Rashin Tsarukan Maraba ko, kamar yadda ake kira shi sau da yawa, "nambat" yana nufin gidan marshin.
Nambat wani yanki ne na Australia. Rana na farko da ke cikin daji yana zaune kusan dukkanin Kudancin Ostiraliya daga Pacific zuwa Tekun Indiya. Amma, saboda warwatse nambats da fox, sun ɓace gaba ɗaya daga jihohin Victoria, South Australia da Northern Territory. Har zuwa yau, mazauna daji biyu na Nambat ne kawai suka tsira, ɗayansu suna zaune a kusa da garin Perth, ɗayan a cikin dajin Dryandran. A ƙarshen, raguwa yana ci gaba. A matsayin wani ɓangare na Shirin Cutar Nambat, an sake yin amfani da kayan sarrafawa zuwa gonakin Australia na da yawa. Tsawon jikin wannan dabbar yana da santimita 27, wutsiya 13-17 santimita. Wutsiyar anteater tana da tsawo kuma tayi furuci. Ana la'akari da Nambata dabba mai kyau saboda launinta mara kyau.
Nambat ulu mai tauri ne mai haske. Wani sabon abu mai launi na dabba ya ba mu damar kira shi ɗaya daga cikin kyawawan dabbobi na dabba a cikin Ostiraliya. Launin rigar ya bambanta da launin ruwan kasa zuwa ja tubalin ja. A bayan jikin su akwai farar fata 6-12 waɗanda suke canzawa tare da gashi baƙi. A kashin, daga tushe daga kunne ta ido zuwa gefen hanci, akwai farar fata. Gashi a kan wutsiya ya yi kauri, idan akwai hadari kuma idan akayi tafiya tare da gangar jikin itace, sai ya sakko ya zama kamar wutsiya kursiyyu.
Duk da cewa anteater na da ƙananan hakora, wannan bai hana shi cin abinci cikakke ba, tunda yanayin mafi ban sha'awa na anteater shine harshen sa mai kama da tsutsa, wanda ke da ikon sarrafawa har zuwa santimita 10 a tsawonsa. Godiya ga irin wannan sabon abu na ikon harshe da sarkinta mai faɗi, tururuwa na iya ɗaukar adadin zuwa dubu 20 na dogon lokaci. Mafi sau da yawa, nambat yana cin madaidaitan ƙarancin lokaci, ƙasa da tururuwa kuma.
Waɗannan dabbobin ƙasa ne, kusan mil 1.52 na yanki kowane ɗayan maza, suna yin alama da iyakokin makircinsu tare da sirrin mai. Ya danganta da yanayin da yanayin yanayi, suna aiki a lokuta daban-daban na rana. Akasin sa da sunan ta, tururuwa na iya cin ƙarancin abinci, tururuwa kuma sun zama sashen abinci na ainihi. Waɗannan dabbobi masu saɓanin dabbobi, saboda haka wasu kwari sukan shiga abinci kawai lokaci-lokaci. Sun sami ganima tare da taimakon haɓaka yanayin ƙanshi. Mafi yawan lokuta suna lalata tsohuwar itace ko kuma karya fasahar ma'ana da kuma hadiye ganima tare da saurin motsi na dogon harshe.
Yawanci, mace tana haihuwar saya 2 zuwa 4. Lokacin haila yana da watanni 4. An haifi Cubs ba fiye da santimita 5 ba da tsayi. Hakanan yana da ban sha'awa cewa tururuwa ba ta da jakuna, don haka thean sanduna suna manne da rigar mahaifiyar kuma suna shayar da madara uwar.
An bambanta maganin ta hanyar jinkirin sa, amma, duk da wannan, yana jin haɗari, yana iya yin sauri da tsalle.
Anteater ciyar da dare a cikin kogon kare, ya shiga barci mai zurfi. Akwai lokuta da yawa masu ban tausayi don tashin hankali, lokacin da mutane, tare da katako, suka ƙone waɗannan dabbobin ba da gangan ba, waɗanda basu da lokacin farkawa da ɓoyewa daga haɗari cikin lokaci.
An shigar da shi a cikin littafin Aljihu
Dalilin ƙarancin raguwar yanayin tashin hankali na ruwa (ko nambats), kamar wakilai da yawa na wakilan ƙasashen Ostiraliya, shine gabatarwar dabbobi baƙi zuwa yankin, kuma musamman ma masu farauta, don bayyanar da ba a shirye suke ba.
Babban mahimmin rawar da ya haifar da fashewar nambats an yi ta ne ta hanyar dawakai da dawakai, karnukan gida da ma kuliyoyi. Manoma muhimmi suna takawa wanda manoma ba wai kawai suka mamaye gandun daji ba ne don dabbobi, har ma suna kona dabbobi a cikin tsohon ragon, wanda a cikin saurukan daji ke son zama a daren. Kwanan nan, gobarar daji ta lalata su sosai. A yau a Ostiraliya babu nambats sama da dubu 1, kuma adadinsu yana ci gaba da raguwa. Don adana dabbobi a cikin mazauninsu, an kirkiro wuraren kariya wanda akan sa adadin dawakai da sauran mafarautan da aka sarrafa sosai.
Yana da ban sha'awa
A ko'ina cikin yini, ayyukan marsupial ant abinci yana ƙarƙashin abubuwan da yawa. Ya zuwa babban adadin, ya zo daidai da ayyukan ma'adinai - ainihin abincinsa. Irin wannan aiki tare mai ban mamaki ya bunkasa a cikin aikin ci gaba. A sakamakon haka, anteater ta samo ƙarancin abinci. Wannan ita ce kaɗai dabbobin Ostiraliya waɗanda ke cin abinci kawai game da kwari na jama'a.
A lokacin bazara, lokacin da zafi yake da rana kuma ma'anawar zurfin zurfin zurfafa zuwa cikin ramukarsu, tururuwa na canzawa zuwa yanayin rayuwa mai kama da haske, a cikin hunturu - akasin haka, suna aiki ne a lokacin rana, kamar yadda maguna a wannan lokacin suke neman abinci da kayan gini.
Bayyanar
Girman wannan marsupial karami ne: tsawon jikinsa 17-7 cm, wutsiya 13-17 cm.Daga dabba tayi nauyi 280-550 g, maza sun fi mace girma. Shugaban marsupial anteater ya lalace, da mucks an elongated kuma nuna, bakin yayi karami. Harshen kalmar zazzagewa na iya fitowa daga bakin da kusan cm 10 Idanun suna da girma, kunnuwa suna nuna. Wutsiya tana da tsawo, tayi laushi, kamar squirrel, ba ta kamawa. Yawancin lokaci nambat tana riƙe shi a sararin sama, tare da ƙaramin ɗanɗano sama. Hannun ɗan gajeren wando suna ɗan gajeru, ko'ina an yadu dasu, masu dauke da makamai masu ƙarfi '' '' '' '' '' '' '' 'Tare da yatsunsu 5, wata gabar jiki tare da guda 4.
Nambat gashi mai kauri da wahala. Nambat yana daya daga cikin kyawawan marsupials na Australiya: ana fentin shi da launin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi. Mayafin a baya da na sama na kwatangwalo an rufe shi da farar fata 6-12 ko kuma kirim mai tsami. Nambats na gabas suna da launi iri ɗaya da na yamma. Ana iya ganin yatsun baki mai tsawo a saman muck ɗin, yana buɗewa daga hanci ta ido zuwa kunne. Abun ciki da wata gabar jiki farare-fari ne, bakake.
Hakora na anrshan gidan ciwan ƙanƙane kaɗan, masu rauni kuma galibi suna asymmetric: molars a dama da hagu na iya samun tsawon tsayi da faɗi. A cikin duka, Nambat yana da hakora 50-52. Wani mawuyacin hali na gado yana shimfidawa sosai fiye da yawancin dabbobi masu shayarwa, wanda yake halayyar wasu dabbobi "mai dadewa" (pangolins, armadillos). Matan suna da nono 4. Babu jakar 'brood; akwai filin milky kawai wanda gashi gashi a hankali.
Rayuwa & Abinci
Kafin fara mulkin mallaka na Turawa, nambat ya zama ruwan dare a Yammacin Yammacin Yammacin Australia, daga kan iyakar New South Wales da Victoria zuwa gabar Tekun Indiya, a arewa har zuwa kudu maso yamma a Arewacin ƙasar. Yanzu iyaka yana iyakance ga kudu maso yamma ta Yammacin Ostiraliya. Ya na rayuwa galibi bishiyar eucalyptus da gandun Acacia da busassun itace.
Nambat yana cin kusan keɓaɓɓen lokaci, ƙasa da tururuwa. Yana cin sauran hanyoyin kwatsam kawai. Wannan shine kawai marsupial wanda ke ciyar da kawai kwari na zamantakewar jama'a; a cikin zaman bauta, marsupial anteater suna cin abinci sau 20,000 a kowace rana. Nambat yana neman abinci tare da matuƙar jin ƙanshi. Yana haƙa ƙasa da goshin goshinsa ko ya fasa itace da ƙarfi, sannan ya kama daskararru da harshen magana. Nambat ta haɗiye ganima duka ko kuma littlean itacen cingam.
Abin lura ne cewa wannan dabbar lokacin cin abinci ba ta kula da kewayenta ba. A irin waɗannan lokutan, ana iya bugun ko ma a ɗauka.
Tunda wata gabar jiki da yatsun hannuwa na dabbobi (sabanin sauran myrmecophages - echidnas, anteaters, aardvarks) suna da rauni kuma sun kasa fuskantar babban ƙazantar tarko, ya kan farauta ne a lokacin da kwari suke ratsa kofofin ƙasa ko a gindin bishiya neman abinci. Aiki na yau da kullun na Nambat yana aiki tare da ayyukan farfajiyar yanayi da zazzabi na yanayi. Don haka a lokacin rani, a tsakiyar rana, ƙasa tayi zafi sosai, kwari kuma suna zurfi a ƙasa, don haka nambats ɗin sun canza zuwa yanayin rayuwa mai duhu, a cikin hunturu suna ciyarwa tun safe har zuwa tsakar rana, misalin ƙarfe 4 a rana.
Nambat abu ne mai wahala sosai, yana iya hawa bishiyoyi, a mafi ƙarancin hatsarin yana ɓoyewa a cikin tsari. Ya yi dare a cikin wuraren mafaka (raƙuman ruwa, rami na bishiyoyi) a kan gado na haushi, ganye da bushe ciyawa. Barcinsa yana da zurfi, yana kama da tashin hankali. Akwai lokuta da yawa lokacin da mutane, tare da katako mai kisa, nambats na kone bazata wanda basu da lokacin farkawa. Ban da lokacin kiwo, marsupial anteaters na rike daya bayan daya, suna mamaye yankin kan iyaka mai girman hekta 150. Yayin da ake kama shi, nambat ba ta ciza kuma ba ta birgewa, sai dai kawai a share bakinsu ko gurnani.
Kiwo
Lokacin kumbura na nambats yana daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu. A wannan lokacin, mazan suna barin wuraren farautarsu kuma suna neman mata, suna masu alamar bishiyoyi da ƙasa tare da sirrin mai, wanda ke samar da glandar fata ta musamman akan kirji.
Karamin (10 mm tsayi), makaho da tsirara arean marayu ana haife su 2 makonni biyu bayan balagarta. Akwai san na 2-4 a cikin zuriyar dabbobi. Tun da macen ba ta da jakar leda, sun rataye ta a kan cinyar ta, suna manne da rigar mahaifiyarta. A cewar wasu rahotanni, haihuwar tana faruwa a cikin wani rami mai tsawon m 1-2 Matar na dauke da 'ya'yan a cikin ciki na kimanin watanni 4 har sai sun kai cm 4-5. Sannan ta bar zuriyarta cikin wani rami mara zurfi ko rami, ta ci gaba da shigowa cikin dare don ciyarwa. Zuwa farkon Satumba, matasa nambats sun fara barin ramin na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Zuwa Oktoba, suna juyawa zuwa tsarin abinci mai hade da maganin tari da madara. Yara dabbobin suna kasancewa tare da mahaifiyarsu har zuwa watanni 9, a ƙarshe sun bar ta a watan Disamba. Balagagge yakan faru ne a shekara ta biyu ta rayuwa.
Tsammani na rayuwa (a zaman bauta) - har zuwa shekaru 6.
Matsayin Al'umma da Kariya
Dangane da haɓaka tattalin arziƙin da share filaye, adadin marsupial anteater ya ragu sosai. Koyaya, babban dalilin rage adadin shi shine yawan farauta. Saboda hanyar rayuwa ta yau da kullun, nambats sun fi saurin lalacewa fiye da yawancin matsakaitan matsakaitan abubuwa, tsuntsayen masu farauta, da na tsuntsaye, da na karnukan tsuntsaye, da birrai, da kuma manyan dawakai masu launin ja, waɗanda a ƙarni na 19 kawo Australia. Dawakai suka lalata yawan mutanen Nambat a Victoria, South Australia da Northern Territory; sun tsira ne kawai da wasu kananan mutane biyu kusa da Perth. A ƙarshen 1970s. nambats akwai mutane ƙasa da 1000.
Sakamakon matakan kiyayewa, lalata dawakai da sake haifar da nambats, yawan jama'a ya sami ƙaruwa. Yawan Nambat yana da ƙarfi a cikin Sterling Range na Australiya. Koyaya, har yanzu wannan dabbar tana cikin jerin Reda thean Littafin Layi na Duniya tare da matsayin "mai haɗari" (Damuwa).
Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da komai na duniya
Yawancin lokaci daga yara 2 zuwa 4 ana haihuwar su tsakanin Janairu da Mayu. 'Ya'yan watanni 6 sun kasance akan mace a kan ulu. Daga nan suka fara haɓaka gida. Uwa tana ciyar da yaran da dare. A cikin bazara, sun fara binciken duniya a waje da mafaka. A cikin Disamba, ɗan ya bar duka mahaifiya da rami. Waɗannan duk abubuwan gaskiya ne masu ban sha'awa game da nambats da muka sarrafa.
Bayanin Nambat
Tsawon dabbar yana daga santimita 17 zuwa 27, kuma wutsiyar tana da tsawon santimita 13 zuwa 17. Maza sun fi girma fiye da mace. Yawan nauyin dabba guda zai iya daga gram 270 zuwa 550. Ana yin balaga tun yana da wata 11.
Mayafin wakilai na marsupial anteater iyali gajere ne, amma lokacin farin ciki da kauri. Launi mai launin toka, ja tare da farin gashi. 8 farar fata aka zana a bango. Game da jiki, dabbobin suna da dogaye mai tsayi kuma mara nauyi. Hannun hanci mai zurfi an daidaita shi don tono ƙasa don neman abinci. Tsayayyar harshe mai tsayi babban tarko ne ga matattarar da kuka fi so.
Marsupial anteater yana jagorantar rayuwa ta yau da kullun, kuma bayan abincin dare mai ban sha'awa yana son barci - jiƙa rana. Hoto mai ban dariya sosai game da kallonsa: kwance akan bayansa da kafafu da kafaɗa da harshe, yana jin daɗi.
A cikin matsanancin zafi, ya lullube cikin itacen ko kuma gindin itace. Yana da irin wannan barci mai zurfi wanda idan ka dauke shi a hannunsa, ba zai ma farka ba. Kasancewa ba mai kulawa da dabba ba, yana fuskantar barazanar mutuwa ta sakaci. Gaskiya ne game da gobarar daji, wanda ba kasafai ake samun mazauninsa ba. Sanyi nambats masu rauni a cikin wuta, ba su da lokacin farkawa cikin lokaci.
Yawan dabbobin dabbobi
Kuma ina ne maɗaukakkiyar tururuwa take? Zamu iya amsa wannan tambayar a ƙasa.
Har zuwa ƙarshen ƙarni na 18, yawan jama'a sun yaɗu a yammacin da Kudancin Ostiraliya. Amma bayan Turawan mulkin mallaka na Turai, an rage wa annan dabbobin muhimmanci sosai. Kuma da yawa daga cikinsu sun adana mazaunin su a kudu maso yamma na babban yankin a cikin eucalyptus, gandun Acacia da gandun daji masu sauƙi.
Wannan zaɓi na ƙasa don tasirin marsupial ba mai haɗari bane: ganyen eucalyptus da ke daɗaɗɗun ƙasa ana zubar da su ƙasa. Kuma wannan abinci gare shi ne (a cikin tsari na tsari) da tsari daga ganyen itaciya. Ana iya ganinsa yana gudana a ƙasa ko motsawa cikin tsalle. Lokaci-lokaci, yakan tsaya kan kafafunsa na baya don neman lafiya. Idan ya ga tsuntsu mai farauta a cikin sama, zai yi sauri ya ɓuya a mafaka.
Hoton wata dabba mai lalatarwa yayin bincika yankin don kasancewar maharbin yana taimakawa wajen tunanin yadda wannan dabba take.
Abincin dabbobi
Marsupial anteater suna cin kwari, abincin da yake so shine gandun daji ko tururuwa, kwari da yawa. Saboda tsananin jin warin sa, yana iya samun abincin sa koda a ƙasa ko ganye. Idan ya cancanta, za ta iya neman taimakon manyan maganganun ta don samun sauki ta hanyar itace.
Murasheed yana da harshe mai tsayi wanda zai iya haɓaka har zuwa santimita 10 a tsawonsa. Harshe, kamar Velcro, yana kama ganima. Lokacin kamawa, ƙananan pebbles, ƙasa ko wasu abubuwa na iya haye harshe. Ya haɗiye wannan duk sau da yawa a bakinsa, sannan ya haɗiye shi.
Abinda yake da mahimmanci, hakoran dabba ƙanana ne da rauni. Suna da siffar asymmetric kuma suna iya zama tsayi daban-daban har ma da fadi. Yayi kusan kashi 50-52. Da wuya palate shimfiɗa ya fi yadda yawancin dabbobi masu shayarwa. Amma wannan fasalin yana da alaƙa da tsawon harshensa.
Abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da kayan maye
- Murashed ba kawai dabba ba ne na Australiya, amma har ma na musamman. Yana farka da rana yana bacci da dare, wanda ba irinsa bane ga marsupials.
- Idan ka sami nasarar kama dabbar, to wannan ba zai nuna juriya ba, sabanin sauran wakilan duniyar dabba. Amma za a girmama ku da irin wahalar da ya sha, wanda zai ba da shaida ga halin rashin jin daɗin sa da farin ciki.
- Harshen marsupial na Ostiraliya yana da siffar silima, wanda ba shi da ma'ana ga dabbobi masu shayarwa, kuma tsawonsa ya kai santimita 10, wanda kusan rabin tsawon jikin yake.
- Marsupial anteater suna cinye adadin adadin adadin lokaci a rana - guda 20,000.
- Barcinsa yana da zurfi da ƙarfi don haka za a iya kwatanta shi da rayayyar tashin hankali. Farka shi kusan ba zai yuwu ba.
- Daga cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa wanda ke rayuwa a cikin ƙasa, wannan shine kawai wakilin da ke da adadin hakora - guda 52. Kuma wannan duk da cewa ya kusan ba ya amfani da su, fifita haɗiye abinci.
Matsayi na dabba da kariyarta
Sakamakon cewa yawancin dawakai da yawa, karnukan feral da kuliyoyi sun bayyana a mazaunin marsupial anteater, kuma masu cin amana ba sa yin asarar rayukansu, yawan nambat ya ragu sosai. Wannan ya faru ne sanadi saboda zuwan dawakai masu dawakai masu haske a jikin nahiyar a karni na 19. A ƙarshen 70s na ƙarni na ƙarshe a Kudancin Ostiraliya da Yankin Arewa, akwai mutane kusan 1,000.
Hakanan, fadada ayyukan aikin ɗan adam ya shafi ɓacewar maɗaukakiyar tururuwa. Uman fashin teku da manoma sun ƙone rassan busassun rassan, rassan, da ragowar daga itatuwan da aka sare. Sakamakon haka, mutane da yawa da ke ci goose a cikin waɗannan rassa da ganyayyaki sun ƙone saboda sakaci na ɗan adam.
A halin yanzu, yawan jama'ar yana da ƙima kamar mutum, wanda ke ba da damar haɓaka da kiyaye waɗannan dabbobi.
Yawan rayuwar dabbar ya kai shekaru 4-6.
Nambat dabba ce da aka jera a cikin Littafin Ruwa, yana da matsayin "m", wato, a ƙarshen ƙonewa.
A ƙarshe game da dabba mai ban mamaki
A yau mun faru ne don sanin wani dabba na musamman daga nahiyar Australiya - anrsater na marsupial. Wannan dabba ce mai ban sha'awa dangane da lura. Ba shi da ikon zalunci da kare kai. Samun bayanai game da matsayinsa na Red Book, babu shakka, yana da kyau a kula da wannan ɗan ƙaramin ɗan kwalliyar tare da kulawa da kulawa. Adana rayuwar dabbobin Red Book abune mai mahimmanci ga bil'adama.
Dunƙu mai Tsoro - Numbat
marsupial anteater | |
---|---|
Tsarin kimiyya | |
Mulkin: | Animalia |
Nau'i: | Chordate |
Class | dabbobi masu shayarwa |
infraclass: | Marsupialia |
Oda: | gurbataccen marsupials |
Iyali: | Myrmecobiidae Gidan Ruwa, 1841 |
Jinsi: | Myrmecobius |
Views: | |
Sunan wake | |
Myrmecobius fasciatus | |
tallatawa | |
| |
Rangadin Jirgin Ruwa (kore - ɗan ƙasa, ruwan hoda - akai-akai) |
Rashin Tsarukan Maraba ( noombat ) ko walpurti ( Myrmecobius fasciatus ), yar asalin kwari ce ta asali zuwa Yammacin Ostiraliya kuma kwanan nan aka sake haɗe ta zuwa Kudancin Ostiraliya. Abincinsa ya ƙunshi kusan keɓaɓɓen sifofin. Da zarar an yaɗu ko'ina cikin Kudancin Ostiraliya, kewayon ta a takaice yanzu yana da smallan kananan yankuna, kuma an jera ta azaman nau'in haɗari. Marsupial anteater alama ce ta Yammacin Ostiraliya kuma tsarewar ta kiyaye shi.
Taxonomy
Rashin gidan abinci na Marsupial Myrmecobius shine kadai dangi Myrmecobiidae , ofaya daga cikin iyalai huɗun waɗanda ke yin abin da ya fara zubar da jini, maƙiyin mahalli na Ostiraliya.
Tsarin jinsin bashi da alaƙa da wasu marsupials, tsarin da akeyi yanzu a cikin gurɓataccen gado yana sanya danginsa ɗaya daban daban da nau'in marsupial. Ana neman kusanci kusa da tulsin da ya ɓace, wanda yake a cikin tsari iri ɗaya. Nazarin kwayoyin halitta sun nuna cewa magabatan dabbobi masu barin gado sun rabu da wasu cututtukan tsakanin shekaru miliyan 32 zuwa 42 da suka gabata, a ƙarshen Eocene.
An san ƙungiyoyi biyu, amma ɗayansu, ruɗani ne mai lalata. M. f. Rufus ), ya ƙare, tunda aƙalla a cikin shekarun 1960, kaɗan ne kawai ( M. f. Fasciatus ) ya kasance da rai. Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, an ce wata rigar ta lalatacciya ce da ke da sutura mai jingina fiye da yadda take rayuwa. Kalilan samfuran burbushin halittu ne da aka sani da cewa sune mafi tsufa, suna komawa zuwa ga Pleistocene, kuma babu wani burbushin mallakar wasu jinsi daga wannan dangi da har yanzu ba a gano ba.
† Thylacinus (tulsin)
Myrmecobius (marsupial anteater)
Haɓakawa (dunnarts)
Phascogale (wamboners)
Dasyurus (kwallaye)
Ana ɗaukar sunaye gama gari daga sunayen da suka zo mana lokacin mulkin Ingilishi, marsupial anteater , daga harshen Nyungar a kudu maso yammacin Ostiraliya, da walpurti , suna a cikin yaren Pitjantjatjara. Harshe da karin lafazin sunan Nyungar an tsara su, bisa tsarin binciken tushen kafofin da aka buga da kuma shawarwari na zamani da suka haifar da sunan noombat ana kiran noom'bat. Wasu sunaye sun hada da taguwar anteater da marsupial anteater.
Rarraba da wurin zama
A baya an rarraba Numbats ko'ina cikin Kudancin Australia, daga Yammacin Australiya zuwa arewa maso yammacin New South Wales. Koyaya, adadinsu ya ragu sosai bayan shigowar Turawa, kuma jinsin ya tsira ne kawai a cikin wasu kananan filaye guda biyu a cikin Dryandra Woodland da kuma Reserve Nature Reserve, kamar yadda yake a Western Australia. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, duk da haka, an sami nasarar dawo da shi zuwa asusoshi da dama, ciki har da wasu a Kudancin Ostireliya (Yookamurra Sanctuary) da New South Wales (Scotia Sanctuary).
A yau ana iya ganin numbats a wuraren dazuzzukan daji na bishiyar eucalyptus, amma sun sake yaɗu cikin sauran gandun dazuzzuka, makiyayan Spinifex, da dunƙuƙun daji a cikin yankin.
Lafiyar dabi'a da hali
Numbats kwari ne kuma suna cin abinci mai ƙarancin lokaci. Tsohuwar marsupial anteater na buƙatar aƙalla 20,000 a kowace rana. Tunda marsupial yayi aiki sosai a lokacin rana, marsupial anteater suna ba da mafi yawan lokacinninta ne dan neman lafuzza. Ya tono su daga sako-sako da qasa da gaban farashi da kuma kama su da dogon m harshen. Duk da sunan anteater, da alama cewa tururuwa bata cin tururuwa da gangan ba, kodayake ana samun ragowar tururuwa a cikin marsupial anteater ta dung, suna cikin jinsin da kansu mafarautan suke, don haka mai yiwuwa an ci su kwatsam, tare da babban abincin. Shahararrun masu farauta a kan lambobi sun haɗa da murfin dutse na Python Morelia spilota imbricata gabatar da wani ja fox, da kuma sauran falcon, shaho da mikiya.
Numan Adam na daɗaɗɗa da mazauni ɗaya ko ƙasa, namiji ko mace yana kafa yankin da ya kai muraba'in kilomita 1.5 (aƙalla 370) a farkon rayuwa, sannan yana kare shi daga wasu jinsi ɗaya. Dabba, a matsayina na mai mulkin, ya kasance a cikin wannan yanki tun daga wannan lokacin, maza da mata na yankuna sun mamaye juna, kuma a cikin lokacin kiwo, maza sun wuce adadinsu na yau da kullun a gida don neman ma'aurata.
Duk da yake marsupial anteater yana da ƙarfin iko don girman sa, ba shi da ƙarfi don samun tururuwa a cikin takaddun makamancinsa, don haka dole ne a jira har sai lokacin da tururuwa suke aiki. Yana amfani da ingantacciyar ma'anar ƙanshi don nemo ƙarami da mafi ƙarancin ƙarƙashin ƙasa wanda ke ginawa tsakanin gida da wuraren ciyar dasu, yawanci kawai ɗan gajeren nisa ne daga ƙasa ƙasa, kuma har ila yau yana da saurin ɓarkewar maɓoɓin tururuwa.
Rashin lafiyar marsupial tana aiki da lokacinta tare da aiki na lokaci lokaci, wanda ya dogara da zafin jiki: a cikin hunturu, tana ci daga tsakar rana zuwa tsakar rana, a lokacin rani yakan tashi sama, yana neman mafaka a ƙarshen rana, kuma ya sake yin aiki a ƙarshen rana.
A dare, marsupial anteater sun koma zuwa gida, wanda zai iya zama katako ko rami na itace, ko mink, yawanci ƙararrakin mikakke mai 1-2 m wanda ya ƙare a cikin ɗakunan maraƙi mai shimfiɗa tare da kayan shuka mai laushi: ciyawa, ganye, furanni da murƙushe haushi. Jirgin saman ya sami damar toshe buɗewar gidansa, tare da ɓoye ɓoyayyen bututunsa, don hana mai izinin samun damar shiga ƙyallen. Numbats ba su da voan muryar magana, amma sun bayar da rahoton farauta, girma, ko sautin maimaita “tut” lokacin da ya faskara.
Haifuwa
Numbats suna haihuwar juna a cikin watan Fabrairu da Maris (a ƙarshen bazara ta Antarctic>, yawanci suna haifar da litter ɗaya a shekara. Suna iya haifar da na biyu idan na farko ya ɓace.Gestation yana ɗaukar kwanaki 15, kuma yana haifar da haihuwar yara huɗu. da jaka, dukda cewa nono guda hudu ana kiyaye shi ta hanyar facin, gashin gwal da kumburi da kewayen ciki da kwatangwalo yayin shayarwa.
Matasa 2 cm (inci 0.79) tsawon haihuwa. Nan da nan suka yi hanzari zuwa kan nono kuma ba su kasance a haɗe ba har ƙarshen watan Yuli ko farkon watan Agusta, a lokacin da suka girma zuwa 7.5 cm (inci 3.0). Tsayin su yakai 3 cm (inci 1.2), lokacin da suka fara fitar da fur, tsarin tsofaffi zai fara bayyana da zaran sun kai 5.5 cm (inci 2.2). An bar kaji a cikin mazauni ko kuma a ci gaba da mahaifiyar bayan anyi gurnani, sun sami 'yanci gaba daya daga Nuwamba. Mace na yin jima'i a lokacin bazara mai zuwa, amma maza ba su kai ga balaga ba har wani shekara.
Matsayin Kariya
Kafin fara mulkin mallaka na Turai, an samo rubutattun maguna a yawancin yankin daga New South Wales da iyakar Victoria a yamma a cikin Tekun Indiya, da kuma nisa zuwa arewa maso yamma kudu maso yammacin arewacin Territory. Ya kasance gida mai yawan dazuzzuka da kuma wuraren zama a ciki. Sakamakon sakin Turai da aka yi da gangan a karni na 19, duk da haka, ya lalata daukacin mazaunin mazaunan a Victoria, New South Wales, South Australia da Arewacin Territory, kuma kusan dukkanin lambobi a Yammacin Australiya ma. A ƙarshen shekarun 1970, alkalumman sun yi yawa a cikin mutane 1,000 da suka tattara kansu a cikin kananan yankuna biyu, kusa da Perth, Dryandra da Perup.
Rikodin farko game da nau'in ya bayyana shi mai kyau, roƙonsa ya haifar da zaɓaɓɓen shi a matsayin alama ta zaman lafiya ta jihar yammacin Ostiraliya kuma ya fara ƙoƙarin tseratar da shi daga halaka.
Smallarancin kananan mutanen Australiya guda biyu a fili sun sami damar rayuwa, saboda duka waɗannan yankuna suna da ramuka masu yawa da zasu iya zama mafaka daga mafarauta. Kasancewar hasken rana, turbar marsupial tana da matukar haɗari ga masu hasara fiye da sauran marsupials masu girman daidai: ƙaddarawar halitta sun haɗa da gaggafa, goshawk launin ruwan kasa, abin wuya na kestrel, da sutturar magana. Lokacin da gwamnatin Yammacin Ostiraliya ta gabatar da wani shirin-jirgi na ba da fox a kan Dryandra (ɗaya daga cikin rukunin yanar gizon biyu da suka rage), marsupial anteater sun ƙara ƙaruwa 40.
Bincike mai zurfi da adana shirin tun daga 1980 ya yi nasarar samar da ƙarancin ci gaban mazaunin mazauna maza, an kuma fara yin aikin sake buɗe wuraren a wuraren ba da biyun. Perth Zoo tana da hazaka sosai wajen shayar da wannan nau'in 'yan asalin da ke cikin bauta don sakinsu cikin jeji. Duk da irin karfin gwiwa na nasarar da aka samu zuwa yanzu, marshinan gidan dabbobi na da matukar hadarin bacewa kuma an sanya shi a matsayin jinsin da ke cikin hadari.
Tun 2006, masu ba da agaji na aikin marsupial anteater sun taimaka ceto marsupial anteater daga rushewa. Daya daga cikin manyan manufofin aikin shine gurbataccen gidan tarihi don tara kudade don kiyayewa da fadakarwa ta wayar da kai ta hanyar gabatarwar da masu sa kai a makarantu, kungiyoyin al'umma, da kuma abubuwan da suka faru.
Za'a iya samun nasarar Numbats cikin nasara zuwa wuraren da suka gabata idan ana samun kariya daga masu ƙaddara.
Bayanan farko
Anarateriya ta farko wacce aka fara sani da Turawa a shekarar 1831. An gano ta ne a wani taron bincike na kasa, inda suka gano kwarin Avon karkashin jagorancin Robert Dale. George Fletcher Moore, wanda memba ne a cikin balaguron, ya yi magana game da gano:
"Na ga kyakkyawan dabba, amma yadda take gudana cikin ramin itace, ban iya tantance ko wata nau'in squirrel, weasel bane ko daji ba. "
da kuma gobe:
"Yana bin wata dabba, alal misali, sun gudu daga gare mu jiya, a cikin rami inda muka kama shi, daga tsawon harshensa da sauran yanayi, muna ɗauka cewa wannan tururuwa ce launinsa mai launin shuɗi, haramun tare da fararen fata da fari a kusa da toshe baya Tsawonsa kusan inci goma sha biyu ne. "
Farkon samfurori na samfuran samfurori waɗanda George Robert Waterhouse ya wallafa, yana bayanin nau'in a 1836 da dangi a 1841 Myrmecobius fasciatus an haɗa shi a farkon ɓangaren John Gould's Dabbobi masu shayarwa daga Australia , wanda aka saki a 1845, tare da farantin daga HC Richter, yana nuna ra'ayoyi.