An sani cewa cuckoo, wannan tsuntsu mai rauni mai kwari, yayi kama da kama da mai shaho, tsuntsu wanda yake kare tsuntsayen. Cuckoo yana da guda ɗaya mai launin toka kamar shaho, guda ɗaya kirji da kuma wutsiya guda. Musamman, yana da sauƙi don yin kuskure, ɗaukar sananniyar abu tsuntsu don ninki biyu, lokacin da ta tashi, kuma, watakila, a kan tsalle ne za'a iya haɗuwa dasu, saboda cuckoo zaune yana da ɗan bambanci tare da shaho yayin gabatarwarsa da kyawu. Tunda akwai dalilai na kowane abu a cikin yanayi, ba don komai ba ne cewa cuckoo tayi ado a cikin suturar tsuntsu na ganima. Don bayyana dalilin da yasa ta buƙaci irin wannan masar, zamu juya zuwa wasu fasalolin rayuwarta. Kowa ya san cewa ba ta girma a gida ba, amma a cikin hanyar ɓarayi tana sanya ƙwaya ɗaya a cikin kuran sauran tsuntsayen, suna zaɓar waɗanda a lokaci guda waɗanda su ka ƙanƙan girma fiye da tsayinta, wato larks, warblers, dais, da dai sauransu Wata ƙaramin cuckoo da aka haife tare da wasu kajin wasu tsuntsu, haɓaka, ba shakka, mafi kusantar 'ya'yan asalin mahaifiyar mahaifiyarta. Da zaran ta kasance tana gaban ci gabanta, to ba tare da wani biki ba ta fitar da su daga gida. Ana yin hakan ne don a barsu ita kaɗai, in ba haka ba karamar uwar babban iyali ba za ta iya ciyar da cuckoo da aka sanya mata ba, wanda sau biyu ke da yawan mai shayar da ita.
Don kare kayan tsuntsayenmu, dole ne a faɗi cewa wannan ba ta rashin hankali bane kuma ba taƙararren zuciya ce da ta ba 'ya'yanta su kasance a cikin gidan baƙuwa ba: ita, watakila, tana kulawa da zuriyarta ba ƙasa da wasu ba, amma yanayin kanta yana tilasta ta ta nuna hali cuckoo. A zahiri, zai iya ɗaukar kwai ɗaya bayan ɗaya kawai a manyan tazara, a cikin kusan mako guda ko fiye. A ce ta yi nata gida kuma ta fara kyankyasar kwaya, to a lokaci guda tana iya samun samari da kuma sabbin kajin, da kuma qwai sun tsage kawai. Da fatan za a yi ma'amala da irin wannan dangin. Kajin farko yana buƙatar ciyar da shi, saboda haka dole ne ku tashi don kama kwari, a gefe guda, kuna buƙatar zama a gida da ƙyamar sauran ƙwai. Don tayar da kajin - ƙwai za a tafi, kula da ƙwai - kajin zai mutu saboda yunwar, a cikin kalma, aƙalla ya fashe. Abu daya ya rage: sanya kwancen kwayar cuta a wasu gidajen wasu.
Cewar glaciers, larks da sauran kananan tsuntsaye sunzo a banza, suna kiwon sauran mutane, wannan ba abun mamaki bane. Qwai Cuckoo, da farko, sunada kadan, kuma na biyu, suna da bambanci sosai da launi. A wasu, suna kama da larks, a wasu suna kama da ƙwai, da sauransu, yayin da cuckoo ya sanya su a lokaci ɗaya kawai a cikin waɗannan wuraren inda ba za su iya bambanta da sauran ba.
Ba a bayyane yadda tsuntsayen suke ba da izinin cuckoo su hau cikin gidansu ba. A cikin bazara ba su bar shi ba har tsawon lokaci, ɗayan iyayen yana zaune koyaushe a can ko juya baya a cikin kusanci. Me ya rage yayi cuckoo a wannan yanayin? Miji uwargijiya daga gida: fita, in ji su, shin zan sa ƙwayayenku? - don haka cuckoo bashi da ƙarfi kamar yadda za'a iya jure da aƙalla warbler, kuma warbler da sauran tsuntsayen ba su da kazanta da ƙarancin bayarwa. Muna ma zaton cewa mun sami nasarar tilasta uwar fatar su kore ta, to menene amfanin wannan? Babu wani tashin hankali da zai tilasta wa tsuntsun da aka yi laifin jinkirtaccen ƙin wani, aƙalla tare da nasu. An san cewa mazaunan da ke rikicewa yawanci suna gudu zuwa ga makomar su. Nan ne kukan cuckoo yake kwatancen kwatankwacinsa ga tsuntsu mai cin abincinsa. Kowa yaga yadda kananan tsuntsaye ke murƙushewa daga shaho, duk wanda ya iya a ina. Sun kuma crumble daga cuckoo, sun kuskure kuskuren ta don wannan maƙiyin, kuma kawai tana buƙatar wannan. Yayinda tsuntsun yayi kwanciyar hankali ko kuma yayi tsinkaye game da kuskuren sa, cuckoo yana da lokacin da zai sanya ƙwayayensa a ciki kuma ya tashi, don haka daga baya uwargidan ba zata zata ce tana da bako a cikin gida ta bar kyauta ba.
Gabatarwa:
Ana samun Cuckoos kusan ko'ina a cikin ƙasar Rasha da sauran ƙasashe. A cikin gandun daji 'mawaƙa' kowa yana san 'sautinta'. Amma tunda tsuntsu ke jagorantar wani salon rayuwa mai cikakken tsari, kwari ne kawai da daddare, kuma yakan ɓoye cikin jeji na daji lokacin da rana, har ma da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masani sun fi karanci game da cuckoo fiye da sauran nau'ikan tsuntsaye. Saboda haka, tabbas, rayuwar wannan tsuntsu bai zama ɗan littafin karatu ba. Har yanzu mutane sun yi imani da alamu daban-daban da ke da alaƙa da cuckoo, mawaƙa suna raira shi.
- Koyi da kanka gwargwadon abin da zai yiwu game da rayuwar tsuntsu.
- Don nazarin dalilan don halayen mutane daban-daban ga cuckoo.
- Materiala tattara kayan abu daga almara da almara, suna ƙirƙirar ra'ayin cuckoo-alama ce.
Aikin shine gano dalilin da yasa mutane ke da alaƙa da cuckoo daban.
Abinda ake yin bincike shine rayuwar tsuntsu cuckoo.
Taken binciken shine 1) hoton cuckoo a cikin adabin almara, cikin almara da 2) halayyar tsuntsu a yanayi.
Hanyoyin: bincika bayanai a cikin labarun adabi, cikin almara, litattafan kimiyya, shafukan yanar gizo akan Intanet, nazarin bayanai, tambayoyin bayanai, samar da kayan.
- Idan cuckoo ba ya sanya ƙwai a cikin wasu wuraren wasu mutane ba, kuma idan zai tayar da kajin nasa, yana da nasa gida, to mutane za suyi la'akari da wannan tsuntsu na talakawa, bazai yi imani da iyawarta ta subu ba, kuma hotonta a adabin gargajiya da ayyukan fasaha bazai zama labari.
- Sakamakon da ake tsammanin: Cuckoo yana tayar da sha'awa ga mutane tare da halayen da ba a saba ba. An kirkiro wani ra'ayi daban na cuckoo a cikin tunanin mutane a ƙarƙashin rinjayar almara da ayyukan almara.
1. Hoton cuckoo a cikin adabin gargajiya
1.1. Legends da hadisai game da cuckoo
A duk yaruka, sunan wannan tsuntsu, wanda kimiyya da yarda da shi, ya samo asali daga sanannun "ku-ku". Kuma a duk ƙasashe, Legends da yawa suna da alaƙa da cuckoo.
An san ta a zamanin da. Daga cikin tsoffin Helenawa, an dauki cuckoo dabbar alfarma na allahiya Hera, alama ce ta bazara, soyayya, sake haihuwa. . An yiwa sandan suturar Hera ado da zane mai ban sha'awa saboda Zeus ya juya ya zama wannan tsuntsu kafin ya shiga aure tare da ita.
Tsakanin mutane da yawa, an dauki ta kamar tsuntsu mai keɓancewa ruhu, mai maganar nan gaba, manzon maɓuɓɓuga.
Har ila yau, kabilun Slavic sun dauki matsayin abubuwan tsuntsu. Ya kamata ta fadawa mutane labarin farkon bazara. Eterayyade tsawon rayuwar ɗan adam, lokacin aure. Cuckoo alama ce ta Slavic ta mace mai son rai: duka biyu marasa farin ciki a cikin aure da maras rai. Cuckoo yana daya daga cikin tsuntsayen dabarun ilimin gargajiya na al'adun Slavic. Dangane da shahararrun imani, cuckoo bashi da mace: mijinta ya nutsar ko ita kanta ta kashe shi, ta matse shi daga hasken ko ya ɓoye shi a ƙarƙashin gadar. Kamar yadda labari ɗaya ya faɗi, masan ɗin ya bar cuckoo a lokacin Tufana. Sabili da haka, ma'ajin cuckoo tare da hoopoe, hankaka, shaho, hudun dare ko ma da zakara. A cikin tatsuniya, cuckoo wata bazawara ce mai baƙin ciki ta juya zuwa tsuntsu: mace. Jiran da kira ga mai lalatar da miji, 'yar uwa, da makokin mutuwar dan uwanta ko kuma la'antar da dan uwanta yayi saboda makullin makullin. Tun daga wannan lokacin, masan din ke kiran dan uwansa: "Ni ne jackpot, almakashi shine gawa, tashi, makullin namu ne!" ko "Mac-sim, dawo, kli-chi namu!". A cikin ɗayan labarun almara, Cuckoo ya zama yarinya wanda Kristi ya hore ta saboda yin karya: ita, tana kare St. Peter, wanda ya saci dawakai, ya yi ihu: "Ku-sha-sha!", 'Yar da mahaifiyarta ko mahaifinta suka la'anta, ta sayi gwauruwa wacce ba ta ciyar da miskinai (Allah) da burodi, budurwa da ta tsoran Allah daga gadar, yarinyar da iyayenta suka kore ta da kuma sha'awar mahaifarta ta asali. . Juyawa tayi a cuckoo, ta tashi tayi gida.
Waƙoƙi na Yukren na Ukraine suna ba da labarin yadda kuki ke tashi don ƙone akan matattu. Ita ce kewar mutum da baƙin ciki da baƙin ciki ga ƙaunatattun matattu. A cikin waƙar bikin aure, amarya maraya ta aika da wani kuki don 'yan uwanta da suka mutu, domin su zo daga duniya ta gaba don yi mata albarkacin sabuwar rayuwa mai farin ciki. A cikin hanyar cuckoo suna wakiltar ran wani dangin mamacin. A cikin makokin jana'izar, an yiwa marigayin jawabi tare da kalmomin: "Ku yi mini jinkiri tare da cuckoo, ku ba ni kitse na kanku." A cikin matsalar cuckoo, rai, kamar, ya tashi zuwa ƙasa don tattaunawa tare da dangi. Sau da yawa a cikin cuckoo sun ga manzo daga "duniyar duniyar". A cikin yankin da ke kan iyaka da Belarus, akwai al'ada don yin zaɓin tare da cuckoo. Matan da suka rasa dangi na kusa ko suka rabu da su, suna zuwa daji kuma a can, da suka ji cuckoo, suna magana tare da ita kawai, suna makoki da kukan azaba. Cuckoo suna matsakanci ne tsakanin wannan da “sauran duniya”: suna tambayar labarai daga “sauran duniyar” game da ƙaunatattun su, ta hanyar sa ne suke aikawa da umarni da buƙatu zuwa gare su.
Dangane da shahararrun imani, lokacin da Allah ya halicci duniya, ya ba kowane dabba da tsuntsu zaɓi gidansu. Lantarki yana son busassun bishiyoyi da yadudduka, ruku'u da lark - filayen marasa iyaka, haɗiyen ya zauna ƙarƙashin rufin. Kadarorin cuckoo kawai ba za su iya zaɓar wani abu ba ga yadda ta ke sonta. Don haka ta tashi cikin wani bincike maras amfani, babu inda take da kafa gida da jefa qwai cikin sauran gidajen mutane.
Ba a taɓa la'akari da cuckoo ba, mummunan tsuntsu. Maimakon haka, yana da kirki, tausayi (yin kuka a cikin bala'i), faɗakarwa game da haɗari, iya iya ba da labari mai kyau game da ƙaunataccen. An yi imani cewa cuckoo ya zo daga mutum, don haka ba za a iya kashe shi ba. Ba daidaituwa ba ne labarin almara na al'ummomi daban-daban ke ba da labari game da makomar ɗan adam, game da 'yan matan da suka tsira daga bala'i, daga bege, baƙin ciki da kuma saboda kadaici sun zama kayan cuckoo. Idan ka saurara sosai a game da waƙar cuckoo, hakika, tana waka da baƙin ciki.
Shirye-shiryen almara da al'adun mutane sun ba da shaida cewa a zamanin da mutane mutane suna mu'amala da cuckoo ta zama yar annabiya kuma suna jin tausayin azaman zaman kadaici da rashin gida.
1.2. Imani da alamomi masu alaƙa da isowa da cuckoo cuckoo
Cuckoo - halayyar da yawa zasu yarda kuma suka gaskanta. Keɓaɓɓen mace. Akwai wata ma'anar game da ita a matsayin "jagora" daga duniyar duniyar zuwa duniyar bayyane. Saboda haka, tana iya yin azaman manzon masifa ko annabiya ta rayuwa mai kyau.
Alamu da imani suna da alaƙa da lalata. Jin kararrawar daren bazara kafin cuckoo - zuwa lokacin bazara mai farin ciki, da kuma cuckoo kafin wasan dare - zuwa mara sa'a. Zuwan farkon cuckoo da farkon cunkoson jama'a, lokacin da ba a riga an sanya riguna tare da ciyawar ba, yana nuna shekara mai lalacewa, yunwa, da annoba. Ba za ku iya iyo ba Har cuckoo yana da cizo. Bayan sun ji cuckoo a karon farko, sai suka dauki dintsi na kasa daga karkashin kafarsu ta dama suka sanya a karkashin gado domin kada kwari. Duk wanda yaji cuckoo a karon farko akan komai a ciki, wannan shekarar yayi alƙawarin bazata. Idan a cikin bazara kun ji murhun farko a hannun dama, sa'a za ta bi, idan a hagu - sa'a za ta ragu har zuwa ragowar shekara.
Ana ɗaukar kukan cuckoo sau da yawa azaman abin tsoro ne. Suka ce: "The cuckoo ne cuckooing - baƙin ciki ne watsa." Saboda haka. Da suka ji haka, sai suka yi ƙoƙarin kawar da masifar da sifa: “Kuna da hayaniya, amma bisa kanku.”
Haɗin cuckoo tare da mutuwa ana samunsu a cikin imani masu zuwa. Idan ta cizo a saman rufin gidan, za a sami gawa ko wuta a cikin wannan gidan. Sun yi imani cewa kafin mutuwar wani sai ta tashi zuwa gida a cikin hunturu. Sun ce idan a karon farko a lokacin bazara zaka ji cuckoo ya zube a idanunku, sannan zaku yi kuka, idan kuma kun mutu a baya. Tana isar da mutuwa. Rashin farin ciki ko tsada mai tsada idan cuckoo a faɗuwar rana. Sanannen abu ne sananne game da bada labari game da lokacin da ake fara mutuwa. Don yin wannan, sun yi tambaya game da cuckoo: “cuckoo shine sulfur, yi kwalliya sosai game da shekaru nawa ya rayu da lokacin da zai mutu. Don cuckoo don dafa tsawon lokaci kuma kada ya tashi daga reshen, sai suka yi ƙoƙari su yi zage dutsen har su ɗaure shi da bel.
Cuckoo cuckoo ya ba da tsoro ba kawai, har ma da fata. 'Yan matan suna ta jiran shigowar cuckoo zuwa gida, tunda har yanzu wannan alama ce ta bikin. Ta hanyar cuckooing, sun ƙayyade shekaru nawa suka rage kafin aure.
Waƙoƙin Cuckoo suna nuna ranakun kalanda, misali: "The cuckoo waka a watan Afrilu, a Mayu, a Ivan, kuma daga baya ba ya rera." A watan Yuli, cuckoo tana shirin tafiya, a watan Agusta lokaci ya yi da za ta tashi daga nan. Ranar Peter (14 ga Yuli) yana da alaƙa da dakatar da cunkoson jama'a. Idan kun ji cuckoo bayan lokacin bazara, ba shi da kyau: ku ba ta amsa don kar ta sake jin ta. Koyaya, wannan imanin yana da dangantaka da “tsohuwar” ranar bazara, wato 6 ga Yuli.
Amma waƙar cuckoo tana da alaƙa ba kawai tare da kwanakin kalanda ba, har ma tare da kwanakin gida. Cuckoo ya cika - lokaci yayi da za a shuka flax. Kingarshen coking yana da alaƙa da lokacin tumatir na hatsin rai, sha'ir ko ganyayen ganye da kuma farkon mow. Suka ce: "A ɗan dafa ƙwanƙwasa a hankali, hatsi na masara ko sha'ir" ko "Lokaci ya yi da za mu doke braids kuma ka dafa rake - ya riga ya zama ƙamshi."
An yi imanin cewa bayan ƙarshen cuckoo cuckoo ya ɓoye a cikin kabeji ko a cikin nettles daga tsuntsayen da ke biye da ita, suna ɗaukar fansa saboda gaskiyar cewa tana jefa ƙwai a cikin wasu mazaunan. Allah ya tozartar da tsuntsu daga wannan gidan kamar azabtarwa don keta haramcin yin aiki na Annunci. Kamar yadda mutane suka ce, "Don cuckoo ba tare da gida ba, wannan a cikin Annunciation curled it." A sakamakon wannan, ta rasa gidan nata da 'ya'yanta. Tun daga wannan lokacin, duk karni na kuka.
Yawancin mutanen Turai suna da ra'ayin cewa cuckoo, bayan dakatar da aikinta ta faɗuwa, ya juya zuwa shaho, wanda ainihin yana da kamannin waje.
Cuckoo - mai yawo da rashin gida - yana rayuwa ba wai kawai a cikin Tarayyar Rasha ba. An san ta a cikin kasashen Turai, Afirka, Indiya, China. A Afirka, Indiya, China, tana hibernates, ba sa jin kukanta a can, kamar dai ba ta yin waka ba a lokacin hutu. A cikin ƙasashen Turai, har yanzu sun yi imani da tatsuniyoyi kuma suna tsammani farkon cuckoo na shekara.
A cikin Jamus, muryar cuckoo, wanda aka ji daga arewa, yana nufin mutuwa, a gefe guda, don wadatarwa.
A Scotland sun yi imani da annabcin cuckoo, shekaru nawa aka bari su rayu.
A Ingila, an yi imanin cewa cuckoo na waka a cikin ruwan sama. Idan ta fyaɗa a kan bushiyar bishiyar busasshiyar itace, jira ta mutu.
A Faransa, shekaru 300 da suka gabata, an yi imani: lokacin da kuka ji karar, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar ƙasa daga ƙarƙashin ƙafarku ta dama ku watsa ta a cikin gidan: babu ƙararra.
A Belgium, don kawar da kowace irin cuta, ya zama dole, da jin cunkoso, hau kan ƙasa.
Da zaran kun ji cuckoo a karon farko a wannan shekara. Dole ne ku yi murna, ku sami kuɗi a aljihun ku kuma ringi tare da tsabar kudi ko makullin - to duk shekara za ku yi farin ciki da kuɗin. Wannan imani ya yadu ko'ina cikin Turai.
Mutane daban-daban suna da alamu da imani masu yawa waɗanda ke da alaƙa da cuckoo. A cikinsu, kamar yadda muke gani, wannan halin duka biyun ne mara kyau (mummunan lambobi) da tabbatacce (kyawawan lambobi). An yi imani da cewa cuckoo yana da ikon ruhaniya. An gaskata ta kuma ta ji tsoro a matsayin annabiya. "Rashin gida", duk da haka, mutane sun tabbatar da Kukushkino ta wurin yawan aikinta (ta yi aiki a hutu), ta nuna jinƙai game da hukuncin Allah game da wannan. Dangane da shahararrun imanin, tsuntsaye ne kawai ke ɗaukar fansa akan cuckoo kuma suna doke shi don dasa ƙwai.
1.3. Misalai game da cuckoo
Misalai - ɗakunan ajiya na hikima. Suna nuna tsinkaye tsinkaye da ɗabi'a na mutanen da ke kewaye da rayuwar duniya da rayuwar ɗan adam, sun nuna kimanta hali, dangantakar ɗan adam, dokokin da ba su dace ba.
A majalisa na yau da kullun, ana iya rarrabe karin magana game da kungiyoyi iri-iri. Za'a iya yin la'akari da karin magana a kalandar: "Cuckoo zai fara cuckolder - ba zai sake ganin sanyi ba." Wannan karin magana kamar alama ce.
Akwai karin magana game da yadda ake nuna godiya ga kasar baki daya saboda “muryarta”, wani waƙoƙi:
A cikin gandun daji, cuckoo, kuma a cikin bukka a kera mai fashewa.
Kuna iya jin 'yar ku a cikin bukka, kamar kuki a cikin lambu.
An bayyana abota da haɗin kai a cikin karin magana a cikin harshen Armenia cewa: "Cuckoo ɗaya baya yin bazara."
A kowane lokaci, ana godiya da gwaninta da ƙwararru, an ɗaukaka masu sana'a. Karin magana ta ce: "Cuckoo ba shaho ba ne, amma rashin sani ba shi bane." Ya la'anci mutane ba da magana, ba da lokacin kashewa:
Don cuckoo (magana mara amfani) sun buga saman kai.
Cuckoo tayi kuka cewa ta ba 'ya'yan ga mutane.
Ba za ku iya zama kaji a kan ƙuƙwalwar ƙwai ba.
Hankalin mai rikitarwa na mutane game da cuckoo ya bayyana a fili cikin karin magana da suka shafi taken gida, mahaifar mahaifarta. Misalai sun ce game da asarar ƙasar:
Game da cuckoo da cuckoo, cewa babu wani gida.
Cuckoo cuckoo - yi baƙin ciki akan marasa gida. Wadannan karin magana suna bayyana bacin ran mutum wanda, a kowane irin dalili, ya yi nisa da mahaifarsa, bayan da ya rasa mafaka. Amma akwai karin magana a cikin abin da ake la'antawa da tsawatawa ga mummunar dabi'a ga rayuwa:
Ba al'ajibi bane da cockoo ke birgima ta wurin wasu mutane, amma zai zama mu'ujiza, kamar dai ta zo da nata ne.
Kawai sai a cuckoo ta gida ba ta kuka.
Hoton wani mara hankali ya bayyana a karin magana:
Cuckoo cuckoo - baƙin ciki daga rashin gida.
Ba cuckoo ba, amma matar da ke baƙin ciki.
Karin magana ta hikima takan taimaka wajen kimanta ayyukanka da ayyukanka.
Kamar cuckoo mai tashi sama akan sauran mazaunan.
Kurdawa da cuckoo iri ɗaya ne, amma sautinsu daban.
Cuckoo yana bugun daddare (suruka) da surukarta. Aikin macen da ta haifi ɗa ba daga kanta ba, amma daga baƙon miji ya cancanci la'anar duniya baki ɗaya. Irin wannan yaro ana kiran shi ƙwai cuckoo. "Cuckoo kwai" kyauta ce ta darajar ma'ana.
Tun ƙarni da yawa, karin magana ta zama jagora ga aiki ga talakawa, ya yi rayuwa bisa ga ka'idodinsu:
Idan kana rayuwa irin ta masar ruwa, ba za ka sami tabar wiwi ba.
Misalai bawai kawai tasaka ce ta hikimar mutane ba, har ma wani misali ne na kwatancen magana ta mutane.
Babbar hanyar gani da bayyana hanyar ayyukan baka ce ta daidaituwa. Wannan dabara tana taimakawa mai karatu na zamani don fahimtar tushen tushen arna game da tsarin duniya na tsohuwar Slav. Misali: “Cuckoo don farin ciki a cikin gandun daji, yaro don murna cikin gida.” Maganar mabuɗin "murna" ta nuna hali ga wannan tsuntsu: maraba ce, ita ce madaidaiciyar harbi da ake jira ta bazara. Fitowar cuckoo tana da alaƙa tare da bayyanar abu mafi mahimmanci wanda ya kamata ya kasance cikin dangi - yaro! Cuckoo - alama ce ta sabuntar rayuwa. Waƙar da take yi tana ba da sha'awa, farfado da gandun daji, ɗan yana ƙawata rayuwa, yana ba ta ma'ana, kuma matsaloli, da fatan gida, dangi suna da alaƙa da shi.
Wata hanya kuma da aka fi amfani da ita wajen nuna kwarewar iya magana a aikace. Misali: "Kuna zaune garin cuckoo: babu gungumen azaba, babu yadi, ba miji, ba dangi." A tabbataccen jumla ta sirri tare da kwatankwacin suna ta hanyar lafazin entalarfe acquarfe ta sami yanayin adreshin kuma yana nuna ƙayyadaddun halayen halaye da salon rayuwa. Homogeneous mambobi ne na shawara sun nuna dalilin la'antar: mutum dole ne ya mallaki gidansa, iyalinsa, renon yara. Mashahurin la'anar cuckoo don halayyar sa a dabi'a, wanda baya yin shimfida kuma baya kyankyashe ƙwayayensa, an canza shi zuwa rayuwar mutumin da zai iya tafiya cikin rayuwa cikin sauƙi, ba danginsa su dame shi ba. Wannan karin magana tana dauke da ma’anoni.
Don haka, za mu ga cewa ana fassara ma'anar hoton cuckoo a cikin karin magana. Wasu suna jaddada asali da kuma alfanun musamman na cuckoo, yayin da wasu ke ba da kimantawa game da halayenta. Waɗannan karin magana suna da koyarwa.
1.4. Bikin baftisma da binnewa na cuckoo
Abubuwan da muka yi imani da su na d draw a suna jawo ruhin ɗan Adam a cikin irin nau'in cuckoo. Al'adar al'ajabin baftisma ta cuckoo ba kadan yana ba da haske akan wannan hoton. Yawancin lokaci yana faruwa a mako na Semitsky, lokacin da ake tunawa da matattu. A kudu da yamma na Rasha har zuwa 60s na karni (kuma a wasu wurare har yanzu) bikin "jana'izar cuckoo" yaɗu. An haɗa shi cikin sake zagayowar ranakun kalandar bazara-lokacin bazara kuma yawanci ana haɗuwa da Ascension, Trinity, Ruhu ko Petrov days.
Babu shakka wannan hutu wannan asalin na arna ne kuma an riga an yi sahu da Kiristanci a waje. Asalin bikin yana da alaƙa da sabunta mahimman rukunin yanayi: bayan mutuwa lokacin hunturu, farfadowa da nasarar zafi. Sideayan ɗayan aikin shine tasiri kan abubuwan kirkirar halitta, haifar da kyakkyawan girbi. Dangane da ra'ayoyin tsohuwar Slavs, allahn rayuwa ya juye ya zama kuki.
Baptismar cuckoo ya faru kamar haka. A karkashin Hawan Yesu zuwa sama, villagean matan ƙauyuka da budurwa, a asirce daga maza, suna hallara a ɗayan bukkoki don ɗora takalmin cuckoo: sundress, shirt, da wuya. Ana yin bikin bikin wata tsohuwar matar da mijinta ya mutu - alama ce. A safiyar ranar bikin, membobin Kstin masu sutura sun tashi zuwa daji. A can, a tsakiyar ciyawar kore, suna neman hawaye ciyawar ciyawa (wannan tsire-tsire na botanists suna kira orchis, nasa ne ga iyalin orchid). Sun haƙa wata biyu na mai tushe tare da tushe, tabbatar cewa kowace shuka mai tsage tana da tushe mai kyau, saannan thean matan sun nannade mai karen ribbons kuma an yi musu suttura da kyawawan kayayyaki. Dangane da labari, da zarar an yi ado kamar ainihin cuckoo. Tana sanye da fararen kaya, kuma ya kamata sundress da shawl su yi duhu, saboda an san wannan tsuntsu bazawara - "bata sami miji ba." An yi wa ciyawa kyau sosai.
Lokacin da aka gama zagayowar, 'yan matan sun zazzage rassan birai ko hazel, sun karkatar da su a cikin shimfiɗar jariri, suka jefa wani mayafi a wurin, suka jingina da “cuckoo”, sun rataye da giciye A lokacin ne nuna kauna. Mahalarta sun kasu kashi-biyu, a madadinsu suna tsayayya da juna sama da rassan da ke hade, sun dauke kayan aikin hannu tare da koko, suka sumbaci wanda suka zaɓa har sau uku, a kowane lokaci yana canza wurare. Kumas sun yi musayar zane, zobba ko giciye jikin, suna tallafawa waƙar rawar gama gari gama gari:
Cuckoo, Dove, Grey Cuckoo,
Ku zo tare da ke, budurwa, bari dai mu sami nishaɗi!
Kai ne tsegumi - Nine masoyin ka.
An ɗauki matan da ke tattare da ita ba su zama iyali ba ƙasa da shekara guda, ko ma rayuwarsu. Da maraice, aka binne cuckoo. Sun tona wani rami a kusurwar dajin da yake cike da ita, sun cika shi da sabon shreds da ribbons, suka sanya "cuckoo" a can suka rufe duniya. A lokaci guda, mawaƙin ya yi waka:
Barka dai-dafe cuckoo
Barka dai, ban kwana, makwanci
Zuwa sabuwa ga garuruwa, zuwa ja zuwa wayewar gari, ga sabon zuwa ciyawa.
Kwana goma bayan haka, kashi na biyu na bikin ya faru: matan karkara sun taru a cikin daji don "tayar da cuckoo". Sun tsince dabba daga ƙasa, suka dasa ta a kan rassan, suka rera waƙoƙi masu zuwa:
Cuckoo-grouse, kadan tsuntsu yana kuka,
Guguwar ruwa ta zo mana, damuna ta yi ja,
Ta kawo mana hatsi ...
Kalmar "bazara" a nan tana nufin "dumi." A zamanin da, an raba shekara zuwa hunturu da bazara, ba a san yanayi mai zuwa ba. Spring, Ta haka ne, mika wa mafi sanyi. A waƙar wannan waƙoƙin, kums sun ba juna haɗi tare da kwayoyi, beads, waɗanda suka sayi wani abu, kuma suka yi musayar saƙa. Nan da nan kuwa aka shirya liyafa, nan da nan aka gayyaci maza. Mixed zagaye raye-raye kora tun tsakiyar dare. Janar fun kamata ya yi tasirin haihuwar kyakkyawan girbi.
Bayan bikin, a wasu wuraren an bar “cuckoo” akan rassan, yayin da a wasu suka kawo ciyawa zuwa ƙauyen. Anyi amfani da hawaye Cuckoo don dalilai na sihiri. Don kafa alaƙa tsakanin ma'aurata. Matar ta bukaci ta bawa mijinta shayar da wannan jiko. Wannan imani ya samo asali ne daga ra'ayin cewa tushen tsiron ya ninka miji (baƙi) da kuma mata (fari).
Wani muhimmin fasalin wannan biki shi ne duba yadda kananan matan suka kasance a farkon shekarar aure. A tushen wata shuka mashin dabbar da aka tono, sai suka yi mamakin filin nan gaba na ɗan fari, suka sha wani abin ado na wannan tushen, suna cewa: "Cuckoo, ka ba ni 'yata." Yawancin masu bincike sun yi imani da cewa al'adar ta dogara da wasu tsoffin wakilcin Slav. A cikin sifar cuckoo, sun ga ɗayan tsohuwar halittar allahntaka mace, wadda take ba da matan da suka juyo gare shi da amintattun 'ya'yan da ba a haifa ba.
Aikin cuckoo yana da tabbaci a cikin sanannen sanannen: yana kawo dumi, yana yanke sharuɗan kalanda da ayyukan gida, yana taimakawa wajen kafawa da ƙarfafa farin ciki na iyali. Cuckoo alama ce ta canji mai farin ciki. Cuckoo alama ce ta kyakkyawa da bege.
"Symbol" kalma ce ta Girka. Wannan alama ce, alama ce, baƙon samaniya. Ana fahimtar alamar alama a cikin ma'anar sararin kalmar kamar kowane alama wacce ke da ma'anar yanayin. Duk tsohuwar duniyar arna ta girmama alamu, kuma a rayuwa sun taka babbar rawa. Alamomin Kiristocin Tsakiyar Kiristocin suna kuma alamomin al'ada da asirin ma'anar da ke ɓoye a cikinsu.
Tare da karɓar Kiristanci, alamu ne na alama na Kiristoci game da ƙasa, dabbobi da tsuntsaye kamar yadda aka canja halittun Allah zuwa Rasha. Kuma waɗannan dabarun an sami su sosai, har ma da haɓaka.
2. Hoton cuckoo a almara
Hoton cuckoo, ko kuma nau'ikan sa guda uku, an kirkireshi ne a cikin tatsuniyoyin gargaji, cuckoo mace ce mai kaɗaici, cuckoo-mallaki, cuckoo ita ce mahaifiyar da ba ta da da'a.
Akwai tatsuniyoyi da al'adu da yawa waɗanda ke ba da labarin dalilin da ya sa cuckoo ya kasance shi kaɗai. Wani babban connoisseur na shayari na Rasha, F.I. Buslaev, ya rubuta game da "ƙirar al'adun Slavic game da juya mata matalauta zuwa cuckoos." Dalilin waɗannan almara suna nunawa a cikin mafi kyawun tarihi na tsoffin wallafe-wallafen Rasha, "Maganar Yakin Igor," a cikin taron "Kukan Yaroslavna." Wannan aikin ya faɗi game da kamfen a cikin 1185 na Novgorod-Seversky Prince Igor Svyatoslavich a kan Polovtsy. A cikin haduwa ta farko tare da abokan gaba, Igor yayi nasara, amma a yaƙin na biyu an ci shi da kama shi. A gida, matar Yaroslavna tana jiran dawowarsa, wanda marubucin ya gwada da cuckoo:
Kamar cuckoo a farkon bazara.
Yaroslavna ya kira saurayi
A bango birni mai birgewa ne.
Bayan tashi zuwa wani wuri mai tsayi, "Yaroslavna, cike da bakin ciki, kamar cuckoo, kira ga Jura", ya magance abubuwan halitta, ya raba su da bacin rai tare da su, ya nemi "ceta mai kaunar mijinta a can nesa".
Cuckoo - tsuntsu mai tsalle, a nan Yaroslavna yayi kuka, ya la'anci:
- Na juya, talakawa cuckoo,
Zan tashi tare da Kogin Danube ...
Kuma da safe raunuka na jini ...
Babu hatsari cewa al'adar “kuka da cuckoo” ta rayu har zuwa yau, lokacin da matan da ke neman rabuwa suka bar daji don raba masifa tare da cuckoo, kuma cuckoo ya tashi a matsayin manzo kuma ya wuce zuwa ga masoyi "fret."
"Magana ..." tana da tushe sosai a cikin al'adun mutane, tare da sanannen duniya game da duniya.
A cikin almara, an kiyaye al'adun mutane a hankali.
Mawaƙa game da cuckoo suna rubutu daban, suna bayyana halayen su. An gabatar da hoton wata mata mai son cuckoo - ta mai haske mai haske a cikin ayoyin mawaƙan ƙasar Rasha, alal misali:
Kamar babban dillali mai siye
Zai gaya wa duk wanda bai yi nadama ba
Yawancin cones suke a kan itacen pine
Shekararmu nawa da kai. (Tatyana Lavrova da "The Cuckoo").
Kamar ba da gangan.
'Yan matan suna da cuckoo
An dauke shi annabi. (Tatyana Nikolaeva “The Cuckoo”).
Har yanzu, cuckoo ya fara dafa shi,
Ya rasa ƙidaya kuma ya sake farawa.
Kwanciya yayi yana dariya alamar alamar data wuce
Zana daga pines mai zurfi guduro. (Konstantin Vanshenkin "The Cuckoo").
Ka sa ni dan kadan
Hanyoyin haɗi don duk bazara
Don har yanzu a kan jikokin jikoki
Aƙalla daga kusurwar idonka ka kalle shi! (Sergey Cheprov "Nishaɗin" rainin hankali "ya tashi ...").
Loveauna ga nativean asalin ƙasar an buga shi ta hanyar waƙar S. Cheprov “Cuckoo”. Taron da ba zato ba tsammani tare da tsuntsu “Na ji cuckoo. Na yi tsammani yana narkewa a cikin kunne na ... ”, mawaƙin ya yi murna:“ ... wannan waƙar ya sake kirana tun suna yara. ” Yana jin daɗin waƙar 'mai ban dariya sosai, kyakkyawa mai kyau', mawaƙin 'ya manta ƙidaya shekaru', bai jira annabci ba, amma ya ji daɗin haɗuwa da tsuntsu. Jigon "mai haske" "ku-ku" yana nuna halayyar marubucin ga wannan tsuntsu, yana jaddada kyawawan halaye, ladabi da ladabi a gare shi. Har ila yau, lafin ɗin yana taimakawa wajen kafa kanta cikin wannan tunanin: “theanƙara” mai haske, ta ƙasar Rashanci mai kyau! ” Kalmomin lafazi suna isar da himma, kauna ga ƙasar mahaifiya. Cuckoo ya zama alama ce ta katako, alherin kore.
A wata waka ("Abin ban dariya" cuckoo "ya tashi ...) S. Cheprov ya yi amfani da tambarin" mai ban dariya "saboda yana tsammanin kyawawan annabce-annabce ne kawai daga cuckoo, kodayake ya san cewa mutane suna da halaye daban-daban game da ita:
Kuna ta fama da ƙarni da yawa.
Wanda ke cikin fushi da wanda ke fahariya.
Kai tsaye ga tsuntsu yana nuna sha'awar ruhaniya:
Shekarun nawa suka rage min
Cuckoo, zuma, kace dashi.
Mawaƙin ya fahimci abin da yake da, “Na riga na rayu da yawa,” amma yana son ya ƙara rayuwa ("ci da yawa a gare ni"), yana amfani da wasu lafuzza marasa ma'ana (“groves”) a matsayin hanyar nuna ƙaunarsa ga ƙasar Inland.
Tatyana Nikolaeva ita ma ta yarda da tsuntsun annabiya:
Lokacin da birches ke kuka don ruwan 'ya'yan itace
Mun yi imanin cewa kuckoo zai haifar da haihuwa ba da gangan ba.
An yi amfani da kalmar "ba da gangan ba" a cikin wakarta "Cuckoo" sau biyu: ba akan manufa ba, ba musamman ga kowa da kowa ba. Tana aiki tare da kasuwancinta, amma ra'ayin ta a matsayin mai wadatarwa shine aka kafa tun a tarihi. Mawaƙa "Cuckoo" wanda Tatyana Petrovna Nikolaeva ke faɗi cewa, kuna yanke hukunci ta hanyar "imani," camfin Buddha ", wannan tsuntsu" rakiyar rayukan matattun ne zuwa ga lahira "(wannan shine" makomarta "," kyautar cuckoo ").
Gaskiyar cewa cuckoo na tunatar da mutane asara, na wadanda suka mutu (“Ko kuma wa suka tuna da asarar”) ya bayyana a cikin waka ta anan littafin Afanasievich Fet “The Cuckoo”: “Zuciya. "So dukkan abin da ya rayu har abada." Amma ba waƙar cuckoo kawai ke tunatar da mutum game da rayuwar da ta gabata ba, imani a nan gaba, “ɓacin rai mai ɓacin rai” shi ma yana da alaƙa da shi. Me cuckoo zai iya tsammani?
Kuma sau uku
A sarari da duhu: cuckoo.
Jigon “cuckoo na zinari” yana nuna kyawun halayen marubucin ga tsuntsu, wanda ya dauki hakan shima hadarin bazara, alama ce ta sake haihuwa.
Kuma waƙar Elena Aleksandrovna Blaginina "Cuckoo" tayi kama da waƙoƙin jama'a. Refrain, kamar mawaƙa a cikin waƙa, sauti “cuckoo” sau uku. Gamsar da kai tsaye - a ƙarshen waƙar “ku-ku” ninki biyu - ya dace da haske, yanayi mai kyau:
A cikin wannan waƙar, marubucin ya ɗaukaka yanayin asalinsa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ake amfani da kalmomi masu ƙarancin maimaitawa: "rana", "layin kamun kifi", "tar", "iska", "itacen Kirsimeti". An jadadda kwantar da hankula a kan sauki da kuma rashin ruhun asalin halitta: "ranar mara nauyi," "muryar bakin ciki," "rani yana natsuwa cikin natsuwa," "yana jin ƙamshi kamar ƙurayen da aka ɗora." Komai yana da matukar kyau ga zuciya, sabili da haka "muryar makoki" na cuckoo da alama "cute cuckoo." Cuckoo kanta, "mai sauƙin-zuciya", buɗe, "sake sokewa", "tana tafiya ko'ina cikin layin kamun kifi" "tun safe har yamma" "kusa, nesa," cikin sauri don gargaɗin cewa "lokacin rani yana huɗuwa."
Mai karatu ya fahimci haske har ma da waƙar Tatyana Lavrova “Cuckoo”. Layi na farko yana taimakawa matuka cikin yanayin bazara, ciyayi, rarrabuwawar tsuntsu: "Yayi kyau a dajin bazara." Kalmomin nau'in matsayin “kyakkyawa”, “ƙanshin rai” da “a hankali” suna taimaka ba wai kawai ganin gandun daji, ƙanshin shi ba, har ma don jin rayuwarsa. Ckungiyar kula da gandun daji ta hanyar jagorancin fusck cuckoo: "tashi cikin ciki da sauri ya sauka zuwa kasuwanci." Muhimmancin wannan tsuntsu a cikin gandun daji ya fito sarari:
Ina son sanin ta sosai
Duk abin da ke cikin gandun daji ya fara kirgawa.
Cuckoo abin tambaya ne, don haka ita 'yar kasuwa ce mai kyau. " Marubucin yayi amfani da wata dabara mai amfani, wanda ke nuna ɓarnar ɓoyayyiya kuma ya faɗi tarihin labarin “babban” mai ba da labari:
Yawancin cones suke a kan itacen pine
Shekararmu nawa da kai.
Ba shi da mahimmanci nawa cones suke a itacen bishiyar, yana da mahimmanci "shekara nawa ku da ni," kuma bai kamata ku yarda da "tsinkaya" na cuckoo ba. Amma halayyar mawaƙin ga tsuntsu kyakkyawa ne, mai hankali, mai girmamawa, tunda gwarzo ne ba kawai yana jin kansa da hargitsi ba, har ma yana sa wasu su saurara ta hanyar roƙo kai tsaye, tambayar da aka yi game da magana: "Shin ka ji?"
"Brave Boy", gwarzo na waka "Cuckoo" wanda Konstantin Vanshenkin yayi, "ya ji tsoro" lokacin da cuckoo tayi shiru ba amsa "a farko" ga tambayar da aka yi: "Har yaushe zan zauna a cikin duniya?" Saida cuckoo ya kwasheta cike da damuwa, dan ya 'bata k'atuwa' sannan ya fara dariya "alamar daga baya." Tsoro ya watse:
Kuma yi tafiya a cikin ƙasa yini marar iyaka
Kuma ya kasance, kamar yadda yake a makaranta, la'akari da shi ma mara hankali ne.
Kamar yadda kake gani, a cikin wannan waka hoton cuckoo yana da haske. Memoirs game da ƙuruciya suna da alaƙa da ita; tana ɗaukar halayen wannan tsuntsu akan mai mallaka.
Mawakiyar Ingila mawaki William Wordsworth a cikin waƙa “Cuckoo” ya kira wannan tsuntsu “bako na gandun daji”, “tatsuniya”:
Oh wanene kai? - tsuntsu, il fanko
Murya kawai daga sama?
Ku ba tsuntsu ba ne a gare ni: a'a, kun zama ruhu,
Magana, tatsuniya kaɗai.
Waƙar wannan tsuntsu tana ga alama gwarzo kamar "nishi mai sauti biyu." Me cuckoo ke nishi? Asirin da aka lullube tsuntsun alama alama ce kyakkyawa.A ƙarƙashin waɗannan "moans" jerin "kwanakin da suka gabata" suka fito. Amma gwarzo mai farin jini yana jin daɗin waƙar cuckoo: "Na yi farin cikin jin kukan ku a cikin gandun daji," "Na ji muryarku da murna." Tana kawo farin ciki:
Kuma sake duniya alama a gare ni
Wani irin masarauta mai kama da mafarki.
Amma ba duka mawaƙa cuckoo ya kawo farin ciki tare da waƙar sa ba. A cikin waka "The Cuckoo da Nightingale" na 1825, Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin ya gwada "mawaƙa" guda biyu na "daren marasi". Isayan shine "mawaƙi mai ban sha'awa iri-iri" - ɗayan dare, ɗayan - "kuki ɗaya tana maimaita nasu." A cewar marubucin, cuckoo ba zai iya tsayar da kishi ba tare da tsalle-tsalle, amma ta amsa waka tana cewa: "kararrawa a bayanta iri daya ce!" Halin mara kyau ga cuckoo yana jaddada jigon epithets "wawa" da "son kai." Kalmar “girman kai” har ma ta haifar da wani abin mamaki tsakanin mai karatu: cuckoo, saboda yana ƙalubalantar jinginar da kanta. Waƙar sa ta bazara ta sami marmarin marubucin. Pushkin ya ce: "Bana son yanayin bazara, hanyoyin jini, ji na, hankalina ya gushe saboda sha'awar," in ji Pushkin. . Kuma a nan cuckoo "ya maimaita nasa":
Akalla gudu. Ya Allah Ka fanshe mu.
Daga elegiac cuckoo!
Me zai 'gudu' daga? Daga sha'awar? Tunani? Ko wataƙila daga annabcin cuckoo?
Aikin, wanda ke alaƙa da cuckoo a matsayin mummunar uwa, labari ne na Samuel Yakovlevich Marshak "Cuckoo."
Jaruma mai saurin shiga cikin tattaunawa tare da cuckoo, ganin "sanarwar da aka bayar a bayyane" cewa "tana baiwa danta mai nagarta". "Matsayi" tana la'akari da "dangi" "karfi, skate, urticaria, zoryanka." Akwai kuma adireshin dawowar "uwa": "Kurmi, gefen gandun daji, itace na sha biyar."
An sani cewa cuckoo ba tsuntsu mai haske bane kwata-kwata, rake mai saukin yanayi, kawai shine mai motley. A Marshak, tana “wayo”, wanda ke nufin mai haske. Yana jaddada karbancinta, harma da gulma. Jaruma mai saurin tambaya ta ce:
Ku ne uwa karami
Me ya sa kika ba ɗanku?
Ko akwai tracksan waƙa da suka rage a cikin daji?
Cike da ƙarfi, lafiya, kuma me ya sa, mahaɗa take cikin damuwa, tana ba da yarinyar cikin hannun da ba ta dace ba? Kuma ya karɓi amsa ta kai tsaye, mara kunya: “Ina so in rayu. yara, matasa, ka hana mu zama a duniya. " Cuckoo ya san darajarta: "Ni mai farin ciki ne, kyakkyawa, saurayi, ina son 'yanci." Ta yarda cewa ba ta yin sheƙ ba, ba tare da yara ba za ta rayu "ta kowane irin kara." Tana zaune ba tare da ɗaukar nauyin kanta ba tare da ɗaure kowane sharaɗi, kuma ga 'ya'yanta "sakamakon haɗari ne na haɗari". Ta katse tattaunawar (“a ɗan ɗanɗana a kaina”) da sauri ta sadu da “abokin marasa gida”.
Dabi'u na tatsuniya an gina su ne akan maganin ta:
Ina son sauraron cuckoos a cikin bazara ...
Muryoyinsu suna sauti mai saukin kai, mai ƙarfi ...
Duk da haka, na ji tausayi ga cuckoo!
A cikin wannan tatsuniya, S.Ya. Marshak ya la'anci matan da suka bar yaransu. Cuckoo hoto ne mara kyau.
Don fahimtar hoton cuckoo a cikin almara, mun bincika ayyukan nau'ikan nau'ikan halittu. Mawaƙa da marubuta suna kula da cuckoo daban. A cikin 82% na ayyukan da aka gabatar a cikin aikin, hoton cuckoo tabbatacce ne. Ana daukar ta azaman bazara, wakokinta suna haifar da marubuta mara hankali ga rayuwar yara, game da mahaifarta, tana ba da kyakkyawar ji ga duk wanda ya ji ta “cuckoo”. Tunaninta na yar annabiya da kuma 'farka' tana da alaƙa da al'adun mutane.
A cikin 18% na ayyukan da aka bincika a cikin aikin, hoton cuckoo ba shi da kyau. Wannan tsinkaye da haɓakar hoton yana da ma'ana a cikin yanayi, yana komawa zuwa asalin tatsuniyar ƙasa, sakamakon sakamako ne na ƙarancin masaniyar rayuwar cuckoo.
A gare mu masu karatu, almara ya zama tushen ilimi. Tana rike da tsohuwar kwarewar rayuwar mutum. Wannan yana nuna cewa tatsuniyoyi da almara almara sune ke fahimtar mai karatu game da cuckoo da halayyar sa.
3. Me muka sani game da cuckoo
Me muka sani game da rayuwar wannan tsuntsu?
Ba shi da sauƙi ga mazaunin birni su sadu da cuckoo. Garinmu karami ne, wanda yake kusa da Kogin Belaya, wanda gidajen kewayen kewaye suke kewaye da shi, don haka kowa ya ji muryar cuckoo, amma kaɗan ne suka gani. Kusan kashi 36 cikin dari na yaran da aka tambaya sun iya bayar da wani bayani game da wannan tsuntsu: "launin toka", "bayyananne", "kasa da arba'in, amma mafi girma daga tauraro", "tana tashi kamar helikafta." Bayanai basuda arziki.
Ga tambayar "Menene ayyukan da kuka sani, kun karanta game da cuckoo?", 40% na masu ba da amsa sun ba da amsa mai kyau: wani ya tuna (ƙaramin samari) yana ƙidaya "Cuckoo ya wuce daji ...", kuma abokan karatunsa sun san I. Krylov's tatsuniyar "Cuckoo da kuma zakara. " Guda biyu kawai. Mun yi mamakin yadda da wahala manyan mutane su amsa wannan tambayar.
Ga tambayar "Menene musamman game da halin wannan tsuntsu?" duk sun ce kawai ta sanya kwairta a cikin wasu gidajen mutane, amma me yasa ta yi hakan, ba wanda ya amsa.
Ga tambayar "Yaya kuke tunani, kuma me yasa wannan shine hanyar da mutane suke da alaƙa da cuckoo?" ya amsa daban. Yawancin sun yi imanin cewa mutane suna raina cuckoo saboda mummunar mahaifiya ce, 20% na masu amsa suna tunanin cewa mutane suna tsoron tsinkayar cuckoo kuma sun yi imani da alamun mutane, kawai 8% suna tunanin cewa mutane suna kiyaye cuckoo, kamar kowane tsuntsu, 24% suna da wahala ba da amsar tambaya. "Wane rukuni na mutane kuke tallafawa da kanku?" - Amsoshi: "Na raina, kamar kowa" - 36%, "Ina jin tsoron tsinkaya" - 12%, "Ina jin tausayi" - 52%. Ga tambayar "Kuna da wasu ji game da wannan tsuntsu?" Kashi 72% daga cikin waɗanda suka amsa sun ba da amsa mara kyau, kuma 28% sun nuna tausayi ga tsuntsu cewa wannan ƙaura ce, wanda ke nuna cewa yana da matsaloli na tafiya mai nisa, dole ne ya kasance da wuya. Sun tausaya wa gaskiyar cewa yanayin muhalli yana lalacewa, kuma dole ne cuckoo ya tsira ta hanyarsa.
Tambaya, sadarwa tare da yara da manya, munyi mamakin cewa mutane suna da bayanai marasa kyau (idan gaskiya ne, mai ƙima ne!) Bayanai game da rayuwar cuckoo. Yana da matukar wahala a gan ta, amma idan kusan duk wanda muka yi hira da shi ya ji wakarsa, to, yana zaune kusa da mu. Tambayar ta banbanta: ta yaya mutum ba zai iya sha'awar rayuwar tsuntsu da ke zaune a yankinmu ba? Shin rashin hankalinmu ya hana mu rayuwa? Yawancin karin magana, almara, imani, suna ɗaukar shi, amma mutane da yawa ba su san su ba. Me yasa mutane ba su da ɗan sani game da cuckoo, kuma har ma a zamanin kwamfutarmu, mutane da yawa suna ci gaba da yin imani da annabta?
4. Cuckoo na gama gari
Cuckoo karamin tsuntsu ne, dan kadan fiye da tattabara (tsayin jiki 40 cm, nauyi kusan 100 g), yana yaduwa a cikin Tarayyar Rasha kuma ana samun ta cikin wurare da yawa, galibi inda yawancin songbirds (passerines) yake.
Ana samun sauƙin kasancewar cuckoo ta hanyar waƙar halayen maza - kururuwa, wanda ake ji a lokacin bazara a cikin gandun daji, a cikin dazuzzukan koguna da tafkuna, da kuma a cikin wuraren shakatawa da kuma lambuna a kusa da ƙauyukan.
Dafa abinci yakan fara ne a watan Mayu-Yuni kuma ya tsaya a ƙarshen rabin lokacin bazara. Ana jinsa sau da yawa a safiya da maraice, amma kuma yana sauti da rana da dare. Maza ne kawai ke dafa. Tare da halayyar “cuckoo”, suna kira ga mata waɗanda suka amsa wannan kiran da babbar murya, masu kama da “clian tsana”.
Yawancin lokaci cuckoos baya gina gida. Bayan balaga, matan a lokacin bazara suna sanya ƙwai 10 zuwa 20, kuma a wasu lokuta na lokaci (daga kwana biyu zuwa uku) kuma jefa su cikin sauran mazaunan, kowannensu. Abin sha'awa, cikin launi, girma da sihiri, kwai cuckoo tana da alaƙa da kwai na tsuntsu wanda mahaifinta yake jefa ta. A Kudancin Primorye, cuckoos suna sanya ƙoshinsu a cikin ciyawar ƙoshin oatmeal, a cikin Northern Primorye - a cikin nests na farin-kudade kudade, a cikin tsaunuka na Transbaikalia - a cikin inuwar dutsen steppe, a cikin gandun daji-steppe na Yammacin Siber - a cikin gida na filayen shinge, a cikin gandun daji yankin na Siber-ja ko gange, kuma a cikin Siberian daji-tundra - zuwa cikin gida na oatmeal crumbs, a cikin gandun daji yankin na Turai ɓangare na Rasha - cikin nests na lambu warbler ko talakawa redstart, kuma a cikin duwatsun Caucasus - zuwa cikin nests na blackstart, da dai sauransu. Kimanin nau'ikan tsuntsayen 150 an san su waɗanda suka zama iyayen masu koyo daga cuckoo. Eggyanta suna nauyin gram 3 kawai kuma yana buƙatar shiryawa kawai kwanaki 12. An yi imani, amma ba a san tabbas cewa cuckoo ya dauko gida ba, wanda yayi kama da wanda ya tsinta kansa. Musamman a nau'ikan reno na iyaye don kajin na gaba an bayyana shi a cikin gaskiyar cewa cuckoos na uwa ɗaya suna sa ƙwai ɗaya launi da girman guda, wato, suna ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar ainihin kwafin ƙwai na masu gida. Mace na kowace ƙwararrun halittar halittar (wacce ake kira ta hanyar gado) suna ba da ƙwayoyin chromosome daga tsara zuwa tsara zuwa ga zuriyarsu mata. Don haka, kwayoyin halittar dake daukar nauyin launi da girman kwai suna dauke da mahaifiyar 'yar ne kawai kuma sakamakon zabin yanayi ne. Maza sun dace da wakilan kowane layi, don haka suna riƙe da haɗin kan jinsin. Bugu da kari, 'Ya'yan zuriya maza biyu na cuckoo yawanci suna tuna da bayyanar iyayensu masu tallata su kuma galibi sukan dawo bazara mai zuwa yankin da suka girma.
Kowane cuckoo yana da takamaiman yankin da yake kiwo, yana neman sauran mazaunan. Namiji tare da cuckoo ya gargadi wasu cuckoos cewa shafin yana kan aiki. Bugu da kari, yana taimaka wa mace ta nemi wurin da ta dace don jefa kwai, yawo a kan yanar gizon kuma ya tsoratar da kananan tsuntsaye. A wasu halaye, tsuntsayen kan ɗauke shi zuwa shaho kuma suka yi gudu, suna ba da inda suke. A wasu halayen, sun koya don bambance cuckoo daga shaho, suna tattara cikin garkuna kuma suna kai farmaki ga namiji sosai, suna ƙoƙarin korar shi har ya yiwu. A cikin abubuwan biyu, sakamakon gurɓataccen abu yana jan hankalin waɗansu tsuntsayen mazaunan daga mazaunan su kuma ya sa ya yiwu ga mata ƙwaryar su kusanto ta hanyar sa kwai. Yawancin lokaci tana sanya shi a cikin gida tare da clutches cikakke. A lokaci guda, kullun yakan jefa ɗayan ƙwai na rundunar a cikin gida. Idan gida yana buɗe (alal misali, tare da flaxseed, oatmeal, curl daji), cuckoo yana zaune kai tsaye a cikin gida kuma yana ɗo da kwan. Idan samun damar shiga gida yana da wahala lokacin da yake cikin romo ko rami (alal misali, a kusa da fulawar tarko, redstart, tit), to, kukan ya fara sanya kwai a ƙasa, sannan a cikin beki ya kawo shi ya saka shi a cikin gida.
Fateayan abin da aka jefa shi ya dogara da lokacin bayyanar cikin gida. Idan aka jefa kwan kwai lokacin kwan kwan-kwan-kwan, ƙwanƙwannin nan ƙungiyar za su bar sheka ko kuma su watsar da ƙasan baƙon da ya bayyana. Idan kwai cuckoo ya shiga gida lokacin da macen ta fara saka kwan kwan, to ba ta lura da kwai kwayar ta bar shi a cikin gida. Bayan kwanaki 12 na shiryawa, sai aka fara cuckoo, sauran kajin sun biyo baya. Koyaya, fata mai laushi na cuckoo tana da matukar damuwa ga kowane irin taɓawa. A cikin kwanaki biyar na farko (kafin bayyanar fitsari a fata), yana da ilhami da zai jefar dashi. A kwasfa na qwai da sauran kajin fara sa baki tare da shi, sai ya yi kokarin 'yantar da kansa daga gare su. Idan kawai kawun da ke kusa da ita yana kusa da cuckoo da snuggles kusa da shi, ƙarshen tare da motsa jiki na musamman yana motsa kajin zuwa bayanta a yankin sacral, inda aka samo fossa zagaye, daga inda yake da wahalar fita. Sannan cuckoo yana motsawa zuwa gefen gida kuma, yana tashi, yana jefa kaji a ƙasa. Don haka ya ɗauki juji ya kwance gida daga abubuwa na ƙasashen waje (kajin da ƙwai). Bayan kwana biyar, cuckoo bashi da muradin zubar da komai, kuma idan daya daga cikin kajin ya sami nasarar tsira daga wannan lokacin, to babu wanda zai taba shi. Amma dama ga sauran yaran da suke rayuwa har yanzu tana da kankanta - gaskiyar ita ce cuckoo ta katse duk abincin da tsuntsayen manya suka kawo, wanda har sauran kajin galibi suna yawan mutuwa saboda yunwa. Hagu, a karshe, shi kadai, ya koma cikakken kulawar iyayen sa, wadanda ba su lura da cewa cuckoo ba kamar kajinsa yake. Da kyar suna da lokacin da zasu ciyar da wata tarkace mai matukar kaifi, suna girma cikin sauri a rana. Gaba ɗaya, cuckoo yakan ciyar da makonni uku a cikin gida, amma, barin gida, yakan tashi da kyau, ya sake tashi daga reshe zuwa reshe. Komawa ko ƙasa da kyau, yana fara tashi ne mako guda bayan tashi daga gida.
Cuckoo wani kyakkyawan tsuntsu ne mai yawan ci. A duk lokacin bazara, yakan lalata masaniyar cutarwa, musamman masu gashi, waɗanda kusan dukkanin ƙananan tsuntsaye ke guje wa. Ana iya cin kwari, baƙar fata. Hakanan an haɗa da berries mai laushi cikin abincin su. Yawan ciki sau da yawa yana lullube shi da gashin kawunan dabbobi wanda ya zama kamar ya cika da ulu. Tare da wannan aikin mai amfani, cuckoo, babu shakka, ya rufe cutar da parasitism ɗin ta kawo a cikin ƙananan tsuntsaye. Yawancin masana kimiyya suna ɗaukarsa ɗayan ɗayan tsuntsayen amfanin gona.
A tsakiyar watan Yuli, cuckoos sun tashi don yin hunturu a wurare masu zafi da Afirka ta kudu, yankuna na Kudancin Larabawa, Indiya, Ceylon, Indochina ko kuma lardunan kudu na China. A ƙarshen Afrilu, farkon Mayu, cuckoos sun koma ƙasarsu. Da farko maza sun iso, a cikin fewan kwanaki mata suka bayyana
Duk da lalacewar da cuckoos ya yi ga zuriyarta da yawa, sunadarai suna ɗaukar tsuntsaye masu amfani, kamar yadda suke lalata yawancin kwari na dasa bishiyoyi. Kari akan haka, suna farantawa mutane da yawan farincikinsu, kamar dai suna jaddada sojan bazara mai zuwa.
Me cuckoo ke kuka? Wataƙila haka ne rayuwarta ta faru: don raira waƙar ƙauna, ta tashi daga Afirka mafi nisa zuwa ƙasarta, don ceton zuriya, tana neman "iyayen" amintattu don yarinyar nan gaba. Ba ta yin gida, don kada ta mutu a dalilin yunwar a cikin ta, saboda namiji ba ya taimaka mata ko ƙyanƙyashe ƙwayaye ko ciyar da kajin. Ita kaɗai ce.
Wataƙila cuckoo yana kukan cewa koguna suna bushewa kuma gandun daji suna ƙonewa, mutane an sare anguwannin itace. Ko wataƙila ta yi kuka daga rashin hankalinmu: cuckoo zai rayu, saboda haka zai rayu. A'a, a'a? Amma me game da gandun daji masu rai ba tare da “cuckoo” na Rasha ba? ” Ya kamata waƙoƙin ta ya kasance tare da ra'ayinmu game da ƙasar Mama.
Hoton cuckoo an yaba shi duka a baka na adabi da kuma almara. Ba za ku iya jimre da jahilcinmu na wannan tsuntsuwar ba. Muna buƙatar tunani game da dalilin da yasa cuckoo ya fara ziyartar mu ƙasa da ƙasa.
Aikin bincike na bayani ne. Aikinmu shi ne jawo hankalin mutane game da asalin asalinsu, kare muhalli, zuwa tarihin al'adun mutane, zuwa ga al'adun asalinsu. Muna ba da shawarar amfani da wannan kayan a kan kallon aji.
1. Bayanov M.G., Mamatov A.F. Tsuntsaye na Urals na Kudancin. - Ufa: Kitap, 2009 .-- 376 p., P. 210
3. Gerasimov V.P. Mulkin dabba na ƙasarmu: Jagora ga malamai fara. azuzuwan. - Na biyu ed., Rev. Kuma ƙara. - M.: Ilimi, 1985 .-- 208 p., Pp. 97-99
4. Wordsworth William. Cuckoo.
5. Lavrova T. Waƙa Cuckoo. http://www.boxter.org/stihi/show.php?id=359
6. Marshak S.Ya. Cuckoo. Yanayi: Mawaƙa na Rasha game da yanayin asalin. - L.: Lenizdat, 1985, 238 p. - (“Laburaren Makaranta”, shafi na 64).
8. Pushkin A.S. Yana aiki a cikin kundin 3. T.1. wakoki. - Ivanovo: Kamfanin Fora. 1995 - 636 p., P. 382
9. Fati R.A. Karin magana. Aiki. Haruffa. - M. Owls. Rasha, 1988 .-- 464 p., P. 143
10. Cheprov. S. Karin magana. hppt: //www.voskres.ru/literature/poetry/cheprov1.htm
15. "Maganar game da rikodin Igor." Per N.A. Zabolotsky. Littattafai. 9 cl. Littafin karatu-mai karatu domin ilimi gaba daya. cibiyoyi. A cikin awanni 2, Kashi na 1 / Ed. V.Ya. Korovina. - 12th ed. - M.: Ilimi, 2006.- 369 p, Pp 29-30
16. Encyclopedia ga yara. Tsuntsaye da dabbobi / Chap. Ed. V.A. Volodin, Ved. Ed. G.E. Vilchek. - M.: Avanta +, 2003 .-- 448 p., P. 120-121
2. Tarihin cuckoo.
4. Cuckoo da furanni cuckoo.
1. Blaginina E. “Cuckoo”.
2. Vanshenkin K. "Cuckoo."
3. Wordsworth W. "Cuckoo."
4. Lavrova T. "Cuckoo."
5. Marshak S. "Cuckoo."
6. Nikolaeva T. "The Cuckoo."
7. Pushkin A. "The Nightingale da Cuckoo".
8. Fet A. "The Cuckoo."
9. Cheprov S. "Cuckoo", "Abin ban dariya" cuckoo "ya tashi ..."
1. Brotheran’uwa da .an’uwa.
Sau ɗaya, ɗan'uwanmu da 'yar'uwa sun zauna tare da shuwagabannin shuɗi. Ba su da iyaye, uwarsu ta ciyar da duniya. A cikin shekara ɗaya aka yi fari fari, ƙasa ta zama ba kowa, babu wani ciyawar ciyawa a bisan. Itatuwan sun fara bushewa, tsuntsayen sun daina rera waka. Sun yi nisa mai nisa inda akwai abincin kajin. Kogunan sun bushe. Duk abin da yake kewaye ya lalace.
'Yar uwata da ɗan'uwana ya zubar da hawaye masu yawa.Amma wa zai taimake su? Thean'uwan ya ce wa 'yar'uwarsa: “Zan tafi neman abinci. Zan dawo maku nan bada jimawa ba. Ka jira ni, 'yar'uwata. " ya tafi, 'yar uwarsa tana jiran lokacin sa, wani, na uku ... Wata daya ya wuce, ya tafi. Lokaci mai yawa ya wuce, koguna da yawa sun gudu - babu ɗan'uwa. Sai 'yar'uwar ta yanke shawarar zuwa neman ɗan'uwanta. Tana tafiya cikin rafi, kwari, ta haye tsaunuka. A ƙarshe, ta zo cikin faɗin, har ma da ƙaura. Yana ganin itace a tsaye. Tana so ta huta a gindin bishiyar, ta matso kusa da itaciyar, kuma gindin jikin mutum yana kwance. Yarinyar ta gane ɗan'uwanta. Ta dade tana baƙin ciki. Hawaye masu zafi suka zubo daga idanuna. Ta yi kuka, tana zaune a gindin wata itaciya. Kuma wani tafki ya kafa daga hawayenta. Ciyawar fure ta kasance kore a gefen gaɓa, furannin fure. Kuma yarinyar daga baƙin ciki da baƙin ciki sun juya zuwa cuckoo. Kuma yanzu tana tashi, tana kuka don ɗan'uwanta, tana gaya wa kowa game da bacin ranta. Tana waka: "Kamar shuka, kamar shuka." Wannan yana nufin: "bonesasa kawai, ba komai."
Saurari hankali ga waƙoƙin cuckoo. Gaskiya ne, tana waka game da wani abin baƙin ciki.
2. Tarihin cuckoo.
Cuckoo yarinya ce. Girlsan matan sun yi wanka a cikin tafkin, sun bar tafkin, kuma sun fara ɗaukar riguna. Yarinya daya zuwa sutarta: ya shiga ciki. Arya,, Manya cikin ƙwallo, yarinyar ba zata iya ɗaukar riganta ba. Me za ki yi? Sannan ya fara ce wa yarinyar: Zan fita idan naku ne, in ba haka ba zan ba ku tufafin ku. Ta yaya zan iya yin aure? Yarinyar tana tsaye kusa da ruwa kuma ta tsaya a can har lokacin ya isa ƙauyen. Sannan ta dauki rigarta daga macijin, sai ta ce a zuciyarta: "Zan aure ki, in aika masu neman wasan."
Ba da daɗewa ba masu ba da wasa sun isa. Ta basu ruwansu. Anyi bikin auren. Mijinta baya ɗaukar mata a gare shi, amma ya ce: "Ku zauna tare da mahaifinku."
Da zarar mijinta ya ce zai tafi wurin da ta yi ruwa. "Zan je, amma idan na daɗe ba zan tafi ba, sai ku je can ku yi ihu:" Ku-ku! Cuckoo! " Zan zo wurinku. Kuma yanzu zan je: lokaci yayi da zan ga iyalina. Ba ku son zama cikin dangi na, amma ni ba ni da wahala in zauna ba tare da iyali ba. ”
Ya tafi. Babu shi tsawon lokaci. Matar ta isa wurin sai ta yi ihu: “Ku-ku! Cuckoo! " Mijinta ya fashe da kuka yayin da ta taru, suka fara rayuwa. Da ya koma wurin danginsa, sai ya umarci matarsa ta jefa shi cikin ruwa idan ya dade yana tafiya. Hakan ya faru ne a karo na uku da zai je ziyartar danginsa. Ya ce wa matarsa: “Yanzu za ku kira ni, za ku zo ku ce:“ Ku-ku! Cuckoo! " Wata kila yanzu ban zo wurinka ba. Idan ban yi iyo ba, zan aika abokina. Idan kana son ganina, ka zauna a kan abokina idan ya zo wurinka, shi kuma ya kai ka wurin dangi na. Ina rokonka: kazo wurina, amma baka son kazo wurina da sauri, baza ka taba zama matar ba kuma bazaka koma wurinka ba: zaku zama tsuntsu. "
Amma ba ta son zuwa miya, wanda mijinta ne, kuma ta zama tsuntsu, ta tashi kuma yanzu ta tashi.
Kekuk - sunan ɗan ruwa ne. Sau ɗaya, yana zuwa ƙasa, ya auri 'yar sarki. Bayan wani lokaci a rayuwar sa tare, ya gaya wa gimbiya: “Ina son ganin iyayena,” suka fada cikin ruwan kuma basu sake fitowa ba. A cikin baƙin ciki da baƙin ciki, yarinya ta ɓace a gefen gaci.
Ko ta yaya, hada gashin kanta, 'yar sarki ta yi tunani a kanta: "Idan bai dawo ba, babu wani abin da zan rayu a duniya, zai fi kyau ka zama tsuntsu ya tashi." Kuma burinta ya cika - ta juya ta zama tsuntsu ta tashi ko'ina. Hakan ya faru da sauri cewa ta yi ƙarfin gwiwar amarya guda kawai, yayin da ɗayan ya kasance ba bra.
Sun ce saboda cuckoo yana da reshe guda, ana dishe saukar da shi ƙasa.
Rayuwar budurwa ta shude cikin bakin ciki da kuma neman mijinta akai-akai. Har yanzu tana kiran mijinta "cake-cook!"
- Furanni Cuckoo da furanni.
A cikin tsoffin zamanin, kabilar Bashkir sun zauna a gefen kudu na Ural Tau. Sau da yawa maƙwabta kabilanci farmaki. Sun kai hari a lokacin. 'Yan Bashkirs na wannan kabilar suna da batir mai suna Kekuk. Ya tattara jarumi Egeti kuma ya yi akan abokan gaba. Yana barin yin gwagwarmaya, ya gaya wa ƙaunataccen Karagash, wanda yake ƙauna tun yana ƙuruciya: “Idan na tsaya a gona, jan furanni zai yi girma daga jinina. Zasu tuna muku soyayya na. Ku yi imani da ni: idan ban dawo ba, to sunana zai dawo! ” "Komai zai faru, ban musanya ku da kowa ba, zan jira!" - Karagash ta amsa ga kaunarta.
Mai hawa dawakan dawakansu, mahaya kuma suka shiga yaƙi. Ba da daɗewa ba suka ga sojojin abokan gaba na ɗimbin yawa. Yaƙin yaƙin ya fara. Kowane gefen ya ci nasara, sannan ɗayan. Lokacin da yaƙin ya mutu, babu wani rai guda da ya saura a fagen fama. Labarin wannan ya kai ga kabilun Kekuk-batyr. Duk suka yi kuka da hawaye na jini. Karagash kawai ba ya son gaskata wannan labarin. "Waɗanda suka fāɗi cikin yaƙi ba za a sake haihuwarsu ba, amma kuna buƙatar rayuwa!" - ta fadawa iyayenta kuma ta yanke shawarar aurar da 'yarta don beli, wanda ya aika da mai neman mata. Amma kyakkyawar Karagash ba ta son zama tare da ƙaunatarta. Anyi niyyar kashe mijinta da wuka da gudu. An kama ta kuma an daure ta a cikin zidane. Karagash yayi kuka mai zafi kuma ya rera waƙoƙin baƙin ciki, suna tunawa da Kakuk. “Tsuntsu zai tashi zuwa wurinka!” - yarinyar ta yi kuka. Sannan burinta ya cika: ba zato ba tsammani ta fara raguwa, ta narke. Madadin haka, hannayenta suka girma fuka-fuki. Ta juya ta zama tsuntsu, sai ta zame ta tsakanin sandunan ƙarfe na taga. Tana tashi daga itacen zuwa itace, daga dutse zuwa dutse, ta kira ƙaunataccen: “Cake-cook!” Kwanaki da yawa tana kuka a fili a cikin tsaunuka da kwarin Ural Tau.
Da zarar ta ga fure mai haske. Kawai sai kawai ta yi imani da mutuwar Kekuk.
Tun daga wannan lokacin, ta tashi cikin duniya, ta zauna a kan wani matattakala, kamar kanta, iska ko birch kuma, kallo cikin nesa, a bayyane yake maimaita sunan ƙaunataccena. Idan ta sanya tambarin, ba ta da haƙurin da za ta zauna - koyaushe tana neman Kekuk. Tana kuka musamman a lokacin furanni, idan furanni suka mutu, ba zata iya dafa abinci ba. Ta sake tashi daga wani wuri mai nisa na neman jan furanni. Koyaushe kamar wannan.
Wannan tsuntsu, wanda ake kira "cake-cookie!", Mutane sun fara kiran cuckoo, kuma waɗannan furannin jan - kekuk seshehe - furanni cuckoo.
Fitowar cuckoo
Za mu bincika bayyanar waɗannan tsuntsayen ta yin amfani da misalin cuckoos na yau da kullun.
Tsawon jiki ya bambanta tsakanin 35-38 santimita. Wutsiya shine santimita 13-18. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna nauyin gram 130.
Cuckoos sune shahararrun cututtukan fata.
Sashin fika kusan 55 santimita. Wata gabar jiki gajere ce kuma mai karfi. Gashin fuka-fukan a baya da wutsiyar maza suna da shuɗi mai duhu. Kirji da makogwaro sune launin toka mai haske. Ragowar jiki haske ne, yana da raunanan duhu. Kafafu suna launin rawaya, beak mai duhu a launi.
A cikin launi na mata, launin ruwan kasa da inuwa mai launin ja sun mamaye. Shugaban da baya ana ketare su da raunin launi mara launi. An shirya gashin gashin tare da farin iyaka. A kan kirji mai haske akwai madaidaiciyar madaidaicin matakai na baki da fari. Yawan nauyin mata bai wuce gram 110 ba.
Matasa girma galibi yana da launi mai launin ja. Abubuwan duhu mafi duhu suna ƙetara dukkan tsayin jiki. Cuckoos molt sau 2 a shekara. A lokacin rani, suna canza tubalin ɓangaren, kuma a cikin hunturu gaba ɗaya.
Menene tsuntsu ke alama?
Dangane da shahararrun imani, cuckoo yarinya ce da ta rasa wanda take ƙauna, ko gwauruwa. Tabbas, irin wannan kwatancin yana da ma’ana ta alama, amma maanarsa shine cewa ana ɗaukar tsuntsu wakilin sauran duniyar, yana da alaƙa da mulkin mamaci kuma ana ɗaukar manzon wuta. Abin da ya sa yawancin alamu marasa kyau suna alaƙa da shi. Mutane sun ƙudiri tsarin kusanci, cuta, yunwa, da sauransu.
A wasu yankuna na Turai, har ya zuwa yau, an yi imanin cewa wannan tsuntsu ta fito ne daga wani mutum, wata gwauruwa wacce ke zargin mijinta da son sa ya juya ta. A saboda wannan dalili, kashe wannan tsuntsu ana ɗaukarsa zunubi ne.
Amma idan zamuyi magana game da cuckoo da ma'ana, to yana cuckoos kawai a cikin lokacin dabbar don jawo hankalin ma'aurata su ci gaba da danyen gaba, kodayake a lokaci guda baya ƙyanƙyashe ƙwai kuma baya ciyar da kajin. Tana jefa su cikin mazaunan sauran tsuntsaye, har suma sun zama iyayensu na masu kauna. Amma mafi munin abin ba ma wannan ba ne - kajin cuckoo yana jefa 'yan uwan da suka fito daga cikin gida saboda duk abincin da' iyayen 'ke kawo shi ne kawai za a ba shi.
Saboda wannan dabi'ar cuckoos, wasu nau'in tsuntsaye a wasu lokuta ba za su iya yin zuriyar ɗaya daga cikin nasu ba har tsawon shekara.
Alamu masu alaƙa da tsuntsu mai rarrafe
Yawancin camfi suna da alaƙa ba kawai tare da tsuntsu kanta ba, har ma da waƙar ta. Domin cuckoo cuckoo, mutane iya:
- tantance yanayin
- yi hukunci game da girbi na gaba
- yi tunanin shekaru nawa ne suka rage su rayu,
- Nemi bayani game da abubuwan da zasu faru nan gaba, da sauransu.
Wasu kabilun tsohuwar Slavs sun kira tsuntsu "maɓalli mai tsaron gidan aljanna" kuma ta muryarta zasu iya ƙayyade adadi mai yawa na abubuwanda suka faru. A saboda wannan, dalilai kamar su:
- wuri da kuma lokacin wasan kurket
- m,
- yawan lokuta.
Hakanan ya dace da abin da mutumin yake aiki a lokacin da ya fara jin cuckoo yana raye a karon farko cikin shekara.
An daidaita lokaci-lokaci
Lokacin fassarar alamar cuckoo, yana da mahimmanci don yin la’akari da lokacin shekara, da kuma yin la’akari da hutun cocin da kwanan wata.
Babban alamu na kakar:
- Idan tsuntsu ya ba da murya a farkon bazara - shekara za ta durƙusad da.
- Tsuntsu wanda ke waka bayan 12 ga Yuli (Ranar St. Peter) yana ɗaukar mutu'a da kuma bala'i da yawa. Idan kun kasance "kun yi sa'a" don jin muryarta a wannan lokacin, to ya kamata ku ce "cuckoo" don mayar da hankali ga matsala.
- Idan cuckoo ya fara raira waka kafin tsakar dare, to shekarar ba zata yi nasara ba kuma yana iya jin yunwa. Nishaɗi da nishaɗi ba za su jira ba.
- A cikin bazara, cuckoo yana kuka koyaushe - har yanzu za a yi sanyi.
- Idan tsuntsaye da yawa suna kuka a lokaci guda, suna maimaitawa juna, to yanayin zai yi kyau, ranar zata yi rana.
- Idan waƙoƙin cuckoo ba ya tsayawa bayan zamanin Bitrus, sauran bazara za su yi zafi su bushe.
- Cuckoo yana cuckooing a cikin kaka - sanyi zai zo da wuri.
Ya danganta da lokacin da rana take
Alamu game da cuckoo kuma sun bambanta a lokacin rana. Ya danganta da lokacin da mutum ya ji kukanta, suna yin hukunci kan yadda ranar za ta kasance:
- Tsuntsu ya tashi da safe ko kuma kafin abincin rana - ranar zata zama cikin nasara da 'ya'yan itace.
- Da rana, ayyuka da yawa suka rage. Ba wai kawai ranar ba, amma duk mako mai zuwa za a kashe a cikin rubuce-rubucen.
- Da yamma - alama mara kyau, ɗayan dangin zai faɗi rashin lafiya.
- A dare, tsuntsu ya yi gargaɗin cewa wani a cikin gidan zai mutu nan da nan. Gaskiya ne idan tsuntsu yana wani wuri kusa.
Inda daidai yake ita
Alamu suna ba ku shawara ku mai da hankali ga inda kukan abubuwa ya fito. Yakamata a bishi ta hanyar inda tsuntsun yake kusa da mutumin da ya ji shi:
- Ana jin sautin a gefen hagu - kuna buƙatar jira don matsala.
- Daga hannun dama - zuwa sa'a a cikin al'amuranda aka fara.
- Juya - zuwa ga mutuwa mai zuwa.
- Ci gaba - rayuwa zata yi tsawo da farin ciki.
- A bayan - ga hawaye da bakin ciki.
- A kudanci, mafarkin da ake so zai zama gaskiya ba da daɗewa ba.
- A arewaci - don samun riba da ciniki mai nasara.
Sauran camfe-camfe masu alaƙa da cuckoo
Idan an haifi jaririn a ranar da cuckoo a karon farko a shekara ya fara dafa abinci, to rayuwa mai farin ciki tana jiransa, cike da farin ciki da nasara.
Ana ɗauka kyakkyawan abin alfahari ne don jin kukan wani "abu mai ƙyalli" yayin da yake cikin yanayi da kwance akan ciyawa. Wannan yana nuna kyakkyawan sa'a da kwanciyar hankali a duk shekara.
Jin kukan tsuntsu yayin hutawa abu ne mai kyau. Duk shekarar za ta kasance cikin kwanciyar hankali da nutsuwa.
Idan mutum ya yi aiki tuƙuru yayin raye-rayen cuckoo, to, zai shafe shekara duka a cikin aiki.
Lokacin da mutumin da lafiya ya ji waƙar, mutum zai iya tabbata cewa cututtuka ba za su zo masa da wuri ba.
Tsaye a kan ƙasa baƙar fata yayin kukan tsuntsu - zuwa aiki marasa amfani da kuma rashin kuɗi. Hakanan ana la’akari da mummunan labari idan an yi waka mutum zai kalli kasa. Jin hargitsi a cikin faduwa alama ce mara kyau.
A farkon kukan cuckoo na shekara, kuna buƙatar hanzarta yin buri. Mutanen sun yi imanin cewa tabbas hakan zai tabbata, kuma idan a wannan lokacin kuna da tsabar kuɗi tare da ku, ya kamata ku canza shi daga wannan hannun zuwa wani.
Hakanan, alamu sanannen sun ce cuckoo shine talisman kudi. Lokacin da ta yi waka, tana buƙatar girgiza jakar ta sosai don kuɗi yana gudana ko'ina cikin shekara. Idan kun bar gidanku da cikakken walat kuma ku ji “cuckoo” a karo na farko a cikin shekara, to, zaku iya tsammanin isowar kuɗin da ba tsammani ba.
Idan tsuntsu ya cika, yana zaune kusa da gida ko taga, to, wani kusa zai mutu nan da nan. "Veschunya" ya zauna a kan rufin sito - za a sami annoba da mutuwar dabbobi. Lokacin da tsuntsu ya yi birgima kuma ba zai iya zama ko ina ba, kana buƙatar jira wuta. Hakanan, a lokacin kukan tsuntsaye, 'yan matan suna yin zato ga ango: sau nawa za ta siya, shekaru da yawa yarinyar zata jira masu son wasan.
Wani kukan mai karfi yana nuna cewa zaiyi ruwa da wuri. An dauke shi alama ce ta mummunar mummunar alama don jin azumi ko azumi - wannan ya nuna yunwar da talauci.
Lokacin da tsuntsu ya fara waka akan busasshen itace, shekarar ta yi alkawarin yunwar yunwa. Idan mutane suka ji waka ta farko akan bishiyar rayuwa wacce aka rufe da ganye, to girbin zai zama mai wadata.
Har ila yau manomin sun san cewa ya kamata a dasa shuki kafin farkon kukan cuckoo, in ba haka ba duk abin da aka dasa ba zai ba da girbi mai kyau ba.
Bugu da kari, sahihan al'adu wadanda yakamata a aiwatar dasu a dajin lokacin tattara mutane sun zama ruwan dare a tsakanin mutane. Don yin wannan, al'ada ce ta juya ga wata ma'abuta ta ban tsoro tare da tambayoyi game da makomar ƙaunatattun.
Fassarar Mafarki
Ganin cuckoo a cikin mafarki koyaushe ana ɗaukarsa alama ce mara kyau, saboda ita ce manzon duniyar matattu. Irin wannan mafarkin yakan kasance yana bayyana wanda ya gan shi.
Idan an aika mafarkin ga mara lafiya, bai kamata ya jira warkewar sauri ba. A cikin mafarki, tsuntsu ya tsallaka saman rufin gida ko ya zauna a kai - za a sami wanda ya mutu a cikin dangi.
Masana ilimin zamani ba su ba da shawara su mai da hankali sosai ga alamomin da ke da alaƙa da cuckoo ba, don kada su tsokani matsala da kansu da danginsu. Abubuwan da kawai yakamata a la'akari dasu sune alamun yanayin, da alamu ingantattu da suka shafi harkar kuɗi.
Game da halayyar da abinci mai gina jiki na asalin motsa jiki
Cuckoos galibi suna ciyar da kwari: kwari da bishiyoyi, waɗanda ke lalata gangar jikin bishiyoyi da ganyayyaki. Baya ga kwari, abincin abinci na cuckoos ya haɗa da ƙwai da kajin sauran tsuntsaye. Cuckoos ba sa cin kawunansu da ƙwai, waɗanda ba za a jefa su ba.
Uwa mai aikin da ba ta da ma'ana "tana yin" aiki "don dasa kwai a cikin ɗakoki 8.
Maza ne ke dafa abinci, kuma mace ta fi yin shiru, saboda koyaushe suna ƙoƙari don kada wani ya lura da su. Bayan duk, don jefa ƙwaiyenku cikin sauran mazaunan ku, kuna buƙatar nuna hali a hankali.
A farkon lokacin bazara, cuckoos ke tashi daga Afirka zuwa Asiya da Turai. Tsuntsaye suna rayuwa mai kaɗaici. Maza suna da manyan yankuna waɗanda zasu iya kaiwa kadada da yawa. Matan suna da kasaitaccen tsari. Abu mafi mahimmanci ga cuckoos shine samun waɗansu gida na sauran tsuntsayen a yankin su.
Saurari muryar gama gari
Duk lokacin da rayuwarta ta kasance, kowane layin mahaifiya ya saba da sauran tsuntsayen a matakin tsararraki. Abin da ya sa aka lura da launi kama da qwai. Hakanan yana da wuya a rarrabe ƙwai a girman.
Foundling a cikin gidan wani.
Matan suna bin ɗawainiyar guda ɗaya kawai - don discritly jefa kwai su. Don yin wannan, cuckoo yana jira tsuntsu ya tashi daga gida, sannan, yana aiwatar da aikinsa cikin sauri. Mace na ciyar da mintuna 8-10 akan irin wannan aikin. Mace ta cinye kwai na rundunar, ta fitar da shi daga gida, ko kuma ɗaukar kanta da kanta.
Mafi sau da yawa ba koyaushe ba, iyaye ba su san canzawa ba. Cuckoo kajin an haife su da sauri fiye da sauran kajin, yayin da suke ƙoƙarin kawar da ƙwararrun ƙungiyar. Godiya ga wannan dabarar, kajin galibi sune kawai a cikin gida.
Jariri yana girma da sauri, yana buƙatar abinci koyaushe. A cikin mako na uku na rayuwa, kajin cuckoo ya bar gida. Amma iyayen da suka ci amanar sun ci gaba da ciyar da karen har sai ya girma, wannan ya ci gaba har tsawon makonni 3.
Jefar da kwai a cikin gidan wani, cuckoo yana cin ƙwal ɗin "ɗan ƙasa" don yaudarar da ba ya ganuwa.
A lokacin bazara, kuki na kula da mace don jefa wasu ƙwayayen 3-5 ga wasu uwaye. Amma yuwuwar waɗannan tsuntsayen manya-manyan ne, za su iya kawo ƙwai 30. Idan cuckoo ya kasa samun gidan da ya dace, to ya jefa wa kowane tsuntsu ko kawai ya bar shi a ƙasa.
Kayan kwai yana cikin oviduct har zuwa kwanaki 3, saboda haka mata suna da lokaci don nemo gidan da ya dace.Idan ƙwai ya fara kyankyasa ba da daɗewa ba, to, kukanin na iya lalata ɓoye, kuma dole ne iyaye su fara sabon.
Ta hanyarsu ta rayuwa, cuckoos suna cutar da marasa tabbaci ga sauran tsuntsayen, tunda sun lalata zuriyarsu. Amma ga muhalli, cuckoos suna da amfani, tunda suna lalata yawancin kwari masu cutarwa waɗanda wakilan dangin ke wucewa basa ciyar da su. Sabili da haka, cuckoos suna da amfani ga halitta.
Waɗannan tsuntsayen suna rayuwa, a matsakaita na shekaru 7-10.
Idan an sami kuskure, a zabi wani ɗan rubutu sai a danna Ctrl + Shigar.