A tsakiyar shekaru daban-daban akwai wata tatsuniya cewa a cikin bangon duniya wani dodo ya rayu - "dragon-olm." Kasancewar sa a farfajiya na nufin bala'i da ambaliyar ruwa mai gabatowa. Ga shi, gwarzo ne na waɗannan sanannen - Proteus Turai. Wannan ƙaramin ƙaho ne da ake magana da shi wanda ke zaune a cikin kogon ɓoye na ƙasa a yammacin Yankin Balkan. Bai juya harshensa ya kira shi dragon ba. Yana cutar da wannan halitta mai zaki da kariya. Amma duniyar kimiyya tana da sha'awar wannan dabba. Menene dalilin? A cikin tsawon rayuwar da ba a saba ba. Bayan haka, shekarun wasu mutane na iya zama kusan shekara ɗari.
Proteus Turai ko olm (lat.proteus anguinus) (eng. Olm)
Kungiyar kare lafiyar Turai tana zaune ne cikin ruwan sanyi na kogon karkashin kasa, inda duhu yake sarauta, kuma zafin ruwan bai wuce digiri 10 ba. Yankin rarraba shi yana da iyaka. An samo shi a cikin kofofin Magdalen da Adelsberg (Yugoslavia) da kuma ƙafafun ƙafafun Venetian Alps (Arewacin Italiya) (an kawo shi can).
Girmanta ba ya haifar da tsoro da firgici. Tsawon jikin maciji shine santimita 30, ba a yin awo da gram 20. Sakamakon rashin hasken, kariya ba ta da launi, kuma jiki yana da launin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi. Amma yana da nau'i-nau'i guda uku masu haske masu gurnati mai haske, kamar axolotl, da ƙananan raunin rauni tare da yatsunsu. Wutsiya gajarta ce kuma dan kadan an matse ta a gefe. Tunda olm ya kwashe rayuwarsa gabaɗaya cikin duhu, idanunsa basu waye ba.
Kodadde fata Gwanaye mai haske Eyesarancin idanu
Baya ga kwayoyin cuta na garkuwar jiki, garkuwar jiki tana da huhu, amma ba zata iya yin numfashi ba har tsawon lokaci. Dabbar da aka cire daga ruwan tana iya mutuwa cikin 'yan awanni biyu. Saboda haka, furotin yakan tashi zuwa saman ruwa ne kawai bayan iskar iska.
Duk da makanta, har yanzu yana iya hango haske, amma ba tare da idanun shi ba, amma tare da sel masu daukar hoto wanda ke saman duk fuskar fata.
A lokacin lura da wadannan 'yan chikiniya, masana kimiyya sun sami damar gano cewa matsakaicin rayuwarsu a dabi'a shine shekaru 69, wasu mutane zasu iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 100. Amma har yanzu ba su fahimci abin da ya haifar da wannan tsawon rai ba. Bayan duk wannan, wannan ba irinta ce ga irin waɗannan ƙananan dabbobi ba. Zato game da tafiyar hawainiya da kuma hada hadaddun abubuwan antioxidant an soke su. Masana kimiyya sun gabatar da matsayin cewa wannan mai yiwuwa ne saboda yanayin kwanciyar hankali da rashin aiki. Bayan haka, wadannan dabbobin basu da makiya na zahiri.
Suna kuma haɓaka a hankali. Balagagge yana faruwa ne a shekaru 15.6. Kuma Proteus yana kawo zuriya sau ɗaya kawai a cikin shekaru 12. Wadannan dabbobin suna da rayayyun haihuwa na lecithotrophic. Wannan yana nufin cewa mace, duka viviparous, na iya sa qwai. Da farko, daga qwai 12 zuwa 80 suka girma a jiki, amma 2 daga cikinsu ne suka fara haɓakawa kuma suka zama larvae, sauran kuma suna yin taro na gwaiduwa kuma suna zama abinci na waɗannan biyu. Yawancin haihuwa ana samun mafi yawan lokuta a yanayi, kuma a cikin bauta, a mafi yawan lokuta, proteas na sa qwai, wanda bayan watanni 3 ana haihuwar ƙananan larvae.
Shortan yatsun gajeren yatsa uku
A cikin bauta, waɗannan "tsoffin dodanni" suna ciyar da ƙananan tsutsotsi da tsutsotsi. Lokaci mai yawa da zasu iya yi ba tare da abinci ba.
Proteus da ciyawar duniya
Yanzu adadin protea na Turai ya ragu sosai. Wannan ya faru ne ta hanyar kama su da adadi mai yawa na siyarwa ga masu yawon bude ido da wuraren shakatawa. A halin yanzu dabba tana karkashin kariya kuma an kame shi gaba daya. An hada da kare lafiyar Turai a cikin Littafin IUCN Red Book.
Ana son sanin komai
Wannan ya kama ni ta Intanet a nan wata halitta ce mai ban sha'awa. Wani abu nan da nan ya tunatar shi ke nan game da wannan mu'ujiza - Axolotl . Amma a yau muna magana ne game da ...
A tsakiyar shekaru daban-daban akwai wata tatsuniya cewa a cikin bangon duniya wani dodo ya rayu - "dragon-olm." Kasancewar sa a farfajiya na nufin bala'i da ambaliyar ruwa mai zuwa. Ga shi, gwarzo ne na waɗannan sanannen - Proteus Turai. Wannan ƙaramin ƙaho ne da ake magana da shi wanda ke zaune a cikin kogon ɓoye na ƙasa a yammacin Yankin Balkan. Shi da macijin sannan ya kira harshe baya juyawa. Yana cutar da wannan halitta mai zaki da kariya. Amma duniyar kimiyya tana da sha'awar wannan dabba.
Menene dalilin? A cikin tsawon rayuwar da ba a saba ba. Bayan haka, shekarun wasu mutane na iya zama kusan shekara ɗari.
Hoto na 2.
Kungiyar kare lafiyar Turai (Proteus anguinus) tana zaune a cikin ruwan sanyi na kogon karkashin kasa, inda duhu yake sarauta, kuma zazzabi ruwan bai wuce digiri 10 ba. Yankin rarraba shi yana da iyaka. An samo shi a cikin kofofin Magdalen da Adelsberg (Yugoslavia) da kuma ƙafafun ƙafafun Venetian Alps (Arewacin Italiya) (an kawo shi can).
Hoto na 3.
Girmanta ba ya haifar da tsoro da firgici. Tsawon jikin maciji shine santimita 30, ba a yin awo da gram 20. Sakamakon rashin hasken, kariya ba ta da launi, kuma jiki yana da launin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi. Amma yana da nau'i-nau'i guda uku masu haske masu gurnati mai haske, kamar axolotl, da ƙananan raunin rauni tare da yatsunsu. Wutsiya gajarta ce kuma dan kadan an matse ta a kaikaice. Tunda olm ya kwashe rayuwarsa gabaɗaya cikin duhu, idanunsa basu waye ba.
Hoto na 4.
Baya ga kwayoyin cuta na garkuwar jiki, garkuwar jiki tana da huhu, amma ba zata iya yin numfashi ba har tsawon lokaci. Dabbar da aka cire daga ruwan tana iya mutuwa cikin 'yan awanni biyu. Saboda haka, furotin yakan tashi zuwa saman ruwa ne kawai bayan iskar iska.
Duk da makanta, har yanzu yana iya hango haske, amma ba tare da idanun shi ba, amma tare da sel masu daukar hoto wanda ke saman duk fuskar fata.
Hoto na 5.
A lokacin lura da wadannan 'yan chikiniya, masana kimiyya sun sami damar gano cewa matsakaicin rayuwarsu a dabi'a shine shekaru 69, wasu mutane zasu iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 100. Amma har yanzu ba su fahimci abin da ya haifar da wannan tsawon rai ba. Bayan duk wannan, wannan ba irinta ce ga irin waɗannan ƙananan dabbobi ba. Zato game da tafiyar hawainiya da kuma hada hadaddun abubuwan antioxidant an soke su. Masana kimiyya sun gabatar da matsayin cewa wannan mai yiwuwa ne saboda yanayin kwanciyar hankali da rashin aiki. Bayan haka, wadannan dabbobin basu da makiya na zahiri.
Hoto na 6.
Suna kuma haɓaka a hankali. Balagagge yana faruwa ne a shekaru 15.6. Kuma Proteus yana kawo zuriya sau ɗaya kawai a cikin shekaru 12. Wadannan dabbobin suna da rayayyun haihuwa na lecithotrophic. Wannan yana nufin cewa mace, duka viviparous, na iya sa qwai. Da farko, daga qwai 12 zuwa 80 suka girma a jiki, amma 2 daga cikinsu ne suka fara haɓakawa kuma suka zama larvae, sauran kuma suna yin taro na gwaiduwa kuma suna zama abinci na waɗannan biyu. Yawancin haihuwa ana samun mafi yawan lokuta a yanayi, kuma a cikin bauta, a mafi yawan lokuta, proteas na sa qwai, wanda bayan watanni 3 ana haihuwar ƙananan larvae.
Hoto na 7.
A cikin bauta, waɗannan "tsoffin dodanni" suna ciyar da ƙananan tsutsotsi da tsutsotsi. Lokaci mai yawa da zasu iya yi ba tare da abinci ba.
Yanzu adadin protea na Turai ya ragu sosai. Wannan ya faru ne ta hanyar kama su da adadi mai yawa na siyarwa ga masu yawon bude ido da wuraren shakatawa. A halin yanzu dabba tana karkashin kariya kuma an kame shi gaba daya. An hada da kare lafiyar Turai a cikin Littafin IUCN Red Book.
Hoto 8.
Hoto 9.
Hoto 10.
Hoto na 11.
Hoto na 12.
kafofin
http://www.zooeco.com/eco-zabi/eco-zabi3-5-1.html
http://ianimal.ru/topics/protejj-evropejjskijj
http://www.zoopicture.ru/proteus-anguinus/
Fewan ƙarin halittu masu ban mamaki a cikin duniyarmu: alal misali, wannan Dabino ne rabin dabbobi da rabi, anan kuma akwai ban mamaki RAYUWA HYDRA da Kwayar Porcupine waɗanda suke rayuwa akan itaciya. Bari mu kuma tuna da menene wannan katuwar rana da kuma kananan Ostareliya