Eublefar (lat. Eublepharis macularius) ko tabo damisa eublefar babban gecko ne, wanda aka shahara sosai tsakanin masu son dabbobi.
Abu ne mai sauki mu kula da shi, yana da kwanciyar hankali, zai iya zama a ƙaramin farfaɗo, yana da sauƙin kiwo, kuma har ma an sami bambancin launuka daban-daban. Ba abin mamaki ba ne ya shahara sosai.
Daga labarin za ku san inda ya fito, yadda za a kula da shi, waɗanne yanayi ake buƙata don tabbatarwarsa.
Rayuwa cikin yanayi
Leasar haihuwar damisa, dutse ce mai bushe, busasshiyar ƙasa da hamada a Afghanistan, Pakistan, arewa maso yammacin Indiya da kuma wasu sassan Iran.
A cikin hunturu, zazzabi a can ya faɗi ƙasa da 10 ° C, wanda ya sa dabbobi su zama adadi (hypobiosis) kuma su rayu saboda yawan kitse.
Wannan mazaunin birni ne, yana aiki sosai da yamma da asuba, lokacin zazzabi ya fi dacewa. Kadai, a cikin yanayin suna zaune a ƙasarsu.
Dimbobi da Rayuwa ta Zamani
Maza sun kai cm 25-30, mace tana da ƙarami, kusan cm 20. Suna rayuwa tsawon rai, a matsakaita zaku iya tsammanin diyanku zai iya rayuwa kimanin shekaru 10, kodayake maza da yawa suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 20.
Ga gecko ɗaya ko biyu, lita 50 ya isa. Tabbas, girman girma zai zama mafi kyau kawai, musamman idan kun shirya yadda kuke asali.
Gilashin murfin kan terrarium ba za a iya saita shi ba, tun da eublefars ba su da ikon hawa kan shimfidar wurare masu santsi, suna da kofuna waɗanda ba su bushe ba a ƙafafunsu kamar sauran nau'ikan geckos.
Koyaya, idan kuna da karnuka da karnuka a gida, zai fi kyau a rufe filayen, tunda suna haifar da haɗari ga Geckos.
Da kyau, kar ku manta cewa crickets da sauran kwari ma suna iya tserewa daga gare ta, kuma da wuya ku buƙace su a cikin gidan.
Fewan maturean mata da suka manyanta suna yin jima'i sosai (idan sun yi daidai da girman su), amma maza sun yi pugnacious kuma za su yi yaƙi.
Namiji da mata da yawa ma suna iyawa, amma zai fi kyau kada ku riƙe su gaba ɗaya har sai sun kai ga girman jima'i (kimanin gram 45 ne ga mace da namiji).
Idan kun sami wasu ma'aurata matasa, kuma kuyi shirin kiyaye su, to zai fi kyau ku girma dabam.
Maza suna girma da sauri, kuma sun fi girma ga mace, musamman idan kuna girma tare. Namijin da ya fi girma girma yana da aiki da ƙarfi, yakan ci sauri, sau da yawa yakan karɓi abinci daga mace, ko kuma kawai ya ba ta tsoro.
Additionari ga haka, ya kasance ya manyanta na jima'i kuma ya fara aure da mace wacce ba a shirye take ba.
Matan da ke yin nauyin gram 25-30 galibi suna sanya qwai, amma har yanzu sun yi kankanta. Wannan yana gajarta rayuwar su, yana da matukar damuwa kuma yana rage yiwuwar hakan.
Idan kuna girma mace da yawa tare, ku tuna cewa wani lokaci ɗayansu yana girma da sauri, kuma yana iya ɗaukar abinci daga kayan.
Idan masu girma dabam suna da banbanci sosai, to zai fi kyau dasa su a wurare daban daban.
Priming
An fi barin ƙananan yara a kan takarda a fili, aƙalla har sai sun yi tsawon 10-12 cm.
Eoplefars suna aiki sosai yayin ciyarwa, kuma galibi suna iya hadiye ƙasa yayin kama kwari.
Kuma a cikin ƙananan yara wannan yana haifar da matsalolin narkewa har ma da mutuwa, tun da ƙwayar hanjinsu ya fi kunkuntar fiye da na manya. Koyaya, zaku iya ciyar da su a cikin akwati daban, kamar yadda yake cikin bidiyon da ke ƙasa.
Game da yashi ga manya, a nan ra'ayoyin sun rarrabu, wasu ma suna dauke geckos cikin yashi, wasu sun ce yana da haɗari.
A bayyane yake, batun shine girman hatsi na yashi, yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da yashi mai kyau, 0.5 mm ko .asa. Amma, idan har yanzu kuna jin tsoron lafiyar, to, ɓawon burodi, gansakuka, katako na musamman da takarda sun dace sosai.
Zafi
Duk dabbobi masu rarrafe suna buƙatar yanayin da zai basu damar zaɓar wurare tare da yanayin zafi ko ƙasa.
A wani lokaci tsofaffin maganganunku zasu so su dumama kansu, a wani lokacin suyi sanyi. Mafi kyawun zaɓi a gare su shine ƙananan dumama tare da mat ɗin ɗamara.
Dole ne ya kasance a cikin wannan kusurwa ɗaya na terrarium, don ƙirƙirar ɗanɗanar zafin jiki.
Zazzabi a cikin kusurwa mai dumi kusan 28-32 ° C, kuma idan da dare bai faɗi ƙasa da 22 ° C ba, to ana iya kashe dumama. Tabbas ya zama dole don sarrafa zafin jiki tare da taimakon ma'aunin zafi biyu a cikin kusurwoyi mabambanta. Sanyaya, har da zafi mai zafi, yana cike da cututtuka.
Ana sayar da duwatsun mai zafi ko wasu hanyoyin zafi a gidajen sayar da dabbobi, duk da haka, bai kamata ku siya su ba. Basu daidaitawa ba, baza ku iya sarrafa zafin jiki ba, kuma ga dabba, zasu iya haifar da ƙonewa.
Haske
Cutar damuka damisa ba ta aiki yayin rana kuma ba sa bukatar fitilun dumama ko fitilar UV.
Sun fi son ɓoyewa a cikin maɓallin duhu yayin rana kuma haske mai haske a gare su shine tushen damuwa. Wasu masu, sunyi amfani da fitilu masu haske, sun kawo geckos ɗin su a cikin jihar da suka ƙi abinci kuma suka mutu.
Yi amfani da dim, dumin haske da dumama dumama. Karka yi amfani da fitilu masu haske, kuma amfani da fitilar UV kawai don magani.
Mazauna
Suna aiki a yamma kuma cikin yanayi suna ɓoye a ƙarƙashin duwatsu da sagagi yayin rana. Don haka ana buƙatar mafaka a cikin terrarium. Zai iya zama abubuwa iri-iri: akwatinan kwali, tukwane, mafaka, dabbobin kwakwa, amma komai.
Babban abu shine cewa yakamata ya kasance mai isa sosai. A cikin farfajiyar, yana da kyau a shirya mafaka da yawa, ɗaya a kusurwa mai dumi, ɗayan a cikin sanyi.
Don haka gecko zai iya zaɓar zafin jiki da yake buƙata. Bugu da kari, ana buƙatar ɗakunan da ake kira rigar don molting.
Wet jam'iyya
Kamar dukkan dabbobi masu rarrafe, damisa geckos molt. Sau da yawa wannan yakan faru ya dogara da shekaru da girma, yara kanana molt sau da yawa fiye da manya.
Gaskiyar cewa gecko ɗinku zai yi molt, zaku koya ta canza launinta.
Ya zama paler, ya yi fari, fata yana farawa da kwasfa.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, masifaffen ya ci fatar jikinsu kai tsaye bayan ya yi wutan, saboda haka ba za ka iya ganin wannan ba.
Suna yin haka ne saboda dalilai biyu: na farko, don shafan abubuwan gina jiki da ke ciki, da kuma na biyu, saboda magabantan basu gano asalin kasancewar su ba.
Yawancin lokaci, suna yin molt sauƙi, amma wani lokacin matsaloli suna faruwa, musamman idan gumi bai isa ba.
Tabbatar duba dabbobinku bayan molting! Gaskiya ne gaskiya ga yatsunsu, tunda galibi fata yakan zauna akansu, kuma yayin da gecko ke girma, yana fara matse su. A hankali, yatsa ya mutu.
Ba shi da ban tsoro, yawanci komai yana warkarwa, amma ina tsammanin da yatsunsu ya fi nishaɗi fiye da ba tare da su ba ...
Don cire wannan fata, saka shi cikin akwati cike da rigar, takarda mai dumi da murfi. Bayan mintuna 30, babban zafi zai tausayar da fata, kuma zaku iya cire shi da auduga.
Idan wannan baya aiki cikin sauƙi, to dasa shi zuwa wani minti 30.
Yankin da yake rigar gida kawai shine mafaka wanda akwai daskararren yalwa - gansakuka, ƙamshi, sinadarai.
Mutane suna son zama a ciki, ko da ba su ƙuda ba. Hakanan, wannan na iya zama kowane abu, alal misali, kwandon filastik, ba ma'anar ba.
Ruwa da gumi
Eublefaras sun fito ne daga yanayin bushewa, amma suna buƙatar ruwa da gumi. Suna shan ruwa, suna kwance harsunansu, saboda haka zaku iya sa mai sauƙin sha. Babban abu shine lura da ingancin ruwa a ciki, hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta.
Danshi a cikin terrarium yakamata ya kasance a matakin 40-50% kuma dole ne a kiyaye shi ta hanyar fesa terrarium daga bindigar feshin.
Musamman idan baka da rigar daki, in ba haka ba za a sami matsaloli da molting. Kuna buƙatar saka idanu da zafi tare da hygrometer na yau da kullun, wanda zaku iya sayan kantin sayar da dabbobi.
Ciyar da abinci
Suna cin abinci na musamman - kwari, kuma basa cin 'ya'yan itace da kayan marmari.
Zai fi kyau bayar da crickets da tsutsotsi na gari, amma zaka iya kuma zakara da zofobas. Wani lokaci zaku iya ba mice tsirara, amma a kullun, tunda suna da abinci mai gina jiki.
Musamman mice ya kamata a bai wa mata yayin haihuwa da bayan kwanciya ƙwai, don yin asarar makamashi.
An lura cewa sau da yawa mace ta ƙi su yayin daukar ciki, amma ku ci da haɗama bayan, sau biyu ko uku, kamuwa da cuta.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a bayar da kayan maye musamman ga dabbobi masu rarrafe tare da kwari, wanda ke dauke da bitamin da ma'adanai.
Kwayoyin suna ko dai a yayyafa su tare, ko a cikin kwantena tare da ƙari na ɗan lokaci.
Yi la'akari da fa'idodi da dabaru na ciyar da crickets da tsutsotsi na gari:
Crickets
- Aiki, motsa geckos don farauta.
- Sun ƙunshi ƙarin furotin, alli, bitamin fiye da tsutsotsin gari.
- Chitin na bakin ciki ne, mai sauqi ne
- Suna buƙatar kulawa, shayarwa ko ciyar da su.
- Ba a ci baƙin ciki geckos rarrafe a kansu.
- Sau da yawa ku ci feces na geckos, suna zama daskararrun abubuwa masu kamuwa da kwari.
- Wajibi ne a tabbata cewa an cinye su duka, don kama wuce haddi.
- Suna taushi.
- Suna iya tserewa.
- Damuwa
Tsutsa tsutsotsi
Bayan:
- M, ba zai iya tserewa ba.
- Saya kuma manta, zauna a cikin firiji don makonni.
- Kada ku gudu ku ci sama kamar yadda ake tsammani gecko, kada ku sa masa haushi.
- Kuna iya barin cikin farfajiyar, kuma ƙara sababbi kawai kamar yadda suke ɓace.
- Karancin abinci mai gina jiki.
- More wuya a narke.
- Ana iya binne su a cikin yashi idan sun hau kan mai siyar.
- Activearancin aiki, ba haka ba za a ƙarfafa geckos.
Kammalawa: Yana da kyau a ciyar da alternating da gari tsutsotsi da crickets, don haka sami daidaitaccen abinci. Matasa geckos suna buƙatar ciyar da kullun, matasa a kowace rana, a cikin manya biyu zuwa sau uku a mako.
Kira
Gabaɗaya, kada ku ɗauki eublefar har sai ya zama ƙasa da cm 12. Za ku iya barin dattijo daga cikin farfajiyar gidan kuma ku bar shi ya zauna a ƙasa, a hankali yana karɓar hannayensa. Yawancin lokaci yakan ɗauki kwana biyar zuwa bakwai.
Karka taɓa kama gecko da wutsiya, zata iya zuwa!
Kodayake yana girma sabo har tsawon kwanaki 40, bazai da kyau kyakkyawa, ƙari ga gecko matasa a baya game da ci gaba yayin da yake sake warin wutsiya.
Zaɓuɓɓukan da suke akwai
Takaitaccen damisa e latfar (lat.Eublepharis macularius) - Lizard na kwayar cutar Eppyfar. Homelandasar haihuwar fitattun ƙasashe sune ƙasashen Kudancin da Tsakiyar Asiya: India, Afghanistan da Pakistan, da Iran. Wannan wasan kwaikwayon yana zaune a matattarar ƙarancin dutse, busassun busassun kwari da gandun daji mai haske. A halin yanzu, nau'in an adana shi sosai kuma ana ɗaukar shi zuwa zaman talala, kasancewa ɗayan shahararrun dabbobi ne, musamman tsakanin masu farawa.
Bayanin taƙaitaccen bayanin ɓoyayyen matsala
Abubuwan damuwa masu rauni a cikin ƙananan masussuka masu haɗari, tsawon jikinsu tare da wutsiya ya kai cm 25-30. Sun sami sunan su saboda yanayin halayyar launi. Baya ga aibobi, kamannin maharbi mai kyawu ne da aka baiwa idanuwansa masu ban mamaki: cat-like elongated da ba a bayyana ba sosai ga mai rarrashi.
A cikin launi na halitta na eublefars, launin toka da launin toka sun mamaye. Koyaya, tare da taimakon zaɓi, yau sama da ɗari daban-daban morphs - bambancin launi na gecko - ana buge su. Ya kamata a tuna cewa matsala matsala ɗaya ce daga cikin waɗannan masu haɗarin cewa, idan an jaddada su, zasu iya sauke wutsiyarsu. Bayan wani lokaci, zazzabin ya sami maye gurbin sashin jikin da ya ɓace, amma, sabon wutsiya koyaushe yana ɗan ɗan ɗan lokaci kaɗan da na asali.
Abubuwan damuwa marasa nauyi suna jagorantar yanayin rayuwa, duk da haka, suna hawa ganuwar terrarium tare da jin daɗin kasancewar wuraren al'adun ado tare da leda da shelves. Kololuwar ayyukansu yana faruwa a faɗuwar rana da dare.
A cikin terrarium tare da eublefar, kuna buƙatar ba da filin dumama da kuma kusurwa mai sanyi. Wannan ya wajaba don larabci ya iya tsara zafin zafin jikinsa. A cikin kusurwa mai dumi, zazzabi ya kamata + 30-32 ° C. Tun da eublefar dabba ce mai faɗuwar rana, ba a buƙatar wanka mai zurfin UV.
Har ila yau, zafi ba shi da amfani ga waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe, amma masifaffun yakamata a sami ruwan sha mai kyau. Mai shayar da ruwa ya zama mai nauyi wanda yakamata mai ɗan iska ya iya jujjuya shi ya kuma sa ambaliyar ruwa. Eublefar kuma yana buƙatar ɗakuna mai rigar - tsari na musamman tare da ƙasa mai laushi, a cikin saƙar za ta molt. Idan ba tare da irin wannan tsari ba, eublefar na iya samun matsaloli tare da molting.
Peaƙƙarfan dutse da matsakaitan ciyawa masu dacewa sun dace da ƙasa. Za'a iya amfani da yashi tare da taka tsantsan: sau da yawa damuwa tana haɗiye shi da abinci, wanda zai haifar da matsalolin narkewar abinci har ma da mutuwar mai sa maye. Sabili da haka, lokacin amfani da yashi, dole ne a ciyar da matsalar damuwa ta musamman tare da hancin.
A ƙarshe, terrarium ɗin ya kamata a sanye shi da wuraren mafaka daban-daban waɗanda a ciki waɗanda eublefar za su ɓoye yayin da ta gaji da hankalin kowa. Bangon baya na bango dake cikin farfajiyar zai ba gecko damar yin amfani da sararin gidansa da kuma motsa injinsa.
Spotted eublefar ciyar
Kusan kowane kwari na abinci ana iya haɗa shi a cikin jerin waɗannan alamomin kwari: gida, banana da crickets mai tabo biyu, tsutsa na gari da zofobas, baranya daban-daban, da sauransu. Lokaci-lokaci, zaku iya maganin eublefar tare da sabon beraye.
Tare da abinci, dole ne a ba da eublefaru bitamin kari da kuma alli - ba tare da su ba, abu ne mai wuya ka sake cin abincin da ke cike da wannan abincin da ke da kyau.
Da ke ƙasa akwai bidiyo game da kula da tabo
Bayani da mazaunin halitta
Eublepharis lizard ne na dangin Eublefar, yana da ire-ire iri iri kuma ya zama ruwan dare a Indiya, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Turkmenistan.
Waɗannan ƙananan ƙananan dabbobi masu rarrafe ne, waɗanda nauyin jikinsu da wuya ya kai 50 g, kuma tsawonsa yakai 20-30 cm.
Shugaban yana da girma idan aka kwatanta shi da jiki a siffar alwatika. Manyan idanu suna da ɗan elongated da convex, kadan kamar cat's. Mai dogon bakin koyaushe yana kama da murmushi. Tsawon tsayi daban-daban, ya danganta da nau'in paw, suna da bakin ciki da bushe, suna ƙare da yatsunsu biyar tare da maƙalli.
Launin fata ya bambanta, fiye da nau'ikan tsarin ɗari. Babban tushen yawanci shine launin ruwan kasa, mai launin kore, mai launin shuɗi, kuma zane mai cike da launi yana bambantawa da haske.
A farko, Eublefar mai lafiya yana da kauri da manyan wutsiya. A cikin lokacin hatsari, zazzabin ya watsar da shi, kuma sabon yayi girma da ya fi gajarta kuma tare da laushi mai kyau, ba tare da tubercles ba.
Bayyanar jima'i ana furtawa, namiji ya fi girma, tare da mafi girman kai da kaifi wutsiya a gindi.
A cikin daji, rayuwar mai saurin magana ba ta cika shekaru 10 ba, a zaman bauta a wannan lokacin ya fi tsayi - har zuwa 20.
Eublefar yana aiki da daddare da maraice, a cikin rana mai zafi yana ɓoyewa daga zafin wuta a cikin kabarin duwatsu ko a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi da duwatsun. Mazaunin tsibiri ne, ƙananan tsaunuka da busassun itace.
Eublefar wani nau'in dabba ne na zamantakewa da yanki. Mace mai haɗari ta maza na rayuwa tare da ƙaramin ƙoshin ƙira, wanda ya haɗu daga mata uku zuwa shida kuma yana kiyaye yanki na rayuwa. Iyalin suna ciyar da abinci arthropods, larvae, kananan nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa, wasu masu maye, kuma wani lokacin har ma da zuriyarsu.
Balaga da budurwa yakan faru ne a watan tara na rayuwa. Matar ta sanya madaukai goma waɗanda suka ƙunshi ƙwai 1-2 a cikin shekarar. An haife yara a cikin watanni 2-3, jima'i ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki na balaga, a ƙananan mata ana haihuwar su, sama da +31.5 ° C - maza. Matashi girma ya kasance mai farin jini a cikin launi, yakan zama mai haske kamar watanni 8.
Iran eublefara
Matsakaicin yanayin wannan nau'in Eublefar sune Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey. Zardarjin zazzaɓi ya fi son tsaunukan dutse daga tsawan 300 zuwa 1000 mita sama da matakin teku. A wasu wuraren, adadin dabbobi ya yi yawa, a wasu, alal misali, a cikin Turkiyya, sakaci ne.
Jiki na Iran Eublefar halayyar wannan lafazi ce, amma gabobinsa sun fi tsawo kuma jikinsa ya fi girma.
Partasan sassan jikin mutum da ciki kusan farinsu ne cikin launi, tare da baya, kai da paws na saman da aka rufe da launin shuɗi-launin shuɗi.Dogon wutsiya mai tsayi tana da madaidaicin canza launin ruwan kasa da raunin haske.
Eublepharis angramainyu zai iya haɗa gwiwa tare da Spotted Eublefar kuma ya samar da ingantacciyar hanyar samar da lafiya a cikin ƙarni na farko da na biyu.
Wannan nau'in yana ciyar da akasari akan ƙananan maye. A duk tsawon shekara, yakan jagoranci rayuwar rufin asiri, yana kunnawa kawai a lokacin bazara yayin lokacin balaga.
Ba a kiyaye wannan nau'in ta Yarjejeniyar Harkokin Kasuwanci ta Duniya ba, saboda ba a karance shi ba kuma ba a san adadin sa na gaskiya ba.
Yammacin India Eublefar
Eublepharis fuscus wani nau'in halitta ne wanda ke zaune a cikin yankuna yankuna m na Indiya a yammacin kasar. Wannan babban lizard har zuwa 40-45 cm tsayi tare da raɗaɗi mai rawaya mai haske a bayanta, yana wucewa da yanayin duhu.
A karo na farko, wannan nau'in ya shiga binciken kimiyya a karshen karni na 19, kuma an samo shi ba kusa da Bombay ba, a Mumbai. Amma na dogon lokaci ana ɗaukar matsayin mai ɗaukar nauyin Eubléfar kuma an kasafta shi zuwa aji ɗaya ne kawai a cikin 1997.
Ya bambanta da sauran nau'ikan a cikin babban girman, wuri da nau'in lamellas a baya da kafafu. Har yanzu zane yana sama da ƙima fiye da layi-layi.
Yana zaune a cikin yanayi a tsayi na 50-650 m a cikin gandun daji bushe, tsaunuka masu ƙauna, rakodi da bishiyoyi don rayuwa. Ayyuka suna bayyana kanta a cikin masu haɗari a watan Disamba, lokacin da samari suke girma kaɗan. Akwai alamu na raguwa sosai a yawan jama'a, duk da cewa nau'in halittu suna mamaye yanki mai girman kusan murabba'in kilomita dubu 150.
Eublefara Herdwick
Eublepharis hardwicki mazaunan yankuna na gabashin India ne da Bangladesh. An yi nazarin wannan nau'in kaɗan.
An sani cewa masu liziya sun fi son tsaurara daga 500 zuwa 1500 m kuma yawan mazaunan sun mallaki yanki mai nisan mil kimani dubu 400-700. Suna son busasshen gandun daji bushe, suna rayuwa a ƙarƙashin duwatsu da tushen itacen.
Kyawawan launi ba shi da ƙima ga Spotted Eublefars, saboda haka batun magana ne na kasuwanci.
Jikin laƙabi yana da duri da gajeru, yana da girman 20-23 cm a tsayi, ƙafafun kuma ma kanana.
Tsawon hanci ya yi daidai da nisa tsakanin idanun, manyan ramuran kunne sun yi oval. A kai da jiki Sikeli a cikin hanyar polyhedra da yawa tubercles. Dogon wutsiya yana da ɗan zagaye kuma da alama yana kumbura.
Sama da ƙarƙashin lebe, sikeli 10, kuma akan ciki akwai shimfiɗar kwance a kwance 30. Hakanan akwai wasu ƙananan ɓangaren wutsiya, kuma manyan garkuwa suna ƙawata ƙyallen.
Tare da doguwar ja, mai kauri da lebur, Eublefar Herdwick ya sami damar lasa idanunsa da duka kansa.
Zane a jikin jigon cikin ruwan hoda, mai haske ko launin ruwan duhu. Don haka an fentin shugaban, yankuna da yawa a baya da wutsiya. Ya bambanta da su, ratsin launin rawaya yana wucewa ta bayan kai, tsakiyar baya da gindin wutsiya. Kafafu suna da shuɗi, kuma ƙananan jikinta da ciki kusan fari.
Wadannan masu iya magana sunyi shiru, amma lokacin da suke firgita sukanyi sautikan soshi da ambaliya da rawar jiki.
Wannan shine mafi yaduwar yanayin yanayin Eublefar, yawan jama'a yana da yawa kuma babu wata barazanar ƙona dabba. Ana samo shi a cikin kayan gida, amma ba shahararrun kamar damisa.
Shafin Leopard Eublefara
Eublepharis macularius ɗan asalin ƙasar Pakistan ne da arewacin Indiya a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi. Matsakaicin girman jikin macijin dare shine 25-30 cm.
Wannan shine mafi yawan nau'in halittu a cikin farfajiyar gida, kamar yadda ba'a iya rikitarwa a cikin abun ciki kuma cikin sauƙaƙe ana yada shi cikin bauta.
An fara bayanin aji a cikin 1854 kuma yana da rassa biyar.
Babban tushen jikin zai iya zama daban - bambaro rawaya ko launin toka-ruwan hoda, wani lokacin tare da tintin launin shuɗi. Amma duffai "damisa" duhu masu duhu tabbas suna warwatse akan sa, yana mai lulluɓe daɗarin gaba ɗaya daga hanci zuwa ƙarshen wutsiya.
Jariri da jarirai suna da launi daban-daban - da farko sun kusa baƙi ne, sa’annan madaidaicin jerin madaidaicin haske (yawanci rawaya) da duhu (launin ruwan ƙasa ko koko) sautuna akan jiki.
Ercwararren ƙwayoyin cuta suna ko'ina cikin jiki da ƙafafu, Sikeli yana kan ciki (20-30), wutsiya, ƙyallen idanu (45-57).
A karon farko an samo Leopard Eublefaras a sassan kudancin Afghanistan, sannan a Indiya da Pakistan. Waɗannan su ne asalin 'yan asalin mazaunan jeji da bushewar savannahs. Suna son yumɓu da ƙasa mai yashi, duwatsu, busassun ciyawa. Launin launuka, wanda yake da haske sosai a farfajiya, a cikin ƙasarsu ta asali yana taimaka musu su haɗu da yanayi.
A lokacin da zazzabi na yanayi ya sauka zuwa + 5 ... + 15 ºC, Masifaffen bala'i ya faɗo a cikin wani irin tashin hankali mai dakatarwa, rabin barci na watanni da yawa, yana jiran lokacin mara kyau saboda ajiyar mai.
Ganin cewa a lokacin rani, lokacin da +40 ºC ke, masu ruwayoyi suna aiki da jin dadi. Wataƙila ikon yin haƙuri da canje-canje na zafin jiki kwatsam ba tare da barazanar kiwon lafiya ya sanya wannan dabbar ta zama mai ƙima ga yanayin tsarewa ba.
Da magariba da daddare, Leopard yana ba da izinin bugawa da kai hari ta hanyar ɓarna, ƙwayoyin halittar dabbobi, ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, kunamai, gizo-gizo, haɓaka. Waɗannan ƙwararrun mafarauta ne waɗanda za su iya samun abinci a mawuyacin yanayi sakamakon hangen nesa, kyakkyawar ma'ana wari da saurin motsi.
Yanzu, ban da bambancin launi na halitta, akwai masu kiwo da yawa. Wannan ba wani jinsin bane daban ba, amma kawai nau'i ne mai launi na isomorphic na musamman kuma nau'ikan da suka biyo baya sun cancanci kulawa ta musamman.
Black Eublefar
Kayan launuka mai haske haske ne mai kyawun tsari na masifun Eufffars, amma a gida ba sa barazanar da masu farauta da sabbin hanyoyin kiwo suka samu launuka daban-daban. An san yawancin nau'ikan matasan a yau, misali, Black Eye ko Black Hole (BH).
Mafi kyawun tsari mai ban mamaki da ban mamaki mai launi - Black Velvet da Black Pearl. Masu shayarwa daga Turai suna aiki don samo baƙin tabo na baki. An samo isomorph na carbon sakamakon maye gurbi lokacin da mutane biyu na al'ada Al'ada suka ketare. Waɗannan Eublefara-melanists ne, waɗanda ke da masaniyar tsari akan jikinsu, wanda yake da matukar wahalar rarrabewa saboda launin launi.
Aikin kusan shekaru 20 yana ta gudana, amma har yanzu ba a sami damar cimma daidaito tsakanin launi ba. Abunda ya hango Eublefars yana cikin tarin manyan masu shayarwa kuma farashin irin waɗannan mutanen a kasuwar waje shine dala dubu 2.
Yawancin lokuta masu haɗari ana haihuwar su cikin sautunan launin toka mai sauƙi, amma su ma suna cikin tsananin buƙata, a cikin Russia yanzu akwai guda ɗaya irin Eublefar.
Wannan launi kuma ana kiranta Black Knight, kuma yana fitowa daga cinnamon mai duhu zuwa launin karammiski mai zurfi. Idanun shuhuda suna da launin toka mai launin shuɗi.
Yawancin lokaci ana haihuwar jarirai masu haske kuma tare da tsarin tsararraki na al'ada, amma tare da shekaru sun fara duhu kuma yanayin zai zama da rarrabewa. Amma wani lokacin yakan faru akasin haka: cikakken jariri jariri ya zama mai haske lokacin da ya balaga.
Wannan zanen morph yana da nau'ikan gado na gado, wanda aka sarrafa ta nau'ikan nau'ikan halittar da ba alli ba, wato, haɗuwa iri-iri suna da alhakin haruffan. Akwai nau'ikan kiwo da yawa tare da irin wannan saiti: waɗannan sune Bandit, Baldy, Carrot head da sauran su.
A cikin nau'ikan ruwan albino, lokacin da giciye ya faru, fashewar melanin na iya faruwa kuma za'a haifi mutum baƙar fata gabaɗaya, amma wannan launi ne maras tabbas kuma launi ba zai sake kasancewa a zuriyarsa ba.
Don haka, har sai an sami kyakkyawar fahimtar tsarin kwayoyin halitta game da haihuwar ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, Eublefara Black Knight zai zama mai tsada sosai.
Afghanistan Eublefar
A cikin rarrabuwa ta hukuma, wasu abubuwa ne na Spotted, amma wasu masana kimiyya har yanzu suna rarrabe ta da wannan nau'in daban. Ana samo shi a cikin kudanci da arewacin Afghanistan da kuma a cikin yankuna na arewacin Pakistan. Abubuwan launuka masu launin shuɗi masu launin shuɗi suna mamaye launuka, girman maƙaryacin ɗan ƙarami - kusan 20 cm.
Turkmen eublefara
An rarraba Ecifapharis turcmenicus a yankuna na kudanci na Turkmenistan da kuma a arewacin Iran, amma yanzu suna kan gab da ƙarewa kuma an jera su a cikin Babban littafin duniya.
Yana zaune a cikin duwatsu da ƙafafunsu tare da bushe bushe, sau da yawa zaɓar burrows da sauran dabbobi suka yi a matsayin mafaka. Tsawon tabo mai ruwan launin shuɗi da wuya ya kai cm 25 Alamun ba su da kyau, marasa daidaituwa a tsari kuma da farin kamshi.
Propagated a Yuli-Agusta, a cikin kama biyu qwai. Ta kowane fannin kuwa, bai banbanta da Tarkon Fututaccen Eopfar ba.
Terrariums
Suna iya ƙanƙanta ga mutum ɗaya, alal misali, 35x35x35 cm, kuma ya fi tsayi yakamata ya kasance ya zama biyu biyu ko uku, alal misali, 35x35x65 cm.Zaka iya shirya su a kwance kuma a tsaye, amma a ƙarshen magana, shelves, protrusions da wasu abubuwa don hawan dabbobin gida.
Idan yarinyar ta sami Eublefar, to da farko yana buƙatar ƙaramin abu, a cikin babban ƙarfin zai rikice kuma zai ji daɗi, ba zai sami damar farauta ba. Amma bayan isa watanni shida, wajibi ne don canja wurin dabbobi zuwa manyan ɗakuna, a wannan zamani yana da sha'awar tafiya da haɓaka sabbin wurare. Bugu da kari, yana karfafa saurin girma mutane.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Eublefar lafiyayyen sanyi ce, amma domin abincin da ke jikinsa ya narke, yana buƙatar zafi. Mafi kyawun mafita shine samar da kayan dumama a cikin gida ta amfani da suttura masu zafi (matattara) ko igiyoyi. Ana sayar da waɗannan abubuwan a gidan zoo.
Idan ba za ku iya siyan waɗannan na'urorin ba, zaku iya sanya na'urar bushewar takalmin ƙarƙashin terrarium ko binne shi a cikin ɓoyayyiyar ƙasa. Matsakaicin zafin jiki a nan kada ya wuce +32 ºC, ana iya sarrafa shi da tsayin ƙasa. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio na ƙasa. Ya isa ya zafi ɗaya kusurwa na tanki, wanda ya mamaye na uku ko kwata na sararin samaniya.
A zazzabi a daki + 20 ... + 23 ºC da daddare, tilasta dumama ya fi kyau a kashe. Irin wannan nau'in gradi ya saba da masu shayarwa kuma yana taimakawa kawai don ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi.
Bugu da ƙari, har zuwa watanni uku na rayuwa, dumama yakamata ya yi aiki koyaushe, kuma don dabbobin gida ana iya kunna su sau da yawa a rana don narke abinci.
Tsarin gidaje
Dabbobin gida a cikin sassa daban-daban na tanki ya kamata su sami gidaje masu yawa: a cikin mai mai zafi - don abinci mai narkewa, a cikin sanyi - don bacci da walwala. Bugu da kari, kuna buƙatar rukunin rigar, akwai Eublefar zai molt.
Dole ne a sanya dakin don yin zina a cikin wani wuri mai zafi, in ba haka ba dabbar zata iya shiga cikin tashin hankali.
Gidajen an yi su ne daga wasu abubuwa na halitta da na ado daban-daban; rabon kwakwa da ramuka da aka sassaka suna da kyau kwarai da gaske domin wannan.
Terrarium kasa mai cika
Ana sayar da suttura na musamman na musamman a shagunan sayar da dabbobi, waɗanda suka dace sosai don amfani, kuma an tsabtace su da kyau. Kuna iya amfani da rugs na al'ada, amma ba tare da sassan roba ba.
An ɗora ƙasa a kansu - a cikin manyan manyan duwatsun da baƙaƙe. Babban abu shine a yi amfani da siffofin da aka zagaye wadanda suke gama gari a bakin koguna da tekuna. 'Yan matan Eublefara ba su dace da tafiya ba yayin da suke santsi, yatsunsu su manne da tsaurin ra'ayi. Kari akan haka, girman maɓallin ya zama irin har dabbar da ba za ta iya hadiye abubuwan mutum ba.
A kowane hali yashi zai fito, matsaloli tare da narkewar abinci da kuma numfashi zai fara nan da nan. Wato, dole ne mu tuna cewa duk wata ƙasa mai muni tana da mutuƙar damuwa ga Eublefar kuma yana iya haifar da toshe hanji da ƙwayar jijiya.
Ruwan baka
Flat baka da ruwa ana amfani dasu, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa ba a buƙata, Masifa ba ta son kwarara ruwa, ba su taɓa ganin ta ba a cikin ƙasarsu ta asali. Amma wadannan dabbobin ma sun gwammace suyi laushi, sabili da haka, idan kun aiwatar da fitar da dutse yau da kullun, to za a iya fitar da mai sha gaba ɗaya.
Kyakkyawan amfani da ruwa tare da ƙimar alkalinci mai girma.
Darewar rana
Lightingarin haske ga waɗannan dabbobin marassa duhu ba lallai bane. Zaka iya shigar da karamin fitila (zai fi dacewa a fakaice) incandescent fitila tare da ƙarfin ba fiye da 40 watts ba. Ya kamata ya haskaka kawai a kusurwa ɗaya, saboda haka yana kwaikwayon dumamar rana. A dare, ana kashe fitila.
Tabbas ana buƙatar fitilar ultraviolet, ana amfani dashi don hana rickets kuma ana kunna shi na ɗan wani ɗan gajeren lokaci, tunda haske mai tsananin haske ba mai haɗari ga masu haɗari, har ma da haɗari ga albinos.
Haushi
Matsakaicin sa na kusan kashi 50% ko dan ƙarami. Yana da mahimmanci musamman gano matakin a cikin hunturu tare da dumama, lokacin da iska a cikin gidan ta bushe sosai. Sa'an nan kuma sau da yawa a rana a daya kusurwa na terrarium, kasar gona dole ne a fesa. Mafi kyau duk da haka, sanya ɗamarar daki. Haka kuma, wasu dabbobi suna son sa idan suna cikin wani yanayi mai dumi, yayin da wasu sun fi son yankin mai sanyi.
Da farko, zaku iya sanya cokali biyu na kwakwa a wurare daban-daban, sanyaya ƙasa a ƙarƙashinsu don ganin irin Eublefar da suka zaɓa.
Yankin rigar ko ɗakin yana da matukar muhimmanci ga wannan wasan kwaikwayon, wannan shine inda molting yake faruwa, wanda ke faruwa a cikin manya kowane watanni 2-3, kuma a cikin ƙananan yara sau biyu a wata. Idan ba a datse tsohuwar fatar ba, to dabbar na iya rasa ji, gani, yatsunsu. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne a bincika shi a hankali kowace rana. Koyaya, idan duk sigogi a cikin terrarium an kiyaye su daidai, to wannan tsari shima yana iya faruwa ga maigidan, tunda Eublefars suna cinye fatar da ba'a zubar ba tare da wata alama ba.
Shedding yana farawa da gurnani da wasu sassan jikin mutum, kuma, a ƙashin, fatar jiki takan bar jikin ƙyallen begen guda ɗaya. Idan ya fashe kuma baya fitowa, to dabbobi suna buƙatar taimako - riƙe shi ƙarƙashin rafin ruwan dumi sannan a cire sauran murfin a hankali da huhun auduga.
Abincin
A cikin yanayin, babban abincin abincin na Eublefars ya kasance kwari ne, kodayake basu ƙi sauran abincin abinci ba. A gida, ciyar da zakoki tare da nau'ikan halittu:
- Crickets sune mafi araha, tunda ana iya samun saukin su daban-daban, da kwari da ke cike da abubuwan gina jiki. Yi amfani da launin ruwan kasa, ayaba, tabo biyu.
- Cockroaches - Turkmen, marmara, Madagascar lardin.
- Tsutsa tsutsotsi. Ba a ba su da wuya, saboda suna ɗauke da mai mai yawa.
A baya, an ciyar da kwari tare da ganye kuma an yi birgima a cikin kayan abinci na bitamin don dabbobi masu rarrafe (wanda aka sayar a cikin shagunan dabbobi) da foda na alli.
Wani lokaci, ana iya ba da jariran jijiyoyi azaman jiyya na musamman.
Masifun suna cin abinci kawai na furotin, basa buƙatar kowane abinci na kayan lambu kuma ba za su ci shi ba.
Ana ɗaukar tsarin ciyarwa hanya mafi kyawu don ɓar da ƙwararru kuma aiki ne mai ban sha'awa. Ana ba da abinci ta hannu ko tare da hancin. A bu mai kyau kar a bar kwari a cikin farfajiyar don kada daga baya su watsar da gidan ko kuma dabbobin ba su ci ƙanƙwalwar tare da su ba.
Yana jiran rabon sa, Eublefar yakan tsaya a kan kafafunsa na baya kuma ya dunkule wutsiyarsa ba tare da bata lokaci ba.
A lokacin rani zaku iya ba ciyawa da ciyawa, amma kuna buƙatar tattara waɗannan kwari daga ƙasar noma, don kar ku ciyar da dabbar da takin zamani da magungunan kashe ƙwari. Bugu da kari, nau'in daji galibi ana kamuwa da helminths.
Eublefar ciyar da tsari kamar haka:
- Har zuwa kwanaki 30, ana ciyar da jarirai sau biyu a rana, suna bada cricket ɗaya.
- Har zuwa watanni uku, ciyar da insectsan karamin kwari ya isa.
- Har zuwa watanni shida - kowane sauran rana, manyan crickets uku.
- Za'a iya ciyar da manyan manya sau 2-3 a mako don manyan crickets a kowace ciyar.
Zai fi kyau zaɓi don wannan maraice ko safiya na safiya, Lizards a wannan lokacin sun fi aiki.
Kiwo da kulawa da kananan dabbobi
Euphlefara ya kai ga balaga har zuwa watanni 9-12. Maza sun fi girma daga mace; suna da girma da fiƙa mai iko.
Ba za a iya kiyaye matsala ba tare da wasu dabbobi da maza biyu tare ba, fadace-fadace a yankin gaba daya zai zama makawa. Mata da yawa ko namiji da 2an mata masu shekaru 2-10 zasu yi rayuwa mai kyau.
Idan aka sa mace daya da mace guda, to tabbas mace za ta iya azabtar da su ta hanyar maza kuma ba za ta rayu sama da shekaru uku ba.
A cikin zaman talala, Eublefaras yakan fara haifuwa cikin sauki.Don haɓaka mating, za ku iya fara lalata yanayin kuma haifar da rashin ɗan lokaci, kuma bayan dumama hankali, wasannin mating suna farawa da sauri. Amma bisa ƙa'ida, a gida don dakatar da raye-raye, ƙwararraki ba su da abin da ake bukata, tunda babu buƙatarsa ga dabba.
Domin kiwo cikin nasara, an sanya namiji daya aƙalla mace uku a cikin farji guda. Endara sa'o'in hasken rana zuwa awanni 14-15, ƙara dumama zuwa + 28 ... + 30 ºC da haɓaka zafi zuwa 60-80%.
Namiji, yana kula da abokin tarayya, sau da yawa yana bincika abin da ke cikin iska tare da harshensa. Lokacin da aka shirya don mating, aboki ya saki pheromones na musamman a cikin iska. Daga nan za a sami yar-mace a cikin mahaifa da bugun kirji tare da fitilun bangarorin mace.
Matsayin mace daya shine kamar sati uku, a lokacin bazara mace zata iya yin cukurkuwa sau uku zuwa hudu, wanda a ciki daya ko biyu, sai ta binne su a cikin kasa. Ya kamata a tabbatar cewa tsayinsa ya isa.
Qwai ƙananan, har zuwa 25 mm a tsawon kuma an rufe su da kwasfa mai laushi na fata. Iyaye basa bin mason, sai kawai su dawo su binne sabon.
Balagawar qwai kusan wata biyu kenan. Har zuwa +26 ºC na muhalli ana samun ƙarin mace, a +31.5 ºC samfuran maza sun sami nasara, a cikin kewayon + 29 ... + 30 º yawan area boysan maza da arean mata suna haihuwa. A lokaci guda, mata suna samun sha'awar maza kuma basa iya haifan zuriya.
Jariri an haife shi ne cm 6 - 15 a tsayi, yana nauyin 5-9 g kuma tare da launin rawaya mai launi, canza launi da wuya ya bayyana kafin watanni 7-8.
Ga jarirai, masu kwano daga kwantena na filastik ana shirya su da farko, akan farashi 0.15 sq.m. ga mutum daya. Har zuwa watanni uku zuwa hudu ana iya kiyaye jarirai tare. Zai dace a yi amfani da tawul ɗin takarda da adiko na goge baki a matsayin shara a cikin kwantena; suna da sauƙin canzawa. Ana kiyaye zafi mai zafi ta hanyar fesa ruwa a kai a kai daga kwalban feshi da ruwan dumi, kamar yadda molting yake faruwa kowane sati biyu - ƙwarayoyi suna girma da sauri, kuma tsohuwar fata ta zama ƙarama.
A cikin watanni biyar, dole ne a sake sanya kananan yara sake tsara su. Yaro saurayi zai iya sanya mace cikin ciki, amma har yanzu ba ta shirya yin layya ba.
Ba lallai ba ne a haɗa matasa da tsofaffi don tsofaffi, suna haɗarin haɗarin kasancewa dattijon ya ragargaza su kuma suna cikin yanayin damuwa na kullun. Zai fi kyau a samar da sababbin wuraren shakatawa bisa ga ƙananan ƙananan gidajen halitta.
An yi amfani da ƙananan crickets da kyankyasai irin wannan girman da yara zasu iya hadiye abinci ana amfani dasu azaman abinci.
Don hana rickets a cikin incubator, yakamata a sami kwano na alli kuma sau ɗaya kowace kwana biyu don mintina biyu kunna fitilar ultraviolet.
Sau da yawa a cikin yanayin fursuna, lokacin dabbar ta dace da Eufffars canjawa cikin lokaci kuma yana ɗaukar Nuwamba-Maris. A wannan lokacin, mace na iya yin har zuwa goma clutches.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa
Eublefar ya zama sananne kamar ɗan dabbobi mai murmushi koyaushe kuma mai ban sha'awa wanda an kafa kungiyoyi da yawa don masu son waɗannan dabbobin terrarium a cikin duniya. Ayyukansu suna da amfani a cikin Rasha, tun da akwai ƙarancin likitocin dabbobi da suka ƙware a cikin cututtukan jini.
Duk da cewa Eublefar ba ta da ma'ana kuma tana saurin daidaitawa da yanayin rayuwar dabba, kulawa mara kyau na iya haifar da matsaloli iri-iri:
- Rickets. Wannan cuta ta lizards tana haifar da karancin alli. An hana shi ta abinci mai inganci tare da babban abun ciki na wannan kashi da kuma amfani da fitilar ultraviolet a cikin terrarium. Don magani, ana amfani da glucose na alli a cikin ruwa mai narkewa, yana sanya digo biyu a cikin ƙwarya a kullun har tsawon wata ɗaya ko biyu.
- Rashin nasara molt. Mai nuna alama yawanci shine asalin wutsiya. A cikin balagagge, Eublefar dole ne ya kasance mai danshi da ƙoshin lafiya, a cikin samarin da ya rigaya sun kasance, amma ba flabby ba.
M bushe bushe yana nuna matsaloli. Dole ne a yanke shi da kyau kuma a bi dashi tare da Chlorhexedine ko Miramistin. Sabon zai yi girma da sauri.
Sau da yawa ana jefa wutsiyar cikin minti na hatsari kuma sabon yayi girma da santsi. - Cutar fitsari. Nunin launin toka yana bayyana akan fatar zazzaɓi. Don neman magani, zai fi kyau a tuntuɓi asibitin dabbobi.
- Helminthiasis. Kusan dukkanin larurorin masu ɗaukar hoto ne, amma cutar ta fi ƙaruwa ne kawai tare da matsananciyar wahala ko gajiya. Eublefar ya ƙi cin abinci, wutsiya tana rasa nauyi, tsallakewa ya zama ruwa kuma yana da wari mara kyau. Don magance parasites, ana amfani da ReptiLife da Farfesa. Hakanan wajibi ne don siyar da dabbar tare da raunin maganin Regidron don hana bushewar ruwa. Ya kamata a cire kuzari nan da nan daga farfajiyar don guje wa sake kamuwa da cuta, kuma gidan da kansa ya kamata a share kowace rana tare da ruwan zafi, cire dabbobin daga can. Ba a buƙatar amfani da magunguna don tsabtatawa ba.
Gabaɗaya, yanayin wutsiya da idanu alama ce mai mahimmanci na lafiyar Eublefar.
Bugu da kari, kuna buƙatar saka idanu kan muryar dabbar. A cikin mutum lafiya, ya ƙunshi sassa uku. Ruwan shine fitsari, fitar duhu shine feces din kanta, hasken ya wuce gishiri sosai.
Bayanin
Tsawon jiki tare da wutsiya ya kasance daga 25 zuwa 30 cm, matan sun kasance kaɗan. Launi na baya rawaya ne, launin toka-mai-haske ko launin toka-toka. Bangarorin suna da haske, kusan fari fari. Darkananan duhu duhu na sikila na kwance suna warwatse a saman ɓangaren kai, a lebe, baya da wutsiya. Bugu da kari, zazzage launuka biyu ko uku na launi na lilac wani lokaci ana iya ganin su akan wutsiya. Yankunan suna da launi daban-daban: a kan launin toka mai haske, kusan fararen fari, ƙararraki launuka masu buɗe baki suna tafi ko'ina cikin jiki da wutsiya.
A cikin 'yanci, tsawon rayuwar maza shine shekaru 8-10, na mace guda 5-8, kuma na mace da ke kasancewa a koyaushe, shekaru 3-4 [ Ba a ayyana asalin ranar 851 ba ]. A cikin baranda, rayuwar rayuwar masifa ta kai shekaru 20.
Kiwo
Isar da balaga tun yana ɗan shekara 9 zuwa 12. Lokacin kiwo yana farawa ne bayan ɓoggo. Kwanciya ƙwai yana faruwa kimanin makonni 3-4 bayan dabbar ta hanyar canjin. A cikin kama 1-2 qwai. Za a iya samun hargitsi 10 a shekara. Lokacin shiryawa yana dogaro ne da yawan zafin jiki. A karkashin yanayin zazzabi mai sarrafawa, cubs suna kyankyashe bayan kwanaki 40-65. Har ila yau, jima'i na 'yan sanduna ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki. A yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa da 26 ° C, mata ne kawai suke bayyana, kuma a yanayin zafi sama da maza 31.5 C C sun bayyana sau da yawa. A dabi'a, pecking yana faruwa sau da yawa bayan kwanaki 90-100 [ Ba a ayyana asalin ranar 851 ba ]. Cubs suna da tsawon 80 zuwa 85 mm kuma suna awo 2-3 g 7. Suna da launi mai launin shuɗi tare da raɗaɗɗan fari. Lokacin da suke da watanni 8 sun zama balaguro masu launi.
An sauƙaƙe kiyaye shi da yadawa a cikin zaman talala, yawancin launuka masu launi waɗanda basa cikin yanayi (morph) ana buge su. Shahararren dabba mai terrarium. Kulawa yana buƙatar nau'in kwance a kwance tare da ƙananan girma daga 40x30 cm, sanye take da dumama na gida har zuwa +30 .. + 32 ° C, mafaka, kwanon sha. Ofayan ɗaukar mafaka ya kamata a jika shi da kayan ƙwari, napkins, da sauransu. Yanayin zafin jiki na baya shine zazzabi a cikin dakin, kimanin +23 .. + 25 ° C. A matsayin ciyarwa, yana amfani da daidaitattun nau'ikan kwari na ciyarwa - crickets, baranya, tsutsotsi na gari. Ana buƙatar ƙarin kayan abinci na bitamin da ma'adinai don dabbobi masu rarrafe, ba tare da waɗancan cututtukan kasusuwa ba, fata da idanu suna haɓaka da sauri, musamman haɓaka dabbobi matasa.
Habitat
Leopard gecko, ko gurgunan damisa,Eublepharis macularius) An rarraba shi a arewa maso yamma na Indiya, cikin Pakistan, a kudu maso gabashin Afghanistan da kuma gabashin Iran. Tana zaune a dutsen na tsaunin tuddai, kusan babu wadatar ciyayi, a cikin busashshe-bushe da bushe-bushe, yana haifar da rayuwa mara kyau da mara duhu, yana ɓoye a ƙarƙashin duwatsun da kogon yayin rana.
Eublefar: fasalin gecko
Spotted eublefar (Eublepharis macularis) ko damisa na cikin 'yan gidan Gekkonidae (ƙafar ƙafa). Wannan nau'in sunan da wannan dangi ya samu saboda fasalin sa yana da sauƙin motsawa kusa da jagorancin mafi daidaituwa fiye da salon rayuwar ƙasa. Wannan shi ne saboda tsarin tsarin halittar jikin wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe da kuma kayan na musamman akan yatsunsu.
An rarrabe shi mai ban tsoro e halfar ta halin kwantar da hankula da sassauƙa, wanda aka haɗe shi da kyakkyawa mai kyawu. Lantarki tana kallon duniya kamar tayi murmushi amin. Babu shakka ba mai zafin rai ba, da sauri ya saba wa maigidansa kuma yana nuna halaye masu ban sha'awa.
Babu kamshi daga gareta, baya haifar da rashin lafiyan ciki. Wasu dabbobin gida suna da alaƙa da mutumin don kawai sun nemi alkalami. Da safe, a cikin tafin hannu na mutum, da ake magana da keɓaɓɓun gecko. Kuma da alama yana shirin tsarkakewa kamar cat.
A matsayin dabba na terrarium, eublefar yana da sauƙi ga iyalai tare da ƙananan yara. A wannan yanayin, yakamata kuyi tunani game da irin wannan wari kamar cizo ko wasu raunin da ya haifar wa mutumin dabba.
Duk da cewa a dabi'ance su ba dabbobi bane, a cikin terrarium gecko da sauri ana amfani dashi don ciyar da rana kuma yana cikin cikakken gani koyaushe.
Bayyanar
Tsawon jikin leckard gecko ya kasance daga 25 zuwa 30 cm, mace tayi kankanta. Launi na baya rawaya ne, launin toka-mai-haske ko launin toka-toka. Bangarorin suna da haske, kusan fari fari. Darkananan duhu duhu na sikila na kwance suna warwatse a saman ɓangaren kai, a lebe, baya da wutsiya. Bugu da kari, zazzage launuka biyu ko uku na launi na lilac wani lokaci ana iya ganin su akan wutsiya. Yankunan suna da launi daban-daban: a kan launin toka mai haske, kusan fararen fari, ƙararraki launuka masu buɗe baki suna tafi ko'ina cikin jiki da wutsiya. Kayan mai zai tara kuliyoyi a cikin wannan jecko, wanda yake taimaka masa ya daɗe tsawon fari.
Halayyar zamantakewa da sake haifarwa
Wannan nau'in lizards na zamantakewa ne, yana rayuwa cikin gungun maza ɗaya da mata dayawa. Maza suna fafutukar kare yankinsu daga wasu maza. Eublefara ya kai ga balaga tun yana dan shekara 9 zuwa 12. Lokacin haihuwar su yana farawa ne bayan hibernation. Kwanciya ƙwai yana faruwa kimanin makonni 3-4 bayan dabbar ta hanyar canjin Akwai ƙwai 1-2 a cikin matsi, amma za'a iya samun tsawan guda 10 a kowace shekara. Lokacin shiryawa yana dogaro ne da yawan zafin jiki. A karkashin yanayin zazzabi mai sarrafawa, cubs suna kyankyashe bayan kwanaki 40-65. Har ila yau, jima'i na 'yan sanduna ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki. A yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa da 26 ° C, mata ne kawai suke bayyana, kuma a yanayin zafi sama da maza 31.5 C C sun bayyana sau da yawa. A dabi'a, ciwanci yakan zama sau da yawa bayan kwanaki 90-100. Cubs daga tsayi 80 zuwa 85 mm kuma suna yin nauyi 2-3 g 3. Suna da launi mai launin shuɗi tare da raɗaɗɗan fari. Lokacin da suke da watanni 8 sun zama balaguro masu launi. A dabi'a, maza yawanci suna zaune shekara 8-10, mata masu shekaru 5-8, kuma mace wacce a kullun tana haihuwar shekaru 3-4 ne. A cikin baranda, rayuwar rayuwar masifa ta kai shekaru 20. Suna da sauƙi tamed kuma lokaci bayan lokaci sun fara bambanta mai shi daga wasu mutanen.
Habitat
Gidajen da aka samu da matsala daga Afganistan, Pakistan har zuwa yammacin India. Zardaramar zazzaɓi ta fi son yin sulhu a cikin wuraren da ke da tsayayyun wuraren yashi da yashi, amma galibi ana samun ta cikin sands ɗin da aka kafa. A cikin wuraren bude hamada, dabba ba ta jin daɗi kuma tana guje musu.
Spotted eublefar salon
Kamar yawancin geckos, gwarzo namu yana jagorantar rayuwa mai kama da rana da kullun, kuma yana amfani da ranar a cikin mafaka da ɓarna. An nuna yanayin rayuwarsa ta hanyar faɗaɗaɗɗun gira tare da ɗalibai na tsaye. Saboda haka, kada ku damu idan dabbar ba ta nuna aiki a lokacin rana ba, kuma lokacin da take kwance a cikin tsari ko hawa cikin buhunan fili, barcin ya shawo kanta. Tare da farawar faɗuwar rana, eublefar zai zaɓi "farauta".
A karkashin yanayi na yanayi, masifaffiyar alamura tana zaune a cikin ƙananan yankuna da suka ƙunshi namiji ɗaya da mata dayawa. Namiji kishin yana kare yankinsa daga mamayewa daga masu fafatawa.
Tsawon rayuwar maza a cikin yanayi shine shekaru 8-10, na mace guda ne shekaru 5-8. Matan, waɗanda ke sa ƙwai da kullun, suna rayuwa har ƙasa da ƙasa - shekaru 3-4 ne kawai.
A cikin zaman talala, a karkashin yanayi mai kyau, eublefar na iya rayuwa sama da shekaru 20. Akwai lokuta yayin da waɗannan alamomin suka tsira zuwa 30!
Ta yaya za a ciyar da hange eublefar?
A dabi'a, "damisa" galibi suna cin naman kwari, amma wani lokacin suna iya amfana daga irin nasu, kawai karami ne, dangi.
Abinda aka fi so abincin ƙwararren masifaffen gida shine crickets (brownies, ayaba, biyu-hange). Roarjin dutsen Turkmen (Shelfordella tartara) ya kuma tabbatar da kanta a matsayin abu mai kyau, tunda yana da laushi kuma yana haɓaka da sauƙi, ba tare da buƙatar yanayi na musamman ba. Cin shi, eublefar har ma ya runtse idanunsa cikin nishaɗi.
Ana cin abinci na ciye-ciye a Marmara (Nauphoeta) da Madagascar (Gromphadorhina). Hakanan za'a iya haɗarin tsutsa na gari (Tenebrio molitor) a cikin abincin abinci na eublefars. Kafin yin hidima, yana da kyau a ciyar da kwari tare da ganye daban-daban, sannan kuma yayyafa tare da bitamin don dabbobi masu rarrafe ko foda foda (wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga mata yayin lokacin kiwo). Wasu mutane ba za su ƙi sabon ƙarnuka ba, amma sau da yawa bai kamata a ba su ba. Kar a manta cewa gecko har yanzu kwari ne mai rarrafe. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari, berries da wasu tsire-tsire ba sa cin tabarau.
Ciyar da damisa gecko yana da ban sha'awa kwarai da gaske. Yana da kyau a gabatar da abincin a gare shi da hannunsa ko da hancin: ta wannan hanyar mai rarrafe ke samun rabo kuma ba ta hadiye duwatsun yayin farauta, kuma za ku tabbata cewa babu kyankyasar ciye-ciye da za su iya tserewa tare da haifar da mummunar dabi'a a cikin gidanku. Haka kuma eublefar zai yi farin cikin karɓar abincin da aka gabatar a wannan hanyar. Bugu da kari, ciyar da mutane zai hanzarta aiwatar da cutar da dabbar. "Farauta" don abinci, gecko ya hau kan kafafun kafa da kuma shimfiɗa wutsiya a takaice.
A lokacin rani, a cikin makiyaya don masu bushewa, ana iya kama Orthoptera daban-daban daga iyalan ciyayi (Tettigoniidae) da farawa (Acrididae). Wannan ya kamata a cire daga filayen noma da lambuna, saboda ana iya lalata guba tare da magungunan kashe ƙwari. Idan kuna ciyar da ciyayi, to sai ku murƙushe gabanin ciyar da manyan mutane, saboda ciyayi suna da jajayoyi masu ƙarfi waɗanda zasu cutar da dabbobinku.
Eublefarov sun girmi shekara guda ana ciyar da su sau 2-3 a mako. Manyan gecko na iya cin abinci kusan 5 na crickets a abinci.
Tsarin ciyar da matasa ya bambanta. Gean ƙananan geckos a ƙarƙashin shekara 1 wata ana ciyar da su sau 1-2 a rana - suna buƙatar wasan kurket 1 kawai don ciyarwa ɗaya. Lizards daga watanni 1 zuwa 3 ana ciyar da sau ɗaya a rana - ba crickets 2. Lokacin da yake shekaru 3 zuwa 6, ana ciyar da damuwa da kowace rana - matsakaici na manyan crickets na 1-3 da ciyar. Kuma ga dabbobi daga watanni shida zuwa shekara ya isa ya ba da abinci sau 2-3 a mako a cikin adadin manyan crickets a lokaci guda.
A cikin terrarium, dole ne a sami mai sha tare da ruwa. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da kwanar Petri a wannan yanayin, wanda ke da ƙananan gefuna. Ruwa yana buƙatar sabuntawa aƙalla kowace rana.
Ana iya kiyaye matsala kamar yadda akayi daban-daban kuma a cikin nau'i-nau'i. Babu wani yanayi da yakamata a sanya maza da yawa a cikin filin guda - a wannan yanayin, yaƙe-yaƙe ne kawai makawa. Zasu iya yin gwagwarmayar neman yankin eublefara har sai mutuwar daya daga cikin masu fafatawa. Masu sassaucin ra'ayoyi da kansu ba masu rikici bane, amma na musamman na ƙasa, basa yarda da baƙi. Idan kana son dauke da gecko sama da daya, zai fi kyau ka sayi namiji daya da mace daya. Tun da maza suna da ƙauna sosai, ana bada shawara don yin sulhu ba budurwa ɗaya ba tare da gecko, amma aƙalla biyu. Kullum zai tsoratar da “matar” shi kaɗai. Af, lokacin da aka samar da wasu yanayi, eublefara ba sauƙin haifuwa a cikin bauta.
Ga mutum ɗaya, 40x40x40 cm terrarium ya isa, don ma'aurata - 60 × 40 × 40 cm, kuma don rukuni na uku zuwa bakwai lizards - 100 × 40x40 cm. Tun da yake ƙwararraki yawanci ƙasa ne, tsayin terrarium na iya zama dan ƙaramin ƙasa - 35 cm
An bada shawarar terrarium don amfani da gilashi maimakon filastik, saboda damisa za ta birge shi tare da maƙallan maganganunsa kuma a tsawon lokaci filastik zai zama maras nauyi. Wajibi ne a kula da filin sosai tare da rufe qofofin sosai.
Dole ne a kiyaye zafin jiki a 27-31 ° C., kuma a cikin mafi kusurwar kusurwa na terrarium zazzabi ya kamata ya zama kusan 24 ° C.
A matsayin masu amfani da wutar lantarki, ko dai fitila mai amfani da wutar lantarki ko kuma murhun dumama ko dutse, kodayake zaɓi ne tare da fitilar dumama.
Jin zafi a cikin ɗaki mai lila na iya zuwa daga 40 zuwa 55%. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar fesawa ko kuma sanyawa cikin tudun ƙwarya tare da babban yankin ƙasa. A yayin motsa jiki masu bukatar zafin jiki suna bukatar a kara girma. Don yin wannan, ya isa ya sanya rigar raga mai laushi sau 2-3 a cikin farfajiyar. Dabbobi wani lokaci suna kwance a kansa don jiƙa tsohuwar fata.
Babban mahimmanci a cikin abubuwan da aka gani na eublefar shine haske. Tabbatar shigar da fitilar ultraviolet (alal misali, Hagen "Repti Glo 5.0").
Tun da yake eublefar jinsin gecko ne, a ranar zai buƙaci mafaka. Saboda haka, tsararrun yanki na haushi, duwatsun, shambura bamboo sun dace. Hakanan, ɗakin ɗakin zafi zai iya zama mafaka - alal misali, tukunyar yumbu tare da murfi ko akwati na abinci, a bango wanda kuke buƙatar rawar soja don bugun jini.
Eublefara lokaci-lokaci molt. Da farko sun fara bushewa, daga nan sai su kara haske. Lokacin da kai ya zama fari zuwa ga hanci, zazzabin ya fara cire tsohuwar fatar kanta, a kanta wacce take bayyane sabo da haske. Dukkanin molting zai iya daukar awanni 2-3. Shedding yayi nasara cikin babban zafi. Idan zafi a cikin farfajiyar ƙasa bai isa sosai ba, yin molting ba shi da kyau (a kan wutsiya, jiki da yatsunsu), kuma wannan yana da haɗari musamman. Sauran tsohuwar fata, wacce, idan aka bushe, aka ja tare, tana iya haifar da mutuwar dabbar. Idan ko ƙananan ƙwayoyin tsohuwar fata suna wanzuwa, kuna buƙatar shiga tsakani tare da mai sarrafa terrarium, jiƙa ragowar tsohuwar fata tare da swab kuma cire su. A matsakaita, matashi da aka hango kowace matsala 25 days.
Za'a iya yin ado da gidan eublefara tare da tsire-tsire masu rai - suma zasu taimaka wajen kula da danshi.
Ya kamata kuma a zaɓi zaɓi na ƙasa da mahimmanci - yashi bai dace da wannan dalili ba, tun da ƙura, fadowa tare da yashi, na iya haifar da rikitarwa a cikin tsarin numfashi da narkewa na jijiya. Kyakkyawan tsakuwa ba zai yi aiki ko dai - wahalar ƙugu yana haɗe ƙananan pebbles ba. Kuna buƙatar amfani da pebbles mai girman wannan da gecko ba zai iya hadiye su ba. A kasan terrarium, kuna iya shimfida ciyawa mai filastik mai kwaikwayon ciyawa.
Sanya aƙalla babban dutse kuma, in ya yiwu, za a iya bushewa a cikin farfajiyar. A kan dutse mai zafi da rana, masu iya magana za su iya yin ɗumi da daddare, kuma suna shafa kan shun lokacin da suke yin matsewa. Bar fis ɗin tare da haushi, tunda masifar tana da madaidaiciya, ba tare da yatsotsin farantin yatsa tare da maƙallan da ba su damar hawa saman daskararru ba. Don kamuwa da cuta kuma a cikin ruwa, a matse ruwan injin da ruwan zãfi kuma a magance da maganin daskarewa na potassium. Idan babu isasshen zafi, geckos ɗin zai hau kan dutsen da ke kusa da kwan fitila.
Bala'i sune dabbobi masu tsabta, sun zaɓi ɗayan sasanninta na terrarium don bayan gida kuma zasu tafi can kullun, wanda, hakika, yana sa rayuwa ta fi sauƙi ga terrarium. Don tsaftacewa ya isa ya maye gurbin duwatsun da ke cikin wannan wurin da sababbi.