Kifin da aka fi so a cikin masu samar da ruwa a cikin gida shine melanotenia ko kuma layi uku (Melanotaenia trifasciata), ɗan asalin arewaci ne na Australiya. Yana zaune a cikin koguna da koguna tare da m dutse, partially bushewa fita a lokacin zafi. Wurin da aka fi so don tsari shine busasshen itace, Tushen, daskararren ruwa na ciyawar ciyayi.
Sunansa na kimiyya shi ne Melanotaenia trifasciata, a cikin yanayin halayyar: makarantar kifi mai lumana, ta sami karbuwa sosai saboda yanayin fassararsa zuwa yanayin tsarewa. Cancantar shine cewa a cikin ƙarami da matsakaitattun ruwayoyin ana yin zane-zanen iri ne, babu makawa, kuma kawai tare da isasshen adadin ruwa da abinci iri-iri yana ɗaukar yanayin bayyanar mai haske. Kada a ajiye abubuwa masu kaifi a cikin kusancinsu: kifin da zai iya cutar dasu.
Bayanin da launi
An gauraya gefen, a ɗakin kwana wanda aka sa shi ƙwanƙwasa 2, ƙarancin haske da aka bayyana mai launi mai laushi mai haske, baya yana ɗauka, idanu suna da girma don girman sa, tare da kulawa mai kyau zai iya kaiwa 10 - 12 cm. jefa tare da ƙarfe sheen. Sunan mai layi uku saboda layin kwance a kwance daga kai zuwa wutsiya, yana da launin shuɗi. Tsakiya an fi kiranta da biyun.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Kusan a ko'ina. A karkashin yanayin halitta, babban abincin shine ƙananan crustaceans, kwari, tsirrai. Don samun launi mai annuri mai haske da mai girma, ana bada shawara ga bambancin abincin, ya hada da abinci mai rai ko mai sanyi a ciki.
Zɓk
Zazzabi na ruwa - 22 −25 digiri C.
Manunin Acid - 6.5 - 8.5 (pH)
Izinin ƙarfi - 8 - 25 (dH)
Yanayin dacewa
Don garken kifi 4 zuwa 5, zaka iya amfani da akwatin kifin na lita 120. Idan akwai sha'awar cikakken ɗaukaka don sha'awar melanotenia, to ya kamata ku kawo ƙarfin zuwa lita 200 kuma ku ƙunshi ƙarin mutane, daidai suke da maza, wanda zai ba su launi mai haske. Yi ado da snags, duwatsun, tsirrai, amma barin sararin samaniya don yin iyo kyauta. Don tsara raunin da ke kwarara na ruwa da wurare dabam dabam tare da tashin hankali.
Aan awanni kaɗan a rana na buƙatar hasken rana kai tsaye, ko hasken wutan aruru a cikin rana. Kifi yakan yi tsalle yayin wasa, kula don rufe akwatin kifaye daga bisa.
Suna jagorantar rayuwa mai kwanciyar hankali, mai dacewa da motsi mai daidaitacce, kifi mai saurin fushi.
Banbancin jinsi
Maza suna da launuka masu haske, mafi girma, bango yana da babbar gangara ta lanƙwasa.
Kiwo
An ajiye ma'aurata a cikin wani akwati daban-daban aƙalla 60 cm a tsayi, kewaya cikin ruwa, maƙarƙashiyar ya fi ƙaruwa
talakawa, alkinta. Suna ciyar da ita sosai kuma suna iya bambanta da abinci mai ratsa .. Ciyarwa tana faruwa akan ƙananan ganyen tsire-tsire, ko kuma akan ƙwaya daga ɓangarorin zaren, bayan 'yan kwanaki. Ana cire tsire-tsire tare da caviar nan da nan kuma sanya su cikin akwati daban, tare da maye gurbinsu da sabon kashi.
Caviar balaga a cikin mako guda. Abincin da aka bayyana suna ƙanana kaɗan; don rayuwa da haɓaka mai kyau suna buƙatar tsaftataccen ruwa tare da zazzabi na 26-28. da abinci mai inganci. Yawancin lokaci wannan shine infusoria da aka wanke sosai, artemia nauplia, cyclops. Daga haihuwa, soya farauta da kyau. Lokacin da kifayen suka girma, a hankali zaku iya ninka abincin tare da yankakken squid.
Bayanin
Daya daga cikin shahararrun wakilan halittar Rainbow, ana samun wannan nau'in ne kawai a gefen arewacin Australiya, a cikin yankuna na Arewacin Territory da Queensland. Kasancewa kifin na wurare masu zafi, ana samunsa a kusan dukkanin nau'ikan jikin ruwa na ruwa, daga ƙananan koguna zuwa tafkuna masu zurfi da ciyayi. Mafi sau da yawa ana iya samun shi cikin amintaccen ruwa tare da m yashi, da kuma tsakanin maɓoran tsirrai masu yawa. Ana kiyaye shi a zurfin 30 cm zuwa m 2. Wannan nau'in ya dace da canjin yanayi na yanayi, kuma ya samu wadatuwa a cikin yanayi daban-daban.
Tsarin jikin mutum ne na gama gari. Wani mahimmin fasalin shine launinta, kodayake ya dogara sosai akan yankin da wannan ko waccan jama'a ke zaune. Akwai ƙananan tallafi waɗanda galibi ana ambata suna ne a yankin da aka fara gano su. Yawancin jinsunan suna da rukunin duhu waɗanda ke gudana tare da jikin mutum daga layin bakin zuwa fin fin ɗin. A sama da ƙasa akwai ƙarin rariyoyi biyu, ba masu kama da na tsakiya ba. Insaƙƙarfan hankula yawanci yana haske ja ko lemo.
A cikin tsayi, wannan nau'in na iya isa rikodin don ruwan sama na 18 cm, amma kuna buƙatar tuna cewa kusan wuya a sami irin waɗannan masu girma a cikin akwatin kifaye, mafi girman da za ku iya dogara da shi shine 10 cm. Banbancin jima'i ba ya bugu da ido nan da nan, mace tana da ɗan cika nesa da namiji kuma ba ta da irin wannan launi mai haske, namiji zai iya lura da tsinkewa a cikin manya da ƙananan sassan jiki, a daidai wannan matakin tare da gill slill. Cawancin caudal a cikin namiji yana da shahararren bayani.
Yanayin tsarewa
Muna buƙatar akwatin kifayen tare da tsawon bango na aƙalla 70 cm. Iris suna buƙatar isasshen adadin sarari kyauta, da kuma dunƙule masu yawa na tsirrai na ruwa. Guji abubuwa tare da gefuna mai kaifi, kifayen suna motsawa da sauri kuma, taɓa madogara mai kaifi, na iya wahala da wahala. Za'a iya bambanta zazzabi a cikin kewayon 24-33 ° С; sun fi son ruwa mai wuya ko matsakaici tare da pH na 6.5-8. An ba da shawarar yin tsabtace ruwa, samar da tsafta, canje-canje da canje-canje na ruwa a mako-mako (ba fiye da 30% na ƙarar ba) Dole ne a rufe kullin cikin akwatin kifaye, in ba haka ba kifayen za su iya tashi daga ciki.
Halayyar
Gabaɗaya, cikin kwanciyar hankali a yanayi, amma ya fi kyau kada ku riƙe su tare da ƙananan kifi ko mara aiki. Suna aiki sosai, kamar su bi juna a kewayen akwatin kifaye, suna tsalle sosai. Suna jin daɗin dacewa a cikin rukuni na dangi - ana bada shawara don adana aƙalla mutane 6 a cikin akwatin kifaye ɗaya. Kamar yadda maƙwabta, zebrafish, mashaya, yawancin nau'in kifin kifi da sauran kifayen marasa ƙarfi waɗanda girmansu kamar melanothenia sun dace.
Habitat
Kifi ya fito ne daga arewacin arewacin Australia. Ana samun su a kusan dukkanin ƙananan ruwan halittu daga fadama zuwa kogunan sauri. Mafi mashahuri a cikin ruwa mai gudana tare da kayan yashi, an rufe shi da ɓoye, ganye mai faɗi da sauran ƙwayoyin shuka. Ana ajiye su kusa da lokacin farin ciki na shuka ko a kusa da snags a zurfin har zuwa mita 2. Gidajen yanayi yana ƙarƙashin canje-canje na yanayi, wanda aka bayyana cikin yanayin zazzabi da sigogin hydrochemical.
Bayani a takaice:
Kiwo
An bada shawara don shirya tsabtace ƙasa ba tare da ƙasa ba, tare da bunches masu yawa na tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire ko kuma waɗanda ba su canzawa ba (don kwanciya ƙwai). Yana kula da zazzabi na 25-28 ° С, pH na 6-8, da kuma taurin 2 zuwa 16 °. Hakanan ana ba da shawarar cewa ka shigar da ƙaramin iska. Mako guda kafin farawa, ana kiyaye melanotenia dabam kuma ana ciyar da shi gabaɗaya. Sannan an zaɓi mafi girma da haske waɗanda aka sanya su a cikin ƙasa mai ba da ruwa. Spawning yana daga makonni biyu zuwa wata daya da rabi, mace tana saka ƙwayaye a cikin ƙananan rabo kowace rana. Sau ɗaya a mako, caviar yana canjawa wuri a hankali zuwa mai yin shiryawa tare da sigogi na ruwa iri ɗaya kamar yadda yake a cikin ɓarna. A soyayyen ya bayyana a cikin kwanaki 7-12, “rayayyun kura” a matsayin abincin farko.
Abinci mai gina jiki
A cikin yanayi, suna ciyar da kwari da larvae, cindaceans na ruwa da sauran invertebrates, guda shuka, algae. Wannan yanayi mai cike da iko ya ba da damar yin amfani da shi a cikin mafi yawan aquariums na shahararrun ciyarwa a cikin hanyar flakes, granules, da sauransu, a hade tare da abinci mai rai ko mai sanyi.
Yawancin nau'ikan kifayen na Australiya sun samo asali don tsira a cikin kewayon wurare masu yawa, wanda zai iya canzawa dangane da yanayin. A saboda wannan, ana amfani da iris a zaman sauƙin kula da kifi, sabanin ƙwararrun nau'ikan halittu waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin mahalli mai dorewa.
Don rukuni na kifi na 5-6 za ku buƙaci akwatin kifaye mai girman lita 150 ko fiye. Tsarin yana sabani ne, muddin akwai wuraren mafaka. Tsire-tsire, daskararren itace, da kayan adon na daskararru na iya yin aiki azaman na ƙarshen. Mai aiki sosai kuma yawanci yana tsalle daga ruwa. Tsirrai masu iyo da kuma murfin za su taimaka wajen guje wa tsalle-tsalle mai haɗari.
Sabis na akwatin kifaye daidai. Wajibi ne a kula da ruwa mai dumi a cikin kewayon pH da ƙimar dGH kuma kar a ba da damar canje-canje na kwatsam. An maye gurbin wani ɓangaren ruwan a mako-mako tare da ingantaccen ruwa a 20-30% na ƙarar da asarar ƙwayar cuta (an cire ragowar abinci, ƙwalƙwalwa).
Kiwo / kiwo
A cikin yanayin mutum, ba a bayyana yanayin haihuwa. Kifi suna haihuwa tsawon shekara. Hayayyafa tsakanin tsirrai masu tsirrai. Clutch yana daga kwayoyi 200 zuwa 500, kuma macen ta sanya sama da kwai 50 a lokaci guda, don haka tsintarwar ta kan tsawan kwanaki. Lokacin shiryawa yana tsawon kwanaki 6-7. Koyarwar mahaifa ba a bunƙasa ba. Kodayake iyaye, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba sa cin caviar, har yanzu ya kamata a canja shi zuwa cikin tanki daban tare da yanayin ruwa iri ɗaya.
A farkon zamanin rayuwa, soya buƙatar ƙananan abincin, kamar ciliates. Yayinda suke girma, tushen abincin zai zama nauplii na Artemia, flakes, granules, abinci na musamman don soya.
Cutar Kifi
Idan yanayin bai cika buƙatun ba, kifayen suna karɓar abincin da ba shi da ƙima ko maƙwabta a cikin akwatin kifayen ke fuskantar su, to da alama cutar tana ƙaruwa sau da yawa. Irises sun fi saurin kamuwa da cututtukan fata a cikin nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan fata, cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta. Don ƙarin bayani game da alamu da magani, duba sassan Cututtukan Kifi na Aquarium.
Rayuwa cikin yanayi
Randall mai lalli uku ya fara bayyana ta a 1922. Yana zaune a Ostiraliya, galibi a arewacin yankin.
Garuruwanta suna da iyaka sosai: Melville, Marie River, Arnhemland, da Tsibirin Groot. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, suna zaune a cikin koguna da tabkuna da yawa sun cika tare da tsire-tsire, suna tara garken, kamar sauran wakilan.
Amma kuma an samo shi a cikin rafuffuka, fadama, har ma da bushe bushe ƙusoshin lokacin rani. Soilasa a cikin irin waɗannan wurare dutse ne, an rufe shi da ganye mai ganye.
Ciyar da abinci
Omnivores, a cikin yanayi suna cin bambanci, a cikin kwari kwari, tsire-tsire, ƙananan crustaceans da soya. A cikin akwatin kifaye, zaku iya ciyar da duka abubuwan wucin gadi da abinci mai rai.
Zai fi kyau a hada nau'ikan abinci iri daban daban, kamar yadda yanayin jikin mutum ya dogara da abinci. Kusan ba sa cin abinci daga ƙasa, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci kada a shawo kan ci gaba da kifayen kifayen.
Baya ga abinci mai rai, yana da kyawawa don ƙara kayan lambu, alal misali, letas, ko abinci mai dauke da spirulina.
Kifayen ruwa tare da ruwan sama iri iri:
Tunda kifin yana da girma sosai, shawarar da aka ƙaddara mafi ƙarancin kiyayewa shine daga lita 100. Amma, yana da kyau a yi ƙari, tunda a cikin girma girma za ku iya ƙunsar babban garken.
Sun yi tsalle da kyau kuma akwatin kifayen yana buƙatar a rufe shi sosai.
Hanyoyi uku suna da bambanci sosai dangane da sigogin ruwa da kulawa, amma ba a cikin abubuwan ammoniya da nitrates cikin ruwa ba. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da matatar waje, kuma suna son kwarararwar kuma ba za ku iya rage ta ba.
Kuna iya lura da yadda garken ke tsaye a gaban na yanzu har ma yana ƙoƙarin yaƙar ta.
Tsarin ruwa don abun ciki: zazzabi 23-26 23, ph: 6.5-8.0, 8 - 25 dGH.
Yarbuwa
Masalaci na layin melanotenia guda uku suna da kyau tare da kifaye masu daidai a cikin babban akwatin ruwa Duk da cewa ba su da zafin rai, za su tsoratar da kifayen mawuyacin hali game da ayyukansu.
Yi aiki tare da kifi mai sauri kamar Sumatran, sandunan wuta ko Denisoni. Kuna iya lura cewa skirmishes suna faruwa tsakanin iris, amma galibi suna da hadari, kifayen basa iya cutar da junan su, musamman idan ana ajiye su a aya, maimakon biyu.
Amma duk iri ɗaya ne, ka lura da abin da ba zai fitar da wani kifi dabam ba, kuma menene zai zama inda zai ɓoye.
Wannan kifi ne na makaranta kuma rabon maza zuwa ga mata yana da matukar muhimmanci domin babu wata faɗa.
Kodayake yana yiwuwa a riƙe mace ɗaya ta kifaye a cikin akwatin kifaye, za su yi haske sosai yayin da aka sa maza da mata tare. Kuna iya kewaya da kimanin rabo kamar haka:
- 5 ratsi uku - jima'i daya
- 6 mata-uku - maza uku - mata 3
- 7 mata-uku - maza 3 - mata 4
- 8 mata-uku - maza 3 - mata 5
- 9 mata-uku - maza 4 - mata 5
- 10 mata-uku - maza 5 - mata 5
Banbancin jinsi
Zai yi wuya isa ya bambanta mace daga namiji, musamman a cikin samari, kuma galibi ana sayar da su tun suna ƙuruciya.
Maza da suka manyanta sun zama masu launuka masu haske, tare da ƙarin hunchbacked da baya, da kuma halayyar tashin hankali.
Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa
Melanotenia Cherry yana zaune a cikin zurfin kogunan Ostareliya. Bayanin Melanotenia Cherry
Kifin yana da jiki mai tsawon rai, wanda aka matsa akan tarnaƙi. Idanun suna da girma, lebe suna da kauri, akan wutsiya akwai lobes 2. Finfin dorsal ya ƙunshi sassa 2: na farkon yayi gajere, na biyu, kamar fin fin, yana da tsawo, yana kusa da wutsiya. Launin jikin mutum launin ruwan kasa ne na zinari, baya na da duhu, kirji da ciki sune farin-fari. A gefe ɗaya akwai ratsi na tsaye, waɗanda ke kusanci da wutsiya, mafi bambanta. Insarewa a bayan baya, ƙashin bayan fitsari da ƙashin danshin suna da bayyananniyar bayyanar, ko kuma wani launi na bulo mai ɗauke da firam ɗin zinariya. Tare da shekaru, namiji ya sami babban jiki, yana da haske kuma ya fi siriri fiye da mace. A cikin akwatin kifayen suna girma har zuwa 12 cm, suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 5. Kiwo Melanotenia Cherry
Wadannan kifayen na iya tsintar cikin duka kuma a cikin ɗakin kifaye. Yakamata ya kasance yana da tsire-tsire tare da ƙananan ganye. Kafin a sanya kifin cikin damuwa, ana ajiye su tsawon makonni 1-2 daban da juna, a wadace shi da abinci iri-iri. Kowace rana, mace za ta iya jefa sama qwai 50, wanda da farko na iyo cikin ruwa, sannan a haɗe zuwa ganyen tsire-tsire. Yawan ya kai qwai 350. Wajibi ne a ciyar da kifayen manya da kyau, in ba haka ba zasu fara farauta don caviar. Ya kamata a canza wurin da keɓaɓɓen tare da caviar a kowane mako zuwa wani akwati na daban tare da ruwa mai tsafta. Shiryawa na iya wuce kwanaki 6-7. A soya nan da nan ya tashi zuwa saman ruwa. Suna kuma neman abinci, wanda da farko sun haɗa da rotifers da Artemia nauplii.
