Wannan halitta mai launi mai haske tare da murmushi mai ban sha'awa tiger salamander (Latin Ambystoma mavortium), suna zaune a cikin yanki daga jihohin kudu maso yamma na Kanada zuwa gabashin yankuna na Mexico.
Ma'aikata na Tiger sune dabbobi marasa tsinkaye, mafi kyawun tsari shine rami mai duhu wanda suke tono kansu (wanda suka karɓi lakabi da "salamander mole"), ko kuma ya mamaye komai. Anan zasu iya kiyaye fatarsu mai kyan gani.
Girma ya kusan santimita 35, damis salamander yana daya daga cikin mafi girma a cikin dukkanin salamanders a cikin daji.
Salamanders na Tiger sun shahara sosai tsakanin masoya amarya. Ba su da ma'ana a cikin abinci, sauƙin jure yanayin canje-canje, suna da halin mutuntaka kuma suna da ikon sanin masu su.
Mazauna jihar Kansas ta Amurka sun zaɓi tiger salamander a matsayin babban amintaccen ɗan asalin jiharsu.
18.01.2019
Tiger ambistoma, ko tiger salamander (lat. Ambystoma tigrinum) nasa ne na dangin Ambistomatidae (Ambystomatidae). Ana amfani da wannan amurka na caudate a matsayin dabbobi a Arewacin Amurka.
A 2005, ta hanyar jefa kuri'a ta yanar gizo, an zabi ta a matsayin alama ce ta jihar Illinois ta Amurka, inda ta doke abokan takararta da ke kusa da ita - kwayar itace mai canzawa (Hyla versicolor) da toad ta Amurka (Anaxyrus americanus).
Dabba ba ta haifar da matsala da yawa ba, amma tana buƙatar mutunta mutumrta. Yana da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar gani mai haɓakawa da kyau kuma yana da ikon tuna masu shi. Tare da halayen da aka saba da shi, yana fitar da gubobi, wanda zai haifar da rashin lafiyan jijiyoyi da haushi na cikin mucous membrane. Ba sa jin daɗi musamman idan sun sadu da idanu, suna haifar da jin daɗin jin zafi mai ɗorewa kuma mara dadi.
An fara bayyana Amphibian a cikin 1799 a matsayin Siren operculata ta hannun masanin dabi'ar Faransawa Ambroise Paliso de Beauvois. Ya samo sunan ta yanzu a cikin 1828 a cikin ayyukan masanin ilmin dabbobi na Amurka Yakubu Green.
Yaɗa
Gidajen ya ƙunshi mafi yawan arewacin Amurka ta Arewa daga lardunan kudu na Kanada har zuwa arewacin Mexico. Iyakar arewa tana iyaka da yankin kudu maso gabas na Alaska da kuma kudancin lardin Labrador.
Tiger ambistoma na zaune a cikin yankin musamman yanayin yanki. Yawancin mazaunan suna zaune kusa da tafkunan mahalli kusa da tekun Pasifik.
Ana samun Amfibians a cikin ire-iren halittu masu rai a cikin ƙananan kwari da kuma tsaunukan tsauni a tsauni zuwa 3000 m sama da matakin teku, amma ba su nan a Dutsen Dutsen da Dutsen Appalachian. A kudu, ƙananan keɓantattun keɓaɓɓun mutane ne suka mamaye.
Amphibians suna zaune a cikin ciyayi mai laushi, a cikin gandun daji na inuwa da canyons, inda akwai tafkuna, tafkuna da jinkirin koguna tare da ruwa mai sanyi. Mafi yawan lokuta ba a lura sosai ba a cikin yankunan da yanayin yanayin semiarid a tsakiyar ciyawar daji.
Halayyar
Salamanders na Tiger ba dare ba rana. Ba sa son hasken rana, a guji buɗe sarari kuma ba sa taɓa nesa da jikin ruwa. Da rana, sukan ɓoye a cikin mafakansu waɗanda suke ƙarƙashin gandun daji, bishiyoyi da suka faɗi ko tarin duwatsun.
Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyuyen ɓoye. Idan babu su, 'yan amphibians suna tonon su da kansu.
A cikin kaka, ambistoma ya faɗi cikin ɓarkewa, kuma a lokacin rani, cikin matsanancin zafi, an binne shi a ƙasa mai zurfi. Bayan ruwan sama, yana sake fitowa a kan ƙasa.
Babban abokan halitta su ne badgers (Melinae), owls (Strigiformes), macizai (Macijin) da jan lynxes (Lynx rufus). M lardinu mai tsananin ƙarfi suna ciyar da yawancin kifayen kifaye da kwari na ruwa.
A lokutan haɗari, dabba sau da yawa maimakon gudu sai ta shirya don tsayar da harin. Tana lankwashewa kuma tana ɗaga wutsiya, tana jujjuya shi zuwa gaɓoɓinta tana girgiza ƙwan ɗanayen madarar ruwan nono daga gare ta. Da zarar a cikin bakin ko idanun ɗan tsokanar zalunci, ƙwarin gwiwar ya sami ikon yin sanyin gwiwa daga harin.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Tiger salamander yana da babban ci. A zama ɗaya, ta sami damar cin abin da aka ci, girmanta daidai yake da na biyar na jikinta.
Wanda yake shan iska yana lalata dukkan abubuwa masu rai waɗanda waɗansunsu zasu iya jurewa. Gano wanda aka azabtar tare da taimakon wari. Mai kusancin ta kusa da ita, maharmar ya kama harshensa ya hadiye.
Tushen abincin shi ne dunƙule na ƙasa, katantanwa da kwari. Additionari ga haka, ana cin abinci ga 'yan daba,' yan beraye, da ƙananan macizai.
Larvae ciyar a kan shellfish da soya na kifi. Daga cikin su, cin abinci da cin larvae na nau'in halittu suna da yaduwa.
Kiwo
Lokacin damuna yana farawa a farkon lokacin bazara, kuma a kudu na kewayon riga a cikin rabin na biyu na Disamba, lokacin da jikin ruwan ke cike da ruwan sama. A cikin tsaunuka, suna yin kwanciyar hankali har zuwa farkon watan Yuni.
'Yan Amfibiyya suna shirye don haihuwar su daina haihuwa ne da kuma tara ruwa a cikin babban rukuni, a ciki ana samun yawancin mutane kusan 50. Suna yawon kan juna, suna tura iska da ruwa cikin ruwa sosai har sai an rufe shi da kumfa. Irin waɗannan wasannin gama-gari suna farantawa mata gwiwa da tilasta musu su ɗauki maniyyi na maza tare da cesspools.
Dabbar ta hanyar canji yakan faru ne a cikin yanayin ruwa tare da farkon duhu.
A wasu wuraren bushewa inda mai ba da lafiyayyen tumbi ya kasa samun ruwa, suna sa ƙwayayensu a cikin matsanancin bushewar puddles. Ci gaban su ya fara ne bayan an fara ruwan sama na kaka.
Matar yawanci tana sanya ƙwai akan dutse, daskararren itace ko ganyayyaki masu tsire-tsire waɗanda ke kusa da ƙasan. Tsarin su na faruwa kwanaki kadan bayan hadi cikin bature da yakai 200 zuwa 1000.
Bayanin mako biyu da yawa. Matsakaicin metamorphosis ya bambanta sosai da yanayin muhalli kuma yana ɗaukar makonni 10 a cikin dumi kuma har zuwa shekara guda a cikin ruwan sanyi. Bayan da ya kai tsawon jikin sa na kusan 8-9 cm, ambasomomi sun wuce zuwa wanzuwar ƙasa.
Wasu larvae kasance a cikin larval mataki na ci gaba, riƙe su kwayoyi kuma kada ku je ban kasa. Mafi yawan lokuta ana lura da wannan a cikin jikin ruwa mai zurfi da sanyi. Dabbobin da suka rage a mataki na tsintsin neotenic ana kiranta axolotl.
Ana iya kiyaye waɗannan amphibians a cikin ƙananan rukuni a cikin akwatin kifaye. Don mutane uku, ana buƙatar ƙara girman 100x40x40 cm.
Ana sanya cakuda kasar gona da peat ko kwakwa mai kwakwa a ƙasa, kuma an sanya moss ɗin sphagnum a saman. Thicknessarancin kauri na Layer ya zama aƙalla cm 10. Salamanders suna son tono a cikin ƙasa ko ɓoye a cikin mafaka, sabili da haka, an shigar da kayan masarufi ko kayan filastik azaman mafaka a gare su.
Yana da matuƙar mahimmanci a sami jirgin ruwa mai ruwa a cikin farfajiyar don sanya fata da ɗaukar wanka. Ambistomes suna fara aiwatar da tsarin ruwa lokacin da iska ta rage. Don kula da shi sau biyu a mako, wajibi ne don fesa ganuwar kuma yin gurbin ruwa.
A lokacin rana, ana kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a 21 ° -24 ° C, kuma a saukar da shi zuwa 17 ° -20 ° C da dare. Don haske, ana amfani da fitilun mai kyalli.
An ciyar da dabbobi da tsutsotsi, tarkoki, kifin akwatin kifaye, crickets da tadpoles. Esarancin yanka na farin naman maraƙi ko kaji ana ciyar da su lokaci-lokaci. Ana ciyar da dabbobi da yara a kowace rana, kuma manya bayan kwanaki 2-3.
Bayanin
Tsawon jikin mutum yayi daga 17 zuwa 33 cm. Jiki yana da nauyi. A matsayinka na mai mulki, maza sun fi maza girma. Suna da dogon wutsiya da aka matsa akan tarnaƙi da kafafun elongated. Mata suna da guntun ƙafafu. An kama samfuran mafi girma a Colorado.
Babban kai yana ƙare da ƙyalli mai zagaye kuma an raba shi da wuyan wuyansa. Idanun suna girgiza, matsakaici mai tsayi.
Launi ya bambanta da koren zaitun zuwa launin ruwan hoda ko baƙar fata a launi tare da launin rawaya da ratsi. Bangaren ventral shine mafi yawan lokuta launin rawaya ko kore.
Larvae mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi ko zaitun-kore mai duhu tare da duhu duhu da kuma ratsi mai tsayi. A ciki ne ya fi kyau. Yayin da kake girma, launi ya zama duhu.
Tsawon rayuwa a cikin daji kusan shekaru 16 ne. A cikin zaman talala, tare da kyakkyawan kulawa, tiger ambistoma yana rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 25.
Habitat don Tiger hound
Salamanders na Tiger sun zama ruwan dare gama gari: a cikin dazuzzukan daji, hamada, jeji, makiyaya, filaye, makiyaya, a tsaunuka, a wuraren buɗe ƙorafi kuma da wuya a cikin magudanun ruwa. Ambistomes suna cikin ruwa: fadama, tafkuna da sauran jikin ruwa na dindindin.
Tiger ambistoma (Ambystoma tigrinum).
Tiger Ambisto na rayuwa
Waɗannan dabbobi ba na zamantakewa ba ne, ban da lokacin kiwo. Masu wuce gona da iri suna yin awoyi a hasken rana a cikin manyan mayuka, a karkashin duwatsun, snags, da sauran mafaka, kuma da dare sukan fara farauta. Idan babu mafaka mai kyau, to, salamander tiger ya sami damar tono rami a kansa.
Salamanders sun gwammace wurare masu laushi, saboda haka ba sa motsawa nesa da jikin ruwa. A watan Oktoba, hibernator yana fara wintering, wanda suke kashewa a cikin burrs of rodents.
Sakamakon kasancewar glandon gland (Pineal gland gland), wanda yake a bayan idanun, salamanders mai ƙyalli suna da kyau sosai a sarari.
Salamanders suna ƙoƙarin gujewa buɗe sararin samaniya da rana.
Abokan wadannan amintattun sune mallaka, rakoka da tsuntsaye, ƙwalla da cin naman alade suna cinye su.
Lokacin da abokan gaba suka kusanci, damis salamander ya ɗauki matsayin kariya: yana lanƙwasa jiki a cikin baka, ya ɗaga wutsiyarsa, kuma yana fara juyawa daga wannan gefe zuwa gefe. Lokacin da salamander yayi motsi na oscillatory, ana fitar da toxin madara daga wutsiya, wanda ya shiga gaban abokan gaba. Amma wasu masu farautar, duk da wannan guba, suna jagorantar nasarar farauta akan salamanders. Misali, an zubarda raccoon tare da masu tsintsiya a cikin laka har sai babu wani guba da zai rage a jikin fatar.
Tsawon rayuwar wadannan amintattun mutane kusan shekaru 20 ne.
Abincin abincin damutis na damisa
Sartan tiger zai iya cin abin farauta, wanda shine sashi na 5 na tsayin kansa. Bakin ciki na ambistoma yana da girman santimita 9-10, kuma 30-60 wadanda abin ya shafa na iya kasancewa a ciki.
Sakamakon kasancewar glandon gland (Pineal gland gland), wanda yake a bayan idanun, salamanders mai ƙyalli suna da kyau sosai a sarari.
Salamanders suna farauta tare da taimakon wari, kuma suna kaiwa hari ba kawai motsi ganima ba, har ma da lalata. Lokacin da wanda aka kashe ta yi kusanci da bakin ciki, sai ta ɗaga babban muƙamuƙin ta kuma kama ganima da harshenta, tana jan ta a bakin ta. Mutane manya da larvae suna cin dukiyar da ta kama kaɗan kaɗan da kansu: mollus, tsutsotsi, da sauran hanyoyin karkara.
Amfanin da lamuran damfara mai kwarin gwiwa
Manyan larva a wasu lokuta suna cutar da kamun kifi, saboda suna iya cin ƙananan kifaye, amma idan aka kwatanta da nau'in kifayen da ke iya yanke hukunci, lalacewar daga gare su akwai kaɗan. Tsarin masarauta na Tiger suna da amfani saboda sun lalata nau'ikan kwari masu cutarwa.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.
Habitat
Wannan 'yar gaɓar harshen amurka tana rayuwa a cikin Amurka, Kanada (kudu da ƙasar) da kuma a arewacin Mexico. Salamander mai ruwan sanyi ba mai shayi bane, yana da kyau a kusan dukkanin yankuna na zahiri. Ana iya samunsa a cikin hamada da hamada, a cikin dazuzzukan daji masu daɗi da ciyawa, cikin ciyayi da filaye. Amma! Conditionaya daga cikin mahimman mahimmancin mata shine kasancewar wani kandami kusa da ita. An zaɓi fifiko don yashin ƙasa mai yashi.
Bayyanar
Tsawon jikin mutum shine 27 - 33 cm, wanda 14 - 17 cm wutsiya ne. Launi na salamander launin ruwan kasa, yana da rawaya mai launin rawaya da aibobi da suka bazu ko'ina cikin jiki. Ciki ciki yayi sauki. Kowane ɗayan yana da nasa tsarin kuma inuwa mai launi. Jikin yayi yawa, kai-da-kai. Yatsun yatsu hudu a kan goshin, biyar a hanun mahaifa. Ba ta da amo. Tana iya buɗe bakin ta baki ɗaya, yayin da ta jingina ga wanda aka azabtar da harshen harshe.
Abokan gaba
Salamander tiger yana da matsaloli da yawa, waɗannan sune raccoon, mallaki, tsuntsaye. Amma jaruntakar tamu ta na iya kare kanta ba da tsoro ba. Lokacin da ta kai mata hari, sai ta durƙusa jikin a baka, ta ɗaga wutsiyarta kuma ta watsa shi daga gefe zuwa gefe. Wani toxin yana zubowa daga shi. A cikin yaƙin, guba ya faɗi akan mai laifin. Misali, ɗan rakeon, alal misali, dabba mai wayo, ya mirgine salamander a ƙasa, ta haka zai kawar da guba daga ciki. Saɗan bijim da kifi suna cin caviar da lardin salamander.
Tsawon rayuwa
A cikin daji, tiger salamander yana zaune tsawon shekaru 20.
Wasu sunaye: gabas damis salamander, tiger ambistoma.
- Class - Amphibians
- Squad - Ba a Ganawa ba
- Iyali - Ambistomy
- Rod - Tiger Salamander
- Duba - Tiger Salamander