Asalin halittar Asymbolus ya haɗu da nau'ikan ƙananan yankuna 9 da aka sani yanzu, waɗanda ke da sunan Rasha - australian hange cat sharks.
Wakilan nau'ikan halittar suna da alamar rayuwar ƙasa (as, hakika, duk nau'in kifin kyankyasai), canza launin motley na jiki. Duk waɗannan kifayen suna da kyau ga wasu wuraren rairayin bakin teku na Australia kuma ba a same su a ko'ina cikin tekun ba.
Matsakaicin matsakaitan manya manyan wakilai na Australiya masu daskararrun cat cat Sharks sun wuce 60 cm.
Jiki yana fasalin halayyar dabbar sharks na ruwa mai zurfi, mai ƙaramin ƙarfi, ƙananan ƙarancin dorsal koma baya, idanun almara "cat" mai ƙyalli kamar ɗalibin ɗalibai, ƙaramin baki tare da ƙananan hakora tare da tsayayye da yawa, na tsakiya shine mafi girma.
Launi na jiki a cikin yawancin jinsuna tare da tabarau masu launin ruwan ƙasa mai ƙarfi daban-daban, wasu nau'in suna da madaidaicin bakin ciki. Duk waɗannan kifayen suna da ƙananan haske ko duhu mai duhu (wani lokacin duka biyun), wanda shine dalilin da yasa aka samo asalin halittar "tabo".
Kamar yadda muka fada a baya, wadannan sharks sune mazaunan kasan ruwa. Mafi zurfin wakilin halittar - tauraron da aka hango cat shark yana zaune a zurfin zuwa 500 m kuma mafi, sauran nau'in sun fi so su zauna a wurare marasa zurfi.
Suna ciyar da kananun kananan halittun kasa - daga larvae na wasu ire-iren kwari da tsutsotsi, zuwa jatan lande, kifayen da kifayen soya.
Babu wani nau'in nau'in kifin kifayen da ke da darajar kasuwanci kuma ba abin kamun kifi ba ne. Yawancin nau'ikan suna zaune a cikin wuraren da kowane irin kifi yake kayyade shi, don haka yanayin yawan alumma ba shi da tabbas. Duk wakilan halittar Asymbolus suna da matsayin kiyayewa. LC - haifar da damuwa ko kadan.
Dukkanin membobin catyan kyankyasar Australia sun haɗu da kyankyasar kwai.
A cikin waɗannan kifayen babu masu farautar masu haɗari ga ɗan adam - yanayin da ba shi da haushi, ƙaramin girman jiki da hakora ba sa barin mummunan rauni ga ɗan adam.
Rarraba kifin shark na jan ido.
Shafin dusar dabbar da ke gani mai launin ja yana zaune a cikin ruwan teku, yana farawa daga tsakiyar Peru a kudancin Chile a gabashin Tekun Pasifik. Wannan nau'in yana da matsala ga waɗannan yankuna.
Kayan shakatawa na cat mai launi (Schroederichthys chilensis)
Yawan al'adar cat dinta mai launin ja.
Ana samun kyankyalen cat na dusar bakin teku a cikin yanki mai faɗi na dutse a kan iyakar shelf na duniya. Rarrabarsu ya zama na zamani ne, akan wuraren dutse a lokacin bazara, bazara, da damana, kuma a cikin hunturu cikin ruwa mai zurfin teku. An yi imanin cewa irin wannan motsi yana faruwa ne saboda tsananin ƙarfi a cikin hunturu. Kyankyallen cat cat da ke gani sau da yawa suna kasancewa a cikin ruwa a cikin kewayon daga mita ɗaya zuwa hamsin zurfin. A cikin yankin bakin teku, a zurfin 8 zuwa 15 a cikin bazara kuma daga 15 zuwa 100 m a cikin hunturu.
Alamun waje na kyankyalen cat na dusar ido-ja.
Kyankyallen cat cat da ke gani suna girma zuwa matsakaicin girman cm cm 66. Tsawon jikin mace daga 52 zuwa 54 cm, namiji - daga 42 zuwa 46 cm.
Wannan nau'in kifin shark yana da lafiyayyen jiki, mai kama da na gidan gabaɗaya.
Suna da gulli biyar na gill slill, tare da bude gill na biyar wanda yake saman ƙwanƙolin gwal. Suna da ƙoshin ƙeƙwalwa guda biyu ba tare da kashin baya ba, fin din farko ya isa a saman yankin pelvic. Kusan babu lanƙwasa sama a kan jela.
Kyawawan cat na fata mai launin shuɗi an rarrabe su ta hanyar launi mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai launin fata. Suna da duhu aibobi a ƙasa da kuma alamun duhu mai duhu akan wuraren fari.
Yawan hakora a cikin maza yawanci yafi yawa tare da karancin kwano, wadanda ake tunanin suna da mahimmanci ga mace “nibbling” yayin “shagali”.
Sake bugun kyankyashe dabbar ja.
Sharks masu launin ja da ke gani sau da yawa suna haihuwa a kullun, gungun mutane daban-daban na maza suna fitowa a cikin hunturu, bazara da bazara kusa da San Antonio, Chile, Farinha da Ojeda. Koyaya, a wasu halaye, yanyan sharks na mata ke sa ƙwayayensu a cikin shekara duk shekara.
A cikin nau'ikan kifin 'ya'yan itacen zaki da aka lika, akwai wani nau'in al'adar yin shari'a yayin aure, wanda namiji yakan ciji mace yayin da ta hadu da ƙwai.
Wannan nau'in kifin kifen oviparous, hadu da kwan qwai yawanci suna ci gaba a cikin oviduct. An ƙunshe su, yawanci ƙwai biyu a cikin kowane kwantena. Amfrayo suna tasowa saboda hannun jari na gwaiduwa. Yankunan sharks sun bayyana tsawon cm 14 cm, sune ƙananan kifayen na kifin sharks kuma nan da nan suka sami 'yanci, suna zuwa zurfin ruwa. An yi imani cewa soya ke iyo a cikin ruwa mai zurfi, don guje wa tsinkaya a cikin yanki na mahalli, kuma komawa zuwa ga al'adunsu na yau da kullun lokacin da suka manyanta. Don haka, akwai rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin manya da matasa, manyan kifayen kifayen. Kyankyallen cat cat da ke gani suna girma cikin sauri, amma ba a san lokacin da ya isa samari ba. Ba a kafa tsammanin rayuwa a cikin daji ba.
Halin cat dinta mai launin ja.
Sharks masu launin ja da suke gani kifi ne guda ɗaya. Suna jagoranci rayuwar da ba ta sabawa ba, suna ɓoye cikin kogo da rana, kuma suna fita da dare don ciyarwa. A cikin watanni na hunturu, suna gangara zuwa cikin ruwa mai zurfi, a cikin sauran shekara suna motsawa tare da gefuna shiryayye na duniya. An yi imani da cewa wannan motsi yana da alaƙa da mai ƙarfi a halin yanzu a wannan lokaci na shekara. Sharks masu launin ja da aka gani, kamar sauran sharudan ruwa a cikin dangin Scyliorhinidae, sun sami fahimtar wari da masu karɓar wutan lantarki, tare da taimakon wanda kifin zai iya jin sha'awar wutar lantarki da sauran dabbobi kuma yake jan hankalin kansu ta fuskokin magnetic.
Sharks masu kyan gani sun sami sunayensu saboda kasancewar ɗalibin ɗalibin ido na tsaye. Suna da hangen nesa mai kyau, ko da a cikin haske.
Abinci mai launin ja da aka gani.
Kayan fata cat-hakoran sharks suna ciyar da kananan ƙananan halittu na ƙasa. Babban abincin su shine yatsu da shrimp. Har ila yau, suna cin nau'ikan nau'ikan wasu nau'ikan crustaceans, har da kifi, algae da tsutsotsi na polychaete.
Me yasa aka kira yan Shark?
Sharks sun sami suna "cat" saboda kyawawan dalilai: duk wakilai suna gani sarai cikin duhu kuma sune magabatansu.
Kuma duk wannan ba saboda kyakkyawar hangen nesa ba ne, kodayake idanun sharudan suna da girma kuma suna yin convex, amma saboda kasancewar firikwensin daukar hoto (wanda yake kusa da idanun), tare da taimakon wanda kifayen suke hango alamun siginar lantarki daga wata halitta mai rai, musamman kifi.
Launi na wakilan dangi sun fi kama - launin toka-koko, kusan baki da baya ko launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, tare da matsakaiciyar launin duhu da haske mai launin rawaya ko yashi, amma fatar tana kama da takarda.
Jikin shark ya zama siriri kuma da gaske yana da sassauci, duk da haka, shugaban yana da nauyi kuma ya daidaita.
Tun lokacin da cat ɗin kifi ke ciyar da crustaceans, hakan yana haifar da rayuwa mai ban tsoro - wanda shine abin da aka daidaita don: ƙoshin hancin da ke gaban gaban kansa an rufe shi da bawu na fata.
Kalli bidiyon - Shar Sharks:
Hankalin Shark na ƙamshi yana da haɓaka kuma yana taimaka wa gano ganima ko da a cikin duhu.
A hakora ƙanana, m, amma zai iya niƙa bawo. Gill slits ba a cikin rarrabuwa. Karatun caudal yana da tsawo kuma bashi da ƙananan ƙanƙan ƙyallen, yayin da doan bayan ƙasa yana farawa kusa da fin ɗin caudal.
Dukkan mambobi na dangi basa son zafi mai zafi kuma sun fi son matsakaicin matsakaici.
Kayan shakatawa masu yawa na cat
Kayan shakatar da ke daidai ko baki mai launin fata, ita ma shark ce (Galeus melastomus), ta zaɓi yanki daga Adriatic zuwa Tekun Arewa. Sunan kifin yana magana don kansa - ɓangare na fin fin yana da ƙira.
Yankin sanannen sanannin cat (Scyliorhinus canicula) ana samun su a bakin Arewacin Afirka da kuma a gabar Tekun Norway kuma ɗan asalin iyali ne. Ainihin, girman kifin bai wuce 60-70 cm ba, amma a wasu lokuta ana samun samfurori masu tsawon mita.
Babban kifin kifin na California, wanda shima ya kumbura (Cephaloscyllimn ventriosum), yana zaune a bakin tekun California. Sunan yan shark ya kasance saboda fasali daya ne: lokacin da aka kama shi, to kuwa a bakin tekun sai shark ya haɗiye iska ya cika ciki - mai yiwuwa yana ƙoƙarin karewa da tsoratar da abokan gaba.
Wani lokaci kumburi sharks na wannan nau'i suna iyo a saman ruwa.
Kalli bidiyon - Karen Shark (Swell shark):
Yankin filaye na murjani na Australiya (Atelomycterus macleayi), wanda ya kai 60 cm a girmansa, ya zaɓi ruwan dumi kuma yana zaune a bakin tekun arewa maso yammacin Ostiraliya tsakanin murjani, da ciyar da kannzir. Bugu da ƙari ga wuraren duhu, kamar duk wakilai, akwai alamun haske na saddle siffar.
Wani babban daskararren cat da aka gani (Aulohalaelurus labiosus) yana zaune a bakin tekun Australia, wanda ba zurfin teku ba ne kuma farauta ne a zurfin mita 5.
Tunda yana zaune a cikin ruwa mai zurfin ruwa, bashi da wadatar kamun kifi, kodayake ba a cin wakilan wannan nau'in, amma ana kama su saboda ajiye su a cikin ruwa.
Dandalin daskararren daskararren daskararren fata wanda ke zaune a kusa da gabar tekun Kudancin Australia (Asymboius vincenti), babban bambanci tsakanin jinsuna shine siffar kai: ƙarami da zagaye.
Sharasirin Ostiraliya wanda aka gani a cikin shark (Asymboius analis) yana zaune a kusa da nesa, kuma saboda haka yana da mazaunin sa.
Kalli bidiyon - cat cat Shark:
Akwai kuma ƙaramin fatar bakin teku na Madeira (Apristurus maderensis), wanda ke zaune a arewacin Atlantika, da kuma launin ruwan kyankyasar kyankyasai (Apristurus brunneus) a cikin tsawan ruwan tekun Pacific, dukkaninsu wakilai ne na dangi.
A zurfin sama da mita 600 a cikin dukkan tekun da zaka iya ganin kifin kifin fata baki (Apristurus), sun dace da sunan su - suna da kusan launin baki da launi. Zai yiwu kasancewar kai mai siffar furenda (yadudduka kuma ya daidaita) yana da alaƙar kai tsaye da mazauninsu.
Dukkan wakilan dangin feline shark suna kwanciya-qwai, ya danganta da nau'in, suna sanya qwai 2-22 a cikin kwalliyar wuya, wanda aka haɗe a ƙasa.
Kalli bidiyon - Kayan Shar
Wataƙila mahimmancinta na taimaka wa iyalai su kula da yawan adadin mutane.
Bayan haka, mutum, da sanin cewa kyankyasar kyankyasai ba zai iya cutar da shi ta hanyar girman su ba, yana kashe magabatan kirki ta kowace hanya: yana cin su (duk da cewa ba akan sikelin kasuwanci ba), yakan kama su a ruwa, don nishaɗi don yawon bude ido da kuma kawai saboda farauta.
Haraji
An fara bayyana nau'in a cikin 1848 a cikin Bulletin "Amurka Kifi da Namun Sabis Kare Flethery Bulletin" . Holotype tsoho ne mai tsawon 32.8 cm, an kama shi a cikin 1957 a cikin Tekun Caribbean a bakin tekun Cape Gracias wani Dios (Honduras) a zurfin 410 m.The paratype tsohuwar mace ce 33.5 cm, kama a lokaci guda.
Bayanin
Hankalin cat da aka gani yana da jikin siririn jiki mai santsi da ciwan fuska. Girman hanci ya cika da almakashi mai launin almara uku. Bakin yana da fadi sosai. Yawan jikin kifayen kifayen sam da kama sun yi kama da juna, wanda ke bambanta wannan nau'in daga wasu wakilan halittar ɗan adam mai cike da jinsi. Wannan yana nuna cewa wannan nau'in dwarf ne mai zurfin tsintsiya. Tushen farkon aikin murfin yana fitowa daga tushe na ƙashin bayan kafaffun kafa. Doarshen digon na biyu ya ɗan fi kaɗan girma fiye da na farkon. Tushenta yana bayan ginin fin fin. Babban launi shine launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka mai haske, 6-10 launin ruwan kasa mai duhu tare da fararen fata masu yaduwa suna warwatse a baya.
Bayanin
Redspotted catsharks sun ninka cikin tsawon daga 30 zuwa 66 cm, kodayake ana ɗaukar waɗannan sikeli daga kifayen da aka kama, kuma an yi imanin cewa zasu iya yin ƙasa da wannan.
Jikinsu yana da elongated da santsi, halayyar dangin cat da ke tattare da shi. Kashin bayansu mai launin shuɗi ne mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da alamun duhu a kan gefansu. Kayan kirjinsu na ciki fari da launin shuɗi. Redspotted catsharks suna da ƙashin ƙyallen dorsal biyu, tare da dorsal sinus na farko a saman yankin pelvic. Fuskokinsu ba su da kashin baya, kuma wutsiyoyinsu ba su da lanƙwasa sama.
Redspotted catsharks yana da hakora masu yawa. Koyaya, maza suna da haƙoransu masu tsayi da ƙaranƙan hancin ƙasa. An yi imanin cewa wannan zai taimaka wajen shirya ciwan.
Halayyar
Ratspotted catsharks sune kawai, halittun da basu wuce su ba. Suna zama a cikin kogo da rana yayin fita da daddare don ciyarwa. Suna ƙaura. Koyaya, suna rayuwa mafi yawan shekara kusa da gefen shelf na nahiyar.
Alakar takamaiman aikin dan wasan kwallon Chile din da ba'a santa ba. Koyaya, kamar yawancin sauran sharks, ciki har da sauran membobin dangin Scyliorhinidae, an yi imanin cewa suna da ingantaccen tsarin wari, kuma suna da warin lantarki, wanda zai basu damar gano wutar lantarki da sauran dabbobi ke fitarwa, kuma yana iya basu damar gano filayen magnetic, wanda ke taimakawa cikin kewayawa.
Redspotted catsharks yawon trypanosomes, parasites da ake yadawa zuwa jinin catsharks ta hanyar leech.
Babu wani sanannu da masu farautar kifayen cat, kodayake matasa suna yin rayuwarsu ta farko a cikin ruwa mai zurfi. An yi imani da cewa a guji masu sihiri, duk da cewa ba a san irin waɗannan ba.
Wadata
Ratspotted catsharks suna ciyar da kwayoyin da suke rayuwa a kan wani dutse kusa da shelf na duniya. Tushen abincin abincinsu sune nau'ikan juzu'ai da rrimyn dutsen shukynchocinetid. Rhynchocinetes typus (Farina da Ojeda 1993). Hakanan an san su da cin kifi, kayan algae, da kayan polychaetes daban-daban. Redspotted catsharks muhimmin magabaci ne a cikin yanayin ƙasa. Suna da tasiri sosai ga halittun ƙasa waɗanda ke kasuwanci a wurare masu tsaunuka.
Tsarin yanayin yanayin cat na daskararren tabarau.
Sharks masu dusar ƙanƙan da bishiyoyi da ke cikin ja sun kasance muhimmiyar haɗi a cikin sarkar abinci a cikin yanayinsu. Wadannan magabatan suna sarrafa adadin kwayoyin halitta a cikin alummomin birni na yanki a gabar teku.
Sharks sune yan dako da yawa parasa, ciki har da leeches, trypanosomes. Trypanosomes parasitize a cikin jinin kifi da kuma amfani da jikinsu a matsayin babban rundunar.
Haifuwa
Redspotted catsharks shine ovipositor. Sake haifarwa yana faruwa a cikin mutane a cikin sake zagayowar shekara. Koyaya, sukan dace da juna a kowane lokaci, yawanci a lokacin bazara da kuma hunturu, kodayake wasu lokuta ana nuna mace tana da iyakoki a lokacin bazara. Suna da yawa polygynandrous kuma yayin da namiji ya hadu da qwai na mace, yakan aikata abinda ake kira “na yanzu” wanda ya kunshi namiji ya ciji mace.
Redspotted catsharks an haife su ne daga ƙwailan da aka kunna, waɗanda ake hadasu su kuma fitarwa cikin ruwa. Yawancin lokaci akwai ƙwai biyu a cikin kowane kwantena, wanda ƙila ana iya kiranta jakar ruwan fanfa. Amfrayo suna ciyar da kan gwaiduwa na ƙwai yayin da suke kyanwa. Da zarar waɗannan qwai sun kyankyasa, kyankyasai sun bayyana ƙarami na manya. Koyaya, sharks suna girma da sauri. An yi imanin cewa ƙananan yara suna iyo cikin ruwa mai zurfi don guje wa masu cin abincin dabbobi a cikin mahalli, cewa sun dawo lokacin da suke manya. Don haka, akwai rarrabuwa tsakanin maza da mata.
Daraja ga mutum.
Kayan alamomin cat cat da aka gani sune batun binciken kimiyya wanda aka gudanar a dakunan gwaje-gwaje, an kama su ne don dalilai na bincike, don haka kama waɗannan kifayen na iya shafar ƙananan ƙananan, na gida. Amma suna lalata kamun kifin masana'antu a Chile da Peru, yayin da suke ciyar da crustaceans, kamun kifi wanda ke da mahimmancin tattalin arziki a wasu ƙasashe.
Matsayin muhalli da Tasirin tattalin arziki
Ba a jera sunayen Redspotted catsharks a cikin Littafin Red a cikin Jerin Rukunin IUCN, Jerin Tarayya na Amurka, ko Jerin CITES. Ba a san su ba, masu haɗari ko nau'in haɗari.
Redspotted catsharks yana da mummunan tasiri akan tattalin arzikin mutane. A babban adadin, suna ciyar da abinci kusa da gabar teku tare da ƙananan ɓoyayyiyar ƙasa. Wannan yana cutar da masunta na kasuwanci saboda crayfish a wannan yanki na da mahimmancin tattalin arziki. Catsharks kuma sau da yawa suna kamawa a cikin masu safarar kamun kifayen bakin teku, waɗanda, duk da cewa ba su da mahimmanci ta tattalin arziƙi, na iya lalata tarwatsa karnuka, da kuma lokacin da aka ɓatar a cire kwace ta ta hanyar kamun kifin.
Matsayin kiyayewa na babban dabbar dusar dusar dame.
Don jera fatakun alamomin cat da ke gani a jerin Lambobi, akwai ƙarancin bayanai kan yawan mutane da barazanar wannan nau'in. An kama su kamar yadda-da-kama a bakin teku, ƙasa da Longline fishe fishering. Ba'a sani ba ko manyan dutsen sharks masu launin ja suna da haɗari ko ana barazanar lalata su. Saboda haka, babu matakan kiyayewa da ake amfani dasu.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.