Halopchromis multicolor kifi ne na yankin Afirka, yana yaɗuwa a cikin ruwan na gabashin Afirka da kuma kogin Nilu, mutane manya sun kai tsawon cm 8 A cikin tasoshin ruwa na Turai, Halopchromis multicolor ya zama kamar an barnata a farkon karni na 20. A tsawon lokaci, tsarin karatunta ya samu canje-canje da yawa, kuma a cikin ƙwararrun wallafe-wallafen an ambace ta ƙarƙashin kalmomin daban-daban: Paratilapia multicolor, Haplochromis multicolor, Hemihaplochromis multicolor.

Haplochromis multicolor shi ne ta dabi'a kifi mai kaunar zaman lafiya, ya dace sosai don adana ɗakunan ruwa. Baya ga lokacin hurawa, ya gamsu da ruwa a zazzabi, i.e. 20-22 ° C. Haicochromis multicolor kifi ne mai yawan dabbobi, saboda haka ake ciyar da shi da abinci mai rai. A cikin yanayin, wannan nau'in yana da babban yanki kuma an rarraba shi akan yanki mai yawa, saboda haka multicolor haplochromis ya haɗu da nau'ikan ecotypes da yawa da suka bambanta launi da girma. Maza suna da launuka masu launuka, kuma a mafi yawan lokuta an yiwa fin fin su kwalliya da launuka ɗaya ko fiye da masu kama da kwai. A cikin mata masu launuka masu launuka, irin waɗannan aibobi ba su da tabbas ko ma ba sa nan.

Don kiwo, an sanya ƙungiyar da aka zaɓa a cikin jirgin ruwa na 50-100. Ana iya ɗaukar ruwa tare da ruwan famfo yana da tsaka tsaki na pH 7.0 kuma yawan zafin jiki ya kamata ya zama kimanin 26 ° C. Idan filayen ya kasance babba kuma akwai isassun mafaka a ciki, maza da yawa na iya tsunduma tare, amma adadinsu ya zama daidai gwargwadon yawan mace a cikin adadin 1 namiji a 3 -4 mata. Maza yayin kakar wasanni shirya ramuka a cikin yashi, a cikin abin da daga baya aka dage farawa qwai. Inda babu yashi, suna wadatuwa da isasshen substrate ko bututu.

Maza sun yi tsalle tare da mata da yawa, tunda a lokacin ba sa yin nau'i-nau'i ne, mace ta kula da ƙwai da soya. Eggswai na launin ruwan lemo, nan da nan bayan ɓarna da hadi da namiji, mace ce ke ɗaukar ta a bakin ta kuma a saka ta cikin jakar laryngeal na musamman. Wannan jaka tana da girma sosai har tana iya ɗaukar kusan ƙwai 100 don yin shiryawa.

Bayan tsallakewa, an cire mace zuwa mafaka, amma kuma ana iya ware ta ta amfani da jirgin ruwa mai nauyin 6-10 na ruwa. Mata suna jigilar su tare da shambura waɗanda suke tsere wa bayan an sa su, suna mai da hankali sosai. Haɓakar mahaifa na ƙwai yakan ɗauki kwanaki 10-12, bayan wannan 6-mm ɗin ya fito daga bakin macen, wanda kwanaki da yawa suna neman mafaka a cikin ta yayin haɗari da daddare. Bayan morean ƙarin kwanaki, larvae ya juya zuwa soya sannan matan sun fi shuka. Matashi da yawa na Haplochromis yana ciyar da karamin abincin abinci (zooplankton). Gabaɗaya, namo soya baya gabatar da kowace irin matsala.

Bayanin

Aulonokara multicolor yana da halaye na waje:

• launuka masu launi iri-iri (jikin rawaya mai ruwan shuɗi, an rufe shi da tuddai masu launin shuɗi-shudi),
• jikin mai siffar mai hoto mai gautsi ya tarwatse a gefunan
• gaban babban nuna fin fin a baya,
• tsayin jiki ya kai santimita 15.

Kwararru masu ruwa a cikin ruwa suna mamakin yadda mutane da yawa ke rayuwa. A cikin yanayin da aka kirkira, tsammanin rayuwarsu na iya kai shekaru 8.

Rayuwa cikin yanayi

Mutumin da aka bayyana yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da ɗan Afirka na Akar. Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa baya faruwa a yanayi. Wannan murjani shine sakamakon zaɓin hankali. A saboda wannan dalili, babu wani bayani game da mazaunin kifaye a cikin yanayi.

Kifin ruwan kifaye shine kyakkyawan kyakkyawan halitta. Don kada ta yi rashin lafiya, ta haɓaka daidai, tana ƙaruwa, yana da mahimmanci a kula da ainihin yanayin lokacin shirya akwatin kifaye. Tsarin ruwa ya zama kamar haka:

• zazzabi - 24-27 ° C,
• tsaurara - daga raka'a 8 zuwa 16,
• acidity (pH) - daga raka'a 7 zuwa 8.

Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa ruwa koyaushe ya zama mai tsabta, sabo. A saboda wannan dalili, masu binciken ruwa suna bada shawarar a girka mashin kifin tare da tacewa har ma da damfara saboda dabbobi su sami isasshen iska. Aƙalla kwata na tara ruwa yana buƙatar a sauya shi mako-mako. Thearfin tanki na kifi ɗaya kada ya kasance ƙasa da lita 80, da kyau, idan akwai 5-6 daga cikinsu, aƙalla lita 200.

Cichlids ba sa son hasken haske, saboda haka yana da kyau a sayi fitilun da ke ba da wutar lantarki. Kyakkyawan zaɓi don ƙasa an murƙushe pebbles, yashi mai laushi, layin da yakamata ya zama aƙalla cm 5. Wasu sun fi son murƙushewar da aka yi da murjani. Game da wurin sanya tsire-tsire, ba lallai ne su kasance cikin sa ba.

Yawancin lokaci aulonokara sun fi son sarari, wurare da yawa kyauta. Koyaya, kasancewar ƙarancin tsire-tsire kamar anubias, echinodorus, nymphaeum baya hana su. Bai kamata a sami wasu abubuwa na kayan ado da yawa a cikin akwatin kifaye ba. Yana da kyawawa cewa ga kifin da ya bar isa a rufe shi da tsire-tsire, ado na substrate. Don haka za su iya motsawa da yardar rai a kewayen akwatin kifaye.

Yarda da hali

Aulonokara abu ne mai salama a yanayi, sabili da haka halin sa ga sauran nau'in kifin ba mai tashin hankali bane. Koyaya, akwai wasu nau'in mutane daban-daban waɗanda yafi kyau kada su cika su a cikin tanki ɗaya. Wadannan sun hada da:

• maɓallin hallita,
• havuchromis masar
• amintaccen abu,
• kamaruddin auratos,
• cichlids of Lake Tanganyika.

Kari akan haka, ba lallai ba ne a cika rayuwar da aka bayyana tare da nau'ikan masu maye-maye. Aulonocars zai sha wahala ne kawai daga irin wannan yankin. Ana kiyaye daidaiton daidaikun mutane tare da:

• kifayen (Antsistruses),
• labidochromeis rawaya,
• copadichromis "Cadango",
• blue ruwan
• dabbar dolfin

Lokacin zabar maƙwabta na kulawa mai mahimmanci, yana da mahimmanci don la'akari da mahimmancin tattara abincin ta a gida, da kuma mawuyacin kulawa da kulawa.

Ciyar da abinci

Gaskiya ne sananne cewa mutane da aka bayyana ba su da ma'ana a cikin abinci. Abinci ya dace da kowa, duka biyu kuma a cikin nau'in flakes. Mutane ba sa ƙin abincin “rayayye”, alal misali, saurukan masarufi, artemia, da corvette. Ya kamata a ba da rigakafin jini a cikin matsakaici. Masu ruwa da tsakin ruwa sun bayar da shawarar wadatar don ba da fifiko ga abincin da ke ɗauke da wani adadin carotenoids, saboda wannan zai taimaka inganta inuwa ta ja a kifin.

Wasu masu shayarwar cichlid suna ba da shawarar yin nasu abincin. Don yin shi a gida, kuna buƙatar waɗannan sinadaran masu zuwa:

• raw squid nama (mussel, jatan lande),
• scalded letas ganye,
• scalded alayyafo, kabewa ko zucchini,
• marigold petals (wanda aka sayar a kantin magani),
• Saffron,
• paprika.

Dukkan abubuwan an haɗa su ƙasa kuma an cakuda An bada shawara don ba da adadin jama'a a kalla sau biyu a rana don kauce wa wucewar dabbobin ruwa na ruwa. Ciyar da aulonokara ya ƙunshi maye gurbin nau'ikan ciyarwa.

Banbancin jinsi

Rashin samun dabarun binciken ruwa yawanci mamakin yadda za'a tantance jima'i na kifin da aka samu. Babban bambance-bambancen jima'i na mutane an yanke su da launi. A cikin maza yakan fi haske sosai fiye da mace. Jikin na ƙarshen yana da ɗanɗano launin toka, wanda a koyaushe yake rikice-rikice tare da wasu wakilan dangin cichl.

Kiwo da kiwo

Kiwon kifi yana yiwuwa a cikin babban akwatin kifaye da kuma a cikin wani tanki daban. Yana da mahimmanci cewa namiji ya kasance da "girlsan mata" da yawa, kuma shimfidar wuri ya ba wurare da yawa mafaka. Wannan ya zama dole ba don kifin ya "yi ritaya" ba, amma don mace ta iya ɓoyewa daga ɓoye mazajen cikin maza, idan ba a shirye dominsu ba.

Bugu da kari, yana da kyau a kula cewa namiji ya ga wani fili a cikin substrate, inda zai shirya rami domin yawo. Duwatsu masu laushi suna dacewa da waɗannan dalilai. Don kiwon kifi don cin nasara, yawan zafin jiki na yawan ruwa ya zama akalla 30 ° C. Matar, wanda ya amsa ladabi da namiji, lallai ne ya sanya kwai a cikin ramin da ya halitta. Sannan nan gaba "baba" ta hadiye ta.

Matar tana kama ƙwayayen da ke cikin bakinta, inda ta riƙe su mako uku. Saboda haka, aulonocars suna kiyaye zuriyar daga wasu kifi.

Cututtuka, rigakafin su

Wakilan da aka bayyana a dangin Tsykhlov ba su da takamaiman tsarin cututtuka a ciki. Don kuma cututtuka su ƙetare kifin, yana da mahimmanci a samar musu da isasshen yanayin rayuwa. Wannan shi ne daidai rigakafin su.

Aulonokara multicolor kyakkyawa ne, kifin kifin kifayen, baƙon abu ba, wanda ke tabbatar da kwatancinsa. Kwararru masu binciken ruwa ba su fara shi ba, saboda yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Koyaya, idan mutum ya aminta da iyawar nasu, zaku iya samun dama. Babban abu shine samar da kifin da yanayin rayuwa da abinci yadda yakamata.

Yanayi

Duk kifin mallakar gidan cichlid suna buƙatar sararin samaniya mai cike da ruwa don jin daɗin rayuwarsu, kuma aulonocar multicolor ba banda. Minimumaramar 80l a kowace ma'aunin kifaye biyu, kuma ƙungiyar ta fi girma, mafi girma adadin da suke buƙatar zama. Ya kamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa ana bada shawara don adana waɗannan kifin a cikin rukuni na mutane 6-10 tare da fifikon mata, kuma don kula da akwatin kifaye wanda ba ƙasa da lita 200 ake buƙata ba. Idan akwai maƙwabta daga wasu nau'in, yana da kyawawa don samo tanki mai nauyin lita 300 ko fiye.

Muhimmin abu don kyautata lafiyar culoliy mai tarin yawa shine tsabtar da ruwa. Don kula da ingancin ruwa, zaka buƙaci matattara mai ƙarfi na waje, kuma ya dogara da girman akwatin kifin da damfara. Mafi kyawun ma'aunin ruwa: zazzabi - 24-27 ° С, tauri - daga 8 ° dH kuma mafi girma, acidity - 7-8рН.

M yashi ko kyawawan pebbles sun dace kamar ƙasa; kwakwalwan murjani na iya zama mafita kwarai. Kasancewar ko rashin tsirrai basu taka rawa ta musamman, ana daukar adadinsu matsakaici shine mafi kyawun mafita (azaman zaɓi - echinodorus, anubias, nymphaeum). Wajibi ne a kirkiri adadi da yawa na shinge, amma ya kamata a kula don tabbatar da cewa akwai yankuna ƙasa na kyauta ko kuma ɗakunan dutse (idan har kuna shirin sa kifaye ba tare da yin amfani da filayen daban ba).

Haske mai yiwuwa ne kowane, matsakaici mai raba hasken wuta ko fitilu tare da wani saiti na katako masu girma.

Dace da sauran kifayen

Lokacin zabar maƙwabta don aulonokar multicolor yana da kyau a mayar da hankali kan kifin zaman lafiya daidai da masu girma dabam. Sau da yawa, an zaɓi nau'ikan da ke da alaƙa a matsayin masu zama tare - labidochromeis rawaya, copadichromis "Cadango, shuɗin ruwan holo, dabbar dolfin shuɗi, akwai bambancin adana kifin tare da magabatan mutum.

Wasu nau'in pseudotrophaeus na iya zama ƙarancin maƙwabta waɗanda suka dace, tunda za su iya samun halayyar ɗabi'a, amma akwai matsaloli game da ciyarwa. Aulonokaras na buƙatar abincin abinci mai hadewa + ciyayi, yayin da pseudotrophaeuses suna buƙatar abinci kawai na tushen shuka, in ba haka ba zasu sami matsalolin narkewa.

Ba shi yiwuwa a ƙunshi siyar da dabino tare da nau'ikan irin su pseudotrophyus demasoni, haemochromis masara (tsayayyar yaƙi tsakanin maza ba makawa), ma'anar paw, melanochromis auratos, haɗuwa tare da cichlids na Lake Tanganyika ba kyawawa bane.

11.01.2015

Halochchisis multicolor (lat. Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor) nasa ne a gidan Cichlids (Cichlidae). Wasu lokuta ana kiranta chromis bulti.

Cichlids suna cin sauro na cizon sauro sannan kuma suna ba da babban taimako a yaƙi da zazzabin cizon sauro. Wasu daga cikinsu sun kai manyan masu girma. Naman su na da daɗi sosai, saboda haka suna cikin kifin kasuwanci. Yawancin cichlids suna da godiya ga masu ilimin aquarists saboda kyawawan bayyanar su da halayen dabbar ta asali.

Habitat

Haicochromis multicolor yana zaune a cikin ruwa mai kyau a Gabashin Afirka. Mafi sau da yawa, ana iya ganin wannan kifin a cikin Kogin Nilu da kuma manyan wuraren bauta, tafkuna, tafkuna na ruwa, tafkunan, tafkuna da rijiyoyin.

Yankin zazzabi don yanayin kwanciyar hankali na chromis bulti ya ta'allaka ne daga 20 ° C zuwa 26 ° C.

Rayuwa

Haicochromis multicolor yana jagorantar rayuwa ta yau da kullun kuma yana rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai gabar teku. A cikin mazauninsu na al'ada, kifi suna tara a cikin ƙananan makarantu. Wadannan dabbobin suna koyaushe suna kusa da tsire-tsire, inda suke ɓoyewa a lokacin haɗari ko kuma suna kwana a cikin dare. Kifin maharbi ne, yana ciyarwa a kan tsutsotsi, mollusks, tadpoles da kwari.

Yayin farauta, multicolor yana ɗaukar halayen jira da gani. Lokacin da ganima ta kusa bakin, to kawai saurin kai hari.

Yawancin nau'ikan cichlids na iya zama tare tare cikin kwanciyar hankali cikin salama a cikin tafki ɗaya, kowannensu ya fi son kwanar da aka fi so. Wasu suna cin caviar na danginsu, wasu kuma suna cin lardinsu.

Wasu kifayen suna bin mace da ƙwayar fyaɗe har mahaifiyar da ta ƙare ta buɗe bakinta kuma ta saki hera offspringanta. Rarrabe dodanni suna kama bakinsu da lebe su tsotse ƙwai kai tsaye daga bakinsu. Tsakanin cichlids, ana samun parasites waɗanda ke tara sikeli daga wasu kifaye.