Harshen pinto na Rasha shine ɗayan shahararrun karnukan farauta. An yaba wa dabbar don girman hankali, motsi da kuma kyakkyawan halayen aikinta. Ya kamata a ɗauka a cikin zuciya cewa wannan gidan yarin an daure shi don farauta, don haka bai kamata ku jira shi don tsare gidan ko kuɓutar da shanu ba. Yana da sha'awar aiwatar da dabbobin, kuma ba ayyukan yau da kullun ba. Yadda za a zabi Russia quilted?

Asalin asali

Rason pinto na Rasha - wani nau'in tsohuwar da ta wanzu a zamanin Kievan Rus. Rubutun farko na farko na irin wannan shine tun karni na 19. Tushen wannan lokacin sunyi rikodin gaskiyar asarar ingantattun halaye na aiki da kuma halin halayyar da wakilan zuriya suka haifar saboda dangantakar haɗin ƙarni na ƙarni. Saboda wannan, kowane lardi ya kirkiro layin nasa na kansa.

Don dawo da ƙarfi da tashin hankali, hound ya fara hayewa tare da foxhounds na Ingilishi, kuma daga baya ana kiran wannan kiwo da Turanci-Rasha hound. An samar da wani zuriya mai zaman kanta a farkon karni na 20. Juyin juya halin da yakin basasa ya lalata kusan nau'in Anglo-Rasha, duk da haka, a cikin 1925 an kirkiro wani ma'auni wanda ya ba da damar mayar da yawan jama'a a farkon yakin duniya na II.

Yaƙin ya sake rage yawan wannan nau'in, amma ya inganta ingantattun halayensa. Bayan yakin bayan yakin, an sake sanya sunan "Anglo-Russian Hound" a matsayin "Russian Pinto", kuma an mai da hankali wuraren kiwo a Moscow, Tula da Kiev. An fara amfani da mizanin karshe a shekarar 2015. Duk da gaskiyar cewa pinungiyar Ceto ta Duniya ba ta da masaniyar Cyungiyar Canojin Duniya, sun shahara sosai a ƙasashen da ke bayan Soviet.

Fitowar kare

Hound na Rasha shine karnuka masu matsakaici tare da karfi na jiki. Karnuka sune 55-68 cm tsayi kuma nauyin 25-30. Fasali na waje na Rasha pinto hound:

• Shugaban yana da kamanni, bushe, gwargwado ga jiki. Ana bayyana raunannun rami mai rauni, sauyawa daga kwanyar zuwa wuyan wucin gadi yayi santsi. Yankin occipital yana zagaye. Wakilan wannan nau'in suna kiyaye kawunansu ƙasa, wanda ke sa su yi kama da kyarketai.
• Zzlearfin ƙwallon yana da siffar murabba'i mai ma'ana tare da gadar hanci, busar bushewa da lebe mai ɗaure. Scissor ciji. Eyes - m, matsakaici matsakaici, launuka daban-daban na launin ruwan kasa. Hanci yana da girma, baki.
• An saita kunnuwa sama kuma an sanya su sama da matakin ido. Matsakaici a cikin girman, triangular a cikin siffar, matsakaici na bakin ciki da m ga shugaban.

• Neckun ya zagaye, bushe, yana faɗaɗa zuwa kafadu. Tana da faɗi ɗaya daidai da kan kansa. Kasance yana da dangantaka da jiki a wani kusurwa na 40-45 digiri.
• Jiki yana da ƙarfi, tare da ingantattun tsokoki. Cikakken, kirji mai zurfi, yana gangarowa zuwa tsakiyar saman fifikoki. A baya madaidaiciya, tsoka da fadi da yawa. An ɗaure ciki a ciki, an ɗauke shi a cikin yankin lumbar.
• Hannun kafafu suna da tsawo, har ma, tare da ƙasusuwa masu ƙarfi. Limarfin kafa biyu na hagu sun inganta tsokoki. Etarancin girman matsakaici, m a sifa tare da yatsun yatsu sosai. Hannun yatsu masu ƙarfi, baƙi
• Wutsiya tana da tsawon matsakaici, mai kauri a gindi, matsewa da ɗan lanƙwasa kaɗan a ƙarshen. Duk da yake yana kare, karen ya ta da wutsiyarsa tsayi.
• Mayafin yayi gajere, amma yana ɗaure da yawa cm a cikin scruff kuma akan ciki na kafafu na baya. Wakilan wannan nau'in suna da lafuzza masu ɗumbin yawa, wanda ke ba su damar jure sanyi. Launin karnuka launuka ne masu launuka uku, hade ne da keɓaɓɓe tare da launin toka, mai ruwan hutu da baki. Yatsun kafa, ciki da wani sashin gwal din an fentin fari (duba hoto don cikakkun bayanai).

Halin hali da hali

Duk da nuna ilharin farauta, an nuna bambance-bambancen yanayi na 'Russiantoto hound' ta hanyar daidaitattun halaye. Ana darajan jinsi don kyakkyawar dabi'a, abokantaka, son sani, rashin iyawa da kuma sha'awar cimma buri. Babban hankali, saurin mawuyaci da ikon kama kowane kalma na mai shi ya ba wakilai na wannan nau'in damar kama sababbin kungiyoyi a tashi.

Mayar da hankali kan farauta ya haifar da samuwar mai zaman kansa har ma da taƙaddara a cikin kare. Wannan dabba ba za a tilasta ta ta yi aiki da nufin sa ba. Dabin da bai gamsar da shi ba tabbas zai amsa irin wannan yunƙurin ta haushi ko hayaniya. Sha'awar wakilan wannan nau'in don jagoranci yana buƙatar mai shi ya kasance mai haɓaka a cikin haɓakarsa, tunda da zarar ya nuna rauni, ya rigaya ya zama mai yiwuwa a komar da iko a idanun kare.

A kare girmama da tsofaffi na iyali, dauki bangare a cikin wasannin da yara da farin ciki da kuma rauni ba tare da mai shi yayin tsere ko hawan keke.

Labari

Ainihin asalin asalin koran Russia din ba a bayyane yake ba. L.P. Sabaneev ya yi imanin cewa Tatar-Mongoli ya gabatar da nau'in kuma ya kira shi da gabashin Hound. A cewar A. V. Kamernitsky, hound a cikin Rasha zai iya tashi daga rakiyar gwanayen asali da kuma gabatar da karnuka (“podsokolnye”) karnuka a cikin karni X-XI. An gudanar da aiki mai ma'ana kan samuwar kiwo tun daga shekarar 1874, lokacin da aka fara baje kolin karnukan farauta a Moscow. A cikin labarin N. P. Kishensky, "Zabi na Hound", an bayyana hound na Rasha a karo na farko, Kishensky ya yi wannan bayanin ne a buƙatar Hungiyar Huta ta Moscow a matsayin jagora ga alƙalai. A cikin 1895, a cikin fitowar Disamba na mujallar Nature da Hunt, bayanin Bayanai na Halayyar Hanyar Harkokin Rashan ta zamani, wanda A. D. Bibikov da P. N. Belousov, daga baya suka bayyana ta N. P. Pakhomov a matsayin "madaidaicin nau'in farko." Irin wannan hukuma an kira shi da suna "Eastern Hound", sunan "Rashanan Hound" ya zama ruwan dare a farkon karni na 20. An fahimce shi a matsayin "hound, nau'in da kuma nau'ikan waɗanda ke da alaƙa da kyau kuma sun bambanta sosai da nau'ikan hound waɗanda ba Rashanci ba, watau Faransa, Poland da hound na Turanci. Nau'in da ke da alaƙa da raunin Rasha, waɗanda waɗanda aka taɓa siffantawa a ƙarƙashin sunan "Gabashin hound", waɗanda suka haɗa da nau'ikan nau'ikan da suka gabata: Tsohon Rasha, ƙafa na Rasha da Kostroma - nau'ikan da ke da alaƙa da wata hanyar da babu wata ma'ana, kamar yadda rassan bishiya iri ɗaya suke da juna ”(N. P. Kashkarov).

Godiya ga ƙoƙarin masu son farauta tare da hound F. A. Svechin, N. V. Mozharov, P. N. Belousov, M. I. Alekseev, L. V. Zhivago, I. N. Kamynin da sauransu, nau'in hound na Rasha. Bayan juyin juya halin Oktoba, an ci gaba da aiki kan ci gaban dangi tare da halartar M. I. Alekseev, N. P. Pakhomov, N. Chelishchev da sauran kwararru. A cikin 1923, an gabatar da hound na Rasha guda 48 a baje kolin Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Kaya da Kayan Farauta. An amince da matsayin farko na masarautar Rashan a cikin Babban Taro na I All-Union na Masanan ilimin kimiya na shekarar 1925.

Da farko dai an fara kirkirar sabuwar kasar Rasha a matsayin masana'anta, tunda babu wani tsari na tsari da yawo a lokacin juyin juya hali da yakin basasa. Sanannen sanannen sanannun Rasha da Ingilishi-Rasha sun gabatar da wani ƙaramin sashi na adadin adadin adadin kuɗi a cikin USSR. Alekseevsky da Lebedevsky hound sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin haifarwar. Karnuka na M.I. Alekseev daga lardin Moscow suna da kyawawan kayan waje da halayyar aiki da kuma yanayin tsayayye. Wani garken A. A. Lebedev daga Vyazma ya fito ne daga sanannen Kamynin hound kuma ya ba shahararrun masu kera waɗanda suka yi tasiri a cikin kiwo na hounds na Rasha. Cibiyoyin wuraren kiwo su ne Moscow, Gorky da Kirov, an kuma gina manyan gidaje da layin zana a Yaroslavl, Kuibyshev, Leningrad, da Ukraine. Batun hodar iblis na Rasha ya zama babba kuma ya zama na asali bayan Yaƙin Jihadi. Haramcin a kan dukkan nau'in beagle a shekarar 1939, ban da biyu, in da Rashawa da na Rasha suka hada karfi da karfe, ya taimaka wajen hada karfi da karfe wajen bunkasa kiwo na gida. A lokaci guda, an karɓi sabon ma'aunin nau'in, wanda shine ya zama tushen rubutun zamani. Bayan haka, ana daidaita daidaituwa sau da yawa. Matsayin na yanzu na hound na Rasha ya sami izini daga Presidium na RKF a cikin 2015.

Wani mawuyacin ƙaddara ya ci gaba don ka'idojin gwajin filayen hound na Rasha. Daftarin farko shine Dokar gwajin filin filin hodar da Hungiyar Moscowansar Moscow ta amince dashi a shekarar 1901. Waɗannan ƙa'idodi sun ƙayyade buƙatun don karnukan da ke aiki a fakitoci, garken tumaki da kwari, amma ba su samar da samfurori don aikin mutum ɗaya ba. Sakamakon samfuran bai ba mu damar kimanta kwarewar mutum na kare ba kuma ba za a iya amfani da shi don zaɓar karnuka don halayen aiki don kiwo ba. Gwajin kwastomomi a karon farko ana bayar da shi ne kawai ta Dokokin gwajin filin, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin shekarar 1925, gwargwadon wanda a 1926 aka fara gwaje-gwaje bayan an yi juyin juya hali a Moscow. A cikin 1930, an kirkiro tashar gwajin farko a Moscow. Zuwa shekarar 1947, aka sanya ka’idojin farashi da mafi karancin bukatun don bayar da kyautar difloma, kuma an samar da bukatun zamani ta 1981.

Iyaye da horarwa

Haɓaka irin wannan kare mai son asa asa azaman ƙaramar pinto na Rasha yana buƙatar taurin kai da ƙarfi daga mai shi. Waɗanda suka fantsama cikin shugabanci ba za su miƙa wa mai shi ba idan ya rasa iko a idanunsu. Godiya ga haziƙancinsu, waɗannan dabbobin gida sun fahimci ƙungiyoyi cikin sauri, amma zasu iya yin taurin kai. A kowane hali ya kamata maigidan ya yi fushi da ihu a kan kare; mutum ya kamata ya maimaita umarnin sau da yawa.

Rasha pinto hound ba halin da tashin hankali, amma saboda da farauta ilhami su sami damar bi cat ko rodent. Domin cinikin dutsen bai kai hari ga wasu dabbobin ba, kuma musamman dabbobi, ya zama dole a kawo ta wurinsu tun farkon rayuwarta, kuma, da zaran kare ya ci gaba da kai hari, a cire. Yayin tafiya, har ma da mafi yawan lokaci abokantaka da abokantaka suna buƙatar a riƙe su a kan leash.

Dokokin farko da kare ya kamata su koya sune "a gare ni!", "Fu!", "Tsaya!", "Wuri!" da kuma “goge!”, ya zama tilas a koyar da kare karen da ya jefa abin da ya ci, kuma kada ya ci shi. Wajibi ne don ɗaure kare a leash 5-8 m tsawo, wanda aka saƙa ta hanyar rami a bango, maigidan ya riƙe ƙarshen a hannunsa. Jefar da abinci kusa da karen, sun ba da umarni "tara!". Idan dabbar ta kama abinci kuma tana da zafi, an ja ta kuma ana maimaita aikin.

Don sanya hular quail mai sarrafa kanta a kan farauta, ta saba da sautuka masu saurin magana. Wajibi ne a busa ƙaho kafin kowane ciyarwa. Kafin farauta, dole ne a ciyar da kare don kada ya ci abin da aka kama. Idan dabbar ba ta karɓi umarnin ba “tara shi!”, Dole ne a hukunta ta. A kare cin ganima ba zai zama mai farauta farauta.

Yayin horon, maigidan yana buƙatar ruff - ta umarnin kare, yana roƙon kare ya nemi abin da ya ci. Babu buƙatar yin ihu da dabbar, idan ya matsa zuwa ƙafa. Wataƙila bai riga ya saba da gandun daji ba. A wannan yanayin, an jinkirta tiyata washegari.

Kiwon Lafiya da Rayuwa

Harshen suna cikin koshin lafiya. Tsawon rayuwar wakilan wannan nau'in shine shekaru 10-12. Karnuka suna da yiwuwa ga dysplasia na hip, da damuwa na farji, da kuma myositis. Sakamakon rashin abinci mai gina jiki, dabbobi masu haɓaka abubuwan haɓaka. Don hana kamuwa da cuta, dabbobi suna buƙatar a yi musu rigakafi kuma a kula da yanayi na cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan fata.

Zai fi kyau a kiyaye beag a cikin gidaje masu zaman kansu. A dare, da kare za a iya kulle a cikin wani fili aviary, kuma a lokacin da rana bari fita tafiya a kusa da yadi. An hana shi ɗaukar hound a sarkar. Wannan karen kare mai son ‘yanci ba a nufin kare shafin ba, ba zai yi kuka da ihu ba don sanar da maigidan wannan baƙin da suka shigo. Ya kamata a rufe shinge sosai kuma yana da shigarwa kyauta. A lokacin sanyi mai sanyi, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar kare a gidan dumi.

Ana koyar da yara masu tsabta su zauna akan titi a hankali. Bayan 'yan makonni bayan cin kasuwa a cikin aviary, kuna buƙatar sanya kwano na abinci da ruwa da sanya kwikwiyo a wurin bayan tafiya, yana cewa umarnin "wuri!". Dabbobin da suka gaji za su so su shakata a cikin jirgin da ya dace, amma ko da yana bin mai shi, ba kwa buƙatar tsawata shi. Don yin horar da kare da sauri zuwa sabon wurinsa, ya kamata a taƙaice rufe shi a cikin gidan.

Idan mai shi duk da haka ya yanke shawarar ci gaba da kasancewa da babban kusada na Rasha a cikin ɗakin, dole ne a kai a kai yin wasanni tare da kare. Kuna buƙatar horar da karenku kullun, yana ba da fifiko ga juriya da motsa jiki. An ba da shawarar ku horar a cikin daji, nesa da mutane, saboda hound na iya shimfida isa. Yayin tafiya kana buƙatar riƙe madafin leash, saboda wakilan wannan nau'in ana ɗaure su cikin sauƙi da kuliyoyi da sauran ƙananan dabbobi.

Harshen Rashanci basu da ma'ana yayin barin aiki. Ba a yarda waɗannan dabbobi su yi wanka a kai a kai ba, kamar yadda ruwa da sabulu suke kashe keɓaɓɓe na sebum wanda ke hana ƙurar sanyi daga gashi. Ya isa mako, kuma a lokacin molting - kowane sauran rana, magance fitar da ulu tare da m goga. Ana buƙatar wanka don gurɓataccen iska. A wasu halayen, dabba tayi wanka a cikin tafkunan ko kuma tana tsaftace ulu da dusar ƙanƙara.

Wajibi ne a tsarkake idanu da kunnuwan fitarwa kowace rana. Bayan tafiya, ana bincikar kare don ticks da lalacewa. Sakamakon karuwar aikin kare na kare, ana bada shawara don kulawa da paw madaidaiciya tare da kirim na musamman na kariya. Karnuka manya sun kasance masu yiwuwa ga kafa ƙasa, saboda haka kuna buƙatar tuntuɓar likitan dabbobi a gaba game da tsabtace dabbobi a gida.

Kare abincin

Za'a iya ciyar da beagles tare da abincin da aka yi da busassun ƙasa ƙasa da ƙima, amma har yanzu ana son abinci na ɗabi'a. Tushen abincin abincin dabbobi yakamata ya zama abincin furotin: sabo nama, dafaffen kifi, ƙwanƙwasa, furotin kaza tare da cuku gida. Bugu da ƙari, karnuka suna ciyar da buckwheat da oatmeal, hatsi, kayan lambu, ban da dankali da broccoli, waɗanda ke tsokani cuta na hanji.

A cikin abincin dabbobi ba ya kamata ya zama abinci daga teburin maigidan, madara, samfurori daga kullu mai yisti, abinci mai tsami da mai daɗi, Sweets da yawancin 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, waɗanda ba wai kawai suna haifar da toshewar hanji ba ne, har ma suna tsoratar da rashin lafiyar. An kyale shi wani lokacin don bayar da kankana, ayaba, pears da apples. Don yin komai game da rashin abinci mai gina jiki, likita ya ba da izini hadadden bitamin. Haramun ne a baiwa dabbobi dabbobi abinci.

Ka'idojin dafa abinci:

• ciyar da bushe bushe kawai ko abinci na halitta,
• wadataccen ruwa mai tsafta, musamman idan an ciyar da kare abincin da aka bushe,
• 'yan kwikwiyo na bukatar a ciyar da su sau 4-6 a rana, karnukan da suka girmi shekara 1 - sau 2 a rana a lokaci guda, awanni da yawa kafin tafiya ko' yan awanni bayan shi,
• kada ku ciyar da dabbobin tsakanin manyan abincin, idan dabbar tana jin sa'a daya bayan ciyarwa, ƙara yawan hidiman,
• lissafta girman rabo dangane da bukatun mutum na Pet.

Shawarwarin don zaɓin ɗan kwikwiyo

Ya kamata a sayi puppy na puigree ne kawai a cikin fayel ɗinda amintattu. Masu shayarwa masu rikon sakainar kashi da farko suna samar da takardu kan allurar rigakafi da kuma binciken kwikwiyo, kuma bayan sayan su koyaushe zasu tuntubi sabbin masan kan batun kiyayewa da kiwon dabbobi. Idan kuna shirin amfani da kare don farauta, tabbatar da nazarin takaddun shaida na gwajin aiki na ƙarni 3 da suka gabata.

'Ya'yan ppan kurke na ƙyallen pinto daga kurkuku daga mahaifiyarsu a cikin watanni 1-1.5. A wannan yanayin, jariri ya daidaita da sauri a cikin sabon gidan.Kwararrun kajin kare duk da haka suna ba da shawarar kwikwiyo a cikin watanni 3-5 don kimantawa dalla-dalla yadda suka dace da kwatancin masu kiwo da kuma lura da aibi: malocclusion, hanci hanci, idanu launuka daban-daban, wutsiya mai fadi, da dai sauransu.

Ya kamata ku lura da dangantakar yaran tsakanin su da iyayensu. Ya kamata 'yar tsana ta kusanci sabbin masu ita ba tare da tsoro ba, bata jin kunya ga' yan uwansu kuma, bugu da kari, bai kamata ta kutsa kai cikin kusurwa daga garesu ba.