Foundasar da ke Tsakiyar Azumi ta Asiya ana samun ta cikin yanayi a cikin kwari da hamada, a cikin yanayin ƙasa mai saukin kai na Kazakhstan, Indiya, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, ana san ta da hankali da saurinwa, tana amfani da burma a zaman. Saboda sauƙi na kulawa mai ɗaurin kai, yawancin mutane suna zaɓar wannan ra'ayi don terrarium na cikin gida.
Rikicin Tsakiyar Asiya - na
Toasarar ƙasa ta Asiya ta Tsakiya ƙanƙane a cikin girman - sun kai 15 cm ne kawai. Suna da harsashi mai zagaye, mai kama da kek, mai launi mai launin ruwan-zaki-zaitun mai launin duhu tare da duhu masu farin ciki. A gaɓoɓin akwai garkuwa 25 na ƙaho, a kan karafa - 13, akan plastron - 16. Shugaban kunkuru shine zaitun tare da muƙamuƙi mai sama. A kan kafafu na gaba sune farar fata 4. 5 An bambanta nau'ikan ƙuruciya na tsakiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya:
- Bogdanovi. An bayar da shi da sutturar maraƙi, mara nauyi da santsi
- Bazawara. An fasalta shi da wata irin dome mai kamar dumin dumu-dumu a kirji ko Emerald, tare da ɓoyayyen ƙwayoyin cuta,
- Kazachstanica. Bambanci a cikin yashi launi, lokacin farin ciki sub-square rauni convex carapace,
- Rustamovi. An kwatanta shi da ƙananan girma, harsashi na humpback tare da manyan ƙananan ƙwayoyin fine,
- Kuznetzovi. An cika shi da duke-duwade tare da duhunn furanni a matattarar bishiyar ciyawa, wacce kusan take da'irar kewaya.
Rayuwa cikin yanayi
Namedar ƙwararren ƙwallon ƙafa an ba shi suna ne bayan ɗan masanin kimiyyar halittar Amurkawa Thomas Walker Horsfield. Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, mazaunin a Tsakiyar Asiya, a cikin gangara daga China zuwa Uzbekistan da Kazakhstan.
Ya fi son ƙasa mai yashi, amma kuma ana samun shi a loam. Ainihi ana kiyaye shi a cikin ƙasa mai dutse ko ƙasa, inda akwai ruwa, sabili da haka ciyawa suna da yawa.
Suna zaune a cikin ramuka waɗanda suke haƙa kansu ko baƙon. Duk da cewa suna zaune a cikin yankuna maras amo, a zahiri suna buƙatar yankin da ke da isasshen zafi don su iya haƙa. Idan ƙasa tana bushe da ƙura, ba za su iya haƙa ba ko kaɗan.
Kasancewa mai yawa, an jera shi a cikin littafin Red a matsayin wani nau'in haɗari, da farko saboda kamun kifi.
Tsawon wane lokaci ne Tsattsen yankin yankin Asiya ya rayu?
Shekarun kunkuru a cikin yanayin halitta shine shekaru 40-50. Mahaɗaɗɗun cikin cikin gida sun kai shekara 15. Idan abun cikin ya zama babu makawa ga rayuwa, to zai iya rayuwa cikin bauta zuwa shekaru 30. Kafin kayyade shekarun lalacewar Tsakiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya, ya zama dole a kirga manyan tsummokaran da aka gani a tsakiyar faranti 13 na kafatarta. Yawan su daidai yake da adadin shekarun da mai dabba mai rai ya rayu.
Toudar ƙasa ta Asiya ta Tsakiya na tsawon rayuwa a cikin bauta yana buƙatar gida mai faɗi, wanda aka sanye shi da halayen dabbobin. Wasu masu shayarwa a cikin bazara suna yin manyan ɗakunann su akan ƙasa na gidan. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, duka ɗaya ne, dole ne a maimaita jigilar dabbobi sau da yawa a cikin iska, a rana. Yana da mahimmanci a cikin kula da tosheise na tsakiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya - don samar da shi da ƙarin sarari don rayuwa, don haka zai kasance mai ƙarfi da lafiya tsawon shekaru. Yanke maƙarƙashiya a cikin akwatunan filastik, aquariums, terrariums.
Bayanin
Toan wasa na tsakiyar Asiya ya yi ƙanana kaɗan, kuma yana iya girma kimanin 15-25 cm.
Maza sun kasance ƙanana fiye da mace game da 13-20, mace 15-23 cm, duk da haka, da wuya su girma babba kuma girman ya bambanta tsakanin 12-18 cm.
A girman 15-16, mace na iya ɗaukar ƙwai. Tan kunkuru kusan tsawon cm 3.
Launi na mutane daban-daban na iya bambanta, amma yawanci fasinja (ɓangaren da keɓaɓɓen ɓangaren gwal) mai launin shuɗi ko ruwan zaitun mai duhu mai duhu. Shugaban da paws suna da launin ruwan kasa-launin shuɗi.
Waɗannan onlyar thean kunkuru ne kawai a cikin halittar Testudo waɗanda suke da huɗu, ba yatsu uku akan yatsunsu.
Azabtarwa ta Tsakiya ta Asiya ita ce ɗayan gama gari tsakanin duk nau'ikan ƙasa, yana da sauƙi a kiyaye shi, babban abin shi ne kulawa ta dace.
Duk da ƙananan girman su, waɗannan kunkuru suna da aiki sosai, suna buƙatar sarari. Hakanan yana da kyau cewa suna da ikon haƙa.
Idan suna da ikon tono, to sun yi haƙuri da babban bambancin zazzabi, kuma ana iya sa a waje a lokacin bazara.
Misali, sun jure wa yanayin zafi sosai na 10 ° C. Idan akwai irin wannan dama, to, a lokacin lokacin dumi yana da kyau a ajiye shi a cikin aviary, alal misali, a cikin gidan ƙasa ko a gonar wani gida mai zaman kansa.
Yankin don ajiyewa yakamata ya zama sarari, 2 * 2 mita. Dole ne a zurfafa shinge a cikin ƙasa ta 30 cm, saboda suna iya tono ta kuma gudu.
Hakanan tsawo na shinge yakamata ya zama akalla 30 cm tsawo. Mafi yawan lokuta suna haƙa a cikin sasanninta, saboda sanya manyan duwatsu a can zai sa tserewarsu ke da wuya.
Sun fara haƙa da ƙwazo sosai lokacin da bambanci tsakanin yanayin zafin rana da dare ya zama mai mahimmanci, saboda haka ana samun ceto daga cutar rashin ƙarfi.
Zaka iya shirya musu rami nan da nan kunkuru wanda kunkuru zai ɓoye da daddare, wanda zai rage sha'awar sa ƙasa. A cikin wurin da aka rufe, sanya akwati na ruwa babba domin ya yi wanka da shi, amma a lokaci guda zai iya fita ba tare da matsala ba.
Ba zai yiwu a ci gaba da gidaje a cikin lokutan sanyi ba, ko kuma idan ka riƙe su a farfajiyar. Amma, yana da kyau a lokacin bazara ku kai ta waje, a rana.
Kawai ka tabbata cewa kunkuru ba ya cin tsire-tsire mai guba, ko kuma ya shiga gaban wanda aka azabtar da dabbobi.
Ana iya kiyaye shi a cikin akwatunan filastik, aquariums, terrariums. Babban abu shine ya kasance wuri mai dorewa kuma kunkuru ba zai guje shi ba.
Animalaya daga cikin dabba yana buƙatar yankin da ba ƙasa da 60 * 130 cm ba, amma mafi kyau har yanzu yana da yawa. Idan sarari ya ɓace, za su zama ƙasa, ko su fara narkewa a sasanninta.
Mabuɗin abin da ya ƙunshi shine ba mata duk yawan rayuwa har abada, wannan shine yadda zata kasance cikin koshin lafiya, mai aiki kuma zai kasance mai ban sha'awa ga kallon ta.
Wadansu galibi suna rike da ita a matsayin dabbobi, suna barinsu su yi yawo a cikin gidan. Koyaya, wannan ba zai yiwu ba!
Bayan gaskiyar cewa zaku iya hawa kan shi ko kuma ku makale a cikin gidan, akwai kayan kwalliya da datti, kuma kunkuru na Tsakiyar Asiya yana matukar tsoronsu.
Hakanan yana da mahimmanci don samar da dumama da hasken UV na akalla awanni 12 kowace rana, amma zamuyi magana game da wannan a ƙasa dalla dalla.
Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, kunkuru suna ƙaunar tono. Abin so ne sosai a cikin bauta suna da irin wannan damar.
Misali, zaku iya yin Layer na duniya tare da kwalliyar kwakwa (don taushi) a cikin farfajiyar su ko sanya Layer a ɗaya daga cikin sasanninta. Sand bai dace ba, kodayake an yi imanin cewa akasin haka ne.
Amma, sai aka lura cewa kunkuru da gangan ya hadiye shi, sai ya rufe mata hancin kuma zai iya kaiwa ga mutuwa.
Soilasa ta zama mai isasshen ƙasa domin ta iya haƙa shi da zurfi, kuma ta iya haƙa shi.
Idan kuwa ba ta da damar yin tono, to lallai ne ta tanadi mafaka inda za ta ɓoye. Zai iya zama rabin tukunya, akwati, da sauransu. Babban abu shi ne cewa babu kaifi gefuna kuma zaku iya juya a ciki.
A cikin farfajiyar ana buƙatar sanya akwati na ruwa, don kunkuru ya iya hawa ciki ya sha daga ciki.
Don kula da ma'aunin ruwa, kuna buƙatar wanka kowace mako a cikin wanka mai cike da ruwa mai ɗumi, game da wuyanta. Toddlers suna wanka sau da yawa.
Manyan duwatsu, masu lebur, na taimaka musu su datse kambatun su, kuma suna zama abinci ne. Kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya na ƙaunar hawa wani wuri, don haka ka basu wannan damar.
Lura cewa su yankuna yanki ne sosai kuma suna iya yin zaluntar dangi.
Terrarium don tsere wa Asiya ta Tsakiya
Don ƙyallen ƙasa na Asiya ta Tsakiya, lokacin da aka kiyaye ta a cikin yanki guda ɗaya, ana yaba yankin da yakai 60x130 cm, har ma yafi kyau. Inganta Gida:
- An zaɓi jirgin ruwa a kwance tare da saman iska da na gefe.
- Zazzabi a cikin terrarium ya kamata ya kasance a matakin 25-27 ° С, a cikin keɓaɓɓen kusurwa a ƙarƙashin fitilar - har zuwa 33 ° С.
- Haske na hasken rana 40 na tsawan 20 cm an sanya shi akan murfi don dumama da haske Haske yana tabbatar da aiki na jiki na kunkuru.
- Yana da matukar muhimmanci a sanya tsari wanda ya zama kamar kango. Don wannan, akwatin da aka juya, rabin tukunya, ya dace.
- Wani lokaci ana sanya akwati na ruwa a cikin farfajiyar, amma wannan ba lallai ba ne - kunkuru yana da isasshen ciyawa mai laushi da wanka na mako-mako don daidaita jikin tare da danshi.
Zafi
Wajibi ne yawan zafin jiki a cikin terrarium ya kasance 25-27 ° C da wani wuri daban, fitila mai zafi, mai zafin jiki na 30-33 ° C.
Idan tana da zaɓi, to za ta ƙaura zuwa inda ta fi kwanciyar hankali da rana.
Gaskiyar ita ce, a cikin yanayin, suna rayuwa a cikin wani yanayi mai zafi mai zafi, amma a yanayin zafi sosai (ko ƙasa), hawa zuwa cikin ramuka inda zafin jiki ya tabbata.
A karkashin fitilun:
Don dumama, fitilar ɗimbin wutar lantarki ya dace, wanda ke ba da dumama da yawa.
Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci don daidaita tsayin sama da wurin don kada kunkuru ya ƙone, yana da kusan 20 cm, amma ba fiye da 30. dumama mai kyau yana da mahimmanci, kuma tsawon hasken rana tare da dumama ya zama aƙalla awanni 12.
Baya ga zafi, Tsarin Asiya ta Tsakiya yana buƙatar ƙarin tushen haskoki na UV.
A saboda wannan, ana siyar da fitilu na musamman (10% UVB) a cikin shagunan dabbobi, tare da haɓakar bakan hasken haskoki na UV.
Tabbas, a yanayi suna samun adadin da ya dace. Amma, a gida, babu irin wannan dama, kuma yana da matukar muhimmanci a rama!
Gaskiyar ita ce idan ba tare da hasken ultraviolet ba su haifar da bitamin D3 kuma metabolism na alli, ya zama dole don ci gaba da harsashi, yana da matukar rauni.
Abin takaici, yawancin sun yi imanin cewa duk danshi na kunkuru ya samu daga tsire-tsire da suke ci.
Ee, a dabi'a suna rayuwa a cikin yanayin ƙasa mai danshi, kuma suna cire ruwa daga jiki sosai tattalin arziƙi.
Amma, wannan baya nufin ko kaɗan abin da basa sha. Bayan haka, suna da sha'awar iyo sosai kuma ga tsohuwar tsintsiya da ke Tsakiyar Asiya tana buƙatar yin wanka sau ɗaya a mako.
An nutsar dashi cikin ruwa mai dumi, game da matakin wuyansa kuma an ba shi damar sha ruwa da kyau na mintuna 15-30. A wannan lokacin, suna sha da sha ruwa ta fata.
A cikin terrarium, kuna buƙatar sanya saucer tare da ruwa, amma kuna buƙatar saka idanu da tsabta a ciki.
Twararrun kunkuru suna son su bugu cikin ruwa lokacin da suke narkewa, kuma irin wannan ruwa, idan an bugu, zai iya haifar da rashin lafiya. Bugu da kari, suna juya shi, zuba shi. Don haka ya fi sauƙi a yi wanka na mako-mako.
Don ƙaramin kunkuru da sa cuban, irin wannan baho ya zama mafi yawan lokuta, har zuwa sau uku a mako, kamar yadda suke bushewa da sauri fiye da manya.
Cikakkun bayanai kan yadda ake amfani da kunkuru daidai (Ingilishi, amma a bayyane kuma ba tare da fassara ba):
Abin da za a ciyar
Herbivores, kuma a cikin bauta shi wajibi ne don ciyar da abincin shuka. Letas, ganye daban-daban - Dandelions, Clover, coltsfoot, plantain.
Kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa yakamata a basu kadan, kusan 10%. Zai iya zama apples, ayaba, berries.
Inda suke rayuwa babu 'ya'yan itace mara ruwa musamman. Dalilin shine tsire-tsire masu ɗauke da babban adadin fiber mai ɗorawa, maimakon bushe.
Hakanan akwai wadatattun ciyarwa na kasuwanci don kunkuru na ƙasa wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don ciyarwa iri-iri.
Banbanci shine maɓalli na lafiyar kunkuru, kuma yana da kyau ku bayar da yawancin abinci da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, ciyarwar kasuwanci nan da nan ya zo tare da ƙari na bitamin da alli.
Amma abin da ba za ku iya bayarwa shi ne kawai abin da mutane suke ci.
Kyakkyawan masu kyauta suna ba da biyun burodi, cuku gida, kifi, nama, cat da abincin kare. Ba za a yi wannan ba! Don haka, kuna kashe ta kawai.
Kunkuru ne ke ciyar da sau ɗaya a rana, kuma kunkuru kunkuru sau da yawa, sau ɗaya a kowace kwana biyu ko uku.
Kira
Ba kamar kunkuru na cikin ruwa ba, Asiya ta Tsakiya tana da kwanciyar hankali.
Amma, duk da wannan, sau da yawa bai kamata ku karbe su ba. Idan ka rikita su koyaushe, sun fada cikin damuwa, kuma yara gaba ɗaya na iya sauke su ko cutar da su.
Irin wannan damuwa yana haifar da raguwa a cikin aiki da cuta. Tan kunkuru sun fi zama barga, sun saba da su, amma kuna buƙatar sanin ma'aunin.
Hakanan ba za ku ji daɗi ba idan kuna yawan damuwa. Bari su rayu gwargwadon rayuwarsu.
Mataki na zauna cikin maza
Ana samun wannnan mbe a cikin tsakiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya, a Kudancin Kazakhstan, a arewa maso yammacin China, Iran, Afghanistan da Pakistan. Ba kasafai aka same shi a cikin Rasha ba, kusa da gabar arewa maso gabashin tekun Caspian, a kudu na yankin Orenburg. Akwai bayanai game da kasancewar ta a kudancin yankin Chelyabinsk, amma da alama an jera ta a can.
Kunkuru yana zaune a cikin kwarin kogi, filayen kwari, yashi da yashi, yashi, tsauni (har tsawan mita 1200 sama da matakin teku). Wasu lokuta ana samun su akan filayen noma da filaye.
Mataki wajen raba abinci
A yanayi, tushen abinci mai gina jiki na Tsakiyar kunkuru na Asiya shine tsire-tsire na herbaceous ephemeral. Taya-kunkuru yakan cika buƙatar danshi da abinci mai kyau, amma, in ya yiwu, suna yin shan ruwa da son rai. Baya ga tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, ijawa har ila yau tana cin gour, harbe na ciyawa da ciyayi, berries da lokaci-lokaci fallan itace a cikin orchards. A cikin yanayin, wannan nau'in yana zaune a cikin yanayin yanayin m, mai saurin ciyawa akan ciyayi, don haka wuce gona da iri, abinci mai daɗi ba na halitta bane ga narkewa, zai iya haifar da fermentation a cikin ciki.
A gida, a cikin bauta, kunkuru ya kamata a ciyar da abinci iri-iri - sabo ko bushe / ciyayi mai sanyi (hunturu), tsire-tsire na gida, a wasu lokuta salads da kayan marmari daga cikin jerin abubuwan da aka yarda. A cikin terrarium, yana da kyawawa cewa an sanya ciyawa mai laushi don gyara don rashin ƙwayar fiber. Ana iya sanya abincin da yake soki a cikin kwano ko a kan sauran farce don guje wa hadiye ƙasa, zai fi kyau kada ku ciyar da shi daga hannuwanku. Ana ciyar da ƙananan kunkuru a kowace rana, waɗancan tsofaffi - sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 2-3 (kunkuru na 7 cm ko fiye a cikin plastron ya kamata a ciyar da shi kowace kwana 2-3). Yawan abinci - kamar yadda kunkuru ya cika, amma a cikin adadin da ya dace, daga misalin 1/2 na kwandon.
KAR KI bayar da nama, kifi, madara, gurasa, cuku gida, qwai, sauran abincin mutane ko kare, cat cat, shi ma ba a ke so ba da 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, kamar yadda suke haifar da fermentation kuma ana narkewa sosai. A cikin farfajiyar, ana gwamma a sami asalin kalsiya (alal misali, sepia), wanda kunkuru koyaushe yana samun dama, haka nan kuma lallai ne a bayarda sinadarin Vitamin da alli a cikin foda sau daya a mako (ZooMed, JBL, da sauransu).
Yakamata a sami wurin wanka a cikin farfajiyar, ko kunkuru ya kamata a yi wanka sau da yawa a sati ta kunkuru a cikin kwandon shara mai ɗumi (31-35 ° C), tsayin ruwan ya hau kan kunkuru.
Kiwo Tsarin kunkuru na tsakiyar Asiya
Urtwaye ya isa ga balaga a cikin shekaru 10-12 (mace daga baya fiye da maza). A cikin bauta, kunkuru ya zama mai bala'in jima'i tun yana ɗan shekara 5-6. Maza suna da matukar fa'ida, suna yin faɗa da abokan hamayya kuma sun tsaya ga mace.
Daga watan Afrilun zuwa Yuni, macen ta daga kwane 1 zuwa 6 a cikin fararen huda sau biyu a cikin kaka. Lokacin shiryawa shine kimanin watanni 3. Ta tan kunkuru tare da tsawon kwasfa na 30-40 mm yawanci yakan kasance cikin yanayin hunturu kuma yana fitowa a farfajiya kawai lokacin bazara na shekara mai zuwa.
Ilasa a cikin yanayi mai laushi ne, yashi mai laushi. Rijiyoyin tare da diamita na 4 mm da zurfin 0.5 cm sigogi na ƙwai - 40x57 mm, nauyi - 30g. Yawan zafin jiki shine 26-34 ° C (mafi girma ko ƙananan - ƙwai sun mutu). Jin zafi na shiryawa shine 60-70% (kimanin bayanai). Lokacin shiryawa shine kwanaki 60-80-120. Lokacin kiyayya shine Agusta - Oktoba. Girman kunkuru - 3-5cm. Sau da yawa kunkuru ya kasance cikin hunturu a cikin ƙasa, yana zuwa saman kawai a cikin bazara na shekara mai zuwa. A cikin kunkuru, kwayar gwaiduwa ba a maimata shi da haihuwa kuma an fito da haƙoran ƙwai.An sake dawo da kwai gwaiduwa bayan kwanaki 2-4, kuma bayan haka kunkuru ya fara ciyarwa. Lokacin da yake da shekaru 2-3, ana ƙara yawan abinci a cikin abincin.
A lokacin shiryawa, ba a cikin keken masana'antu ba, amma a cikin kayan da aka yi a gida, yakamata a sami akwati da ruwa, kuma sau ɗaya a rana ya zama dole don sanyaya ƙasa tare da sirinji ba tare da samun ƙwai ba.
Matsakaicin rayuwa mai rai ya wuce shekaru 30.
A cikin tortoise na Asiya ta Tsakiya, ana yin jima'i gwargwadon zazzabi (TSD). Yawancin zafin jiki da aka ba da shawarar shine tsakanin 29 da 35 ° C. Zazzabi sama da 32.22 ° C yana haifar da ƙarancin kunkuru. Daidai ne - 31.67 C, ana samun mace a wannan zafin. Idan yanayin zafin jiki ya kasance ya yi yawa, to wannan na iya haifar da lalata harsashi, alal misali, ƙarin garkuwa. A zazzabi na 30 ° C, duka maza da mata an sami su ba tare da lalacewa ba.
Terrarium don ƙyallen ƙasa
Gilashin, katako, terrarium filastik daga 60x40 cm don kunkuru na ƙuruciya kuma har zuwa 1-1.5 mx 50 cm ga ɗaya ko biyu manya.
Asa: manyan pebbles a cikin wani kusurwa mai dumi (zai fi dacewa) + ƙasa mai santsi, ko ƙura mai yashi (yashi + loam), ko karamin dutsen ɓoye.
Haske: 40-60 W fitilar incandescent da 10-12 UVB UV fitilar masu rarrafe. Kunkuru yana cin lokaci mai yawa a rana. Matsakaicin UVI a gare su shine matsakaici 1.0-2.6, matsakaici na 2.9-7.4 (yankin 3rd na Ferguson). Hasken rana a lokacin rani - awa 14, a cikin hunturu - 10 hours. Zafin rana a rana 25-30 C tare da zazzabi a ƙarƙashin fitilar (a wurin dumama) 35 C, da dare - 20 C.
Ya kamata fitilar UV ya kasance kusan 25 cm daga kunkuru (ba ƙasa da 20 ba, ba ya fi 40). Fitilar ultraviolet ba ta dumama dumamar ƙasa, amma tana ba da kunkuru da ultraviolet da suke karɓa a cikin yanayi tare da taimakon hasken rana - ultraviolet yana da mahimmanci don kunkuru ya yi aiki na yau da kullun, shan alli da samar da Vitamin D3. Fitila mai dumama (incandescent) yana ɗaukar tushen tushen zafi, yana haifar da mahimmancin yanayin zafinda wanda kunkuru kansa zai iya zaɓar mafi yawan zafin jiki na shi. Zafi yana da matukar mahimmanci ga dabbobi masu rarrafe saboda kawai ana iya ɗaukar mai da zafi daga matattara na waje domin jiki yayi aiki da kyau. Ba tare da zafi ba, low metabolism ya zama da hankali, abinci ba ya narkewa, amma rots a cikin ciki, matsalolin gastrointestinal yana yiwuwa. Za'a iya daidaita zafin jiki a karkashin fitilar ta hanyar canza fitilar da kanta a cikin fitilar (saita bambanta cikin iko), ko runtse ko ɗaga fitilar.
Additionallyari: mafaka ko gida, kwanon abinci, ma'aunin zafi, ma yana da kyau a sanya ɗakin ɗakuna don ƙananan kunkuru, ko kusurwa ta ƙasa.
Urtiyoyi sun fi son binne kansu a cikin ƙasa, tono da kuma neman mafaka kansu. Duk wani zane da canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi, koda tare da abun ciki na terrarium, na iya haifar da sanyi a cikin waɗannan dabbobi.
Corral
Idan akwai kunkuru da yawa kuma akwai ƙarin wuri a gida, to, zaku iya shirya musu murja daidai a ƙasan ɗakin. Da corral ya kamata da kyawawan manyan ganuwar, a ƙasa - ƙasa daga sama. An kunna fitilar dumama a ɗayan ɗayan bangon murhu. Zai fi kyau sanya fitilar ultraviolet saboda ya haskaka da murhun gaba ɗaya.
A lokacin rani, matsuguni ba ya da mummunar shirya a cikin gidan rani. A watan Yuli - Agusta, a kan layin kudu na Kiev - Voronezh, zaku iya barin kunkuru a alƙalami da daddare (idan zafin jiki bai faɗi ƙasa da 20 ° C ba), ya fi kyau a kawo dabbobi cikin gidan arewacin wannan layin da daddare. Don yin sauƙi don sa kunkuru a kowane lokaci, zaku iya haɗa ƙananan balanba akan pacewalwa tare da ɗan ƙaramin tef ko alamar tuta a kan babban katako.
Gyaran kyauta a cikin gidan a kasa ba a yarda ba. Ban da lokacin da akwai murjani a kan sashi mai dumi, daɗaɗɗen farfajiya, ba tare da zane-zane ba, tare da fitilun da suka dace, bambance-bambancen zafin jiki da ƙasa.
Kula da kunkuru na Landasa
An ba da shawarar kunkuru da kunar bakin kwarya sau ɗaya a mako a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi har zuwa kan kunkuru (2/3 na tsawan harsashi). Wadannan wanka suna sake daidaita ruwan-gishiri na jikin dabbar, da kuma inganta hanjin. Hakanan, yayin waɗannan wanka, dabba tana karɓar danshi da ke buƙatar jikin. Ba kwa buƙatar ƙara wani abu a cikin ruwa.
Informationarin Bayani
A Uzbekistan, asalin kunkuru yana da alaƙa a cikin labarin tare da ɗan kasuwa mai sihiri. Ya kunyata masu siyarwa da rashin kunya da rokon Allah. Allah ya yi fushi, ya dauki kwano biyu na ma'auni wanda dan kasuwa ya rataye gari, kuma ya matso mai dabinon tare da su. "Za ku dawwama waɗannan shaidun kunya," in ji Allah. Tsakanin sikelin mai siyar, kawai shugaban sa da wata gabar sa sun kasance mai danko, ya juya ya zama kunkuru.
A al'ada, Tsarin kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya yana launin ruwan kasa, wanda aka sifanta a cikin nau'i na sausages, yana nunawa a wannan ƙarshen, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana faruwa sau 1-2 a rana. Fitsari a bayyane yake, wani lokacin ma ya hada da fitar farin ruwa (uric acid salts). Adadinsa ya dogara da tsarin abinci.
A watan Oktoba - Nuwamba, kunkuru ya shiga cikin ɓarkewa, wanda yakan ƙare har zuwa Maris - Afrilu a farkon ɓoyewa daga 2 zuwa Afrilu zuwa Yuni, kunkuru ya ciyar da kiwo sosai, bayan haka sun shiga cikin yanayin bazara, wanda ya danganta da zafi, fari da kuma mutuwar ciyayi. . Idan babu ruwan sama, rashin lokacin bazara zai iya juya kai tsaye zuwa hunturu.
Urtkuru ya sami damar fashe ta hanyar tun daga ciki har zuwa 2 m tsawo da kyamarori 0,5 a diamita.
A Tsakiyar Asiya, kunkuru kuma ana kiranta "tashbaka" - kwaɗon dutse.
Habitat
Tsakiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya, Ibewa ta Fati (jarrabawar doki, gwauro na Agrionemys) - Semi-hamada na Tsakiyar Asiya. An samo shi a kudancin Kazakhstan da Indiya. Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan sune jihohin da zaku iya ganin waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe. A Rasha, tosheise na Tsakiyar Asiya ko mai tsaka-tsaka yana da matukar wuya kuma an hango shi kusa da gabar arewa maso gabas a tekun Caspian da kuma kudu a cikin yankin Orenburg.
Kwarin kwarin kogin, ciyawar yashi da hamada da jeji, har ma filaye da filayen noma sune "gida" don wannan kunkuru. An kuma samo ta a cikin shimfidar wurare da kuma tsaunuka (har zuwa 1200 m). Wannan ya tabbatar da tabbacin cewa kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya na iya motsawa sosai tare da tsawan tsaunuka.
Tsarin Terrarium
Dole ne a sami ƙasa mai kunshe da m pebbles a cikin kusurwa mai dumi, sawdust / kwakwalwan itace / hay. Ciyar da abinci tare da gida.
Fitilar mai lalacewa (40-60 W) wata matattara ce mai zafi, wacce take samar da canjin yanayin zafin da yakamata wanda mahaɗaɗinta zasu iya zaɓar yanayin zafin da ya dace. Muhimmin mahimmancin zafi yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban matakai wanda ƙirin zai iya ƙoshi tare da godiya ga tushen yanayin zafi kuma hakan zai tabbatar da aiki na jiki gaba ɗaya. Idan babu zafi, rage kiba a hankali yayi yawa. Abincin rots a cikin ciki ba tare da narkewa ba, wanda hakan na iya haifar da fushi a cikin ciki. Tsarin zafin jiki a cikin kusurwar sanyi kusa da gidan kusan 24-26 ° С da 30-33 о С - a cikin kusurwa mai dumi a ƙarƙashin fitilar. Za'a iya daidaita tsarin zafin jiki na fitilar ta hanyar ɗaga ko saukar da fitilar, ko sanya fitilun wutar lantarki ta hanyoyi daban-daban.
Ya kamata a kunna fitilar ultraviolet na musamman ga masu rarrafe (10% UVB) a nesa da 25 cm daga dabbar (ba ta fi 40 ba ƙasa da 20). Fitilar UV ba ya zafi da terrarium, amma yana ba da kunkuru da hasken ultraviolet mai mahimmanci, wanda ake buƙata don rayuwar halitta - ɗaukar bitamin D3, alli da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata na ganowa. A dabi'a, kunkuru ya karbe shi ta hanyar hasken rana.
Kunkuru sun gwammace su “nemi mafaka” kansu, suna binne kansu cikin mawuyacin hali. Duk wani zane ko canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi, koda a cikin terrarium, na iya haifar da sanyi a cikin dabbobi.
Kunkuru Corral
Ana yin shi a ɗayan sasanninta na kyauta na ɗakin. Fitilar dumama yana kusa da ɗayan bangon corral. Kunkuru kansa yana iya zaɓar zazzabi da yake buƙata a daidai lokacin. A lokacin rani, paddock ba dadi ba don ba da kayan kan gida na rani. Don sauƙaƙe gano kunkuru mai ɓoye, ɓoye, zaku iya gyara balan-balan tare da tef ɗin scotch a kan babban jirgin oran tutar ko kuma tutar da aka iya gani akan babban katako. Idan yanayin zafin jiki ya ba da damar, to, zaku iya barin ƙirin a cikin alƙalami da dare.
Free abun ciki a kasa a gidan ba a yarda! Banda haka shine lokuta idan corral yana kan shinge mai dumi da ƙasa, ba tare da zayyanawa da canjin zafin jiki ba, tare da kasancewar fitilun da suka wajaba.
Kula: Yana da kyau a yi amfani da kunkuru a cikin ruwan dumi na yau da kullun kowane mako 1-2. Ruwan zafin jiki shine 31 - 35 ° С. Matsayi - zuwa matakin shugaban kunkuru (2/3 na tsawon harsashi). Irin wannan wanka yana daidaita ma'aunin ruwa-gishiri da danshi a cikin jikin mai rarrafe, yana daidaita hanji. Ba a buƙatar ƙarin ƙari ruwa.
Ban sha'awa game da kunkuru
Listedabilar Tsarin kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya an jera su a cikin Littafin Layi na Duniya.
Labarin Uzbek cikin annushuwa yana ba da labarin asalin / bayyanar kunkuru. Swaya daga cikin masu siyarwar dillalai don haka babu ma'ana a bayyane kuma ya auna abokan cinikinsa wanda a ƙarshe, mutane sun fusata da kiran Allah. Allah, cikin fushi, sai ya dauki sikirin dan kasuwar ya cusa ma mai zagon kasa: “Koyaushe zaku dauki shaidar yaudarar ku. Don haka shugaban da yatsunsa suka kasance suna manne da sikeli masu nauyi, suna mai musayar ya zama kunkuru.
A cikin zafi, kunkuru na hibernates, basa tono mai zurfi a ƙasa. A cikin kaka, zurfin shine 1 m.
Urtkuru ya iya fashewa ta hanyar tuno har zuwa 2 m tsawonsa tare da kyamarori har zuwa rabin mita a diamita.
Harshen kunar bakin itace kasusuwa da kasusuwa da kashinsa, kuma kamar yadda mutane basa iya “fita” daga kashin su, haka kunkuru ba zai iya kawar da kwasfa ba.
Harshen kunar bakin Tsarin Asiya ta Tsakiya mai launin ruwan kasa ne a cikin kullun kuma yana iya bayyana sau 1-2 a rana. Yawan fitsari ya dogara da tsarin abinci. Yana da kyau a zahiri, wani lokacin yana ƙunshe da farin zubar da salts acid uric.
Siffofin Yaduwa
Domin kiwo na fursunoni ya zama mai nasara, kana buƙatar siyan ma'aurata kusan iri ɗaya da girmansu. Za'a iya bambance mace ta haƙoran roba a cikin plastron a cikin wutsiya, kuma wutsiyar namiji tayi yawa kuma ya fi tsayi.
A cikin kunkuru, lokacin dabbar yana farawa a watan Fabrairu (bayan ya bar rashin himma) kuma zai iya kasancewa har zuwa watan Agusta. Matar na dauke da qwai tsawon watanni, sannan ta lika su. Qwai na iya zama daga 2 zuwa 6. Sa’annan, shirkin ya kasance tsawon watanni biyu, yayin da zazzabi ya kamata ya kasance 28-30 C. Girman kunkun kunkun shine 2.5 cm.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa shine mace zata iya haihuwar ta a yanayin zafi, kuma maza galibi a ƙananan yanayin.
Cutar da Rigakafin
Yakamata likitan dabbobi ya bincika dalilin maganin rigakafin. Yawancin lokaci, fitsari da feces masu rarrafe suna da ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa. A gida, kunkuru na iya yin rashin lafiya idan ba a bi tsabtace farfajiyar gidan ba.
Dole ne a bi ƙa'idodin masu zuwa:
- Kowace rana, canza ruwa - duka sha da wanka.
- A kai a kai yana lalata duk kwantena.
- Bincika kayan kwanciya don tsafta da bushewa, idan ya cancanta, canza shi.
Kamar kowane abu mai rai, kunkuru na iya yin rashin lafiya. A mafi yawan hatsari da na kowa cututtuka ga dabbobi ne:
- Zazzabi, wanda ke haɗuwa da ƙi game da abinci, asarar ci, rashin ruwa na lokaci-lokaci, fitar gamsai daga hanci.
- Prolapse daga cikin dubura.
- Parasites na ciki, lokacin da kunkuru ya rasa nauyi, ya zama ba zai iya nuna damuwa ba.
- Cutar zawo saboda ƙarancin abinci. Feces suna da ƙamshi da wari mara kyau.
- Matsewar hanji Yana faruwa tare da hypothermia da kuma amfani da wani abu inedible, alal misali, yashi.
- Ciki a kan asalin lalacewar tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, guba, kamuwa da cuta.
- Guba. Ana kwatanta shi da tsananin amai da yaɗuwa yayin motsi.
A cikin wannan bidiyon zaku sami ƙarin bayani game da azabar na Tsakiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya:
Fashewar fashewar fashewar ko kuma fashewar abubuwa masu matuƙar haɗari ga dabbobi masu rarrafe. Zasu iya faruwa yayin fadowa ko daga cizo, alal misali, kare. Tsarin warkarwa yana dogara da tsananin rauni. Dole ne a lalata ɓangaren ɓarnar da aka lalata da hatimin don kada ƙwayoyin cuta su isa wurin. Ciumarin alli zai hanzarta warkarwa.
Idan kunkuru yana da herpes, ya kamata a ba shi kulawa ta musamman. Irin wannan kamuwa da cuta mafi yawa yakan haifar da mutuwar sanƙara.
Idan har yanzu kuna da sha'awar sayan irin wannan dabbar, to, yana da kyau kuyi wannan a cikin ƙwararrun wuraren kiwon dabbobi ko shagunan dabbobi. Zai fi kyau kar a sayi dabbobin da aka kama a cikin yanayin dabi'un da aka shigo da su cikin kasar ba bisa doka ba. Yawanci, irin waɗannan mutane suna da matsalolin kiwon lafiya.
Me yasa ya kasance Tsakanin Tsakiyar Asiya?
Wannan yakan faru ne idan iyaye basu da tabbacin cewa thatan su zasu iya kula da dabbobin gida masu buƙata, amma yana so ya basu dama su gwada kansu a matsayin ƙwararar samari.
Kiyaye dabbobi da kulawa da su yana da amfani sosai ga yara: yaro ya haɓaka nauyi, yana samun ra'ayi wanda ba zai yuwu ba.
Kunkuru da jariri
Yara suna da matukar sha'awar dakatar da wasa, da samun amincewa da ƙauna. Da mai rarrashi zai iya tantance danginsa kuma ya zabi wanda yafi so a tsakanin su. Yana son ƙauna, yana yarda da bugun jini. Ta hankali a hankali ya motsa motsi da juyayi da jijiyoyin rai da m.
Halin kunkuru ga mutane
Ana iya ciyar da kunkuru Tana magana da mutum tare da taimakon motsin jiki:
- Neman abinci, yana girgiza kansa ko ya ɗibar da kansa gaban,
- Scraps ta paws, ta nemi a sake ta don tafiya.
A tsawon lokaci, mai shi da mai gidan dabbobi suna fahimtar juna sosai ba tare da kalmomi ba. Dabba na iya buɗe kansa, gaishe ga aboki, bi abin da ya fi so a kusa da gidan ko kuma gida.
Ana iya bugun kunkuru
A cikin watanni masu zafi (a yanayin zafi sama da 20 ˚С) zaku iya tafiya tare da kunkuru a kan titi. Yana da ban sha'awa ganin yadda ta fara jefa ciyawa da jin daɗi.
Yakin bazara a kan Lawn
Kuma abin da aka saba da shi zai iya ba ku mamaki tare da sha’awarsa da ƙarfinsa.
Mahalli na dabi'a
A cikin daji, wata halitta ce mai haɗari. Ana samun rayuwa a arewacin India, Pakistan, Iran, a cikin yankin daga Afghanistan zuwa Kazakhstan.
Kunkuru a cikin wurin zama na halitta
Tana son ƙaura da hamada, amma tana son kwanciya cikin ruwa mai zurfin koguna da tafkuna. Yana ciyarwa a kan tsirrai mara ƙanƙara da kwari.
Hibernates kafin fari a farkon Yuni (bayan kwanciya qwai) kuma a cikin hunturu. Wannan lokacin yana ciyarwa cikin zurfin ciki har zuwa zurfin 2. Ya fi aiki a farkon lokacin bazara a lokacin tarawar. Tsammani na rayuwa shine shekaru 30-40, lokacin da yake girma koyaushe.
Yanayin tsarewa, zazzabi
Ibe ta Tsakiya ta Asiya ta Tsakiya, kamar kowane irin nau'in, tana tsoron tarkace. Ana ajiye su a cikin matsakaici-sized.
Kyakkyawan mahalli don kunkuru
Tabbatar yin amfani da fitilar incandescent da fitilar ultraviolet (ya danganta da 4 W kowace lita na terrarium) don haske da dumama.
An zubar da manyan pebbles da sawdust a ƙasan. Bai kamata a bar ƙananan abubuwa da duwatsun shiga cikin farfajiyar - za a hadiye su ba. Buƙatar gida ba tare da sasanninta masu kaifi ba (waɗanda aka sayar a shagunan dabbobi). Kuna iya barin waje don yawo a cikin wurin ɗumi a ƙarƙashin ido mai ƙare.
Zai fi kyau a kula da tsarin zafin jiki na yau da kullun: 25-28˚С. Wannan zai hana rashin hijabi a gida. In ba haka ba, ya kamata a nemi shawara daga likitan dabbobi kafin da bayan hurawa.
Abincin dabbobi
An ciyar dasu lokaci 1 cikin kwanaki 3 a lokaci guda tare da abinci na shuka (90%) da asalin dabbobi. A matsayin babban abincin, kunkuru kunkuru yana ba da cakuda sabo tare da abubuwan da ke tattare da su (ba duka lokaci ɗaya ba):
- Karas tare da fi, kabewa, zucchini, kararrawa kararrawa, kayan kwai,
- Letas, artichoke, chives,
- Abubuwan da ba a bayyana ba, bishiyar daji,
- Dandelion, fig, Clover, aloe, Kalanchoe, echinacea.
A cikin hunturu, ciyar da hay.
Ba za ku iya ba da abinci na iri ɗaya cikin ɗimbin yawa ba, yana da kyau ku bayar da waɗannan kayan haɗin daidai gwargwado!
- Larva na jini,
- Kayan kifi
- An bushe da abincin bitamin da aka sanya wa kunkuru,
- Banana, orange, mandarin, kankana, mango, kowane 'ya'yan itace mara amfani,
- Kankana, strawberries, shudi, shuki,
- Teku da kabeji talakawa, kokwamba, tumatir,
- Faski, seleri, namomin kaza, plantain,
- Tsarin sunflower mai kyau, fure mai hatsi ko sha'ir, yisti mai bushe.
M abinci wajibi ne don nika baki: rassan bishiyoyi 'ya'yan itace, Willow, Birch.
- Cherries, dankali, tafarnuwa, kayan yaji, albasa, alayyafo,
- Ggarna-kwai, ƙyashi, ciyayi, ƙaya, kyankyaso, kwari masu guba,
- Nama.
Matasa matasa ne kawai ke bayar da abincin tsirrai, a hankali yana ƙaruwa da abubuwan menu.
Siffofin Kulawa
Azabtarwa ta Asiya ta Tsakiya a gida ba ta niƙa tafin hannu da baki ba, don haka ana yin tazara da su sau 2-3. Da ake bukata kamannin: bayan yankan, dole ne a rufe baki a rufe.
Yin wanka da ƙyamar ta Tsakiya ta Asiya
1-2 sau a mako, kunkuru yana wanka. Ana sanya abin rarrabuwa a cikin kwandon shara tare da manyan taruka kuma an cika shi da furen chamomile ko ruwa. Ruwan ya kamata ya rufe wutsiyar, amma ba ya isa ga kafafen hancin. A cikin rabin awa, kunkuru ya ɗebo ruwa tare da fata da ƙoshin kumburin, ya ɓoye jijiyoyin. Wannan muhimmin aikin ya kamata ya faru a lokacin zazzabi na ruwa kimanin 30 ° C. Bayan an yi iyo, a goge abin shafa mai a bushe a sa a kwandon a ƙarƙashin fitilar.
Yin tafiya na yau da kullun a cikin yadi suna da mahimmanci ga lafiyar kunkuru. Amma ba za ku iya barin shi ba a kula ko a kusa da tsire-tsire masu guba. Dabba zai iya samun damar boyewa a cikin inuwa daga tsananin zafin rana.
Tabbatar da jima'i na kunkuru
Mace sun fi girma girma, amma suna da ɗan gajeren wutsiya.
Namiji da mace
Hakanan, a cikin mace, cesspool yana kama da alamar aski, kuma a cikin maza yana kama da tsiri. A cikin maza, saƙar yana da fadi a gindi kuma ya fi tsayi.
Kuna iya siyan ofan kunkuru cute ko dabbar gida a shagon sayar da dabbobi. Don wannan nau'in dabbobi, ba a buƙatar bincika keɓaɓɓen gandun daji.
Kuma ku tuna - muna da alhakin waɗanda suka yi sihiri!
Ground don kunnawa na Tsakiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya
Yana da mahimmanci a san abin da ya wajaba ga azabar ta Tsakiyar Asiya don ta ji kusan kamar tana da 'yanci. Matakan dabbobi masu rarrafe suna son tono. A cikin jirgin ruwa a kusurwa, zuba Layer na duniya tare da kwakwa. Ba'a yi amfani da yashi ba, ƙungiyar ta Asiya ta Tsakiya ta sami damar haɗiye ta kuma rufe gidan ta rufe. Dole ne kasar ta kasance danshi, layin ya zama santimita 10-15 cm domin maimaitawar halittar ta iya haƙa shi. A cikin kunkuru a cikin kusurwa mai dumi, zuba pebbles, saka duwatsu masu lebur. Suna taimakawa dabbobi masu rarrafe ke niƙa. Kari akan haka, kunkuru suna kaunar hawa dutsen da kwanduna a karkashin wutar fitila.
Fitila don kunna ƙungiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya
Baya ga dumama, ƙasar Asiya ta Tsana ta buƙaci ƙarar UV a gida. Don yin wannan, 10% UVB tsiran kwararan fitila da aka inganta, ba sa fitar da zafi a cikin terrarium, amma suna ba da shi tare da hasken ultraviolet. Hasken UV yana da mahimmanci don samar da bitamin D3 da kuma ɗaukar alli ta jiki, wanda ƙarfin murfin ya dogara. An sanya fitilar a matakin kusan cm 25. Lokaci da aka yarda da aikin sa shine 5-12 a rana.
Kulawa da Tsarin Asiya ta Tsakiya a gida
Don kiyaye daidaituwar ruwa, kunkuru na tsakiyar Asiya yana buƙatar wanka sau ɗaya a mako. Don yin wannan, cika wanka da ruwa mai ɗumi 25 ° C zuwa matakin 5-7 cm, kawai tare da wuyan mai rarrafe. Kunkuru yana nutsuwa a ciki na tsawon mintuna 15-30, wanda a lokacin yana sha yana sha danshi ta hanyar fata. Hanyar ta sake daidaita ma'aunin ruwa-gishiri na jiki, yana inganta aikin hanji. A cikin wanka, da ɗan maɗaukaki na farko flounders, to, freezes blissfully, sha ruwa, defcates. Sannan an wanke kowane mutum, ana buƙatar cire shi lokacin da kanta ta yi ƙoƙarin barin tanki.
Wani lokacin ijahar ta nemi ɓoye - ƙi abinci, ta nuna sassauci. Tsarin yana cutarwa a gareta, wanda ya haifar da daidaiton yanayin zazzabi tare da na halitta. Tsarin kunar bakin Asiya ta Tsakiya da ke zama cikin bauta bai kamata ya sanya hibernate ba, in ba haka ba yana iya farkawa ya fara rashin lafiya. Don hana hunturu, kuna buƙatar ƙara yawan zafin jiki a cikin farfajiyar, ƙara yawan lokacin wanka.
Azabtarwa ta Asiya ta Tsakiya - kiwo a kamun
Landasar Ruwa ta Tsakiya ta Asiya, ana kula da ita ana kulawa da ita a gida, har ta kai ga balagar jima'i yana da shekaru 5-6. Don kiwo, kuna buƙatar mafi karancin mutane biyu - namiji da mace. Kowane mutum ya yi aure, farawa a watan Fabrairu, tsawon lokacin haila watanni 2 ne. Bayan haka, a watan Afrilu-Yuli, mace ta sanya ƙwai 2-6 a cikin ƙasa mai laima. A lokacin kakar, tana iya yin cuku-cuku 2-3 a cikin ramuka.
Shiryawa zai wuce kwanaki 60-65, kunkuru sau 3-5 cm cikin girman ƙyallen a watan Agusta-Oktoba. Wani lokaci sukan kasance cikin hunturu a cikin ƙasa, suna zuwa haske kawai a cikin bazara. Lokacin haihuwa, kwayar gwaiduwa yana bayyane a cikin kunkuru, an sake dawo da shi bayan kwanaki 2-4, bayan haka jariran sun fara ci. Kuna buƙatar ciyar da su da abincin tsirrai masu taushi, yin wanka kullun, a cikin watanni 2-3 kuna iya canja wurin su zuwa ga daidaitaccen abincin.
Yaya za a tantance jinsi na mbewar Tsakiyar Asiya?
Maza manya sun fi kowace mace girma, na farko su ne 13-20 cm a girma, na biyun kuma su ne 20-23 cm a girma Ba wuya a iya bambance saurayi daga budurwa a waje, ana iya lura da bambanci tsakanin su da shekaru 2-5 amma da girman harsashi na 9-11 cm. Ta yaya mutum zai iya tantance jima'i kunar bakin wake na yankin tsakiyar Asiya:
- A cikin maza, jela ya fi tsayi kuma ya fadi a gindi. An ga haƙoran haƙora a kan plastron kusa da tushe. Cesspool is located gaba da wutsiya.
- A cikin mata, plastron lebur ne, wutsiya tayi gajarta, ba tare da kauri ba saboda ƙirar oviduct. Cloac yana bayyane kusa da ƙarshen tafiyar.
Cututtuka na kunkuru na Tsakiyar Asiya
A cikin yanayi mai kyau, masu dabbobi masu rarrafe kan rayu shekaru da yawa, amma kuma suna iya yin sarewar. Ikwu na Tsakiya na Asiya - wataƙila cututtukan:
- Rickets. Kowane mutum yayi laushi kuma ya lalata murfin da kasusuwa, fashewar ta faru. Matsalar ita ce karancin bitamin D3 da alli, karancin haske. Dole ne a gabatar da abubuwa masu ma'adinai a cikin abincin abincin mai rarrafe, a ninka sa'o'in hasken rana a ƙarƙashin fitilar UV, da wuri a rana. Wajibi ne a sanya sinadarin alli a karkashin fata.
- Bazuwar. Dalilin shine raunin da kuma kwari, wanda aka bayyana ta hanyar edema, ƙurji, ƙwancen nama. An buɗe wurin ƙashin ƙwararrun likitan dabbobi, an wanke shi tare da hydrogen peroxide, an lubricated tare da maganin maganin antiseptik, ana iya buƙatar maganin rigakafi.
- Naman gwari. Dige-dige da peeling suna bayyana akan kwalin. Yankunan da aka shafa suna shafawa tare da maganin shafawa antifungal.
- Namoniya. Yana faruwa saboda wani daftarin, tafiya akan bene mai sanyi. M numfashi mai ƙarfi yana bayyana a cikin iska mai rarrafe, gamsai a cikin huhun bakin, ruwa mai gudana yana gudana daga hanci. Hanyar maganin rigakafi wajibi ne na kwanaki 5 (amikacin 5 MG, baytril 5 MG kowace kilogiram na nauyin jiki).
- Rhinitis, sinusitis. Fitsarin mucous yana fitowa daga hanci, mutum yana yin aiki da hankali. Sanya dabbar a daddafe, a matse sinuses daga sirinji tare da chlorhexidine, gishiri a teku.
- Cutar mahaifa. An lura da kumburi da redness na ƙusoshin ido, rashin lafiyar tana faruwa ne ta hanyar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta. Hanya na maganin ya hada da maganin shafawa (tetracycline), maganin rigakafi.
Habitat
Ana samun mafi yawan 'yan bindigar tsakiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya a Asiya ta Tsakiya. Wurin zama mazauna ne daga China zuwa Uzbekistan. Kuna iya haɗuwa da waɗannan jariran a kan tudu ta ƙasa kusa da kandami a cikin ciyawa mai girma. Kodayake ƙasa mai yashi kuma tana zama gida ga waɗannan dabbobin.
Urturtaye suna rayuwa a cikin ƙaƙƙarfan rami, amma akwai lokutan sasantawa a cikin gidajen da wani ya rigaya ya zauna. Mafi yawan lokuta wannan yakan faru ne yayin yanayin bazara, lokacin da dabbar ba ta iya tona rami ba, wannan gaskiyar tana sa kunkuru ya nemi mafaka wanda wani ya hore. Yankin Azabtarwa na Asiya ta Tsakiya an jera shi a cikin littafin Red a matsayin jinsin da ke cikin hadari.
Bayyanar
Toan wasan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaho yana da ɗan ƙarami, sifa mai zagaye, shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da kasancewar wurare marasa duhu na zubin duhu. An rarraba Carapax zuwa sikandire goma sha uku na nau'in ƙaho tare da tsagi, kuma yana da plastron goma sha shida. Garkuwa na ƙullon jirgin yana wakiltar garkuwa 25.
Abin ban sha'awa ne! Dayyade shekarun da ke tsakanin Jirgin ruwan Asiya ta Tsakiya abu ne mai sauqi. Kamar adadin zobba na shekara-shekara akan sare bishiya, kowane ɗayan garkuwa goma sha uku akan ƙungiyar yana da tsagi, adadin wanda yayi daidai da kunkuru.
Matsakaicin tsayi na kunkuru mai wuya ya wuce mita kwata. Mace ta hanyar jima'i, a matsayinka na doka, sun fi maza girma girma. Legsafafun kafafun yatsun tsakiya na tsakiyar Asiya ana saninsa ta kasancewar yatsunsu huɗu. A kan bangaren jikin mace-mace na kafaffun kafaffun kafaɗun gabbai suna kama da ƙaho mai nau'in ƙaho. Mace na yin balaguro tun yana ɗan shekara goma, kuma maza sun shirya yin haihuwar shekaru huɗu da suka gabata.
Rayuwa da halaye
Taurtan Asiya na Tsakiya a cikin yankinsu na halitta yawanci suna hibernate sau biyu a shekara - a cikin hunturu da kuma lokacin zafi. Kafin sanya farashi, kunkuru ya haƙa rami don kansa, zurfin abin da ya kai mita biyu. A cikin zaman talala, irin waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe suna da wuya su sa hibernate.
Kunkuru ya kasance cikin rukuni na dabbobi masu rarrafe waɗanda ke jagorantar rayuwa mai kaɗaici, sabili da haka, sun sami damar neman al societyummomin irinsu na musamman lokacin lokacin balaga ko lokacin hunturu. A dabi'a, a kusan Maris ko Afrilu, kunkuru ya fara fitowa daga yanayin ɓarkewa, daga nan ne suka fara aiwatar da aikin kiwo.
Tsawon rayuwa
Toyasar Tsakiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya tana ɗaya daga cikin mashahuran dabbobin gida a cikin ƙasarmu, suna rayuwa cikin yanayi na gida da na gida na kusan rabin ƙarni. Wani nau'in nau'in wannan kunkuru shine adana matakai na ci gaba na rayuwa cikin rayuwa. Matsalar yanayin tsaro, matsalolin kiwon lafiya suna da matukar wuya.
Kulawar bazara
Jirgin ruwan tsakiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya yana da kariya ta kwasfa daga yanayin, sabili da haka, idan kuna da damar gina filin jirgin sama a cikin gidan rani, wannan zai zama mafi kyawun yanayin don adana dabbobinku. Kunkuru zai yi farin cikin tono ƙasa a cikin ramin da aka sanya masa, kuma ya motsa tare da saurin tunani ba ta hanyar sarari da aka sanya shi ba.
Yankin da ya kamata ya zama ba zai zama ƙasa da mita 1.5x1.5 ba ta girma, tuna - mafi sararin samaniya, mafi farin cikin dabbar dabbar zai kasance. Doauka da yawa, ba shakka, ba shi da daraja a gare shi, amma a cikin iyakataccen iyaka, gwargwadon ikon da ya kamata ya kamata a ajiye shi don aviary. Ya kamata a rufe shinge ta shinge, duka a zurfi kuma tsayi daga shinge ya zama aƙalla 30 cm.
Tuna! Dabbobinku na son yin tono ƙasa, don haka zurfafa shinge a cikin ƙasa da aƙalla 30 cm saboda kunkuru bai gudu ba.
Tabbatar samun ruwa a cikin aviary.
Dangane da lura da shayarwa na shayarwa, wurin da aka fi so don tono a kunkuru ya kasance a kusurwar aviary. Sabili da haka, zai zama mai kyau a sanya manyan katako a cikin sasanninta, wannan kuma zai kare dabbar ku daga tserewa ba da niyya ba.
Harkar tono tana zama mai aiki idan dare yayi sanyi. Urtwayoyin suna ƙoƙarin ɓoyewa daga cikin jirgin ƙasa mai sanyi kuma sun fara hano matsugunansu. Kuna iya gujewa wannan ta hanyar haƙa gidaje don dabbobinku a gaba.
Tun da kunar bakin Tsakiyar Asiya ta zama ƙasa mai rarrafe, ya fi sauƙi a kula da shi fiye da kunkuru na teku. Kuna iya ɗauka tare da ku yayin tafiya a cikin kwalin ko akwati na musamman. Hakanan, irin kunkuru suna da matsayin abinci sosai.
Shirya wurin
Dabba ya dace da gilashin fili, katako ko terrarium filastik, tare da yiwuwar motsi kyauta. Girman terrarium aƙalla rabin mita ne a tsayinsa da rabin mita a faɗi, watakila ya fi girma. Ya kamata kasan an rufe shi da pebbles mara kyau ko ƙasa ta musamman don dabbobi masu rarrafe (ya ƙunshi yumɓu mai laushi da yashi mai laushi tare da ƙananan duwatsu), ana iya siye shi a gidan sayar da dabbobi.
Terrarium don ƙyallen ƙasa
Bugu da kari, zaku iya sa kasa tare da busassun sawdust, hay da slivers. A cikin terrarium, kuna buƙatar sanya gida, fitilar ultraviolet, fitilar incandescent, mai ciyarwa, ma'aunin zafi. Fitilar ultraviolet tana ba da hasken da suke karɓa a cikin yanayi daga hasken rana.
Suna samun alli da Vitamin D daga fitilar UV.
Sanya shi a tsawo na 30 cm daga dabbar.
Babban fitilar incandescent shine asalin tushen zafi a cikin terrarium. Tare da rashin zafi, dabba na iya fuskantar matsaloli tare da jijiyoyin cikin, abincin da ke ciki zai lalace kuma dabbar za ta iya yin rashin lafiya. Saboda haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a kula da yawan zafin jiki na 25-30 ° C.
Za'a iya daidaita zazzabi ta hanyar maye gurbin kwararan fitila (daga mafi ƙarfi zuwa rauni da kuma mataimakin shi).
Hakanan yana da kyau a guji zane-zane, kamar yadda dabbobi masu rarrafe ba su saba da sanyin jiki da sauri cikin rashin lafiya ba.
Ba za a iya kiyaye shi a ƙasa ba tare da murjani ko aviary, wannan mummunan rashin lafiyar ce ga lafiyar ta
Abinci & Ciyarwa
Ya kamata a ciyar da Asiya ta Tsakiya da abinci iri-iri. Fresh ganye ko bushe ganye.
Saka abinci a ƙasa ba da shawarar ba - ba da shawarar mai amfani
- Dandelion.
- Plantain.
- Burdock.
- Rhubarb.
- Harshen Chamomile.
- Clover.
- Zobo.
- Timothawus ciyawa.
- Oregano.
- Aloe.
- Yankin.
- Petunia.
Bugu da kari, zaku iya bayar da abincinku wanda aka shuka tare da alkama, sha'ir, gero, gyada, masara, sunflower. Kuna iya ba dabba da rassan tsire-tsire masu 'ya'yan itace: pears, cherries, apple apple. Hakanan, dabbobi masu rarrafe ba zasu daina hay ba.
Abincin bitamin, wanda aka gabatar a cikin babban ɗakunan ajiya na kantunan dabbobi, shima ya dace. Amma yana da kyau kada a zalunce su.
Ya isa ku ciyar da dabbobinku tare da hadaddun bitamin sau ɗaya a mako. Wane irin abinci ne bai dace da ciyarwa ba?
Duk wani abincin ɗan adam:
- Nama.
- Kifi.
- Kayayyakin madara.
- Kifin Abinci.
- Gurasa.
- Qwai.
- Abincin da aka shirya don wasu dabbobi (kuliyoyi, karnuka, aku).
Matasa kunkuru suna buƙatar ciyar da kullun.
Twararrun kunkuru suna cin abinci sau ɗaya a kowane biyu zuwa kwana uku.
Yin wanka
Ya kamata a yi wanka da dabbobi masu rarrafe sau ɗaya a mako. Ya kamata ruwa ya zama mai ɗumi, amma ba zafi, kimanin 30 - 40 ° C. Ba kwa bu toatar kuran sarari tare da gogewa, saboda wannan na iya cutar faranti na ƙaho ko ma ya lalata ƙirar. Idan kuna amfani da sabulu don wanka gidan dabbobi, to ya kamata ya zama hypoallergenic.
Kafin wanka, tara tare da kwano da buroshi, soso, ko rama.
Hakanan, kar ku zagi shi - sau biyu a wata ya isa.
Hanyoyin ruwa ba zai wuce minti 30 zuwa 35 ba.
Bayan wanka, goge dabbar ku da tawul ɗin takarda mai bushe ko zane mai laushi. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa lokacin wanka, dabbar za ta cika ma'aunin ruwan-gishiri.
Mai sake dubawa
Duk da ci gaban ci gaban sel kwakwalwa, yayin aiwatar da gwaji don hankali, kunkuru ya nuna kyakkyawan sakamako. Kamar yadda al'adar ta nuna, Jirgin Asiya na Tsakiya yana da sauƙin koya kuma har ma yana iya samun wata hanya ta rashin lalacewa mai wahala, kuma ya sami wuri don dumama da abinci. Dangane da wannan, kunkuru yana da girma a cikin hankali ga duk macizai da aka gwada.
Sharuɗɗan kiyaye tsintsiyar tsakiyar Asiya yana da sauƙi, don haka irin wannan dabbar da ke da cikakkiyar lafiya har ma ga yara. Abun janjamau na wannan nau'in yana son binne kansa a cikin ƙasa, saboda haka kuna buƙatar samar da isasshen tsayi a cikin ƙasa ko akwatin kifaye. Za'a iya amfani da yashi, peat ko kwakwa a matsayin magudanar dabbobi.
Kamar yadda al'adar ta nuna, yin amfani da yashin kogin mai tsabta kamar gado ne wanda ba a so. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da wannan dalilin gaurayawar na musamman, wanda yashi ya haɗa da kwakwalwan peat ko ƙasa.
A cikin farfajiyar, wasu manyan duwatsu masu fadi da na lebur suna kama da na asali, waɗanda ke da matuƙar taimaka wa ƙungiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya da yanke abin da take amfani da ita kuma ana iya amfani da ita azaman tsabta don bayar da abinci. Yarda da tsarin kulawa yana ba da damar dabbar dabbar da ta zauna shekaru da yawa.
Yin hulɗa tare da wasu dabbobi
Kuna iya farawa Asiya ta Tsakiya lafiya, idan kuna da kuliyoyi da karnuka a cikin gidanka. Yawancin lokaci suna samun daidaito sosai. A kare, a matsayin mai mulkin, yakan saci wanda ba a san shi ba, kuma yasan cewa dabba mai rarrafe ba ta da kyan gani, zai bar ta.
Cats, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba su kula da su, amma wani lokacin suna jin tsoron su.
Urtarin kunkuru na dabam dabam ya kamata a adana su a allon alkalami daban-daban.
A ƙarshe, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa kunkuru dabbar dabbar ce da ba ta buƙatar kulawa ta musamman daga masu shi, don haka zai zama kyakkyawan zaɓi ga dabbar farko ga ɗanka.
Tarfafa tsakiyar Asiya shine mai ban sha'awa, kodayake ba dabbar dabbobi ba ce.
Hakanan, mai rarrafe ya dace wa mutanen da ke aiki da son dabbobi. Amma ba su da isasshen lokacin da za su kula da dabbar. Wanne yana buƙatar ƙarin kulawa.
Abinci da abin sha
Kyakyawan kula da mbewar Asiya ta Tsakiya ta haifar da ciyarwar da ta dace. Specificayyadaddun abubuwa ya dogara da shekarun abincin dabbobi. Misali, ya kamata a ciyar da jarirai kullun. Manya (tsayi> santimita 10) - sau uku a mako. Girman yanki daidai yake da rabin girman harsashi. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a zuba abinci kai tsaye a cikin mai sha don kada dabbar ta hadiye wani ƙasa da gangan.
Ciyar da dan Asiya ya kamata da farko bambanta. Babban adadin abincin abincin shine abincin shuka da ganye. Kusan 15% kayan lambu ne. Kimanin 5% na menu 'ya'yan itace ne. Haramun ne a ciyar da naman kunkuru da kayayyakin kiwo, kifi, burodi, qwai.
Ciyar da kuma kula da kunkuru a cikin hunturu zai bambanta: 75% na abincinsa ya kamata a steamed hay, sauran kuma su kasance 'ya'yan itace da kayan marmari.
Hakanan, kunkuru mai ƙasa yana buƙatar wadatar da jiki tare da bitamin da ma'adanai. Tare da abinci mai daidaitawa, mai rarrafe zai karɓi duk abubuwan da yake buƙata daga samfuran halitta, amma wani lokacin kuna iya buƙatar sayan hadaddun bitamin. Dole ne a ɗauka sosai a cikin adadin da umarnin da aka umurce shi sosai, in ba haka ba akwai haɗarin hypervitaminosis.
Yawancin masu Asiya suna da sha'awar yadda tsarin shaye-shaye a cikin waɗannan dabbobin ke faruwa. Yawancin masanan da basu da masaniya suna shigar da masu shaye-shaye na musamman a farfajiyar, kuma dabbar za ta qi sha daga gare su.
Haƙiƙar ita ce cewa wannan nau'in maraƙin yana karɓar adadin danshi wanda yakamata daga abinci da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa. Turta Landurtukan ƙasa suna ƙaunar abinci mai kyau da abinci mai ɗorewa: galibi, haka ne, suna sake cika ɗimin danshi a yanayi.
Amma, a Bugu da kari, diyanku na iya sake cika ruwa da taimakon wanka. Hakanan hanyoyin ruwa suna da amfani daga ra'ayin tsabta, saboda haka masana da yawa suna ba da shawara cewa a yi su sau da yawa a mako don mintina 40. Don haka, kun haɗu kula da kunkuru na Asiya tare da ita shayar a lokaci guda.
Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar zuba ruwa mai yawa a cikin karamin kwari domin ya rufe kusan 70% na tsintsinƙen ku. Wajibi ne don zafi ruwa har zuwa 32 ℃. Idan mai rarrafe ya fara zubar da ruwa yayin shan wanka, kar kayi mamaki - waɗannan sune abubuwan jikinsu. Kawai maye gurbin ruwan.
Lokacin kiyaye kunkuru na tsakiyar Asiya a gida, yakamata a bi ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodin:
- Wajibi ne terrarium ya kasance a cikin ƙasa kanta, wanda ya ƙunshi manyan pebbles, kwakwalwan katako, hay ko sawdust.
- Tilas terrarium ya kasance yana da gida da wurin saukar da abinci.
- Lokacin shirya terrarium, ya zama dole a riƙe fitilar incandescent tare da ƙarfin arba'in da sittin sittin don kiyaye mai jan wuta. Tushen hasken wucin gadi yana da matukar mahimmanci ga azabtar ta Asiya ta Tsakiya, tunda zafi yana taimakawa ci gaban hanyoyin halitta a jikin dabbar. Idan babu dumama a waje a cikin dabba, metabolism sai kara tabarbarewa yake, abincin ya fara jujjuya shi a ciki, bayan haka ma mai rarrafe zai iya samun matsalolin gastrointestinal. Zazzabi a cikin gidan mai rarrafe ya kasance daga digiri ashirin da hudu zuwa ashirin da shida a kusurwa mai sanyi, da dumama (karkashin fitilar) - daga talatin zuwa talatin da uku.
- Duk wani cututtukan hypothermia da ke haifar da sanyaya cikin terrarium na iya haifar da sanyi a cikin dabbobi masu rarrafe.
- Don kunkuru ya aminta da sinadaran bitamin, alli da abubuwanda suka wajaba don rayuwa, an bada shawarar shigar da fitilar ultraviolet ta musamman saman terrarium, wanda yakamata ya kasance a nesa da santin-ashirin da biyar daga kunkuru.
- A cikin ɗayan sasanninta kyauta na ɗakin da kunkuru ke ciki, ya kamata a sami madaidaicin corral. Wannan saboda gaskiyar cewa kunkuru sun fi son samun mafaka kuma domin mai rarrafe ya sami jin daɗi, an ba da shawarar sanya fitilar dumama kusa da ganuwar wannan alkalami.
- Kiyaye tsintsiyar tsakiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya a kasa an haramta shi. An yarda da wannan ne kawai a lokuta inda fren alkalami na dabbobi masu rarrafe ya kan bene mai dumi, ba tare da saukar zafin jiki ba kuma ba tare da mahimmin zane ba.
- Wanke jan tabarau ya zama dole a cikin ruwan dumi sau ɗaya kowane mako. Zazzabi da aka ba da shawarar ya kasance daga digiri talatin zuwa talatin da biyar, kuma tsayin ruwan ya kai matakin dabbar dabba (kusan kashi biyu bisa uku na tsayin dabbar).
Babban makiya
Amma niyya mutane na yin sanadi da wadannan dabbobi marasa lahani suma sun shafi adadin kunkuru. A ƙasar Turkmenistan, tsakanin wani ɓangare na yawan jama'a, akwai imani cewa kunkuru shine dabba mafi ƙeta. Wannan imani ya kasance tare da dakatar da taba kunkuru. A yau an haɗe shi da taurin kai na yara masu lalata waɗannan abubuwan jinkirin. A Uzbekistan, asalin kunkuru yana da alaƙa a cikin labarin tare da ɗan kasuwa mai sihiri. Ya kunyata masu siyarwa da rashin kunya da rokon Allah. Allah ya yi fushi, ya dauki dunƙule biyu na ma'auni, wanda ɗan kasuwa bai auna gari ba, kuma ya sari mai zage-zage tare da su. "Ko da yaushe za ku riƙa ɗaukar wannan abin kunya a kanku," in ji Allah. Tsakanin sikelin mai siyar, kawai shugaban sa da wata gabar sa sun kasance mai danko, ya juya ya zama kunkuru. Dole ne a ɗauka cewa irin wannan tatsuniyar ba ta ba da gudummawa ga takaitaccen halin mutane don kunkuru. Hakanan, dimbin kunkuru ya mutu daga ƙafafun dabbobi dabbobi masu artetactyl da tsuntsayen ganima.