A duniyarmu, mutane da yawa suna tunani, kamar yadda Louis XV ya ce: "Bayan ni, aƙalla ambaliyar ruwa." Basa son yin hisabi tare da ka'idojin yanayin kasa. A sakamakon wannan, da yawa jinsunan dabbobi, tsuntsaye fara mutu fitar.

Baya ga Red, akwai Littafin Baƙin Baki na dabbobi. Jerin da hotunan wadancan wakilan fauna da aka yi barazanar rushewa kuma yanzu suna karkashin kariyar suna cikin littafin farko. A cikin Baki - ya kawo wannan halittar mai rai wanda ya ɓace har abada daga fuskar duniya.

Littafin baƙar fata mai ɗora dabbobi yana birgima tare da bayanin ƙididdiga: a shekaru sama da ɗari biyar da suka gabata, rayayyun halittu 844 sun mutu a duniya.

Menene littafin baƙar fata

Wannan littafin ya fara ne a shekara ta 1500. Dukkanin nau'o'in halittu sun faru, wanda al'ummomin gine-gine da zane-zane, labarai da kuma sha'awar matafiya suka tabbatar.

Tarin ya hada da sunayen dabbobi, tsirrai, wanda duniya ba za ta sake ganin sa ba. Yawancinsu sun mutu a hannun mutum kuma sun bace ta hanyar laifofinsa. Wasu baza su iya yin amfani da sabbin dokokin rayuwa ba, sun dace da yanayin rayuwa.

Tun da littafin ya kasance kusan rabin karni, yanzu yana da matukar wahala a fahimci waɗanne dabbobi ne suka ɓace. A irin wannan yanayi, bincike daga masana ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi, masana tarihi, da masu ba da labari sun taimaka. Sun yi amfani da bayanai daga bayanan cikin littattafai, rami (ƙasusuwa cikin ƙasa). Daga waɗannan bayanan, yana yiwuwa a ƙayyade daidai lokacin da jinsin dabbobi da tsirrai suka wanzu akan sararin duniya.

Steller Cormorant

Wannan babban tsuntsu zai iya yin amfani da kusancin nisa yayin da yake cikin gudu. M, har yanzu an dauke shi da rashin saurin tashi. Yankin da aka yi la'akari da shi shine Islands Islands. An jefa launin fuka-fukai tare da farin ƙarfe mai haske.

Dangane da abubuwan lura, tsuntsu ne mai saukin kai, an daɗe yana wani wuri. Na ci mafi yawan kifi.

Transcaucasian Tiger

Habitat - Yankin Asiya ta Tsakiya da duwatsun Caucasus. Ya bambanta da jinsunan tsuntsayen da aka saba, wakilin wannan aji ya mallaki wani mayafi mai launin ja. Lokacin da suka gan shi, sai suka kamanta shi da wata wuta mai zafi. Kuma tube, ya yi akasin haka, an bambanta ta da launin ruwan kasa.

Anyi nazari sosai. Babu bayanai kaɗan game da shi saboda mazaunin ɓoyewa, kazalika da matsaloli a ƙoƙarin nemansa.

Fokland fox

'Yar kyarkeci-wolf tayi karanci. An yi la'akari da mazauninta na musamman tsibirin Falkland, wanda daga ita aka karɓi wannan suna. Ya ciyar da yafi tsuntsayen, qwai da fataucin.

Lokacin da mutane suka fara binciken tsibiran, an harbi wannan nau'in dawakai. Bayan haka, an lalata yawan jama'ar gaba ɗaya.

Carolina Parrot

Wannan aku ya zama wanda aka kama da Turawan mulkin mallaka na Turai na Arewacin Amurka. Tsawonsa ya kai cm 32. Shugaban tsuntsu ya yi ja ja, jikinsa kuwa kore ne. A aku ya lalatar da 'ya'yan itace itatuwa, sabili da haka kare. Lokaci na ƙarshe da aka ga akuyar Carolingian a cikin 1926, kuma a cikin 1939 an amince da shi a matsayin wani nau'in halitta mai ƙarewa.

Dodo

A zahiri, Dodovites cikakkiyar sifa ce ta iyalin tattabara, ta ƙunshi nau'i biyu. Wadannan tsuntsayen marasa tashi, wadanda kuma ake kira Dodo, suna zaune ne a tsibirin Mascarene, kusa da gabar gabashin Afirka. Matsakaicin dodo ya yi kama da girmansa zuwa silan. Masu jiragen ruwa na Turai sun lalata su - Fotigal da Yaren mutanen Holland, waɗanda suke da taimakonsu sun sake cike wadatattun kayayyaki a kan jiragen ruwa. Gaskiyar ita ce farautar dodoes ya kasance mai sauƙin gaske - duk abin da ake buƙata shine kusanci tsuntsun nan ya buge shi da sanda a kai.

Saniya Steller

Dabbobin teku, wanda kuma aka sani da sarakuna, sune masanan kimiyar kimiyar kimiya na kasa da kasa Vitus Bering suka fara bayyana a shekarar 1741 Kodayake, wannan nau'in ya rayu ne kusa da tsibirin Kwamandan. Girman kabeji ɗaya zai iya kaiwa tan 5, yayin da suke iyoɗa a hankali kuma sun kasance mai sauƙin ganima ga masu jirgin ruwa. Sakamakon haka, ya zuwa 1768, ɓarnar Steller ta ƙare.

Kurciya mai wucewa

Biliyoyin waɗannan purtons sun taɓa zama a Arewacin Amurka. Sun kai wa 'yan mulkin mallaka hari, kamar fara. Wannan ya tsokani mutane ga gwagwarmayar warwarewa tare da tsuntsu, musamman tunda naman sa na da dadi sosai. An shirya gasa farauta ta tattabara. An harbe garken ciyayi na kwari a kan garken da ke tashi, sakamakon wanda ruwan sama na gaske ya faɗi daga matattun pigeons. Wasu lokuta harda sukanyi amfani da bindiga na mashin don farauta. Sakamakon haka, ya kasance a ƙarshen karni na XIX. jinsunan kusan kusan sun lalace, kuma mutum na ƙarshe ya mutu a gidan dabbobi a shekara ta 1914.

Kararren baƙar fata

Wani wanda aka kama da mulkin mallaka a Arewacin Amurka wani karamin tsuntsu ne, wanda yayi kama da tsibirin zamani. Heather black grouse ta yi rayuwa a arewa maso gabashin Amurka. Masu mulkin mallaka sun kawo ƙwayoyin cuta masu haɗari daga Turai, wanda kusan ya lalata rigar baƙar fata. A ƙarshen karni na XIX, an kafa ajiyar wurare a tsibirin Martas-Vinyard, inda mutane suka yi ƙoƙarin tseratar da yawan wannan dabbar. Koyaya, gobarar daji, har da wasu masu tsananin sanyi, sunyi wannan yunƙurin ne a banza, kuma a cikin 1932 na ƙarshe na heather grouse ya mutu.

Quagga

Wannan doki ya kasance dangi na kusa da zebra. Suna da launin taguwa a kai da gaban jiki. A bayan dokin ya kasance launin ruwan kasa, ƙafafu kuwa farare ne. Yan Quaggis suna zaune ne a Afirka ta Kudu, yayin da mazauna garin suka mallake su kuma suka taimaka musu wajen kare garken tumakin. Koyaya, Boers, wato, Turawan mulkin mallaka na Turai, suka fara farautar dawakai, a sanadiyyar hakan ya zama sanadin halakarsu a shekarar 1883. Wannan shine kadai nau'in halittar da mutane suka yiwa tarko.

Layi mara waya

Wannan kuma wani tsuntsu ne mai tashi mai tashi wanda ya zama abin farautar ɗan adam. Ta rayu a tsibiran da ke Arewacin Atlantika kuma ta shafe yawancin rayuwarta a cikin ruwa. A waje, duwatsun suna kama da penguins na zamani da ducks. Mutane suna farautar tsuntsaye sama da shekaru dubu 100, kuma a farkon karni na XVI. wannan ya haifar da raguwa sosai a yawan adadin mayuka. Tuni a ƙarshen karni na XVIII. An dauki nau'in a karkashin kariyar masana kimiyya, amma har yanzu masu iya cutar ba su iya halakar da ita ba. An kashe dabbar da ba ta da ƙima a cikin 1844 a jikin ƙungiyar Eldei kusa da Iceland.

Wannan nau'in bijimai sun taɓa zama a cikin yanki mai ɗorewa daga Portugal zuwa Koriya. Dabbobin, wanda kuma ana kiranta "saƙar daji", yana da tsayi har zuwa 180 cm da nauyin 800 kg. Maza sun kasance baƙi, mata kuma masu launin ja. A cikin Afirka da Gabas ta Tsakiya, an kawar da ziyarar tun kafin BC. e., kuma a cikin Turai, ƙarshenta ya kasance yana da alaƙa da lalatawar dabbobi a cikin karni na VIII-XII. Bulanyan dabbobin da suka fi dadewa suna zaune a Poland, inda suke ƙarƙashin kariyar ƙasa. A shekara ta 1627, tafiya ta ƙarshe ta mutu a ƙauyen Yaktovur, wanda ke da nisan mil 50 daga Warsaw.

Karafarini

Paleopropithecus shine asalin halittu na birai, wanda ya haɗa nau'ikan 3. Sun zauna a tsibirin Madagascar. Daga cikin dabbobin zamani, paleopithecies sune mafi kusanci ga masu siyarwa, amma sun kasance sun kasance mafi wahala. Yawan su ya kai kilogiram 60, yayin da lemurs basa yin nauyi sama da kilo 10. A lokaci guda, suka ɓata kusan rayuwarsu a kan itatuwa. Paleopropithecus ya mutu kusan karni na 15. saboda farauta daga Abzinawa. Abin lura ne cewa wannan shine ɗayan fewyan halittun da lalacewarsu ba ta da alaƙa da mulkin mallaka na Turai.

Giant fossa

Wannan dabba ita ma ta zauna a Madagascar. A waje, fossa yayi kama da cougar kuma ya jagoranci rayuwa iri ɗaya. Manyan burbushin halittu suna farauta don dammar burbushin halittu. Thearfin paleopropithecus ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa Fosses sun rasa abincinsu, a sakamakon wanda su kansu suka ɓace bayan shekaru da yawa.

Bison Caucasian

Hakanan an san shi da "dombai". A da, bison Caucasian ya rayu a yankuna masu yawa na Kudancin Caucasus da Iran, amma ta tsakiyar karni na XIX. sun hadu ne kawai a Kuban. Ya zuwa 1920, an rage yawan mutanen Dombay zuwa mutane 500, kuma tuni a cikin 1927 malamin cocin ya lalata na ƙarshensu kusa da Dutsen Alous. Wannan nau'in ya bambanta da bison talakawa tare da gashin gashi, da takamaiman tsarin ƙaho.

Tiger Tiger

Wannan magabacin ya rayu a gabar tekun kudu na Tekun Caspian, a Transcaucasia da tsakiyar Asiya. An rarrabe shi ta musamman launuka launin ruwan kasa, da kuma gashin baki mai girma. A cikin girman, ya kasance tsakanin ƙarami Amur da Tiger Bengal mafi girma. An rarrabe mai ƙaddara ta da ƙarfin tafiya har zuwa kilomita 100 a kowace rana. Taron ƙarshe na mutum da damisa ya koma 1954. An yi imanin cewa ya mutu saboda narkar da Asiya ta Tsakiya ta masarautar Rasha da USSR, sakamakon ayyukansu, yawan adadin dabbobin da keɓaɓɓun dabbobin daji ya ragu, kuma ƙarshen yana aiki a matsayin tushen abinci don dammar.

Zakin Turai

Abin banmamaki, har ma a zamanin tsohuwar Romawa, ba Wolves kawai ba, har ma zaki ya yi tafiya akan gandun daji na Turai! An haɗu a Faransa, Italiya, da Balkans. An kiyaye ƙwaƙwalwar wannan nau'in a cikin bayanin farkon Heracles, wanda shine kisan zaki a kusa da garin Nemea. An lalata ƙarshen zaki na Turai a cikin 100 AD e.

Tarpan

Ofaya daga cikin magabatan dawakan zamani ya kasance tarif. Ya rayu a Gabashin Turai, Rasha, Kazakhstan. Ana bambanta nau'ikan gandun daji da ƙyallen rarar ruwa. Tsawon jikinsu bai wuce 150 cm ba, kuma tsayinsa ya kai cm 136. An lalata tarwataccen gandun dajin kusa da Kaliningrad a 1814. A cikin daji, an samo tsararren tsalle-tsalle har zuwa 1879, kuma mutum na ƙarshe ya mutu a Zoo na Moscow a cikin 1918.

Tsarin nau'in halitta mai ban sha'awa

Mafi sau da yawa, nau'ikan halittu masu ban sha'awa suna fallasa su, wanda ya daɗe yana wanzu cikin takamaiman yanayi cikin keɓancewa. Irin wannan nau'in ba su da abokan gaba na dabi'a da kuma rasa na'urorin kariya, gami da halayen halaye, tsuntsaye kuma sun rasa ikon tashi. Dalilin hallakar irin wannan nau'in ba zai iya zama kai tsaye ba, amma tasirin ɗan adam kai tsaye - alal misali, dabbobi sun gabatar da ganganci ko kuma da gangan ta hanyar mutane (kuliyoyi, karnuka, sauran mafarauta, bera), ko canji, kuma mafi sauƙin halakar yanayin halayen halitta (mazaunan nau'in halitta) don buƙatu noma, gini, masana'antu da sauran manufofi.

Orange baki

An gano wannan nau'in yatsun toads ne kawai a shekarar 1966. Tana zaune da iyaka sosai a cikin gandun daji na Costa Rica tare da yankin da baikai muraba'in 8 ba. km Lokaci na ƙarshe da suka ga ƙwayar ruwan lemo shine a cikin 1989. Sanadin lalata su shine fari mai yawa a cikin Costa Rica a cikin 1987-1988. Cutar kwayar cuta da ke haifar da ƙwayar naman gwari na iya shafar nau'in. Wani launi mai kama da ruwan zaki ya bambanta da launi, kuma tsawon jikinsa bai wuce mm 60 ba.

Kawo daga 1500 zuwa 1599

• Plagiodontia ipnaeum - inarfin ƙetare na dangin Houtiya, waɗanda aka samo a cikin Jamhuriyar Dominican da Haiti. Yanayin wurin da dabbar ta kasance ba tsayayyun ciyawa ne da kuma dazuzzukan ruwa na wurare masu zafi. Abinda aka ambata na ƙarshe yana nufin tsawon 1536-1546.
• Quemisia gravis - mai ƙarfi daga cikin iyali Heptaxodontidae (Turanci) Rashanci. . A baya can an hadu a Jamhuriyar Dominica da Haiti. Abinda aka ambata na ƙarshe yana nufin tsawon 1536-1546. Dalilin hallakaswa shine lalatattun mazaunin gida.
• Noronhomys vespuccii (Turanci) Rashanci - inaramar da ta rayu akan Fernando di Noronha tarin tsibiri. Da aka ambata an lalace saboda gabatarwar berayen berayen zuwa tsibiran daga jiragen ruwa na Amerigo Vespucci, waɗanda ke mamaye tsabtar muhalli na ɗakin shinkafa. Abinda aka ambata na ƙarshe ya dawo zuwa 1503.
• Nycticorax olsoni (Turanci) Rashanci - wani tsuntsu na daren heron da ya rayu a Tsibirin Ascension, ƙarshen ambaton ya koma zuwa 1555 bisa ga wasu kafofin kuma zuwa 1502 a cewar wasu.

Kawo daga 1600 zuwa 1699

• Kankarancin katako na Nyctanassa - wani nau'in herons da ya ragu wanda ya rayu a Bermuda. An bayyana wannan a cikin 2006 daga ragowar S. L. Olson da D. B. Wingate. . Bayani na ƙarshe ya gabata har zuwa 1623.
• Cowgirl Debua (lat. Nesotrochis debooyi) - wani nau'in tsuntsu ne da ya rayu a Cuba. Bayani na ƙarshe ya gabata har zuwa 1625.

Abingdon giwa maroki

Wannan ƙananan kunkuru ya haɗa da sanannen Lone George - mutum wanda ya zauna a cikin ajiyar kaya a tsibirin Santa Cruz. Shekaru da yawa, masana kimiyya sun yi ƙoƙari su sami zuriya daga George don adana nau'in haɗari, amma a shekara ta 2012, kunkuru, wanda tuni ya kai shekaru 100, ya mutu. Abubuwan da giwayen Abingdon suka kasance sun bambanta da gatan wata sila da ke da nau'ikan siriri. Sun zama sanadin lalacewa saboda yaduwar awaki na gida a tsibirin - kawai sun ci kusan ciyawar kuma suna hana kunkuru kunkuru.

Maƙiyar Marsupial

Wannan kerket ɗin ya rayu a Ostiraliya kuma an rarrabe shi da ratsi a bayan sa. A waje, ya yi kama da kare kuma yana da nauyin kilogram 25. Tsawon ƙyallen ya kasance cm 100-130. Daga cikin dukkanin lalatattun dabbobi, wannan nau'in ya fi girma. Taron farko na Turawa tare da kyarkeci ya faru a cikin 1792, kuma har ma a lokacin masu hasashen za su kasance a ƙarshen ƙarewa. Tun lokacin da kyarkeken dutsen ya fara yin farauta, makiyaya daga Australia sun fara harbi da shi. Bugu da kari, a farkon karni na XX. sai suka kamu da cutar kare. Sakamakon haka, a cikin 1938, mutumin da aka sani na ƙarshe ya mutu a cikin gidan dabbobi. Koyaya, masana kimiyya suna fatan har yanzu karnukan wolf da yawa suna zaune a tsibirin Tasmania.

Siffar Kifayen Caribbean

Tsawon jikin waɗannan tambarin ya kai 2.4 m, adadinsu ya kai kilo 270. Sun rayu a Karibiyawa da Gaban Mexico. Seals sun fi son rayuwa a cikin manyan rukunoni na 20-40 dabbobi kuma sun ciyar da mafi yawan rana suna shakatawa a kan rairayin bakin teku masu yashi. Yawan jinsunan sun ci kifi. Sakamakon ci gaban masana'antu a yankin (musamman, saboda zubar da mai), hatimun dodannin Caribbean sun ƙare daga 1952.

Rhino bakar fata na yamma

A zahiri, waɗannan dabbobin ba sa bambanta da launin baƙar fata. Fatar su launin toka ne, amma rhinos sun sami launi sosai na kasar da suka ciyar da lokacinsu. Yawan mutane shine tan 2.2, kuma tsawon sa ya kai 3.15 m. Kakakin na iya samun tsawon cm 60 - wannan ya fi karfin kahon sauran nau'in rhino. Komawa a cikin karni na XIX. babu wani abin da ke barazana ga yawan rhinos na bakaken fata na yamma, duk da haka, mulkin mallaka na Afirka ya haifar da raguwar lambobi. Tuni a cikin 1930, an dauki nauyin wannan dokar ta hanyar kariya, amma masu ba da fata sun ci gaba da farauta. Sakamakon haka, a cikin 2013 an sanar da cewa sun daina.

Formosa Smoky Leopard

Mazaunin musamman na Taiwan (daya daga cikin sunayen wannan tsibirin shi ne Formosa). Damisa ta zauna akan bishiyoyi, amma yawanta bai wuce kilo 20 ba. Ga mutanen yankin Aboriginal, kisan damisa an ɗauka a matsayin ainihin gaske, ana amfani da fatar fatar a cikin bukukuwan addini. Harkar masana'antar tsibirin da kuma ciyawar daji ta sa mai yanke hukunci ya shiga cikin tsaunuka. A karo na ƙarshe da aka ga damisa ta Formosa a 1983.

Kasar Mexico ta dauki nauyi

Daya daga cikin manyan bear wanda ya rayu a duniya. Abun yatsun sa a jikinsa na iya samun tsawon har zuwa 80 mm. Ya bambanta ta da ƙananan kunnuwa. Girkiyoyin Mexico suna zaune a cikin yankin daga Arizona (Amurka) har zuwa jihohin Durango da Coahuila, waɗanda ke cikin Mexico. An lalata nau'in saboda farauta da haɓaka sabbin yankuna daga mutane, a dalilin haka bears ɗin ba shi da wurin zama. Gwamnatin Mexico ta hana farautarsu ne kawai a 1959, amma a shekaru goma masu zuwa jinsunan sun lalace gaba daya.

Dabbar dolfin lake ta kasar Sin

Ba wai kawai a cikin tafkuna ba, har ma a cikin koguna. An gano waɗannan dabbobin a cikin 1918 a cikin Dongting Lake. Kowane ɗayan wannan nau'in yana da launin shuɗi mai haske da farin ciki. Rabin dabbar dolphin daya zai iya kaiwa kilogram 167. Muhimmin fasali na wadannan dabbobin ruwa bashi da hangen nesa kadan. A shekara ta 2006, masana kimiyya sun kasa gano jinsin a mazaunin sa, kuma a shekarar 2017 ne aka ayyana shi ya mutu.

Matakan kangaroo

Wannan sandar ta rayu ne a Kudancin Ostireliya. Tsawon jikinsa ya kai cm 25, kuma wutsiyar tana iya da tsawon cm 37. nauyin mutum shine 0.63-1.06 kg. A karon farko, wadannan dabbobin, wadanda kuma aka sani da suna kanlogin kanlog, an bayyana su ne a cikin 1843. Lokaci na gaba da akayi rikodin wani yanki mai karfi a shekarar 1931. Wannan yana nuna cewa jinsin yana gab da lalacewa ba tare da “taimakon” mutum ba. Lastarshe na ƙarshe da aka lura da bera kangaroo an ƙaddara shi ne 1935.

Sauran Dabbobin Litattafan Bakar fata

Moa tsuntsu

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Babban tsuntsu, mai tsayin mita 3.5, wanda ya rayu a New Zealand. Moa cikakke ne, wanda akwai nau'ikan 9. Dukkanin su 'yan tsire-tsire ne kuma suna ci ganye,' ya'yan itatuwa, da kuma tsiran bishiyoyi. A hukumance aka ƙaddamar da su a cikin 1500s, amma, babu tabbataccen shaida game da haɗuwa da tsuntsayen mutane a farkon ƙarni na 19.

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Layi mara waya

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Tsuntsu mara tashi, taro na ƙarshe wanda aka rubuta a tsakiyar karni na 19. Matsayi na yau da kullun - dutsen da ba a iya samun nasara a tsibirin. Tushen abinci mai gina jiki ga mala'iku marasa ƙarfi shine kifi. Tastean adam ya halaka gabaɗaya saboda ɗanɗano da ya sha.

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Kurciya mai wucewa

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Wakilin dangin pigeon, wanda ake nuna shi da iya yin roostings akan nesa mai nisa. Kurciya mai yawo shine tsuntsu na zamantakewa da aka riƙe cikin fakitoci. Yawan mutane a cikin garken guda daya sunada yawa. Gabaɗaya, jimlar waɗannan purtons a cikin mafi kyawun lokuta ya sa ya yiwu a ba su matsayin ɗan tsuntsaye da ya fi kowa duniya.

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Hatimin Caribbean

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Alama tare da tsawon jikin mutum har zuwa mita 2.5. Launi - launin ruwan kasa da launin toka mai launin toka. Wurin zama mazaunin gari shine yashi a bakin Tekun Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, da Bahamas. Babban sashin abincin shine kifi.

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Worcester mai kyau

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Karamin tsuntsu wanda yayi kama da quail. An rarraba shi sosai a ƙasashen Asiya. Matsakaicin mazaunin wuri ne a sarari tare da wurare masu tsayi ko gefunan daji. Tana da rayuwa ta sirri da sirrin rayuwa.

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Maƙiyar Marsupial

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Dabba dabba a cikin Ostiraliya. Anyi la'akari da mafi girma na marsupial predators. Maarfin maɗaukakiyar wolf, saboda dalilai iri daban-daban, ya ragu sosai har da akwai dalilin ɗauka cewa an gama kawar. Koyaya, akwai ingantattun hujjoji na zamani game da haɗuwa da mutane.

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Kamaru bakar fata

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Babban dabba ne mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi wanda yake da nauyin jiki har zuwa tan 2.5. Matsayi na yau da kullun shine savannah na Afirka. Adadin bakin rhino baki yana raguwa, ɗayan kuɗaɗen wakilcin hukuma a hukumance sun ƙare a 2013.

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Rodriguez Parrot

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Tsuntsu mai haske daga tsibirin Mascarene. Akwai kadan bayanai game da shi. Kawai launuka masu launin ja-kore da gashin baki da yawa an san su. A labarin, yana da tallafin da ya rayu a tsibirin na Mauritius. A halin yanzu, babu wani wakili guda ɗaya na waɗannan parrots.

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Kurciya Mika

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A hukumance anyi sanarwar rushewar a farkon karni na 20. Tsuntsayen wannan nau'in sun rayu a New Guinea, suna zama tushen abinci ga jama'ar yankin. An yi imanin cewa mutuwar pigeon da aka yi garkuwa da shi ya haifar da sassaucin ra'ayi na yankuna daga yankuna.

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Kararren baƙar fata

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Wani tsuntsu mai kamun-kaji wanda ya rayu a filayen New England har zuwa shekarun 1930. Sakamakon duk wasu dalilai masu rikitarwa, yawan tsuntsayen ya ragu zuwa matsanancin matakin. Don adana nau'in, an ƙirƙiri ajiyar abubuwa, duk da haka, gobarar daji da tsananin sanyi mai sanyin ciki ya haifar da mutuwar duk tsarukan heather.

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Fokland fox

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Xan ƙaramar da aka yi karancin karatu wanda ya rayu musamman tsibirin Falkland. Babban abincin da Fox ya kasance tsuntsaye ne, ƙwaiƙansu. A lokacin haɓaka tsibiran da mutane suka yi, an harba dawakai, a sakamakon abin da ya lalata jinsunan.

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Taiwan yana da damisa

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Wannan karamin ɗan farauta ne, mai nauyinsa kilo 20, ya ɓoye yawancin rayuwarsa akan itatuwa. Wakilin karshe na halittun da aka gani a shekarar 1983. Sanadin lalacewar shi ne ci gaban masana'antu da kuma lalata itatuwa. Wasu masana kimiyya sun yi imani da cewa a wasu wuraren mazauninsu, mutane da yawa na wannan damisa sun iya rayuwa.

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Kifin ruwan China

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Babban kifin ruwa mai tsayi har zuwa tsayin mitoci uku kuma yana nauyin kilo 300. Raba shaidar da ba a tabbatar da gaskiya ba tana magana game da mutane tsawon mita bakwai. Paddlefish yana zama a Kogin Yangtze, lokaci-lokaci yana iyo a Kogin Rawaya. A yanzu, babu wani wakili mai rai game da wannan nau'in da aka sani.

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Kasar Mexico ta dauki nauyi

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Ofayan farin bera ne kuma sun zauna a Amurka. Garanti na grizzly babban bera ne mai girma wanda ke da bambancin "hump" tsakanin ruwanyun kafaɗun. Launinsa yana da ban sha'awa - gabaɗaya launin ruwan kasa, yana iya bambanta daga haske mai launin shuɗi zuwa duhu tabarau mai duhu. Anyi samfurin karshe na Chihuahua a shekarar 1960.

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Karafarini

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Halicci ne na lemurs wanda ya rayu a Madagascar. Wannan babban gado ne, wanda nauyin jikinsa ya kai kilo 60. Paleopropithecus yawanci cuta ne. Akwai zaton cewa kusan bai taɓa gangara duniya ba.

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Iberian Capricorn

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Yana zaune a Spain da Portugal. A da can ta yaɗu ko'ina a cikin Gabar Iberian, duk da haka, sakamakon farauta, yawan nau'in ya ragu zuwa mahimmanci mai mahimmanci. Yanzu an samo shi a tsaunin sama da mita 3,500 sama da matakin teku.

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Dabbar dolfin kogin kasar Sin

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Kamar yadda aka gano wani nau'in dan lokaci kadan - a 1918. Wurin zama mazaunin koguna na kogin Yangtze da na Qiantang. Ana kwatanta shi da rashin ƙarfin gani da kuma kayan aiki na ci gaba. An bayyana dabbar Dolphin a shekara ta 2017. Kokarin kokarin gano mutanen da suka tsira ba su yi nasara ba.

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Karin

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Tsuntsu mara tashi wanda ya rayu a Madagascar har zuwa tsakiyar karni na 17. A halin yanzu, masana kimiyya lokaci-lokaci suna gano ƙwai waɗannan waɗannan tsuntsayen waɗanda suka rayu har wa yau. Dangane da bincike akan DNA da aka samo daga harsashi, ana iya cewa epiornis shine asalin magabacin tsuntsun kiwi na zamani, wanda, duk da haka, yafi ƙanƙanta.

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Tigen balinese

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Wannan damisa ta kasance mai girman kai sosai. Tsawon fur ɗin ya fi guntu da na sauran wakilan damƙan. A launi da gashi ne classic, orange mai haske tare da ratsi na baki ratsi. An harbe bindiga na Balinese na karshe a cikin 1937.

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Holographic Kangaroo

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Wannan dabbar tana kama da bera, ga dangin da take ciki. Babban kangaroo ya zauna a Australia. Wata karamar dabba ce mai dauke da nauyin kilogram daya kacal. Ya kasance mafi yawan gama gari akan filayen tudu da yashi tare da wajabta kasancewar itace mai yawa.

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Barbary zaki

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Wannan rakodin zakuna ya bazu sosai a Arewacin Afirka. Ya bambanta ta da matsanancin murfin duhu mai duhu da kuma jiki mai ƙarfi. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan zaki a cikin tarihin zamani na nazarin dabbobi.

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Kammalawa

A yawancin halaye, ana iya hana mutuwar fauna. Dangane da kididdigar matsakaita, nau'ikan dabbobi ko tsiro suna mutuwa kowace rana a doron kasa. A wasu halayen, wannan na faruwa ne ta hanyar halittar da ake samu a tsarin juyin halitta. Amma mafi yawan lokuta ayyukan annabta mutum yakan kai ga lalacewa. Matsayi mai hankali kawai ga yanayin zai taimaka dakatar da fadada Littafin Baƙin Baki.

Da kaina, na yi matukar nadama da irin nau'ikan nau'ikan dabbobi da ke iri. Ina son yin godiya sau 2:
1) Masana ilimin kimiyya, saboda suna kokarin dawo da nau'in halittu da suke kokarin yiwa mutane bayani game da dabbobi da suka lalace.
2) a gare ku, saboda kun tattara bayanai game da waɗannan dabbobin kuma kun gaya wa mutane.
Akwai ɗan ƙaramin rami a cikin rubutunka: tallan da ke bayyana tsakanin sakin layi, sabili da haka wani lokacin tunanin abin da ka karanta zai ɓace. Shi ke nan.

Vsevolod, na gode da sakamakonku.

Game da tallan tallace-tallace: muna shirin rage lambarta a cikin labaran a nan gaba, amma a wannan lokacin ba za mu iya yi ba, saboda in ba haka ba zai zama da wuya a kula da albarkatun a matakin da ya dace.

Haza Wassalam,
Labari

Sanya wani Blue Aru da White Rhino….
Har yanzu na tabbata cewa halittar mafi hatsari a duniya shine mutum.
Gashin daji… farauta don nishaɗi ... farauta ... tuddai na datti ... gurɓatattun koguna ... tekuna ... teku da sararin samaniya ... halayen masu amfani ga duniyar ... Tambaya: 'yan adam suna da hakkin a kira shi KYAUTATA.

Wannan saboda mutum yana rayuwa ne don bukatunsa na almara. Wanda a zahiri ba haka bane, amma akwai wata shawara da take haifar da buƙatu.

Don haka ka yi hakuri da duk wadannan dabbobin, na tuna yadda a jiya na zaga cikin Yalta Zoo a cikin 2014 sai na ga wadannan dabbobin ruwa suna nadama mutane suna yin irin wadannan abubuwa masu kazanta😢

Sasha, karka taɓa zuwa gidan zuhudu da gidan yari

Abin jin daɗin lokacin da na fahimci koyaushe cewa mutane sun fi dabbobi kyau! Ba abin farin ciki ba ne idan ka karanta cewa wannan dabba ba ta ƙare ba, amma "an harba ta"!

Anastasia, circus - Ina goyon baya. Gidan zoo ne. A baya can, har ila yau, ya kasance cikin rarrabuwa, saboda a mafi yawan lokuta a'a, komai yana da muni .. kuma yanayin kiyayewa da yanayin dabbobi da komai, har sai da na ziyarci ɗayan kyawawan wuraren kiwon dabbobi a Turai a Poland. Hanya mabanbanta ga dabbobi, kuma a bayyane cewa sun ji daɗi a wurin. Bugu da kari, idan kun karanta labaran banda wadannan, zaku iya gano cewa yawancin jinsunan sun rayu "suna rayuwa" kawai saboda wakilinsu / yana cikin gidan zango (ban sani ba a cikin wane yanayi) lokacin da basa cikin daji. Bawai cewa zai iya kiyaye ra'ayi ba, amma dabba, kodayake na ƙarshe, ya rayu cikin aminci har ƙarshen kwanakinsa.

Na gode da duk aikin da aka yi, don bayani, amma akwai abu ɗaya amma! Littafin baƙar fata littafi ne wanda aka tattara nau'ikan halittu, kuma a cikin wannan labarin akwai wasu ƙananan, amma har yanzu nau'in dabbobi masu rai. In ba haka ba, komai cikakke ne 🙂

Na gode da labarin. Babban jikan shi ma ya tausaya wa dabbobin da aka kashe, mutum ya lalata. Ba mu mutunta mafarauta ko masu farauta ba, ba tare da halittu masu kima ba. Saboda wadannan, dabbobinmu suna mutuwa .. Haka ne, da sauran munanan sakamakon ba tare da shaye-shaye (ba tare da zuciya) halittu, kamar gandun daji, farauta da nishadi, gurbataccen koguna .. Ta farka da tawaye ga wannan duka.

Mauritius Chubat Parrot

Motocin Mauritius Chubat wani nau'in tsuntsayen manya ne na dangin parrot, wanda ke da tsibiri zuwa Mascaren tsibirin na Mauritius. Ba a san wane nau'in dangi ne mafi kusancin Chubata aku ba, amma an sanya takaddun lambar a cikin kabilar parrots na ainihi kamar sauran akuren parrots. Jinsin da ake tambaya yayi kama da akuyar Rodriguez, wanda shine mafi kusancin dangi.

Shugaban tsuntsu ya kasance babba dangane da jikin, kuma wani tsayayyen crest ya kasance a goshi. Tsuntsayen suna da babban baki, wanda yayi daidai da girman hyacinth macaw kuma yana bashi damar bude zuriya mai wuya. Subfossilia na ƙasusuwa suna nuna cewa jinsin suna da ƙarfin mutuƙar jikin mutum da kai fiye da kowane irin aku da ke rayuwa. Ba a san ainihin madaidaicin launi ba, amma bayanin zamani yana nuna cewa tsuntsu yana da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, launin toka ko baƙar fata kuma, wataƙila, jan baki. An yi imanin tsuntsu ya tashi da talauci.

Ragowar sun nuna cewa maza sun fi maza girma, a bibiran 55-55 cm da kuma 45-55 cm tsawo, kuma dukkan mazajen suna da manyan kawuna da beaks. Girman jima'i a cikin girman kwanyar maza da mata shi ne ya zama abin lura sosai tsakanin masu sauraro. Banbancin bambance-bambance a cikin kasusuwa da ragowar sassan jiki ba a bayyana shi ba, amma, tsuntsu yana da mafi yawan nuna halin jima'i a jikin mutum fiye da kowane mai rayuwa a yau. Saboda wannan fasalin, za'a iya samun bambance-bambance a girma tsakanin tsuntsaye biyu a cikin zane mai lamba 1601.

Rahoton 1602 Reyer Cornelis mafi yawanci ana fassara shi azaman kawai ma'anar zamani game da bambanci a cikin girman fararen fararen kaya, yana nuna "manyan ƙwararan Indian 'yan rakiyan tsibirin. Cikakken fassarar rubutun asalin ne kawai aka buga a 2003, kuma ya nuna cewa ba a sanya waka a cikin fassarar Turanci daidai ba, maimakon “'yan hankakan Indiya'," babba da ƙarami "ana magana da" kaji a filin ", wanda wataƙila makiyayin janhuriyar Mauritania da ƙarami sake haduwa

Red Mauritius Cowgirl

Makiyayi mai jan hankali a Mauritian ya ɓace a cikin 1700 saboda yawan kisan mutane da dabbobi da aka shigo da su. Kawai ragowar nau'in halittun suna kiyaye su, da kuma wasu hotuna masu kyau ko yawa.

Dangane da ɗayan waɗannan alkaluman, har da saƙonni daga mutanen zamani, raunin tsuntsun ya yi ja ko launin ruwan hoda mai launi-launi kuma yayi kama da gashin gashi. An samar da baki a cikin daban a cikin tsuntsaye daban-daban, a wasu an kusa cewa kai tsaye, a cikin wasu an tanƙwara.
Yana da sha'awar abubuwa masu launin ja. Hakanan, muryoyin dangi sun jawo hankalin su.

Quagga Zebra

Wannan nau'in zebra ba mai banbanci bane da na al'ada. Abinda kawai mutane suka lura da kansu, wanda kuma daga baya ya lalata waɗannan zebras, shine fatarsu mai ƙarfi, fata mai ƙarfi. Kawai saboda kyakkyawar fata, bil'adama ya lalata yawan mutanen waɗannan dabbobin, naman da galibi ake jefa shi.

Ana iya ganin zebra ta ƙarshe a zoo ta Dutch a cikin Amsterdam, inda ta mutu da kanta a ranar 12 ga Agusta, 1883.

Daga cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa da suka yaɗu a yankuna da yawa, mutum zai iya ba da sunan tarif, yawon shakatawa da quagga. Yawon shakatawa wata dabba ce ta garkuwa da mutane, da bovine, da kuma shanu. Yawon shakatawa ya zauna a cikin ƙasar Rasha, Belarus, Poland da Prussia, asali sun fi ko'ina. Saboda nama da ɓoye yanayi, sai suka farauta. Garken tumaki na ƙarshe sun kasance a cikin gandun Masovia (Poland).

A cikin 1627, mace ta ƙarshe na yawon shakatawa ta mutu a cikin wani daji kusa da Yaktorov. Yawon shakatawa babbar asara ce, mai yawan sa, amma kuma ya ɗan fi girma a ƙashin da ƙyar. Adana zane-zane tare da hotonsa da kasusuwa. Yawon shakatawa shine asalin magabatan gida na Turai. Bison da bison kusan sun sha wahala makomar yawon shakatawa, amma a zahiri a daidai lokacin da aka kubutar da waɗannan jinsunan biyu.

Martinique Macaw

Tsarin jinsin. An bayyana Martinique Macaw a cikin 1905 ta W. Rothschild bisa ga ɗan gajeren bayanin kula daga karni na 17, wanda Bud a lokaci guda.

Wannan nau'in parrots sun zauna tsibirin Martinique, wanda yake a tsakiyar sashin ƙananan tsibirin Antilles na Caribbean.

An yi imani da cewa Martinique macaw, wanda yayi kama da mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, shine yawan jama'arta. Shugaban da saman jikin tsuntsun nan masu launin shuɗi ne, ciki da kuma rabin wuyan wuyan sun yi ja.

A cewar wasu majiyoyi, Rothschild, a cewar bayanan da De Rochefort ya yi, ya bayyana tsuntsaye biyu da ke zaune a tsibirin Martinique: ɗayansu yana da launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi, da baya da fikafikai da kuma jan wutsiya, ɗayan yana da gauraye mai launin jan, fari, shuɗi, shuɗi da baki launuka. Lokaci na ƙarshe da ambaton Martinique Macaw ya faru a 1640.

Frog na zinare

An samo furen zinariyar ba da daɗewa ba, a cikin 1966, amma bayan wasu 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, an rasa tabbas ga ɗan adam.Gaskiyar ita ce mazauninsu ƙaƙƙarfan fayiloli ne kuma takamaiman - gandun daji ne a kusa da Monteverde a Costa Rica, inda yawan zafin jiki da laima suke a ƙarni da yawa.

Koyaya, dumamar yanayi, sanadiyyar, menene, shine aikin ɗan adam, ya canza sigogin iska na yau da kullun. Abubuwan da jikin kwayayen zinari, suka damu da canje-canjen muhalli, basu iya tsayar da irin wannan hadaddun metamorphoses a cikin dazuzukan da suka saba ba. Rogarshen rana mafi ƙarancin zinari shine ɗan adam wanda ya maye gurbinsa a 1989.

Moa tsuntsu

A ƙarshen karni na 18, za'a iya samun manyan tsuntsayen 'yan itacen ora a cikin New Zealand, a yau an jera su a matsayin jinsin halitta, amma masu sha'awar har yanzu suna fatan samun samfuran waɗannan tsuntsayen da ke cikin tsibirin manyan tsibiri biyu. Sau ɗaya, tun kafin isowar mutane, New Zealand ainihin tsuntsu "ajiyar ƙasa", babu dabbobi masu shayarwa (jemagu ba su ƙidaya), mulkin tsuntsaye ya haɓaka kuma ya haɓaka, kuma babban giwar giwa ya haifar da haɗari ga manyan wakilansa - tsuntsun moa .

Masana ilimin kimiyya sun ce, a wani lokaci can da magabatan mutane suka yi balaguro zuwa New Zealand, suna matukar son ta, kuma rashin cikakkiyar magabatan filaye ya haifar da asara a hankali. Kwanan nan, wani gungun masana kimiyya sun ba da shawarar cewa Moa ya manta yadda ake tashi sama bayan mutuwar dinosaur, wanda hakan ya haifar musu da babbar barazana. Lizards din sun mutu, kuma ba a bukatar matse jirgin sama gaba daya. Ba su da fikafikai mara wuyan halitta.

Moa rasa fuka-fukan su kuma suna fara tafiya, suna cin ganye, 'ya'yan itatuwa, harbe da asalinsu. Kafin mutane su bayyana a tsibiran, moa ya samo asali zuwa gabobi iri iri. Baya ga giza-gizan ruwa, akwai wasu kananan halittu da basu wuce kilo 20 ba. Manyan samfuran 'yan matatun mota sun kai tsayin mita 3.5 kuma nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 250. Haka kuma, mace tayi kusan sau biyu tana nauyi kamar maza.

Sha'awar irin wannan tsuntsu mai ban sha'awa ya bayyana kanta a tsakanin masana kimiyyar Turai a karo na biyu na karni na 19. Akwai kwarangwal kwarangwal na 'yan tsibiri a tsibiran, amma samfurori masu rai basu samu zuwa idanun ba. Oƙarin neman tsuntsayen da suka tsira, masana kimiyya sun tsara jerin balaguron balaguro zuwa ga mafi kusurwoyin tsibirin.

A cewar masu binciken, rawanin inuwa mai laushi mai zurfin inuwa mai launin shuɗi ya zama kyakkyawan kyau ga ɓarke ​​daga ƙwanƙarar Haast. Shi ne kawai abokin gaba da dutsen da gaggafa kuma mafi girma a duniya.

Worcester mai kyau

Wannan tsuntsun shima ba makasudi bane. Fina-Finan wani mutum sama da shekara 100 kuma da ake ganin wani nau'in halitta ne, wanda ya kirkiro fim ɗin dabbobin daji a garin Dalton Pass a tsibirin Luzon.

Bayan farauta, 'yan asalin yankin sun soya tsuntsun nan suka ci shi, ba tare da sanin sabo da abin da suka aikata. Gaskiyar cewa wanda aka cutar da asalinsa shine wakilin wani nau'in tsuntsayen da ake zargi da karewa wanda masanan binciken dabbobi suka fada, waɗanda bayan wani lokaci sun ga rikodin. "Mun yi farin ciki da an dauki hoton wannan tsuntsu kwatsam. Amma idan ya kasance wakilin ƙarshe na wannan nau'in? "

Kamaru bakar fata

Fatar dabbar tana da launin toka. Amma ƙasashen da akan hadu da dodo na Kamaru baƙi ne. Suna son yin fada a cikin laka, wakilan fauna na Afirka sun sami launi iri ɗaya. Har yanzu akwai farin rhinos. Sun tsira saboda sun fi zalunci fiye da dangi da suka fadi. An farautar dabbobi baƙi da sauƙi kamar ganima mai sauƙi. Wakilin karshe na jinsin ya fadi a cikin shekarar 2013.

Rodriguez Parrot

Bayanin farko na wannan nau'in ya koma shekara ta 1708. A aku ya zauna Rodriguez a cikin tsibirin Mascarene, mai nisan kilomita 650 gabas da Madagascar. A tsayinsa, jikin tsuntsun ya kai rabin mil. An bambanta wannan akuyar da wani abu mai sanyin fure mai haske-orange, wanda ya lalata shi. Don samun kyawawan gashin fuka-fukai, mutane sun fara farautar tsuntsayen wannan nau'in ba tare da kulawa ba. Sakamakon haka, a ƙarshen karni na 18, an share parrot gaba ɗaya.

Kurciya Mika

Crested tattabara Mika, ko masara-ni-lua, ko Choiseul tattabara, ko murhu, tattabara-kurciya - kurciya daga Choiseul Island (Solomon Islands). Ya mutu a tsakiyar karni na 20. Wani sanannen matafiyi Albert Stuart Mick ya samo Mick's Crested Dove.

Tsuntsu yana da baki wanda ke da launin toka mai ruwan hoda, shuɗi mai ruwan shuɗi da shunayya mai ruwan hoda. Kayan kwai. Muryar ta yi kasa, tana girgizawa. Mazauna karkara sun iya yin koyi da kukan kurciya.

An yiwa sanannun samfuran tsibiri a tsibirin Choiseul, don girmamawa ga wanda tsuntsu ya sami ɗayan suna. Masanin dabi'ar Albert Stuart Mick, wanda ya gano kurciya a cikin 1904, wanda yayi aiki ga Oluwa Walter Rothschild (wanda a ƙarshe ya ba da bayanin kimiyya game da nau'in halittar), shima yana da bayanai cewa tsuntsun yana zaune a tsibiran makwabta, musamman Santa Isabel da Malaita. Kasance kamar yadda ya yiwu, masana ilimin kimiyyar halitta ba su sadu da ita a wajen Tsibirin Choiseul ba.

Ba a san kaɗan game da salon rayuwar tattabarar Choiseul ba, saboda ban da mazaunan gida, waɗanda ke halartar balaguron 1904 sun ga tsuntsu mai rai. An lura cewa pigeons sun fi so su zauna a cikin kananan kungiyoyi a cikin gandun daji mai rashin ƙarfi. An samo gida ɗaya, saboda abin da yasa aka gano cewa tsuntsayen sun sanya kwai ɗaya mai launi cream a cikin hutu a ƙasa. Aukar ma'anar dabbobi, da sharuddan shiryawa da ciyar da kajin, da sauran cikakkun bayanai na rayuwar tattabara Mika ba a sani ba. An nuna hoton kurciya mai suna Mika akan tutar hukuma a lardin Choiseul (Solomon Islands)

Taiwan yana da damisa

Ya kasance mai tsananin son Taiwan, bai hadu da shi ba. Tun daga 2004, ba a samo mai siyar da ko ina ba. Dabba yar karamar damisa ce. 'Yan asalin Taiwan sun dauki damisa a matsayin ruhohin kakanninsu. Idan akwai wani gaskiya a cikin imani, sauran hanyoyin tallafawa duniya ba su nan.

A cikin bege na gano damisa na Taiwanese, masana kimiyya sun shigar da kyamarori dubu 13 a cikin mazauninsu. Shekaru 4, ba wakilin ɗaya daga cikin jinsunan da ya faɗa cikin ruwan tabarau.

Kifin ruwan China

An kai mita 7 a tsayi. Daga cikin kifin kogin shi ne mafi girma. Jayoyin dabba suna kama da takobin da aka juya baya. Wakilan nau'ikan sun hadu a saman Yangtze. A can ne a cikin Janairu 2003 sun ga mafi kyawun kifin. Jirgin ruwan China na da alaƙa da tsauraran yanayi, ya jagoranci rayuwar rayuwa.

Iberian Capricorn

Mutumin ƙarshe ya mutu a shekara ta 2000. Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, dabbar ta rayu a tsaunin tsaunin Spain da Faransa. Tuni a cikin 80s, mutane 14 ne kawai na Capricorn. Nau'in shi ne na farko da aka sake buɗewa ta amfani da cloning. Koyaya, kwafin mutanen halitta da sauri suka mutu, basu da lokacin isa zuwa balaga.

A ƙarshen capricorns sun rayu a Dutsen Perdido. Tana can gefen thean Spanish ɗin na Pyrenees. Wasu masana binciken dabbobi sun ki yin la’akari da yadda jinsin suke. Hujjar ita ce cakuda sauran mutanen Pyrenean da wasu nau'ikan ibex na gida. Wato, muna magana ne game da asarar tsararraki na alumma, bawai bacewar ta ba.

Dabbar dolfin kogin kasar Sin

Waɗannan baki littafin dabbobi, da aka ƙware a shekara ta 2006. Yawancin mutanen sun mutu, sun shiga cikin matsewar kamun kifi. A farkon shekarun 2000, dabbobin ruwa na kogin kasar Sin sun rage 13. A karshen shekarar 2006, masana kimiyya sun yi wani balaguron neman sabon adadi, amma ba su sami ko dabba guda ba.

An bambanta Sinanci daga wasu dabbar dolphin ta fin dorsal kamar tutar. A tsawon, dabbar ya kai santimita 160, wanda aka auna kilogram 100 zuwa 150.

Ayyukan Kare Muhalli da ke Damuwa

Sai kawai a cikin karni na XX, 'yan adam sun yanke shawara cewa wargajewar nau'in dabbobi masu saurin lalacewa na iya haifar da lalacewar yanayi. Koyaya, yunƙurin farko na kiyaye ɗan adam ba suyi nasara ba. Musamman, wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa likitocin dabbobi sun yi ƙoƙarin neman sake gano jinsunan, saboda kasancewa ɗaya bisa ɗaya daga cikin mutane biyu ne kaɗai,

A halin yanzu, halakar nau'in dabbobi tana faruwa ne sau 100 zuwa 1000 cikin sauri fiye da ragin da yayi daidai da tsarin halitta na yau da kullun.

Gerald Darrell ya ba da gudummawa ga wannan canji. Ya zama mutum na farko da ya mayar da gidan ya zama wurin da ake kiwon dabbobi da dabbobi masu yawan gaske. Don dawo da yalwar nau'in halittar da ke cikin haɗari, ana buƙatar aƙalla nau'i-nau'i na mutane marasa alaƙa, yanayin rayuwa da abinci da aka zaba daban-daban ga kowane nau'in. Ana samun sakamako mai kyau na aiki akan kiyaye nau'in halitta idan akwai mutane da yawa don nasarar cin nasarar zama a cikin mazaunin halitta ko a cikin wani yanayi mai kama da haka idan mutane suka lalace. Don haka, yawancin dabbobi masu yawa sun rigaya sun sami ceto.

Idan dabbar ta riga ta yi karanci, amma har yanzu ba a kusa da hallakarwa ba, ana aiwatar da halittar kayan adadi.

Mahukuntan Kenya da Tanzaniya sun riga sun fahimci cewa 'yan yawon bude ido da ke son ganin giwaye masu rai da kuma wasu dabbobi a cikin yanayin halitta, suna kawo riba mai yawa fiye da siyar hauren giwa da zaki. Yanzu, ma'aikatan reshen jihohi sun fi dacewa su shiga fagen fama da masu fashin baki (irin wannan lamari) da kansu da kansu za su yi kokarin kashe zaki ko giwa.

A Rasha, ana aiwatar da irin wannan aikin cikin ƙarancin girma, ajiyar yanayi ba ta da kariya sosai. A sakamakon haka, ana iya ɓatar da damisa a gabashin kowane lokaci.

Ba lallai ba ne dabba ta ƙare. Akwai damar koyaushe cewa mutane da yawa sun tsere wa mutuwa, suna mai da hankali sosai. Yankin da ya fi girma yanki da ɗan adam ya mallaka kuma ƙasa da shi aka haɓaka, mafi girma shine irin wannan damar. Sabili da haka, alal misali, aka gano wasu mutanen Takaha, nau'in da ake zaton ya ƙare. Amma a mafi yawancin halayen, yiwuwar samun nau'in sakandare ya kusan kusan sifili.

Hakanan akwai ayyukan don nishaɗar halittar jinsi ta amfani da samfuran DNA da aka kiyaye, amma ba a aiwatar da ɗayansu ba.

Gabatarwa

Manufar ƙirƙirar Littafin Lutu na dabbobi da tsirrai ya bayyana a tsakiyar ƙarni na ƙarshe. Kuma tuni a shekarar 1966 aka buga kwafin farko, wanda ya kunshi bayanin nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa sama da dari, nau'in tsuntsaye 200, gami da tsire-tsire sama da dubu 25. Don haka, masana kimiyya sunyi kokarin jawo hankalin jama'a game da matsalar bacewar wasu wakilan flora da fauna duniyarmu. Koyaya, irin wannan motsi bai taimaka ba musamman wajen warware wannan batun. Don haka, kowace shekara ana buƙatar cika littafin Ingilishi tare da sababbin sunayen jinsuna. Mutane kalilan ne kawai suka san cewa akwai shafuka masu duhu na Red Book. Dabbobin da tsire-tsire da aka jera akan su ba su da tabbas iri ɗaya. Abin takaici, a mafi yawan lokuta, wannan ya faru ne sakamakon halin rashin hankali da halin rashin hankali ga mutum ga yanayin duniyarmu. Littattafai ja da baƙar fata na dabbobi a yau ba alama ce mai yawa ba kamar kira don neman taimako ga duk mutanen Duniya dangane da buƙatar dakatar da amfani da albarkatun ƙasa ta musamman don abubuwan da suke so. Bugu da kari, suna dauke da bayanai game da mahimmancin mai da hankali sosai ga kyakkyawar duniyar da ke kewaye da mu, da yawancin ɗimbin halittu masu ban al'ajabi da na musamman. Littafin baƙar fata na dabbobi a yau ya ƙunshi lokacin daga 1500 zuwa yau. Juya shafukan wannan littafin, zamu iya firgita mu ga cewa a wannan lokacin kusan kusan dabbobi kusan dubu sun mutu gaba daya, baya ambaci tsirrai. Abin takaici, mafi yawansu sun zama mutane kai tsaye.

Littafin bakar fata na Rasha

Dabbobi a cikin ƙasarmu a yau suna da wakilcin nau'ikan sama da 1,500. Koyaya, bambancin nau'in duka a Rasha da ƙasashen waje yana raguwa da sauri. Wannan ya faru ne saboda laifin mutum. Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan halittu sun mutu a cikin ƙarni biyu da suka gabata. Sabili da haka, muna kuma da Littafin Black of Russia. Dabbobin da aka jera a shafuffukan ta sun kasance sun ƙare. Kuma a yau, ana iya ganin wakilai da yawa na fauna na gida ban da hotuna a cikin encyclopedia ko, mafi kyau, a cikin nau'ikan dabbobi masu adana a cikin kayan tarihi. Muna gayyatarka ka san wasu daga cikin su.

Kawo daga 1700 zuwa 1799

• Threskiornis solitarius - Tsuntsaye wanda ya lalace daga dangin ibis, wanda yake da matukar kyau ga tsibirin Reunion. Farkon ambaton kwanakin baya har zuwa 1613, kuma da farko an dauki shi daidai da Dodo. Abinda aka ambata na ƙarshe ya dawo har zuwa 1705.
• Pigeon Dubois (lat.Nesoenas mayri duboisi) - tsuntsu mai lalacewa daga dangin pigeon. Farko da S. Dubois ya bayyana a 1674, daga baya L. Rothschild ya rada masa sunan mai binciken. Abinda aka ambata na ƙarshe ya dawo har zuwa 1705.

Tsarin Tsibirin Indiya

Tsibirin Mascarene (Mauritius, Rodriguez da Reunion) suna daya daga cikin sanannun misalai na mutuwar mummunan sauna. Tare da dodo, tsibiran sun ɓace:

• giant ƙasar kunkuru (nau'in halittu da yawa daga halittar Cylindraspis, an kiyaye hanya ta kusa a tsibirin Galapagos a cikin Tekun Pasifik),
• Threskiornis solitarius,
• wasu dabbobi masu rarrafe.
• Relict pigeons pink da wasu nau'ikan da yawa sun tsira ta hanyar mu'ujiza, sun fi godiya ga kokarin Gerald Darell (littafin da aka sadaukar dashi ga wannan - "an saki Birds na Zinare da Pink Pigeons a cikin Rashanci).
• Jinsiirin nau'ikan falsafa a ƙarshen Taro Falco duboisi.
• Dukkan jinsunan mujiyoyi guda uku sun mutu Mascarenotus.
• biyu nau'in blue pigeons (Alectroenas)

Shanu

Marine, ko Steller's, saniya, ko kabeji - dabbobi masu shayarwa daga sirens, a hanyoyi da yawa suna kama da manatee da digong, amma ya fi su girma. Manyan garkunan waɗannan dabbobin suna yin iyo a saman ruwa, suna ciyar da ruwan Kale (kalp), shi yasa ake kiran dabbar da saniya. Naman sa, wanda yake da daɗi sosai kuma ba ya jin ƙanshi kamar kifi, ana cinye shi da ƙarfi, saboda har an ƙare saniyar Steller a cikin shekaru 30 kawai, duk da girman yawan jama'a. Gaskiya ne, tabbataccen shaida game da matukan jirgin ruwa waɗanda suka yi zargin sun gano wasu barayin teku da yawa sun zo kafin shekarun 1970 kuma, mai yiwuwa, daga baya. Ana iya ganin kasusuwan saniyar wata saniya a cikin gidan kayan tarihin dabbobi na Jami'ar Jihar Moscow.

Cormorant

Stagon ta cormorant (m cormorant, Fatakwal ɗin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta) - tsuntsu daga tsari irin na pelican-like, cormorant family, Cormorant genus. Cormorant ya wuce 70 cm a tsayi, ba zai iya tashi ya koma kamar penguin ba. Nama nama na Steller cormorant bai ƙasa da na naman saniya na teku ba. Tunda maharan ba su san yadda za su tashi ba kuma za su iya tserewa daga haɗari a cikin ruwa, sai dai masu safarar jiragen ruwa sun kama su cikin sauƙi, jirgin ruwa ya cika da rai ya kawo su sayarwa. A kan hanyar, wani ɓangare na tsuntsaye ya mutu, ƙungiyar ta cinye ta, kuma 200 ne kawai ke sayar da tsuntsayen dubu ɗaya. Ana tsammanin an lalata shi a tsakiyar karni na XIX, kodayake, bisa ga rahotannin da ba a tabbatar da su ba, an ga pairan wasan biyu na ƙarshe a 1912.

Sauran misalai

A New Zealand - tsuntsu bakin ciki (kare daga Maori aborigines), a Madagascar - tsuntsayen iyali epiornisisa tsibirin Falkland - fokland fox, A Ostiraliya da Tasmania - marsupial kyarkeci, a Tsibirin Choiseul (Tsibirin Solomon) - tattabara pigeon. Masanin ilimin halitta na kasa A.S. Mick ne ya gano wannan tsuntsu kuma ya bayyana shi a cikin 1804. Kurciya ya kashe mafi yawan lokaci a cikin ƙasa, kuma ya kwana a kan ƙananan rassan bishiyoyi. Babban dalilin bacewar pigeon (wanda ya ƙare a tsakiyar karni na 20) shine an kawo kuliyoyi zuwa tsibirin da guguwar ƙarƙashin itaciyar itacen kwakwa.