana samun launin shuɗi a kanta, amma yawancin jama'a suna cikin launi-baƙar fata-baƙi. Bangaren ciki na da haske, kusa da m ko farin ciki. Ukraine wutsiya yana da baƙar fata baƙar fata. Idan muka kwatanta bayanan dabbobi masu shayarwa tare da kyarma, a cikin tsohuwar fuska fuskar tana kara yin karfi sosai.

Ciyar da abinci

1. Wakilan dangi suna da iko a koina. Ba su m za a picky cikin sharuddan abinci zabi. Mafi yawancin abincin da ake ci ana cinye shi ne asalin dabba. Musamman ma sau da yawa suna farautar bokaye, zomaye, ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwa kamar. Hakanan ku ci masakal, kadara, beavers, tsuntsayen fata masu bege, kwari.
2. Dabbobi masu shayarwa suna jin daɗi a cikin yanayin yanayin ruwa. Suna farautar daga kifayen da kwaɗi, suna ɗaukar sabbin dabbobi da sauran irin waɗannan dabbobi. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci akwai damar da za a more 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, menu yana haskakawa tare da abincin asalin shuka. Panegyric game da berries da 'ya'yan itace ne, wasu musamman masu cinikin mutane suna cin kwayoyi da kuma ganyen rana.
3. Tsarin menu ya bambanta, ya danganta da kakar. Lokacin da babu abin da za su ci, dabbobin suna shayar da dabbobi, suna farautar dabbobi masu rauni don su ceci makamansu. Wadansu takamaiman suna neman dabbobi marasa lafiya, bayan wannan lokacin ana kashe su ana cinye su a matsayin abinci. Idan coyotes suna zaune a cikin wuraren shakatawa na kasa, sukan saba wa baƙi kuma suna jin daɗin kansu.
4. An gudanar da karatun ne lokacin da aka sami sa'a aka tantance menene irin abincin dabbobi masu shayarwa suke ci. Kwata kwatancen abincin su na yau da kullun yana ɗaukar kaya, kadan an bai wa dabbobi masu kiba da dabbobi.
5. Mutanen asali suna farautar barewar daji, ku ci tsuntsaye da kwari. Abincin mai shuka bashi da wahala, ƙasa da kashi biyu ne aka bashi. Dangane da dabbobi kuwa, coyotes suna bugun ta ne kawai lokacin da babu abin ci. Sims na iya farautar saniya da raguna a lokaci guda.

Abokan gaba

1. Amma game da makiya na zahiri, bayan komai, galibi dabbobi da aka wakilta sune kyarkeci da cougars suke farauta. Yara ne kawai masu rauni wanda yasan yadda ake wahala. Ppan kuliyoyi marasa tsaro ma ana kaiwa hari ta fuka-fukan daji, manyan karnuka, mujiyoyi, har ma da manyan mayaƙa. Kasa da rabin matasa suna rayuwa har zuwa girma.
2. Hakanan, dabbobin da ake tambaya suna da gasa ta halitta. Mafi yawan lokuta ana gabatar dashi a cikin nau'in fox jan. Wannan kawai, kuma waɗannan dabbobi suna iya tilasta coyotes daga yankunansu. Bayan wannan, yawan mace-macen da aka wakilta ya faru ne sabili da cewa suna iya kamuwa da cututtuka masu yawa.
3. Coyotes yana hanzari kuma a cikin adadi mai yawa mutane sun lalata. A baya can, akwai matsala tare da kyakkyawan adadin dabbobin da aka wakilta. Mutumin da aka tilasta kawai farauta da kuma lalata coyotes. Hatta wurare gaba daya sun kone kurmus.

Matsayi

Mutanen da aka yi la’akari da su sun kasance iri-iri da na dabbobi iri ɗaya. Coyotes sun zama wata halitta dabam, ɗaya ko ta dabam fiye da miliyan 2 da suka gabata. Ta wannan hanyar dabbobin da aka gabatar sun sami damar haɓakawa da rabuwa da magabata na gama gari. A yau (rana), ba a yiwa irin waɗannan dabbobi barazanar hallaka.

A cikin labarin yau, a, ku da ni mun bincika wakilai masu ban sha'awa na dangin canine, wanda ya bambanta a cikin bayanan bayanan su na waje da fasalin rayuwarsu. Mutanen da aka gabatar da su suna da hazaka mai zurfi; za su iya amfani da shi ga mutane idan suna zaune a wuraren shakatawa na kasa da kuma kusa da gidajen mutane. An watsa babban taken jama'a a cikin Arewacin Amurka.

Coyote a cikin al'ada da kuma tarihin

A cikin tatsuniyoyi na Indiyawan Arewa ta Arewa, coyote ya bayyana a matsayin allahntaka - mayaudara, wayo, mai kaifi da kuma mummunan aiki. Amma a cikin al'ummomi da yawa na tarihi, ya kuma aiwatar da wasu ayyukan tarihin almara, alal misali, a cikin tarihin akidar Navajo Coyote, yayin da ya ci gaba da yaudarar, “a lokaci guda” allahn farauta ne, yaki da soyayya, mai kirkiro sihiri. A cikin abubuwan tatsuniya na halitta, wani lokacin Coyote yana haifar da duniyar mutanen farko, harba wani datti, datti ko ƙwanƙwasa jini. A cikin kabilun kabilu na Arewacin Amurka, ana daukar coyote alfarma ne, dabba ce, da farauta wanda aka haramta saboda dalilan addini.

Sunan Coyote mai yiwuwa ya samo sunan Coyoacan.

Biyan kuɗi

19 bambancin rayayyun hanyoyin sun bambanta:

• Canis latrans - nominotypic taxon na irinsa. Yana zaune daga Alberta, Manitoba da Saskecivan a arewa zuwa New Mexico da Texas a kudu.
• Canis latrans cagottis - yana zaune a wani yanki na ƙasar Meziko.
• Canis latrans clepticus - An iyakance kewayon zuwa California.
• Canis latrans dic taimakon - yana zaune a yankin El Salvador
• Canis latrans mai takaici - yana zaune a kudu maso gabas da gabashin Kansas, wanda kuma aka samu a jihohin Arkansas, Texas, Oklahoma da Missouri.
• Canis latrans na zinari - zaune a Belize.
• Canis latrans hondurensis - yana zaune a yankin Honduras.
• Canis latrans impavidus - yana zaune a wani yanki na ƙasar Meziko.
• Canis latrans incolatus - yana zaune a Alaska da wasu sassan Kanada.
• Canis latrans jamesi - yana zaune a tsibirin Tiburon.
• Canis latrans - yana zaune ne daga British Columbia da Alberta a arewa zuwa Utah da Nevada a kudu.
• Canis latrans mearnsi - yana zaune a Colorado da Utah, da kuma a wasu sassan arewacin Mexico.
• Canis latrans microdon - yana zaune a yankin kudancin Texas da iyakar iyakar Texas da Mexico.
• Canis latrans ochropus - zaune a California
• Canis latrans peninsulae - zaune a California
• Canis latrans texisis - yana zaune a Texas, gabashin New Mexico da arewa maso gabashin Mexico
• Canis latrans thamnos - yana zaune a Saskatchewan, Ontario, Indiana da Missouri
• Canis latrans umpquensis - yana zaune a bakin gabar jihohin Washington da Oregon
• Canis latrans vigilis - yana zaune a gabar tekun Pasifik na Meziko a jihohin Jalisco, Michoacana da Guerrero.